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Für Das FFH-Gebiet 237 „NSG Effeldertal“ (DE 5632-304)

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Für Das FFH-Gebiet 237 „NSG Effeldertal“ (DE 5632-304) Managementplan (Fachbeitrag Offenland) für das FFH-Gebiet 237 „NSG Effeldertal“ (DE 5632-304) Abschlussbericht Frankfurt, 17.04.2019 PGNU Planungsgruppe Natur & Umwelt mbH Hamburger Allee 45 60486 Frankfurt am Main Internet: www.pgnu.de Managementplan (Fachbeitrag Offenland) für das FFH-Gebiet 237 „NSG Effeldertal“ (DE 5632-304) Abschlussbericht Auftraggeber Thüringer Landesanstalt für Umwelt und Geologie Göschwitzer Straße 41 07745 Jena Auftragnehmer Planungsgruppe für Natur und Umwelt (PGNU) Hamburger Allee 45 60486 Frankfurt am Main Tel.: 069-9529640 Fax: 069-95296499 E-mail: [email protected] Projektleitung Dipl.-Biol. Marion Löhr-Böger (PGNU) Hauptbearbeitung Dipl.-Biol. Maria Meyen (AVENA) (LRT-Kartierung, MaP) Dipl.-Biol. Claudia Hepting (AVENA) (LRT-Kartierung, MaP) M. Sc. Lilith Jeske (AVENA) (LRT-Kartierung, MaP) Weitere Bearbeiter M. Sc. Annika Peters (AVENA) (MaP) Dr. Benjamin Hill (PGNU) (Anhang II-Arten - Insekten) Dipl. Biogeogr. David Roderus ((Anhang II-Arten – Insekten) Dipl. Biol. Christin Wurmitzer (PGNU) (Anhang II-Arten – Insekten) Dr. Egbert Korte (INGA) (Anhang II Arten – Fische und Rundmäuler) Dipl.-Biol. Ute Kalbhenn (INGA) (Anhang II-Arten - Fische und Rund- mäuler) Technische Bearbeitung Dipl.-Biol. Maria Meyen (AVENA) M. Sc. Lilith Jeske (AVENA) Managementplan (FB Offenland) für das FFH-Gebiet Nr. 237 Inhaltsverzeichnis „NSG Effeldertal“ Inhaltsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis ................................................................................................................ IV Abbildungsverzeichnis .......................................................................................................... VII Abkürzungsverzeichnis ........................................................................................................ VIII 1 Rechtlicher und organisatorischer Rahmen der Natura 2000-Managementplanung .... 1 1.1 Rechtlicher Rahmen ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Grundsätze der Managementplanung ........................................................................................... 2 1.3 Organisation ................................................................................................................................... 3 2 Gebietscharakteristik ......................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Lage und Abgrenzung .................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Natürliche Grundlagen ................................................................................................................... 6 2.2.1 Naturraum ......................................................................................................................... 6 2.2.2 Klima.................................................................................................................................. 6 2.2.3 Geologie und Boden.......................................................................................................... 7 2.2.4 Potentielle Natürliche Vegetation (pnV) ............................................................................ 8 2.2.5 Hydrologie ......................................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Geschützte Gebiete ..................................................................................................................... 10 2.3.1 Naturschutzgebiete ......................................................................................................... 10 2.3.2 Vogelschutzgebiete ......................................................................................................... 11 2.3.3 Naturdenkmale und Flächennaturdenkmale ................................................................... 11 2.3.4 Wasserschutzgebiete und Überschwemmungsgebiete .................................................. 11 2.4 Planungen im Gebiet .................................................................................................................... 11 2.4.1 Regionalplanerische Vorgaben ....................................................................................... 11 2.4.2 Maßnahmen zur Umsetzung der Wasserrahmenrichtlinie (WRRL) ................................ 13 2.4.3 Fachbeitrag Wald ............................................................................................................ 13 2.4.4 Naturschutzgroßprojekt „Grünes Band Rodachtal - Lange Berge – Steinachtal“ ........... 13 3 Eigentums- und Nutzungsverhältnisse .......................................................................... 