Entech House London Road, Woolmer Green Hertfordshire
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Entech House London Road, Woolmer Green Hertfordshire Archaeological Evaluation For CgMs Heritage on behalf of Taylor Wimpey - North Thames CA Project: MK0077 CA Report: MK0077_1 Accession number: WEWHM: 2019.6 June 2019 Entech House London Road, Woolmer Green Hertfordshire Archaeological Evaluation CA Project: MK0077 CA Report: MK0077_1 Accession Number: WEWHM: 2019.6 Document Control Grid Revision Date Author Checked by Status Reasons for Approved revision by A 6/6/19 BHH Ray Internal General Edit Richard Kennedy Review Greatorex This report is confidential to the client. Cotswold Archaeology accepts no responsibility or liability to any third party to whom this report, or any part of it, is made known. Any such party relies upon this report entirely at their own risk. No part of this report may be reproduced by any means without permission. © Cotswold Archaeology © Cotswold Archaeology Entech House, London Road, Woolmer Green, Hertfordshire CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 3 2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND .............................................................. 4 3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES .................................................................................. 6 4. METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................... 6 5. RESULTS (FIGURES 1 – 2) .............................................................................. 7 6. DISCUSSION ..................................................................................................... 8 7. CA PROJECT TEAM ......................................................................................... 9 8. REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 9 APPENDIX A: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS ................................................................... 10 APPENDIX B: OASIS REPORT FORM .......................................................................... 11 APPENDIX C: HERTFORDSHIRE HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT RECORD SUMMARY SHEET ........................................................................................................................... 12 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1 Site location (1:25,000) Figure 2 Trench location plan (1:1000) Figure 3 Trench 1, Photograph Figure 4 Trench 2, Photograph Figure 5 Trench 3, Photograph Figure 6 Trench 4, Photograph Figure 7 Trench 5, Photograph Figure 8 Trench 6, Photograph 1 © Cotswold Archaeology Entech House, London Road, Woolmer Green, Hertfordshire Summary Project Name: Entech House Location: London Road, Woolmer Green, Hertfordshire NGR: 25212 19019 Type: Evaluation Date: 3 June 2019 – 4 June 2019 Planning Reference: 6/2017/0848/MAJ Accession Number: WEWHM: 2019.6 Location of Archive: Welwyn Hatfield: Mill Green Museum Site Code: TECH19 An archaeological evaluation was undertaken at Entech House, London Road, Woolmer Green, Hertfordshire in June 2019. The works comprised of the excavation of six trenches, each measuring 25m by 1.8m. Despite the archaeological potential of the wider environs of the site, all of the trenches were archaeologically sterile with no finds, features or deposits recovered, and no artefactual material pre-dating the modern period was recovered. The archaeological evaluation did reveal a small amount of modern building remains, associated with a recently demolished building. 2 © Cotswold Archaeology Entech House, London Road, Woolmer Green, Hertfordshire 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 In June 2019 Cotswold Archaeology (CA) carried out an archaeological evaluation for CgMs Heritage on behalf of Taylor Wimpey - North Thames at Entech House, London Road, Woolmer Green, Hertfordshire centred on National Grid Reference (NGR) 25212 19019 (see Figure 1). 1.2 The evaluation was undertaken to fulfil a condition of planning permission granted by North Hertfordshire District Council for 72 dwellings and their associated gardens (Ref: 6/2017/0948/MAJ) conditional on a program of archaeological works A No development shall take place/commence until an Archaeological Written Scheme of Investigation has been submitted to and approved by the local planning authority in writing. The scheme shall include an assessment of archaeological significance and research questions; and: 1. The programme and methodology of site investigation and recording; 2. The programme and methodology of site investigation and recording as required by the evaluation; 3. The programme for post investigation assessment; 4. Provision to be made for analysis of the site investigation and recording; 5. Provision to be made for publication and dissemination of the analysis and records of the site investigation; 