Volume 50, Number 2 Summer 2008
Inside: An Aberrant Urbanus teleus (Hubner, 1821) Conservation Matters: Rearing Mitchell's Satyr at the l'oledo Zoo Two Trips to Taman Negara l4ational Park, Malaysia Artificial hybridization and natural sUbspeciation in Cercyonis pegala A False Head on California Tortoiseshell larvael 2008 Karl Jordan Medal Award Recipient: Gaden S. Robinson Marketplace••• Mailbag••• Membership Update••• ••• and more! NEWS ~,
Th e Lepidopterists' Society IS a non-pront educational and scientific organization. The Two Heads Better Than One? A False Head in California object of the Society, which was formed in Tortoiseshell Larvae David G. James 35 May 1947 an d formally constituted in De Lange's Metalmark Butterfly: Success in Small Packages. cember 1950, is "to promote internationally U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Release 37 t he scie nce of lepidopterology in all its 2008 Karl Jordan Medal Award Recipient: Gaden S. Robinson branches; to further the scientifically sound Jacqueline Y. Miller 38 an d progressive study of Lepidoptera, to is Notes on the Red-Spotted Purple (Limenitis arthemis astyanax) in sue periodicals and other publications on Michigan. Dale L. Clayton 39 Lepidoptera; to facilitate the exchange of New Service Available on the Lepidopterists' Society Website 39 specimens and ideas by both the professional workerand the amateur in the field; to com An Aberrant Urbanus teleus (Hiib n er, 1821) (Hesperiidae: pile and distribute information to other or Eudaminae) George T. Austin and Andrew D. Warren .41 ganizations and individuals for purposes of Conservation Matters: Rearing Mitchell's Satyr at the Toledo Zoo -A education and conservation and appreciation first step towards eventual re-introduction in secure habitats. of Lepidoptera; and to secure cooperation in Peter Tolson 42 all measu res" directed towards these aims . Two Trips to Taman Negara National Park, Malaysia. (Article II, Constitution of The Lepidopter Steve Fratello 44 ists' Society.) Announcement The News ofthe Lepidopterists' Society The 2nd Asian Lepidoptera Conservation Symposium 2008 47 (ISSN 0091-1348) is published quarterly by The Marketplace 48 The Lepidopterists' Society, c/o Los Angeles Announcement County Museum ofNatural History, 900 Ex The Lepidoptera Research Foundation Announces Aware Program position Blvd., Los Angeles, CA90007-4057, For Student Research Grants 50 USA., and includes one or two supplements First Arctic Alaskan Collections of Compton Tortoiseshell (Roddia each year. The Season Summary is pub vaualbum) Made in November 2007 J ordan S .Metzgar 51 lished every year as Supplement Sl and is Artificial hybridization and natural subspeciation in Cercyonis mailed with issue 1of the News. In even num bered years a complete Membership Direc pegala (Nymp h alid a e , Satyrinae) Andrei Sou rakov 52 tory is published as Supplement S2 and is Membership Update. Julian Donahue 54 mailed with issue 4 of that volume of the Metamorphosis. Julian Donahue 54 News. Please see the inside back cover for in New Membership Directory: Is Your Information Correct? 55 structions regarding subscriptions, submis Moth Book Wins Prestigious Medal Edward D. Edwards 55 sions to, and deadline dates for, the News. Executive Council/Season Summary Zone Coordinators 58, 59 Periodicals Postage paid at Los Angeles, CA and at additional mailing office (Lawrence, KS). P OSTM ASTER: Pl ease send address changes to News ofthe Lepidopterists' Society, c/o Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA90007-4057. Copyright © 2008 by The Lepidopteris ts' Society.All rights reserved. The statements Issue Date: September 30, 2008 ISSN 0091-1348 of contributors do not necessarily represent Front Cover: the views ofthe Society or the editor and the Society does not warrant or endorse prod Graphium eurypalus, on urine soaked sediment, Tahan River, Malaysia. Photo ucts or services of advertisers. by Steve Fratello. See article on pp. 44. Summer 2008 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Two Heads Better Than Onel A False Head in California Tortoiseshell Larvae David G. James Department of Entomology, Wash ington State University, Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Cent er, 24105 North Bunn Road, Prosser, Washington 99350. david ..ia m es @wsu. ed u
Mimicry used as a strategy to deceive predators to t he le ss vulnerable tail the fourth instar (pp. 36). In the fifth predators has presumably evolved via end. Striking examples of caterpillar instar, a profuse covering of white setae selective pressures from predators that 'false heads' occur in the Notodontidae covers the body including the posterior hunt primarily by sight. A familiar and Noctuidae. Larvae of Dasylophia segments, effectively masking the 'false example of this among the Lepidoptera anguina (J. E . Smith) and D. head'(pp. 36 ' ). is that of the ventral wing pattern and thyatiroides (Walker) have swollen The distinctive 'two-headed' appearance behavior of many adult lycaenid terminal segments, bear black 'eyespots' of third and fourth instar N californica butterflies. The presence of spots or and have elongate prolegs that resemble larvae has not been reported previously. spot-like markings at the anal angle, antennae (Wagner, 2005). Mature Edwards (1876), Reinhard (1981) and usually accompanied by the presence of larvae of Phosphila turbulenta Hubner Scott (1992) made no mention of 'tails', are considered to resemble eyes have a terminal 'head' that is larger sclerot ized posterior segments or the and antennae, respectively (Salt , 1931, and more boldly marked than the real ' fals e head' appearance of t h ese Robbins, 1980, 1981). The putative head (Wagner, 2005 ). segments in their detailed descriptions 'head' at the posterior end of these Here, I show by illustration, the of N. californica larvae. However, two lycaenids is expected to deflect predator appearance of a 'false head' on the recently published books contain attacks from the real head and Robbins terminal abdominal segments of larvae images of third instar N. cal ifornica (1980, 1981 ) obtained data consistent of the California Tortoiseshell butterfly, larvae and both show an apparent with this hypothesis. Nymphalis californica Boisduval. 'head' on each end of the body, similar A number oflepidopteran larvae possess Larvae of N. californica were reared to the images presented here (Guppy eyespots at the head end, but these, from eggs laid by a captive female in and Shepard, 2001 , Allen et al. , 2005 ). along with swelling, serve to emphasize , June 2006 , as part of research on the Some other species in the Nymphalidae rather than deflect interest from the identification and biology of immature also appear to have a tendency towards head, creating a ' fr igh t en ing' stages of Washington State butterflies darkening of the terminal abdominal appearance. This presumably helps to (J ames and Nunnallee, in prep.). segm ent. For example, instars 2-4 of ward off visually-searching predators Images (taken using a Canon EOS-1 Ds Vanessa cardui (L.) have a sclerotized by mi micking some larger, more Mark II digital camera equipped with a plate on the terminal segment but this fearsome (and better defended) creature! MP-E 65mm macro lens) of larval doesn't extend to the whole segment Examples of this occur among late instars 1-5 are shown in Figure 1. The and adjacent one as it does in N. instar larvae of certain papilionid two posterior abdominal segments of all califarnica . Consequently, the posterior butterflies (e.g. Papilio rutulus Lucas) instars are dark/black colored segments do not take on the appearance and sphingid moths (e.g. Deil ephila increasing in intensity and in their of a larval head capsule in larvae of this elpe nor (L.», which mi ght resemble resemblance to a larval head cap sule as species (J ames, unpubl. obs.). snakes from a bird or small mammal's the larva matures from the first to Confirmation t hat the ' false head' perspective. A 'false head' deflection fourth instar. In the fir st instar there appearance of N. califarnica larvae is st r at egy against visually-orienting is a sclerotized black plate situ at ed indeed a strategy to divert the attention predators also occurs in some dorso-posteriorly on the terminal of vi sually searching predators like caterpillars. Caterpillars of a number of segment. The remainder of the segment birds away from the real head, awaits danaid (e.g. Danaus plexippus (L» and and the adjacent one are darker colored appropriate experimental testing. Early some papilionid (e.g, Battus philenor than the rest of the body. In the second (1-3) instars of N. californica feed and (L.» species possess filaments on or in star, the two posterior segments rest communally and the appearance of near the terminal segments (Allen et al., darken further, becoming fully t wice the number of 'heads' in a 2005). These may be used to ward off sclerotized and shiny black in the third community may reduce the ri sk that insect parasitoids by waving them instar. The sclerotized po sterior real heads are attacked by a predator. around (Wells and Wells, 1995), segment s mo st closely resemble the How ever, an appro aching predator is alternatively, they may serve as false appearance of a larval head capsule in usually met with a communal 'head- antennae directing the attention of
Volume 50, Number 2 35 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Volume 50, Number 2
jerking' reaction (Edwards 1876, experimental testing of the defense Reinhard 1981). This may be a second hypothesis has been conducted for any tier of defense with 'confusion' the first. species. Most moth caterpillars with The 'false head' of N califarnica larvae 'false heads' are aposematic (e.g, is most apparent in the fourth instar Dasylophia, Phosphila), and may use (below), coinciding with loss of deception in combination with chemical communal behavior, which may also defense. Although N califarnica larvae increase predation risk. The fifth instar are not aposematic they are also is characterized by greater development chemically defended, possessing a of spines and setae which presumably ventral gland on the first ab dominal enhance defense. In this instar the segment (James, unpubl. obs.). sclerotized posterior segments are Literature Cited: covered with white setae, as is the rest of the body, obscuring the 'false head' Allen, T. J., J. P. Brock and J. Glassberg, 2005. Caterpillars in the Field and Garden. Oxford illusion. University Press, New York. 232 pp. Employment of a 'false head' as an Edwards, H., 1876. Pacific Coast Lepidoptera, apparent defense by caterpillars against No . 13. On the earlier stages of Vanessa californica. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6 (10): 146 visually-orienting predators has been 149 . described for a number of moth species. Guppy, C. S. and J. H. Shepard, 2001. This report presents the first example Butterflies of British Columbia. University of a butterfly species with 'false-headed' of British Columbia Press, Vancouver. 414 pp . larvae. However, no rigorous James, D. G. and Nunnallee, D., In Prep. Cascadia Caterpillars: Immature stages of Pacific Northwest Butterflies. Reinhard, V. H. , 1981. Notes on early stages of Nymphalis californica (Nymphalidae). J . Lepid. Soc. 35 (5): 243-244. Robbins, R. K., 1980. The lycaenid "false head' hypothesis: Historical review and quantitative analysis. J. Lep id. Soc. 34 (2): 194 -208. Robbins, R. K., 1981. The "False head" hypothesis: Predation and wing pattern variation of lycaenid butterflies. Am . Nat. 118: 770-775 . Salt, G., 1931. The "false head" of many Colombian lycaenid butterflies. Proc. R. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 6: 19-22. Scott, J . A., 1992. Hostplant records for butterflies and skippers (m ost ly from Colorado) 1959-1991, with new life histories and notes on oviposition, immatures and ecology. Papilio (New Series) 6. Wagner, D. L. 2005, Caterpillars of eastern North America. Princeton University Press. Wells, H. and Wells, P. H. 1992. The Monarch butterfly: A review. Southern California Acad. Sci. Bull . 91: 1-25.
Larval instars (1-5) of Nymphalis califarnica showing development of posterior ' false head ' . Image L4-R shows detail of scelerotized posterior segments of instar 4.
