News from NARRP This Content Is Generated by Members for Members

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

News from NARRP This Content Is Generated by Members for Members News from NARRP This content is generated by members for members. Please send us your news, reports, job announcements, manuals and personal updates that may be of interest to other members. The National Association of Recreation Resource Planners Request from a member Our City is preparing to revamp the way in which we justify our existence. The new format is called Budgeting for Outcomes. Are you aware of any resources that speak to the necessities and justifications of park/natural resource planners as opposed to having local govt's simply move all planner functions into typical urban and neighborhood planning divisions Donnie Underwood Parks & Greenways Planner 215 Church Ave Roanoke, VA 24011 540.853.1166 Fax 540.853.1287 A Recreation Balancing Act by Cynthia Wilkerson Each year over 440 million visitors recreate in national forests and national parks (1), and untold more on BLM lands. They hike, bike, swim, fish and canoe across the hundreds of millions of acres we are lucky to call every American’s birthright. In fact, recreation is the main reason a lot of us get out on our public lands. People also get inspired to care for wild places when they directly experience them, and recreation is an important way that critical connection is established. That is why The Wilderness Society wants to engage everyone who visits and cherishes our public lands. We envision deep, broad, and varied constituencies – traditional and new together – working to promote widespread and sustainable enjoyment of natural places. Only by doing so can we ensure broad public support for protecting America’s public lands for all time to come – and at the same time ensure that future generations of Americans will also be able to enjoy these experiences that we hold so dear. PRINCIPLES FOR ENSURING SUSTAINABLE RECREATION When The Wilderness Society launched its Recreation Program, it was apparent that we needed to define a set of principles to guide our work because recreation activities, while providing enjoyment and lasting memories of a successful adventure, also bring impacts on the land. In developing our principles we sought to encourage Americans to visit and play on public lands, while protecting those lands from being loved to death by encouraging responsible and sustainable recreation management. The principles not only apply to remote wilderness areas set aside by Congress for more primitive recreation, but also to our most popular parks visited by people from around the world in cars and campers. After numerous discussions, both internal and external, we developed our principles of sustainable recreation: 1. Connect to Nature Through Public Lands Embrace outdoor recreation and encourage a connection to nature in a variety of ways for people with different interests and skill levels. 2. Conserve and Respect our Natural, Historic and Cultural Heritage Respect the land and America’s rich natural, historic and cultural heritage by preserving the integrity, health and resilience of these unique ecosystems, and cultural and historic assets. Encourage use of and access to public lands that inspires respect for and pride in their beauty, health, diversity and special value to the nation and to the world. 3. Promote Enjoyable and Safe Recreation Ensure enjoyable, safe and sustainable recreation through sound land use planning. The art of making these principles work is to balance meeting recreation needs with ensuring that public lands are sustainably managed to protect the quality of experiences for generations to come. BRINGING SUSTAINABLE RECREATION TO LIFE One area where The Wilderness Society is bringing its principles of sustainable recreation to life is in the rural community of Roslyn, Washington. Nestled in the foothills of the North Cascades, this charming town is rich in both history and beauty. Once known for its logging and coal mining businesses, Roslyn is now known as a gateway to a variety of outdoor recreation opportunities. The town boasts access to the spectacular Alpine Lakes Wilderness, one of the most-visited wilderness areas in the United States. The town of Roslyn also owns 300 acres of land within its boundaries that must be managed to enhance recreation opportunities while protecting forests, wildlife, fisheries, and historical and cultural assets. The Wilderness Society is working with the city’s Citizens’ Advisory Committee to develop a recreation and trails plan for the Roslyn Urban Forest that will balance conservation with recreation opportunities for hikers, bikers and horseback riders. The existing trails are a haphazard collection of old road remnants connected by user-created routes, so one desired outcome is to create a more functional trail network that will better serve everyone’s needs. To date The Wilderness Society and the Citizen’s Advisory Committee have established a goal statement for the recreation and trails plan, contacted a series of local, regional, and national