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Home , Boris Ponomarev, Feeling Alive, Rick Nolan

December 6, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38605 Lt. Comdr. Gerald W. Ross, MC, USNR. Executive nominations received by the For a term of 2 years: Lt. Comdr. Judy E. Schwartz, MC, USNR. Senate before the convening of the Sen­ Mamie P. Clark, of New York. Lt. Comdr. Charles S. Settle, MC, USNR. Benjamin W. Hazard, of California. ate on December 6, 1977, pursuant to Nancy Negley, of Texas. Lt. Comdr. James C. Syverud, MC, USNR. the order of the Senate of November 29, Lt. Comdr. Felix R. Tormes, MC, USNR. For a term of 3 years: The following-named (Naval Reserve offi- 1977: Gary K. Clarke, of .Kansas. cer) to be appointeq a permanent Lieuten­ DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE George Horse Capture, of Montana. ant Commander in the Dental Corps of the Carlon M. O'Malley, Jr., of Pennsylvania, Charlotte Ferst, of Georgia. U.S. Navy, subject to the qualifications to be U.S. attorney for the middle district of For a term of 4 years: therefor as provided by law: Pennsylvania for the term of 4 years, vice S. Lewis Davis, of New York. Raul A. Lopez, of California. Lt. Comdr. Ronald B. Schatz, DC, USNR. John Cottone. Mack Burton, of Arkansas, to be U.S. mar­ E. Leland Webber, of Illinois. The following named Chief Warrant Officer shal for the western district of Arkansas for For a term of 5 years: to be appointed a permanent Chief Warrant the term .of 4 years, vice Lee R. Owen. Lloyd Hezekiah, of New York. Officer, W-2, in the U.S. Navy, subject to the Coy W. Rogers, of Oklahoma, to be U.S. Peter H. Raven, of Missouri. qualifications therefor as provided by law: marshal for the western district of Oklahoma George c. Seybolt, of Massachusetts. CW0-2 Robert L. Kennedy, USNR. for the term of 4 years, vice Floyd E. Carrier, NATIONAL SciENCE FOUNDATION The following-named (Naval Reserve offi­ term expired. James Arthur Krumhansl, of New York, to cers) to be appointed temporary captains in be an Assistant Director of the National Sci­ the Medical Corps of the U.S. Navy subject to ence Foundation. the qualifications therefor as provided by CONFIRMATIONS DEPARTMENT OF EN'ERGY law: John M. Deutch, of Massachusetts, to be Capt. Frank R. Arko, MC, USNR. Executive nominations confirmed by Director of the Office of Energy Research. Capt. John C. Fulmer, MC, USNR. the Senate December 6, 1977: Capt. Richard H. Re.he, MC, USNR. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL MUSEUM SERVICES BOARD Walter N. Heine, of :pennsylvania, to be The following-named (Naval Reserve offi­ The following-named persons to be mem­ Director of the Office of Surface Mining cers) to be appointed temporary commanders bers of the Nationa~ Museum Services Board Reclamation and Enforcement. in the Medical Corps of the U.S. Navy, sub­ for the terms indicated: The above nominations were approved ject to the qualifications therefor as pro­ For a term of 1 year: subject to the nominees' commitments tore­ vided by law: Douglas Dillon, of New York. spond to requests to appear and testify before Cdr George W. Gregory, III, MC, USNR. Neil Harris, of Illinois. any duly constituted comm~ttee of the Sen­ Cdr Kenneth G. Gross, MC, USNR. Joan Mondale, of . ate.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS VOLUNTEER DEVELOPMENT CORPS of the Brazilian States of Minas Gerais, a since his retirement from the Missouri Credit State as large as France, on establishing Union League in December 1971. artificial insemination cooperatives for Retirement--it is a word that conjures up HON. THOMAS F. EAGLETON both milk and beef producers: such gentle images as the creak of a rocking OF MISSOURI chair on a front porch swept with a summer Earl W. Grigg of Sunrise Beach, Mo., breeze, or at least nothing more strenuous IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES a former Farmland Industries construc­ than the idea of puttering in a garden. Re­ Tuesday, December 6, 1977 tion supervisor, who helped members of tirement is a time of peace and quiet, the a honey marketing co-op in Belize erect reward after a lifetime of bustle and pressure. Mr. EAGLETON. Mr. President, I call a steel building to house their processing Barker eschews that quiet image because your attention to the work of one of my equipment; and he prefers the bustle of life. His present life­ constituents who has three times volun­ A. H. Stephenson of Tuscumbia, Mo., style would be full for a man half his age, teered his skills and experience to ad­ but the seventy-year-old finds it satisfying former executive vice presiden~ of Farm­ and rewarding. His most gratifying experi­ vance self-help economic development land Industries, who advised Indonesia's overseas. I ask that the article, "Bud ences these past six years have been his director general of cooperatives on fer­ missions for the Volunteer Development Barker: International Volunteer," by Corps (VDC). Nancy C. Kaprelian, which appeared in tilizer distribution. The contributions of these Missourians In the months before his retirement from the September 1977 issue of the Missouri the Missouri League after four years as Courier, the monthly publication of and other VDC volunteers to economic assistant managing director and virtually Missouri Credit Union League, be printed development overseas is impressive. As after a lifetime of credit union work, he in the RECORD immediately following my Ms. Kaprelian says in her article, the co­ contemplated what he was going to do with statement. ops that sponsor VDC "want to make cer­ his retirement. He noticed a small article in tain that the cooperative technique of a credit union publication about the VDC. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without He felt that he would have the time now to objection, it is so ordered. economic organization is used and used effectively." devote to such volunteer work, so he wrote

threat. Our Army, Navy, Air Force and treaty or when we bought the land? Was allowed rioters or saboteurs to threaten it, Marines have always been equal to the it a bad deal for Panama? No one in the we would be able to issue a peaceful threat duties imposed upon them. history of the world ever got so much for to build another Canal somewhere else, such But if we sign the Panama treaties, we will such a worthless piece of real estate as Pan­ as Nicaragua. But if we ratify the Canal not be able to defend the Canal, because we ama got out of the deal. All we received was treaty, we bind ourselves not even to talk will have no Canal Zone to keep our enemies a little piece of land 10 miles wide by 50 to a third nation about building another five miles away, we will suffer the handicaps miles long. It was pest-ridden, mosquito-in­ Canal without the express approval of the I have previously described, we won't be able fested, and uninhabitable. But look what government of Panama. This is a hum111at­ to bring any reenforcements from the United Panama got out of the de.al. ing provision, a restriction of our sovereignty, States, and