ISLA DE COZUMEL (MEXICO) Altitude: 3 M

Phytosociological Research Center www.globalbioclimatics.org Worldwide Bioclimatic Classification System S.Rivas−Martinez(+) & S.Rivas−Saenz (Adapted to Synoptical Table 14/02/2020)

ISLA DE COZUMEL (MEXICO) Altitude: 3 m. Latitude: 20°31’N Longitude: 86°57’W Temperature observation period.: 1950−1980 (31) Rainfall observation period....: 1950−1980 (31)

(C/mm) Ti Mi mi M’i m’i Pi EPi Jan. 22.90 0.00 0.00 31.80 6.50 87.0 77.14 Feb. 23.30 0.00 0.00 32.10 6.20 63.0 78.34 Mar. 24.40 0.00 0.00 35.00 7.80 48.0 104.87 Apr. 26.00 0.00 0.00 35.00 9.00 536.0 132.66 May. 26.90 0.00 0.00 35.00 11.40 141.0 156.73 Jun. 27.20 0.00 0.00 35.20 18.20 200.0 156.63 Jul. 27.20 0.00 0.00 35.60 17.40 112.0 162.27 Aug. 27.20 0.00 0.00 35.60 15.60 152.0 156.63 Sep. 26.80 0.00 0.00 35.20 16.40 243.0 140.66 Oct. 26.00 0.00 0.00 35.80 14.00 234.0 126.35 Nov. 24.60 0.00 0.00 33.40 10.40 111.0 96.31 Dec. 23.40 0.00 0.00 32.40 9.00 109.0 83.02 Year 25.49 0.00 0.00 34.34 11.82 2036 1471.6

BIOCLIMATIC INDICES AND DIAGNOSIS Thermicity index...... (It): 713 Compensated thermicity index...... (Itc): 713 Simple continentality index...... (Ic): 4.3 Diurnality index...... (Id): 0.0 Annual ombrothermic index...... (Io): 6.66 Monthly dry ombrothermic index...... (Iod1): 1.97 Bimonthly dry ombrothermic index...... (Iod2): 2.33 Threemonthly dry ombrothermic index...... (Iod3): 2.80 Fourmonthly dry ombrothermic index...... (Iod4): 3.27 Annual ombro−evaporation index...... (Ioe): 1.38 Annual positive temperature...... (Tp): 3059 Annual negative temperature...... (Tn): 0 Dry station temperature...... (Td): 706 Positive precipitation...... (Pp): 2036 N. of P>4T P:2T−4T PT−2T P

1 ISLA DE COZUMEL (MEXICO) 3 m P= 2036 20° 31’N 86° 57’W 31/31 y. T= 25.5° Ic= 4.3 Tp= 3059 Tn= 0 m= 22.9° M= 22.9 ° Itc= 713 Io= 6.7

M’= 35.8°

m’= 6.2°

TROPICAL PLUVISEASONAL (MESOPHYTIC) UPPER INFRATROPICAL LOW HUMID

WATER INDEX CARD ISLA DE COZUMEL (MEXICO) Altitude: 3 m. Latitude: 20° 31’N

(C/mm) T PE P VR R RE DF SP DR HC Jan. 22.9 77 87 0 100 77 0 10 22 0.1 Feb. 23.3 78 63 −15 85 78 0 0 11 −0.1 Mar. 24.4 105 48 −57 28 105 0 0 5 −0.5 Apr. 26.0 133 536 72 100 133 0 331 168 3.0 May. 26.9 157 141 −16 84 157 0 0 84 −0.1 Jun. 27.2 157 200 16 100 157 0 28 56 0.2 Jul. 27.2 162 112 −50 50 162 0 0 28 −0.3 Aug. 27.2 157 152 −5 45 157 0 0 14 0.0 Sep. 26.8 141 243 55 100 141 0 47 31 0.7 Oct. 26.0 126 234 0 100 126 0 108 69 0.8 Nov. 24.6 96 111 0 100 96 0 15 42 0.1 Dec. 23.4 83 109 0 100 83 0 26 34 0.3 Year 25.5 1472 2036 * * 1472 0 564 564 *

R = Reserve VR = Variation of the reserve RE = Real evapotranspiration DR = Drainage HC = Humidity coeficient DF = Deficit SP = Superavit

ISLA DE COZUMEL (MEXICO) 20°31’N 86°57’W 3 m 31/31 y. T= 25.5 Ic= 4.3 TROPICAL PLUVISEASONAL (MESOPHYTIC) m= 22.9 Tp= 3059 UPPER INFRATROPICAL M= 22.9 Tn= 0 LOW HUMID M’= 35.8 Itc= 713 m’= 6.2 Io= 6.7 P= 2036 mm PE= 1472 mm