36 Summer 2008 Summer 2008 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Lange's Metalmark Butterfly: Success in Small Packages From: u.s. Fish & Wildlife Service, Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office, 2800 Cottage W0", Room W-2605, Sacramento, CA 95825 Contact: Al Donner, [email protected]
A daring attempt to help a nearly stem buckwheat, a whispy plant that is in visible when their wings are closed. extinct butterfly that began last August the Lange's sole food supply. But when they are open, the top side of has been successful beyond the most The task facing the Refuge was how to their wings are a colorful pattern of optimistic hopes, and now biologists are save dune-dependent naked buckwheat, oranges and browns. The species is about to re-populate one of the species' and the butterfly that depends on them, named for William H. Lange Jr., a few remaining habitats. when the dynamic movement of sand young UC Berkeley entomology student About 8:15 am on Friday, Aug. 29, 2008 dunes had dramatically diminished. and future UC Davis professor who first (befor e the day's heat builds up) The native plants need the shifting identified it in the 1930's. biologists from Moorpark College and sand, steep banks and clear ground of Unlike some butterflies that can travel The Urban Wildlands Group will join naturally functioning dunes. But an hundreds of miles, the Lange's is a home with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service increasingly thick invasive weed base body that never ventures beyond the (Service) biologists to release about 30 stabilizes the soil, which in turn leads sand dunes along the southern bank of endangered Lange's metalmark to the growth of more weeds. Vetch , the the San Joaquin River, at the western butterflies in the Antioch Dunes Refuge's worst culprit, covers the edge of the Sacramento-San Joaquin National Wildlife Refuge in the City of ground with a thick carpet, choking out Delta. Now, with most of those dunes Antioch in eastern Contra Costa the buckwheat. destroyed, the butterfly's only County. Biologists will also release some Refuge managers are removing the non remaining habitat is on and near the larvae that biologists hope will soon native plants that crowd out the Antioch Dunes National Wildlife mate in their natural environment. buckwheat, allowing the butterfly's Refuge. The only home to the Lange's food source to recover. Using controlled Unlike many other butterflies that metalmark butterfly is a few remnant cattle grazing to eat the weeds last produce several generations in a year, sand dunes along the river in Antioch, spring, Refuge biologists cleared major Lange's metalmark breeds only one preserved in the Refuge. Last year the areas of exotic plants, allowing a good group of offspring per year. So each population plummeted to 45 butterflies, growth of buckwheat in some areas of summer's tally of adult butterflies is a from hundreds or thousands of animals the Refuge. critical indicator of the species' less than a decade ago . In a desperate A similar two-pronged approach condition. Unfortunately, Lange's attempt to save the species, last August habitat improvements and captive numbers were declining for years. In biologists carefully collected a few of the breeding - has stabilized the population 2006 biologists recorded only 45 adult remaining Lange's metalmarks and of the endangered Palos Verdes blue Lange's , down from 2,342 in 1999 . placed them in two experienced breeding butterfly, a Southern California species Biologists have been encouraged this facilities. The Moorpark College site, once thought to be extinct. Efforts by August, with 112 Lange's counted in operated in conjunction with Urban the Defense Logistics Agency, Urban surveys through Aug. 20. Late August Wildlands, has produced 185 butterflies Wildlands, Moorpark, and the Service through early September are normally with that initial stock. Butterflies not has helped in the recovery of this peak seasons for the butterfly, so released now will be used to increase animal. biologists are hoping to see continued the breeding population for release next increases, indicating that they are on year. One of the first insects to be protected under the Endangered Species Act, the the right track. The breeding and release program is Lange's metalmark has been federally The 55-acre Refuge is a "biological one-halfof ajoint project by the Refuge, listed as endangered since 1976. It is a island" of rare and exotic plants and the Service's Ecological Services fragile, brightly colored butterfly in the insects, some found nowhere else . The program in Sacramento, Moorpark, Riodinidae (metalmark) family, with an Refuge was established in 1980 as a Urban Wildlands and others to adult wingspan up to 1 V2 inches. haven for the Lange's and two federally establish the captive-breeding program. Metalmark butterflies are named for the and State listed endangered plants, the The other key component of the grey, or metallic-colored, outsides of Contra Costa wallflower and the restoration is rejuvenation of naked their wings, which make them nearly Antioch Dunes evening primrose.
Volume 50, Number 2 37 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Volume 50, Number 2 2008 Karl Jordan Medal Award Recipient: Gaden S. Robinson Ja cqueline Y. Miller McGuire Center ofLepidoptera & Biodiversity, Florida Mu seum ofNatural History, University ofFlorida, P O. Box 2710, Gainesville, FL 32611-2710, jmiller @flmnh.ufl.edu
Born on 11 April 1949 in Hampshire, with Dr. Nielsen working on a review philately. In 1994, he was awarded a D. southe rn England, Gad en S. Robinson of the Australian tineid fauna. These Sc. by the University of Durham for his receiv ed hi s B. S. de gree at Durham studies resulted in several publications, contributions to Microlepidoptera University in 1970. He was encouraged including the Tineid Genera ofAustralia systematics, especially the studies of to continue his postgraduate stu dies (1993), and the results of the Tineoidea. there and was awarded a Ph. D. in 1974 southeastern Asian field work were en Author and co-author of more than 91 on the taxonomy and biogeography of capsulated in Field Guide to the Smaller publications includin g 17 books, his the Lepidoptera of Fiji . With his wife, Moth s of South-East Asia (1994). research covers a wide variety of topics Beth, he is the father of t wo sons, Very active in the scientific community, from systematics, taxonomy, bio Rich ard (b. 1979 ) and Hugh (b. 1982). Dr. Robinson has been a member and geography, evolution, mimetic patterns Following the compl etion of his degree, held office in sever al professional in the Zygaenidae, and moth and bird Dr. Robinson trave led widely for three societies, including Fellow of the Royal interactions to the ho stplants and years in the western Paci fic. In 1974, Ent omological Society (London) in associated biology of Lepidoptera. He he ac cep ted a posi t ion as Research wh ich he se rved as a member of the es t ablished the standard for online Entomologist in t he Dep art ment of Council and th e Library Committee. He databases with the development of the Entomology of t he Natural Hi story is al so a Fellow of t he Royal Geo Global Taxonomic database of the Mu seum (for mer ly British Mu seum graphical Society. Dr. Robinson served Tineidae in 2001. In addition, he (Nat ura l Hi st ory ), London . Dr. as the editor of Systematic Entomology initiated HOSTS - a database of the Rob in son has focused h is resea rch (1980-85) , Bull etin of the Natural hostplants of the world's Lepidoptera effo rts on t he more pr imit ive Lep i H istory Mu seum , Entomology and and collaborated on Leplndex:The dop tera , es pecially t he su pe rfamily Occasional Pap ers on Systematic global Lepidoptera names index (2003). Tin eoidea , and also compl eted th orough Entomology (1995-2002), and currently It is for all of the above an d particularly biodiversity surveys on the systematics serves as the Associate Editor for for his remarkable contributions on the of the Microlepid opt era of southeaste rn entomology for Syst ematics and sys t emat ics of the Microlepidoptera, Asia . In addition, he worked with local Biodiversity. He also is the newsletter especially his extraordinary efforts on scient ists but al so assisted with the editor and an enthusiastic member of the Tineoidea, that the 2008 Committee development of synopt ic r eference the Malaya Study Group, the recognizes Dr. Gaden S. Robinson with collections in Nepal, Thailand, international society for Malaysian the Karl J ordan Medal. Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia , Australia, Vanuatu, Fiji , and the U. S. Addition ally, his most recent research interest s encompass fau nisti c and biodiversity studies of insul ar and Asian rainforest faunas and h ostplant and host substrate re lations hips, including the evo lution of specialized forms of det r it ivory in Ti neoidea. He also re cently completed a collaboration on a Cat alog ue of the Hostpla nts of the Neotropical Bu tterfli es (2008). Dr. Robinson initiated cooperative studies on the Patagonian ghost-moths and the Linnaean type-specim en s with the late Ebbe Nielsen at the Australian National Insect Collection in Canberra. In 1986, he spent a half year sabbatical
38 Summer 2008 Summer 2008 News of the Lepidopterists' Society
Notes on the Red-spotted Pu_r~le (Limenitis arthemis ast;anax) in Michigan
Dale L. Clayton 776 Greenoch Loop, Oak Harbor, WA 98277 [email protected]
On August 18, 2005 ca . 8:00am I astyanax extends from the southern which leads me to believe that Limenitis observed three Limenitis arthem is boarder to the northern counties of arthemis is fairly common in Alcona astyanax feeding on the blood of a road Michigan's lower peninsula, and the L. County. For perspective on how this kill opossum. When I returned with a. arthemis range extends from the could be omitted from a truly excellent camera, traffic had increased and the upper peninsula to Iosco County, south field guide (Nielsen 1999), by a careful butterflies were chased away each time of Alcona. The two subspecies form a scholar who is arguably the most a car passed. Most escaped toward the hybrid swarm in this zone of overlap knowledgeable about Michigan river and trees on the west, but (M.C. Neilsen, per. corn.), but none of butterflies, see (Sha pir o 2007). The returned from the southeast facing into the individuals I saw showed the white shor t answer is; the county has been a light breeze. It appeared that they banding typically of L. a. arthemis and inadequately sampled and records are were picking up the scent of blood and hybrids of these subspecies. Platt & not available. We could also cite following an odor trail to the opossum. Brower (1968) have shown that examples of collecting excesses. The Red-spotted pu rple butterflies have a breeding of L. a. arthemis and L . a. exchange of ideas by proponents on varied diet, feeding on sap , fruit, flower astyanax within their hybridization either side of the collecting controversy nectar, carrion, dung, honeydew, zone (ca. two degrees of latitude across is good for everyone fond of butterflies. decaying wood, etc. (J. A. Scott, 1986 ); the U.S . and southern Ontario) is at Literature Cited: and as evidenced in Fig. 1 &2 (pp. 57), random. Laboratory crosses show no fresh blood. evidence of inviability consequently they Nielsen , M. C.1999. Michigan Butterflies & are considered conspecific. Skippers. Michigan State Univ. Ext en sion , This observation appears to be a record E. Lan sing, MI. 248pp. for L . arthemis astyanax in Alcona The latitudinalllongitudinal coordinates Platt, A. P. and L. P. Brower. 1968 . Mim etic County, Michigan. Nielsen (1999) (Goggle Earth) for the picture in versus disruptive coloration in intergrading population s of Limenitis a r t hemis a nd shows both subspecies of L. arthem is Figures 1 and 2 are (440 37' 53"N and astyanax butterflies. Evolution 22(4):699 (L. a. arthemis (White Admiral) and L. 830 26 ' 36 "W ). I also observed L . a. 718. a. astyanax (Red-spot t ed Purple» in astyanax at two other sites in Alcona Scott, J. A.1986. The Butterflies of North counties bordering Alcona on the north, county, August 19 , 2005 at (440 37' Americ a. Stanford Univ. Pre ss, Stanford, CA we st and south; and Lake Huron 53"N and 830 26' 37"W) and (440 37' Shapiro. A. M. 2007. Your field guide is lying to borders Alcona County on the east. It 34.6"N and 830 32' 00.2"W). These are yo u (U n less it's mine). New s of the is reasonable to expect both subspecies three casual observations (i.e. no effort Lepidopterist s' Society 49(3):88-89. in Alcona County. The range of L . a. to find butterflies) within two days,
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As the end of the year approaches, If you haven't visited the website underway to do the same with issues of membership renewal forms will be in recently you'll be surprised by the the NEWS as well. the mail for all Society members. Ifyou changes that have taken place. Hats off to all who have contributed want to save on postage, you can now Webmaster John Snyder has completely their time, photos and expertise to renew your membership online by revamped the site making it much more making the website better than ever. visiting the Lepidopterists' Society user friendly and informative. website (www.lepsoc.org). Just click on ---Editor All articles that appeared in the Journal the "Membership Advantages" section of the Lepidopterists' Society from five on the navigation bar and follow the years ago and beyond are now available instructions. by downloading PDF files . Plans are
Volume 50, Number 2 39 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Volume 50, Number 2
Fig. 1. Aberrant Urbanus teleus, male, dorsal surface (BRAZIL: Rondonia; vic. Cacaulandia, Fazenda Rancho Grande, 13 November 1991, GTA dissection # 1789). Fig. 2. Aberrant Urbanus teleus , ventral surface (same specimen as Fig. 1). Fig. 3. Typical Urbanus teleus, mal e, dorsal surface (GUATEMALA: Peten, Parque Nacional Tikal, 2 February 1992, G. T. Austin disscetion #14069). Fig. 4. Typical Urbanus teleus, ventral surface (same specimen as Fig. 3).