the Canal will be subject to First of all, the Panamanians got our guar­ and a giveaway of our trump card that could saboteurs who can come in close to the Canal antee of their independence. Panama had eliminate all threats to the Canal from itself. revolted 50 times against Columbia in the Panamanian agitation. The second moral issue is the matter of preceding 70 years. All those revolts were Third, we need the Canal for economic rea­ American property at the Canal and in the unsuccessful. By the 1903 treaty, the great sons. Thirty-five percent of the cargo that Canal Zone. The American people have United States of America pledged its honor goes through the Canal is destined for or poured $7 billion of the taxpayers' money to guarantee the independence of this little coming from the American ports. It is esti­ into the Canal and Zone. Does our Govern­ country. How lucky for the Panamanians! mated that by 1980, 45 percent of the oil ment have the right to simply give it away Secondly, Panama got the promise that drilled in Alaska will be going through the to some foreign country? we would build our Canal at Panama instead Canal headed for the East Coast of the The third moral question involved in the of Nicaragua. The American Isthmian Com­ United States. mission had officially recommended that we Panama Canal treaties ls the immorality of THE CARIBBEAN-A "RED LAKE?" Panama's dictator. We are not talking about build our Canal in Nicaragua, which was a giving the Canal to some great Latin Ameri­ better place, Closer to our country, and has Fourth, the giveaway of the U.S. Canal will can hero like Simon Bolivar. We are talking a more favorable climate and a deep lake give another beachhead in the Western Hem­ which would have made construction more about giving it to a dictator who is immoral, isphere to a pro-Communist government. economical. But Panama won out over Nica­ Congresswoman Leonor Sullivan, who was pro-Communist, who seized power in 1968, ragua by the 1903 treaty. threw out his own constitution, and who has the chairman of the Merchant Marine Com­ Third, Panama got more cash than we paid mittee that had direct charge over the su­ the worst record of human rights in all of for any land in all our history. Panama orig­ Latin America. He was never elected to any­ pervision of the Canal, said that turning the inally received $10 million in cash and has Canal over to Panama would turn the Carib­ thing. An organize. tion called Freedom House subsequently received a total of $70 m1llion rates countries on their record of human, bean into a "Red lake". She said that this in cash. This is far more, for example, than would be "the most serious mistake of this political and civil rights on a scale of 1-7, what we paid for Alaska. with 7 being the greatest violations of in­ century." Fourth, we cleaned up Panama. Encyclo­ Torrijos went to Cuba for a state visit dividual ri"'hts. Freedom House rates Panama pedias describe Panama in 1903 as one of the 7 in political rights and 6 in civil rights; and took a retinue of 200 Panamanians. The most disease-ridden areas in the entire world. Cuban embassy in Panama has an unusually that's the worst record of all Latin America. We spent the first two years wiping out the large r.taff. Torrijos is also a good friend of Panama is specifically rated "NF", which malaria, the yellow fever, and the rats that the Communist dictator who runs Libya. In stands for "Not a Free Country." carried the bubonic plague. We made it into the summer of 1977, Torrijos invited the So­ Torrijos' own brother is under an indict­ a healthful place to live. viet Union in to sign a trade agreement ment in New York for smuggling narcotics Finally, we poured in a tremendous invest­ allowing the Soviets to open a bank, to carry into the United States. The Justice Depart­ ment which has given Panama the highest on commercial dealings, and to occupy one ment has confirmed that several members standard of living in Central America and of the i.>ases formerly occupied by Americans. of Torrijos' family have been engag-ed in fourth highest in all of Latin America. The smuggling narcotics into the United States. It begins to look as though, as fast as the economic benefits that have flowed into United States moves out, the Soviets will WERE WE FAIR TO PANAMA? Panama, in addition to cash payments, have move in. When we discuss moral issues, for some been tremendous. Last year the economic We are told by the treaty proponents that reason many people are given to understand benefits totaled $243 million going into Pan­ the real issue is not who owns the Canal, but that we should have some kind of guilt com­ ama. whether the Canal will be kept open. That plex about the way we have treated Panama Some people try to tell us that our control is the best reason to reject the treaty. Our in the past. Let's discuss the question of of the Canal Zone is a vestige of colonialism record is completely clear. We have kept the justice to Panama. which we should eliminate in the 20th cen­ Canal open for 63 years. We have maintained Under the terms of the 1903 treaty, Pan­ tury, There is no parallel between our sov­ it as a major international strait on fair ama granted us the Canal Zone. Panama did ereignty over the Canal Zone and what is and even generous terms to the whole world. not lease us the Panama Canal Zone. The universally understood to be colonialism. The We operate it at low rates open to all coun­ term "grant" is used 14 times in the treaty. Canal Zone is not a colonial nation. We have tries except our enemies in time of war. The The terms "rent" or "lease" do not appear not imposed our culture on the people of U.S. Canal was really our gift to the world. even once. Panama granted us the exclusive Panama. We have our Canal Zone and the We have never taken any return on our use, occupation and control of the Canal Panamanians have their country, their dic­ capital investment. We have charged only Zone and all rights, power and authority as if tator, their laws, their culture, and what­ enough tolls to take care of current opera­ we were sovereign "to the entire exclusion ever they want. There is nothing exploitative tional expenses. of the exercise by the Republic of Panama about our relationship with Panama. We are Will Panama keep the Canal open? By the of any such sovereign rights power or au­ not taking out their natural resources. We terms of the treaty, Panama doesn't even thority." Some people have tried to make a are constantly pooring money and invest­ promise to keep the Canal open. Panama case out of the word "if" we were sovereign. ment in. specifically refused to have a treaty provision That agrument goes nowhere at all because, THE NATIONAL SECURITY ISSUES requiring them to keep the Canal open. All even if we don't have sovereignty, Panama they promise is that it will be "neutral." The still doesn't have it. The 1903 treaty specifi­ There are vital national security issues in­ volved in the new Panama Canal treaties. In Canal can just as well be neutral and closed, cally says