NOTES: 9.3 - FERMENTATION
Vocabulary: -Fermentation -Glycolysis -Aerobic -Lactic Acid Fermentation -Anaerobic -Alcoholic Fermentation
What happens if your cells aren’t getting enough oxygen? • Krebs Cycle & E.T.C. CANNOT proceed . • Instead, occurs -Pyruvic Acid builds up in & is converted to … feel the burn! -In other organisms, the pyruvic acid builds up, ferments, and becomes
Fermentation: release of energy from food molecules in absence of oxygen ( )
• Enables cells to carry out energy production in the
• result of glycolysis + fermentation yields 2 ATP molecules per 1 molecule of glucose (not nearly as much energy!!!!)
2 Fermentation Pathways
1) Alcoholic Fermentation 2) Lactic Acid Fermentation
1) Alcoholic Fermentation:
• occurs in & some other microorganisms
• pyruvic acid is broken down into a 2-Carbon plus
• important to and !
-When yeast in dough runs out of oxygen it ferments, giving off bubbles of gas—which forms air space in bread
-Alcohol produced in the dough evaporates when bread is baked *(when the level of alcohol reaches , yeast cells die)
2) Lactic Acid Fermentation:
• pyruvic acid from glycolysis is
• lactic acid is produced in muscles during rapid exercise (body can't supply enough O2 to the tissues) • the build-up of lactic acid causes a Energy and Exercise: Quick Energy:
• Muscle cells only contain enough ATP for a few seconds of energy, or a “burst” ofenergy
-e.g.:
• When this is gone, cells resort to lactic acid fermentation which can provide enough ATP for about
Energy and Exercise: Long Term Energy:
• If a race or energy need is longer, your body must go through cellular respiration to get enough ATP to continue -even well-conditioned athletes have to pace themselves -your body stores energy in & in the form of . -these stores are enough to last for when broken down through cellular respiration -after this, your body begins to break down other molecules, including fats, for energy
-This is why aerobic exercise is beneficial for weight control!!
Long Term Energy:
● some animals rely on for energy to get them through long periods without food
● EXAMPLE:
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