conservation and recreation stakeholders and user groups, sent a survey to the citizen’s of Roslyn through their monthly water bill and submitted a grant to the National Park Service’s Rivers Trails and Conservation Assistance Program for support on the project. We are planning workshops in the fall and winter to develop a regional assessment of recreation opportunities and to map out the layout of the desired trail network and supporting infrastructure. Through this work, we’ve learned that it’s difficult to find the expertise needed to define the resource capacity, which is the basis for determining where and how many trails to place on the landscape. We are fortunate to have found some local expertise in a State Park employee, but are grateful that NARPP is working to enhance the professional resources available for this kind of work. We welcome feedback, input, and resource references from NARPP members. Ultimately we see the work in Roslyn as creating a model for the application of our principles of sustainable recreation that can inspire and inform similar efforts in gateway communities throughout the North Cascades and the rest of the country. We are excited to be working with a local gateway community to explore new ground balancing conservation and recreation. We look forward to reporting back on our progress to secure the conservation values and recreation opportunities for future generations in this beautiful part of Washington State and to share the lessons learned so they can be applied elsewhere. For more information or to provide input or expertise on this project, please contact Cynthia Wilkerson, Washington Program Manager of The Wilderness Society, 206-624-6430 ext 226 or [email protected]. (1) Data compiled from the National Forest Service’s 2009 NVUM report and 2009 recreation visitor statistics for the National Park System. National forests and grasslands accounted for over 170 million recreation visits; National parks accounted for over 276 million recreation visits. Call for Sessions – Park Pride Conference Park Pride, a nonprofit organization whose mission is to lead and inspire action for parks and greenspace, is accepting proposals from high-quality presenters for innovative and dynamic educational sessions to be presented at the Park Pride 10th Annual Parks and Greenspace Conference at the Atlanta Botanical Gardens on March 28, 2011 in Atlanta, Georgia. We seek high-quality speakers with case study examples of park and greenspace solutions that specifically address our mission and the conference theme, Parks: Bridging the Future. As Park Pride enters into its 22nd year, the conference seeks to expand the knowledge and awareness of the importance of greenspace and park land in the future of our communities. Presentations should focus on concepts, visions and case examples of how a community, city or region will use and/ or depend upon this amenity in the future. All submissions must be sent electronically as an Adobe PDF or MS Word document to Walt Ray, Director of Park Visioning [email protected] by 5:00pm Eastern Standard Time on October 8, 2010. For more information, please visit www.parkpride.org. Back to School: Back Outside. During NBC’s “Education Nation” event this week there will be robust discussion of positive ways to achieve academic excellence in schools starting with a Today Show interview with the President. An overlooked, but vitally important, aspect of this discussion will be the growing effects that today’s “indoor childhood” has on stifling American educational achievement. In a new report: Back to School: Back Outside we have assembled and summarized the research on how added outdoor time and outdoor education consistently boosts a child’s academic performance, learning aptitude and scores on standardized tests. Many of you are familiar with parts of this research but there are many new findings in the mix. The positive effects are really stunning even in the face of some of the worst schools and educational circumstances. Check it out: http://www.nwf.org/Get- Outside/~/media/PDFs/Be%20Out%20There/Back%20to%20School%20full%20report.ashx Kevin J. Coyle, JD. Vice President, Education and Training National Wildlife Federation 703-989-6020 [email protected] www.nwf.org OIA Homegrown Listening Sessions and Outdoor Nation Report asks Obama Administration to Boost Environmental Education Courtesy of Outdoor Industry Association If you want to foster future conservationists, tighter families and fitter kids, focus on the schools. That is one of the main recommendations in one of two reports sent to President Obama at the end of August by the outdoor industry. The Outdoor Foundation (established by OIA) compiled the 27-page “Outdoor Nation: A Special Report America’s Great Outdoors” using input gathered from 500 delegates who attended the Outdoor Nation Youth Summit in New York City last June and its own online surveying tools. OIA also submitted the 9-page “America’s Great Outdoors Homegrown Listening Sessions” with recreation policy recommendations based on eight “homegrown” listening sessions held across the country this summer.
