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242 NOTES ON THE INTRODUCTION OF Downloaded from PRINTING-PRESSES INTO THE SMALLER TOWNS OF ENGLAND AND WALES, AFTER 1750 TO THE END OF THE http://library.oxfordjournals.org/ EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. f Y ' Notes on Printers and Printing in Pro- vincial Towns,' read before the Library Association, and published with an alpha- betical table in 1879, is necessarily much out of date in 1901, and the chrono- logical account of ' English Provincial Presses,' printed in the pages of ' Bibliographica' a few at University of Bath Library & Learning Centre on July 7, 2015 years since, finishes with 1750. It is thought therefore that the following notes, arranged chronologically, to supplement the last-named, may prove acceptable, and useful as a table of reference. It must be understood, however, that this list represents the earliest date of printing, or of its resuscitation, known to the compiler; but does not pretend to fix the advent of the Press to each particular town for the year under which such town is entered. W. H. ALLNUTT. 1753- BERWICK-ON-TWEED. Watts' Hymns. Printed by R. Taylor. [R. A. Peddie.] FALMOUTH. A Sermon by Samuel Walker. Printed by M[atthew] Allison. [Bodl.] PATINGHAM. Horatii Carmina, &c. Mr. Bromwich's private press ? [Bodl.] ENGLISH PROVINCIAL PRESSES. 243 1756. MIDDLEWICH. Bunyan, Solomon's Temple, 9th edit. 12mo. Printed for James Schofield in Middlewich, Downloaded from 1756. [G. Offor's Auction Catalogue, 1865, No- 1879.] The Tryal of John Stevenson for Murder. Middlewich: Printed by James Schofield. [1759.] [Bodl.] http://library.oxfordjournals.org/ MILLBROOK, Cornwall. An Advertisement. Printed by John Jordaine. [Mr. R. N. Worth.] SHOREHAM. The Mitre. A Poem. [By E. Perronett.] Lowndes says: c This satire, printed without a title- page at a private press at Shoreham, Kent, where the author's father was vicar. It was rigidly suppressed.' [Bohn's Lowndes.] The copy in the Bodleian li- brary, however, has a contemporary MS. title-page, which says, ' Wrote and printed at London in the at University of Bath Library & Learning Centre on July 7, 2015 year 1756.' 1757- STRAWBERRY HILL. TWO Odes by Mr. Gray. Printed at Strawberry Hill, for R. and J. Dodsley, 1757, 4°. The numerous subsequent productions of Horace Walpole's private press at Strawberry Hill are duly set forth in the Appendix to Bohn's edition of Lowndes. WARWICK. A brief description of the Church of St. Mary's in Warwick. Printed by Henry Keating. 1757. [Bodl.] YARMOUTH. ' There was a printing establishment here in 1757.' [Cotton.] In the Norwich Poll-book for 1780 occurs, 'John March, printer, Yarmouth.' He died at George Town, near Washington, U.S.A., June 21, 1804. 244 ENGLISH PROVINCIAL »759- HALIFAX. A Treasury of Maxims. Printed by P. Darby. 1759- [Bodl.] Low LEYTON, Essex. Edward Rowe Mores had a Downloaded from private press here, and printed Nomina Villarum in Com. Berks. Impress. Leytone Essexensium 1759. [Bodl.] PETERBOROUGH. 'This city possessed a press in 1759.' [Cotton.] http://library.oxfordjournals.org/ Jenner (Rev. Archdeacon), Visitation of Hunting- don, Disc, by Jas. Smyth, 4to. Peterborough, 1759. [Hotten, No. 2172.] 1760. ASHBY-DE-LA-ZOUCH. A Sermon Preach'd March 14, 1760. By J. Garner, M.D. No imprint. Perhaps printed at Ashby. [J. P. Earwaker.] at University of Bath Library & Learning Centre on July 7, 2015 WIGAN. Power gives ' Wigan, Lane, circa 1760'; but no further authority. Gessner's Death of Abel, 6th edit. Printed by R. Ferguson. 1780. 1761. BOLTON. ' The art is said to have been practised in 1761.' [Cotton.] In the Poll-book for the borough of Lancaster, 1784, occurs, ' Benjamin Jackson, Printer, son of Paul, Bolton i' th' Moors.' TAMWORTH. A True Copy of the Poll . Tamworth . 