40 Summer 2008 Summer 2008 News of the Lepidopterists' Society An Aberrant Urbanus teleus (Hubner, 1821) (Hesperiidae: Eudaminae)
1 George T Austin', and Andrew D. Warren ,2 McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and B iodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, P.O. Box 112710, Gainesville, Florida 32611 1 Museo de Zoologia "A lfonso L. H errera", Departamento de B iologia Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Un iversidad Nacional Aut6noma de Mexico, Apdo. Postal 70-399, Mexico , D.F. 04510, Mexico2
Ab errations are known for a wide offset proximad from the anterior ends Cientffico e Tecno16gico kindly issued variety of butterflies (Frohawk 1938, of the bands so t hat the di stal mo st the authoriz ation permits from the Clench 1948, Russwurm 1978, Tubbs macule is situated between the two more Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia for 1978 ), but are more prevalent in some caudal bands. st udies in Rondonia in coll aboration taxa than in others (Kendall and On the aberrant individual, the white with EMBRAPA/CPAC and the McGuire 1984). Aberrant individuals of macules on the forewing are expanded Univer sid ad e Federal do Parana. The skippers (Hes pe r iidae) are very in size and extent. A curved series junior au t hor thanks DGAPA-UNAM infrequently encountered. The authors occurs around the di stal end of the for funding. have seen very few obviously aberrant discal cell from the costal cell to vein Literature Cited individuals among hundreds of Ml. These macules are much longer thousands of specimens examined of than typical for U. teleu s and entirely Clench, H. K. 1943. Some lycaenid aberrations (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Ent. News this family. A particularly striking fill cell s Sc-R1 throu gh R2-R3. The 54:249-251. aberrant male Urbanus Hubner,[1807] macules of the diagonal stripe include Clench, H. K. 1948. Aberrations. News Lepid. (Hesperiidae: Eudaminae) was taken by a n expanded, somewhat triangular Soc. 2:6. Jim Brock near Cacaulandia in Comstock, J. A. 1926. Studies in Pacific coast macule of the di scal cell; narrower Lepidoptera. Thirtee n new species or Rondonia, Brazil , on 13 November 1991 ~Q n"l n ~ (l...,,~ ~ ~ ;n nn ~~ ; rln v Q h l" hvnQrlnv ~J.J.(_.u.,U.J.'-'C1 \U U LI Cl LtJ.J.J. ,",vJ.J.aJ.u,-,J. U UJ.,J U J. VU.U.\". Conservation Matters: Contributions from the Conservation Committee Rearing Mitchell's satyr at the Toledo Zoo - a first step towards eventual re-introduction in secure habitats Peter Tolson, Director of Conservation and Research, The Toledo Zoo 749 Spencer Street, Toledo , OH 43609 [email protected] The Mitchell's satyr, Neonympha m. there are more than 15 sites where the trample the sensitive species around mitchelli, is a critically endangered butterfly is still present. Michigan also you is a character-building experience. butterfly that inhabits sedge-dominated has several additional localities that Raising satyrs in a zoo setting fen communities in Indiana and seem to possess the necessary eliminates some of the messier aspects Michigan. Recently discovered hydrologic conditions and plant of the grunt work while allowing more populations that may be this subspecies community structure to support the control over some of the sensitive inhabit swamps and the margins of Mitchell's satyr, yet the butterflies are variables associated with butterfly beaver ponds in northern Alabama and absent, and it is unknown whether survival and fitness. At the Toledo Zoo, Mississippi (t he taxonomic status of their absence is due to chance or some we decided to concentrate on two these populations is still uncertain) and inherent unsuitability as Mitchell's activities: finding a way to breed valley wetlands in the Virginia satyr habitat. To eliminate guesswork Mitchell's satyrs in captivity and mountains. Another subspecies, the St. from the process of reintroduction testing the suitability of a variety of Francis' satyr (N m. francisci i, occurs planning, any successful attempt at sedges and grasses for use as larval host in North Carolina. Extirpated from reintroduction will depend on an plants. Instead of jumping headlong Ohio, New Jersey, and possibly understanding of which habitat into satyr rearing, we decided to breed Maryland, the nominotypical attributes contribute to the successful and raise a model species related to the subspecies is now the subject of retention or colonization of Mitchell's satyr as first step- this would test our considerable concern and study with an satyr in any given fen. One starting systems to determine their suitability eye towards reintroduction to point we will use in evaluating potential and minimize risk to such a critically historically occupied sites in Indiana habitat is determining the species of endangered species. We used the and Michigan. The effort to recover wetland grasses and sedges that are northern eyed brown, Satyrodes Mitchell's satyr is being led by the U.S. utilized by the larvae as host plants. eurydice, a common inhabitant of the Fish and Wildlife Service's Mitchell's Although Mitchell's satyr is usually same fens used by Mitchell's satyr- and Satyr Working Group- a consortium of found in sedge meadows and fens one that likely uses the same host federal officials, state wildlife agencies, dominated by the tussock sedge, Carex plants. land conservancies such as The Nature stricta, (and some larvae undoubtedly After raising three generations of eyed Conservancy, and Zoos. A boost to feed on C. stricta), several reports browns and several species of sedges we Mitchell's satyr recovery came in 2006, indicate that early-instar larvae of the believed that we were ready to try our when a grant to the Michigan and Mitchell's satyr feed on a variety of luck with the Mitchell's satyrs. We Indiana Departments of Natural grasses and sedges. found that we could breed them easily Resources allowed development of a Finding Mitchell's satyr larvae in the in 100 em x 200 em x 31 em polyethylene Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP) to wild is challenging. Small and cryptic, tubs covered with white poly mesh provide a framework for managing the early instar larvae tend to remain netting. Adults would mate inside the prairie fens for Mitchell's satyr at the base of the host plant, very close enclosures and oviposit on small forbs butterflies. to the surface of the saturated we provided, such as clearweed, Pilea There is an insufficient understanding substrate where humidity is the pumila, and swamp violet, Viola of the specific ecological conditions that highest. Trying to inspect these areas nephrophylla. the Mitchell's satyr needs to survive, in boot-sucking muck, surrounded by Concurrently, with the aid of the but the prospects for recovery of this poison sumac (which offers the only Michigan Natural Features Inventory subspecies seem best in Michigan, where solid hand-hold), while trying not to 42 Summer 2008 Summer 2008 News of the Lepidopter ists' Society .. . I I Fig. 1) Captive mating pair of Mitchell's satyr (Neanympha mitchelli ). Fig. 2) N mitchelli ovae and larvae. Fig 3) Late instar larva on host plant. Fig. 4) N mitchelli pupa. Fig. 5) Rearing cages/oviposition tubs for the reintroduction project. and the Michigan Department of subsequently died. First instar larvae Another problem is that newly-hatched Natural Resources, we collected several seem to prefer r emaining on the larvae do not automatically go to host specie s of potential host plants from the selected host plant until the 3rd instar. plants. Some just wander around on fens of Southern Michigan, grew them By mid August most larvae had the substrate and die . Because we are at the Zoo, then offered them to newly migrated to C. stricta to begin diapause. testing host plant selection, we don't hatched Mitchell's satyr larvae. Carex All in all, things have gone pretty rescue them. stricta was always offered as one of the smoothly with our conservation We have confirmed that 1st instar four plant species available to the breeding efforts, but we have had some Mitchell's satyr larvae will select and larvae, but we've found that they prefer problems- predation of earl y instar feed upon several different grasses and a variety of foods: panic grass (Panicum larvae by miniscule theriid spiders sedges, not all of which can support implicatum ), fowl bluegra ss (Paa being at the top of the list. We check the successful development; in 2008 we will palustris ), and bristlystalked sedge enclosure every day for potential test even more species as we work on (Carex leptalea i, as well as the expected predators, but the spiders are so small unraveling the complex puzzle of the tussock sedges. Some larvae selected and the vegetation so relatively dense Mitchell's satyr life history. spikerush (R hy ncasp ara capillacea ) that it is very difficult to find them all. and rigid sedge (Carex tetanica), but Volume 50, Number 2 43 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Volume 50, Number 2 Two Trips to Taman Ne&ara National Park, Malaysia Steve Fratello 11 First St., W Islip, NY 11795 [email protected] After a hiatus of approximately 20 creamy trunks, are fairly common in (Asplenium sp.) and Stag's Horn Ferns years, I returned to the tropical both alluvial and hill (lower slopes) (Platycerium sp.) , rainforest of the Indo-Australian mixed dipterocarp forests. Other Region, more specifically, my first visits striking vegetative aspects of this Lepidoptera to the great dipterocarp lowland forest rainforest include abundant rattans Most renowned for its giant birdwings of the Malay Peninsula. The Malay and bamboos, the monocot and gargantuan moths: atlas moths, Peninsula, together with Sumatra and Pandanaceae and giant epiphytic ferns. Hercules Moth and others, as in the Borneo, comprise the major part of the Restricted to the Indo-Australian other major tropical rainforest regions, very homogeneous biogeographic area rainforest region, rattans are palm the Indo-Australian rainforests boast a of Neomalaya. lianas and constitute a major lepidoptera fauna of seemingly infi nite Taman Negara Np, Malaysia, which is component of the lowland rainforest variety and unfathomable beauty. What the country's largest conservation area, structure. The rattans are equipped follows is the most cursory protects extensive areas of pristine with sharp barbs that serve a dual introduction to the Neomalaya fauna. lowland and montane rainforest and function: they help in the climb to Like myself, I believe most of our includes peninsular Malaysia's highest higher forest levels by grasping on to members, if they have experience in peak - 7,175 ft Gunung Tahan. I spent the supporting treeis) and also protect tropical rainforests, this would be 20 days at Taman Negara in Jan/Feb the plants against herbivores. predominantly in the Neotropics. With 2007 and in Jan/Feb of 2008, I returned Bambusoid grasses are prevalent and this in mind, this small report is at to Taman Negara for 17 days, this time speciose in the Southeast Asian times comparative in nature accompanied by my girlfriend Danusia, rainforests. In the lowlands, most comparing and contrasting the her first trip to a tropical rainforest. species are indicative of disturbed Malayan lowland butterfly fauna with During both trips, all the time was habitats; in Taman Negara, the natural the Neotropical lowland fauna. spent in the lowlands of both alluvial secondary vegetation found along and hill mixed dipterocarp forest. Parading Papilios, Streaming rivers and large creeks harbors a 'Graphiums' and Giant Birdwings Dipterocarps, Tualang, Rattan, number of bamboos including some Bamboos, Pandanus & No giant species. In my experience in pristine and near pristine Neotropical lowland Bromeliads Strictly Old World in distribution and