DOCSLIB.ORG

The Emerging Field of Video Gaming in India

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Emerging Field of Video Gaming in India Video Gaming Parlours: The Emerging Field of Video Gaming in India A thesis submitted to The University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2016 Gagunjoat S. Chhina School of Social Sciences Abstract .................................................................................................................................. 4 The Emergence of Video Gaming in India......................................................................... 5 Declaration ............................................................................................................................. 6 Copyright statement ............................................................................................................... 6 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................ 7 Chapter 1. Video gaming in India: The Emergence and Social Construction ....................... 8 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 8 Organisation of the Thesis .................................................................................................. 9 Chapter 2. Surveying the Field of Video Gaming................................................................ 21 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 21 Theoretical Debates: Narrative and Ludic Approaches .................................................. 24 Separation of Games and Culture ..................................................................................... 26 The Cultural Studies Approaches to Video Games .......................................................... 31 Social Field ................................................................................................................... 35 Using Goffman’s Micro-sociological Approach to Study Video Gaming ....................... 42 Framing Video Game Play Experiences........................................................................... 46 Chapter 3 The Research Process and Methods .................................................................... 52 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 52 Defining the Research Questions ..................................................................................... 53 Chandigarh as the Research Location .............................................................................. 54 Research Design: Methods in the Field ........................................................................... 56 Using Ethnographical Approach to Study Video Gamers ................................................ 58 Conducting the Ethnography ............................................................................................ 63 Capturing the Field Site Data through Qualitative Mixed Methods................................. 65 Participant Observation of Birthday Parties ..................................................................... 69 Conducting Interviews at Indian Gaming Parlours .......................................................... 72 Analysing the Research Data ........................................................................................... 76 Multi-site ethnography: Conducting Secondary Fieldwork in Manchester ..................... 77 The Kyoto Lounge Video Gaming Bar ............................................................................ 80 Difficulties When Conducting Research .......................................................................... 82 Critiques of Ethnographic Methods.................................................................................. 84 Ethical Issues in Conducting Research............................................................................. 85 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 87 Chapter 4. Video games in India: Inception and Historical Context .................................. 89 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 89 India’s Closed Economic Restrictions and the Entrance of Video Game Technology .... 91 2 Emergence of Video Games in India................................................................................ 92 Video Gaming in the West ............................................................................................... 95 The Indian Infrastructural and Material Context of Video Game Play ............................ 99 The First Encounters of Urban Video Game Players ....................................................... 99 The First Encounters of Rural Video Game Players ...................................................... 105 The Creation of a Video Gaming Field through Glocalisation ...................................... 109 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 115 Chapter 5. Entrepreneurial Actors and Video Game Parlours ........................................... 117 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 117 Habitus and the Field ...................................................................................................... 118 Emerging Fields ............................................................................................................. 120 The Creation of the Video Gaming Parlour Indulgence ................................................. 122 Organisation of Physical Space around the Habitus of Adjacent Fields ........................ 