1761. Printed by James Sketchley, Bookseller in Birmingham and Tamworth. Select lessons in prose and verse. Tamworth : Printed and Sold by B. Shelton. M.DCC.LXXXV. [Bodl.] 1762. SUNDERLAND. ' About the year 1762, Mr. Rowland Wetherald settled in Sunderland as a teacher of the PRESSES, 17 50-1800. 245 Mathematics. He commenced the typographic art. About the year 1780, Mr. Graham began the Printing business.' [Garbutt's Sunderland.] Downloaded from 1763. BRENTFORD. A Description of the Gardens and Buildings at Kew. Printed and Sold by P. Norbury, near the Market-Place (c. 1763). [Bodl.] GUILDFORD. J. Geere on Games, Plays, etc. Printed by http://library.oxfordjournals.org/ C. Martin. [Brit. Mus.] 1764. CHELMSFORD. ' The Chelmsford Chronicle started.' [N. and Q. 3rd Ser. i. 287 ; 5th Ser. i. 285.] SOUTHAMPTON. Batt upon Batt: a poem. 8th edit [By Dr. John Speed.] Southampton: Printed in the Year 1764. at University of Bath Library & Learning Centre on July 7, 2015 1765. CHIPPENHAM. The Self-Commissioned Apostle an im- postor. By a Country Curate. Chippenham: Printed for the Author. 1765. [Bodl.] POOLE. Joseph Moore, printer, 1765. [C. H. Mayo's Bibl. Dorset. 1885.] 1767. BRIDGEWATER. ' Bridgwater, Mar. 23, 1767. To be sold as soon as conveniently may be A Printing- Press,' etc. [Sherborne Mercury.] 1768. BLACKWELL GRANGE, near Darlington. The house of George Allan, Esq., who, about 1768, established a private press here. J. T. Brockett issued a catalogue of its productions, Newcastle, 1818,4to., and there is a list in the Appendix to Bohn's edition of Lowndes. 246 ENGLISH PROVINCIAL MARKET-HARBOROUGH. A Collection of the Charities and Donations .... given to the Town of Market- Harborough. By Rowland Rouse. Printed by William Harrod. MDCCLXVIII. 8°. [Bodl.] Downloaded from ROCHESTER. The Poll of the City of Rochester. Rochester: Printed for Thomas Fisher, Boolcseller. M.DCC.LXVIII. 8°. [Bodl.] c Mr. Fisher, printer and bookseller, died Aug. 29, 1786. [Gent. Mag.] http://library.oxfordjournals.org/ 1769. ABINGDON, Berks. D. Turner's sermon. Printed by J. Stacey. [Bodl.] DEVIZES. A treatise on the Ananas or Pine-apple. By Adam Taylor. Printed by T. Burrough. MDCCLXIX. 8°. [Bodl.] 1770. at University of Bath Library & Learning Centre on July 7, 2015 DEVONPORT. Six numbers of a Plymouth Magazine were published in 1770, two or three of which were issued at Devonport. [R. N. Worth's Hist, of Devon- port.] GLYND, Sussex. The Summer's day, a descriptive pas- toral. Glynd. 1770. 40. [Bodl. imperfect.] WANTAGE. An essay; being a . , . reply to ... some modern Sectaries of Religion. By the rev. Edward Kimpton. Printed by T. Austin, Wantage. (1770.) [Bodl.] 1771. BANBURY. ' This Indenture witnesseth, That John Cheney of Banbury, . Victualler, doth put himself Ap- prentice to John Madegon of the City of Oxford, Printer ... for seven years from Sept. 14, 1771.' [John Cheney's grandson told me some years ago that this was a sort of mock apprenticeship, his grand- father having started printing before. W. H. A.] DARLINGTON. English rudiments, or an easy intro- PRESSES, 17 50-1800. 247 du&ion of English Grammar. By Rev. Matthew Raine. Darlington : Printed and Sold by John Sadler, MDCCLXXI. i6mo. [Bodl.] ORLINGBURY, Northants. The Rev. B. Bridges, Rector, Downloaded from had a private press here in 1771, and printed An Essay in Defence of the Philosophy of Scripture, and Five Letters to a Friend Relative to Subscription to the xxxix Articles. SPALDING. A Collection of Letters and Verses ... by http://library.oxfordjournals.org/ the Rev'd Joseph Mills. Spalding: Printed for the 0 Author, and sold by J. Albin. MDCCLXXI. 4 . [W. H. A.] WALTON, [near Liverpool?]. The Paradise of the Soul ... by Horstius. Translated in 1720, by T. M. Printed for J. Sharrock, Walton, 1771. iamo. [Bodl.] WOKINGHAM. The Berkshire Chronicle. Numb. 256 Vol. v. Friday, Dec. 1, 1775. Wokingham: at University of Bath Library & Learning Centre on July 7, 2015 Printed for, and Published by Trickey, Cruttwell, Wheatley, and Co. in the Market-Place. [Bodl.] WOODBRIDGE, Suffolk. ' R. Loder was a printer here in 1771.' [Cotton.] Died, aged 61, Robert Loder, printer and book- seller, of Woodbridge. [Gent. Mag., March, 1811.] 