that Panama has no sovereign as neutral and open. rights whatsoever. wartime, the Canal is essential to American What was the length of the time of the security. In World War II we were able to THE UNSTABLE PANAMA GOVERNMENT 1903 treaty's grant of sovereignty and title? close the Canal to German submarines and Look at the unreliability of the Panama­ It w.as "in perpetuity". The words "in per­ Japanese warships but allow our Navy to nian government. In the last 74 years Pan­ petuity" appear seven times in the 1903 go through. This was a tremendous military ama has had 59 chiefs of state. Since World treaty. asset. During the Vietnam War, 70 percent War II, Panama has had 13 changes of gov­ Our exclusive title and sovereignty over of the cargo that we sent to Vietnam went ernment, five of them violent. This present the Canal Zone were officially upheld bv the through the Canal. dictator seized power and threw out his own U.S. Supreme Court in the case of Wilson The Canal is also essential to us in peace­ constitution. And after 22 years, of course, v. Shaw in 1907, an1 again in a U.S. Court time. It enables us to have a much smaller total control wm go to this Panamanian of Appeals case in 1971. Navy then we would otherwise be required government. However, even before that, Pan­ Even if we did not acauire title to the to have. The Canal enables us to move our ama would acquire de facto control. Canal Zone by means of the l 903 treaty, we Navy back and forth quickly between the The administration of the Canal during acquired it anyway by virtue of our peaceful Atlantic and Pacific coasts. Of our 483 U.S. the next 22 years is set up on an unworkable possession of the land and display of sov­ Navy ships, 470 can go through the Canal. arrangement. It is to be governed by a Pan­ ereignty for more than 50 years. Interna­ Only 13 aircraft carriers cannot transit the ama Canal Commission with five Americans tional law sanctions the acquisition of sov­ Canal. and four Panamanians. For the first 12 years, ereignty for a period of time without obiec­ The Canal is almost as important to our we appoint the top administrator and they tions by other nations. We did exactly that national security in peacetime. Can we pro­ appoint the deputy administrator. At the for more than 50 years without any complaint tect it and keep it open? Yes-if we reject the end of 12 years, Panama appolnts the top from Panama. treaty. Our trump card would be that, if administrator and we appoint the second Were we unfair to Panama by the 1903 Panama. closed the Canal to our ships, or in command. December 6, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38627

In addition, there is a Consultative Com­ national aSEet which we paid f'Dr four times. will ever operate the Canal that way. The mission to advise on all aspects of the Canal, We paid Panama $70 million, we paid Colom­ Canal treaty violates this standard because on which there are to be an equal number ~i!l' $25 million, we paid the French $40 mil­ it wlll require at least a 50 percent increase · of Panamanians and Americans. Under the llon, and in ' additicn to that we bought off in the tolls in order to pay Panama the $85 treaty, Panama gets control of the Canal the private land owners. W;) invested $7 bil­ million a year it expects. Zone, where Panama's civil and criminal laws lion of the American taxpayers• money in the WHAT MUST BE DONE Canal which the treaty will turn over to will apply rather than American laws. Our task is to speak up and inform the We are required to give preferential hiring Panama, plus $82 million in buildings that we have erected in the Canal Zone American people on this vital issue. Ask your to Panamanians in the operation of the Senators and Congressmen if they are going Canal. We are required to accept Panama's But that is just the beginning. Look at the cash fiow that will go along with it. By the to force the American taxpayers to bail out professional licenses. Americans may remain the big bankers from their bad loans? Are in any jobs at the Canal a maximum of five terms of the treaty, Panama will get $10 mil­ lion in guaranteed cash. Panama will get an they going to force us to give away this price­ years. Even George Kennan has conceded the less asset paid for four times by the Ameri­ additional $10 million for police and fire impossibility of administering the Canal can taxpayers? Are they going to deal a jointly by two countries who have different protection and street cleaning, without promising any satisfactory level of per­ mighty blow to our military security and our cultures, different political systems, different economic prosperity? Are they going to force national goals, different technological abili­ formance. Panama will get 30 cents for every ton going through the Panama. Canal, esti­ the American taxpayers to finance another ties, and different temperaments. The ar­ Co_mmunist base in the Caribbean? Are they mated to total $50 million a year. Then Pan­ rangement will cause daily disagreements. Of gomg to force us to commit the immoral act course, George Kennan comes to the con­ ama will get an additional $10 million a year if revenues permit; but that is cumulative ?frisking American lives for the paper prom­ clusion ~hat we should give the Canal away Ise oJ a corrupt pro-Communist dictator? It right now. It is easy to see, that as we are and, if it is not paid one year, it must be paid makes no difference what type of cosmetic beset by daily disagreements, Americans the next. Then Panama will get another $5 surgery the Carter Administration or public would get wqrn out and conclude, "Let's get million a year in revenues from certain busi­ relations personnel may apply to the treat­ rid of it, we can't stand it any longer." ness transactions. This makes a total of $85 ies. The clear terms of the treaties represent Finally, we are told that we should sup­ million a year for 22 years. a sellout, a surrender, and a shakedown of port the Canal treaty because the Joint That isn't all. Then come the loans from the American interests from the first line to the Chiefs of Staff are for it. The firing of Gen­ American taxpayers. By the side agreements last. eral Singlaub in Korea shows clearly that the that go along with the treaties, the Admin­ Make it your personal resolution to make Joint Chiefs and every military officer on istration has promised to loan the Torrijos sure that the Canal treaties are defeated active duty will obey the policy of the Com­ regime $200 million from the Export-Import and that your Senators and Congressmen: mander-in-Chief, or find himself another Bank, $75 million from the Agency for Inter­ vote No. career. national Development, $20 million from the THE CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES Overseas Private Investment Corporation, and $50 million in military sales credits, There are also constitutional issues in­ SOVIET RUSSIA AFTER 60 YEARS volved in the Panama Canal treaties. Under making a total of $34:5 million guaranteed our Constitution, the treaty power is shared out of the