Imbibing 2 Aug. Saturation 17 Sep. Reserve Use 14 Jun. Deficit

DJFMAMJJASOND

2 ISLA DE COZUMEL (MEXICO) Latitude: 20°31’N Longitude: 86°57’W Altitude: 3 m SUMMARY OF RIVAS−MARTINEZ CLASSIFICATION Continentality Index [A2a] + Type ...... : A. Hyperoceanic + Subtype ...... : 2. Euhyperoceanic + Variant ...... : a. High Thermic types [A2.A1] + Latitudinal zone ....: A. Warm + Latitudinal belt ....: 2. Eutropical + Thermic type ...... : A. Warm + Thermic subtype .....: 1. Torrid Bioclimatic types [A4.1a.7b] + Macrobioclimate .....: A. TROPICAL + Bioclimate ...... : 4. PLUVISEASONAL + Bioclimatic variant .: MESOPHYTIC + Thermic type...... : 1. INFRATROPICAL + Thermic subtype...... : a. UPPER + Ombrothermic type ...: 7. HUMID + Ombrothermic subtype : b. LOW Bioclimatic Classification ...... Trps(Mes).Itr.Hum.Eho

ISLA DE COZUMEL (MEXICO) Latitude: 20°31’N Longitude: 86°57’W Altitude: 3 m PRECIPITATION PARAMETERS Warmest semester of the year...... (Pss): 1384 Coldest semester of the year...... (Psw): 652 Warmest four months period of the year...... (Pcm1): 605 Following warmest four months period...... (Pcm2): 697 Positive precipitation dryest 3 months...... (Ppd): 198 Positive precipitation dryest 2 months...... (Ppd2): 111 Positive precipitation dryest 1 month...... (Ppd1): 48 Positive precipitation warmest 3 months...... (Pps): 464 Positive precipitation warmest 2 months...... (Pps2): 312 Positive precipitation warmest 1 month...... (Pps1): 200 Positive precipitation coldest 3 months...... (Ppw): 259 Positive precipitation coldest 2 months...... (Ppw2): 150 Positive precipitation coldest 1 month...... (Ppw1): 87 Dec+Jan+Feb Mar+Apr+May Jun+Jul+Aug Sep+Oct+Nov Seasons Ttr1−1 Ttr2−2 Ttr3−3 Ttr4−4 Rainfall 259 725 464 588 Tropical rainfall rhythms: 2 > 4 > 3 > 1

ISLA DE COZUMEL (MEXICO) Latitude: 20°31’N Longitude: 86°57’W Altitude: 3 m TEMPERATURE PARAMETERS Average warmest month [T]...... (Tmax): 27.2 Average coldest month [T]...... (Tmin): 22.9 Maximum temp. warmest month [M]...... (Tmmax): 0.0 Minimum temp. coldest month [m]...... (Tmmin): 0.0 Absolute Max.temp. warmest month [M’]...... (Tamax): 35.8 Absolute Min.temp. coldest month [m’]...... (Tamin): 6.2 First warmest contrasted month [M]...... (Tcmax): 0.0 (0) First coldest contrasted month [m]...... (Tcmin): 0.0 (0) Dry station temperature...... (Td): 706 Positive temperature dryest 3 months...... (Tpd): 706 Positive temperature dryest 2 months...... (Tpd2): 477 Positive temperature dryest 1 month...... (Tpd1): 244 Positive temperature warmest 3 months...... (Tps): 816 Positive temperature warmest 2 months...... (Tps2): 544 Positive temperature warmest 1 month...... (Tps1): 272 Positive temperature coldest 3 months...... (Tpw): 696 Positive temperature coldest 2 months...... (Tpw2): 462 Positive temperature coldest 1 month...... (Tpw1): 229

3 ISLA DE COZUMEL (MEXICO) Latitude: 20°31’N Longitude: 86°57’W Altitude: 3 m SEASONAL PARAMETERS

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Warmest semester...(Sms) o o o o o o Dryest semester....(Smd) o o o o o o Warmest 4 months...(Cm1) o o o o Dryest 4 months....(Cmd) o o o o Vegetation Activity(Pav) oooooooooooo Ultragelid...[M’<=0](Pf) Hypergelid...[M <=0](Pf) Gelid...... [T <=0](Pf) Subgelid.....[m <=0](Pf) Pregelid.....[m’<=0](Pf) Agelid...... [m’> 0](Pf) oooooooooooo HiperAgelid..[all>0](Pf) oooooooooooo

ISLA DE COZUMEL (MEXICO) Latitude: 20°31’N Longitude: 86°57’W Altitude: 3 m OMBROTHERMIC PARAMETERS Annual aridity index.[PE/P]...... (Iar): 0.72 Mediterranean index of July.[PE/P]...... (Im1): No Mediterranean index of July & August...... (Im2): No Mediterranean index of June, July & August....(Im3): No

