Church Architecture Vocabulary
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is often small in size and is, just like churches, a religious place of worship. Chapels are usually attached to a larger, often non religious building like a castle. castle. a like building religious non often larger, a to attached usually are Chapels worship. of place religious a churches, like just is, and size in small often is A Chapel www.roadtripsaroundtheworld.com These are not exclusive, a church can be an Abbey, serve as a Cathedral, and also be a Basilica. a be also and Cathedral, a as serve Abbey, an be can church a exclusive, not are These the community. the is the church located in a monastery or convent. Abbeys are typically under the authority of an Abbot or an Abbess, who serve as the spiritual father or mother of of mother or father spiritual the as serve who Abbess, an or Abbot an of authority the under typically are Abbeys convent. or monastery a in located church the is An Abbey is a large and important church that has been given special ceremonial rights by the Pope. It usually holds reliquaries or is a place of dedicated pilgrim. dedicated of place a is or reliquaries holds usually It Pope. the by rights ceremonial special given been has that church important and large a is A Basilica throne". Basilicas and Abbeys and Basilicas has a specific ecclesiastical role and administrative purpose as the seat of a bishop. The cathedral takes its name from the word cathedra, or "bishop’s "bishop’s or cathedra, word the from name its takes cathedral The bishop. a of seat the as purpose administrative and role ecclesiastical specific a has A Cathedral of European Churches, Cathedrals, Cathedrals, Churches, European of Visit my blog to see wonderful pictures pictures wonderful see to blog my Visit The Term Church is very generic and specific terms can be used to describe, often larger edifices: edifices: larger often describe, to used be can terms specific and generic very is Church Term The During the 11th through 14th centuries, a wave of building of cathedrals and smaller parish churches occurred across Western Europe. Western across occurred churches parish smaller and cathedrals of building of wave a centuries, 14th through 11th the During VOCABULARY Churches are places of worship, often shaped in the form of a cross. cross. a of form the in shaped often worship, of places are Churches Love Churches? Churches? Love ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURE 1650 to 1790 AD 1790 to 1650 Rococo Architecture Rococo Bizantine style Churches style Bizantine CHURCH CHURCH 1890 to 1914 AD 1914 to 1890 AD 1450 to 1100 1600 to 1830 AD 1830 to 1600 and Ottonian styles Ottonian and Art Nouveau Nouveau Art Architecture Gothic Baroque Architecture Baroque for Road Trips Around The World The Around Trips Road for Merovingian, Carolingian Carolingian Merovingian, 4th-5th Century 4th-5th Designed by Miss Coco Miss by Designed 1730 to 1925 AD 1925 to 1730 Period: 500 to 800 AD. 800 to 500 Period: Early Christian churches until until churches Christian Early 1400 to 1600 AD 1600 to 1400 800 to 1200 AD 1200 to 800 Architecture Pre Romanesque Romanesque Pre 527 BD to 565 AD 565 to BD 527 Renaissance Architecture Renaissance Romanesque Period Romanesque Neoclassicism in in Neoclassicism Roman architecture Roman 2,000 1,900 1,800 1,700 1,600 1,500 1,400 1,300 1,200 1,100 1,000 900 800 700 600 400 300 200 100 500 GUIDE Renaissance Roman Empire Roman MINI POCKET POCKET MINI Modern times Modern Middle Ages / Medieval period Medieval / Ages Middle ARCHITECTURAL STYLES TIMELINE STYLES ARCHITECTURAL From the first to the early fourth centuries most Christian In early Romanesque churches, the trasept Crossing of Transept and Nave communities worshipped in private homes, often secretly. was often at the east end, creating a Baptismal Font covered with a Dome or Tower In the 4th century, the first Churches were built, not based Tau Cross. It was later moved toward the North Transept on the Roman temples models, as those were not meant West of the Church, about one third of the for public congregation, but following the floor plans of distance creating the very common Latin Oriented Chapel Cross plan, which is a reminder of Jesus "The Devils Door" Aisle, lower in height Roman basilica which were public spaces for meetings, markets and courts of law. Crhist on the cross. than the nave Rood or Choir Screen Some of the Roman architectural features, like the Atrium, Pulpit were kept. During Middle ages, the north face of a church was considered to belong to the As Christianity and the construction of churches and Narthex Devil. Churches were built either with no cathedrals spread throughout Europe, their building was North door or with a small one from which Choir or Quire dependent upon local materials and local techniques. the Devil could escape the church Many of the earliest churches of Byzantium era have a with raised floor especially during baptism. Parvise longitudinal plan. compare to With Romanesque and Gothic architecture, the transept Other extremely popular shapes for the nave was moved to the West to create the Latin Cross plan. Churches are: Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque styles and Circles, to represent eternity and octagons the various Revival styles of the late 18th to early 20th or similar star shapes, to represent the Apse Atrium centuries had many different interpretations accross Latin Cross floor plan church’s bringing light to the world. with European countries. The axis of a church is generally East/ the Altar Church floor plan based West. The congregation enters from the on Roman architecture West and the Altar is located to the East, Many Gothic Cathedrals kept the longitudinal plan, like the direction of the coming of the Christ. Notre Dame de Paris: Since a lot of Churches have been built on remains of Roman temples, not all of Radiating them respect this alignment. Chapels The most famous church to be oriented West Entrance Ambulatory in the opposite direction is St Peter’s Basilica, in the Vatican. Tower Nave Dedicated Chapel South door Chapels In Abbey, the cloister is often located South Aisle South Transept to the South. Longitudinal floor plan Octogonal floor plan.