rainforests, Papilionini or fluted predominantly tropical, Pandanaceae In both Neotropical and Afrotropical swallowtails were, at best, only (screw pines or screw-palms) are very lowland rainforests, Leguminosae is occasional along large creeks and characteristic of the understory of the most dominant family of rainforest rivers, with the very widespread Indo-Australian lowland rainforests. trees. In Southeast Asia and especially Papilio thoas Linnaeus being the most Pandanus, the most important genus, in Neomalaya, the pantropical (very commonly encountered species. Among consists of shrubs and trees; their minor highland Neotropical Papilios, it is a much different story in branched stalks/trunks bearing component) Dipterocarpaceae is the the IndoAustralian region. At Taman terminal strap-like leaves and cone-like most dominant lowland rainforest tree Negara, a parade of Papilio males of fruits. In Taman Negara, I encountered family. Many dipterocarps are forest various species accounted for quite a mostly shrub-sized species, some giants with great-buttressed trunks spectacle along stretches of the stalkless. rising unbranched to rather open gorgeous, small black water Tahan broccoli-shaped crowns. As the almost strictly Neotropical River (Fig. 1, pp. 60) . At times, fairly bromeliads (Bromeliaceae) are such a The largest trees of this forest are not common to common, were P. nephelus striking and characteristic component dipterocarps but the emergent Tualang Boisduval, P. memnon Linnaeus and P. of that region's epiphytic flora, the (Koompassia excelsa - Leguminosae), helenus Linnaeus (and/or P. iswara same is true concerning the large, some growing to the immense height of White); much less frequent was P. massed epiphytic ferns of the Indo approximately 80 meters. At Taman demolion Cramer and seen only a few Australian Region: Bird's Nest Ferns Negara, Tualang, with their striking times was P. polytes Linnaeus, the 44 Summer 2008 Summer 2008 News of the Lepidopterists' Society smallest of the species mentioned. memnon males were locally common were fairly common at times, all three The helenus group consists of black along forest rivers - a complete reversal very similar in general appearance. swallowtails with white markings, most of expected abundance between Seen once was the gorgeous, yellow species quite to very similar. The Batesian model and mimic. In Eliot et green spotted Tailed Jay, G. Malayan race of the Black and White al (1978) , it is stated, with the agamemnon Linnaeus and though I Helen (P. n. sunatus Corbet), along with increasing cultivation of the hostplant didn't see the scintillating, deep aqua some other races, are easy to recognize Citrus, P. memnon "has become a fairly Commom Bluebottle, G. sarpedon even when flying, as they possess a common butterfly of gardens and Linnaeus, they should be common in band of white forewing marks that most cultivation". I seriously do ubt this season along the rivers. other species in the group lack. The situation would impact on the Unlike their Neotropical counterparts Neomalayan P. iswara is the giant of abundance of P. memnon males in the Mimoides, which I have found to be the group and based on size alone habitat I encountered the species, very rare, two species of the mimetic without seeing the telltale field marks: namely, forested rivers deep within a Paranticopsis: P. delessertii Guerin and I strongly believe I saw both this species vast tract of primeval forest. P ramaceus West wood (Fig. 4) were and the much more widespread, smaller Why and how have evolutionary forces common to abundant along the forested Red He len (P. helenus). shape d t his swallowtail species' a nd r iver s. Eliot et al's statement t hat P The remarkable Great Mormon (P other species' male facies so, whi le ramaceus "is an uncomm on forest memnon) is famous for its mimetic and others of their clan remain non-mimetic species" certainly does not account for polymorphic females, some tailed and in facies while coupled with stunni ng the season, habitat and numbers that I some tailless even in the same localities. female mimics? And with the above encountered. With these numbers and On the Malay Peninsula, the models are stated ecology, do P. memnon males and their rapid flight (maybe a tad slower all Atrophaneura (tr oidines) species. I others of similar ecology derive than P antiphates), while active, the didn't knowingly see any P memnon protective resemblance benefit while males could never be considered females but did see one of the models, feeding or resting? Batesian mimics of their Da na in e A. coon Fabricius, a good many times Certainly a very good mimic, both in models. As in P memnon, it seems the - a classic example of Batesian mimicry. appearance and flight manner, is the females are the predominant mimics; as female form polytes Linnaeus (Fig. 2, for the Malayan Zebra (P. delessertii ), The large, strikingly beautiful male is "In its slow fluttering flight the deep, deep blue and black with a dusting pp. 60 ) of the Common Mormon (P polytes romulus Cramer); outside of exceedingly scarce female resembles of lighter blue along the veins on the Ideopsis gaura" (E liot et al ). P dorsum and the venter has some bright India and Sri Lanka, this race has one other female form, the non-mimetic delesserti males, when alive, have the red marks. The author(s ) of the palest blue sheen on their wings' dorsal impressive "The Bu t t er fl ies of the form cyrus F., which greatly resembles males. Photographed along the river's surface, especially noticeable when they Malay Peninsula, Third Edition" (1978 ) are flying. point to a probable mimetic relationship edge, I may have seen a couple of others between male P memnon and in riverine forest or/and its model, the A highlight of these two trips was the Atrophaneura nox Swainson and troidine Pachlioptera aristolochiae congregations of 'Grap hi ums' at ur ine Atrophaneura uaruna White. Though P. Fabrici us. soaked sediments along the small forest memnon is quite a bit larger than these In the Neotropics, I have encountered rivers, especially the Tahan. Hoped for two species, in general appearance, the a fair number of Leptocircini Eurytides but not seen were the small, similarity of P. memnon to them makes in season but nowhere near the fantastically shaped Leptocircini, the this theory plausible. Though plausible bonanza of their Old World Green Dragontail (Lamproptera meges and with great respect to the authors counterparts, multitudes of Zinken) and the much more rare, White experience, knowledge and magnificent 'Graphiums' along large streams and Dragontail (L. curius Fabricius). volume, some serious anomalies rivers in Oriental Region rainforests. In Neotropical lowland rainforests, present themselves concerning this The swift flying Fivebar Swordtail, troidines are represented by the speciose theory. Pathysa antiphates Cramer (F ig. 3), understory Parides and much less P memnon males have a fairly rapid, was common to abundant along the speciose, higher-flying Battus. Their erratic flight manner and if mimetic on rivers, looking very much like a pierid IndoAustralian rainforest cousins are the wing, should exhibit the slow, while on the wing. Even faster and more the glorious birdwings and their leisurely flight to be expected (I didn't erratic in flight are the mostly tailless smaller relatives, Atrophaneura and see A. nox, A . uaruna would be at Graphium;as a trio, three species of the Pachlioptera, most members of both higher elevations) of their models. And aquamarine G. eurypylus Linnaeus these genera still quite a bit larger than what of ab undance? As stated above, I group: G. eurypalus (Front Cover), G. most of their New World relatives. didn't see a single A. nox and P doson Felder and G. euemon Boisduval Three, possibly four, birdwings occur in Volume 50, Number 2 45 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Volume 50, Number 2 Taman Negara's lowlands: Rajah one would expect to see numbers of both Dismorphiines are predominantly Brooke's Birdwing (T rog noptera The Chocolate Albatross (A. lyncida Neotropical, none are found in the brookiana Wallace) and the Troides Cramer) and The Orange Albatross (A. Indo-Australian rainforests. All the species, T. amphrysus, T. helena , The nero Fabricius), which are common aforementioned pierids are Pierinae, so Common Birdwing, and possibly T. species, plus a few other species. rich in all the major tropical rainforest aeacus Felder. Easily vying for the title Disappointing to say the least, the regions. Seasonally, immense numbers of the Oriental Region's most flaming red-orange A . nero was of Coliadinae: Aphrissa, Phoebis and spectacular butterfly, I didn't see any conspicuous in its absence - I did not Rhabdodryas, ply river and creek Rajah Brooke's Birdwings on these two see one; Eliot et al state "They are most courses in Neotropical lowland trips; this is probably due to seasonality in evidence from March to June,...". rainforests. I don't know if their Old and/or not being high enough in the hill On the second visit, a white Appias World counterparts Catopsilia (three forest along rivers. species, probably Appias paulina species in Malaya), also seasonally I saw Troides a number of times, Cramer, was seen twice feeding along a abundant and migrat ory, utilize the mostly giant T. amphrysus females forested river and once feeding along a same habitats. I may have seen a few along forested river edges and once or very tiny forest stream. Catopsilia flyi ng t hrough/over forest twice in large forest light gaps. In the A very beautiful sight is seeing the light gaps. late afternoon, I saw what I believe was swift, very pale blue males of The In my ex perience concerning a male T. amphrysus, feeding at a Wanderer, Pareronia valeria Cramer, Neo tropical lowland rainforests, riverside shrub flower. Contrary to its course along the edges of forested Eurema and their close relatives appellation, The Common Birdwing, I rivers, flying usually at the upper Pyrisitia have been absent to very scant mayor may not have seen this species. understory/middle story level. I hardly in almost all the many localities I Seen more often then Troides was the witnessed any alight, except on a few explored. Along the forested rivers in extraordinarily exotic Common occasions, when they sought flower Taman Negara, small coliadine Grass Clubtail, A. coon, both along forested nectar. Males were fairly common at Yellows (E urem a ) were common to rivers and in forest light gaps. times and if I did see a female, I would abundant, especially one species, E. Possessing the leisurely flight expected have been unaware, as they are very simulatrix Staudinger (Fig. 5). Among of poisonous, aposematic species, its good mimics, flight manner included, of many congregations of this species, I exaggerated papilionid flight manner is the Danaine, Parantica aspasia. definitely discerned at least one other incredible to behold - it seems the One of the greatest of butterfly genera smaller Eurema species. At odds with hindwings are held almost motionless is Delias, the Jezebels, numbering well Eliot et al's statement that males never and the forewings beat ever so slowly. over 150 species and ranging from Sri congregate along forest watercourses, On the last day of the second trip, a Lanka to southeastern Australia and The Tree Yellow (Gandaca harina couple of presumed males were seen New Caledonia. Their center of Horsfield) (Fig. 6) would sometimes patrolling a forest light gap, upper diversity is the mountains of New join fee ding Eurem a on forest understory level, from approximately 5 Guinea and the 10 Malaysian species riverbanks. Besides fre que nting forest 6 P.M., encounters between them are predominantly residents of montane river edge, both G. harina and Eurema resulting in more rapid