FEBRUARY 1983 This Nursery Guarantees to Make You A Better Gardener The commitment in our headline is -A staff horticulturist is available to answer neither hubris nor public relations blather. It questions by phone or mail at no charge. He is true, and these are the facts. will also assist in locating plants we don't -Full-color spring and fall catalogues offer. describe over 1,200 items offered and -In Litchfield, we operate a nursery store provide proper botanical names (with plus 10 acres of display gardens and almost pronunciation), hardiness ratings, detailed 40 acres of production blocks which are cultural instructions, and thousands of open to the public. Our retail staff are words of how-to-garden information dis­ trained horticulturists who can intelli­ tilled from 32 years of nursery experience. gently assist in your selections. -Plants are selected on the basis of extensive -This nursery is owned and operated by the trials, propagated and grown by us to undersigned. Our standards of quality and stringent standards, and finally graded, service do not come out of a corporate policy stor'ld, and shipped using traditional manual. They reflect the considered English techniques which are superb, judgement of an experienced and com­ though costly. Every plant we offer is mitted staff. We are accountable to these guaranteed to he true to variety, of standards in every respect. blooming size, and in prime condition for That is our complete sales pitch. Superb growing. Plants of this grade, fresh from plants backed up with service to match. If you the grower, can't eliminate losses entirely, find it persuasive, the first step is a but do reduce the risk substantially-a fact subscription to our catalogues, known col­ which is appreciated by experts but is lectively as The Garden Book. The fee is $5 actually, most beneficial to beginners. which includes all of the above plus a $5 -Every plant shipped is accompanied by credit good on any purchase over $25. It is dif­ planting instructions and a pre-printed ficult to imagine a more rewarding purchase. garden label. Sincerely, Amos Pettingill White flower farm Plantsmen Litcafield 7718, Connecticut 06759-0050 RICAN VOLUME 62 NUMBER 2 -ORTICULTlIRIST

This month we are pleased to introduce to you 25 "new" plants for the garden. Among them are Rhododendron macgregoriae X R. lochae (left); Chrysopsis vil/osa 'Golden Sunshine' (top); and Astrantia 'Margery Fish '.

Guest Editorial: AHS Programs: Looking Ahead by Elizabeth D. Hume 2 Aristolochia by Tovah Martin 4 Book Reviews by Gilbert S. Daniels 8 Strange Relatives: The Dogbane Family by Jane Steffey 10 New Plants for '83 by The Staff of American Horticulturist 15 Fantasy Plants 20 The Tradescant Trust by Josephine Robertson 23 A Favorite Honeysuckle Text and Photography by Pamela Harper 26 Stamp Gardens-Text and Photography by Claire Sawyers 28 Moss and Lichen Gardens by Michael B. Trimble 30 A Catalogue Review by Peter Loewer 33 Sources 37 Pronunciation Guide 38 The Design Page: Vistas Text and Photography by Margaret Hensel 41 Gardener's Marketplace 42

ON THE COVER: Winter scene in rural Virginia. Photograph by Hollen Johnson.

American Horticulturist GUEST EDITORIAL Judy Powell EDITOR

Rebecca K. McClimans ART DIRECTOR AHS PROGRAMS: Barbara W. Ellis ASSOCIATE EDITOR looKING AHFAo Steven H. Davis Jane Steffey EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS turists on a variety of gardening topics of Irene Polansky your choice. Many of the plants grown in PRODUCTION ASSISTANT the Carolina coastal area, both native and H. Marc Cathey introduced, can be grown in other parts Gilbert S. Daniels of the country. We will make it a point to HORTICULTURAL CONSULTANTS sort those out for your interest. Plans are also well under way for the Gilbert S. Daniels Fall Annual Congress in Philadelphia next BOOK EDITOR September 14-18. Many exciting things have been happening in the garden world Louise Baughn of the Delaware Valley during the past few Cindy Weakland ASSIST ANTS TO THE EDITOR years, and we will look with a fresh view at some private gardens turned public May Lin Roscoe (Longwood and the Morris Arboretum), BUSINESS MANAGER as well as a number of very special private gardens. Elizabeth Hume It may seem to some of you that in 1983 EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS AHS is concentrating on the East Coast. DIRECTOR s your new director of horticul­ Never fear- we are headed West, South tural education, I have been spend­ and North in '84-'86. We are eager to hear Connie Clark MEMBERSHIP SUBSCRIPTION Aing the past two months "getting from you about superior gardens in your SERVICE my bearings" in the job. Shifting from one own part of the country. plant-growing zone to another is always One aspect of my job is to help you find John Simmons an expansive experience for me, and this each other and coordinate your enthusi­ Chromagraphics Inc. September's move meant leaving black-eyed asm into regional groups in the years to COLOR SEPARATIONS Susan and goldenrod in the fields and come, so that regional seminars, work­ meadows around Philadelphia to find the shops and even conferences can be put to­ C. Lynn Coy Associates, Inc. Virginia meadow behind my new abode gether in less garden-endowed areas. If you 55 Forest Street Stamford, CT 06902 carpeted with masses of golden groundsel. are enthusiastic about organizing such a (203) 327-4626 As fall proceeded, the striking scarlets of regional group and can dedicate some time, ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVE sweet gum and rich yellows of oak and energy and friends' volunteer efforts, please tulip tree against the blue sky and the dark let me hear from you. The Society is as Potomac seemed more individual and cris­ strong as its membership makes it. We of Replacement Issues of AMERICAN HORTICULTURIST are available at a cost of $2.50 per copy. per- in fact, I'm becoming a confirmed the staff of AHS recognize that there are Virginian already. many more ways in which we may be of The opinions expressed in the articles th at appear in AMERICAN HORTICULTURIST are those of the I have not spent all of my working hours help to the amateur gardener. I hope to authors and are not necessarily those of the Society . They gazing out the window, or on lunch breaks enrich your membership benefits by bring­ 3re presented as contributions to contemporary thought. Manuscripts, art work and photographs sent for possible by the river, however. Plans for our Spring ing expanded programs to many areas of publication will be returned if they are accompanied by a self-addressed, stamped envelope. Symposium (March 19-22) take us to the the country on a more financially reason­ gracious walled gardens of Charleston and able basis than our large meetings have AMERICAN HORTICULTURIST is the official its nearby romantic plantations on the been in the past. To do this is going to publication of The American Horticultural Society, 7931 East Boulevard Drive, Alexandria, Virginia 22308, (703) Ashley and Cooper Rivers. We will ex­ take money, time and in-put from you, our 768-5700, and is issued monthl" . Membership in the amine these Carolina lowlands in their his­ members. I am looking forward to hearing Society includes a subscription to AMERICAN HORTICULTURIST. Membership dues start at $20.00 a toric context, learning about the adapta­ from you and meeting you in the months year, $12.00 of which is designated fo r AMERICAN HO RTICULTURIST. Copyright © 1983 by The tion of city gardens to historic restoration, and years ahead. American Horticultural Society. [SSN 0096-441 7. Second­ and of rice plantations to more contem­ class postage paid at Alexandria, Virginia and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Please send Form porary horticultural attractions. There will 3579 to AMERICAN HORTICULTURIST, Moun'. be plenty of time to explore Charleston's Vernon, Virginia 22121. galleries, antique shops and historic houses Member of Society of National Association Publications on your own, or to become involved in Elizabeth D. Hume discussions over breakfast with horticul- Director, Education

2 February 1983

THE INDOOR GARDENER

ARIs IOlOCHIA

limbing nimbly over the em­ bankment to my front door is a C curious, heart-leaved vine whose inconspicuous flowers appear in late sum­ mer. I would scarcely notice the vine since there is plenty to arrest my eye at that time of year were it not Aristolochia. Although the blossom is seemingly insignificant, closer inspection reveals a very complex struc­ ture. It exhibits the same strange form present throllghout Aristolochiaceae-a long tube leading to a plump pouch. Ar­ istolochia flowers are often likened to a bird's gracefully bent neck and bill, caus­ ing it to acquire such nicknames as the pelican flower: or swan flower. The blossom's unique shape is not purely accidental; it is absolutely necessary for the plant's survival. Aristolochias are not self-pollinated. Flies are lured into its "par­ lor" by a fetid odor many species exude and the fleshy, carrion-like coloration of the flowers. Once an insect has gained en­ try into the tube, it easily slides down the flower's hairy throat, for all hairs point distributed throughout the tropics and downward. After it has pollinated the re­ subtropics. The largest distribution is in ceptive stigma, the fly prepares to take its Brazil and the island of Hispaniola. North leave only to find itself imprisoned. The America claims only four native species: hairs that facilitated the fly's entry now A. serpentaria, A. californica, A. tomen­ point sharply toward it like so many bran­ tosa and A . durior. The best known of dished swords. The insect has no choice these is A. serpentaria, famed for its use but to stay the night. It is hardly a pleasant in folk medicine. sojourn, and the fly struggles pitifully. Ar­ Aristolochias have been used medici­ istolochia plays the proper host, however, nally since ancient times. The plant's name and will not allow its guest to go hungry, was derived from the Greek Aristolocheia: obligingly nourishing the fly with nectar aristos meaning best and locheia meaning oozing from small nectaries in its cmamber. birth. At a time when a plant's virtues were On the second day the anthers ripen in thought to be revealed in its physical form, the fly's chamber and shed their pollen on aristolochia's leaf shape was perceived to the struggling insect. This pollen is to be resemble the uterus and thus the plant was carried to another flower. With their pur­ believed efficacious in childbirth. Dios­ pose accomplished the flowers begin to corides mentions that the dried roots in wither. As the formerly sharp tube hairs wine would bring away both birth and wilt they no longer block the insect's es­ afterbirth. It is known that consuming the cape route through the tube. The fly is free. Aristolochia gigantea, above, and A. fim­ roots can cause abortion. Apparently it is none the worse for having briata, top, are two South American species Since Graeco-Roman times Aristolochia that make interc;:sting house plants. spent the night imprisoned and none the has been employed in connection with can­ wiser either, for it willingly brings its pol­ tract flies, Nature created some very beau­ cers. Research into the use of aristolochic len to another Aristolochia flower where tiful artwork. Although the North Amer­ acid as a cancer drug has continued into it will once again be obliged to linger ican species are relatively small and dull modern medicine. In 1908, Rho Chi, the overnight. colored, many of the tropical Aristolochia honorary pharmaceutical society in the If this saga suggests the incredible, the species are unusllally striking, displaying United States, was known as the Aristo­ flower's appearance is even more so. In bright colors and intricate markings. lochic Society. Unfortunately, the plant her effort to invent flowers that would at- There are 450 species of Aristolochia failed to exhibit any appreciable results as

4 February 1983 ( The self-sufficiency \ machine ... cuts the a cancer cure, and testing was abandoned heavy stuff with easel in favor of more promising leads. Have a more productive vegetable As with many plants Aristolochia was gard en, keep brush and saplings from credited by the original herbalists with nu­ faking over spaces and harvest small grains and hay. Self-propelled sickle merous medicinal powers. Among its many bar mower cuts through presumed virtues the plant was said to cure heavy stuff with ease. rheumatis m, ulcers and feve rs, especiall y Handles easily uphill , downhill or over rough typhoid. People fo und other uses fo r the ground . Floating 38" vine as well . Peter Treveris wrote in The sickle knife follows Grete Herball, dated 1526, that the smoke ground contour. rndiv idual steering of Aristolochia " maketh the patient merry clutches. Own this marvelously" and " dryveth all devylssh­ professional model for a cost equal to nesse and trouble out of the house." or less than com­ A warning is imperative here- A risto­ petitive commercial lochia is known to be poisonous if con­ machines . sumed in quantity. It causes violent irri­ tation to the gastro-intestinal tract and GLECKLER'S kidneys and also affects the respiratory SEEDMEN o Send me fr ee literature system. The res ults can be as severe as o En closed is $3.00 for a 24-Page Operation Metamora, Ohio 43540 paralys is or even coma and death. A pop­ Manual and 8-Page Brochure on "Gardening With a Sickle Bar " ular cure for gout known as Portl and pow­ D Please rush me my Free PRINT NAME ______der and made with Aristolochia in com­ Unusual Seed Catalog. I bination with gentian and centaury was I Name ______ADDRESS ______CITY ______STATE __ ZIP __ once popular. The mixture was prescri bed I Add ress ______to be drunk every morning for three months. I I City ------______110"0 m..n CO Depl563217D N. Pascal Sl Patients o ften exp erienced diminished 11'- ~ SI. Paul. MN 55104 symptoms and continued to use the mi x­ : State Zip ______\ 61216444666) ture, only to die eventuall y from the dam­ L ~ ·~~2 ______~ age done to their stomach. ~"'------' Aristolochia serpentaria, the native North American vine, gained its name by virtue of its use as a medicine. The Ameri can BLUESTONE Indians taught the new settlers few of their herbal cures. They did divulge one secret, ~PERE~NIALS however-their practice of applying A . serpentaria to rattlesnake bites. Thus the plant gained both its botanical and com­ mon names, its nickname being Virginia snakeroot. In Appalachia the vine is still ••• We grow beautifuL used for this purpose, although the benefits are unsubstantiated. perennials at a price A. durior, the vine in my garden, was first introduced by John Bartram. We have you will like!!! this ardent Quaker and botanist to thank for introducing the scores of native Amer­ The plants that return to bloom season after season giving old and new gardeners years of pleasure are our specialty . .. perennials. ican plants he collected and traded with his correspondent and fellow plant enthu­ From the early spring mound of white Iberis, to summer's perky Shasta siast, John Collinson of Britain. A vigorous Daisies, to the late fall blooming chrysanthemums, perennials delight the vine, A . durior can easily envelope a wall eye. or hide a porch from passers-by. N atu­ Bluestone grows 300 varieties of perennials under controlled conditions. ralized throughout New England, this vine These sturdy small plants are ready to be shipped to you in the spring, should tolerate the cold, although it suffers healthy and well rooted - each plant guaranteed. when exposed to alternating periods of freezing and thawing. After a particularly Please send for our free catalog. We will be pleased to hear from you. rough winter my vine will make a slow, Name ______lethargic journey up the embankment, Ad&ess ______barely reaching the porch by summer's end. In a milder year the vine more enthusi­ City, State, Zip ______astically scampers up the hill, nearl y every 7223 MIDDLE RIDGE RD., MADISON, OHIO 44057 node baring its curious flower.

American Horticulturist 5 THE INDOOR GARDENER CONT'D

Those who wish to cultivate a hardy with fetid odors. Instead the tube is marked aristolochia outdoors should have little with bright yellow, which contrasts with difficulty. Furnishing the thirsty roots with the deep maroon and white of the outer sufficient water can prove a problem, how­ limb. Although a rampant grower, a spec­ ever. Although aristolochias are heavy imen of A. gigantea easily can be kept within drinkers, they prefer not to sit in water. A reasonabl~ limits by winding the vine Make every day well drained spot similar to the one my around a large trellis. This will also create snakeroot enjoys is the ideal situation. The a compact display of flowers and buds. a SUN day. broad foliage on the aristolochia vine is A. elegans is a smaller version of A. gi­ With a Janco greenhouse subject to wilting in full summer sun. gantea. Flowers are one-third the size and that'sjuSt right for your home Therefore, select a spot with morning sun ar~ nestled among equally scal~d down or business. Free-standing Of but afternoon shade. In fall, protect the heart-shaped leaves. Each flower is marked lean-to. Janco greenhouses are vines with a thick layer of mulch to shelter with similar maroon and cream markings all-aluminLlmfof easy care antj them from winter's punishments. aecented by a yellow throat. The flower come with regular or factory:­ Few aristolochias are commonly culti­ sealed insulated glass. A cttoice of A. elegans is more cupped when open of attractive finishes, tool Start vated as ornamentals. The fault lies partly than that of A. gigantea. witM a Janco and you'll emjoy in the unpleasant odor that some species A . peruviana is also a notable speci~s years of growiO!!:l Sl:lccess. emit. Such species as the exotic A. grandi­ for indoor growers. This plant blooms for Send $2.00 ror our 48-pa~e flora var. sturtevantii, with its huge, crum­ only one w~ek during the summer with a color catalog featuring the pled flowers, each dangling a three-foot­ large cluster of flowers opening many at largest selection of greenhouses long tail, understandably may never come a time. Each blossom is a masterpiece in and accessories. ,A.Uowf~utI:'~;;;;' . into cultivation because of their stench. markings of copper brown and bright yel­ The flower of A. ringens is adorned by two low. The massive effect of a cluster of such six-inch limbs that resemble a gaping duck's flowers opening in unison is awesome. bill. Unfortunately, it too smells like spoiled A. fimbriata, a subtropical species, is the meat. However, there are aristolochias that least presumptuous in appearance of all do not suffer f~om this failing, using their Aristolochia cultivated indoors. The flow­ brightly colored limbs rather than their ers are only one inch in size, and the c::olor aroma to lure insects. The only reason they is an inconspicuous light brown and pale rqREE; qi'RDEN;: aren't available is because growers or buy­ green. Crowning the tip of the flower are ers don't know they exist. They are cer­ numerous tendrils standing out as if in \ . I -<, ,,', . tainly worthy of cultivation. shock. When the blossom dies the tendrils I '. , ~ I Aristolochia is well suited as a house quickly fold inward toward the throat. In­ plant; it grows rapidly and blooms freely. terestingly, it is this modest species' flower I I The vines prefer full sun-a south window that is immortaliz~d in the famous glass I I would be ideal. Temperatures should range flower exhibit of the Ware Collection in between 55-65° F at night. A large trellis the Peabody Museum in Cambridge, Mas­ : Justly Famous For : into which span~ ends are tied will help sachusetts. Magnified in size many times, contain the vine. the flower demonstrates the strange pol­ I Rhododendrons I Aristolochia grows in spring and sum­ lination sequence unique to this family. A I Azaleas I mer. A few species go completely dormant huge glass fly acts as pollinator. A. fim­ I Japanese Maples I in winter, but the rootstock lives and in briata, like many other members of the Dwarf Conifers spring growth resumes. As the days lengthen family, can easily b~ grown from seed. Wh~n I Bonsai Materials I in late winter, begin to water dormant vines the fruit is ripe, collect and store it until • Flowering Trees & Shrubs • and apply fertilizer as growth escalates. the following spring. Seed sown in the spring I Rock Garden Plants I Increase the dosage slowly to once ~very will bloom the same year. This is the best two weeks in spring and summer. By method of reproducing species that go dor­ I Good selection of I midspring new growth should be rampant. mant, such as A. peruviana, A. ringens, I unusual Horticulture Books - • As the vine grows, be careful not to rip and A. fimbriata. the tendrils from objects onto which they A. elegans and A. gigantea will propa­ I Color catalog describes, prices over I grab for this would discourage bud for­ gate easily from stem cuttings taken in spring • 2000 plants. Widely recognized as a I mation. Instead, guide the vine onto its and summ~r. The stem may be cut into valuable reference book $2.00. I I own trellis before it reaches elsewhere. many small s~gments, each containing at A. gigantea is th~ most popular member least one leaf node. Root them in clean, of the genus for indoor cultivation. Nick­ sharp sand at a temperature of 65° F. 0 : WORLD WIDE SHIPPING : named "the Dutchman's pipe," its huge -Tovah Martin pouch flutes into an intricately patterned Tovah Martin is the begonia specialist at I Dept AH 1280 Goodpasture Is. Rd. I. flower often reaching six inches in width. Eugene, Oregon, 97401 Logee's Greenhouses in Danielson, I Fortunately, A. gigantea does not find it Connecticut. She is also a freelance writer 1.. ______(503) 68&8266 _ J necessary to advertise its pollen chamber and photographer.

6 February 1983 "Yours Through The Magic of Plant Breeding" At last, a medium-sized Everbearing strawberry from seed. Enjoy sweet, juicy, berries which come in a steady stream from the robust plants all summer long. Not only is SweetHeart a taste temptress, but she's also the first Everbearing strawberry you can grow from seed or buy as seedlings from your nurseryman. SweetHeart is so sweet and juicy you'll rediscover the simple joy of eating strawberries right off the plant or in shortcakes and sauces for dessert. SweetHeart strawberry is one of several seed breeding breakthroughs in the past several years. You'll find in the Stokes catalog the first potato from seed, Explorer, a tomato that "1",01'0,,, from the inside out, Basket Vee, shrunken gene super sweet corns such as Northern Super Sweet and all the other recent developments in seed breeding. These new varieties plus all your old favorites are among the 1400 flower, vegeta and accessories in Stokes Seeds Free Catalog.

Send today for y FREE COpy!