United States Treasury. Add it all by the President and the Senate which must up and it comes to $2.2 billion in cash over give its advice and consent. The Senate gave the next 22 years, in addition to the capital HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO no advice whatsoever about the Canal trea­ asset that we would turn over. OF CALIFORNIA Why the great push to give Torrijos all this ties. The Senators were prevented from even IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES knowing the terms of the treaties until after cash in addition to the Canal and the land? they were signed on September 7, 1977. The polls show that about 80 percent of the Tuesday, December 6, 1977 Article 4, Section 3, of the Constitution American people are opposed to this give­ away. Where does the push come from? The Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, says, "The Congress shall have power to dis­ this November the Soviets celebrated the pose of and make all needful rules and regu­ answer is in a couple of ads run in the Wall lations respecting territory or other prop­ Street Journal in 1972 and 1973. Those ads 60th anniversary of the Bolshevik revo­ erty belonging to the United States." In identified ten of our country's largest banks lution. Henry Huglin, a retired Air Force other words, Congress, that is both Houses, which had loaned millions of dollars to the brigadier general and syndicated colum­ has the sole and exclusive right to give away Torrijos government in Panama. After 1972, nist on national security and interna­ American terri tory and American property. the banks accelerated their loans. The latest Federal Reserve Board figures show that tional affairs, has made some very rele­ Supreme Court cases have held that the vant observations about this occasion: President has even no right to negotiate American banks have loaned a total of $2.9 about the transfer of American property or billion to Panama. SOVIE'r RUSSIA AFTER 60 YEARS territory unless he has first been delegated The Panamanian government is now broke. (By Henry Huglin) that power by the Congress (consisting of Its credit is gone. The banks don't have a This month the Soviets are celebrating the both Houses) . President Carter was given no chance of collecting their bad loans. The 60th anniversary of the Bolshevik revolution such power by the Congress. Torrijos government is paying almost 40 which transformed Russia. from an absolute The third constitutional issue is the way percent of its national budget in debt serv­ monarchy into an absolute Marxist-Leninist the Canal treaty attempts to override the tax ice, that is, in interest on loans. By compari­ state. laws of the United States. Until this treaty son, the United States, with our huge na­ For half of the Soviet Union's existence came along, nobody ever would have thought tional debt, is paying only 7 percent of our our country has been deeply involved with that the President could sign a treaty with national budget in debt service. Any individ­ her in a prot1·acted geopolitical competition, some foreign country and rewrite the tax law ual or country that is paying almost 40 per­ conflict, and sometimes confrontation-for of this country. One provision of this treaty cent in interest is bankrupt. which there is no sure end in sight. gives total income tax and other tax ex­ How are those loans going to be paid back? It is highly important t hat we Americans emption to American citizens in the Canal How can they be paid back? There is no way p.erceive Soviet Russia in a realistic perspec­ Zone. It is not clear what is the purpose of unless Torrijos somehow gets access to the tive. Yet, for many o! us, the Soviet state this provision. It might be a little sweetener tolls or to money from the United States. remain<> much as Winston Churchhill char­ to get Canal Zone Americans to support the This is the reason for the tremendous push acterized it in 1939: "a riddle wrapped in a treaty or it might be to create a tax-free en­ from powerful and important people in our mystery inside an enigma." country to put over the Panama treaties in clave for certain favored people. In any event, H by now than has this is carried out. That means that Ameri­ to pay in increased shioping costs, they will the Soviet regime. cans living in the Canal Zone have no right take an entirely different look at the treaties. Because Soviet Russia is a superpower, two to criticize the treaty. Certainly Torri jos The Organization of American States passed major aspects of that society most trouble would consider any criticism incompatible a resolution in August 1977 saying that the our country and others. with the spirit of the treaty. tolls at the Panama Canal should reflect only The first is the hangup the Soviet leaders THE FINANCIAL ISSUES current operating costs and should not be a have that they must turn the rest of the Finally, there are maior financial issues monopoly source of revenue for the country world their way for them to be secure. Their involved in the treaty. The Canal is a great that is operating it. Only the United States seemingly ingrained ideological and geopo- 38628 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Dece1nber 6, 1977 litical expansionism-now backed by great DROUGHT RELIEF AND WATER Widespread use of such devices could and growing military power-has been and CONSERVATION ACT help to stimulate new industries as it has remains the most pervasive unsettling force in California, where over 26,000 jobs re­ in the world. lated to water conservation have been The other most troubling aspect is the na­ HON. GEORGE MILLER created in the past 2 years, and another ture of the regime. It is repressive and devoid OF CALIFORNIA of many of the human rights we and many 12,000 are anticipated. other peoples of the world hold dear. One of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Another recent study, by the prestig­ the reasons for this is that the regime has no Tuesday, December 6, 1977 ious Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, has true legitimacy; the people have no valid concluded that water conservation could choice at the ballot boxes except to act as Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. save significant amounts of water. I rubber stamps. Speaker, the severe drought which has would like to share these conclusions with In addition, the Soviets are highly skilled affected much of the Western United my colleagues, and invite them to join in misleading propaganda and in subversion States for 2 years appears to be continu­ and political manipulation-through Com­ me in sponsoring this legislation. ing, at least at the moment, into a third The article and bill follows: munist parties and sympathizers throughout year. The economic, social, and environ­ the world. And the effects ot· their foreign mental impacts of a third year of STUDY BY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABORATORY activities are more malevolent than benevo­ (By Linda Stephenson) lent. drought could be truly calamitous. I have frequently