flight. forests. The Painted Jezebel, D . were found in forest light gaps, with the former more common in this habitat A Great Orange Tip, A Flaming hyparete Linnaeus, is found in the lowlands to approximately 4,000 ft and and usually flying higher. Appias, A Blue White, A Lowland its appearance is typical of the genus, I believe I saw the small, weak flying Jezebel and Grass & Tree Yellows being predominantly white dorsally Psyche, Leptosia nina Fabricius, once, Both the largest pierid in the Oriental with patches of bright color ventrally, in riverine forest and possibly, The Region and one of the world's largest D. hyparete with bright yellow and red . Forest White, Phrissura aegis Felder, a is Hebomoia glaucippe Linnaeus, The Seen occasionally and most frequently few times, along forested river edge. Not Great Orange Tip. Outside of the at middle story level along forested knowingly seen were Saletara liberia possibility that I saw one flying rapidly river edges, these aposematic butterflies Cramer, Ixias pyrene Linnaeus and the over a ridge-top light gap, I did not see fly rather slowly but that was not the two Cepora species that should be the species. I was hoping/expecting to case when I observed many dashing resident in Taman Negara: C. iudith see at least a few along forest rivers but species in montane New Guinea. What Fabricius and C. nadina Lucas. With Eliot et al's statement, "The butterfly I first believed were fast flying D . these and other expected pierids absent is most evident in May and June", could hyparete could actually have been or scarce, there must be a better pierid be the prime reason for no encounters. another large pierid, the somewhat season(s) than the J anlFeb season of my similar Redspot Sawtooth, Prioneris visits. Seasonality was most definitely a factor philonome Boisduval. in why I saw so few Appias; in season, 46 Summer 2008 Summer 2008 News of the Lepidopterists' Society To be Continued Announcement Planned reports with associated photos The 2nd Asian Lepidoptera are to follow - Part 2 will include Conservation Symposium 2008 Nymphalidae and Riodinidae and Part 3 will include Lycaenidae, Hesperidae, We are cordially inviting you to the 2nd Asian Lepidoptera Conservation Moths and a summation on Taman Symposium (ALCS) which will be held in the sunny and beautiful tropical Island Negara. of Penang, Malaysia from 24th to 28th November 2008. This forthcoming symposium aims to review the conservation status of butterflies and moths in Author's notes: solely for simplicity's the region and addressing the challenges faced by Lepidopterists. sake and with no disrespect to later revisionary works, nomenclature in With the theme of ' Conservation of Lepidoptera through Education and this report follows Eliot et al. Also for Researchi, the symposium will provide the latest findings and research work of simplicity's sake, subspecific trinomials top experts in the Lepidoptera industry with the focus on the following core are only used in a few cases where I wish themes: to make a specific point concerning the Identifying the Asian Lepidoptera status and its needs Malayan race. All photos were taken Lepidoptera Rese arch and Info Sharing with a Canon Powershot S3 IS in Education towards Lepidoptera Con servation natural light. Global /Asian Lepidopteran Trend Collections Researched The following are our key speakers and speakers: American Museum of Natural History, Key Speakers New York . Dr. Jeremy D. Holloway (T he Natural Hi story Museum, London, UK) References Dr. Peggie Djunijanti (Museum Zoologi, Bogor, Indonesia) Dr. Isaac Kehimkar (General Manager, Bombay Natural History Society, India) Collins, M. Ed . 1990. Th e Last Rain Forest s, A Dr. Daniel, Bexell-Ayyachamy (Zoo Outreach Organisation, India) World Conservation Atlas. New York: Oxford Univer sity Press . Speakers Corbet , A. & Pendl ebu ry, H., Revised by Eliot, J . 19 78. The Butterflies of the Malay Prof. Li Hou Hun (College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, China) Peninsul a, Third Edition. Kual a Lumpur: Dr. Laurence G. Kirton (FRIM, Malaysia ) Malayan Nature Society. Dr. Kodi Isparan Kandasamy (Senior Scientist, FRIM, Malaysia) D'Abrera, B. 1982. Butterflie s of th e Oriental Region , Part I. Victoria: Hill House. Dr. Henry Barlow (Member of IUCN/SSC ; Lepidopterist) Heywood, V. Ed . 1993. Flowering Plants of th e Dr. Roger C. Kendrick (Senior Conservation Officer, Kadoorie Farm & Botanic World. New York: Oxford University Press. Garden, Hong Kong) Lewi s, H . 19 73. Butterflies of the World. Dr. Vietor Wu Yun (Ku nming Expo, Yunnan, China) Chicago: Follett Pub. Co. Acknowledgements Mr Kazuo Unno (Int er nati onal Entomology Photographer, Entomologist, Japan) Thanks to my gi rlfriend Dan usia for being Mr Simon Chen (Chairman of Butterfly Group, Nature Society Of Singapore) such a great partner on th e second trip to Mr Gan CW (Vice Chairman of Butterfly Group, Nature Society Of Singapore) Tam an N egara . Thanks to my fri end Holly Gordon for her most welcome computer help Ms Wu I Hsin (Curator, Animal Department, Taipei Zoo, Taiwan) with my digital photos. Thanks to th e Other highlights of the symposium programme include: enth us iasts , collec tors an d autho rs who se hard work provided me with the broad general Close to Nature & Conservation Related Excursions: kn owledge to have a fair kn owledge of this - Penang Butterfly Farm's Breeding Facilities region 's butterfly fauna; amo ng au th ors, Penang National Park (habit at of 50 + species of butterflies) espec ially Bernard D 'A brera for hi s _ Matang Mangrove Forest Reserve (one of the world's best managed mangrove magn ificent pictorial Oriental Region volumes and A. Corbet, H. Pendlebury and J. Eliot for forests) th eir excelle nt natural hi story volume. For - Taiping Zoo & Taiping Lake Garden an other opp ortunity and privil eg e to be - Georgetown City Heritage Tour (UNESCO World Her it age Site) immersed in the most utter sublimity, I thank Largest networking session in 2008 with international experts of the our Great God. Lepidoptera scene A concurrent ' Butterfly Awareness Conservation Weeki campaign held at Penang Butterfly Farm To obtain more information or register for the symposium, please visit our website at http://www.butterfly-insect.com/alcs2008/ . Volume 50, Number 2 47 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Volume 50, Number 2 The Marketplace IMPORTANT NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS: If the number following your advertisement is"494" then you must renewyour advertisement before the next issue! Remember that all revisions are required in writing. BooksNideos Simon and Schuster's Guide to Please write or email for a list wit h Insections, Arnett and Jacques; prices. Stephen Miller, 7277 Oat Hills For Sale: Collection of twelve D'Abrera Discovering the Butterflies of Lassen Lane, Browns Valley, CA 95918-9603; butterfly books in pristine condition Volcanic NationalPark, Crabtree; A [email protected] 494 with beautiful dust covers. Titles Golden Guide to Familiar Butterflies include: Butterflies of the... Afrotropical Aurelian Books of London, England Caterpillars Chrysalides, Moucha, A Region (1980); Australian Region specialises in selling secondhand, out of Golden Guide Orchids, Shuttleworth, (1971); Oriental Region (pt 1, 1982), (pt print and antiquarian books and prints Zim and Dillon; Lower Animals, Wells; 2, 1985)(pt 3, 1986); Neotropical about butterflies and moths. Visit their The Year of the Butterfly, Ordish; Region (pt 1, 1981),(pt 2, 1984),(pt 3, website at www.aurelianbooks.co.uk . Fremontia Journal of the California 1987 ),(pt 4, 1987 ),(pt 5, 1988 ), (pt 6, Proprietor David Dunbar welcomes Native Plant Society Special Issue, 1994),(pt 7, 1995). For specific enquiries and correspondence for your July-October 2001; An Introduction to information, contact lepidopterist, Eli wants and further information about the Study of Insects, 6'th edition, Berry, at 231-947-1152 or 7012 Aurelian Books at 31 Llanvanor Road, Borror, Triplehorn and Johnson; The Henderson Drive, Traverse City, MI Childs Hill, Londo n NW2 2AR UK Tel.: American Wilderness/Time-Life Books, 49686. G4 00-44208455 9612. 504 The Grand Canyon and The Badlands; For sale: Book by David W MacDougall The Moths of America North of Mexico, New Issues ofPapilio (New Series):#18, A Field Guide to the Karner Blue fascicle 5.1 , Sessioidea; Eichlin and Geographic variation and new taxa of Butterfly. 2007 . $8 postpaid in US Send Duckworth; fascicle 18.1, Ferguson; western N.A. butterflies, es pecially checks to: ECOS, PO Box 9118, Butterflies of the Neotropical Region, from Colorado. By J ames Scott and Niskayuna, NY 12309. Signed copies part II, Danaidae, Ithomiidae, Mike Fisher, some parts by David available on request, no charge. 503 Heliconiidae, Morphidae; D'Abrera. Wright, Stephen Spomer, Norbert Kondla, Todd Stout, Matthew Garhart For Sale: Natural history books. Contact: Alvin Ludtke, 916-344-1626, and Gary Marrone. 72 p., 4 color plates, Condition ranges from new to [email protected] 503 $9 . # 19, Corrections/reviews of 58 somewhat worn, ask for specifics. Some For Sale: A small selection of books in North American butterfly books. J. paperback, some hardcover. Selling for very good to mint condition dealing Scott. 127 p., $8. # 20, Bio logical half their retail value. Ask for prices. with the Saturniidae and Papilionidae. 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A individual I have from Oregon and 20 , $21; #1-20 $89 , postpaid in U.S. plywood platform is suspended with eye individuals from Eastern Canada or the James Scott, 60 Estes St., Lakewood, bolts and S hooks. Flat bottom has a Northeastern U.S. Looking for Colorado 80226-1254 USA 504 3/16 inch thick plastic bottom that will someone who can supply me with either For sale: The Butterflies of Venezu ela not wrap or crack. Bait container is held eggs or first ins tar larvae this summer Part 2 - just published! Price GBP £110 in place by a retainer. For more from a location in Northeastern North (+ postage and packing at cost ). Please information, visit our web site at: America. All shipping expenses would order from the author/publisher, www.leptraps.com . or contact Leroy C. be reimbursed. Ken Strothkamp, Andrew Neild (email: Koehn, Leptraps LLC, 802 South Third kgs @lclark.edu 503 [email protected], Street, Watseka, IL 60970-1607: Tel : phone: + 44 (0)20 8882 8324 , or post: 8 815-515-4060 494 Old Park Ridings, London N21 2EU, Specimens Cercyonis pegala United Kingdom). 1451 figures on 84 Continued from pp. 52 colour plates display all 196 species (355 Wanted: Will pay cash for Dynastes subspecies) of Venezuelan Acraeinae, hercules (17-18cm) Titanus giganteus (l7-18cm) Goliathus (11-12 em ). Ithomiinae, Libytheinae, Morphinae, Literature Cited Yoshiaki Furumi, 97-71 Komizo, and Nymphalinae. 8 new species, 91 Austin G. T. 1997. Cercyonis pegala (Fabricius) Iwatsuki-Shi, Saitama-Ken 339-0003 new subspecies, 4 neotypes, 10 (Nympha lidae: Satyrinae) in the Great Basin : Japan 503 lectotypes, 272 text pages, 84 colour news subspecies and biogeography. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum, 135: 1-59. plates, 31 figures, 2 tables, 4 maps. Brakefield P. M., J. Gates, D. Keys, F. Kesbeke , Laminated hardback, 22 x 30 em . For Sale or Trade: Assorted worldwide P. J . Wijngaarden, A. Montei r o, Det ails and sample plates: Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. Local V French & S. B. Ca r r oll. 1996. www.thebutterfliesofvenezuela.com specimens are personally collected with Development, plasticity and evo lution of butterfly eyespot patterns. Nature 384, 236 Livestock detailed data. Will consider trades for - 242. beetles, including Lucanids and Brakefield, P. M, and T. B. Larsen . 