6. Provision to be made for archive deposition of the analysis and records of the site investigation; 7. Nomination of a competent person or persons/organisation to undertake the works set out within the Archaeological Written Scheme of Investigation B The development shall take place/commence in accordance with the programme of archaeological works set out in the Written Scheme of Investigation approved under condition (A) C The development shall not be occupied/used until the site investigation and post investigation assessment has been completed in accordance with the programme set out in the Written Scheme of Investigation approved under condition (A) and the provision made for analysis and publication where appropriate. 3 © Cotswold Archaeology Entech House, London Road, Woolmer Green, Hertfordshire 1.2 The archaeological evaluation was carried out in accordance with a detailed Written Scheme of Investigation (WSI) produced by CgMs Heritage (2019) and approved by Simon Wood, Historic Environment Advisor to North Hertfordshire District Council. The fieldwork also followed Standard and guidance: Archaeological field evaluation (CIfA 2014) The site 1.3 The proposed development area measures c. 0.5ha in area and is situated to the north of the small village of Woolmer Green, Hertfordshire. It comprises a single plot of land, which previously was used as industrial space. The site is bounded to the north by agricultural land and the south by residential properties and their associated gardens and to the west by railway line. The site lies on reasonably level ground, approximately 94/95m aOD (above Ordnance Datum). 1.4 The bedrock geology of the site is recorded as Lewes Nodular Chalk Formation and Seaford Chalk Formation (BGS 2019). The site is located within an area of very mixed glacial superficial deposits (clay, silt, sand and gravel) and glaciofluvial deposits (sand and gravel) (Ibid). During the evaluation natural geology comprising silty clay, and sandy gravel was identified. 2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND 2.1 The following archaeological background material is summarised from the Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment (CgMs 2017) prepared for the site. Prehistoric (500,000 BC – AD 43) 2.2 A single Palaeolithic axe head was recorded from a gravel quarry north of Heath Road, c. 800m south-west of the site, although the precise location of the find spot is now unknown. 2.3 From aerial photographs of Woolmer Green, it is suggested that there is an extensive later Prehistoric landscape of field systems, enclosures and funerary monuments; however, none of these features have been archaeologically excavated, leaving their date and function unknown. 4 © Cotswold Archaeology Entech House, London Road, Woolmer Green, Hertfordshire 2.4 Two Iron Age coins are noted from the Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS), located to the east of the site. The precise locations of these coins have been kept out of the public domain due to them being made of gold and silver. Roman (AD 43- AD 410) 2.5 No sites suggesting Roman settlement or agricultural activity have been recorded within a 1km radius of the site Early medieval and medieval (AD410 – AD 1539) 2.6 Woolmer Green is not mentioned in Domesday (1086), although the manor of Merdelai (Mardleybury) is noted. The manor is recorded as having nine households and 200 pigs. The presence of such a high number of pigs implies a heavily wooded area, with a very sparse human population inhabiting small homesteads and farmsteads. 2.7 In 1296, Woolmer Green is recorded as being the home of Thomas de Woluemere. Post - medieval and modern periods (AD1540 – present day) 2.8 The 1923 Ordinance Survey Map shows the first development of the site. A large linear building was constructed in the centre of the site, noted as a condensed milk factory. The eastern part of the site had been heavily planted with trees, many still present today. 2.9 The 1937 Ordinance Survey Map shows large scale changes to the site, by which point is noted to be Chemical Works. Adjacent to the London Road a lodge had been built; while to the west, the small structures have been demolished and replaced by a new building. 2.10 Further expansions of the buildings on the site are noted on the 1960 Ordinance Survey map and additional buildings added to the site prior to an aerial image dated to 2000. 2.11 In 2019, prior to the archaeological evaluation, the aforementioned buildings had been demolished. 5 © Cotswold Archaeology Entech House, London Road, Woolmer Green, Hertfordshire 3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 3.1 The objectives of the evaluation are to provide information about the archaeological resource within the site, including its presence/absence, character, extent, date, integrity, state of preservation and quality, in accordance Standard