Recommended publications
  • Environmental Planning in Urban Areas Through GIS Spatial and Temporal Planning Meshram Sagarkumar [1], Ramteke P
    International Journal of Computer Science Trends and Technology (IJCST) – Volume 3 Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2015 RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Environmental Planning In Urban Areas through GIS Spatial and Temporal Planning Meshram Sagarkumar [1], Ramteke P. Deepa [2], Shingne Nilesh [3] M.Tech, [1], [2] & [3] Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Aurangabad – India ABSTRACT The use of GIS in environmental planning is increasingly being sought to address problems of spatial and temporal modeling. It has been proved for such task more useful highly and appreciated. Apart from that GIS aids in providing information regarding the nature of contamination and environmental suitability of a land and its level. It can also be used to ascertain the probability of an area for treatment and waste disposal. Factors such as physical, biological, topographical and chemical properties of the area should be examined and taken into attention. Well-known issues like that of wetlands can be easily addressed with the help of GIS and remote sensing technologies. GIS has been used to monitor changed geographical features for change of environment. Technologists exploit the monitoring properties of GIS to trace changes of pattern or manners of a land over a specified time. It helps professionals make cognizant decisions about the improvement condition of an area and work out a plan. The first generation had to rely on the thinking and opinion of sociologists, working towards urban planning designers and economists to achieve their objectives .With the advent of GIS, the scenario changed with professionals reaping the utmost benefits of urban design and planning.
    [Show full text]
  • Residential High-Rise Clusters As a Contemporary Planning Challenge in Manama by Florian Wiedmann Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences Dr
    Revista Gremium® | Volumen 2 | Número 04 | Agosto - Diciembre 2015 | ISSN 2007-8773 | México, D. F. Residential High-Rise Clusters as a Contemporary Planning Challenge in Manama by Florian Wiedmann Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences Dr. Florian Wiedmann is a Senior Urban Planner and part-time Lecturer at Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences. He holds a PhD in urban planning and his recent research efforts are focused on the urbanization in the Gulf region. In addition to his academic occupation he is co-founder and principal of ARRUS, an urban planning consultancy located in Frankfurt and Chicago. Email: [email protected] Received: 29 April 29 2015 Accepted: 05 July 2015 Abstract Available online: 01 August 2015 This paper analyzes the different roots of current residential high-rise clusters emerging in new city districts along the coast of Bahrain’s capital city Manama, and the resulting urban planning and design challenges. Since the local real-estate markets were liberalized in Bahrain in 2003, the population grew rapidly to more than one million inhabitants. Consequently, the housing demand increased rapidly due to extensive immigration. Many residential developments were however constructed for the upper spectrum of the real-estate market, due to speculative tendencies causing a raise in land value. The emerging high-rise clusters are developed along the various waterfronts of Manama on newly reclaimed land. This paper explores the spatial consequences of the recent boom in construction boom and the various challenges for architects and urban planners to enhance urban qualities. Keywords: high-rise, cluster development, housing, urban planning, Bahrain, Manama Introduction gaining national independence during 1970, the urban transformation process was dominated Since the end of the 20th century, a new vision by the welfare state mechanisms and a car- in urban development has been introduced based model of town planning (imported by in the case of the cities in the gulf, in order to Western architects and planners).