1984. The Wanted: A culture of the Buckeye Scarabs. U.S . sales/trades only. evolut ionary significa nce of dry and wet butterfly, Junonia coenia. Contact: Contact: Edward J. Komperda III . 111 season forms in some tropical butterflies. Biological Journ al of the Linnean Society , Carlos White, P. O. Box 1535 , Shafter, Crestmont Road, Greene, New York 22: 1-12. CA 93263 white [email protected] 494 13778 . Phone: 607-656-6588 Website: Emmel, T. C. 1969. Taxonomy, distribution and Wanted: Contact with someone who www.bigedsbugs.tripod.com biology of the genus Cercyonis (Saty ridae). I Cha racteristics of the genus. J. Lep. Soc., knows how I can get artificial hosts for 23(3): 165-175. caterpillars out of the normal breeding Research Emmel, T.C. and J. F. Emmel. 1969 . A new season, such as Saturnids that emerge subs pecies in the Cercyonis mead i group Delano S. Lewis (PhD candidate) and (Satyridae) , J. Lep. Soc., 23(3): 161-164 . during the cold season. Ken Knight Dr. Charles V. Covell Jr. seek to borrow, Emmel J. F., T.C. Emmel and K. Davenport. 1022 Widdicomb N. W , Grand Rapids, purchase or exchange for specimens of 2008. A news subspecies of Cercyonis pegala MI 49504 or call 616-459-4598 . 494 yellow-and-black, diurnal, neotropical (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Satyridae) fro m the sou t her n Sierra Nevada of Ca lifo r nia. geometrid moths (St er r h inae, Equipment Bulletin of the Allyn Mus eum , 157: 1-5. Cyllopodini) for revisionary study. Sourak ov A., 1995. Syst ematics, evolutionary Light Traps: 12 VDC or 120 VAC with These mimetic moths are often mixed biology a n d population genetics of t he with similarlly colored members of Cercy on is pegal a gr oup (Le p ido ptera: 18 inch vanes (15 & 32 Watt) and 24 Nymphalidae: Satyrina e). Holarctic inch (40 Watt). Rigid vanes of Stainless other moth families in collections, such Lepidoptera, 2(1): 1-21. Steel, Aluminum, or Plexiglass. Rain as Notodontidae (Diopt in ae) and Drains and beetle screens to protect Arctiidae. Many thanks. Please contact specimens from damage. Collectin g us at [email protected] or covell Light: Fluorescent UV 15 , 32 & 40 @louisville. ed u McGuire Center for Watt. Units are designed with the Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, FLMNH, ballast enclosed in a weather tight cast Hull Rd . at SW 34th St., Gainesville, aluminum enclosure. Mercury Vapor: FL, 32611-2710. 503 160 & 250 Watt self ballast mercury Ken Strothkamp, a biochemist at Lewis vapor with medium base mounts. Light & Clark College in Portland, Oregon weight and ideal for trips out of the currently conducting a research project country. Bait Traps: 15 inch diameter on Lophocampa maculata, the spotted and 36 inches in height with a rain cloth tussock moth. Working on a series of top, nylon coated fiberglass screen, and comparative studies between the Volume 50, Number 2 49 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Volume 50, Number 2 The Lepidoptera Research Foundation Announces Award Pro~ram For Student Research Cfrants Initiation Evaluation In July 2005 the Lepidoptera Research Foundation An international panel of professionals will evaluate all established an award program to provide funding for proposals. Should the total of meritorious proposals exceed students worldwide to support their study projects. The funding available, grant amounts may be proportionately initiative was inspired by the high quality of work presented reduced to distribute some funding to all acceptable by young lepidopterists at the first ELEN meeting in Brasil submissions. as well as the enthusiasm exhibited by the hundred or so Reports students in attendance. Recognition of the difficulty for funding among students of the less developed nations was A brief final report will be expected from all awardees. This an emphatic issue. should include reprints of published papers or copies of accepted manuscripts (both in pdfformat), where applicable. Level of support Reports are mandatory for those applying for follow-on The 2005 program awarded $5000 to 10 of 11 applicants. funding. Because the current financial situation of the Foundation Submission is strong, the board has made the decision to allocate $10,000 Applications are now accepted and will be open until October annually for it's grant program to students at all academic 31, 2008. They should be transmitted to Rudi Mattoni levels engaged in studies of Lepidoptera. The grants should [email protected] until further notice. not exceed $1000 each with applicants in non-wealthy countries given highest priority. Consideration will be given We believe this program will have significant impact on the also to applicants with special hardships in wealthy future development of the study of Lepidoptera. We strongly countries. feel there is no better way to use our funding resources. We will further actively seek expanded membership and Eligibility contributions to expand the awards program. Applicants must be enrolled students at accredited Further Annoucements Universities or Colleges. There is no age limit. Preference is for graduate level research, but is not restricted to 1) The foundation will be directed by a four person board graduate level. Post-doctoral research is not included. that includes Konrad Fiedler (D. Vienna), Dan Rubinoff (D. Hawaii), Jeremiah George (D. California/Riverside), and Application Rudi Mattoni. Applicants must submit a maximum 500 word description 2) The foundation will continue to provide a venue for of their project, including a description of its significance. publication of special monographic works through the Where appropriate there must be a clear statement of Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera. The acting editor hypothesis to be tested. A separate literature citation should is Rudi Mattoni, The executive editor is Nancy Vannucci. be appended. A brief vita, stating academic status and at They may be contacted at: [email protected] least one letter of recommendation (from a scientist affiliated with the academic institution where the applicants are 3) We welcome your membership in the foundation. This will enrolled) must be included. There must be a clear and concise not only support the JRL, but also assure continuation of a budget plan. The entire submission will be electronic, strong awards program. Note that all past JRL issues are preferably as a Word Document in 12 point Times Roman available on - click on contents for access to our 5000 page type, right margin not justified. archive as pdf files. Data on the foundation organization is not up -to-date. Scope 4) To receive an application email Any aspect of research concerning Lepidoptera is suitable. [email protected] . Note we are planning our own Evolutionary and conservation aspects should be website to provide all pertinent information in one place. emphasized, as we recognize "natural history" approaches 5) All business matters relating to the Journal, as valuable in the politically popular molecular biology of subscriptions, billings, mailing, etc. are being managed by today. Strong statistical backgrounds will be rewarded. Bioquip Products, Inc. , 2321 Gladwick St. Rancho Dominguez, CA 90220, USA, 50 Summer 2008 Summer 2008 News of the Lepidopterists' Society First Arctic Alaskan Collections of Compton Tortoiseshell (Roddia vaualbum) Made in November 1007 Jordan S . Metzgar PO. Box 80382, Fairbanks, AK 99708, [email protected] Shortly after moving to the remote 700 F (210 C), but can rise above 80 0 F miles southeast of Fairbanks; Smetzer Arctic village of Fort Yukon, Alaska, I (270 C) when the woodstove is in use. 2008; Fig. 4, pp. 56). collected nine specimens of the Most homes in the area store firewood This species has spread north rapidly Compton Tortoiseshell (R odd ia outside, so I have been unsuccessful in through Alaska over the last five years, uaualbum; synonym Nymphalis finding other reports of winter butterfly with the first sighting north of the uaualbum j-album, Nymphalidae) on sightings in town. Alaska Range coming in 2002 (Rozell November 20, 2007. Given the Fort Yukon is a small village accessible 2003 ; Fig. 4). Within three years of this maximum outdoor temperature of 140 only by river or air, and is 8 miles north sighting the Compton Tortoiseshell had F (-l0° C) that day, I was not expecting 0 0 of the Arctic Circle (66 33' 57" N, 145 been spotted above the Arctic Circle at to see butterflies, and was startled 14' 19" W; Fig. 4). It is located in the Grayling Lake (see above) and had when I discovered a Compton Yukon Flats, a large expanse of taiga become abundant in the Fairbanks area Tortoiseshell crawling across the floor dominated rolling hills and wetlands (K. Philip in Smetzer 2008 ; Fig. 4). It of my office building's lobby (Fig. 1, pp. 150 miles northeast of Fairbanks, is possible that the species was 57 ). A thorough search of the room Alaska. Black spruce is the dominant previously present but uncollected in revealed eight additional butterflies tree, although cottonwood and aspen the Alaskan interior, or that we are (Fig. 2; Fig. 3, pp. 57 ) on a drafty (genu s Populus, Salicaceae), alder observing a periodic oscillation of its windowsill and by the front door. Some (genus Alnus, Betulaceae), and birch range. However, it is also plausible that of them were already dead, although (genu s Betula, Betulaceae) are also this butterfly is extending its range several seemingly deceased specimens present. northward as a result of global revived when placed in a warmer warming, which has had a location. Although this is the only Arctic Alaskan collection of the Compton Tortoiseshell, disproportionately strong impact in the I believe the butterflies were over it is not the northernmost sighting of Arctic (Hassol 2004) and has been wintering in dead trees and emerged this taxon in Alaska. Two reports are implicated in changes in numerous prematurely when these trees were known from t aiga habitats along the species' natural history (Root et al. harvested and placed in the heated lobby Dalton Highway in Alaska (K. Philip, 2003) and in the spread of warm as firewood. The local practice is to fell pers. comm.): one photographed in 2005 weather species to previously colder dead black spruce (Picea mariana, at the Grayling Lake wayside parking habitats (Truong et al. 2007 ). If so, its Pinaceae) trees for indoor heating. A lot (660 57' 31" N, 150023' 35" W), and spread would demonstrate the ability of large pile of these logs was present in another observed in Wiseman (670 24' a sub-Arctic taxon to cover large the lobby at the time of the discovery 36 "N, 150 0 6' 28.8" W). However, the distances with great speed to colonize (Fig. 1, pp. 57). Although my two-story, northernmost North American a rapidly warming Arctic. 20-year-old office building is made of sp ecimen is a 1996 collection from a Movements of this butterfly are only logs, it is unlikely that the Compton tundra fellfield habitat at the western vaguely known. Periodic massed Tortoiseshells were over-wintering in base of the Richardson Mountains migrations of adult Compton the walls, as I only located specimens along the Dempster Highway in Tortoiseshells have been reported at near the firewood. My coworkers Canada's Northwest Territories (660 37' lower latitudes in eastern North estimated that the wood was supplied 48" N, 136 0 17' 00" W; K. Philip, pers. America (coast al Massachusetts, around the beginning of October, and com m .). A brief warm spell in mid Scudder 1889:386; and Catskill was harvested 15-20 miles (24-32 km) February 2008 also produced an Mountains, New York, R. Dirig, pers. northeast of town on the "Wood Road ," additional mid-winter sighting of a com m .). The current irruption of a dead-end dirt road used to access the single Compton Tortoiseshell in Delta Compton Tortoiseshells in interior village's firewood. Temperatures at the Junction, Alaska (approximately 100 lobby's woodpile usually hover around Continued on pp . 