15 3.1 Eigentumsverhältnisse ................................................................................................................. 15 3.2 Nutzungsverhältnisse ................................................................................................................... 16 3.2.1 Landwirtschaft und Landschaftspflege ............................................................................ 16 3.2.2 Wasserwirtschaft und Gewässerunterhaltung ................................................................ 16 3.2.3 Jagd und Fischerei .......................................................................................................... 16 I Managementplan (FB Offenland) für das FFH-Gebiet Nr. 237 Inhaltsverzeichnis „NSG Effeldertal“ 3.2.4 Erholung / Tourismus ..................................................................................................... 17 3.2.5 Sonstige Nutzungen einschließlich bereits genehmigter / planfestgestellter Vorhaben mit Beeinträchtigung der FFH-Gebiete........................................................................... 17 4 Bestand der FFH-Schutzgüter und Bewertung ihres Erhaltungszustandes ................ 18 4.1 FFH- Lebensraumtypen nach Anhang I der FFH-Richtlinie ........................................................ 18 4.1.1 Einleitung und Übersicht ................................................................................................ 18 4.1.2 Beschreibung der vorkommenden einzelnen Lebensraumtypen ................................... 22 4.1.2.1 LRT 3150 – Natürliche eutrophe Seen mit einer Vegetation des Magno- potamion oder Hydrocharition ......................................................................... 22 4.1.2.2 LRT 3260 – Flüsse der planaren bis montanen Stufe mit Vegetation des Ranunculion fluitantis und des Callitricho-Batrachion .................................... 25 4.1.2.3 LRT 4030 – Trockene europäische Heiden .................................................... 29 4.1.2.4 LRT 6430 – Feuchte Hochstaudenfluren der planaren und montanen bis alpinen Stufe ................................................................................................... 32 4.1.2.5 LRT 6510 – Magere Flachland-Mähwiesen (Alopecurus pratensis, Sanguisorba officinalis) ................................................................................... 34 4.1.2.6 LRT 6520 – Berg-Mähwiesen ......................................................................... 39 4.2 Arten nach Anhang II der FFH-Richtlinie .................................................................................... 40 4.2.1 Einleitung und Übersicht ................................................................................................ 40 4.2.2 Beschreibung der einzelnen Arten ................................................................................. 42 4.2.2.1 Maculinea nausithous – Dunkler Wiesenknopf-Ameisenbläuling ................... 42 4.2.2.2 Cottus gobio – Westgroppe ............................................................................ 48 4.2.2.3 Lampetra planeri – Bachneunauge ................................................................. 53 4.2.2.4 Castor fiber – Biber ......................................................................................... 57 4.3 Arten nach Anhang I und Art. 4 Abs. 2 der Vogelschutz-Richtlinie ............................................. 60 4.4 Arten nach Anhang IV der FFH-Richtlinie oder besonders wertgebende Arten ......................... 61 5 Maßnahmenplanung ........................................................................................................ 64 5.1 Gefährdungen / Beeinträchtigungen ........................................................................................... 64 5.2 Maßnahmen zur Erhaltung, Wiederherstellung und Entwicklung ............................................... 68 5.2.1 Kostenschätzung (Eingabe in der FIS-Datenbank zu den einzelspezifischen Maßnahmen) .................................................................................................................. 71 5.2.2 Vorschläge für die vorgezogene Maßnahmenumsetzung.............................................. 71 5.2.3 Auswertung der Maßnahmenflächen mit KULAP-Förderung ......................................... 72 5.2.4 Lebensraumtypen nach Anhang I der FFH-Richtlinie .................................................... 74 5.2.4.1 LRT 3150 – Natürliche eutrophe Seen mit einer Vegetation des Magno- potamion oder Hydrocharition ......................................................................... 74 II Managementplan (FB Offenland) für das FFH-Gebiet Nr. 237 Inhaltsverzeichnis „NSG Effeldertal“ 5.2.4.2 LRT 3260 – Flüsse der planaren bis montanen Stufe mit Vegetation des Ranunculion fluitantis und des Callitricho-Batrachion ...................................
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