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Decolonization and Afro-Feminism

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Decolonization and Afro-Feminism Praise for Decolonization and Afro-Feminism In this boldly argued and well-written book, the seasoned intellectual/teacher/activist Sylvia Tamale presents Africa as an urgent decolonial Pan-African project. Using an Afro-feminist lens, she gives us a roadmap as she deconstructs gender, sexuality, the law, family and even Pan-Africanism. Decolonization and Afro- Feminism makes a major epistemic contribution to charting Africa’s way forward. a comprehensive effort, it should have a broad appeal transcending disciplines and other colonial borders. Tamale alerts us to new forms of domination such as digital colonialism. This book will leave you thinking! —Oyeronke Oyewumi, author of The Invention of Women: Making an African Sense of Western Gender Discourses Decolonization and Afro-Feminism is a book we all need! It brings an encyclopaedic rigour and a committed feminist analysis to the study of decolonization and what it offers as a liberatory praxis in contemporary Africa. Sylvia Tamale’s scholarship has always been rooted in solidarity with the lived struggles of African feminists, queer communities and African academics, and it shows in her exploration of the many challenges that have shaped contemporary struggles around gender, sexuality, race, justice and Africa’s freedom. Essential Reading. —Jessica Horn, Feminist writer and co-founder, African Feminist Forum Working Group In this extraordinary and erudite book, Sylvia Tamale, the distinguished Ugandan scholar and public intellectual, brilliantly dissects and demolishes the dangerous tropes of coloniality that distort our understanding of African societies, cultures, bodies, institutions, experiences, social relations, and realities. She unsparingly and compellingly advances the analytical power and emancipatory possibilities of decolonial feminism. Using the concept of intersectionality she moves seamlessly and examines with a sense of fierce urgency the decolonial project over a wide range of spheres from ecofeminism to sports, the law, religion, human rights, Ubuntu, the academy, family relations, Pan- Africanism, and big data. a must read for all those who value the decolonization of Eurocentric and androcentric knowledges and the recentering of African epistemologies and ontologies. It is a clarion call for the continent’s feminist epistemic liberation. — Paul Tiyambe Zeleza, Professor of the Humanities and Social Sciences and Vice Chancellor, United States International University-Africa, Nairobi, Kenya Intellectually orgasmic! I can’t count how many climaxes I reached whilst reading this bold text. Fellow students of Africa, you haven’t had your Afro-feminist intellectual rebirth until you read this book. You will learn and unlearn, pack and unpack everything you think you knew about decolonization and Afro-Feminism. It is such an honour to have this brilliant piece dedicated to the students of Africa. The next generation of Afro-feminists have our struggle cut out for us. —Anna Adeke, Feminist and student, Makerere University, Uganda Decolonization and Afro-Feminism offers an in-depth and well- documented debate on central questions developed by generations of African feminists. It proposes Afro-Feminism as a decolonial project that must incorporate race and coloniality at its heart. Tamale urges African women to rethink sex, gender and the universality of feminism. She challenges concepts and themes of the struggles that have shaped debates about women’s oppression, demands for equality, patriarchy, motherhood, sexuality, legal systems, family laws, human rights. For Tamale, Ubuntu serves as a framework for recovering self and redefining one’s relationships with others. Yet, beyond race and coloniality, how should we think about and ‘do’ feminism in Africa, if we don’t challenge discriminations, hierarchies, and power relations against women, embedded in our own past and present cultures. —Dr. Fatou Sow, Sociologist, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal Decolonization and Afro-Feminism Decolonization and Afro-Feminism Sylvia Tamale Daraja Press Ottawa Published by Daraja Press https://darajapress.com © 2020 Sylvia Tamale All rights reserved ISBN: 9781988832494 Cover illustration: Joy Ogunpolu Cover design: Kate McDonnell Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Title: Decolonization and afro-feminism / Sylvia Tamale. Names: Tamale, Sylvia, author. Description: Includes bibliographical references. Identifiers: Canadiana (print) 20190209453 | Canadiana (ebook) 20190210141 | ISBN 9781988832494 …..