128 The Organisation of Space in Indulgence and Cultural Situatedness............................. 134 The Kyoto Lounge: A Video Gaming Bar in Manchester ............................................. 137 Restricting Actor Behaviour in an Emerging Field ........................................................ 142 Non-Entrepreneurial Actor’s and the Shaping of Practices in ....................................... 146 Video Gaming Parlours through Birthday Parties .......................................................... 146 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 154 Chapter 6. Making Sense of Video Games through Glocalisation .................................... 156 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 156 Framing and Glocalisation ............................................................................................. 157 The Rejection of Science Fiction ................................................................................... 163 ‘Modding’ or the Modification of Global Games .......................................................... 177 Chapter 7. Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 189 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 189 The Player and the Socio-Cultural Context .................................................................... 190 Research Questions, Location and Theory ..................................................................... 191 Empirical Findings ......................................................................................................... 194 Theoretical Implications ................................................................................................. 201 Limitations and Future Research .................................................................................... 203 References .......................................................................................................................... 205 Appendices ......................................................................................................................... 226 Appendix One – Ethical Practice in Condcuting Research ............................................ 226 Appendix Two – Ethical Practice in Condcuting Research ........................................... 227 Appendix Three - Semi-Structured Interview Questions for Video Gamer Study ........ 228 3 Appendix Four – Participant Information Sheet ............................................................ 229 Appendix Five – List of Figures ..................................................................................... 229 Appendix Six – List of Interviewees .............................................................................. 231 Indulgence gaming parlour ......................................................................................... 231 Oxide gaming parlour ................................................................................................. 231 Kyoto Lounge ............................................................................................................. 232 Word Count: 78,571 4 Abstract Video Gaming Parlours: The Emergence of Video Gaming in India Gagunjoat S. Chhina Doctor of Philosophy University of Manchester, Sociology 18 January 2016 This thesis critically
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Defence Strategic Communications
    Defence Strategic Communications | Volume 5 | Autumn 2018 DEFENCE STRATEGIC COMMUNICATIONS DEFENCE STRATEGIC 12 Volume 5 | Autumn 2018 DEFENCE STRATEGIC COMMUNICATIONS The official journal of the NATO Strategic Communications Centre of Excellence AUTUMN 2018 The Acoustic World of Influence: How Musicology Illuminates Strategic Communications Hostile Gatekeeping: the Strategy of Engaging With Journalists in Extremism Reporting The ‘Fake News’ Label and Politicisation of Malaysia’s Elections Brand Putin: an Analysis of Vladimir Putin’s Projected Images What Does it Mean for a Communication to be Trusted? Strategic Communications at the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics: a Groundwork Study ISSN: 2500-9486 DOI: 10.30966/2018.RIGA.5. Defence Strategic Communications | Volume 5 | Autumn 2018 DOI 10.30966/2018.RIGA.5.5 WHAT DOES IT MEAN 171 FOR A COMMUNICATION TO BE TRUSTED? Francesca Granelli Abstract Despite following best practice, most governments fail in their strategic communications. There is a missing ‘X’ factor: trust. This offers a quick win to strategic communicators, provided they understand what the phenomenon involves. Moreover, it allows practitioners to avoid the risk of citizens feeling betrayed when their government fails to deliver. Keywords: trust, communications, impersonal trust, distrust, reliance, co-operation, strategic communications About the author Dr Francesca Granelli is a Teaching Fellow at King’s College London, where her research focuses on trust. Her forthcoming book is Trust, Politics and Revolution: A European History. Defence Strategic Communications | Volume 5 | Autumn 2018 DOI 10.30966/2018.RIGA.5.5 172 Introduction Governments, politicians, and commentators are worried. The ‘crisis of trust’ is now a common refrain, which draws upon a mountain of apparent evidence.1 Edelman’s Trust Barometer, for instance, points to declining levels of trust in governments, NGOs, businesses, and the media across most countries each year.