------TO: STOKES SEEDS I 1133 Stokes Bldg., I St. Catharines, Ont. L2R 6R6 I ( ) Rush My Free Stokes Catalog to: I Name ______------I A~re~ . L ______~ I City State Zip ___ HORTICUllURAL EXPLORATIONS BooK REvIEws

ORIENTAL GARDENS

Savill Gardens, in Windsor Great Park

The American Horticultural Society proudly presents more of its spring Ex­ plorations. They are especially designed and exclusive. We visit both private and public gardens. In addition, local escorts give us highlights of history, scenery, and culture. These programs are suitable for all levels of horticultural interest THE CLASSICA L GARDENS O F Chinese gardens as well as their influence ENGLAND AND CHELSEA CHINA~HIS TO R Y A N D DESIGN on Japanese and Wes tern ga rdens. The fin e (May 5-19) TECHN IQUES. photographs illustrate the principIes di s­ It is generally conceded that the British are Yang Hongxun. Van Nostrand Reinhold cussed and also show details of extant ga r­ the keenest gardeners in the world We see dens that can be visited today. this in both the large public gardens we visit Company, New York, New York. 1982. like Wisley and in the private homes as welL 128 pages; hardcover, $29.95. A HS japanese Gardens approaches the sub­ where you have a chance to discuss gardening discount price, $23.75 including postage ject by analyzing in detail 10 outstanding with the owners such as Rosemary Verey of and handling. ga rdens and then discusses the ori gins of Barnsley House. Visit the Chelsea Flower these garden design conc e pt s~b o th the ef­ Show. Also there is an autumn departure, JAPAN ESE GARDENS-DESIGN September 8-22. fects of Chinese influence and the culture AND M EA N ING. GERMANY AND IGA '83 and landscape of Japan. Two fin al chap­ (May 26-June 9) Mitchell Bring and j osse Wayembergh. ters on Principles of Design and Construc­ The intensity of horticultural interest in Ger­ McGraw-Hill Book Company. New ti on Detail s round out the subject. Exten­ many is demonstrated in their great parks, York, New York. 1981. 214 pages; sive ga rden pl ans add significantly to the public and private gardens, fine nurseries and hardcover, $27.50. A HS discount price, va lue of the many excellent photographs. a total of 39 botanic gardens. Our itinerary will include a fraction of these as well as $23.25 including postage and handling. A Guide to the Gardens of Kyoto is far numerous other cultural and historical features. more than the title indicates . Not onl y is A highlight will be IGA '83 , the International A GUIDE T O THE GARDENS OF the specific development of gardens within Horticultural Exhibition in Munich that will KYOTO. the city of Kyoto covered, but the historical surpass Floriade in Amsterdam Since our Marc Treib and Ron Herman. development of Japanese garden design Floriade Tour sold out in 1982, we have planned a fall departure for September 6-20. Shufun otom o Company. Tokyo. 1980. from 4,000 BC to the present is also dis­ 202 pages; softcover, $9.95. A HS Other horticultural explorations available in cussed. Since Kyoto is " the garden city of 1983 are: China (March 31 -ApriI18), Ber­ discount price, $9.70 including postage Japan," an analysis of its gardens will il­ muda(ApriI30-May 7), Spring Japan (April and handling lustrate the development of ga rdening in 28- May 18), Canadian Rockies(July 16-30), These three books, all written by archi­ Japan. South Africa( Sept 9-30), Fall New England tects, provide an easil y understood intro­ If yo u are planning a trip to the O ri ent, (Oct 3-17), Fall Orient (Nov. 1-24). ducti on to the gardens of the O ri ent and these three books can serve to make such F or any of these programs, please write for a trip a remarkable educati onal and aesth­ your free brochure to Mrs. Dorothy Sowerby, the design principles behind them. American Horticultural Society, Mt Vernon, The Classical Gardens of China has been eti c experi ence. If yo u have to stay home, VA 22121. Or telephone 1-703-768-5700. translated from the Chinese and deals with yo u can still be inspired by the gardening the 3,000-year-old tradition of formal excell ence of the Far East.

8 February 1983 THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL SOUTH AFRICA GARDEN ILLUSTRATED PROTEAS FOR PLEASURE grown nearl y everywhere. In the sun belt ENCYCLOPEDIA OF 5th Edition. Sima Eliovson. Macmillian areas where a more favorabl e climate en­ H ORTICULTURE. South Africa. Johannesburg. 1979. 227 courages the use of South African plants Thomas H. Everett. Garland Publishing, pages; hardcover, $19.95. AHS discount in the landscape, these three books, written Inc. New York, New York. 1982.3,601 price, $18.45 including postage and for South African gardeners, can serve di ­ pages (10 volumes); hardcover, $525.00. handling. rectly as garden guides for a most o ut­ The tenth and last volume of this monu­ standing flora. For those of us who must mental work has now been published. Thus SHRUBS, TREES AND CLIMBERS garden in harsher climates, many of these has been completed the most autho ritative FOR SOUTHERN AFRICA. plants can be grown in the greenho use or an d extensive gard ening encyclopedi a 9th Edition. Sima Eliovson. Macmillan on the windowsill. Pro teas for Pleasure written in the last 25 years and the first South Africa. Johannesburg. 1981. 270 and Wildflowers of Southern Africa both real encyclopedi a published in America si nce pages; hardcover, $32.50. A HS discount deal exclusive ly with South Afri can natives the beginning of this century. This seri es price, $29.25 including postage and and thus serve not o nl y as ga rdening books is a " must" for any seri o us gardener.O handling. but also as excell ent guides to one of the -Gilbert S. Daniels world's ri chest fl o ras. Shrubs, Trees and Dr. Gi lbert S. Daniels is th e Immedi ate Past WILD FLOWERS OF SOUTH ERN Climbers is directed more at gardening in President of th e Ame ri can Horticultural AFRICA South Afri ca and thus discusses a selection Society. 6th Edition. Sima Eliovson. Macmillan of pl ants from all over the world as well South Africa. Johannesburg. 1980. 310 as th e mo re o utst a nding South Africa pages; hardcover, $32.50. A HS discount na ti ves. price, $29.25 including postage and If you garden in the South or West, these ORDER foRM handling. three books can significan tl y expand your 0 The Classical Gardens of ho ri zons. If you are traveling to South Africa Long the outstanding garden writer of South China-History and Design Africa, Sima Eliovson is well known wher­ then you will want to know mo re about Techniques $23.75 ever the plants of South Africa are grown. the wonders you a re going to see. Either o Japanese Gardens-Design And since the plants o f that part of the way, South Afri can flora is most and Meaning 23.25 world are so exoti c and colorful, they are remarkable. 0 A Guide to the Gardens of Kyo to 9.70 0 Proteas for Pleasure 18.45 Shrubs, Trees and Climbers ARBORICULTURE-CARE OF And with its excell ent color photos and 0 for Southern Africa 29.25 TREES, SHRUBS AND VINES IN concise descriptions of almost 1,400 spe­ 0 Wild Flowers of Southern THE LANDSCAPE. cies of nati ve or naturalized plants, it sho uld Africa 29.25 Richard W. Harris . Prentice-Hall, Inc. serve as a model fo r a nyone preparing a 0 Arboriculture--Care of Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. 1983. popular flora for a ny other country. Pl ants Trees, Shrubs and Vines in 688 pages; hardcover, $34.95. AHS are grouped together by plant fami ly, and the Landscape 32.95 discount price, $32.95 including postage the side-by-side illustrations of related spe­ 0 The New Concise British and handling. cies greatly simplifies identification. Flora 21.25 Useful Wi ld Plants in This is a college textbook on how to grow 0 Australia 16.25 and care for trees in the landscape. Fol­ USEFUL WILD PLANTS IN lowing discussions of the value of trees to AUSTRALIA. Enclosed is my check for __ books man and how trees grow, four chapters Alan B. Cribb and Joan W. Cribb. are devoted to planting and transplanting, For the total amount of ______Col/ins. Sydney and London. 1981. 269 and the fin al 10 chapters are devoted to pages; hardcover, $17.50. AHS discount Please allow six weeks for delivery. Discount caring for established trees. If you want to price, $16.25 including postage and price includes postage. Virginia residents add know how a professional would solve your handling. 4% sales tax. tree problems, reading this book is a good way to learn. This book contains information on more Mail to: Marjorie Behrens than 450 Australian plant species useful American Horticultural Society to man. The plants are grouped by type of P.O. Box 0105 THE NEW CONCISE BRITISH FLORA. use, which varies from essential oils and Mount Vernon, Virginia 22121 4th Edition. W. Keble Martin. Exbury tannins to fi sh poisons and tuber trees. The Press. London. 1982. 247 pages; uses of wild plants on the other side of the Ship to: ______hardcover, $25.00. AHS discount price, earth may not seem a fitting subject for Street: ______$21.25 including postage and handling. American gardeners, but many of the plants This latest, amplified and corrected edition discussed are grown in our gardens, and City: ______is recommended for two reasons. Visitors a knowledge of their potential economic to the British Isl es will find it an invaluable value can make your own garden all the State: ______Zip: _____ aid to the identification of wildflowers. more interesting.

American Horticulturist 9 STRANGE RELATIVES

1HE DocBANE FAMllY

n insignificant roadside weed with inconspicuous, although fragrant Aflowers, has given both its common name and its botanical name to the family to which it belongs. It is the common dog­ bane, botanically Apocynum, family Apo­ cynaceae. With its small, pinkish blossoms and undistinguished foliage, common dog­ bane seems far removed from the numer­ ous elegantly ornamental members of the family and from those illustrious in medicine. The name dogbane-does any plant have a less appealing name?-appears to have evolved from a long prevailing belief that this plant was injurious to dogs. In any case, Linnaeus chose two Greek words meaning "dog away" to construct the bo­ tanical name Apocynum for a common North American plant. The dogbane family is of worldwide dis­ tribution, being most abundant in the tropics. Trees, shrubs, vines and herbs of economic as well as ornamental value are among the 150 genera. Sap of all parts of the plants is a latex or milky juice. Sweet and harmless, or bitter and more or less poisonous, this latex is of commercial im­ portance in some species as the base of a type of rubber-and of bubble gum. Sev­ eral species produce edible fruits, others are known as timber trees. The folklore associated with some species has brought them prominence as their natural healing properties have been examined and incor­ porated in certain modern clinical trials and treatments. Decorative members of this family are well-known shrubs and vines of warm cli­ mates and greenhouse culture, adding fra­ grance and color wherever they are found. In the dogbane family, leaves are simple, usually opposite, but sometimes alternate or in whorls on the stem. Flowers are, with Nerium oleander Illustration by Kath!een Craw fo rd few exceptions, borne in clusters at the ends of branches; they have five fused se­ centuries, this native of the Old World has The genus Vinca is somewhat unusual in pals and five petals united below into a acquired a long list of common names, the family because of its solitary flowers. tube with free petal lobes, creating fun­ among them running myrtle and periwin­ V. minor is the common creeping myrtle,. nelform or salverform blossoms. Fruits are kle. The latter is such a favorite that Apo­ hardy in much of the United States, thriv­ paired, either fleshy and non-splitting or cynaceae is listed frequently as the peri­ ing in the shade and of inestimable value dry and splitting. winkle family. Vinca is still known, as a groundcover. V. major, blue buttons, The most useful genus for gardens in popularly, by its Latin name, which means being less hardy, is popular as a green­ temperate climates is Vinca. Because of the a long, tough shoot, as applied to the trail­ house pot plant. popularity of Vinca minor through the ing evergreen subshrub nature of the plant. Madagascar periwinkle or rose peri win-

10 February 1983 NOW•.• BY MAIL! FLOWER ARRANGING HOME GARDENER'S SUPPLIES: CATALOG kl e is an example of the confusion that Tools, Techniques, arises in use of common names and changes in botanical cl assi fi cation. Rose peri win ­ Tricks of the Trade! kl e, fo rm erl y Vinca rosea, is now Cathar­ anthus roseus. From its o ri gins in the O ld SPECIAL OFFER - World tropi cs this tender species has be­ MAKES A GREAT GIFT: come naturalized th rougho ut the tropics . As a bedding pl ant o r in pots in no rthern The Original gardens, it is an everblooming annual with showy fl owers of white o r pink. Stem Stripper Folklore and witch docto r ta les are as­ A unique tool for removing thorns and leaves from stems. sociated with many plants in the dogbane fa mily. In modern medi cine we have be­ 95 including • We offer over 500 garden varieties only $9ea. postage (, handling come accustomed to the use of some of • Select Oriental Vegetables the products o r deri va ti ves o f chemi cal ex­ ------• Productive Short Season Varieties perimentation in iti ated because of a cur­ The Keth Company • New Oregon Sugar Pod II iosity about the healing power of plants. Box 128. De pt. PH·1 • Over 100 Herb Seeds and Plants Exhausti ve study has been made of the fo lk Oceanside. Ca lifornia 92054 medi cine uses of vincas, including rose per­ • Saffron Crocus • Garlic • Shallots iwinkle. It is V. rosea that produces a drug Pl ease se nd m e __Or l glnaJ S tem S t rlpper(s)at $9.95 now used in cancer treatment; the vinca each including posta ge and handling. Enclosed is my Icheck Free 1983 Complete Seed Catalog or money order (Sorry. no c.o.O.s. CA res _add 60C ea . l ax.) connection appea rs as the syll able vin in including Nichols New Vegetable o Pl ease se nd your FR EE Complete List o f Floral Supplies. the name of a li fe-saving pharmaceutical. PLEASE Planting & Harvest Guide PRINT The success with Vinca in producing ex­ Name tracts fo r clinical trials definitely started a Nichols Garden Nursery Address trend in botani cal screening programs at 1190 West Pacific Cl ly ____ Albany, Oregon 97321 the N ational Institutes of Hea lth. T he fact that vinca alkaloids are chemi ca ll y unique Stale. ZIP __ Over 30 years oj reliability and servia! has had a far-reaching effect upon basic Satisfaction Guaranteed or Your Money Back! medical research. O ther species besides the rose periwinkle have been found to furnish effi cacious products. Rauvolfia, (sometimes spell ed Rauwol­ WATER-LILIES fia) has been used as a folk remedy in India fo r at least 30 centuries. It was used as an in your garden antidote for snake bite, for its calming ef­ fect on lunacy, and for soothing fretful Lilyponscatalogue babies. It was first mentioned in a medical features everything treatise dating from about 1000 B. C. and was introduced to Europe in 1563 in a needed for your book on Hindu medicine. garden pool, Rauvolfia species are fo und growing including the pool naturally throughout the tropics with the exception of Australi a; widely separated primitive peoples have used this genus in an identical fashion, almost universally ac­ Lilypons Water Gardens claiming it as an antidote for snake bite and poisoning, and in treatment of ma­ niacal forms o f insanity. All parts of the Waterlilies, Lotus, Aquatic plants, Goldfish, Scavengers, plant have been used, internally and ex­ Koi Fiberglass garden pools, PVC pool1iners, Sweeps, ternally, to cure- and sometimes to kill. Filters, Pumps, Lights, Statuary, Books and much more. In modern medicine, Rauvolfia serpen­ tina, R. vomitoria and R. canescens are New colorful Lilypons catalogue and seasonal mini catalogs, S3.00. important sources of drugs that rank high among prescriptions written fo r natural Nam. ~ ______~ ____~ ______LILYPONS WATER GARDENS (Please p rint) products. From research on Rauvolfia came 1502 Amhort Road 1502 LUypons Road the first understanding of the biochemical Adrues~s ______LUypons. ~laryland 21717 Brookshire, Texas 77423 (301) 874-5133 (713) 934-8525 basis for mental illness and mental health, City'---______. ______and to help the sufferer, a drug-reserpine. YES, Please send m e the new color- This plant long fa miliar to Oriental med-

American Horticulturist 11 MOST STRANGE RELATIVES CONT'D EFFECTl\lE DEER icine, has achieved respectability in West­ seed. All parts of this plant are poisonous REPELLENT ern medicine. to animals and man. But the seed contains Developed by the Weyerhaeuser Strophanthus, the corkscrew flower, is a digitalis-like substance and from it is Co. EPA approved for conifers, a vigorous scandent shrub, that is, it leans manufactured the drug thevetin, a remedy non-bearing fruit trees, orna­ rather than climbs 'on a support. In Africa, in hean disease. The name Thevetia hon­ mental shrubs. Used by foresters, various species of Strophanthus have long ors Andre Thevet (1502-1592), a French orchardists, tree growers, home­ been used for arrow poisons, and it is in monk who travelled in Br<\zil and Guyana. owners. Proved over 85% effec­ Africa that intensive exploration and col- Cerbera, ot which there are six species tive -lasts about 2 months. native to Madagascar, tropical Asia, Aus­ tralia and the P<\cific islands, is sometimes Spray on liquid form in dry weather Cultivars of Nerium olean­ planted as an ornamental in warm regions. OR dust on powder inwet con- der include sweet scented ditions. - It is the source of cerberin, a drug that has and double-flowered types. digitalis-like action on the heart; the active ORDER FROM YOUR principle is probably identical with FORESTRY SUPPLIER, But beware! All parts of OR DIRECT thevetine. this favorite decorative In the genus Nerium, two species of erect 1 gallon kit (2-part system, mix with water) OR 16 oz powder (no plant are poisonous if in­ evergreen shrubs occur, one native to the mixing) $23.50. Both protect Mediterranean region and the other to the gested. slopes of the Himalayas. N. oleander, rose about 400 trees 2 ft. tall. bay, with dull, dark-green leaves mostly in 5 gal. kit OR 5lbs.powder $78.00 lection has been conducted to acquire the whorls of three, is an ornamental five- to Postage Paid. Send check to: species to which healing powers have been seven-foot bush or tree grown outdoors in attributed. Some of these have recently been warm climates as a hedge or background DIIR.AVWAYT~M. accepted as useful drugs in Western med­ tree or in tubs for terrace and patio gardens Dept: AH icine. The seeds of several species yield an and greenhouse culture elsewhere. Flowers 712 15th Avenue NE important cardiac drug. S. sar~entosus is at the tips of branches may be white, yel­ Minneapolis, MN 55413 a source of commercial cortisone, and the lowish, rose-pink, red or purple. Cultivars drug strophanthin comes from S. hispidus. include sweet scented and double-flowered Dr. David Livingstone, the missionary­ types. But beware! All parts of this favorite explorer, noted in his journal in 1861: "We decorative plant are poisonous if ingested. Inside observed natives hunting with poisoned Its milky juice contains lethal amounts of arrows. The poison is called 'Kombe' and chemicals similar to those in other species Gardening it is obtained from a species of Strophan­ from which useful drugs have been de­ with thus. It is very virulent, but Kombe may rived. From lovely to lethal, how close the turn out to be a valuable remedy." line in the dogbane family! eveJl!de® Among the 60 Strophantus species grown As mentioned in their descriptions, most GREENHOUSES experimentally for their medicinal poten­ of these pogbanes from which beneficial tial by the U. S. Department of Agriculture, drugs are ob~ained have ornamental value the only ol'le that showed promise as an as well. In addition, the family is blessed ornamental was S. preussii, a sprawling, with a large number of other handsome viney shrub. The corkscrew flower appel­ flowering plants which lend themselves to lation refers to the tips of the flower petals various garden and conservatory uses, that stream down a foot or more, like a among them Allamanda, Carissa, Man­ beard, or like ribbon streamers at a party, devilla and Beaumontia. and they last a long time. The flowers, Allamanda is named in honor of Dr. J. borne in clusters, are white with reddish: N. S. Allamand of Leyden, Holland, who 100% INSULATED MODELS AVAILABLE. brown stripes in the throat, with the color sent seeds of this plant to Linnaeus from Everlite answers all your needs all year· round with: repeated il'l the streamers. Also promising his travels in the tropics. Allamanda is the • Over 140 models starting at $375. as an ornamental is S. dichotomus, a large best loved and most widely planted of • Precision prefabrication for fast assembly. evergreen shrub or climber; its flowers, evergreen flowering plants in warm gar­ • Quality engineered throughout. too, are curious, the petal lobes developing dens. It can be a shrub, scandent against • Full accessories line including automatic climate controls. into narrow, twisted, purple appendages walls and fences, a canopy or hedge, Write for $2 Color Catalog AH, three inc)1es long. blooming ip profusion, its glossy foliage refunded on purchase over $100. and gorgeous yellow cupped flowers al­ Call Toll Free (800) 321-3050 @ Thevetia peruviana, yellow oleander, a In Ohio (216) 251-6100 Since 30-foot ~vergreen tree, is widely planted ways on' parade. Most of the cultivated c5Uumi11pm 1952 as an ornamental in Hawaii and south forms appear to be varieties of A. cathartica. Qreenlzpuses, bJ.,c. Florida. Its terminal clusters of orange to Common allamanda or golden trumpet P.O. Box 11087 yellow, f~agrafit, bell-shaped flowers ma­ is a Brazilian species with flowers two inches Cleveland, Ohio ture to irregularly shaped fruit resembling deep and three inches across in clusters at 44111 small apples. Each contains one nutlike branch tips; the bright-yellow petals have