said that lack of Californians could reduce urban water Further, the Soviet regime has not created consumption by 40 percent if standard water a. system that is widely admired or emulated. rainfall is not the sole cause of drougl\t. conservation measures were instituted in the No country has adopted communisn1 by Poor planning, improper management, residential and industrial sectors, a recent choice of its people. And many of those out­ and wasteful consumption have contrib­ Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) study side Russia who are attracted to communism uted to the severe shortage of water shows. This savings in water consumption are bewitched by the impractical idealism throughout not only the West, but in would also result in sizable energy savings, expounded by Marx or Mao and not by its since energy is required to extract, convey, Soviet application. other areas of the Nation as well. Falling back on the traditional responses to purify and heat water prior to use, r.nd to Fortunately, the Soviets make mistakes, treat wastewater. suffer setbacks, and have great problems. short water supplies-the construction "The significant water savings potential Their system is highly inefficient. Despite of new dams and other storage and shown in this study indicates that conserva­ having over twice our land area and many transportation facilities-is no longer tion can be considered as an alternative to more people farming, they cannot consist­ acceptable any more than simply pro­ dam construction to protect against wat.1r ently produce enough food to be self-suffi­ ducing more oil and natural gas will scarcity," says LBL economist Peter Benen­ cient. In consumer products they are way be­ solve the energy crisis. We are fast son, author of the 77-page report on the hind the western world in quantity and qual­ study. The report is entitled "A Water Con­ ity. The regimentation, lack of incentive reaching the limits of the resources, and we must look to workable alternatives. servation Scenario for the Residential and awards for initiative and hard work, and Industrial Sectors in California·: Potential stultifying bureaucracy are millstones around The level of waste in our water usage Savings of Water and Related Energy." the Russians' necks. has been clearly documented, as has the Water consumption data in the study was Of course, when the Kremlin leaders want effectiveness of conservation programs. separated by various uses in residences, by to concentrate their resources and technical In northern California, residents are the largest water-consuming industries and talent, they can get good results. Tl;lis they compelled to save 25 percent of their by 11 geographical subregions of the state. particularly have done in their armaments The energy use associated with this water and space programs. usual water consumption because of the drought. In fact, most counties regis­ use was also estimated for surface and Major problems of the Soviets abroad are groundwater delivery, distribution, heating the undependab111ty of their satellites and tered far better records, and some even doubled the anticipated savings. and wastewater treatment. the weakening of their control, except where "In the Bay Area," the report states, "the their troops are present or nearby, as in east­ I am today reintroducing the Drought potential savings from water c'0nservat1on ern Europe. Tito's Yugoslavia defected in 1948 Relief and Water Conservation Act are greater than the amount of water which and Mao's China in 1959. And now the appar­ which would establish conservation as a would be delivered by the major planned ent growing independence of Communist par­ mand3.tory feature of the Federal water water projects for urban supply in the next ties, particularly in Italy, France, and program. The United States, through the 10 years. In the Los Angeles and San Diego Spain-the so-called Eurocommunism-is areas, the potential water savings from con­ causing the Soviets deep concern. Further, Bureau of Reclamation and other agen­ cies, delivers tens of billions of gallons servation measures exceed the short run some of their effort to gain influence and · groundwater overdraft in the Owens Valley." control through economic and m111tary aid of water per year to its customers. Yet, abroad, as in Egypt, have miserably failed. our management and pricing policies do The study, which was funded through the Yet, their persistent drive to expand ob­ nothing to encourage or mandate the San Francisco Operations Office of the De­ viously remains strong and menacing. partment of Energy, concludes that water most efficient use of that increasingly conservation potential should be included as How should we regard and deal with the precious resource. A recent study by the a key factor -in water supply planning. Ac­ Soviets? Well, warily, as we have been. General Accounting Office has estimated cording to the report, projects still on the Above all, we must not allow them to that a substantial portion of the feder­ drawing boards should be reassessed in terms achieve superiority in m111tary strength, be­ ally developed water, perhaps half, is of water conservation pote:1tial in the area cause that would give them the ab111ty to not used beneficially by the plants it is to be served. checkmate us and free them to act with im­ intended for. In terms of energy, reducing California punity in the world. Thus our long-term residential and industrial water use by 40 security would be jeopardized, as well as the Conservation can occur both residen­ percent would result in approximately 40 per­ security of many nations that depend on us. tillly and agriculturally. Residential cent reduction of energy consumption re­ Yet, we also need to continue patiently to conservation can be very inexpensive quired to deliver, heat, and treat that water, seek areas of cooperation, conciliation, and and effective. A study by the California according to Benenson. That represents a agreement-to reduce areas of tension and to Department of Water Resources has savings of two percent in overall statewide dampen down the arms race, the pace of estimated that retrofitting just· one­ electricity consumption and three percent in which is being clearly set by the Soviets. third of the residences in the State statewide natural gas consumption, he adds. In effect, we need to follow the general pol­ would result in a savings of 40 million The electricity savings would result in de­ icies that our country has followed for 30 gallons of water at a financial savings of creased consumption in nonrenewable fuels years, profiting from our mistakes, but main­ and decreased pollution emissions. taining our m111 tary and economic strengths, $4.38 million. The same reduction in "The estimated water savings potential diplomatic and technological dynamism, and water use would cut the consumption of outlined in this study is thought to be con­ our will to "'lleasure to the challenges we ~hall oil, which is used to transport and heat servative," says Benenson, "because several inevitably