56 Volume 50, Number 2 51 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Volume 50, Number 2 Artificial hybridization and natural sUbs~eciatlon in Cerc,onis pegala (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) Andrei Sourakov McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum ofNatural History, University ofFlorida, Gainesville, FL 32611, [email protected] Key w ords: hybridization, hybrid, C. meadi (Edwards), that exhibit from southern California, which is speciation, subspecies, wing pattern. phenotypic plasticity similar to that of characterized by "pale grayish To paraphrase Voltaire, if subspecies did C.pegala (e. g., Emmel & Emmel, 1969). underside" and by "more prominent not exist, it would be necessary for man To answer this question, I reared forewing eyespots," which are made to invent them. There is no other specimens from eggs from Colorado and such by wide black and yellow rings butterfly species occurring in the U.S. Ohio stocks under similar conditions (Emmel, et al., 2008). It is possible that that has stimulated invention of (see Sourakov, 1995 for details). Here, the degree to which the yellow subspecies more than the Common for the first time, I illustrate the Fl coloration was expressed in F2 females Wood Nymph, Cercyonis pegala specimens reared from the same batch could have been increased by choosing (Fabricius). Although all C. pegala for both populations (Fig. IF-I) and the a different parental Fl female, making populations are equal, none of them are F2-hybrids between the two populations the hybrids even more similar to the the same. In fact, it is true even on the (Fig. IF-2). new Californian subspecies. individual level: so variable are the Fl specimens fell phenotypically within Gene flow between subspecies of C. phenotypes even within a local popula the variation range of their parental pegala, and introgression of genes from tion, that "the assignment of existing populations, in which the males are other Cercyonis species, were pre names to these populations has been much more likely to exhibit eyespots on viously suggested to contribute to the inconsistent and usually incorrect" their hind wings than females. The evolution of new, phenotypically (Austin, 1992 ). Austin was the first to extent of yellow coloration on the distinct C. pegala populations (Emmel, interpret taxonomically the variation forewing in the Ohio parental 1969). With gene flow being reduced by found within and between local population was variable: from a thin habitat fragmentation, with time we populations using a statistical rather yellow ring surrounding the eyespot should see an increase in the number than a typological approach, but limited (similar to that of Colorado specimens) of distinctive local populations as his treatment to the Great Basin in the to a large yellow patch occupying "evolution of eyespot pattern can occur western United States, where roughly 1/3 of the forewing. This rapidly ... and requires only single or populations are well isolated. particular population is located in a very few, changes in regulatory genes" Fig. IP illustrates typical examples hybrid zone, where the more northern (Brakefield et al., 1996). More im from populations even more geo dark form of C. pegala (known as portantly for the survival of the species, graphically distant than those of the nephele) meets the yellow-patch each such population will bear not only Great Basin. The climates of Ohio, bearing form (known as alope) found visible (wing pattern), but also Colorado, and northern California from throughout southeastern United numerous physiological characteristics, where these three specimens are taken States. Two Fl males reared from the such as cold tolerance, host plant are so different, that posing the same egg batch with different degrees specificity, disease and parasite question of how much of this variation of expression of the latter character are resistance. Conservation of as many of might be environmentally induced is illustrated here. such fragmented populations as possible will allow preservation of the not unreasonable. After all, there are Hybridization between Ohio female many known seasonal forms in remarkable diversity exhibited by this (non-yellow-pat ch bearing) and uniquely variable and adaptable species. satyrines (e . g. , Bicyclus anynana Colorado male resulted in two similar (Butler» in the tropics, which are female specimens, which are phenotypic Acknowledgements induced through the hormone-mediated intermediates of the two parental I would like to thank George Austin and Keith responses to the environment (e. g., populations (Fig. 2F-2) . The hybrid Willmott for proofreading this note and Brakefield and Larsen, 1984), and there specimens are more similar to the offering helpful suggestions. exist other Cercyonis species, such as recently described C. p. australosierra Continued on pp . 49 52 Summer 2008 Summer 2008 News of the Lepidopterists' Society p / Wild C. pegala, San Francisco, Wild C. pegala, Mesa Co., Colorado Wild C. pegala, Lucas Co., Ohio California Fl - Captive-bred fema le (above) and FI - Captive-bred female two males (right) from Colorado stock. (left) and two males Males are from the same egg batch . (above) from Ohio stock. Males are raised from Fl same egg batch. Hybridization between captive-bred Ohio fema le and Colorado ma le. F2 F2-females resulting from crossing Ohio female with Colorado male exhibit phenotypes known from west-coast populations. Volume 50, Nu mber 2 53 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Volume 50, Number 2 York, Matthew W.: P.O. Box 17364, Membership Update••• San Diego, CA 92177-7364. Address Changes Julian Donahue (all U.S.A. unless noted otherwise) Deutsch, Barbara: P.O. Box 203, This update includes all changes Bell, Elizabeth A.: [address omitted Point Reyes Station, CA 94956-0203. received by 6 August 2008. by request] Dievendorf, J err y : 160 Hudson "Lost" Members: Daniels, Emily Y. : 2732 Verano Place, Avenue, Delmar, NY 12054-1029. Irvine, CA 92617-3131. Publications returned:"temporarily Oliver, Jeff: 70 Mechanic Street, #1, away, " "moved,""left no address," or D'Alessandro, Juan Carlos: New Haven, CT 06511-2634. "addressee unknown": Barragan 688, 1408 Buenos Aires, Argentina. Patton, Charles D. : 6045 Lexington Hisashi, Dr. Fujii (Kyoto, Japan) Park, Orlando, FL 32819-4433. Dowhower, Dallas D.: 428 North 6th Nunnallee, Dave (Sammamish, WA) Avenue, Lebanon, PA 17046-4064. Prudic, Katy: 70 Mechanic Street, #1, Piot, Debra (Sedgwick, ME , New Haven, CT 06511-2634. Hassell, Clifford H.: 9413 East "temporarily away") Leavenworth Road, Leavenworth, WA Rota, Jadranka: Dept. of Entomology, New and Reinstated Members: 98826-9358. Smithsonian Institution, NMNH, MRC 105, P.O. Box 37012, Washington, DC members who have joined/renewed/ Kanazawa, Itaru: Osaka Museum of 20013-7012. been found/or rescinded their request to Natural History, Nagai Park 1-23, Schappert, P hillip J. (Ph.D.): 27 be omitted since publication of the 2006 Higashi-sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 546 Clovis Avenue, Halifax, Nova Scotia Membership Directory (not included in 0034, Japan. B3P 1J3, Canada. the 2006 Membership Directory; all in Lyttle, Randy \v.: 9881 Briggs Road U.S.A. unless noted otherwise) Ext., North Rose , NY 14516-9601. Taylor, Milton D. (Ph.D.): 130 Pecan Bluff Drive, Watkinsville, GA 30677 Anderson, Rachel (Ms.): 5/539 Main Meade, Daniel E. (Ph.D.): 1875 6064. Road, Montrose, Tasmania 7010, Wellsona Road, Paso Robles, CA 93446 Australia. 8521. Veverka, J oe: 3100 Ellis Street, Apt. 27, Stevens Point, WI 54481-3278. B a r ton , Madeleine (Ms.): 10 Sourak ov, Andrei (Ph.D.): [address Rotherwood Street, Richmond, Victoria omitted by request] 3121 , Australia. Metamorphosis••• The Society has learned of the death of the following members. Our condolences to their families. Inoue, Hiroshi (Prof. Dr.) of Iruma City, Japan, on 2 June 2008 at the age of 90. Dr. Inoue, who was born on 8 July 1917, had been a member of the Society since about 1950. Munroe, Eugene G. (Ph.D.) of Dunrobin. Ontario, Canada, the weekend of 31 May/1 June 2008, at the age of 87. He had been in poor health for some time. Dr. Munroe, a world authority on the systematics of pyralid moths, was a Charter Member of the Society. In 1973 the Society elected him an Honorary Life Member in recognition of his distinguished lifelong contributions to the study of Lepidoptera. Patterson, James C. ("Bumpy"), of Plymouth, Minnesota, on 11 April 2008 at the age of 71, from complications of pancreatic cancer. Mr. Patterson had been a member of the Society since 1993. He is survived by his wife of 48 years, Sandy, five children, and 15 grandchildren. [http://www.legacy.com/startribune/obituaries.asp?Page_LifeStory&PersonID= 107560812] 54 Summer 2008 Summer 2008 News of the Lepidopterists' Society NEW MEMBERSHIP DIRECTORY: Is Your Information Currentl Once again it's preparation time for the Society's biennial Membership Directory. We pride ourselves on the accuracy of the information in the Directory, but we rely on you to ensure that your information is correct and up-to-date. If you have new phone or FAX numbers, or a new e-mail address, or if your interests have changed-you should tell us about it. (You had a chance to update your information with the 2008 dues notice and ballot, but be sure to tell us if anything has changed since then.) The absolute deadline for updating your information is Saturday, 11 October 2008. So check your listing in the 2006 Membership Directory for accuracy and inform us of any changes. New members since 2006, who are not in the 2006 Membership Directory, and others who may have misplaced their Directory, may request a "screenshot" of their membership record to review for accuracy. The screenshot will be e-rnailed as a PDF attachment. Please e-mail JulianDonahue ([email protected]) to update your information or to request a screenshot. Snail mail requests can also be sent (with a self-addressed, stamped envelope if you want a screenshot returned) to Julian: 735 Rome Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90065-4040. Moth Book Wins Prestigious Medal Edward D. Edwards c/o Division of Entomology, CSIRO, P. 0 . Box 1700 Canberra , A.C. T. 2601 Australia [email protected] The inaugural Westwood Medal has many years researching Australian and CSIRO Publishing who were willing to been won by Dr Marianne Horak for her Asian Tortricidae. publish titles likely to lose money but monograph Olethreutin e Moths of The book, with a contribution authored contribute good science. Australia published in 2006. The medal by Furumi Komai of Japan, reviews all Further information on the medal can will be presented at the meeting of the 90 genera of Australian Olethreutinae be found on http://www.royensoc.co.ukl International Congress of Entomology giving detailed generic descriptions and about awards.shtml at Durban, South Africa, later this characterisations with the included year. and about the book on http:// species listed and new genera and www.publish.csiro.au/nid/ 18 /pid/ The Westwood Medal has been species described as necessary. It also 5147.htm instituted by the Natural History contains a phylogeny and detailed Museum, London and the Royal descriptions of important taxonomic Entomological Society with the aim of characters and their polarity. It is encouraging the production of illustrated by outstanding photographs monographic works in arthropod of the genitalia of both sexes for two taxonomy. It will be awarded biennially species in each genus as well as for "the best comprehensive taxonomic representative adult moths. The book work on a group of terrestrial acknowledges its debt to the Australian arthropods" published anywhere in the National Insect Collection and the world. It is judged by an independent, many people who have contributed to international panel of experts and "the making the collection the first class and award of the medal will recognize only comprehensive tool that it is today. the highest st andards of de scriptive The award not only recognizes the high taxonomy". achievement of Marianne Horak but Dr Horak is curator of the Lepidoptera also the book series Monographs of unit at the Australian National Insect Australian Lepidoptera , staff and Collection, CSIRO Entomology, administrators who were prepared to Canberra, Au stralia, and has spent support her long-term research and Volume 50, Number 2 55 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Volume 50, Number 2 ,. Alaskan Tortoiseshell \ Continued from pp. 51 . .