12 February 1983 Expand Your Horticultural Expertise With These Valuable Guides

HYDROPONICS FOR VNR COLOR DICTIONARY THE CLASSICAL THE HOME GARDENER OF HERBS & HERBALISM GARDENS OF CHINA Revised Edition Malcolm Stuart Yang Hongxun Stewart Kenyon Familiarize yourse lf with natural aids to a Now let the Chinese themselves take you Get larger, higher quality yields in confined healthier life-herbs. You 'lI find 425 herbs cov­ through the spectacular history of their gar­ areas-by using hydroponics. This revised edi­ ered in detail, complete with botanical descrip­ dens. You 'lI find dozens of photographs that tion explains how to construct or buy a hydro­ tions and information on habitats, methods of illustrate the treasures of Chinese garden archi­ ponic system and how to choose all necessary cultivation, and uses. Over 250 superb photo­ tecture. Yang Hongxun traces garden building maintenance materials. It even offers recipes graphs and specially commissioned drawings, from its ori gins-as far back as King Wen of created by top chefs who have their own hydro­ as well as a thorough glossary, conversion the Zhou dynasty in the tenth century B.C.­ ponic gardens. You'lI find out how to grow a tables, and a list of botanical organizations are and follows its development to the magnificent multitude of fresh herbs, tasty salad vegetables, included. 160 pp. , 8Y4 x I Jlj4. iI/us., $12.95 culmination in Yi He Yuan, the Imperial Gar­ houseplants, and indoor flowers in any season. paper dens of the Summer Palace outside Beijing. "Very c1ear."-American Horticullurist 6 x 9. 128 pp.. 81/4 x 91/4, iI/us. , $29.95 iI/us. , $8.95 paper VNR COLOR DICTIONARY THE LANDSCAPE OF MAN THE PRUNING MANUAL OF MUSHROOMS Shaping the Environment from Second Edition Colin Dickinson and John Lucas Prehistory to the Present Day Edwin F Steffek Clearly defines botanical features, habitats, life Geoffrey and Susan Jellico Revised and expanded, this second edition of cycles, and culinary properties of over 500 Discover how landscape design has been used one of the most popular gardening guides mushrooms. Detailed drawings and over 350 to express ideas of power, order, comfort, har­ explains how, what, and when to prune for exquisite color photographs help you recog­ mony, and mystery. Using over 700 photo­ attractive, hearty plants. You 'll find practical nize various species at a glance. Compiled by a graphs and drawings, the authors explain how advice on how to prune shrubs, evergree ns, distinguished mycologist and plant biologist, the social and intellectual concepts of 26 dif­ hedges, large and small trees, vines, and this highly informative sourcebook includes a ferent cultures-including those of Meso­ groundcovers. Edwin Steffek provides all-new helpful glossary. 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velvety texture. True to tamily heritage, a time, hanging from leafaxils. M. laxa, nimal allamanda leaves contain a medicinal in­ with fragrant white to cream flowers is A Sculpture gredient, this one used in small doses as a known as Chilean jasmine (M. suaveo­ to cathartic. lens). M. splendens is distinguished in that odiac A. cathartica cultivars such as 'Hender­ its flowers grow larger from day to day Sundials! soni' and 'Stancils' differ from one another and change color from pink to rose-purple. Z in size of blossom and intensity of yellow The popular, bright-pink 'Alice DuPont' Over 2000 items color. 'Hendersoni' bears the largest flow­ is probably a backcross of two hybrids, .•. over 400 pages ers. 'Williamsi' has a light fragrance not M. x amabilis and M, x splendens . ... alI now in one Frangipani, used so liberally in Hawaii complete hardcover reference source A plant called confederate for leis to celebrate special occasions and catalog & buyers guide! persons, is a Mexican native, Plumeria jasmine should not be con­ rubra. It has been much cultivated in trop­ The Book of fused with other jasmines ical climes especially for its fragrance. The grown in our southern abundant milky sap may be irritating, but Garden it is not poisonous. P. rubra is red flow­ states. It is not a jasmine. ered; however, numerous forms of rubra "More than a produce white, yellow and tricolored flow­ book ofgarden found in other allamandas. A. neriifolia, ers. The plant bears the name of Charles ornament... bush allamanda, is the only species that Plumier (1646-1706), a French botanist a professional sets seed-prickly, bur-like capsules prized who collected in America. guide for those for dry arrangements. A. violacea bears A plant called confederate jasmine, or who need nearly everything under two-inch purple flowers in pairs. star jasmine, should not be confused with one cover." Beaumontia grandiflora, herald's trum­ other jasmines grown in our southern states. Send $7.50 (ppd) to: pet, is the best known of eight species of It is not a jasmine. Furthermore, the word CANTERBURY woody vines, the beaumontias. Its large, confederate applied to it refers to the Fed­ Publishing Co. funnel-form flowers, five to seven inches eration of Malay States where this tropical P.O. Box 488-AH long, seem like huge goblets; three to nine genus, Trachelospermum, originates. It is Wilton, CT 06897 of these white fragrant beauties in a cluster a weaver in and out of trellises and arbors, are awe-inspiring. This species is hardy to not really climbing. It is often grown as a U. S. Zone 10, or can be grown under glass. greenhouse ornament. Outdoors in mild Carissa grandiflora, natal plum, has be­ climates it is hardy over a broad area and come popular as a pot plant for indoor may be hardy in protected places as far culture. It comes from the Old World trop­ north as Washington, D. C. The leathery, ics. As a much-branched, spiny shrub or glossy, dark-green leaves make a hand­ small tree, it has many uses outdoors as a some background for the star-shaped, one­ hedge or barrier plant, and it does well in inch white flowers that come in April and coastal areas. The delicate, starry, fragrant May. Borne in cl usters, the individual flow­ flowers are white or pinkish, and the fruit ers open in succession over an extended is a bright-red, plum-like berry, tart and period. edible-altogether a decorative and useful The dogbanes weave enchantment or pl ant. exert their bewitching powers in different In 1841 a woody vine with large pink forms and with varying intensity. Bane is flowers was introduced to horticulture from a word that means curse or poison. Within the Organ Mountains of Brazil by the Veitch this family have been found remedies or Nhlrsery in England. N amed Dipladenia antidotes for other curses of mankind. The TREE PEONIES amoena, its popularity as a greenhouse plant men who have explored for Rauvolfia and CHINESE CONQUEST in England and America waxed and waned related plants in tropical lands agree that Blue and green flowers plus many unusual specimens from Chinese dynasties never seen belore. Semi $2.00 lor Chinese through the years. Doubt about its correct in this same family there are at least a catalog and new t 980·1981 all other peonies catalog-credited on lirst order. Also AMARYLLIS catalog. identification was finally resolved in 1955 hundred species about which little is known LOUIS SMIRNOW and SON when Dr. Robert E. Woodson, Jr., an au­ except their names, and that in that res­ 85 Linden Lane, Brookville, N.Y. 11545 thority on the dogbane family, i&ntified ervoir there must be something more of it as Mandevilla splendens. Abohlt 50 spe­ possible value in medicine. At the same FOR GARDEN· TYPE PEOPLE cies of Mandevilla are scattered from Mex­ time, within the dogbanes are splendors of ico to Argentifla. The genus name honors color, fragrance and profusion of flowers Famous Swiss pruners, English That ched Bird Houses. Danish Dibbles, German Garden Tools, Iowan Digger H. J. Mandeville, British minister at Bue­ that minister to us in other ways. ft Trowels, even British snail bail holders. and mUCh . much nos Aires about 1839. more II you are a keen Gardener, my new 48 page cata­ -Jane Steffey log IS well worth SO l, Send check. coin , even stamps to Mandevilla is characterized by flowers WALT NICKE, Box 667 A, Hudson, NY 12534 that are funnelform to tubular in clusters Jane Steffey is the Society's horticultural of 20 blossoms, one to four blooming at advisor.

14 February 1983 New Plants for ~83

BY THE STAFF OF AMERICAN H O RTICULTURIST

appily for avid gardeners, hybridizers and plantsmen are constantly developing and introducing new plants for us to try in our gardens. Our list was selected from among hundreds of annuals, perennials, trees, shrubs and house plants submitted by nurseries all over the country. This year, in addition to the new plants American growers have developed, you will also find species and cultivars that have been available in other parts of the world for some time but are new to North America. Here are the plants we would like to make room for in our gardens ....

American Horticulturist 15 CD Delphinium 'Blue Springs': (photo on pre­ plant is a true dwarf Siberian iris, becoming is a dwarf aster that will produce blooms in vious page) This new dwarf Pacific type in­ no more than 12 to 14 inches high. It will winter on bushy, mqund-shaped plants 2'/2 to troduction, which will grow to a height of tolerate light shade but prefers full sun. Its 3 months after sowing seed. Plants are about 2'/' feet, comes in shades of blue and laven­ grower, Andre Viette Farm and Nursery, even 6 inches tall, and the semi-double flowers are der and has good flower form. It should be recommends it as a ground cover. about 2 ,/, inches across. 'Pot 'n Patio' also sown early for best results. makes an excellent summer bedding plant. In CD Hemerocallis 'Bountiful Valley': Another frost free areas grow it outdoors from winter (i)Kochia 'Acapulco Silver': A refreshing contribution from Andre Viette, this daylily to early spring. change from the usual fare in the All-America isn't new in color, but Viette asserts "it is one Selections inventory is this cultivar with orna­ of the finest landscape varieties we have ever o Pelargonium 'Stardust': Flowers and zoned mental impact in the summer and fall. Silver­ produced." 'Bountiful Valley' puts on a tre­ foliage on this hybrid geranium form a star tipped foliage turns red in autumn and ac­ mendous show of lemon-yellow flo wers with shape, hence its name. The seed will be of­ counts for the common name of this plant, many blooms per scape in mid to late season. fered as a mixture in scarlet, rose, pink, Mexican firebush . This shruIJ-like annual salmon, white and bicolors. grows quickJy to four f(let in height and will (DAster 'Pot 'n Patio': Burpee introduces this make a nice temporary hedge. new mix as "the first aster that blooms when (j)Hosta sieboldiana 'Big Daddy': This culti­ days are short without the need for additional var from K1ehm Nursery is very large--excel­ CD/ris sibirica 'Little White': This charming lighting to extend day length." 'Pot 'n Patio' lent for background planting. It has an espe-

16 February 1983 cially strong blue cast to its leaves, which are duces this cultivar as the first New Guinea ® Comus kousa 'Gold Star': Wayside Gar­ heavily puckered, and produces white flowers strain available to the home gardener from dens is the only nursery that will be offering. just above the foliage in July and August. seed. 'Sweet Sue' is suitable for pot, container this new variegated dogwood from Japan. USDA Zone 4. or hanging basket. Sun-tolerant and neat in Coral-red stems contrast with foliage contain­ habit, this cultivar produces three-inch-wide, ing a broad, central, golden-yellow band in CD Rhododendron 'Wedding Bouquet': Gir­ flaming-orange flowers. the spring and summer. Flowers are abundant ard Nurseries developed this award-winning and are followed by attractive fruit. This dog­ deciduous azalea in 1972, and it was first @ Sida/cea 'Elsie Heugh': Though familiar wood has a pleasing growth habit and prefers shown in 1977. Flowers develop into very to European gardeners, this hybrid perennial ample moisture in a well-drained location. It tight trusses 5 to 5'/2 inches across. Buds are is rarely found in American gardens. 'Elsie can withstand full sun in the North. USDA pink or light rose before opening, then b~­ Heugh' is the palest of all sidalceas. Shell­ Zones 5-9. come white-bordered with pink centers upon pink flowers with fringed petals bloom from blooming. Each almost perfectly ball-shaped mid to late summer in partial shade. The ® Zinnia 'Short Stuff: As its name implies, truss contains from 25 to 35 florets. The me­ plant prefers a well-drained spot in the gar­ this introduction is a dwarf hybrid, which dium-green foliage holds up well until winter. den and will bloom longer if spent flowers grows to eight inches and is ideal for pot cul­ USDA Zone 5. are removed. Divide the plants every three to ture as well as for use in the garden. Seed win four years. USDA Zones 5-9. be sold as a mix-white, orange, red, yellow, CD Impatiens 'Sweet Sue': Park Seed intro- coral, light pink-or by individual color.

American Horticulturist 17 ® Coronilla valentina: Another plant known @ Rosa 'Sun Flare': This rose is a 1982 ® Chrysopsis villosa 'Golden Sunshine': to European gardeners but rare in this coun­ AARS winner, the first clear-yellow flori­ White Flower Farm is proud of several " new" try, this dwarf shrub boasts beautiful glau­ bunda to receive this distinotion in 25 years. introductions this year; we chose two as spe­ cous-gray foliage and bears fragrant, bright­ It has compact, bushy growth and glossy, cial favorites. This daisy is a vigorous and yellow, pea-like flowers over a long blooming bright-green foliage. The abundantly-borne long-blooming one, growing three to four feet season. Offered by Siskiyou Rare Plant Nurs­ flowers are three inches across and appear in high and producing bright-yellow blossoms. ery, C. valentina has reached a height of two clusters of three to 12 throughout the grow­ feet in their gardens. It can be kept to 12 ing season. 'Sun Flare' was developed by Bill ® Astrantia 'Margery Fish': The second inches if given a fairly hard spring or late Warriner, who has produced many other White Flower Farm introduction, this pink summer pruning. Hardy to USDA Zone 5 at AARS winners. and white cultivar grows 24 inches high and least. is an excellent cut flower. ® Thunbergia myorensis: This floriferous ® Rhododendron macgregoriae X R. 10- vine, a native of India, becomes a huge speci­ ® Brassica 'Dynasty': Ornamental cabbages chae: Another Greer Gardens' listing, this men requiring trellising. Suitable as a house are becoming more popular. To satisfy de­ tropical Vireya cross is very floriferous and plant in most parts of the U.S ., it will blos­ mand, 'Dynasty' was developed and will be has good growth habit. Glossy-green foliage som as a young plant and at maturity will available as seed from many mail-order com­ sets off the attractive trusses, each of which produce five-foot-long chains of copper and panies. It comes in pink, white and red and is have up to 15 blooms. yellow blooms. From Logee's Greenhouses. ideal in beds, borders or containers. Look but

18 February 1983 don't taste-'Dynasty' is not for eating. Windsor hybrids to be made available to vars is that it's the first in a new series of American gardeners. It is a darker yellow azalea-type, spreading vincas. It will reach 12 ® 'Hot Bed' ornamental pepper: 'Hot Bed', than 'Windsor Buttercup' but has the same to 15 inches in height, and its low, mounding available as a started plant or as seed, comes good shape and exceptionally heavy flowering habit makes it suitable for hanging baskets in three types-slim, round and cone. Fruits capabilities. and containers as well. From Denholm Seeds. change color as the plant matures-from cream to yellow to orange and finally bright @ Petunia 'Summer Madness': Available ® Rhododendron aurigeranum: This Vireya red. only as a started plant from garden centers, rhododendron is not new, but it's relatively this cultivar promises to attract buyers be­ unknown to most gardeners. As a tropical ® Osteospermum eckJonis (sold as Dimor­ cause it is a very hardy multiflora and flowers species, it is tender and cannot be grown out­ photheca ecklonis): Logee's Greenhouses like "madness" throughout the summer. doors in most parts of the United States-but nominates an African daisy for eventual this allows it to be grown as a house plant in­ house plant stardom. This species, in shock­ ® Catharanthus roseus 'Morning Mist' (for­ stead. R. aurigeranum produces showy, tubu­ ing plum, will produce three-inch blossoms in merly Vinca rasea): Vincas have become fa­ lar flowers of orange-yellow that become winter. It prefers a cool location. vorite bedding plants in many parts of the pure yellow after opening. Eight to 12 flow­ country because of their heat, insect and dis­ ers appear on each truss. Greer Gardens sells @ Rhododendron 'Windsor Sunbeam': This ease tolerance. 'Morning Mist' is no excep­ this species and provides excellent cultural in­ azalea from Carlson's is the newest of the tion. What distinguishes it from other culti- formation in their catalog. n

American Horticulturist 19

• It would be nice if all the model for its performance "holiday cactus" got together­ Gardeners are supposed to be patient people, but it's could be the perennial difficult to be anything but impatient when one considers Christmas, Easter, sweetpea, Lathyrus latifolius. the time it takes to introduce a new plant to the market. Thanksgiving, the in-between • We need a white garden Years of research come first, then years of growing and the confused-to produce a geranium-one with the same enough plants to satisfy customer demand follow. And cactus that simply bloomed vigor as the reds, with the same sometimes, to be honest, the breakthroughs seem repeatedly throughout the year. dark zoning, and with double pitifully small. One year we are introduced to red • A house plant, similar to zinnias; the next year we are introduced to dwarf red fl orets that either fall off the Aloe barbadensis (formerly A. zinnias. We gardeners expect so much. Still, if we didn't head as they fade, are vera) would more than earn its dream, if we didn't have such insatiable appetites for the completely hidden by the newer keep if it contai ned an adhesive new and different, think how limited our garden florets or don't turn brown. gel or liquid in its leaves useful inventory would be. • Short-season areas need a in minor gluing jobs around the Wishful thinking is the stuff of which new discoveries pepper that is as quick as a house. are made. With that maxim in mind, we invited some tomato from sowing to • A true breakthrough in rose knowledgeable horticulturists and gardeners we know to transplanting. Starting the breeding is sorely needed that engage in a little fantasizing. What follows are their wish slowpokes a month earlier is would introduce a special toxin lists for tomorrow (some more far-fetched than others). not the perfect solution. Plants in the pl ant's physiology. This Plant breeders, take note! growing for long periods under natural compound would be artificial conditions take longer distasteful to rose chafers and convenient if there were a shades of green, yell ow and to adjust to the outdoors when Japanese beetles. Any variety of weeping fig that white, hostas would not only they are finally set out. By the Coleopteron foolish enough to actuall y shed water (cried) from be indispensable but also time they really get going the persist in its meal of rose petals its leaves at precisely the time it irresistible. nights have turned cool again. would be poisoned. required watering? The leaf • I'd like to see more true blue And that sets them back again! • What this country needs is a drop problem would have one flower colors developed in • The time is ripe for a florist­ delphinium with a backbone so less cause, and think of the woody ornamentals. Real blue style carnation that is a true it won't need staking. convenience! must be the scarcest color in garden perennial. It would have • .. . a summer-blooming • I think the most useful the world of horticulture; to be as neat and persistent as forsythia with blue flowers and contribution plant breeders except for lilacs, hydrangeas, Dianthus plumarius, commonly good growth habit, for those could make would be to Vitex, Buddleia, and called the cottage pink, but who tire of gushing yellow in increase the cold-hardin ess of Caryopteris, it's hardly ever with larger, non-splitting spnng. woody ornamentals across the found in woody plants. Many flowers, with one terminal bud • ... a hemerocallis that sheds board. Im agine the market for wholesale growers cl aim th at per stem. its spent flowers right after evergreen azaleas that were thei r plants have blue flowers, • Some folks like the bluish bloom and doesn't need daily realiably hardy to -10°F and but when yo u see them in spikes of flowers that develop deadheading to look its best. also possessed attracti ve person, they are almost on coleus, but most agree they • ... a cutleaf, everblooming, fl owers and growth habits! invariably lavender. We need a detract from the beauty of the fruitless catalpa with winter Although breakthroughs are no true blue rh ododendron, azalea, fo li age. It is an unending character. doubt in the offing, such plants crape myrtle and rose. nuisance to pinch off the • Prior to 1950, hardly anyone are not widely available yet. • In spite of all the advances spikes, which seem to multiply in this country had heard of Increased cold-hardiness would made in bush beans, it is still a with each nipping. Such zucchini, so we have come a also extend the usefulness of backbreaking job to harvest frustrated coleus is apt to grow long way. But much more lies crape myrtles, camellias, them. Old backs give up after a scraggly. On the other hand, a just ahead. With genetic Iigustrums and southern row or two. Young backs grow coleus that kicked the blooming engineering on the horizon magnolias, plants that can be old before their time. What the habit would be a thing of nothing seems impossible. I tricky to grow even in Zone 7. gardener needs is a bush whose colorful beauty always. hope for early attention to the • Effective fall color is always beans are all ready to harvest • Pansies have long been a development of more perennial a welcome addition to woody at once, at which time the breeder's paradise, but I think food crops that need not be ornamentals. I'd like to see fall leaves drop off and the entire we've seen enough new replanted every year. Rhubarb color developed in plants that plant may either be pulled or "faces." It is time for a novelty and asparagus are the classic don't presently have it­ cut. here-fully double pansies, in present examples, but how Deutzia, Forsythia, lilac, • The tomato variety all the colors associated with about perennial tomatoes, Weigela, mockorange and 'Stakeless' developed some this flower, but without the peppers, cole crops, sweet corn, flowering crab. Fall color could years ago by the University of faces, would give gardeners beans, grains? Donr' be be improved in flowering Delaware-a cross, I believe, cause to stare back! ,. surprised if some of these come cherry, Eastern and Chinese between the tomato and the along. Think of the savings in redbud, Koelruteria paniculata eggplant-should be the takeoff Our thanks to the following labor and energy! and Metasequoia. for a race of garden tomatoes people, who all made • Anyone who has grown • A color break in hosta is that really need no staking. imaginative contributions to Ficus benjamina realizes the long overdue. Shades of purple • I would like to see a this article: Rachel Snyder, fickle nature of the plant. Do seem within reach of types like sweetpea grow and bloorr. in Mary Ann and Frederick something out of the ordinary 'Hadspen Blue'. If margins and Zone 7 and southward, during McGourty, Anthony J. De and it automatically drops its stripes of pink, silver or red the summer, with no problems Blasi, Steve Bender and Robert leaves. Wouldn't it be were added to the existing from heat prostration. The E. Lyons.