face. We've got "to hang in there." the water, by 1.67 million barrels costing water districts and industries have already Our long-term hope can primarily be that, · $25.1 million. reported far greater savings." Specifically, in if the Soviets continue to be thwarted in Nationally, the University of Califor­ 1977 California's Marin Municipal Water Dis­ their imperialist expansion ambitions, the nia at Davis has estimated that, over a trict and the East Bay Municipal Utility Dis­ dynamics of their internal problems will re­ trict have reported water savings for selected sult in a revolution or at least evolution of 10-year period, residential water users months of more than 50 percent of 1976 their society into one that is less reprasstve, could save $22.5 billion, and industries consumption. And at Lawrence Berkeley more democratic, non-imperialistic, and could save $52.3 billion. Yet the per home Laboratory the 1977 water consumption is hence more cooperative. But this may take cost could be as low as $2 for the installa­ 50 percent of what it was in 1976, according another 60 years or more. tion of aerators and flow-resting devices. to Lab officials. "A comparison of estimated December 6, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38629 savings potential with savings actually re­ ernment, and other public agencies are ell­ centum per ann urn and shall be made for ported shows that while the potential is at­ gible for loans under this section. periods not to exceed ten years. Repayment tainable, and in some cases has been ex­ (b) Loans under this section shall be made of loans under this section shall be made at ceeded, statewide only one-third of the con­ at rates of interest not to exceed 5 per cen­ such times, in such manner, and subject to servation potential derived in this study bas tum per annum and shall be made for pe­ such conditions as the Secretary may pre­ been reached," the report concludes. riods not to exceed ten years. Repayment of scribe. The study indicates that the 40 percent loans under this section shall be made at (c) (1) No loan under this section shall be savings in residential water use could be such times, in such manner, and subject to approved unless the Secretary has deter­ brought about by simple and inexpensive such conditions as the Secretary may pre­ mined that the entity receiving the loan has measures such as placing two quart plastic scribe. established such procedures and require­ bottles in a five-gallon toilet tank and re­ (c) A loan under this section shall be made ments respecting a program for the distribu­ ducing the average number of flushes a day upon approval of an application submitted tion and installation of water conservation from five to four; placing flow restrictors on by a local water district, unit of local gov­ devicez and equipment to be acquired with spigots and reducing showering time from an ernment, or other public agency which sup­ money received from the loan as the Secre­ average of five-and-a-half to four-and-a-half plies water to consumers. Such application t :uy considers appropriate to carry out the minutes; and using household grey water shall be in such form and manner, and shall purposes of this Act in an effective, fair, and for landscape watering. The study concludes provide such information, as the Secretary equitable manner. that exterior watering, toilet flushing, and may by rule require. (2) Such procedures and requirements bathing are the largest residential water uses, WATER CONSERVATION PLAN REQUffiEMENT FOR shall provide appropriate priorities for the and therefore conservation efforts in these FEDERAL WATER PURCHASERS distribution of such devices and equipment, considering the area in which such entity is areas would result in the largest savings. SEc. 3. (a) ( 1) The Secretary may not enter In industry, the study suggests that many located and the amount of water available into a new contract, or (except as provided in such area. of the projected savings could be effected in paragraph (2)) extend or renew an exist­ quickly and relatively inexpensively by ap­ (d) No loan under this section shall be ing contract, for the sale of water from any made to any general purpose unit of local plying housekeeping measures such as plug­ Federal reclamation project unless the pur­ ging leaks, taking water which is heated in government unless such unit has- chaser of such water under such contract ( 1) adopted a regulation or CTdinance industrial processes and cooling it for reuse, has adopted a water conservation program and taking water which has had its quality requiring that all new construction begun approved by the Secretary. after January 1, 1979, within the jurisdiction reduced and using it in processes that tolerate (2) The Secretary may extend or renew a lower quality water. of such unit shall be required to include contract in effect on the date of enactment appropriate water conservation devices; and The study points out that one of the main of this Act for the sale of water from any difficulties in relying on water conservation (2) adopted a plan for the retrofitting of Federal reclamation project if under such existing facilities owned or administered by is the possibility of sustained consumer re­ extension or renewal the Secretary will not sistance to behavioral change. This potential such unit with appropriate water conserva­ provide more than 85 per centum of the tion devices. resistance applies mainly to conservation amount of water provided under the terms measures that require continuous attention (e ) .Nothing in this section shall be con­ of such contract as in effect on the date of strued to require that distributi'on or instal­ to conserving a particular resource. However, enactment of this Act. large savings are possible from conservation (b ) The Secretary may not sell any sur­ lation of water conservation devices or equip­ measures that require only a one-time instal­ plus water to any contractor for water from ment be carried out by officers or employees lation of a technological device, the study any Federal reclamation project if such con­ of a local government agency. indicates. tractor has not adopted a water conserva­ (f) The Secretary may initiate the loan The study concludes that although con­ tion prouram aoproved by the Secretary. program authorized by this section on a servation cannot be relied upon with cer­ (c) Subsections (a) and (b) shall not demonstration basis in not less than five tainty as a water supply option equivalent to apply in any State in which loans under States. such States to be selected on the basis its full potential, it cannot be ignored as it section 4 are not available. of the acuteness of their water shortages in often has been in past water supply (d) ( 1) Subsections (a) and (b) shall take the previous two years and the likelihood of planning. effect at the end of the one-year period such a program having a significant effect on Copies of the report, LBL No. 6817, are beginning on the date of enactment of this the residential consumption of water within available from the Technical Information De­ Act. such States. partment, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, 1 (2) During such one-year period, any con­ MONITORING Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, Calif., 94720. tract for the sale of water from any Federal SEc 5 . (a) The Secretary shall monitor the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory is operated reclamation project entered into by the Sec­ operation of entities receiving loans under by the Universitv of California under con­ retary, and any exten"ion or renewal of any sections 2 and 4 of this Act through on-site tract with the U.S. Department of Energy. such contract, shall not be for a period of inspections and such other means as may be more than five years unless the purchaser effective to assure that the requirements of H .R.