-. Alaska has proven surprisingly long \ lasting, with the size of the 2007 . population second only to 2005; it is \ possible that the population will soon . be reduce d by the arrival of parasites ) Brooks Ra - , \ (K. Philip , pers. comm.). ' -" , • c( - ~!'!- , Eight of the nine specimens collected in / . ~ -,,; . -\0 " (/)4: Fort Yukon were males. All seen were / • ::>\~ very fresh, and average a little smaller -. - . 0 than specimens from New York ( R. ~" \ -~ Dirig, pers. comrn .), These collections -~ . have been deposited at the Cornell " O~ • University Insect Collection and with • \ the Alaska Lepidoptera Surve~ In addition, I have discovered additional specimens at the same location on two occasions. On February 24 , 2008, I found three dead male specimens behind a desk near the firewood. One last male was found crawling near the woodstove on April 14, 2008 . These later specimens • were also deposited as above. Acknowledgments l owe a great deal of gratitude to Robert • Dirig of Cornell University for • confirming the species identification, making the sex determinations, and providing background information; and • to Kenelm Philip of the University of Alaska , Fa irb anks, for pr oviding in formation on t he other collections mentioned above. Literature Cited o 250 500 'LES Hassol, S. J. 2004. Imp acts of a warming Arctic: I I I Ar ct ic Cli mate Impac t Assessment. Figure 4. Map of Alaska. Modified fro m public domain image stored at ht tp :// Ca mbridge Un ive rs ity P ress, New York (http://amap.no/acia/). 139 pp. commons .wikimedia.org/wiki/l mage:State-of-Alas ka-Map.png. Root , T. L., J. T. Price, K. R. Hall , S. H. Schneider, C. Rosen zweigk and A. Pounds. Tempts Interi or Butterfl y. Fairbanks Daily 2003, Jan . 2. 'Fingerprints' of global warming News-Miner (htt p://www.newsminer.com/ on wild animals and plants. Na tu re (421): news!2008!feb!24!warm-weather-tempts 57 -60. interior-bu tterfly/). Rozell , N. 2003, Nov. 20 . The Com pton Truong, C., A. E. Palrne, and F. Felber. 2007 . Tortoiseshell Flutter s Northward. Article Recen t invasion of t he mountain birch #1673, Ala ska Sci en ce Forum (h t t p:// Betula pub escens ssp. tortuosa above the www.gi .alaska.edu!ScienceForum!ASF16! treeline due to climate cha nge: genetic and 1673.htmD. ecolog ica l st u dy in northern Sw eden. Scudder, S. H. 1889. Butterfl ies of the eastern J ournal of Evolutionary Biology 20 (1) : 369 Uni te d Stat es a nd Ca nada wi th special 380 . r eferen ce to N ew England. 3 vo ls . Cambridge, Mass ., published by th e author, 1639 pp. + 89 plates + 3 fold-out maps. Smetzer, M. B. 2008, Feb. 24. Warm Weath er 56 Summer 2008 Summer 2008 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Blood-Sucking Limenitis arthemis astyanax on road-killed opossum in Alcona County, Michigan .-- Figure 1 Limenitis arthemis astyanax (dorsal view) and Figure 2 (ventral view) feeding on blood of a freshly road-killed opossum (Didelphis virginiana) in Alcona County, Michigan. See article pp. 39 A Frigid Sleep: Numerous Arctic Alasl Figure 1. Front lobby of the Council of Athabascan Tribal Government's Natural Resources building. All specimens were found near the black spruce woodpile. Figure 2. Upper-side of Compton Tortoiseshell specimen. Figure 3. Under-side of Compton Tortoiseshell specimen. See article on pp. 51. Volume 50, Number 2 57 News of the Lepidopterists ' Societ y Volume 50, Number 2 Membership Our Mailing Listl Submission Guidelines The Lepidopterists' Society is open to Contact Julian Don ahue for in forma for the News membership from anyone interested in tion on mailing list re ntal. Submissions are always welcome! any aspect of lepidopterology. The only Preference is given to articles written criterion for membership is that you ap Missed or Defective for a non-technical but knowledgable preciate butterflies or moths! To become Issuel audience, illustrated and succinct a member, please send full dues for the (under 1,000 words). Please submit Requests for missed or defective issues current year, together with your cur in one of the following formats (in shoul d be directed to : Ron Leuschner rent mailing address and a note about order of preference): your particular areas of interest in Lepi (1900 J ohn Street, Manhattan Beach, doptera, to: CA 90266-2608,(310) 545-9415, ron 1. Electronically transmitted file and [email protected] ). P lease be certain graphics-in some acceptable format Kelly Richers, t hat you 've really missed an issue by - via e-mail. Ass istant Treasurer, waiting for a subseque nt issue to arrive. The Lepidopterists' Society 2. Article (and graphics) on diskette, 941 7 Carvalho Court Memoirs CD or Zip disk in any of the popular Bakersfield, CA 93311 formats/platforms. Indicate what Requests for Memoirs of the Society formatts ) your disk/article/graphics Dues Rate should be sent to P ublications Ma na are in , and call or email if in doubt. ger, Ken Bliss (address opposite). Include printed hardcopies of both Active (regu lar) $ 45.00 articles and graphics, a copy of the Submissions of potential new Affiliate (same address) 10.00 article file in ASCII or RTF (just in Memoirs should be sent to: Student 20.00 case), and alternate graphics formats. Sustaining 60.00 Lawrence E. Gall Media will be returned on request. Contributor 100.00 Com puter Systems Office, Peabody 3. Color and B+W graphics should be Institutional Subscr iption 60.00 Mu seum of Natural History, P. O. 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Color originals are preferred. published in even-numbere d years, and Book Reviews the Season Summary, pu blished annu Submission Deadlines ally. Additional information on member Send book reviews or new book re leases shi p and other aspects of the Society for the Journal to : Material for Volume 50 must reach can be obtained from the Secretary (see the Editor by the following dates: address inside back cover). P. J. DeVries, Dept. Biological Sciences, Univers ity of Issue Date Due Change of Addressl New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, 3 Autumn Oct. 15, 2008 [email protected] 4 Winter Nov. 15, 2008 Pl ease send permanen t changes of ad- Reports for Supplement Sl, the Sea dress, te lepho ne nu mbers, areas of in - Send book reviews or new book releases son Summary, must reach the respec terest, or e-mail addresses to: for the News to the News Editor. tive Zon e Coordinator (see most re Julian P. Donahue, Assistant Secretary, WebMaster cent Season Summary for your Zone) The Lepidopterists' Society, by Dec. 15. See inside back cover for Natural History Museum of Los Ange J ohn A. Sny der Zone Coordinator information. les County, 900 Exposition Blvd., Dep t. of Biology, Furman University, Los Angeles, CA 90007-4057. Greenville, SC 29613-0001,(864) 294 [email protected] 3248, [email protected] 58 Summer 2008 Summer 2008 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Executive Council Season Summary Zone Coordinators President Treasurer Refer to Season Summary for Zone coverage details. JohnAcorn Kelly M. Richers Chief Season Summary 132 Walsh Crescent, Edmonton , 9417 Carvalho Court, Alberta T5T 5L7 Canada Bakers-field CA 93311, Coordinator And Editor Zone 6, Texas: (661) 665-1993 (home) janaturetgcompusmart. aboell Jim Tuttle Charles Bordelon (403) 489-0423 kerichers @wuesd.org 57 Inkerman Street Texas Lepidoptera Survey, Past President Assistant Treasurer St Kilda 3182 8517 Burkhart Road, Houston, Victoria Australia TX 77055,(713) 822-8731 (cell) William E. Conner Ron Leuschner [email protected] [email protected] Dept. of Biology, Wake Forest 1900 John Street, University, Manhattan Beach , CA Zone I, The Far North: Zone 7, Ontario And P. 0. Box 7325 Winston-Salem, 90266-2608, (310) 545-9415 Kenelm W Philip Quebec: North Caro lina 27109 USA ron [email protected] Institute of Arctic Biology (336) 758-5315 JeffCrolla University of Alaska connertiinofu.edu. Publications Manager 413 Jones Ave., P.O. Box 75700 Toronto, Ontario Vice Presidents Kenneth R. Bliss Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-7000 Canada M4J 3G5 28 DuPont Avenue (907) 479 -2689 J onath an P. Pelham (416) 778-4162 Piscataway, NJ 08854-435 fnkwp @ua f.ed u Bu r ke Museum of Natural cro ll [email protected] (732)968-1079 History and Culture, Zone 2, The Pacific [email protected] Zone 8, The Midwest: Box 353010, University of Northwest: Washington, Seattle, WA Editor, News of the Leslie A. Ferge 7119 Hubbard Avenue 98195-3010 Lepidopterists' Society Jon H. Shepard [email protected] R.R. #2, S.22, C.44 Middleton,Wisconsin53562-3231 Dale Clark Nelson, British Columbia (608) 836-9438 CarmenPozo 1732 South Hampton Rd., V1L 5P5 Canada [email protected] Glenn Heights, TX 75154 (250) 352-3028 Zone 9, The Southeast: Lazaro Roque-Albelo 8530, (972) 274-0890 shep .lep @netid ea .com Charles Dar win Research daledark~ Brian G. Scholtens Station, Casilla 17-01-3891, Zone 3, The Southwest: Biology Department Ave. 6 Diciembre 4757 Y Pasaje Editor, Journal of the Ken Davenport College of Charleston Calif., Quito, Ecuador Lepidopterists' Society 8417 Rosewood Avenue Charleston SC 29424-0001 [email protected] Bakersfield, CA 93306 (803) 856-0186 Brian G. Scholtens [email protected] u secretary Biology Department (661) 366-3074 (home) College of Charleston [email protected] Zone 10, The Northeast: David D. Lawrie 66 College Street Zone 4, The Rocky Mark J. Mello 914 Ridge Road sw Calgary, Charleston, SC 29424-0001 c/o Lloyd Center, Alberta T2T 3E5, Canada (803)856-0186 Mountains: 430 Potomska Rd [email protected] [email protected] Chuck Harp Dartsmouth, MA 02748 Assistant Secretary Editor, Memoirs of the 8834 W Quarto Ave. m .rogo vsky @comca st.net Littleton, CO 80128-4269 Julian P.Donahue Lepidopterists' Society (720) 981-5946 Zone II, Mexico & the Natural History Museum, 900 Lawrence F. Gall [email protected] Exposition Boulevard, Los Caribbean: Angeles, CA 90007-4057, (see Memoirs opposite) Zone S, The Plains: Isabel Vargas Fernandez (213) 763-3363 (office), (213) WebMaster Ronald Alan Royer Museo de Zoologia, 746-2999 (fax) Division of Science, Facultad de Ciencias, [email protected] John A. Snyder Univ. NacionalAutonoma, Mexico, (see WebMaster opposite) Minot State University. Minot,North Dakota58707-0001, Apartado Postal 70-399, Members-At-Large Office:(701)858-3209, Mexico 04510 D.F., Mexico FAX: (701)839-6933, ivf@hp·fciencias.un a m .mx Michelle DaCosta, John H. ron. royer @m inots tateu.ed u Masters, Michael G. Pogue,Kenn Kaufman, Harry Zirlin, Kim Garwood, Stephanie Shank, Charles Harp, ToddStout Volume 50, Number 2 59 News of the Lepidopterists' Society Volume 50, Number 2 Papilionids and Pierids of Taman Negara National Park, Malaysia••• 1) Tahan River just downriver from the cascades of Lata Berkoh. 2 ) Papilio polytes, female form polytes. 3) Pathysa antiphates. 4)P. antiphates, G. evemon, P. delessertii. 5) E. simulatrix on bird dropping. 6) E. simulatrix and G. harina. See article on pp. 46. 60 Summer 2008