American Horticulturist 21 The 'tradescant 'trust

BY JOSEPHINE ROBERTSON

22 February 1983 riends told Rosemary Nicholson it of St. Mary's, she went to the Church was an impossible dream. Where Commissioners and asked for a stay of F would all the money come from to execution to allow time to organize a save the old church in whose graveyard Charitable Trust and launch an appeal for slept two great plant explorers of the 17th funds. The Commissioners were skeptical century, the John Tradescants, father and but agreed to delay demolition a few more son? St. Mary's at Lambeth, a fine old months. The site had become such a hang­ stone church with a square tower, stripped, out for junkies and alcoholics that the vandalized and no longer used for wor­ Archbishop referred to it as "a running ship, was slated for demolition in three sore." months-November 1967-but Rose­ However, when news of the project ap­ mary pictured this place where a church peared in the London Times, the project had stood for a thousand years trans­ appealed to garden lovers, historians, formed into a garden center and museum, scholars and people with ties to Lambeth, with a flowering churchyard honoring the including Charlie Chaplin, who had once memory of two men whose plant intro­ lived there. Prince Charles sent a contri­ ductions had contributed so much to Eng­ bution and, from the first, the Queen lish gardens. Mother was generous in her support. Today St. Mary's, at the end of Lambeth Sparked by the Nicholsons' enthusiasm the Bridge, stands refurbished with a ~harming idea caught on. To raise funds well-known 17th-century garden around the plant musicians donated their talents, famous hunters' tomb. This is a place that garden gardens were opened for benefits and lovers from many countries are visiting in foundations and trusts were gradually per­ increasing numbers. It is also the head­ suaded to contribute. quarters of the Tradescant Trust, of which The goal was £250,000, but as anyone Rosemary Nicholson is Director. knows who has been involved with res­ The story of the birth of the Tradescant toring an old house, one problem leads to Trust began when the Nicholsons were fol­ another. Strip the walls and the masonry lowing a hobby in their walks around Lon­ is found crumbling. Redecorate and some don. They had read Mea Allan's book, The ancient pipe bursts, leaving a trail of rust. Tpadescants, and set out to visit the places In the case of St. Mary's, the church roof where father and son had lived and worked. had to be replaced, and unforeseen weak­ The Nicholsons knew the Tradescants' ness in the tower, which had been a land­ burial place was behind their parish church mark on the Thames across from the Par­ in Lambeth, adjacent to Lambeth Palace, liament Buildings for 600 years, required headquarters of the Archbishop of Can­ costly repairs. Now even more unsightly terbury, but they did not expect to find a with scaffolding, piles of stones, ladders ravaged structure covered with graffiti, nor and construction supplies, the garden'S to have to dig through trash and litter to transformation was disappointingly slow. find the tomb. Beautifully sculpted of stone, Much had to be done inside on walls and the tomb bears a long, quaint epitaph giv­ windows first. Not surprisingly, the orig­ ing some of the Tradescants' history as inal goal-equivalent to half a million dol­ royal gardeners who transplanted now lars-had to be revised and a final figure themselves, sleep here and when angels shall has yet to be determined. One future ne­ with their trumpets waken men .. . these cessity will be a renovation of the ancient hence shall rise and change this Garden plumbing, a project which, if not glam­ for a Paradise. Nearby is another hand­ orous, Rosemary, with her usual persua­ some monument to Admiral Bligh, of siveness, hopes will "elicit enthusiastic Bounty fame, also a distinguished Lam­ support." beth resident. Who were the Tradescants? We have a Rosemary Nicholson is a woman of link with them in our gardens with the charm, determination and optimism. When familiar three-petaled spiderwort, Trade­ confronted with the deplorable condition scatltia virginiana. The father (1570?-1637) worked on the estates of several noble pa­ ABOVE: The church garden, now restored, trons. One of these was Robert Cecil, First contains plants appropriate to this setting­ Earl of Salisbury, Chief Secretary and ad­ many of them introductions of the Tradescants viser to Queen Elizabeth I. At that time themselves. Cecil was creating a great estate with a BELOW LEFT: Tradescantia virginiana, spi­ splendid mansion at Hatfield, 21 miles north derwort, is a member of a genus named in of London. honor of the Tradescants, who contributed many plants to Western gardens. Because his wealthy employers were all eager for plant novelties, Tradescant was BELOW RIGHT: The design of the garden is sent on many adventurous voyages to the that of a 17th-century knot garden. Among the plants included are roses that would have Continent, Russia and Africa. Archaic been available to gardeners at that time. spelling and nomenclature have made

American Horticulturist 23 identification of his introductions difficult, and identification made this plan difficult. badours with lutes roamed the vast lawns. but, according to the late Mea Allan, they Furthermore, since the authenticated items Hatfield House, an Elizabethan mansion included, among many others, the "debbIe did not blend into a compact, harmonious full of treasures, was open to the thousand Epatega" or Hepatica americana; two va­ plan, the Trust decided to create a 17th­ visitors. For two hours the Queen Mother, rieties of "Martygon," Turk's-cap lily (Lil­ century knot garden using the Trades­ now in her eighties, escorted by Lady Sal­ ium martagon); and Lysimachia vulgaris, cants' introductions and other plants of isbury and Rosemary Nicholson, strolled golden loosestrife, which he found in Rus­ the period with significant trees along the around, greeting those who were intro­ sia. From the Mediterranean she believes border. duced to her with her characteristic warm he brought back the lilac; the Italian musk "Isn't it strange," reflects Rosemary, friendliness. Toward the end of the after­ rose; Gladiolus byzantinus; two new rock "how events come full circle after three noon refreshments were served in an even roses, Cistus psilosepalus and C. monspe­ centuries?" The present Lady Salisbury, more venerable building on the grounds, liensis; and the Russian olive, Elaeagnus now president of the Trust, designed the the "old palace," where the Princess Eliz­ angustifolia. He also brought the ancestors Tradescant memorial garden, and it was abeth (I) had spent much of her youth. of two well loved garden staples, Papaver the elder Tradescant who had much to do Much of this old palace had fallen into rhoeas, from which came the Shirley pop­ with establishing the beautiful gardens at ruins, but a part has been restored as a pies, and the "sea-stocke Gilloflower," her home, Hatfield. Lady Salisbury, a most impressive banqueting hall. Matthiola incana, developed much later charming woman and a knowledgeable, Because of unforeseen financial prob­ into the ten-weeks stocks. The Dictionary practical gardener herself, is deeply inter­ lems the Trust has not yet developed its of Scientific Biography credits him with ested in plant history. Through her ap­ goal of becoming a museum, but this will the introduction of the first larch tree. peals, more than 40 nurseries have con­ come. The interior of the church, with its So highly was Tradescant regarded by tributed suitable flowers, shrubs and roses, fresh ivory walls, graceful arches and col­ the Cecils that his likeness, bearing a rake and she has given many items from her orful windows, is used constantly for ex­ and basket, may be found carved in the own gardens. Architect John Drake, who hibits, lectures, musical and dramatic pro­ newel post of the stairway at Hatfield. This has been working with her, showed me grams. All are benefits and all create interest quaint figure, standing between two hem­ one of these-an old-fashioned pale-lav­ in the Trust. This past summer I enjoyed ispheres (a design taken from the rear win­ ender pansy or "heartsease," from which an evening of 16th-century music by the dow of the church), forms the logo of the beautiful violas and pansies have been bred. Myriell Consort of five voices and harp­ Trust. Tradescant was later appointed gar­ The churchyard is not a large area and sichord. The shadowed old church made dener to Charles I and Queen Henrietta it soon became obvious that grass could a perfect setting. Maria, but eventually he retired to his home not survive the footsteps of many visitors. Misfortune struck during the Christmas in Lambeth to tend his own great garden, Weathered brick walks hav~ been laid and, holidays of 1981 when vandals smashed plant one of the earliest "physic gardens" wherever encountered, ancient stone cof­ three of the fine windows. Restoration is and display curios from his travels in what fin tops have been incorporated. The knot costly, estimated to be £18,000, since the he called "The Ark." His catalogue of garden is in the center and all other areas insurance companies now require the in­ plants, expanded later by his son, is one around the walks have been planted ap­ stallation of vandal proof polycarbonate of the rarest and most treasured docu­ propriately. sheeting. This sum has not yet been raised ments in garden history. His collection of Yew and santolina outline the pattern completely, but contributions have come oddities, ultimately acquired by Elias Ash­ of the knot garden and are used for other from many sympathetic friends of the Trust. mole, formed the nucleus of the Ashmo­ borders. Virginia creeper grows on a high One steady source of income is the gift lean Museum in Oxford and may still be stone wall. Decorative benches and a wall stall, which offers a delightful assortment seen there. fountain complete the picture. Because of of books, cards, potpourri, garden related The Younger John (1605-1662?) inher­ heavy traffic on the street side, one border bags, aprons and othtlr novelties. ited a royal appointment but did most of is being hedged with yew and the other One may become a Friend of the Trust his exploring in Virginia where his father with a "tapestry" of variegated hollies. for £5 (about $10). Friends enjoy the al­ had invested in a land claim. He brought Before the area was fenced John Drake ways heartening newsletters and receive back many new plants from his three voy­ came in one morning and noticed a black the schedule of interesting events. The ages and became a close friend of Captain plastic bag in the corner. When he picked mailing address is Tradescant Trust, 7 the John Smith of the Jamestown Colony, who it up he found a man sleeping under it. "I Little Boltons, London SWI0, LJ. The willed him his library. Among the younger don't mind your sleeping in the church­ church and garden, a pleasant walk across John's verified introductions are Acer rub­ yard," Drake told the vagrant civilly, "but Lambeth Bridge from the Parliament rum, red maple; Platanus occidentalis, our I do mind your sleeping on our new tulip buildings, are open from 11 :00 a.m. to sycamore or buttonwood; Celtis occiden­ tree!" 3:00 p.m. on weekdays and from 10:30 talis, hackberry; Liriodendron tulipifera, Among the great variety of well labelled a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on Sundays. tulip tree; Lonicera sempervirens, trumpet plants are, of course, Tradescantia virgi­ Rosemary concluded one of her news­ honeysuckle; Yucca filamentosa, Spanish niana in both blue and white, two varieties letters, telling of successes and setbacks, bayonet; Sarracenia purpurea, pitcher plant; of Acanthus, Artemisia, Daphne, Penste­ by quoting the words of Captain John Staphylea trifolia, bladdernut; Taxodium mon and many kinds of mint, monarda Smith, writing from the Jamestown Col­ distichum, southern cypress. Probably at­ and low growing roses. ony in 1616: Adam and Eve did first be­ tributable to him are Robinia pseudoa­ A memorable benefit for the Trust took gine this innocent worke to plant the earthe cacia, black locust, and Rhus toxicoden­ place at Hatfield when Lady Salisbury held to remained to posterities, but not without dron, poison ivy. a garden party there "in the presence of labour, trouble and industrie. 6 The original plan for the garden was to the Queen Mother." It was a beautiful June Josephine Robertson is a writer who lives in use only those plants and trees traceable day with the roses fragrant and the formal Boulder, Colorado. She became one of the to the Tradescants, but sketchy records and sunken gardens in full bloom. Trou- first American Friends of the Trust.

24 February 1983 St. Lambeth's garden is now a pleasant spot for repose and meditation. Benches have been placed where visitors can enjoy the view. All of the plants for the newly restored garden were donated by British nurserymen and Friends of the Trust.

American Horticulturist 2S A Favorite sue

TEXT AND PHOTOGRAPHY BY PAMELA HARPER

he origin of Lonicera heckrottii is but also one of the prettiest, healthiest and uncertain, but it is thought to be most long-flowering plants in my garden. T a hybrid between trumpet honey­ One year out of the four it was badly in­ suckle (L. sempervirens) and L. americana, fested with aphids, which made the plant which is itself a hybrid between the Eu­ unsightly but did no permanent damage. ropean L. caprifolium and L. etrusca from Aphids are easily controlled by spraying if the Mediterranean. Commercial baptism you so choose. Though vigorous, it is not, with the name goldflame (or sometimes like Hall's, uncontrollable. The one I grow the daft pink goldflame) may have in­ as a bush spreads by root suckers just creased its popularity, but not to the extent enough to provide a couple of plants for it merits, for though hardy to USDA Zone friends each year. Trailing branches do not 6 and adaptable, it is seldom seen in gar­ root where they touch the ground. The dens. I can suggest several reasons for this plant I have grown as a vine has not spread neglect, none of them valid objections. at all at the base. Hortus says the fruits First, the rampant Hall's honeysuckle are red, but my plants have never fruited. (L. japonica 'Halliana') has pllt such a blot This may be a loss, the shiJ;J.ing red and on the family escutcheon that gardeners orange fruits of the trumpet honeysuckle and nurserymen in areas where this plant parent being very decorative, but it also has gone wild are wary of all honeysuckles. means there are no seedlings to weed out. Then, American gardening is much influ­ Flowering begins at iris time, the dusky­ enced by English books, and L. heckrottii pink color combining beautifully with the is not as fine a plant in England as it is in assorted blues and whites of Siberian irises, those areas of the United States where and with such gray foliaged plants as lav­ summers are long and warm and rainfall ender cotton (Santolina chamaecyparis­ relatively high. In my experience goldflame sus) and Jerusalem sage (Phlomis fruti­ likes warmth and sun around its head, but cosa) or, for the colder Northeast, such cool, moist soil for its roots, the very op­ artemisias as 'Silver Mound'. Through May posite of conditions in England, where and June is it an almost solid sheet of pink, rainfall, though unpleasantly frequent, is continuing to bloom, less abundantly, un­ usually too light to penetrate deeply into til hard frost. As I write, in mid-November, the soil. there are still flowers to be seen. A third reason why this honeysuckle has The commercial name goldflame has led not achieved star status may be that few to confusion. Hilliers' Manual of Trees and gardeners have found just the right way to Shrubs, usually so accurate, lists 'Gold­ grow it: it is neither a twining vine nor a flame' as a cultivar of L. heckrottii and shrub, but a scandent plant, which means describes the flowers as "brilliant orange that it sprawls and thus needs something outside, golden yellow within." This is in­ over which to drape its leafy limbs. Climb­ correct. Goldflame is just a commercial ing roses are the best known example of name, and a poorly chosen one for L. heck­ a scandent shrub; they make long, more rottii; there is no trace of orange in the or less upright stems, but cannot support flowers. The popular name is probably too themselves by twining, by clinging tendrils well established to be abandoned now. or by adhesive discs, as do most climbing Although deciduous, goldflame honey­ plants. Scandent shrubs are a bit more dif­ suckle holds its glossy green oval leaves ficult to place in the garden than either until hard frost, and it reclothes itself in shrubs or vines, and are likely to be un­ early spring. Some of the leaves are turned gainly if left to their own devices. sideways to display silvery undersides. I have grown L. heckrottii for four years Continued on page 39 now and have found it to be not only a Goldflame may have increased in popularity, star performer among the honeysuckles, but not to the extent it merits.

26 February 1983

TEXT AND PHOTOGRAPHY BY CLAIRE SAWYERS

y moonlight I see the strange yet majestic silhouette of a distant giant B saguaro in an Arizona canyon. On a nearby specimen I can see a cluster of fruits and white flowers, probably just opened since saguaros are nocturnal bloomers. I'm tempted to pluck a fruit pre­ maturely to taste this Indian food, but I can't because this saguaro blooms beyond my reach on a postage stamp. The plants in my stamp garden may be forever beyond my grasp, but tending this garden brings other consolations. One mo­ ment I can enjoy the giant saguaro cactus flower, Arizona's state flower and an ap­ propriate topic for the 1962 stamp com­ memorating the state's 50th anniversary; with the turn of a page I can be off ad­ miring my Indonesian orchids or South African proteas, both of which also remain in full bloom year-round. Flowers and plants adorn literally thou­ sands of stamps, the rose probably being the most popular. The roses in my garden come from around the world: Hungary, Poland, Ajman, Fujiera, New Zealand .... Stylized drawings, reproductions of Re­ doute's detailed illustrations and colorful ptalogue-style photographs are all used on stamps to show the world's admiration of the rose. Like gardeners, postage stamp collectors must decide how to arrange and group their plants. Stamps of plants in the same family or genus may be grouped together. However, a plant's true identity is often Stamp "gardens" are everblooming and know no geographical boundaries. Plants from Africa (left) and Israel (right) "grow" happily together. difficult to determine, so grouping them according to country may be easier. All ternational Botanical Congress held in 1969. its 18¢ stamps with flowers: camellia, rose, countries print their name on their stamps Four favorite native trees have also been dahlia and lily. The American Camellia (with the exception of England, in which celebrated on stamps: the gray birch (Be­ Society had pushed for years to have a case the reigning monarch is shown). tula populifolia), the giant sequoia (Se­ stamp showing its flower. Finally, with the I have traveled around the world col­ quoiadendron giganteum), the white oak backing of then President Jimmy Carter, lecting plants by collecting stamps, and I (Quercus alba) and white pine (Pinus stro­ the Postmaster General considered the So­ started in my own backyard. Although bus). Not only is each tree's majestic stat­ ciety's wishes, and three other flowers joined America cannot boast a large number of ure depicted, but a close-up of the leaves the camellia to form the pink block. plant stamps like several European coun­ and fruits is also shown in the lower corner The American Camellia Society may tries can, it isn't difficult to find treasured of each stamp. State flowers such as the agree that it's easier to collect flower stamps natives on stamps. Four native species, the Kansas sunflower and Mississippi mag­ than to get a favorite flower depicted on Franklin tree (Franklinia alatamaha); nolia also commemorate statehood anni­ one, but American stamps are still created Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii); showy versaries, and all 50 state flowers, accom­ based on ideas submitted to the Postmaster lady's slipper (Cypripedium reginae); and panied by state birds, were recently issued General by interested citizens. Once an idea ocotillo (Fouquiera splendens) represent in a colorful commemorative pane. is accepted, artists are chosen to design a the four "corners" of the United States on The U. S. Postal Service even tried to stamp for the Postal Service. For the 50 a set issued to commemorate the 11 th In- soften a 1981 rate incrase by decorating State Bird and Flower Commemorative

28 February 1983 Stamps, for example, a father and son seemed especially peculiar. Ball-like swell­ hole in the galls, they whistle, hence the team-Arthur and Alan Singer-painted ings emerged from the twigs and two thorns common name whistling thorn. all 50 stamps. Each painting, originally from the swellings made the tree look like Despite all the tropical wonders from four by eight inches, was then reduced to it was infested with horned slugs. The tree, Africa, no garden is complete without the stamp size, which accounts for the clarity Acacia drepanolobium, is commonly called treasured plants of the Far East. Rhodod­ of detail on each one. black-galled acacia or whistling thorn. I endrons from Bhutan, bamboo from Ko­ Once one has cultivated native plants, learned the horned slugs are caused by ants, rea, and Sakura (cherries), chrysanthe­ it's fun to seek out fascinating plants from and when the wind blows through the ant mums, maples and pines from Japan. exotic lands. Some countries have been It is clear that my kind of plant collecting tending gardens on postage stamps longer doesn't require a great deal of space or an than others, but it seems every country has expensive greenhouse, nor must one deal plants to add. Germany and Switzerland with customs and quarantine inspectors. released plants on stamps back in the late Instead, one can "travel" around the world 1930's and early '40's, and for years Swit­ collecting exotic plants, learning where and zerland has annually issued a series por­ how they grow, how man uses and ap­ traying wildflowers. Other countries, wit­ preciates them as well as picking up some nessing the success of Switzerland's plant language, geography and history. "charity stamps," which were used to raise If you're interested in this low-mainte­ funds, followed suit by adapting the flower nance, inexpensive way to garden and have motif to reflect their own favorite flora. year-round bloom, you can start at your There is a horticultural wealth of stamps local post office. There a bulletin board for Eastern European countries, especially will advertise upcoming commemoratives, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Romania and and a publication entitled "Stamps and Hungary. Wildflowers, medicinal plants, Stories," available at most branches, will fruit trees, ornamental favorites and herbs introduce you to stamps. Many offices also compose their stamp gardens. Even arid sell topical starter collections, including one countries with a sparser native flora have on flowers (for kids). Also check your local issued stamps adorned with plants. The hobby shop for stamps and catalogues, or United Arab Emirates have flowering gar­ watch the newspaper for area stamp shows. den plants on sets of stamps, and Israeli At shows ask a lot of questions. While stamps, commemorating anniversaries of thumbing through notebooks filled with statehood, "say it with flowers" -the sand plant stamps at a philatelic fair in Chicago, lily, evening primrose, anemone, narcissus I came across an unfamiliar set from Na­ and cyclamen. Agronomic and horticul­ galand. As a novice collector, I questioned tural crops-barley, wheat, grapes, figs and the vendor about Nagaland. It isn't an in­ oranges-have also been chosen for stamp dependent country, he said, so he surmised subjects in Israel. that the stamps were for local post. Why I find plant (stamp) collecting from Af­ then, I asked, did half of them have "Air rica to be most interesting. Tropical fruit Mail" printed in one corner? He told me trees such as the gingerbread palm, mon­ some are created especially for collectors key-bread tree and soap berry tree or desert and those from Nagaland were probably palm have become members of my garden, just that. compliments of Mauritania. These stamps, Once you're under way, you'll no doubt depicting colorful fruit, teased me until I collect a plant that puzzles you and doesn't investigated why they might have been se­ seem to be listed or described in any of lected to decorate the mail. I learned, for your horticultural books. Don't despair. example, that the monkey-bread fruit's pulp The American Topical Association has a and seeds are edible and are consumed in Biology Unit that is devoted to studying Mauritania as a food seasoner, appetizer biological stamps. They publish catalogues and cold drink. The stamp also sheds light of their work. Look for additional infor­ on why the tree is sometimes referred to mation in stamp catalogues and references as the dead-rat tree. The fruit, covered with on stamp collecting, which are generally hair, hangs from the tree on a long, tail­ well-thumbed books in public libraries like stem. (Scott's Stamp Catalogues and Topical Other African stamps depict plants whose Stamp Collecting by M. W. Martin). by-products are familiar. One stamp from My own experience suggests that if plant Rwanda features Chrysanthemum cocci­ identification is your pleasure, stamp col­ neum, which is grown to make the organic lecting may help gratify your urge-and insecticide pyrethrum. Half of the stamp without the need to leave the comfort of shows a plantation with workers harvest­ your favorite easy chair. n ing the plant, the other half is a close-up of the flower. Claire Sawyers is a student at the University of Delaware's Longwood Program in One African tree I collected from Uganda Ornamental Horticulture.