(softcover) | ISBN 9781988832500 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Law—Study and teaching—Africa. | LCSH: Feminism—Africa. | LCSH: Decolonization— …..Africa. Classification: LCC KQC46 .T36 2020 | DDC 340.071/06—dc23 Dedicated to Wanafunzi wa Afrika [students of Africa] Viva Afrika!! Contents Acknowledgments xi Some Key Definitions xiii 1. Introduction 1 Of Counter-Narratives 1 The Meaning of Africa(ns) 10 Goals and Organization of the Book 13 2. The Basics of Decolonization and Decolonial Futures 17 Africa’s Decolonization and Decolonial Reconstruction 18 Decolonization & Decoloniality: Science Fiction or Present 22 Fact? A Two-Pronged Approach: The Political and the 27 Psychological 3. Feminists and the Struggle for Africa’s Decolonial 40 Reconstruction Gender Studies in African Academies 44 Beyond Racism: Multiple Inequalities and Intersectionality 62 Integrating Afro-Ecofeminism into Decolonization 80 4. Challenging the Coloniality of Sex, Gender and 92 Sexuality Michael Phelps and Caster Semenya: A Juxtaposition 95 Decolonial African Sex/Gender Systems 100 A Decolonial Analysis of the Phelps/Semenya Conundrum 105 Medico-Legal Taxonomies: Semenya’s Battle with Science 119 and the Law 5. Legal Pluralism and Decolonial Feminism 132 State “Customary Law” versus Living Customary Law 133 Decolonized Customary Law 140 Gender and Religious Relativism 173 6. Repositioning the Dominant Discourses on Rights and 187 Social Justice Human? Rights? 194 Unpacking the Universalizing Essentialism of “Gender 205 Equality” Reconceptualizing Justice through Ubuntu 221 7. Rethinking the African Academy 235 History and Evolution of African Academies 237 Internalized Colonialism: How it is Achieved 245 A Framework for Transforming the African Academy 257 8. Decolonizing Family Law: The Case of Uganda 285 Conceptualizing the Heteropatriarchal Family 288 The Ugandan Family and the Law 300 Family Relations: Then and Now 306 Challenging the Status Quo 321 The Limits of Officialist pprA oaches to Family Gender 331 Justice 9. Towards Feminist Pan-Africanism and Pan-African 340 Feminism Feminism in the Pan-African Movement? 343 Pan-Africanism in African Feminism 369 Developing a New Pan-Africanism in the Era of 378 Globalization Epilogue: Decolonizing Africa in the Age of Big Data 385 Index 397 Acknowledgments This book belongs to our ancestors. Its words of libation honour our African spirits; may they also act as a balm to the spirits of contemporary Africans. Indeed, those spirits aligned perfectly for the development of the book at every step of its production. As the idea of writing the book was crystallizing in my mind, I received two invitations from institutions in Belgium and South Africa inviting me to spend time as a visiting fellow pursuing any academic project of my choice. Somehow the ancestors must have channeled my energy and intentions to these institutions. I am extremely grateful to the Metaforum Institute at KU Leuven, Belgium and the Stellenbosch Institute of Advanced Studies (STIAS) in South Africa. In this regard, I’m especially indebted to Manu Gerald, Maarten Loopmans and Bart Pattyn of KU Leuven as well as to Edward Kirumira and Christoff Pauw of STIAS. The STIAS seminars and lunch-time conversations with a multidisciplinary intellectual community of scholars like Obi Nwakanma, Vidyanand Nanjundiah, Carol Summers, Sundhya Pahuja, Jonathan Fisher, Uchenna Okeja and others were extremely instructional. Ford Foundation also provided additional invaluable support for my research in Uganda. Makerere University granted me a year’s sabbatical to pursue this project, for which I am thankful. The enthusiasm that my colleague Frederick Jjuuko exhibited for this project was infectious. Not only did he lend it his intellectual weight, but he often helped clear the fog of coloniality from my perceptions. Jane Bennett provided helpful pointers and kept me on my toes by reminding me of the DECOLONIZATION AND AFRO-FEMINISM | xi enormity of the task I had undertaken. Susan Nalunkuma and Daphine Arinda spent many hours and late nights in libraries and at their laptops assisting with the literature review. To all the interviewees who aided me with invaluable knowledge, I say thank you. I deeply appreciate the constructive feedback received from participants who attended the public lectures on various draft chapters at the Universities of KU-Leuven, Stellenbosch, Leeds, Pretoria and the Nyerere Resource Centre in Dar es Salaam. I was extremely fortunate to have various scholars read drafts of particular chapters, providing constructive suggestions for improvement, among them: Jessica Horn, Takyiwaa Manuh, Patricia Kameri-Mbote, Desiree Lewis, Nancy Kachingwe, Busingye Kabumba and Florence Butegwa. Thank you all for your critical and invaluable insights. I’m equally indebted to the anonymous reviewers that Daraja Press provided. Many thanks also go out to comrade Issa Shivji who encouraged me to include chapter nine on Pan-Africanism without which the book would have been incomplete.
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