1772. HERTFORD. The Hartford Mercury, No. 18, September 18,1772. [Caxton Exhibition.] Mr. Austin, Printer at Hertford, 1774. [W. H. A.] HUNTINGDON. Dr. Charles Dickens's Plain Narrative. Printed by J. Jenkinson, at Huntingdon. 40. [Bodl.] STAFFORD. The Holy Bible of the Authorized Version, with Notes. Stafford : Printed by N. Boden. [Bibl. Staff, by R. Simms, 1894.] WISBEACH. A Legacy to his parishioners [anon.] Wis- bich: Printed by Edward Ely. MDCCLXXII. 8°. 17 [BodL] 248 ENGLISH PROVINCIAL 1773- HINCKLEY. ' The first printing-press set up in Hinckley was by Mr. William Ward, schoolmaster of that place, in 1773.' [Information of Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher.] Downloaded from ' Died, Oft 21, 1701. At Hinckley, aged 60, Mr. William Ward.' [Gent. Mag.] WYCOMBE. An Antidote against Infidels. By Edmund Ball. Wycombe, Printed by John How, 1773. 8°. http://library.oxfordjournals.org/ [Bodl.] 1774. MACCLESFIELD. Sermons. By David Simpson. Maccles- field: Printed by T. Bayley. MDCCLXXIV. 8°. [Bodl.] MILBORNE PORT. A Genealogical Account of the family of Luttrell. J. Denham: Milborne Port, 1774. [Brit. Mus.] at University of Bath Library & Learning Centre on July 7, 2015 NANTWICH. Life of Elizabeth Ashbridge. Nantwich: Printed by J. Bromley, opposite the Crown, 1774. 8°. [Jos. Smith's Catal. of Friends' books.] NEWBURY. A sermon by Rev. Thomas Penrose. New- bury: Printed by J. Willis, on the Bridge, MDCCLXXIV. 40. [Bodl.] SEVENOAKS. An Elegy on the Death of Martin Drayson. Sevenoaks; Printed by Tho. Clout Jun. MDCCLXXIV. 8° [Bodl.] UXBRIDOE. Edm. Ball's Divine Light Displayed. T. Lake. [W. H. A.] 1775- BOSWORTH. • Printing was carried on at Bosworth by Robert Grimley in 1775. [Cotton]. CHESTERFIELD. An Elegy on the Death of G. B. Clarke, Esq:, who died Dec. 26, 1774. Chesterfield ; printed for J. Bradley, n. d. 40. [Bodl.] Died, lately Mr. Job Bradley, printer. [Gent. Mag. Feb. 1798.] CREDITON. ' It possessed a press in 1775.' [Cotton.] PRESSES, 17 50-1800.
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  • History of Insurance

    History of Insurance

    History of insurance The history of insurance describes the development of the modern business of insurance against risks, especially regarding cargo, property, death, automobile accidents, and medical treatment. The industry helps to eliminate risks (as when fire insur- ance companies demand the implementation of safe prac- tices and the installation of hydrants), spreads risks from the individual to the larger community, and provides an important source of long-term finance for both the public and private sectors. The insurance industry is generally profitable and provides attractive employment opportu- nities for white collar workers. Merchants have sought methods to minimize risks since early times. Pictured, Governors of the Wine Merchant’s Guild by Ferdinand Bol, c. 1680. 1 Ancient world At some point in the 1st millennium BC, the inhabitants of Rhodes created the 'general average'. This allowed In some sense, we can say that insurance dates back groups of merchants to pay to insure their goods being to early human society. We know of two types of shipped together. The collected premiums would be used economies in human societies: natural or non-monetary to reimburse any merchant whose goods were jettisoned economies (using barter and trade with no centralized during transport, whether to storm or sinkage.[3] nor standardized set of financial instruments) and mone- tary economies (with markets, currency, financial instru- The ancient Athenian “maritime loan” advanced money ments and so on). Insurance in the former case entails for voyages with repayment being cancelled if the ship agreements of mutual aid. If one family’s house gets de- was lost.