American Horticulturist 29 Moss & Lichen Gardens

BY MICHAEL B. TRIMBLE

hen the oceans receded many soil as we know it began to slowly cover in a botanical sense. There are significant millions of years ago, the lichens the Earth. Their tenacity as true terrestrial differences between them. The plant king­ W:and mosses were among the first pioneers has earned them the respect of dom itself is divided by taxonomists into plants to establish themselves on the bar- naturalists and botanists. Unfortunately two sub-kingdoms, the Thallophyta and ren surfaces of the newly exposed land their horticultural possibilities have been the Embryophyta, and it is at this very first, masses. Using their ability to dissolve rock largely ignored by most gardeners. The into minerals, they were able to acquire ability of mosses and lichens to survive The presence of moss and lichen needn't be a the nutrients they needed for survival. Over under conditions that are inhospitable to sign that a gardener is derelict in his duties. the millenia, as they grew, reproduced and When given the right conditions, mosses and most of our cultivated plant species should lichens create lovely gardens in themselves, as died, their organic remains were added to inspire even the most skeptical gardener. this one photographed in the Lake District of the bits of minerals they had liberated, and Mosses and lichens were not created equal England demonstrates.

30 February 1983 and most fundamental split in the plant perch without great difficulty, in sha rp in mind that li chens do not possess true kingdom that the lichens and mosses part contrast to the crustose li chens. The Par­ roots, but rhizines whi ch function as at­ company. Botanists draw two major dis­ melia genus, which includes the boul der tachment appendages, holding a li chen to tinctions between these sub-kingdoms, one lichen, P. conspera, the puffed shi eld li ­ its rock, log or pocket of soil. When li chens distinction being structural and the other chen, P. physodes and the wrinkled shi eld become dormant they shrivel and tend to reproductive. Thallophytes are plants which li chen, P. caparata, is one of the most fre­ curl in upon themselves, oft en pulling their lack distinct leaf, stem, root and vascular quently fo und and easil y identified foli ose rhizines free fro m their footing. Rock and tissues. Embryophytes are plants fo r whi ch li chens. The shi eld li chens are found grow­ wood dwelling li chen rhi zines penetrate the s pe~ializ a tion of distinct tissues to per­ in g upon the ba rk o f tree trunks a nd their sub-s trata and are not easil y pulled form the differing tasks required by a li ving bra nches; the bo ulder li chen is a rock from their footings . The rhizines of soil organism is a principal icj entifying ch ar­ dwell er. dwelling li chens also penetrate their sub­ acteristic, although here too you will en­ The fruiticose li chens are the splended stratum but easily come loose in shall ow counter considerable va ri ation in the so­ goblet and coral-like members of th e li chen soil o r w hen the li chen goes dormant. phistication of that speciali za ti on fr om clan. The ge nus Cladonia is the best known Pockets of soil are therefore excell ent sites species to species. of the fruiticose li chens and includes the in whi ch to place the soil dwelling li chens reindeer lichen, Cladonia rangiferina, and because th e sides of each pocket, in con­ LICHENS the red-topped British soldier li chen, Cla­ junction wi th the surrounding rocks, will As thall ophytes, the lichens are consid­ donia cristateLla. The fruiticose li chens are provide the li chens with physical ered to be botanicall y more primitive than usua ll y fo und growing in shall ow soil protecti on. the mosses. Li chens are classified accord­ pockets as well as clinging to rocky sur­ While you oversee the care of your newly ing to the characteristics of their funga l faces. pl anted li chen ga rden, keep in mind that bodies, which contain individual algae th eir ability to withstand drought, heat, plants within certain areas of their fun gal BRINGING LICHENS INT O THE cold and neglect are traits reflected in their thallus. They are rea ll y an apparently sym­ GARDEN ve ry slow rate of growth. An occasional biotic relationship between two distinct There are a number of effective mea ns li ght watering during dry spells will help plant species, one being a fun gus and the for incorporating li chens into the design to promote continued growth, but quick other being an alga. The fungal partner's of a home garden. The easiest method is res ults will not be fo rthcoming, and li chen contributions to this relationship include to bring a li chen colony and the rock or lovers must learn to be pati ent gardeners. a means to take up moisture and minerals, log upon which it is growing into the gar­ To be properly appreciated, the lichen physical support and an ability to with­ den. The use of stone in nati ve and natural­ planting should be accessible to close-up stand a wide range of climatic conditions. type garden designs is very popul ar, es­ viewing. Lichens' diversity of colors, shapes The algae make use of these factors in con­ pecially among wildflower gardeners, so a and textures can be used to best advantage tributing the ability to photosynthes ize, well pla nned , li chen-encrusted rock in gardens whose dimensions and layouts providing food for both themselves and grouping could enhance the des ign. Trans­ draw viewers in among the plantings. In their fungal partners. In nature, the algae plant soil-dwelling li chens as small 'sods' natural settings, lichens and mosses often species often found in lichens are also fre­ provided that you have an area in yo ur grow together, a co-habitati on of hairycap quently encountered as independent or­ garden where full sun or shade conspire mosses and various members of the Cla­ ganisms. The lichen fungi, however, have with nutritionall y poor, shall ow soil to dania li chen clan being a common sight apparently lost the ability to survive in­ thwart your attempts to successfull y cul­ among the rocky terrain of N ew England. dependently, and they are rarely encoun­ tivate most of the desirabl e higher plant After an earl y morning spring rain, such tered without their algal compatriots. species. A gently sloping hill si de from which combinations take on an iridescent quality For descriptive purposes lichens are nor­ rocks naturally protrude, creating a seri es in which the clarity of color is un s urp ~s sed. mally identified as being either crustose, of natural soil pockets, is an ideal site for M osses and lich~n s call be easily combined foliose or fruiticose in form. The crustose a lichen garden as long as the soil is not in the home garqe!1 py either selecting sods lichens are the rock and weed clingers whose rich enough to offer desirable accommo­ containing both, or by combining soil minute, crust-like bodies are found form­ dations to the more aggressive grasses and dwelling species of each that prefer similar ing colonies that appear to be little more broad-leaved weeds. You can also create growing conditions (not all moss species than an out-growth of the surface upon an environment suitable for lichens. An will tolerate the drier conditions prefered which they grow. Crustose lichens can vary artificially created rocky slope or rock gar­ by the lichens) . Study the moss-lichen com­ in color from greens and grays to browns, den will Provide them with excellent binations that grow naturally in your area. oranges, reds and black. The color of any topography. If you can provide the growing conditions individual colony will often change in shade To prepare the soil for a lichen planting, under which these combinations thrive depending upon its moisrure content. The the dont's are just as important as the do's. naturally, you should be able to replicate variety of crustose lichens is seemingly Don't add fertilizer or any organic matter. those happy combinations in your own endless, whioh makes species designations Don't remove any of the existing rocks garden. difficult even for the expert. Recognizing (you may well wish to add rocks). Do re­ Since lichens are a symbiotic relati on­ a lichen as being crustose is all that you move any existing non-lichen vegetation ship between two distinct plant speoies, should ask of yourself. (except mosses), and if possible, lightly work they cannot reproduce themselves sex­ The more leaf-like, often rosette-form­ the soil. When gathering lichens from the ually. However, they do reproduce asex­ ing foliose lichens can be found growing wild, remove only a small portion of a ually with methods that will aid in yo ur upon rocks, live or dead wood, a nd on colony to bring home, permitting the re­ garden's development. Lichens have de­ occasion in shallow pockets of soil. Foliose mainder to continue growing in place un­ veloped the ability to produce small bodi es lichens can usually be re!'l1oved from their disturbed. In setting your lichen sods, keep consisting of both algae cells and fungal

American Horticulturist 3 1 MOSS & LICHEN CONT'D

hyphae, which are known as either soredia that contrast with the darker green of the combine to make up your lawn. The most or isidia, depending upon which portion plant's lower portions. The well known desirable is the common hairycap, which of the lichen thallus produced them. These pin cushion moss, Leucobryum glaucum, can be encouraged by means ot trans­ small bodies break off from the lichen that produces the famjliar greenish-white tufts plants, spores and the spreading of pow­ created them, and when they encounter often found at the base of trees or in rocky dered moss bits over the lawn area. favorable growing conditions, they "ger­ clefts. The common beard moss, Grimmia Transplant the soil dwelling mosses any minate" and develop into a new lichen. apocarpa, can be found forming olive-drab time of the year, although spring and fall, When lichens become dry and dormant tufts upon' rocky surfaces in damp, shady with their cooler and often moister days, they crumble easily, and the bits and pieces spots. The best known eastern moss is the usually prove best. Prepare the transplant­ are easily carried away by wind, water and common hairycap, Polytrichum com­ ing site by removing all competing vege­ passing animals. If these bits come upon mune. The hairycaps thrive in shady, damp tation and lightly work the soil to loosen a suitable area they will resume active areas but can also be found mingling with it. growth when adequate moisture becomes the lichens in rocky ground. Another beau­ When collecting moss to transplant, re­ available. Use this method of reproduction tiful soil dweller is the common fern moss, member that mosses do spread rapidly when to help establish lichens in your garden. Thudium delicatulum, whose fern-like happy. Remove only a small portion of a Prepare your lichen soil in advance, and branches are a welcome addition to any soil dwelling colony with the soil adhering then collect and air dry a piece of a lichen garden. A good all-purpose, soil dwelling to its base. Dip the lower half of the moss colony. Once dry, crumble and liberally moss is the cord moss, Funaria hygro­ sod into water to expose a portion of the spread the pieces over pre-moistened soil. metrica, which for!TIs light-green blankets rhizoids that anchor the!TI to their growing Keep the area moist and new lichens should wherever it can get a foothold. There are site. Place the sod on pre-moistened soil soon begin to develop. many other mosses in the wild that are and press firmly to establish good soil to also excellently suited to culture in the moss sod contact and to avoid drying out. Keep MOSSES garden. the moss moist until new growth and a The mosses belong to the sub-kingdom light pull indicate it has firmly anchored Embryophyta, whose two divisions, Bry­ GARDENING WITH MOSSES itself to its new home. ophyta and Tracheophyta, include most of If the growing conditions are right, no­ To bring mosses iHto the garden by drying the Earth's green land plant species. A ma­ tably moist and shady with a soil pos­ and powdering a small portion of a moss jor distinction between these two divisions sessing a decidedly acidic character (pH of colony (as Bonsai practitioners do to grow is the lack of distinct vascular tissues and 6.0 or less), mosses will invite themselves the moss that helps to protect the roots of true roots among the bryophytes. The bry­ into your garden. Many gardeners assume their trees), prepare your soil just as you ophytes are grollped into three classes: the theifpresence indicates a failure to provide would for moss transplanting, moisten it liverworts, Hepticae; the ho(nworts, An­ their gardens with horticulturally accept­ and then spread the powdered bits of moss thocerotae; and the mosses, Musci, the lat­ able growing conditions. However, the Er­ over the surface. Keep the soil moist until ter class consisting of as many as 14,000 icaceae in many instances prefer a soil with the moss is up and growing. Mosses also species. a low pH and a spot in the shade which spread naturally by spores, and a happy Unlike the thallophytes, mosses do pos­ remains moist, and who would accuse a moss colony will spore "freely. sess primitive leaves and stems, and in con­ gardener whose rhododendrons are thriv­ Lichens and mosses need and want no trast to rhe lichens, they have developed ing wi'th failing to provide them with proper fertilizer, require no insect and disease an effective means of sexually reproducing care? The horticultural merits of any given control, never need mowing, and they re­ themselves, displaying a very pronounced soil depend as much upon what you intend quire no winter protection in their native alternation of generations, which is a trait to grow there as upon the characteristics regions under most circumstances. A light shared by all embryophytes. Unfortu­ of the soil itself. Moss is indicative of pine needle mulch, removed when spring nately, the mosses' reproductive cycle is growing conditions suited to some plants arrives, will help to protect plantings in dependent upon the presence of abundant and not to others. Lawn grasses and mosses areas exposed to excessive winter wind and moisture to complete the process of gamete will usually not co-exist happily. However, sun. These small plants are excellent choices fusion, which has hampered their ability if ypur soil is usually moist, and your trees for low maintenance garden projects. Their to compete with higher plants whose re­ cast extensive shade, and you appreciate maintenance requirements will usually come productive systems are better adapted to the soft and luxuriant greens of a mossy down to occasional weeding. terrestrial life. On the other hand, mosses expanse, why not enjoy what your piece Once begun, a lichen and moss garden do share with the lichens the ability to of land is best suited to grow? Establishing will often encourage a gardener to discover suspend their growth processes for ex­ a moss lawn is really quite simple. Acidify the further advantages of using native tended periods when adverse growing con­ the soil (using dusting sulphur or a similiar plants. In spots where mosses thrive, ferns ditions prevail. There are species of moss material) and most grasses will die out, the and many wildflowers will also grow. Don't adapted to almost every possible growing weeds will. thin out, and when adequate be surprised if the areas of your garden situation. Among the species most likely moisture is available, mosses-already given over to native plantings grow in size to be encountered in the Northeast are present but hidden by their grass neigh­ and prominence as a result. ~ many which lend themselves readily to home bors-will fill out and take over. In time cultivation. The wire rock moss, Medwigia you should have a mossy green lawn that Michael Trimble is a landscape gardener and ciliata, is a rock dweller in shady spots, will satisfy all but the most fanatical of the insatiable plant collector. He lives in identifiable by the lighter tips of each plant bluegrass fraternity. Many mosses will Rhinebeck, New York.

32 February 1983 SEASONABLE REMINDERS A CATAlOGUE REvIEw

lIIumari on by Elizaberh Ayc ll . ears ago when I first became a se­ catalogs listed in tiny adS in the rear of shipped throughout the United States by rious gardener, I visite~ the local their bulletins and journals. I shunned the Air Parcel Post. Their catalog is small, but Ynurseries every spring and duti­ advertisements in the general garden mag­ the number of hardy alpine plants, peren­ fully purchased the old garden standbys: azines whenever they were half a page or nials and choice shrubs represents an ex­ daisies, phlox, peonies and daylilies, top­ more and only wrote to the firms that ap­ tremely personal selection. They are the ping off the floral groceries with a scat­ peared in the classified sections. Suddenly only nursery I've found that stocks funcus teripg of marigolds, petunias and bedding I discovered the other end of the nursery effusus 'Spiralis', a cultivar of the rush famil y begonias. Then, like every pretender to the spectrum: not the supermarket giants but that forrns its leaves in a tight, corkscrew garden throne, I became bored with steady the "mom-and-pop's"-small businesses spiral. If you are one of those gardeners doses of flagrant color and the hugeness that sold thousands of lesser-known plants who have tried to grow the fabled blue of scale tmat seems to be the raison d'etre described in small, well-written catalogs. poppy of Tibet from seed, and failed, Al­ of the meganurseries in the United States­ These nurseries were not grandiose and penglow also has Meconopsis betonicifolia if bold and big is good, then bolder and vulgar but quietly restrained. They wrapped or its more COmmon cousin, the yellow bigger is better. their cargoes with extreme care, shipped Welsh poppy, M. cambrica. I attempted to expand my collections by by U.P.S., answered their mail without Ihe Banana Tree features the larges t buying plapts through the mail. Soon the computers and opened up to me a new selection o'f banana plants that anyone could catalogs began to arrive-rife with color garden world. wish for, excellent 'outdoors in Florida or, pictures of daisies, phlox, peonies and more The following nurseries are only a few for those in colder climates, perfect for a daylilitls than it seemed the world could of the fine organizations that I have dealt house plant. This nursery also sells ~ eed possibly hold-and my garden stayed just with while growing and writing about my for many strange tropical plants and li sts about the same. . . garden. 16 types of Chinese vegetables for th ~ gar­ Now desperate, I joined a number of Alpenglow Gardens is located in British den-from Dai Gai Choi (India mustard) smaller garden societies both here and Columbia, Canada. They drive plant or­ to Dow Gauk (the asparagus bean). The abroad and began to write away for the ders to Blaine, Washington, where they are catalog gives plenty of tips on growing.

American Horticulturis t 33 SEASONABLE REMINDERS CONT'D

Kurt Bluemel, Inc. is the largest grower guinaria canadensis 'Multiplex'), a wild­ The hardy bulb listing includes over 20 and supplier of ornamental grasses, sedges fl ower that resembles a small double wa­ species of Fritillaria, those uncommonly and rushes in the country. For those gar­ tedily, and the Barnhaven primrose beautiful spring bulbs. deners who have tired of blue fescue (Fes­ collection (s tarted by Florence Bellis in The perennial section includes six va­ tuca ovina var. glauca), why not try bear Gresham, Oregon), a series of primrose rieties of sweet violets (Viola odorata), five skin grass (Festuca 'Piccarlit') or zebra grass transplants and seeds that cover every color types of Yucca, and that interesting and (Miscanthus sinensis 'Zebrinus'), a six- to in the rainbow. A unique flower in this little-known knapweed, Centaurea macro­ seven-foot tropical statement of striped collection is that most beautiful Victorian cephala, with its heavily perfumed, bright­ leaves topped with silver plumes every au­ jewel, the goldlaced polyanthus (Primu la yellow, thistle-like flower. tumn, or one of the more decorative sedges, vulgaris 'Gold Lace'). Of all the flowers in Lamb Nurseries of Spokane, Washing­ Gray's sedge (Carex grayi), a plant that my spring garden, this particular plant ton carries a large selection of hardy pe­ enjoys partial shade and a spot at the water's generates the most response from viewers. rennials and alpine 'plants, and their cat­ edge? Greer Gardens is operated by Harold alog is one of the few I've seen that takes The Cummins Garden lists dwarf rho­ and Nancy Greer, who issue a 72-page the trouble to give a pronunciation guide dodendron hybrids that start at the cate­ catalog that includes a bewildering selec­ to the Latin names of the plants described. gory dwarf (groundcover to 18 inches) and tion of rhododendrons and azaleas and a Among the featured items are six varieties proceed up the scale to tall (60 inches and limited collection of some of the most of rock cress (Aubrieta), including a var­ up ). In addition, the owner, Betty Cum­ beautiful maple cultivars to be found any­ iegated form with gray-green leaves edged mins, keeps over 35 varieties of dwarf where. Catalog information is accurate and with silvery-white, and for the fans of larger evergreens-including the beautiful Juni­ includes a carefully prepared description floral displays, 15 types of the giant foot­ perus squamata 'B lue Star' with elegant that gives a plant's parentage, its height in ball mums, 12 of the cushion type (or aza­ steel-blue foliage-and a large number of 10 years, an accurate hardiness rating and leamums), the charming spoon chrysan­ companion plants, scaled to be grown with a quality scale from one to five. themums and selected garden varieties. evergreens. For a sparkle of color in your Look for their new tropical rhododen­ Lamb's also continues to stock one of spring garden, try the American wild­ drons from New Guinea and Borneo, the the most charming garden show-stoppers flower, Quaker ladies, H edyotis caerulea Vireyas (see "New Introductions for 1983" I've ever grown, the hardy calceolaria or (formerly Houstonia caerula), a tiny plant on page 18 for two of them). Plants must slipperwort, Calceolaria 'John Innes'. Fea­ with pale-blue flowers and a bright-yellow be brought indoors before the first frost ture this plant in your garden border, and eye. She also stocks many varieties that and will have their heaviest flowering dur­ you will always have a friend begging for aren't listed in the catalog. ing fall and early winter. Over 15 species a plant when you divide. It's hardy, with Endangered Species is a labor of love are described and offered. mulching, in Zone 5. operated in California by Hermine and Holbrook Farm and Nursery is operated Las Pilitas Nursery is operated by the Roger Stover. Although many endangered by Allen W. Bush and publishes both a Wilsons and features an interesting col­ plants are offered for sale, their catalogs spring and a fall catalog. These include a lection of plants native to California. Now, list hundreds of others-from house plants number of interesting native American what, you may ask, does this mean to a with variegated leaves to well over 100 wildflowers with full cultural instructions; denizen of New York or Vermont? Well, species of the wax plant, Hoya, that are a good selection of bulbs for naturalizing; remember California is a big state and runs not. The selection is large and Hermine and, to me, the best of the forsythia world, the climate zone gambit from a torrid 10 continually tries to enlarge the varieties Forsythia viridissiina 'Bronxensis ', a dwarf, to a frigid 5, and since one of the thrills available. The bamboo collection includes compact plant that keeps its height to about in gardening is experimentation, this cat­ a few that are hardy in northern climates two feet. alog might be an interesting place to begin. and will spark interest for years to come. If you always thought that the cardinal They feature-among hundreds of native The catalog is well-illustrated, and the $4.00 flower was beyond your grasp, try Lobelia plants-12 varieties of the bear-berry. cost includes a number of newsletters and cardinalis as they suggest it be grown-in (A rctostaphylos), nine types of penste­ special price lists of specialized plant col­ good garden loam, forgetting the ex­ mons, and the golden-eyed relative of blue­ lections. If you always thought that the tremely wet conditions that are usually eyed grass, Sisyrinchium californicum, a mother-in-law's tongue (Sansevieria tri­ prescribed. delightful plant that makes it through our fasciata) was a one plant act, you are in International Growers Exchange, Inc. is winters of -20°F. for a surprise. a bit larger in scope than the other firms Milaeger's Gardens takes us north to Far North Gardens is run by Karen and described herein, but their catalog, "The Wisconsin where the Milaeger family has Doug Smith, who stock a phenomenal va­ Wide, Wide World of Bulbs and Plants," been in the garden business for over 20 riety of seeds from house plants to herbs with its picture of a blooming Amorpho­ years. Among their new plant offerings are and wildflowers to strange perennials. It's phallus rivieri, a plant not for the squeam­ the old-fashioned hollyhock (Alcea rosea), important to read their collector's seed list ish, is exactly what it appears to be, a with double flowers in pastel colors; goat's with care or you are bound to miss what potpourri of the botanical world. beard (Aruncus dioicus), a plant that re­ could be a great garden discovery. Far North A vast selection of orchids, African vi­ sembles a giant astilbe with long ivory sells rare flower seed-rare because it is olets and general house plants share pages plumes of flowers on branches two to three extremely difficult to find many of these with tree peonies (Paeonia suffruticosa, of­ feet high; and the hard-to-find Russian sage varieties in eve ryday commerce. Included fered for very reasonable prices) and other (Perovskia atroplicifolia), a very hardy late are the stunning double bloodroot (San - herbs and perennials. bloomer with a sage-like odor to the leaves.

