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Name: Class Period: ___Date: ___Vocabulary Unit 8: Urbanization 1. Anne Name: ________________________________________ Class Period: _______ Date: _____________ Vocabulary Unit 8: Urbanization 1. Annexation: control of land changing from one entity to another. For example, a city acquiring territory and population by annexing a smaller, peripheral, or weaker entity. 2. City: large permanent human settlement, larger than a town. Cities generally have complex systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, housing, and transportation. The concentration of development greatly facilitates interaction between people and businesses, sometimes benefiting both parties in the process, but it also presents challenges to managing urban growth. 3. City Center: commercial, cultural, historical, political, and/or geographic heart of a city. 4. Commuting: recurring travel between one's place of residence and place of work, or study, and in doing so exceed the boundary of their residential community. 5. Gentrification: process of renovating and improving a district or area so that it conforms to middle-class taste: with the effect of increasing property values and the displacing of lower-income families and small businesses. 6. Ghetto: section of a city inhabited predominantly by members of an ethnic or other minority group, often as a result of social or economic restrictions, pressures, or hardships. 7. Greenbelt: area of woods, parks, or open land surrounding a community. 8. Mega City: usually defined as a metropolitan area with a total population in excess of ten million people. A megacity can be a single metropolitan area, or two or more metropolitan areas that converge. Some examples are Tokyo, Shanghai, Jakarta, New York City, Seoul, Beijing, Karachi, Mexico City, Delhi, and São Paulo. What are some others? 9. Megalopolis: chain of roughly adjacent metropolitan areas. 10. Metropolis: large city or urban area which is a significant economic, political, and cultural center for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce, and communications. 11. Metropolitan (Metro) Area: region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less- populated surrounding territories, sharing industry, infrastructure, and housing. A metropolitan area can comprise multiple jurisdictions such as neighborhoods, townships, suburbs, cities, etc. 12. Public Housing: housing that is owned or operated by a government and usually offered at low rent to the needy, poor, or otherwise economically disadvantaged. 13. Public Transportation: also known as public transit or mass transit, is a shared passenger transport service which is available for use by the general public, as distinct from modes such as taxicab, carpooling or hired buses which are not shared by strangers without private arrangement. Public transport modes include buses, trolleybuses, trams (or light rail) and passenger trains. 14. Resident: person who establishes or maintains a residence (home) in a given place. 15. Rural: geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. 16. Sanitation: services and infrastructure put in place to ensure that habitable spaces and their environments are able to be cleaned and free from disease. Such as running water, sewerage systems, toilets and waste disposal. 17. Slum: heavily populated urban settlement characterized by substandard housing, inadequate housing, and miserable living conditions. They may lack reliable sanitation services, supply of clean water, waste collection, storm drainage, street lighting, paved sidewalks, reliable electricity, timely law enforcement, and other basic services. Slums vary from shanty houses to professionally built dwellings that because of poor-quality or construction have deteriorated into slums. They are often overcrowded, with many people crammed into very small living spaces. Some slums may be built on land that the occupant does not have a legal claim to, without any urban planning or adherence to zoning regulations. 18. Squatter: someone who occupies an abandoned or unoccupied area of land, or a building, usually residential, that the squatter does not own, rent or otherwise have lawful permission to use. 19. Suburb: residential area or a mixed use area, either existing as part of a city or urban area, or as a separate residential community within commuting distance of a city. 20. Town: human settlement larger than a village but smaller than a city. Standards vary, but generally a town has a population of fewer than 100,000 people. 21. Urban Area: characterized by high human population density and many built features. 22. Urban Decay: process where a city, or part of a city, falls into disrepair and decrepitude. It may feature deindustrialization, depopulation or changing population, restructuring, abandoned buildings, high local unemployment, fragmented families, political disenfranchisement, crime, and a desolate, inhospitable city landscape. 23. Urban Planner: person whose job it is to plan and strategies the development of urban places with respect to land uses, infrastructure and services with the aim of improving the quality of life for residents and facilitating the social and economic development of the city. 24. Urban Renewal: rehabilitation of urban areas by renovating or replacing dilapidated buildings with new housing, public buildings, parks, roadways, industrial areas, etc. Urban renewal involves the relocation of businesses, the demolition of structures, and the relocation of people, and not always voluntarily. 25. Urbanization: process by which the population of a country, state, or territory, becomes increasingly located in urban areas through both population growth in urban centers and rural-urban migration. 26. Village: clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet (small village) but smaller than a town, with a population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. 27. World City: large city that has outstripped its national urban network and become part of an international global system; centers of political power, world trade and communications, leaders in banking and finance, stage, world entertainment and sporting spectacles, the headquarters of NGOs and tourist meccas. .
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