    [Show full text]
  • Ideal Homes? Social Change and Domestic Life
    IDEAL HOMES? Until now, the ‘home’ as a space within which domestic lives are lived out has been largely ignored by sociologists. Yet the ‘home’ as idea, place and object consumes a large proportion of individuals’ incomes, and occupies their dreams and their leisure time while the absence of a physical home presents a major threat to both society and the homeless themselves. This edited collection provides for the first time an analysis of the space of the ‘home’ and the experiences of home life by writers from a wide range of disciplines, including sociology, criminology, psychology, social policy and anthropology. It covers a range of subjects, including gender roles, different generations’ relationships to home, the changing nature of the family, transition, risk and alternative visions of home. Ideal Homes? provides a fascinating analysis which reveals how both popular images and experiences of home life can produce vital clues as to how society’s members produce and respond to social change. Tony Chapman is Head of Sociology at the University of Teesside. Jenny Hockey is Senior Lecturer in the School of Comparative and Applied Social Sciences, University of Hull. IDEAL HOMES? Social change and domestic life Edited by Tony Chapman and Jenny Hockey London and New York First published 1999 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2002. © 1999 Selection and editorial matter Tony Chapman and Jenny Hockey; individual chapters, the contributors All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Just Leave Me Alone': Social Isolation and Civic Disengagement for The
    ‘Just Leave Me Alone’: Social Isolation and Civic Disengagement for the Small-City Poor INTRODUCTION The sprawling desert community of Riverway1, Washington is neither a booming city nor a persistently poor one. For its small size, it enjoys a relatively healthy economy, and has few identifiable pockets of high-density poverty. Yet, like most of the nation, it suffered significant job loss during the economic downturn of 2007-2009 (Washington State Employment Security Department 2012). Once a collection of small farm towns, Riverway had undergone rapid population growth and unmitigated sprawl in recent decades, as suburban housing developments, apartment complexes, strip-malls, and big- box stores spread into land that had been orchards and vineyards. As it grew, low-skilled individuals from both bigger cities and smaller rural communities flocked to Riverway in search of low-cost housing and job opportunities in its expanding construction and service sectors; many of them struggled when the recession hit. Although many came to Riverway specifically because of social ties there, a combination of social, cultural, structural and spatial barriers contributed to isolation amongst this population, limiting their options for survival as well as capacities for and interest in social and civic life. This paper, based on qualitative interviews and ethnographic observation, looks at the social repercussions of job loss and poverty in a type of community where they are rarely studied (Norman 2013): a small, postagrarian (Salamon 2003), sprawling Western city. Despite the tendency for sociological inquiry on poverty to focus on high-density and persistently poor communities, there is evidence that since the recession poverty is 1 becoming an increasing problem in small metropolitan areas and suburbs (Fessler 2013; Kneebone and Garr 2010).
    [Show full text]
  • 269 Cool Things to Do in Area Code (269)
    Two-hundred-sixty-nine is not just the area code for Kalamazoo County. It is also the starting number of unique, off-the-map activities that people can explore in southwest Michigan! 269 COOL THINGS TO269 DO COOL IN THINGS AREA TO DOCODE IN AREA 269 CODE ®269 ® Acorn Theatre Arcadia Brewing Company Bell’s Brewery + Bittersweet Ski Resort Three Oaks Kalamazoo Eccentric Café Otsego 1 269.756.3879 8 269.276.0458 15 Kalamazoo 19 269.694.2032 269.382.2332 It’s great to have a ski resort so close. If the Air Zoo Art on the Mall Oberon Day! Oberon in general! – Brian C. weather cooperates I can be there in no time Portage Kalamazoo flat. – Harry 2 269.382.6555 9 269.342.5059 Benton Harbor Arts District The Air Zoo is THE BEST all-weather For over 33 years this two-day show features Benton Harbor Black Owl Café entertainment for families in Southwest Michigan. more than 75 local and regional artists who 16 269.926.1926 Kalamazoo sell their original art and fine crafts on the This is a great up-and-coming arts community 20 269.459.1334 Airway Lanes + Fun Center downtown Kalamazoo walking mall! putting on such events as The Fall Festival of Portage the Arts, the New Territory Arts Association Blacksmith Course at Park 3 269.327.7061 Arts and Eats Tour Mural Project and the Benton Harbor City Trades Center Hastings Market. 21 Kalamazoo All Ears Theatre 10 269.945.2002 269.569.1741 Kalamazoo Arts and Eats rural back roads art, food, and Binder Park Zoo If you’re interested in blacksmithing, one of 4 269.342.5059 farm tour the third weekend in October each Battle Creek the coolest things to do in the area is to take See radio come to life.