    [Show full text]
  • How Urban Planning Works by WILLIAM HARRIS SCIENCE | GREEN SCIENCE
    How Urban Planning Works BY WILLIAM HARRIS SCIENCE | GREEN SCIENCE Source: http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-science/urban-planning.htm , Accessed August, 2016 The Roman Forum as seen from the Arch of Titus. See morepictures of famous landmarks. DAVE HUSS/ISTOCKPHOTO At the height of its power, Rome reached a population of nearly one million people -- the largest city of an empire that stretched from Scotland in the west to the Persian Gulf in the east. A city of that size required enormous planning, and Roman engineers obliged by taking into consideration a number of features that ensured the safety, productivity and well-being of its citizens. They provided systems to dispose of sewage. They built aqueducts to bring water to the city. They built roads to facilitate transportation and communication. They designed and arranged financing for baths, sports arenas and theaters. And they placed, at the heart of the city, a forum where Romans of every class and distinction could gather to socialize, worship and conduct business. 1 Although ancient Rome finally collapsed, the principles of municipal planning that made the city so splendid and powerful lived on. As other cities grew, they also had to address the myriad problems that arose whenever a large number of people crowded into a relatively small amount of space. Over time, the development process cities undertook -- a process that led to solutions for habitation, communication, education, transportation and more -- became known as urban planning. And the people who guided the work became known as urban planners. Today, urban planning is one of the most important occupations when you consider how much of the world's population lives in cities and their surrounding areas.
    [Show full text]
  • GIS Applications in Outdoor Recreation Planning Sergio Capozzi SORP President
    GIS Applications In Outdoor Recreation Planning Sergio Capozzi SORP President Brenda Adams-Weyant SORP Association Manager www.RecPro.org Providing National Leadership and Services for Advancing the Outdoor Recreation Profession Our Speakers Charlynne T. Smith, GISP North Carolina State University Research Associate Ph.D. Candidate Chelsey Walden-Schreiner, M.S. North Carolina State University Research Associate Darin Dinsmore, MLA, RPP, MCIP, OALA, APA, ASLA Crowdbrite CEO, Urban Planner & Landscape Architect Webinar Outline • Part 1: • Overview of GIS in Recreation Planning • New Developments in Participatory GIS and Volunteered Geographic Information • Application Examples • Participant Poll – ask the audience • Part 2: • Assessing Needs and Tools • Specialized Application Examples • Q&A • Part 3: • Crowdbrite Examples • Q&A • Part 4: • Discussion and Wrap-Up • Final Questions Recreation Resource Planning Recreation resource planning is the application of analytical tools to a systematic and deliberate process of decision making about the future management of recreation resources and recreation opportunities. Recreation planning is a rational systematic decision-making process, and as such it is a fundamental tool that deters our human tendencies to make decisions based on predisposition, bias, inadequate analysis, group-think, insular perspective, resistance to change, and excessive self- confidence. It results in decisions that are more effective, efficient, fair, reasoned, and defensible. Principles • Recreation Resource Publics: Recreation resource planning must try to engage and hear from all the diverse publics who value the recreation resource. The easily recognizable publics are often labeled visitors, local business, land owners and communities, but there may also be equally important publics who vicariously value the resource, ... • Collaboration: The meaningful engagement and exchange with the public is essential throughout the planning process.
    [Show full text]
  • Beyond Megalopolis: Exploring America╎s New •Œmegapolitan╊ Geography
    Brookings Mountain West Publications Publications (BMW) 2005 Beyond Megalopolis: Exploring America’s New “Megapolitan” Geography Robert E. Lang Brookings Mountain West, [email protected] Dawn Dhavale Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/brookings_pubs Part of the Urban Studies Commons Repository Citation Lang, R. E., Dhavale, D. (2005). Beyond Megalopolis: Exploring America’s New “Megapolitan” Geography. 1-33. Available at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/brookings_pubs/38 This Report is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Report in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Report has been accepted for inclusion in Brookings Mountain West Publications by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. METROPOLITAN INSTITUTE CENSUS REPORT SERIES Census Report 05:01 (May 2005) Beyond Megalopolis: Exploring America’s New “Megapolitan” Geography Robert E. Lang Metropolitan Institute at Virginia Tech Dawn Dhavale Metropolitan Institute at Virginia Tech “... the ten Main Findings and Observations Megapolitans • The Metropolitan Institute at Virginia Tech identifi es ten US “Megapolitan have a Areas”— clustered networks of metropolitan areas that exceed 10 million population total residents (or will pass that mark by 2040). equal to • Six Megapolitan Areas lie in the eastern half of the United States, while four more are found in the West.