34 February 1983 PEONIES, IRIS, NtERICAN DAYLILIES - RORllCULTURIST In addition, M il aeger's is the onl y place from World - Famous I've ever fo und that stocks Swedish ga rden How d oes Wild's Gardens clogs for both men and women, and in five your gard en styles. For those with an old-fashi oned bent grow? Ameri­ 96 -page can Horticul­ to ga rden design, gazing globes of a 12- full -color turist is not catalog inch di ameter are avail able in fo ur colors: only fill ed gold, sil ve r, blue or green. with over with beauti­ 1300 Plants of the Southwest deals with seeds ful pictures, varie ti e s ins tead of plants, but thei r unusual selec­ but also with tion of native grasses, wildflowers, trees helpful ga r- and shrubs-plus a section on ancient veg­ dening informati on. etables that you can grow-makes it a wel­ Now you ca n keep you r issues of co me addition to the job of expanding a American Hor ticulturist all in one place plus ... timely planting tipS garden'S scope. for quick. handy reference. These for yo ur garden ... Choose from th iS The catalog is a mine of in formati on on attractive binders will hold 18 issues. gorgeous coll e ction Send today fo r yo ur That's three years' worth of garden­ cata log of superb va lu es $ 2 (deducti ble seed germinati on, growing ti ps and plan t ing know- how. on first catalog order) . culture and includes a fine secti on on using pl ants fo r dyeing cl oth . O ur magazine title is attractively Pl ease send your va lue -packed cata log . embossed in gold on a rich, leather­ enclose $ 2 . deductib le on my fir s t cata log In fact, the information on changing your li ke green sp ine. Easil y applied gold order lawn to buffa lo grass (Buchloe dacty­ numbers are incl uded to help you Name loides) so it need only be mowed three add dates and volume numbers. times a year is worth the investment of St/ RFD . Three or more binders for $6.50 $1.00. Be sure to order the pumpkin seeds each or $7.50 for one binder post­ City ...... State .. .. Zip of the cultiva r 'Lady Godiva ': seeds have paid Send your check to Binders, send to: no shell s and are truly delicious when oven­ The American Horticultural Society, GILBERT H. WILD & SON, INC. roasted ri ght from the vegetable garden. Mount Vernon, Virginia 22121 and AH-283 Joplin St. Rocknoll Nursery is a small nursery, the we will fi ll your order p rom ptl y. Sarcoxie, MO. 64862 end res ult of garden friends w ho met to found the o ri ginal O hi o Rock Garden So­ ciety some 50 years ago. The pl ant selec­ AUTOMATIC VENTILATION ti on is, again, very personal, and reflects the large rock and perennial garden at the Sa ur home in Hillsboro, O hio. Among my favorites are the truly dwarf daylil y, Hemerocallis 'Good Fairy of Oz', THERMO FOR automatically controls hinged windows as heavy as 30 lb . with its deep-pink fl owers that bloom on to maintain the temperature required . It will lift a full 12 inches, or hold plants with leaves under one-foot high, and part way open as necessary. the dwarf blue-grass daisy, Coreopsis au­ riculata 'Nana', with six- to eight-i nch tufts • You can go away with no worry of bright-orange flo wers found years ago about sudden weather changes. in the hills behind Maysvill e, Kentucky. • Power failures have no effect - Rockno ll also features eight interes ting electric power is not used. varieties of coral bell , including the low­ • Your plants thrive with closer temperature control. growing, bright-red type, Heuchera 'S pit­ The SELECT model - best for fire'. greenhouses because it takes only 2 inches headroom. Clamp-on attachments Sandy Mush Herb Nursery produces a simplify installation on metal houses. handsome catalog that li sts both common Ask for FREE PLANS to make your and uncommon herbs, plus a number of own CAREFREE COLD FRAME. Start alpines and garden perennials. Look for now and enjoy fresh salad crops right the Egyptian topping oni on (Allium cepa, into winter - and be ready for an early start in your garden next spring. proliferum group), a plant that can double as a vegetable and a garden orn amental, The SOVEREIGN model - best for BRAMEN CO., INC., 20 New Derby St., with it's tiny bulbs set atop tall onion leaves. cold frames because it's readily P.O.Box 70-AB Salem, Mass. 01970 disconnected and re-<:onnected. The Or try setting up a garden spot featuring o Please send full information about frame can be opened fully at any time. THERMOFOR controllers a few of their 35 kinds of thyme from the n Please include FREE PlANS for pine-scented Broussonetii thyme (Thymus making my own CAREFREE COLD FRAME. broussonetii) or camphor thyme (T. cam­ No wiring! Easily installed on any greenhouse vent-top or Name ______Ad&~ ______phoratus), to the unclassified Dot Well s' side-or on any cold frame . creeping thyme found in an old garden in Asheville, N orth Carolina.

American Horticulturist 35 SEASONABLE REMINDERS CONT'D

David B. Sindt is now entering his eighth those small charmers of early spring, the tectorum 'Album', with sculptural white year as a dealer with the most extensive drabas. Try either the small three-inch by flowers on 18-inch stems. commercial li sting of Iris pumila (93 va­ six-inch clumps of white flowers, Draba Andre Viette Farm & Nursery has been rieties), all three to five inches tall and dedeana, or the larger yellow species, D. in the Viene fami ly for over 50 years, and blooming before all the bearded irises. bruniifolia subsp. 'olympica in well-drained it recently moved from Long Island, New Mr. Sindt emphasizes that his plants are soil around the front of the garden border. York to Virginia. Their nursery grows a excell ent for the rock garden as they are They bloom in very early spring. large collection of garden perennIals and truly dwarf and not to be confused with Stonecrop Nurseries is located in upstate rock garden plants, including over 50 types the larger types listed by most other nur­ New York on the Hudson River-but at of Hosta; the rare black mondo grass, series. He also notes that these marvelous an elevation of 1,000 feet- which puts it Ophiopogon planiscapus 'Arabicus', with flowers do not do too well where winters right in the middle of U.S.D.A. Zone 5. its dark-purple, almost black leaves; and are mild. Their collection of plants is, like most of the wonderful variegated form of the Siskiyou Rare Plant Nursery is owned the other firms in this article, an extremely woodland iris, Iris pallida 'Variegata'. by J. Cobb Colley and Baldassare Mineo. personal one. The nursery can only ship If you are looking for a show-stopper It has been well-known with adventure­ between February 1 and March 30, so or­ in your woodland garden, try the spectac­ some gardeners for years. They specialize ders must be in early. ular shade plant, the yellow ladyslipper in alpines, hardy ferns and Pacific north­ Among the plants offered are that most orchid, Cypripedium calceolus. west native plants, giving quite reliable beautiful (and hardy) Japanese painted fern, The garden is generally open to visitors culture notes so gardeners who are far north Athyrium goeringianum 'Pictum', with and stocks many items not listed in the will know what to order. Look particu­ wine-red stems and fo liage of green and catalog, which costs $1.00. laril y for their listings of over 20 kinds of red, flushed with silvery-gray; Pachysan­ The Winterthur Plant Shop is a new ad­ Campanula or the seven species of garden dra procumbens, a native of the Allegheny dition to the Winterthur Museum of Del­ cyclamen, usually hardy to Zone 7 (will Mountains that blooms in early spring with aware. The plants offered are all propa­ grow well in pots for those in colder cli­ white to pale-pink flowers, forming la-rge gated from the distinctive collection of the mates). For primrose fanciers, Siskiyou clumps over time but never given to run­ Winterthur Gardens and are grown in their grows 10 of the very best. They also stock ning; and the fine Japanese roof iris, Iris own gardens and nursery. The selection is truly fine, ranging from native shrubs and MAIL-ORDER SOURCES trees to exotic flowers and magnificent rhododendrons. The catalog carefully lists cultural requirements. Among the prizes • Alpenglow Gardens, 13328 King George Margarita, CA 93453. The catalog is $1.00. Highway, Surrey, B. C. Canada, V3T 2T6. The offered is the graceful white forsythia, catalog is $1.00, and an American check is fine. • Milaeger's Gardens, 4838 Douglas Avenue, Abeliophyllum distichum, also called the Racine, WI 53402. The catalog is $1.00. Korean abelia-leaf, with its clusters of very • The Banana Tree, 715 Northampton Street, sweet-smelling, pale-white flowers that Easton, PA 18042. Send 251/. in coin or stamp s. • Plants of the Southwest, 1570 Pacheco Street, bloom in early April on branches that rarely Sante Fe, NM 87501. • Kurt Bluemel, Inc., 2543 Hess Road, Falls­ grow over five feet. This small shrub is ton, MD 21047. The list is 50¢. • Rocknoll Nursery, 9210 U. S. 50, Hillsboro, hardy to at least -20°F if given some pro­ OH 45133. The catalog also li sts a number of tection from heavy winter winds. • The Cummins Garden, 22 Robertsville Road, low-growing shrubs suitable for the smaller gar­ Woodlanders is located in the hills of Marlboro, NJ 07746. The first catalog is $1.00, den. The cost is 40¢ in stamps. South Carolina and they grow and ship and a refund coupon is issued. • Sandy Mush Herb Nursery, Route 2, Surrett trees and shrubs- both hardy and exotic­ • Endangered Species, 12571 Red Hill Avenue, Cove Road, Leicester, NC 28748. The ca talog perennials, ferns and other native Ameri­ Tustin, CA 92680. is $1.00. can wildflowers. Complete cultural in­ structions are included in their catalog, so • Far North Gardens, 16785 Harrison, Li­ • David B. Sindt, 1331 West Cornelia, Dept. vonia, MI 48154. The catalog is $1.00, de­ H, Chicago, IL 60657. the gardener need never fear buying from ductible from the first order. a southern climate for a northern spot­ • Siskiyou Rare Plant Nursery, 2825 Cum­ though their shipping season ends in mid­ • Greer Gardens, 1280 Goodpasture Island mings Road, Medford, OR 97501. The catalog March when plants in their area have started Road, Eugene, OR 97401. The catalog is $2.00. and fall supplement is $1.50. to break dormancy. Woodlanders carries • Holbrook Farm and Nursery, Route 2, Box • Stonecrop Nurseries, Route 301, Cold Spring, the most interesting Stoke's aster (Stokesia 223 B, Fletcher, NC 28732. The catalog is $1.00, NY 10516. Send a stamped (20¢), self-ad­ laevis) , with its quill-like daisy "petals"; refundable with the first order. dressed envelope for a list. the beautiful yellow trillium (Trillium dis­ color); and the great blue lobelia (Lobelia • Andre Viette Farm & Nursery, Route 1, Box • International Growers Exchange, In c., Box siphilitica), perfectly hardy all the way to 397, Farmington, MI 48024. Catalogs cost $3.00 16, Fisherville, VA 22939. and include the general catalog and the latest Zone 4. 0 sa le lists of imported and domestic bulbs. • The Winterthur Plant Shop, Winterthur Mu­ -Peter Loewer seum and Gardens, Winterthur, DE 19735, • Lamb Nurseries, E. 101 Sharp Avenue, Spo­ $1.00. Peter Loewer is a botanical artist and kane, WA 99202. The catalog costs $1.00. scientific illustrator who writes and illustrates • Wood landers, 1128 Colleton Avenue, Aiken, hi s own books. His latest book is Evergreens, • Las Pilitas Nursery, Star Route Box 23x, Santa SC 29801. The catalog is $2.00. A Guide for Landscape, Lawn and Carden.

36 February 1983 SoURCES

ARISTOLOCHIA NEW PLANTS FOR '83 Logee's Greenhouses, 55 North Street, Pl ants Many of the pl ants we selected are avail ­ Danielson, CT 06239, catalogue $2.50. Carroll Gardens, PO Box 310, 444 East abl e onl y fro m the single source mentioned Geo. W. Park Seed Company, Inc., PO Main Street, Westminster, MD 21157. in the descriptions. Write to these com­ Box 31, Greenwood, SC 29647, A. durior. pani es at the addresses below. The plants catalogue free. Logee's Greenhouses, 55 North Street, for whi ch no source is mentioned should Siskiyou Rare Plant N ursery, 2825 Dani elson, CT 06239. Catalogue $2.50. be avail able from most ma jor mai l-o rder Cummings Road, Medford, O R A. elegans, A. grandiflora, A. peruviana. seed and nursery houses as well as local 97501, ca talogue $1.50. Seed garden cen ters and nurseries . Andre Viette Farm and N ursery, Ro ute J. L. Hudson, Seedsman, PO Box 1058, W. Atl ee Burpee Company, Warminster, 1, Box 16, Fishersvill e, VA 22939, Redwood City, CA 94064. Catalogue PA 18991, catalogue free. catalogue $1.00. $1.00. A. durior, A. eiegans, A. galeta, Ca rl sons Gardens, Box 305, South Wayside Gardens, Hodges, SC 29795, A. minor. Sa lem, NY 10590, catalogue $2.00. catalogue $1.00. Thompson a nd Morga n, PO Box 100, Girard N urseries, PO Box 428, Geneva, White Flower Farm, Li tchfield, CT Fa rmingdale, NJ 07727. A. elegans, A. O H, ca talogue free. 06759, catalogue $5.00 grandiflora. Greer Gardens, 1280 Goodpasture NEW PLANTS FOR ·S3 PHOTOGRAPHS Island Road, Eugene, O R 97401, Page I: phorographs courtesy of Gree r Ga rdens (l eft) and HONEYSUCKLE White Flowe r Fa rm (rop and bortom). ca talogue $2.00. Page 15·19: 1.24. Denholm Seeds; 2. Bodge r Seeds; 3.4. Lonicera heckrottii is ava il able from Car­ Klehm N"urse ry, 2 East Algonquin Road, Andre Viettc ; 5. Bu rpee Seed Co.; 6. 19 .20.23. Ba ll Seed Co.; 7. Kl ehm Nursc r)'; 8. Girard Nurse ri es; 9 ~ Park Seed Co.; roll Gardens, PO Box 310, 444 East Main Arlington Heights and Algonquin 10. 11. Ways id e Gardens; 12. Gold smith Seed Co.; 13. Street, Westminster, MD 21157 and Roads, Arl ington Heights, IL 60005, Siski yo u Rare Pl anr Nursery; 14.25. Greer Gard ens; 15. AARS; 16. 21. Logee·s Greenhouse; 17. 18. White Flower Wayside Gardens, Hodges, SC 29695. catalogue free. Fa rm; 22. Carlsons Gardens.

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American Horticulturist 37 PRONUNCIATION GlUDE

Guide to Botanical Names in This Issue Centaurea macro~epha l a Houstonia caerulea cen-TA W-ree-ah mack-ro-SEFF-ah-Ia hew-STONE-ee-ah see-REW-Iee-ah The accent, or emphasis, falls on the Cerbera SIR-ber-ah syllable that appears in capital letters. The Hoya HOY-ah vowels that you see standing alone are Chrysanthemum coccineum Iris pallida EYE-ris PAL-id-ah pronounced as fo ll ows: kris-AN-thee-mum cock-SIN-ee-um I. pumila i. PEW-mi-Ia i-short sound; sounds like i in "hit" Crysopsis villosa kri-SOP-sis vill-O-sa 1. sibirica i. sy-BEER-i-ka o--Iong sound; sounds like 0 in "snow" Cistus monspeliensis I. tectorum i. teck-TOR-um a-long sound; sounds like a in 'hay". SIS-tuss mon-spell-ee-EN-sis Juncus effusus JUNK-uss ef-FEW-sus C. psilosepalus c. si-Io-SEE-pal-uss Juniperus squamata Abelia X grandiflora Cladonia cristatella jew-NIP-er-us skwa-MA-ta a-BEEL-ya grand-i-FLOR-ah clay-DOAN-ee-ah kris-ta-TELL-ah Kochia KOSH-ee-ah Abeliophyllum distichum C. rangiferina c. range-i-fer-EYE-na Koelreuteria paniculata a-beel-ee-o-FILL-um dis-TY-kum Coreopsis auriculata kol-rew-TERE-ee-ah pan-ick-yew-LA Y-ta Acacia drepanolobium kor-ee-OP-sis aw-rick-you-LA Y-ta Lathyrus latifolius ah-KA Y-see-ah dre-pan-o-LOW-bee-um Comus kousa KOR-nus KOO-sa la-THY-rus lat-i-FOL-ee-us Acanthus ah-CAN-thuss Coronilla valentina Leucobryum glaucum Acer rubrum A-ser REW-brum kor-o-NILL-ah va l-en-TY-na lew-co-BRY-um GLAW-cum Alcea rosea al-SEE-ah ROSE-ee-ah Cypripedium calceolus Lilium martagon LIL-ee-um MAR-ta-gon Allamanda cathartica sip-ri-PEE-dee-um cal-see-O-Ius Liriodendron tulipifera all-ah-MAND-ah cath-AR-ti-ka C. reginae ,:. re-JIN-ee leer-ee-o-DEN-dron too-lip-i-FARE-ah A. neriifolia Daphne DAFF-ne Lobelia cardinalis a. nere-ee-eye-FO-Iee-ah Deutzia DEWT-see-ah lo-BEEL-ee-ah/lo-BEEL-ya car-di-NA Y-liss A. violacea a. vy-o-LACE-ee-ah Dianthus plumarius L. siphilitica I. siph-i-LIT-i-ka Allium cepa AL-ee-um SEE-pa dy-AN-thuss plu-MARE-ee-us Lonicera americana Aloe barbadensis AL-oh-ee bar-ba-DEN-sis Dimorphotheca ecklonis lo-NISS-er-ah a-mer-i-KAN-ah A. vera a. VARE-ah di-mor-fo-THECK-ah eck-LOW-niss L. caprifolium I. cap-ri-FO-Iee-um Amorphophallus rivieri Dipladenia amoena L. etrusca I. eh-TRUSS-ka ah-mor-fo-PHAL-us riv-ee-AIR-ee dip-Ia-DEEN-ee-ah am-o-E-na L. heckrottii I. heck-ROT-tee-eye Apocynum a-po-SY-num Draba bruniifolia subsp. olympica Lysimachia vulgaris Arctostaphylos ark-toe-sta-FILL-os DRAB-ah brew-nee-eye-FO-Iee-ah Iy-si-MOCK-ee-ah vul-GAY-riss Aristolochia califomica o-LIM-pi-ka Mandevilla amabilis air-riss-toe-LO-kee-ah kal-i-FORN-i-ka D. dedeana d. dee-dee-A-na man-de-VILL-ah ahm-ah-BEE-liss A. durior a. DUR-ee-or Elaeagnus angustifolia M.laxa m. LACKS-ah A. elegans a. ELL-eh-ganz ell-ee-AG-nus ang-goose-ti-FO-Iee-ah M. splendenz m. SPLEN-denz A . fimbriata a. fim-bree-A-ta Festuca ovina var. glauca M. suaveolens m. su-av-ee-O-Ienz A. gigantea a. ji-GAN-tee-ah fes-TEW-ka o-VY-na GLAW-ca Matthiola incana math-ee-O-Ia in-CAN-ah A. grandiflora a. grand-i-FLOR-ah Ficus benjamina FY-kus ben-ja-MY-na Meconopsis betonicifolia A. serpentaria a. sir-pen-TARE-ee-ah Forsythia viridissima mek-i-NOP-sis bet-on-iss-i-FO-Iee-ah A. tomentosa a. toe-men-TOE-sa for-SITH-ee-ah veer-i-DISS-i-ma M. cambrica m. CAM-brick-ah Artemisia ar-tem-EEZ-ee-ah Fouquiera splendens Metasequoia me-ta-se-QUOY-ah Aruncus dioicus ah-RUN-kus dy-O-i-kus foo-key-AIR-ree-ah SPLEN-denz Miscanthus sinensis mis-CAN-thus sy-NEN-sis Astrantia ah-STRAN-tee-ah Franklinia alatamaha Nerium oleander NERE-ee-um ol-ee-AN-der Athyrium goeringianum frank-LIN-ee-ah ah-Ia-ta-MA-ha Ophiopogon planiscapus ah-THIGH-ree-um gair-ring-ee-A-num Fritillaria frit-i ll -A Y-ree-ah off-ee-o-PO-gon pla-nis-KA Y-puss Aubrieta aw-BREE-sha Funaria hygrometrica Osteospermum ecklonis Beaumontia grandiflora foo-NARE-ee-ah hy-gro-MET-ri-ka oss-tee-o-SPERM-mum eck-LO-niss bow-MONT-ee-ah grand-i-FLOR-ah Geranium dalmaticum Pachysandra procumbens Betula populifolia jer-A-nee-um dal-MA Y-ti-kum pak-i-SAN-dra pro-KUM-benz BET-yew-Ia pop-you-li-FO-Iee-ah G. sanguineum g. san-GWIN -ee-um Paeonia suffruticosa Brassica BRASS-i-ka Gladiolus byzantinus pee-OWN-ee-ah sa-fruit-i-KOSE-ah Buchloe dactyloides glad-ee-O-Ius biz-zan-TY-nuss Papaver rhoeas pa-PAV-er RO-ee-us BEW-klo dack-til-o-EYE-deez Grimmia apocarpa Parmelia caparata par-MEE-Iee-ah cap-ar-A-ta Buddleia BUD-Iee-ah gri-MEE-ah a-po-CAR-pa P. conspera p. con-SPARE-ah Calceolaria cal-see-o-LAIR-ee-ah Hedwigia ciliata P. physodes p. fizz-O-deez Carex grayi CARE-ex GRAY-eye hed-WIG-ee-ah si l-ee-A-ta Pelargonium pell-ar-GO-nee-um Carissa grandiflora Hedyotis caerulea Penstemon PEN-ste-mon care-ISS-ah grand-i-FLOR-ah head-ee-O-tiss see-REW-Iee-ah Perovskia atriplicifolia Caryopteris care-ee-OP-ter-iss Hepatica americana per-OV -ski-ah at-ri-pliss-i-FO-Iee-ah Catharanthus roseus ha-PAT-i-ka a-mer-i-KAN-ah Phlomis fruticosa FLOW-miss fru-ti-KO-sa cath-are-AN-thuss ROSE-ee-us Heuchera HEWK-er-ah Phlox divaricata FLOCKS dy-vair-i-KAY-ta Celtis occidentalis Hosta sieboldiana Pinus strobus PY-nus STRO-bus KEL-tiss ock-si-den-TA Y-liss HOSS-ta see-bold-ee-A-na P. taeda p. TEE-da