    [Show full text]
  • An Analysis of Low-Income Black Students and Educational Outcomes
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 2-2015 What's "Black" Got to Do With It: An Analysis of Low-Income Black Students and Educational Outcomes Derrick E. Griffith Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/568 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] WHAT’S “BLACK” GOT TO DO WITH IT? AN ANALYSIS OF LOW-INCOME BLACK STUDENTS AND EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES by DERRICK EUGENE GRIFFITH A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Urban Education in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York (2015) © 2015 Derrick E. Griffith All Rights Reserved ii This manuscript has been read and accepted by the graduate Faculty in Urban Education in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Juan Battle ________________________ _________________________ Date Chair of Examining Committee Anthony Picciano _________________________ _________________________ Date Executive Officer Anthony Picciano Nicholas Michelli Supervisory Committee THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT WHAT’S “BLACK” GOT TO DO WITH IT? AN ANALYSIS OF LOW-INCOME BLACK STUDENTS AND EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES by Derrick Eugene Griffith Adviser: Professor Juan Battle Well-known social scientist William Wilson notes the Black underclass is particularly at risk of developing behaviors and attitudes that promote educational and social isolation.
    [Show full text]
  • Centennial Bibliography on the History of American Sociology
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Sociology Department, Faculty Publications Sociology, Department of 2005 Centennial Bibliography On The iH story Of American Sociology Michael R. Hill [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/sociologyfacpub Part of the Family, Life Course, and Society Commons, and the Social Psychology and Interaction Commons Hill, Michael R., "Centennial Bibliography On The iH story Of American Sociology" (2005). Sociology Department, Faculty Publications. 348. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/sociologyfacpub/348 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Sociology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Sociology Department, Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Hill, Michael R., (Compiler). 2005. Centennial Bibliography of the History of American Sociology. Washington, DC: American Sociological Association. CENTENNIAL BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE HISTORY OF AMERICAN SOCIOLOGY Compiled by MICHAEL R. HILL Editor, Sociological Origins In consultation with the Centennial Bibliography Committee of the American Sociological Association Section on the History of Sociology: Brian P. Conway, Michael R. Hill (co-chair), Susan Hoecker-Drysdale (ex-officio), Jack Nusan Porter (co-chair), Pamela A. Roby, Kathleen Slobin, and Roberta Spalter-Roth. © 2005 American Sociological Association Washington, DC TABLE OF CONTENTS Note: Each part is separately paginated, with the number of pages in each part as indicated below in square brackets. The total page count for the entire file is 224 pages. To navigate within the document, please use navigation arrows and the Bookmark feature provided by Adobe Acrobat Reader.® Users may search this document by utilizing the “Find” command (typically located under the “Edit” tab on the Adobe Acrobat toolbar).
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Study of Anti-Cheat Methods in Video Games
    Comparative Study of Anti-cheat Methods in Video Games Samuli Lehtonen Master’s thesis UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI Department of Computer Science Helsinki, March 7, 2020 HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO — HELSINGFORS UNIVERSITET — UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI Tiedekunta — Fakultet — Faculty Laitos — Institution — Department Faculty of Science Department of Computer Science Tekijä — Författare — Author Samuli Lehtonen Työn nimi — Arbetets titel — Title Comparative Study of Anti-cheat Methods in Video Games Oppiaine — Läroämne — Subject Computer Science Työn laji — Arbetets art — Level Aika — Datum — Month and year Sivumäärä — Sidoantal — Number of pages Master’s thesis March 7, 2020 71 + 48 as appendices Tiivistelmä — Referat — Abstract Online gaming is more popular than ever and many video game companies are reliant on the cash flow generated by online games. If a video game company wants its game to be successful, the game has to be resilient against cheating, the presence of which can ruin an otherwise successful game. Cheating in a video game can bankrupt an entire company as the non-cheating players leave the game because of unscrupulous individuals using cheats to gain an unfair advantage. Cheating can also involve criminal activity where maliciously acquired in-game items are traded against real money online. Commercial cheat programs are sold on online black markets and are available even to players who have no deep technical knowledge. The widespread availability and easy accessibility of cheats compounds the issue. This thesis will categorize different anti-cheat techniques and give a brief history of anti-cheat starting from the early 1980s. The history section describes how the fight against online cheating began and how it has evolved over the years.