    [Show full text]
  • Clarifying Property Rights and Strengthening Urban Planning
    Chapter 5 Clarifying property rights and strengthening urban planning Over the next 20 years, the growth of Africa’s urban populations will propel new demand for infrastructure, housing and other physical structures, and amenities. To meet this new demand, city leaders and planners will need adaptable strategies. Plans and regulations should allow the best use of land — but they must also permit uses, and users, to change over time, as demand evolves further. Three key considerations are as follows: • How to handle land and property rights • How to manage land valuation and prices • How to strengthen land use and urban planning 117 211044_TextAppFile.indd 117 17/03/17 4:49 PM Africa’s Cities | Opening Doors to the World Africa’s cities are not developing in a well-planned impractical (Felkner, Lall, and Lee 2016). Increased fashion. Instead, they grow informally and develop investments in roads could increase productivity, even informally. Public planning is ineffective; private while affecting commuting costs and times differently development is hobbled or repelled by opaque across the city — but only if such investments are well or inappropriate regulations. Informal dwellings thought through in advance. Similarly, African cities house not only poor but also middle-income have an urgent need for well-planned and forward- households, essentially because of constraints on thinking transportation systems. All transportation formal land markets. These land market constraints development plans are not equal.17 also do much to explain the typical African city’s The lack of physical and technological structures — spatial fragmentation and the relatively low capital housing, services, and transportation — in Africa’s investment near its core.
    [Show full text]
  • Meeting Notes Infill Task Force Tuesday, August 28, 2007 City Hall Room 2000 7:00 P.M
    Meeting Notes Infill Task Force Tuesday, August 28, 2007 City Hall Room 2000 7:00 p.m. Members Present Stew Dunn (Chair) Lisa May Maria Wasowski Ken Billingsley Mary Konsoulis Gaver Nichols Dave Brown Stephen Koenig City Staff Present Faroll Hamer Rich Josephson Steve Milone Valerie Peterson Hal Phipps (Consultant) Al Himes (Alexandria Transit) Introduction Stew Dunn, Planning Commission member and Chair of the Infill Task Force, began the meeting and introduced Faroll Hamer, Director of Planning and Zoning, Ms. Hamer discussed how infill is a difficult topic as it is a local, “neighbor to neighbor” issue. She cautioned that the process will take a lot of care and caution, and that the task force needs to have a lot of information on terms and numbers on the extent of the issue, such as the number of cases and their rate of development. Many think home sizes will actually begin decreasing. She cautioned to think through requiring any new category of SUPs, and to think of how many there would be, and the time needed to process each one, as additional staff would be required. The SUP is a political process and not a planning process, and prescriptive or performance standards may be more appropriate. As the issue is very local, neighborhood conservation districts that establish appropriate heights and setbacks based on the individual neighborhood characteristics should be considered. Review and discussion of Task Force mission Stew Dunn reviewed the mission of the task force, as identified in the April 10, 2007 Resolution, which is: • Study the impact of large new housing construction and major residential additions, in existing single-family neighborhoods; • Analyze existing City regulations that pertain to limiting infill impacts and make recommendations to the Planning Commission and City Council for any regulatory changes; and • Keep the public informed about the study, briefing the community at large on the progress of the infill study, and briefing the Planning Commission and City Council on their analysis and recommendations.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphological Indices As Urban Planning Tools in Northeastern Brazil