- of water under such contract has adopted a this Act are met. Mr. MILLER of California (for himself, water conservation program approved by (b) ( 1) Each entity receiving a loan under Mr. EDGAR, Mr. Moss, Mr. RICHMOND , Mr. the Secretary. this Act shall maintain such records as the RYAN , Mr. STARK, and Mr. VENTO) in­ WATER CONSERVATION LOAN PROGRAM Secretary may require. troduced the following bill; which was SEc. 4 (a) Upon the approval of an appli­ (2) The Secretary and the Comptroller referred to the Committee on Interior and cation of any general purpose unit of local General of the United States shall have Insular Affairs. government or of any local water district, access, for purposes of examination and A bill to establish a loan program to provide the Secretary may make loans to such unit audit, to any book, document, paper, infor­ financial assistance to drought-impacted or water district for purposes of acquisition, mation, and record pertaining to any loan water districts, to provide Federal assist­ distribution, and installation of certified made under this Act. ance to water districts for acquisition and residential water conservation devices and CERTIFICATION OF DEVICES installation of residential and agricultural certified agricultural water conservation SEc. 6 . The Secretary shall, upon applica­ water conservation devices and equipment, equipment to be installed in residences or tion of any manufacturer of a residential and for other purposes for agricultural purposes within the juris­ water conservation device (such as low flow Be it enacted by the Senate and House of diction of such unit or water district. and showerheads and flow restriction and toilet Representatives of the United States of for related technical and educational in­ tank displacement devices) , or of any i tern America in Congress a·ssembled, formation. An application for a loan under of agricultural water conservation equip­ SHORT TITLE this section shall describe- ment (such as materials for lining or enclos­ ( I) the number of residential units or the SECTION 1. This Act may be cited as the ing irrigation conveyances and drip irrigation Drought Relief and Water Conservation Act agricultural area in which such devices or equipment) , certify such device or item for equipment, as the case may be, will be in:.. purposes of section 4 if the Secretary deter­ of 1977". stalled; mines that such device or item- DROUGHT IMPACT RELIEF LOANS (2) the types and quantities of certified ( 1) is effective in reducing the consump­ SEc. 2. (a) The Secretary of the Interior ts water conservation devices and equipment tion of water in residential units or in agri­ authorized to make loans to any local water to be purchased, in whole or in part, with cultural use, as appropriate; and district, unit of local government, or other money received under this section; (2) meets such other requirement (includ­ public agency which supplies agricultural or (3) the amount of water which the entity ing requirements with re.soect to cost and municipal water to consumers if such water submitting the apolication estimaws will be quality) as may be prescribed by the Secre­ district, unit of local government, or other conserved following installation of such de­ tary. public agency has sustained or is likely to vices and equipment; and REPORT sustain a substantial reduction in income ( 4) such other information as the Secre­ due to a reduction in water consumption tary may by rule require in order to carry SEc. 7. The Secretary shall submit a report caused by drought. The Secretary shall by out the purposes of this Act. to the Congress on the operation of the loan rule prescribe standards for determining (b) Loans under this section shall be made programs authorized by this Act not later which local water districts, units of local gov- at rates of interest not to exceed 5 per than July 1, 1979. 38630 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1977

DEFINITIONS ing the arms and nuclear plants he' wants, the system during their working lives so SEc. 8. As used in this Act: and we lose tens of billions in trade, a rela­ that they will be guaranteed a source of in­ ( 1) The term "Secretary" means the Sec­ tively-assured source of oil, and a great deal come when they retire or become disabled. retary of the Interior. of potentially-important influence. The amount of benefits they get upon retire­ (2) The term "residences" means private President Carter has obviously taken the ment is related to the amount of money they homes apartment buildings, hotels, motels, prudent course to overlook or downplay the have paid in over their working years. At and ii~stitutional, retirement, and hospital drawbacks and doubts and to recognize the the same time, however, the social security facilities. key role the Shah can play in holding down system differs in major ways from an in­ (3) The term "State" means any of the further oil price increases and in promoting surance system. It is a pay-as-you-go system fifty States and the District of Columbia. stability in the vital Mideast oil region. with the taxes of each generation of workers But it was particularly ironical for Mr. financing the benefits of the previous gen­ Carter to be giving the Shah a warm recep­ eration. Furthermore, the amount of ben­ tion while sniffing the tear gas being used fits that a retired or disabled person re­ to break up the violence between the pro ceives is related only loosely to the taxes OUR TIES WITH IRAN and con demonstrators. The Shah hardly he pays. Those who emphasize the insurance passes the litmus test on human rights that nature of the system do not favor using the President has made, in theory at least, general federal revenues to shore up the HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO a majo;.