    [Show full text]
  • Apropos Doors, Janus and Tristram Shandy Gene Washington, Utah State University
    Utah State University From the SelectedWorks of Gene Washington 2008 Apropos Doors, Janus and Tristram Shandy gene washington, Utah State University Available at: https://works.bepress.com/gene_washington/155/ APROPOS DOORS, JANUS AND TRISTRAM SHANDY In the course of a discussion of “Doors as Limina ,” the French critic, Claude Gandelman, suggests that literary research, by failing to “deal systematically with doors in fiction, has failed to understand what may be a “metaliterary tale” of the fiction itself-- or, perhaps, something so far unknown about the genre, if any, the fiction belongs to.” 1 He then goes on, by way of illustrating how the “Doors as Limina” would appear as a tool of literary research, to discuss briefly Madame Bovary , a work “full of doors and windows,” and Kafka’s Before the Law, a story that involves a man seeking justice, a doorkeeper and a series of doors (pp. 53-54). For Gandelman, Flaubert, in particular, “seems to need an opening of a door in order to write a new chapter or describe a change in the mood of his heroine” (p. 54). Tristram Shandy is a work replete with both the use and the mention of doors and windows. There is, for example, the parlour door, the most often used and mentioned , the dressing room door, Toby’s sentrybox door, and the door to Mrs Wadman’s house. Even the parts of doors, the bad hinges on the parlour door ( TS , 3.21.239), various key-holes (TS , 3.38.277; 8.35.729), and the rapper on Mrs Wadman’s door ( TS , 9.16.768), have a role in the narrative.
    [Show full text]
  • Loci of Power by Amber Melinda May Hanrahan a Thesis Submitted To
    Atlantic Parlour Culture: Loci of Power By Amber Melinda May Hanrahan A Thesis Submitted to Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, Nova Scotia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Atlantic Canada Studies September, 2015, Halifax, Nova Scotia Copyright Amber Melinda May Hanrahan, 2015 Approved: Dr. Peter L. Twohig Co-Supervisor Approved: Dr. Richard H. Field Co-Supervisor Approved: Dr. James H. Morrison External Examiner Date: September 15, 2015 ii Atlantic Parlour Culture: Loci of Power By Amber Melinda May Hanrahan Abstract Parlour Culture is considered for its long duration and social impact on both sides of the Atlantic, but my research focus culminates with the expression of that culture in Queens County, Nova Scotia from the late 18th century to the mid-20th century. Interdisciplinary research of vernacular parlour culture has uncovered evidence for a sharing of social power through reciprocity and inclusivity during the American parlour of New England, the Liverpool Township and the settlements of White Point and Hunts Point, Queens County. To identify the essence of parlour culture in each of these areas, research traces the intangible life behaviours as related to the tangible ones of place (locus). Through its dominant goal of promoting relationships between the home and the community, parlour culture becomes the instrument for the realization of self- identity. Thus, the essence of parlour culture is that of a spatial artifact directed toward the construction of sustainable community life. An original study of two South Shore communities reveals an elegant social model based on a parlour culture that was transferred from New England.
    [Show full text]
  • Practice Note Title: Home Based Business Activities Document Number: AC2201 Version: 2
    Document type: Practice Note Title: Home based business activities Document number: AC2201 Version: 2 1. Purpose The purpose of this practice note is to describe how applications involving a home-based business such as a hair dressing salon or beauty parlour should be assessed for compliance. 2. Definition of home based business A home based business is one in which a commercial enterprise (business) is operated from a residential property and includes but is not limited to a hair salon, office, transport company, etc where customers are expected to visit the premises and pay for personal or professional services. 3. Legislative requirements This practise note only deals with matters from a Building Act perspective; Resource Management Act issues are not covered. Planning approval must be sought separately, if required. The application for building consent is assessed under s.112 ‘alterations to existing buildings’. Section 112 states that a BCA only need grant a consent for the alteration of all or part of an existing building if it is satisfied that, after the alteration the building will comply as nearly as is reasonably practicable with the provisions of the Code that relate to:- • means of escape from fire (i.e. install smoke alarms); and • provision for access and facilities for people with disabilities; and • continue to comply with other provisions of the Code to at least the same extent as before Schedule 1 of the Building Regulations 1992/150 describes a dwelling as being a building where a group of people live as a single household or family. Commercial buildings are described as those where any natural resources, goods, services or money are either developed, sold, exchanged or stored.