38 Febmary 1983 HONEYSUCKLE CONT'D from page 26

Platanus occidentalis Whorled buds resemble loose hands of 1 V2 - one got quite different treatment. I planted PLAT-in-us ock-si-den-TA Y -liss inch, fuchsia-pink bananas. Each bud splits it against the trunk of a pine (Pinus taeda) Plumeria rubra plu-MARE-ee-ah REW-bra and reflexes into two parts, the upper sec­ alongside a shady path. Scandent shrubs Polytrichum commune tion oblong, shallowly scalloped into four will climb, but they need help until they pol-ee-TRY-cum ko-MEW-nee lobes, the lower one long and slender. The reach branches over which to drape them­ Primula vulgaris PRIM-yew-la vu l-GA Y-riss inner sides are banana ye llow. Seen side­ selves. I used staples (the semi-circular kind Pseudotsuga menziesii sue-do-SUE-ga men-ZEES-ee-eye ways, an open flower suggests a story book used for attaching wire to wooden fence Quercus alba QUER-kus AL-ba dragon's head, breathing sparks of ex­ posts) to attach the main stem to the trunk Rauvolfia canascens truded yellow stamens. of the pine and knocked them in only shal­ rau-VOL-fee-ah ka-NA Y-senz I ordered gold fl ame, as I do so many lowly to leave room for expansion. Once R. serpentina r. sir-pen-TY-na plants, because I wanted to grow it and the honeysuckle reached the branches of R. vomitoria r. vo-mi-TORE-ee-ah learn about it, and without first deciding the pine it managed nicely for itself. It does Rhododen dron aurigeranum where it was to be pl anted. When the good­ not, like Hall's, wrap itself boa constrictor­ ro-do-DEN-dron aw-rige-er-A-num sized clump a rrived, bareroot, in early style round trunk and branches, hugging R. lochae r. LOCK-ee spring, I cut off a small rooted section and its prey to death. Goldflame hoists itself R. macgregoriae r. mac-GREG-or-ee-ee potted it up as a security deposit, for this towards the sky by making an occasional R. mucronulatum r. mew-kron-yew-LA Y-tum was my second try; an earlier order brought lackadaisical loop round a branch, a stub R. periclymenoides a plant too dried out to survive. The potted or one of its own stems, then reclining a r. pair-i-cly-men-o-EYE-deez piece convalesced in a shaded plunge bed bit before reaching up again to make an­ R. schlippenbachii r. schlip-en-BACH-ee-eye near the house where watering is not over­ other half twist, and so on. After a year it Rhus toxicoden dron looked. I then wandered round the garden had grown 10 feet into the pine, with side ROOS tox-i-co-DEN-dron seeking a vacant spot for the main clump. branches of almost equal length looped Robinia pseudoacacia Behind a large boulder over which it could horizontally, but all of this so loosely at­ rob-IN-ee-ah sue-do-ah-CASE-ee-ah loll would have seemed the ideal spot- or tached that when cut back in autumn a Sanguinaria canadensis might reflected heat have scorched the leaves couple of tugs brought it all tumbling down. sang-gwin-A Y-ri-ah can-ah-DEN-sis and shortened the life of the fl owers? In This plant flowered quite well, but not Sansevieria trifasciata san -see-VEER -ee-ah tri -fash -ee-A -ta any event, there is not so much as a pebble nearly so profusely as the other, nor for Santolina chamaecyparissus on our two sandy acres. as long. Shade was only part of the reason san-to-LEE-na came-ee-sip-er-ISS-us Most English books say honeysuckles for the difference, the other being that Sarracenia purpurea need moist shade. Instinct (or cussedness) goldflame flowers in whorls at the tips of sare-ah-SIN-ee-ah poor-poor-E-ah led me to ignore this advice and seek a the branches, not in the axils of lower leaves. Sequoiadendron giganteum place in the sun. The spot picked out was A plant encouraged to climb has fewer tips see-QUOY-ah-DEN-dron ji-GAN-tee-um immediately behind a wide bush of the low than one kept pinched out and bushy. Next Sidalcea si-DAL-see-ah and spreading Abelia X grandiflora 'Pros­ year I will aim for a compromise with some Sisyrichium californicum trata' alongside the driveway. The soil is pinching done to encourage branching and sis-i-RICK-ee-um kal-i-FORN-i-kum sandy, but well enriched with leafmold, flowering at trunk level rather than high Staphylea trifolia staff-FY-lee-ah try-FO-lee-ah and there is shade for the honeysuckle's in the branches of the pine out of the field Stokesia laevis STOKES-ee-ah LEE-vis Strophanthus dichotomus roots under the abelia's spreading, twiggy of view. stro-PHAN-thuss dy-KOT-o-muss branches. I had one misgiving: honeys uc­ There are other possibilities to be ex­ S. hispidus s. HISS-pid-uss kles, and indeed most plants, grow to­ plored. By pinching and pruning to form S. preussii s. PRU-see-eye wards the light. Could I, by removing a permanent woody framework it should S. sarmentosus s. sar-men-TOE-suss branches growing towards the stronger be possible to shape goldflame into flori­ Taxodium distichum western afternoon sun, induce branches to ferous mounds needing no support. Or, by tacks-O-dee-um dis-TY-kum spread forward over the abelia towards the staking, to train it in the same way as tree Thevetia peruviana east? The answer has proved to be yes. A and bush wisterias. It would also lend itself thee-VET-ee-ah pe-rew-vee-A-na position facing south or west would never­ to training round a pole in the flower bor­ Thuidium delicatulum der or on a fence or gatepost. I have tried thew-ID-i-um dell-i-KA-tew-lum theless be preferable if there is a choice. Thunbergia myorensis The host shrub should be chosen with it in a terrace tub but this didn't work too thun-BERGE-ee-ah my-or-REN-sis care-certainly not a choice, slow-growing well because it wants to grow up and out Thymus broussonetii evergreen. Abelia, in this, area, is an in­ rather than cascade. In the hands of a pa­ THY -musfTY -mus brew-son-ET-ee-eye expensive, sturdy, fast growing shrub, eas­ tient and punctilious gardener it also could T. camphoratus t. cam-for-A-tuss ily rejuvenated by hard pruning when be trained on a trellis against a house wall, Trachelospermum tray-kell-o-SPER-mum branches shaded out by the honeysuckle a warm one in the cooler parts of the coun­ Tradescantia virginiana get bare or die. I shorten the honeysuckle try, north or east facing where summers tray-des-KAN-tee-ah ver-jin-ee-A-na branches in winter or very early spring so are hot and held in place with staples or Trillium discolor TRILL-ee-um DIS-col-or that it will not entirely engulf its host, which plastic covered wires.O Vinca major VINK-ahNIN-ka MA Y-jer V. minor v. MY -nor is in its own right a pretty shrub valued for late season flower. Pamela Harper is a garden writer, V. rosea v. ROSE-ee-ah photographer and lecturer who lives in Viola odorata vy-O-la/vee-O-la o-door-A-ta Meantime my smaller plant was rooting Seaford, Virginia. She owns Harper W eigelia wee-GELL-ee-ah through the drainage hole of its quart con­ Horticultural Slide Library, a collection of Yucca filamentosa YUK-ah fil-i-men-TOE-sa tainer and needed a permanent home. This over 25,000 slides on garden subjects.

American Horticulturist 39 r,"is "GBeG ,REFERRED un REQUEST FORMis aROUGttT 1 1 TO YOU BY AHS FOR YOUR BENEFIT. 1 Send to: GEICO PREFERRED, GEICO Plaza, Washington, D.C. 20076 II student away at school, give distance Irom home 1 Name --miles 1 CAR 1 Addres,,-s ______~ _____Apt.# CAR2 CAR3 City ______Stat">c.. ______Zi,p.p----- Vear & Make (Buick, 1 Dodge, etc.) 1

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HERE'S HOW AHS MEMBERS CAN TAKE FULL ADVANTAGE OF GEICO PREFERRED LOW-COST AUTO AND HOME INSURANCE. As a society member, you are entitled to extra YOU CAN CUSTOMIZE YOUR OWN COVERAGE. consideration for advantages like these: The coverages GEICO offers vary by state, but LOW RATES FOR QUALIFIED DRIVERS. you have many options in putting together your car GEICO PREFERRED insures those members and home insurance packages, both in the amounts of preferred groups-like AHS whose driving rec­ and kinds of protection. You also get a wide choice ords are better than average. Better drivers cost of convenient payment plans. GEICO auto insur­ GEICO less. And these savings result in low rates. ance is not available in New Jersey and Massachu­ setts. Homeowners insurance is not available in GUARANTEED ONE· YEAR RATE ON YOUR AUTO New Jersey and Mississippi. POLICY AS WRlnEN. Many auto insurance companies now offer only YOU GET GEICO PREFERRED TREATMENT. 6-month auto policies. But as long as you don't All member inquiries receive prompt, prefer­ change the conditions of your policy, GEICO PRE­ ential service by a GEICO PREFERRED FERRED rates are guaranteed to remain the same Insurance Counselor. for a full year-so you don't risk having your rate increased after just 6 months. FOR A FREE RATE QUOTATION CALL TOLL FREE 1-800-368-2734 LOW· COST HOME INSURANCE TOO. In Maryland Call Collect (301) 986·3500 Just check the appropriate box at the bottom of Your AHS membership entitles you to special the coupon, and you will also receive free informa­ consideration for low-cost auto and home insur­ tion on low-cost insurance for homeowners, renters ance. Good drivers, find out how much you may and owners of condominiums, Your application will save. For a free rate quotation, call today. Or mail receive special consideration. this coupon. No obligation. No salesman will call. GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES INSURANCE COMPANY· A Shareholder~Owned Company Not AHiliated With The U.S. Government. Framed by towering conifers, this rather grand vista in the garden at Rosemary Verey has created a pleasant feeling of intimacy and a Naumkeag in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, takes full advantage of th e strong sense of purpose with this bench placed at the end of a vista dramatic terrain sloping to orchards and distant hills. lined with herbaceous borders, laburnum walk and fountain.

are an element of garden design all too fre­ tum Lancastriense' are in bloom; the first blooming from May through quently associated with the grandiose. Niention August, the latter into October. Late summer sees the red spires of ~~~TA~ vistas to a gardener and chances are vIsions of Lobelia cardinalis provide a striking contrast to the birch. In autumn Versailles or long walks lined with massive hemlocks will flash through these deciduous azaleas and rhododendrons turn bronze-crimson and his mind. A vista can certainly be a distant view seen through an allee yellow and Geranium dalmaticum an orange-crimson-a wonderful or frame of trees, but it can also be a shrub- or herbaceous-lined walk complement to the birch's golden leaves. The aummn and spring bulbs leading to an intimate enclosure; the use and type of vista depends as planted between European ginger, an evergreen groundcover, assures much on the site as on the gardener's imagination. nearly nine months of successive bloom. The creation of a vista is certainly made easy when a property has Optimum space is a goal in every landscape but particularly the small natural features or views that can be framed and brought into focus or, garden where a vista(s) may be the major feature(s) and major planted simply, lots of space. The drama of a vista is definitely not harmed by area. As with this woodland, in a small garden year-round interest additional length, and anyone thinking of designing a vista might think becomes as vital and as functional as the vista itself. In winter, for most of spending an afternoon in his garden with a tape measure. parts of the country, when bloom has passed and color has subdued, But distance is relative. One of the most pleasing vistas I've seen is evergreen trees and shrubs or the architectural branching of deciduous in a garden not much over 60 feet long. Framed with six-foot Korean trees can assume an added importance. rhododendrons, the vista's focus is a clump of young canoe birch (Betula Framing a view or object-in this example, a canoe birch-lends papyrifera) set against the billowing mass of a neighbor'S line of unevenly direction and logic to the landscape. Seen from the other side of the spaced hemlocks. Even though the path stops short of the birch and garden, somehow that tree at the end gives a definite reason to explore turns right to become a mowed path into a wildflower lawn, part of the path. In other examples, the deliberate focus of a vista can draw the the success of this vista is that the viewer's eye continues into the space viewer's eye (and feet) through a stand of fir trees to a distant meadow, between the hemlocks. This illusion of furthered space is a great device; across the lawn to a pond or down the length of a city garden to a in fact, the Japanese call it "borrowed scenery"-a glimpse beyond the fountain set against the wall. garden becomes, in effect, part of the garden. By selecting and focusing on features or aspects of the landscape, a There is an implied linear balance in a vista. Though this does not vista invites the viewer to " read" the landscape. Much as a poem is mean one should place plants in mirror image, balance of color and savored, then reread, the eye looks through a vista, then back and out mass helps the eye along. In this woodland vista I mentioned, the balance again, the elements of each vista coming together in their own unique is accomplished with staggered plantings of eight-foot pink royal azaleas rhythm. Like a good dramatic poem, each type of vista builds its own (Rhododendron schlippenbachii) to the rear and six-foot rosy-lavender level of expectation; the view beyond the garden-an exhilarating sense Korean rhododendron (R. mucronulatum) in front, while on either side of expansion, the closed vista-the comfort of a secure embrace. ~ Phlox divaricata unifies the plantings and leads the eye down the path -Margaret Hensel toward the birch, its catkins shaking in the April breezes. In early May, five-foot white pinxterbloom azaleas (R. periclyme­ noides), along with underplantings of delicate pink, six-inch Geranium Margaret Hensel is a landscape designer and garden writer living in dalmaticum and soft-pink, eight-inch Geranium sanguineum 'Prostra- Massachusetts.

American Horticulturist 41 IISS TBE BUGS GOOD-BYE! This year, say good-bye to tent caterpillars, Japanese beetles, sod worms, squash bugs, apple borers, etc _, etc. GARDENERS MARKEI'PIACE • Your shade trees and ornamental shrubs will stay full and healthy . • Your flower and vegetable gardens will produce far beyond anything you ever dream ed. CLASSIFIED AD RA TIS: THE AVANT GARDENER 50¢ per word; $10.00 minimum per insertion. 10% "DIFFERENT, EXCITING, GREAT FUN TO A miracle? No, a 4-in-1 discount for Ihree consecutive insertions using same READ-for the gardener who wants to get more WOW Portable copy. Copy must be received two months prior to Ol!lt of gardening!" Subscribe to THE AVANT Power publication date. Send o.ders to the attention of Cindy GARDENER, the most useh:ll, most quoted of Sprayer. Weakland, American Horticultu-ral Society, Mount all gardening publications. Every month this Vernon, Virginia 22121. Or call (Y03 ) 768-5700. unique news service brings you the newest and most practical on-going gardeniRg informa­ AFRICAN VJOLETS tion-new plants,' produGts, techniques, with S0urces for every item, plus feature articles, spe­ 1983 list $1.50 featuriRg 15 of my new hybrids cial issues. Now in its 14th year. Awarded the in color. List contains over 200 varieties in­ Garden Club of America Medal for outstanding cluding variegated foliage varieties and minia­ achievement in horticulture. Special to new sub­ tures. THE BLOOM ROOM, 3459 East Street, scribers, $10 for a fl!lll year. Sample copy $1. Birmingham, AL 35243. THE AVANT GARDENER, Box 489M, New 3 hybrid Violets, 1 species & 1 violet relative York, NY 10028. Bug Killer. With careful use of sprays, you for $13.50 ppd. Satisfaction guaranteed. FREE AZALEAS & RHODODENDRONS can eliminate most harmful bugs from your listing. WRENWOOD, Rte. 4, Box 361, Berke­ JUNE/JULY BLOOMING-Extend your ley Springs, WV 25411 . vegetable garden, fruit and shade trees, blooming season with 'Carlson's Postscript berries, lawn and flower beds ... often be­ LARGEST SELECTION-Save 20/40% on Plant Azaleas', Mailorder Catalog $2.00 (deductible). fore they're born! Stands, Light Fixtures, Growing Accessories, CARLSON'S GARDENS, Box 305AH6, South Fertilizer. Spray fertilize your lawn and Lamps (30 kinds) FREE CATALOG. Indoor Salen:!, NY 10590. gardens plus all foliar-feeding shrubs. Gardening Supplies, Box 40567 AH, Detroit, EXOTIC VIREYA-Malaysian Rhododendrons­ Weed Control. Eliminate pesky weeds, MI48240. Container, Greenhouse, House Plants. New poison ivy, burdocks, etc. without harming Hard to find supplies-Violet Rings-Fertilizers­ Catalog, other Rhododendrons, Azaleas, Com­ other plantings. Potting Mix-Free list with SASE. CAROL'S VI­ panion Plants, $2.00 refundable. THE BOVEES Power Sprayer. Power clean aluminum OLETS, 2943 No. 109th St., Toledo, OH 43611. NURSERY, 1737-C SW Coronado, Portland, OR 97219. siding, windows, vehicles, driveway, etc. AFRICAN VIOLETS-GESNERIADS-Free Stand-by fire protection when burning pamphlets, "Helpful Hints with African Vi­ BEGONIA-HOUSEPLANT ESCAPADE refuse, brush. Spray or disinfect pool areas. olets" and " Gesneriad Growing Suggestions" Bittersweet Hill Nurseries, Rt. 424 & Gover­ Water wherever a hose won't reach . Dozens available by sending stamped, addressed enve­ nor's Bridge Road, Davidsonville, Md. is host­ of other uses, too. lope to GESNERIAD-SAINTPAULIA NEWS, ing a Begonia Houseplant Escapade, February BIG 25-gal. capacity tank. Twist-grip spray Box 549, Dept. AH, Knoxville, TN 37901. 19-20. Over 200 different varieties featured in gun adjusts from mist to jetstream. A exhibits and demonstrations, special plant sale, African Violet Starter Plants, $18.00 per dozen Door Prizes. Public Invited! 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(Out-of-print, benefits of owning your own WoW Power outdoor landscape, small-space and rock gar­ hard-to-find, antiquarian. ) EDWARD F. sprayer! den, container garden and unheated green­ SMILEY, BOOKSELLER, RFD 5, 43 Liberty PS. If yau're naw paying far spraying, these house. We specialize in the rarest miniature al­ Hill Road, Bedford, NH 03102. units will pay far themselves in na time. pines. Our 20th year. Send $1.50 for our 1983 BOOKS 1---- Spring and Fall Catalogs to SISKIYOU RARE THE EXOTIC PLUMERIA (FRANGIPANI) by Mr. Jim Hasley, PLANT NURSERY, Dept. 34, 2825 Cummings Elizabeth H. Thornton covering cultivation, I WOW Grinder, Imc. Rd., MedfGfd, OR 97501. U.S . shipping only. propagation and care of plumerias. Send $4.50 I Dept. 21023S to Plumeria Specialties, 2121 San Felipe, #111, Alpines, rock plants and unusual perennials for I 2957 N. Market St. Houston, TX 77019. Wichita, Kansas 67204 the discrimiRating gardener. Send $1.00 (re­ Phone (316) 838-4229 fundable with order) to STONECROP NUR­ New EXOTICA 4, enlarged to 16,300 photos, SERIES, Rte 301, Cold Springs, NY 10516. by Dr. A.B. Graf; 2,590 pages in 2 volumes, Please rush details on your $175. TROPICA-7,000 color photos of exotic 4-in-1 Power Sprayers APPLE TREES plants and trees, $115. EXOTIC PLANT MAN­ APPLE TREES FOR THE SOUTH: Granny UAL-4,200 photos, $37.50. EXOTIC HOUSE Smithl, Ozark Gold, Crispin, Fuji and Yates. All PLANTS-1,200 photos, $8.95. Circulars gladly trees 3-5 ft. tall, Semi-dwarf, $7.50 each, plus sent. ROEHRS, Box 125, E. Rutherford, NJ shipping cost. Send no money, C.O.D. only. 07073. Minimum order two trees. FRUITWOOD Soiless gardening; proven, easy methods de­ Zip NURSERY, PO Box 303, Molena, GA 30258. tailed in new Hydroponics Booklet. FREE or­ Paul Vignos (404) 495-5488. Shipping January­ dering information. LANDSCAPUS, Box 1948- March. H, Spring Valley, CA 92077.