Months Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Pp(x10) 1090 870 630 480 5360 1410 2000 1120 1520 2430 2340 1110 Tp 234 229 233 244 260 269 272 272 272 268 260 246 Io (Iom) 4.66 3.80 2.70 1.97 20.6 5.24 7.35 4.12 5.59 9.07 9.00 4.51 Seasons Dec+Jan+Feb Mar+Apr+May Jun+Jul+Aug Sep+Oct+Nov Pp(x10)/Tp 2590 / 696 7250 / 773 4640 / 816 5880 / 774 Io (Iot) 3.721 9.379 5.686 7.597 Semesters December−May June−November Pp(x10)/Tp 9840 / 1469 10520 / 1590 Io (Iosm) 6.698 6.616

ISLA DE COZUMEL (MEXICO) Latitude: 20°31’N Longitude: 86°57’W Altitude: 3 m Aridity Value Index (AVI) [10xPP/TP=IO]: 20360/3059=6.66 There is No Yearly Aridity

Months Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Pp [P*10] 1090 870 630 480 5360 1410 2000 1120 1520 2430 2340 1110 Tp [T*10] 234 229 233 244 260 269 272 272 272 268 260 246 Iom [Pp/Tp] 466 380 270 197 $$ 524 735 412 559 907 900 451 Avm [200−Iom] *** *** *** 3 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** Seasons Dec+Jan+Feb Mar+Apr+May Jun+Jul+Aug Sep+Oct+Nov Pp / Tp 2590 / 696 7250 / 773 4640 / 816 5880 / 774 Iot [Pp/Tp] 372 938 569 760 Avs E[Avm<200] *** *** *** *** Weak upper semiarid [1]

4 ISLA DE COZUMEL (MEXICO) Latitude: 20°31’N Longitude: 86°57’W Altitude: 3 m BIOCLIMATIC INDICES I CI of Supan (1884) [Tmax−Tmin] ...... (Sp): 4.30 CI of Gorezinski (1920) [1.7*Sp/sin(Lat)−20.4] ...... : 0.46 CI of Conrad (1946) [1.7*Sp/sin(Lat+10)−14] ...... : 0.40 + Hyperoceanic (−20R>60) Aridity Index of Martonne (1926) [Ia=P/(T+10)] ...... : 57.37 + Humid (60>Ia>30) I of Emberger (1930) [Q=100*P/(Tmmax²−Tmmin²)] ...... : 0.00 + Arid (30>Q>0) I of Dantin & Revenga (1940) [DR=100*T/P] ...... : 1.25 + Humid (2>DR>0) Aridity Index of UNEP [I=P/PE] ...... : 1.38 + Humid (I>0.65) Potencial Erosion I of Fournier (1960) [K=Pi²/P].....: 141.11 + High (120

ISLA DE COZUMEL (MEXICO) Latitude: 20°31’N Longitude: 86°57’W Altitude: 3 m BIOCLIMATIC INDICES II Bioclimatic classification of Gaussen & Bagnouls (1957) + Climate ....: A. Warm and temperate warm + Region .....: 3. Termoxeroteric (Mediterranean warm) + Thermic type: 1. Megathermic Thornthwaite (1948) Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. P−E ratio 0.33 0.23 0.17 2.33 0.52 0.76 0.40 0.56 0.95 0.93 0.42 0.42 T−E ratio 10.30 10.48 10.98 11.70 12.10 12.24 12.24 12.24 12.06 11.7011.07 10.53 Precipitation−effectiveness: 80.08 Temperature−efficiency ....: 137.65 Moisture Index [MI=100*(P−PE)/PE] ...... : 38.35 + B1.Humid low−humid (201440)

MEXICO °C 20°31’N / 86°57’W / 3 m 500 0.0 ISLA DE COZUMEL 400 0.0 [31−31] +25.5 °C 2036.0 mm 300 200 50 100 90 40 80 70 30 60 50 20 40 30 10 20 10 0 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D mm

5 MEXICO °C 20°31’N / 86°57’W / 3 m 0.0 ISLA DE COZUMEL 0.0 [31−31] +25.5 °C 2036.0 mm

50 Abs Max Abs Min 40

30

20

10

0 JFMAMJJASOND −10

MEXICO 20°31’N / 86°57’W / 3 m ISLA DE COZUMEL Period T−P [31−31] Thornthwaite Thornthwaite T−E Ratio P−E Ratio 30 3.0

25 2.5

20 2.0

15 1.5

10 1.0

5 0.5

0 0.0 JFMAMJJASOND

MEXICO 20°31’N / 86°57’W / 3 m ISLA DE COZUMEL Period T−P [31−31] Mediterranean Ombrothermic Index [PE/P] Index [P/T] 15.0 30

12.5 25

10.0 20

7.5 15

5.0 10

2.5 5

0.0 0 JFMAMJJASOND

6