    [Show full text]
  • A Phenomenological Research on Bajo Tribe's Social Life in Bone
    IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 23, Issue 2, Ver. 3 (February. 2018) PP 86-91 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org A Disadvantaged Tribe in Bajoe Village, Bone Regency: A Phenomenological Research on Bajo Tribe’s Social Life in Bone Regency, South Sulawesi Andi Djalante, Andi Agustang; Suradi Tahmir, Jumadi Sahabuddin, Department of Sociology, Universitas Negeri Makassar Indonesia Abstract: The aims of this research are: (1) to reveal the dimensions of life within Bajo Tribe at Bajoe Village, Bone Regency; (2) to reveal the dimensions of disadvantaged social life within Bajo tribe at Bajoe Village, Bone Regency; (3) to find the right solution for changing the condition of the disadvantaged Bajo Tribe. The approach used in this research is qualitative method, specifically a phenomenological research on nine informants taken by purposive sampling. All data obtained through in-depth interview and observation are then analyzed inductively. The research findings include: (1) the discovery of real disadvantaged condition within the life of Bajo Tribe concerning the fulfillment of daily needs such as: the discrepancy within the expectation achievement and the shifting of social order and culture; (2) the discovery of each pattern’s relation and ways of thinking in Bajo Tribe which controlled by the custom; (3) the repairment effort of theoretical solution against two conditions, the first is controlling the social consciousness of Bajo Tribe toward the tendency in current survival, the second is how to enhance Bajo Tribe with active participation and put every activity on rational choice. The theoretical solution in the first condition is dealt with the theory of awareness control by Herbert Blumer, while the second condition is dealt with the theory of rational choice by James Samuel Coleman.
    [Show full text]
  • A Typology of Modern Slavery Offences in the UK
    A Typology of Modern Slavery Offences in the UK Research Report 93 Christine Cooper, Olivia Hesketh, Nicola Ellis, Adam Fair Home Office Analysis and Insight October 2017 Contents Acknowledgements i Executive summary ii Aim and approach ii Findings ii Discussion and next steps vi 1. Introduction 1 Geographical scope of the report 1 The Crime of Modern Slavery 2 Modern slavery in the UK 3 Origins of the typology 4 2. Methodology 6 Aims and approach 6 Other typologies 6 Data sources 7 Data limitations 8 3. Findings 9 Introduction 9 The dimensions 9 The types of modern slavery 10 The typology of 17 types of modern slavery offences in the UK 11 The profiles 12 4. Conclusions 47 Next steps 47 Annex 1 – Methodology 49 Data sources 49 Limitations 50 Analysis 51 The database 51 Annex 2 – Coding framework 56 ii A Typology of Modern Slavery Offences in the UK Acknowledgements Thank you to the following individuals and groups with whom we consulted when developing the typology: • Human Trafficking Team and Directorate for Children and Families, Scottish Government; • Department of Justice, Northern Ireland Executive; • Wales Anti‑Slavery Co‑Ordinator; • Joint Slavery and Trafficking Analysis Centre (JSTAC) – intelligence analysts representing the National Crime Agency, National Policing, Border Force, Immigration Enforcement and Gangmasters and Labour Abuse Authority; • National Police Chief’s Council Lead for Modern Slavery, Chief Constable Shaun Sawyer; • Modern Slavery Police Transformation Unit – Insight Team; • National Human Trafficking Unit,
    [Show full text]