    sustainability Article Morphological Indices as Urban Planning Tools in Northeastern Brazil Ivanize Silva 1,*, Rafael Santos 2,3 , António Lopes 3 and Virgínia Araújo 1 1 Postgraduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism, UFRN—Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, Brazil; [email protected] 2 CNPq—Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Ministry of Education, Brasília DF 71605-001, Brazil; [email protected] 3 IGOT—Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning/Center for Geographical Studies, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. IGOT, Rua Branca Edmée Marques, Lisboa 1600-276, Portugal; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +55-83-99659-5443 Received: 8 October 2018; Accepted: 16 November 2018; Published: 21 November 2018 Abstract: The purpose of this article is to analyze urban form through the mapping of morphological indices, namely impervious surface fraction, building density, verticality, height/width ratio, roughness length, and porosity, to support urban planning in the city of João Pessoa, PB, in northeastern Brazil. The application of this study identifies and calculates such significant indices for the city’s urban space from a Geographic Information System (GIS) model. The spatial indices play notable roles in climate at different scales, developing guidelines to maximize environmental quality, promote improvements to thermal comfort, minimize the urban heat island in the city of João Pessoa, and provide relevant data (considering microclimate aspects), guiding decisions related to the planning process. Keywords: morphological indices; urban climate; planning process 1. Introduction Environmental concerns, especially regarding urban microclimate, have become increasingly important, and there is no doubt that there is an international effort to reduce them.
    [Show full text]
  • CALIFORNIA PLANNER Newsletter of the American Planning Association California Chapter
    CALIFORNIA PLANNER Newsletter of the American Planning Association California Chapter Fall 2012 In this issue Inland Empire Section Planning News . .5 2012 APA California Conference . .6 2012 APA California Awards . .9 Reinventing the California Planning Roundtable . .12 President’s Message . .13 APA California Leadership . .14 Congratulations to California’s Newest Candidate CEP and CTP Advanced Specialty Certification Recipients! .....................................15 Planning as Play: A Fun Approach to Planning .16 Rio, photo courtesy of Scott Ruhland Sonoma County’s Healthy by Design Workbook: Planning and Public Health Professionals Team With University Students An UrbBay Anlice iDsalyt, A ICVP ainde Scowtt Ru hloand f Brazil and Faculty for a Healthier County ....................17 In the country of Brazil, planning is largely conducted in departments of Scott Hettrick - Citizens Planner ........................19 “Urbanismo” by men and women who are architects by training and study Year with No Winter: A Volunteer Planner’s “arquitetura e urbanismo” at University. Having absorbed planning theory, history Experience in the Developing World - Part 3 .....20 and practice as a component of their architecture coursework, Brazilian urbanistas Legislative Update ..............................................22 go on to navigate a culturally specific confluence of design, infrastructure, social, Commissioner’s Corner .......................................26 demographic, environmental and economic concerns as they bridge the disciplines of planning and architecture. They may call themselves planners to American guests, but you may call them urbanistas. APA California Election A group of us from the APA California Northern’s International Program spent Nominations Now Open! a year planning our adventure. The result: an all-too-brief but fascinating look at Don't forget to vote for your some of Brazil’s most compelling cities through planners’ eyes.