42 February 1983 DR Y SPRING FLOWERS FOR WINTER CLOTHING BOUQUETS! Two Step-by-Step Books: PRE­ SERVED FLOWERS 3rd Ed. $2.95 and DRIED LEE jeans. Factory outlet work cl othes , sh oes. BOUQUETS 2nd Ed. $8.95. SHOW AND TELL Bargains on new shirts (low as $4.95 ), LEE jack­ DIRECTIONS, hundreds of explicit photos. ets, boots, gl oves, coveralls. Send $1.00 for cat­ Williamsburg, Modern bouquets, bridal keep­ alog. SARA GLOVE CO., 16 Cherry Ave. , Dept. sakes, etc. Add $1.00 postage one or both books. C-131 , Waterbury, CT 06704. FREE NEWSLETTER (send stamp). ROBERTA MOHITI, Box 3597, Wilmington, DE 19807. COMPOST BAGS 'POST HASTE composting bags let yo u hav e BRITISH TEAK GARDEN SEATS useable co mpost in two weeks. M ade from Solid Teakwood Garden Seats-featured in the DuPont's "Tyvek," 'POST HASTE bags hold aboretums & gardens of England. The perfect in heat but let air circulate and excess moisture NEW SPRING CATALOG heirloom gift for church, park or private ga rden. escape. Send $1 for postage with order: 1 bag, Send $1.00 (deductible) for color ca talogue and $1.95; 5 bags , $8 .95 ; 10 for $16.95, to FOR­ OF SELECT current price list. COUNTRY CASUAL, 17317 ENCO, PO Box 9088, Wilmington, DE 19809. GARDEN TOOLS Germantown Road, Germantown, MD 20874. Quality tools. equipment. (301 ) 428-3434. CROWNVETCH SEED accessories. and books for One lb . $8 .00 postpaid with pl anting directions. BROMELIADS In oculum included. PA residents add 6% tax. the serious gardener. DECORATIVE SPECIES & HYBRID BRO­ ERNST C ROWN VETCH FARMS , RD 5 , SEND FOR FREE MELIADS at reasonable prices. Unique 22 page Meadvill e, PA 16335. CATALOG TODAY DESCRIPTIVE LIST with prices $1.50. Also 80 page booklet BROMELIADS FOR MOD­ DAHLIAS ERN LIVING with 135 Bromeliad color pho­ Dahlias, choice va rieties, new and old , all types, WILKINSON tos-sold only with LIST $5.00 for both. THE choose from hundreds, send 40¢ postage for BROMELIAD TREASURY, 639 Bend Drive, catalog. CONN ELL'S DAHLIAS, 10216 40th EDGING Sunnyvale, CA 94087. Ave. E., Tacoma, WA 98446. KNIFE

CACTI AND SUCCULENTS DAYLILIES By Wilkinson Sword is NEW .. . Illustrated Cacti & Su ccul ent Catalog Daylil y hobbyist- collector offerin g limited sup­ one of the basic for 1983 .. . Cacti-Pachypodiums-Lithops-Ha­ pl y of modern cultivars as well as many of the gardening tools. Made worthias-Echeverias and other exotic and un­ better older ones. FREE descriptive list. Stamp in England of mirror usual succulent plants ... $1.00 (Refundable). appreciated. Mrs. L. S. Branh am, 607 Wood­ K&L CACTUS NURSERY, 12712 Stockto n haven Dr., Ri chmond, VA 23224. finished. precision Blvd., Galt, CA 95632. ground stainless steel EXOTIC PLANTS blade with comfort­ CACTUS/SUCCULENT PLANT and seed cat­ Send 20¢ Stamp for NEW WHOLESALE-RE­ able step area. 7% alog, $1.00. MESA FLORA, Star Route 1, Box TAIL List of EXOTIC, TROPICAL and HARDY 1047, Yucca Valley, CA 92284. inches side. D handle Planes at REDUCED PRICES. NEW RETAIL allows this fine tool to CATALOG WITH COLOR, READY MARCH RAINBOW GARDENS proudly announces their be comfortably used brand new 1983 Plant Catalog! New cotor pic­ 1983-COST $2 .50-LISTING OVER 2,000 tures, new Epiphyllums (Orchid Cactus), Xmas/ HARD-TO-FIND TROPICAL AND HARDY by people of any height. Easter Cactus, Hoyas, English Rattails, Rhip­ PLANTS. ARANT'S EXOTIC GREEN­ salis, plus new books on Cacti, Succulents. Our HOUSES, Dept. AHS, 1873 South Shades Crest :~;~g $42.00 ppd. new multiple discount coupons and new winter Road, BESSEMER, AL 35023 bonus offer makes our 37-page Plant/Bookshop Catalogues the most attractive offer EVER! and FRAGRANCE Mass. residents ! still only $1.00. RAINBOW GARDENS, Box Seeds for fragrant, rare and old-fashioned plants, add 5% sales tax ~ 721-AH, La Habra, CA 90631. trees, vines etc. THE FRAGRANT-PATH Box 328A, Ft. Calhoun, NE 68023. Catalogue $1 .00 CAMELLIAS deductible. r------JOIN AMERICAN CAMELLIA SOCIETY. Four magazines and one book each year for ONLY GALA HERB WEEKEND $12.50; POB 1217, Fort Valley, GA 31030. Bitterswtlet Hill Nurseries, Rt. 424 & Gover­ ~ Latest information on culture, research, etc. nor's Bridge Road, Davidsonville, Md. is pre­ Dept. AH23. 1121 Washington St. COLOUR DICTIONARY OF CAMELLIAS senting a GALA HERB WEEKEND, March 19- West Newton. MA 02165 $35.00-for mtlmbers $30.00. 20. Free Herb Garden Designs, Exhibits, Dem­ (617) 244-7900 onstrations, Door Prizes, Display Herb Garden __ Edging knife(s) $42.00 ppd. CARNIVOROUS PLANTS Tours and a special sale on favorite Herb Plants. Total enclosed ______Public Invited! (301) 798-0231. Camivorous, woodland terrarium plants and Payment by: supplies. Book, The World of Carnivorous Plants, D MasterCharge DVisa $6.95 postpaid. Illustrated catalog 25 ¢, PETER GARDENING # ______Expires ____ PAULS NURSERIES, Canandaigua, NY 14424. START YOUR GARDEN EARLY with a SUN D PLEASE SEND FREE CATALOG TUNNEL ® doche. 14 feet long, 2 to 4 feet wide CHRYSANTHEMUMS (adjustable), protects from frost, holds warmth, Name Garden Mums. Write today for exciting FREE wind resistant. $19.95 postpaid includes free list of new and oled varieties of Garden mums. book Gardening With Cloches. KB MASTER­ Address DOOLEY GARDENS, Dept. A, Hmchinson, WORKS, Dtlpt. AH, 677 Maverick Rd., Wood­ City ______MN 55350. swck, NY 12498. ------State ______Zip ____ American Horticulturist 43 GARDENER'S MARKETPLACE CONTD

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Saves up advertising in our classi­ to 80% of water and energy used on gardens, GINSENG fied section. lawns, orchards and residential & commercial GROW GINSENG! Very profitable. Have Seeds, landscaping. One control will irrigate up to 300 roots. Goldenseal, comfrey. For growing, mar­ square feet of garden or as many as four trees. keting information write F. B. Collins, B189, Classified Ad Rates: No maintenance, vandalism or electricity. Sim­ Viola, IA 52350. 50¢ per word; $10.00 ple to install. Tested and proven successful by U.S. Department of Agriculture. Price $30.00 GREENHOUSE GROWING minimum per insertion each. California add 6% sales tax. No C.O.D. Hard-to-find hobby, greenhouse equipment and Guaranteed. WATERGUARDE, PO Box 1222, supplies. Unique Catalog. $2.00, refundable. Copy must be received two La Mesa, CA 92041, Dept. A. CHARLEY'S GREENHOUSE, 12815-AH Northeast 124th Street, Kirkland, WA 98033. months prior to publica­ NEW PERENNIAL POPPIES HARPER HORITCULTURAL SLIDE tion date. Send orders to Far superior to existing Oriental Poppy vari­ LIBARY (PAMELA HARPER). the attention of Cindy eties. Free catalog. MOHNS, INC., Box 2301, We supply many of the pictures in this and other Weakland, American Horti­ Atascadero, CA 93423. garden magazines. You may rent these and 40,000 others, or buy dU!'llicates. Lecture pro­ cultural Society. Box 0105, NURSERY STOCK grams on many topics. Catalog $1. 219 Ro­ Mt Vernon. VA 22121. MILLIONS OF SEEDLINGS: High quality at banna Shores, Seaford, VA 23696. reasonable prices. Over 100 selections for Or call (703) 768-5700. Christmas trees, ornamentals, windbreaks, con­ HERB GROWERS .. WRITERS .. servation, wildlife food and cover, etc. Free cat­ LECTURERS Payment for all classified alog, CARINO NURSERIES, Box 538J, Indi­ At your request, 76 slides of herbs and herb advertisements must be ana, PA 15701. gardens, with lecture notes. Rental $25, pur­ chase $75, plus $2.50 postage. HARPER HOR­ made in advance. All copy PERENNIALS TICULTURAL SLIDE LIBARY, 219 Robanna subject to the approval of Shores, Seaford, VA 23696. Klehm Estate Perennials: Peonies, Daylilies, Iris, the Society. Hostas. Our mail-order catalog lists over 600 HOSTAS select cultivars from leading hybridizers. Send $1.00 (refundable) to: KLEHM NURSERIES, Hosta guide/catalog features: ... color pictures RAREST PLANTS EXCLUSIVELY; otherwise Mail-Order Division, 2 East Algonquin Road, of choice hostas ... description and back­ commercially unavailable, 180 Succulents, 60 Arlington Heights, IL 60005. ground ... advice on landscaping/culture. Send Cycads, 40 Bamboo, 150 Sansevierias, 200 $1.00 (refundable) to: KLEHM NURSERIES, Hoyas, 250 variegates, Dracaena, Philoden­ Mail-Order Division, 2 East Algonquin Road, drons, 50 Palms, Ferns, 250 shrubs, 200 trees. PHALAENOPSIS (MOTH) ORCHIDS Arlington Heights, IL 60005. Catalog & newsletter $4. ENDANGERED SPE­ Blooming size, mixed colors, values to $20.00. CIES, 12571(A) Redhill, Tustin, CA 92680. Minimum order 3 plants, $9.00 each, postpaid. HORTICULTURAL GIFTS Order list $1.00, credited on first order. GREEN "HORTICULTURAL TREASURES"-A stun­ HOUSE PLANTS AND PERENNIALS VALLEY ORCHIDS, Rte 1, Box 233S, Folsom, ning catalog collection of juried gifts for men House Plants and Perennials, at discount prices, LA 70437 (504) 796-5785. and women who garden. Specialty hand tools, catalog 50¢, deductible from first order. solid teak British garden seats, Colonial style GREENLAND FLOWER SHOP, RD, Port Ma­ PLANTS-RARE BUT AFFORDABLE oak hayforks, traditional egg baskets, pot pourri tilda, PA 16870. cottages, antique doll sawdust ornaments, gold Extensive selection: ,. American Natives " Out­ floral jewlery-pins, tie tacks, cuff links, floral HOY A SPECIAL standing Ornamentals ,. Uncommon Conifers screen prints, elegant pot pourri lace sachets, WHAT'S A HOYA? Send $1.00 for descriptive " Wild Fruit " Hardiest Eucalyptus " Wildlife lace impressed stoneware wall basket filled with list. Limited Hoya introductory offer. 6 differ­ Plants "'. Affordable containerizecd starter-plants. a Williamsburg style floral bouquet, and more. ent Hoya plants for $19.95 PPD, guaranteed. Informative catalog-$1.00. FORESTFARM, Free catalog-Country Casual " Horticultural SAN LUIS GARDENS, 4816 Bridgecreek, San 990 Tetherah, Williams, OR 97544. Treasures," 17317 Germantown Rd., German­ Luis Obispo, CA 93401. town, MD 20874. (30 1) 428-3434. RARE NATIVE PLANTS INDOOR GARDENING/GREENHOUSE Rhododendron chapmannii, R. austrinum, R. HOUSE PLANTS SUPPLIES speciosum, R. serralatum, R. prunifolia, Mag­ ORCHIDS, GESNERIADS, BEGONIAS, CACTI GRO-TEK, Indoor Gardening, Home Green­ nolia ashei (Weatherby), Magnolia pyramidata, & SUCCULENTS. Visitors welcome. 1982-83 house Supplies. Fans, Watering Accessories, Pots, Stewartia malacrodondron. Grown from native Catalog $1.25. LAURAY OF SALISBURY, Rt. Books, Thermometers, Insulating Fabrics and seed or cuttings. Write for prices and shipping 41 (Undermountain Rd. ), Salisbury, CT 06068 our biggest seller: Woven Poly! RFD#l, Box dates. SALTER TREE FARM, Rt. 2, Box 1332, (203) 435-2263. 518AA, South Berwick, ME 03908. Catalog 50¢. Madison, FL 32340.

44 February 1983 RHODODENDRONS & AZALEAS Growers of Dwarf and Standard, hybrid and specie rhododendrons and azaleas. Catalog, $1.50. SONOMA HORTICULTURAL NURS­ ERY, 3970 Azalea Avenue, Sebastopol, CA 95472. SPECIALIZING IN THE UNUSUAL. Dwarf Rhododendrons, Eve rgreen & Deciduous Aza­ leas, Dwarf Conifers, Companion Plants. Cat­ alog $1.00, refundable. THE CUMMINS GAR­ DEN, 22 Robertsville Rd., Marlboro, NJ 07746. For yourself or a friend Membership (201 ) 536-2591. Nearly 1,000 varieties-species and hybrids. in the Society, which costs only $20 Catalog $1.00-refundable. HALL RHODO­ a year, will provide DENDRONS, 1280 Quince Drive,Junction City, OR 97448. you or your SEDUM-SEMPERVIVUM gift recipient NEW SEDUM-SEMPERVIVUM 1983 Cata­ log: 25¢; Over 100 varieties Sedum; over 350 with these varieties sempervivum. Sampler collections: benefits: Sedum 8/$5.95; Sempervivum 8/$5.95. Order both for $10.00 ppd. STANN LYMAN, AL­ PINE GARDENS, Box 247AH, Dallas, OR 97338. • Twelve issues of Ameri­ can Horticulturist: SEEDS six issues in beautiful, FREE CATALOG: Unusual Seed Varieties; plus four-color format and wide selection of tomatoes, from around the six issues in newsletter world. GROW: 3-foot long Carrots, chocolate format. colored sweet-peppers, Tomatoes green when • Ready answers to your personal ripe and much more. GLECKLER'S SEED­ gardening questions from our MEN, Metamora, OH 43540. staff of ex perts . IMPORTED SEEDS from the World's largest • Marvel o u~ horti cultural tra ve l opportunities offered at low group and most famous seed catalog. 200 pages, 4,000 rates . varieties, 1,000 color pictures. A major book • Di scounts on books. and free exotic seed, once a year. of reference. The Encyclopedia of how and what • An open in vitati on to Ri ver Farm . the Society", hi stori c to grow from seed. The Bible of seed catalogs headquarters. Wh y not send in yo ur order today" to gardeners in over 100 countries. Vegetables, pot plants, exotics, perennials, alpines, rockery, The American Horticultural Society latest and best annuals, trees, shrubs and bulbs Box 0105, Mount Vernon, Virginia 22121 from seed with rare items unobtainable else­ where. Current customers automatically mailed. Write for your free copy: THOMPSON & MORGAN, INC., Dept. AHF3 PO Box 531, ~ Limited First Edition Pittston, PA 18640. * UNUSUAL INDOOR PLANTS Unusual Indoor Plants. 1,800 Varieties-Be­ A Guide to Significant and gonias, Ferns, Geraniums, Herbs, Exotics. NEW 1982-84 catalog with more color $2.50. Historic Gardens of America LOGEE'S GREENHOUSES, AH, 55 North Street, Danielson, CT 06239. Now offered at a special pre-publication price of only $7.98 UNUSUAL PLANTS (After March 1st , 1983, $8.98) African violets, double semperfloren Begonias, Impatiens, also succulents, Geraniums. Sold by cuttings or plants! SASE for list. KRISTY'S CREATIONS, 3111 Windsor, Dept. AH(2) . Waco, TX 76708. UNUSUAL PLANTS, rare succulents, Caudi­ ciforms, Sansevierias and other exotics. Illus­ trated catalog and periodic newsletters-$1.50. SINGERS' GROWING THINGS, 17806 Plum­ mer Street, AH, Northbridge, CA 91325. WILDFLOWERS PAINTED MEADOWS WILDFLOWER MIX­ To order your copy of this valuable book, or to order gift copies, write to: TURE for eastern United States, now available The Garden C lub of Georgia, Inc., State Headquarters to private homeowners. One pound wi ll color 325 S. Lumpkin Street On mail orders. include $1.50 postage and handling 2,500 sq. ft. at one penny/sq. ft. Send for free Athens, GA 30602 (GA residents add .32 tax) brochure. PAINTED MEADOWS SEED COM­ PANY, Box 1494, Dept. AH, Charlottesville, Gift announcements will he sent on hand-illustrated notepaper with your message. VA 22902.

American Horticulturist 45 MakeYour WmdowsWork for You

ut your plants in Nutriponics®planters and ferent kinds of plants growing in our research your windows will work for you You can laboratories. Write us for more information or use P grow African Violets, Geraniums, even the coupon below. Tomatoes or Lettuce and all kinds of plants in our planters. The lower half of the Nutriponics® planter shown WINDOWSILL GARDENS above is transparent so you can see the water level Dept AHF 3 Grafton, NH 03240 The roots grow down into the liquid and pull up water and nutritmts as needed. You need add water o Send Information only every two to four weeks for slow-growing Send $9.95 kit 0 Send $19.80 kit plants like African Violets. o Nutriponics® is a suitable hobby for both adults Includes planter shown above. and children All you need is a window, with or Na m p~ ______without sun Nutriponic® kits make excellent Christ­ StreetL______mas gifts. You will be thrilled at how easy it is to grow your City______'_ ' Statt:...e ______Zip'---_____ favorite plants using this new technique. We do not Include $2,00 for shipping grow plants for sale, but we have hundreds of dif------_.-