    [Show full text]
  • Residential High-Rise Clusters As a Contemporary Planning Challenge in Manama by Florian Wiedmann Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences Dr
    Revista Gremium® | Volumen 2 | Número 04 | Agosto - Diciembre 2015 | ISSN 2007-8773 | México, D. F. Residential High-Rise Clusters as a Contemporary Planning Challenge in Manama by Florian Wiedmann Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences Dr. Florian Wiedmann is a Senior Urban Planner and part-time Lecturer at Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences. He holds a PhD in urban planning and his recent research efforts are focused on the urbanization in the Gulf region. In addition to his academic occupation he is co-founder and principal of ARRUS, an urban planning consultancy located in Frankfurt and Chicago. Email: [email protected] Received: 29 April 29 2015 Accepted: 05 July 2015 Abstract Available online: 01 August 2015 This paper analyzes the different roots of current residential high-rise clusters emerging in new city districts along the coast of Bahrain’s capital city Manama, and the resulting urban planning and design challenges. Since the local real-estate markets were liberalized in Bahrain in 2003, the population grew rapidly to more than one million inhabitants. Consequently, the housing demand increased rapidly due to extensive immigration. Many residential developments were however constructed for the upper spectrum of the real-estate market, due to speculative tendencies causing a raise in land value. The emerging high-rise clusters are developed along the various waterfronts of Manama on newly reclaimed land. This paper explores the spatial consequences of the recent boom in construction boom and the various challenges for architects and urban planners to enhance urban qualities. Keywords: high-rise, cluster development, housing, urban planning, Bahrain, Manama Introduction gaining national independence during 1970, the urban transformation process was dominated Since the end of the 20th century, a new vision by the welfare state mechanisms and a car- in urban development has been introduced based model of town planning (imported by in the case of the cities in the gulf, in order to Western architects and planners).
    [Show full text]
  • Name: Class Period: ___Date: ___Vocabulary Unit 8: Urbanization 1. Anne
    Name: ________________________________________ Class Period: _______ Date: _____________ Vocabulary Unit 8: Urbanization 1. Annexation: control of land changing from one entity to another. For example, a city acquiring territory and population by annexing a smaller, peripheral, or weaker entity. 2. City: large permanent human settlement, larger than a town. Cities generally have complex systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, housing, and transportation. The concentration of development greatly facilitates interaction between people and businesses, sometimes benefiting both parties in the process, but it also presents challenges to managing urban growth. 3. City Center: commercial, cultural, historical, political, and/or geographic heart of a city. 4. Commuting: recurring travel between one's place of residence and place of work, or study, and in doing so exceed the boundary of their residential community. 5. Gentrification: process of renovating and improving a district or area so that it conforms to middle-class taste: with the effect of increasing property values and the displacing of lower-income families and small businesses. 6. Ghetto: section of a city inhabited predominantly by members of an ethnic or other minority group, often as a result of social or economic restrictions, pressures, or hardships. 7. Greenbelt: area of woods, parks, or open land surrounding a community. 8. Mega City: usually defined as a metropolitan area with a total population in excess of ten million people. A megacity can be a single metropolitan area, or two or more metropolitan areas that converge. Some examples are Tokyo, Shanghai, Jakarta, New York City, Seoul, Beijing, Karachi, Mexico City, Delhi, and São Paulo. What are some others? 9.
    [Show full text]
  • From “Gentrification” to Community Control: an Exploration Into Urban Restructuring in New York City
    From “Gentrification” to Community Control: An exploration into urban restructuring in New York City by Aida Mas supervised by Dr. Luisa Sotomayor A Portfolio submitted to the Faculty of Environmental Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of in Environmental Studies York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada July 31, 2019 Land Acknowledgement For over 15,000 years, Turtle Island has been stewarded collectively by Indigenous communities. In fact, it was not so long ago that colonization imposed the concept of private ownership of land on what settlers perceived as Terra nullius, or “nobody’s land.” This idea – that collectively stewarded land belonged to nobody – ultimately allowed colonial powers to usurp land from Indigenous communities through the imposition of private property. This legacy of extractive dispossession continues to shape our society and relationship to land. From where I sit today on the unceded territory of the Coast Salish Peoples, to the occupied Lenape land where most of this research took place, Indigenous communities have been systematically displaced and extirpated from their land. The land which York University occupies is no exception, having been home to the Anishinabek Nation, the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, Huron-Wendat, the Métis, and the Mississaugas of the New Credit First Nation. These Indigenous Nations have been stewarding land through agreements such as the Dish with One Spoon Wampum Belt Covenant, which aims to share and preserve the natural life and harmony of the Great Lakes region. My awareness of the importance of stewardship began far from my own ancestral territories of the Iberian Peninsula and the Middle East.
    [Show full text]