- basis of his foreign policy dealings. social security system; benefits, they argue, OF CALIFORNIA And Iran is currently getting more arms should be paid from payroll taxes. Those from us than any other col,mtry-and now IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES who emphasize the welfare aspects of the more from the President who campaigned social security system favor financing at least Tuesday, December 6, 1977 to scale down such arms sales abroad. part of the benefits out of general revenues But we American consumers need to ap­ Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, since the income tax rate is more progressive preciate that, with our profligate use of oil, than the payroll tax rate. the Shah of Iran's recent visit is a timely we are contributing to our government's bind The social security system faces two fi­ reminder of international realities, espe­ over relations with such countries as Iran. nancing crises, one short -term and one long­ cially in regard to our energy demand. Instead of conserving energy we are mak­ term. The short-term crisis has been brought Retired Air Force Gen. Henry Huglin ing our country increasingly dependent on about by high rates of unemployment which explores several significant questions foreign oil sources. This is affecting our bal­ curtail social security revenues, and equally ance of payments problems, as well as forc­ high rates of inflation which cause increases pertaining to "Our Ties With Iran" in ing the government into action to insure the following article: in social security benefits. The House bill reliable sources of oil abroad. And Iran­ completely eliminates the deficit in the sys­ OUR TIES WITH IRAN not being an Arab country, and hence not tem brought on by these events through the (By Henry Huglin) likely to embargo shipments of oil to us or remainder of this century through a com­ Israel in case of another Mideast war, and bination of increases in employee and em­ The violence in Washington between the beCOming inc1·easingly dependent on us for Shah of Iran's supporters and opponents, ployer social security taxes. Had no action arms and other ·goods-is obviously being been taken by the Congress, two of the three during his recent state visit, focused atten­ tied to us, in major part, for oil-source se­ tion more than usual on the ties between curity reasons. trust funds within the system would have Iran and our country. run out of funds by 1983. The nub of our relationship-which As the result of our ties, our government The long-term financing crisis has primar­ stretches over three decades-is that Iran is does exert influence on the Shah. He has re­ ily been caused by the sharp decline in the viewed as a geopolitical keystone linking the cently moderated his regime's authoritarian­ birth rate along with an increase in average ism and he is helping keep stability in the Mideast and southern Asia and bulwarking life expectancy and a trend toward earlier Persian Gulf area. If he persuades the other retirement. These trends mean that the num­ an area coveted by the Soviets to control the oil exporting nations to forego price hikes, oil-rich Persian Gulf region. But another ber of people working and paying social se­ our government's realistic power politics will curity contributions in the future will be major factor now is access to the oil in Iran have achieved some specific payoffs. ltself. smaller in relation to the number drawing As the result of the great oil wealth now So, the recent visit of the Shah is a clear benefits. Consequently, the cost of the pro­ pouring in, the Iranian government, under reminder of international realities-and the gram per worker will rise. the dynamic drive of the autocratic Shah, impact of our voracious appetite for energy. A number of proposals to restore the fi­ is engaged in a huge, across-the-board, President Carter played the Shah's visit n encing balance of the social security sys­ highly-costly modernization pro·gram. In­ to the benefit of our overall national inter­ tem are under consideration. President Carter cluded is a major upgrading of Iranian ests, though at the cost of some further has proposed to move some of the burden armed forces, ostensibly for defense from dis1llusion over his circumvented pledges and from the payroll tax to the income tax by neighboring Russia and Iraq, but also to be­ policies, and to the dismay of the human using general revenues only when the na­ come the dominant power in the Persian rights crusaders, isolationist doves, and ivory­ tional unemoloyment rate exceeds 6 o/o and Gulf region. And the modernization pro­ tower idealists. only until 1982. He would remove the ce1ling gram further includes nuclear power re­ on the wage base on which employers pay actors, to take over energy production when social security ta 'l.es while retaining the ceil­ Iranian oil runs out. ing for employees. Both the House and the The Shah has made it clear that, if he REFINANCING SOCIAL SECURITY Senate have rejected anything but token cannot get from us the arms and nuclear funding from general revenues. The House plants he is determined to have, they will has retained the parity feature of equal con­ be gotten elsewhere. liON. LEE H. HAMILTON tributions by employer and employee. The A cause for concern is that, after the Senate, by a narrow margin, has aporoved an OF INDIANA end to the parity feature. Both House and Iranians are strongly armed, their geo­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES political goals may not remain so seemingly Senate bills would raise the tax rate beyond benign; and the nuclear reactors might be Tuesday, December 6, 1977 the higher levels already scheduled in the a step toward their making nuclear weapons law, although the Senate bill would raise it some day. Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I sooner and furth£>r. Both bills would raise the would like to insert my Washington Re­ wage base ce111ng, the House favoring an Also, to finance his overly-ambitious plans, earlier boost and the Senate raising the ceil­ the Shah led the move four years ago that port for December 7, 1977, into the CoN­ GRESSIONAL RECORD: tug much faster for employers than em­ quadrupled the price of oil-to the great ployees. Both b1lls would enable retirees to detriment of our economy and most of the REFINANCING SOCIAL SECURITY earn more money before they start losing others throughout the world. Now, though One of the most vexing questions before social security benefits. he has said that Iran will oppose an oil price the Congress is how to pay for the steadily rise in 1978. Both House and Senate bills are aimed at rising cost of social security benefits for eliminating the short-run deficit in the so­ Further, although much good has been the aged, the disabled and their dependents. cial security funds which result from recent accomolished for the Iranians with the mod­ The basic problem is that because of high recession and a long-run deficit which will ernization program, it has been done in an unemployment, improved benefits and the result from a lower birth rate, changed eco­ authoritarian way, with little respect for risin"' ratio of beneficiaries to workers, the nomic assumptions, and a faulty cost of liv­ human rights and democratic forms. syste':n has been spendint more than it takes ing adjustment mechanism that threatens to So, our government has had to face a in from payroll taxes. run wild in future years. dilemm::~.. If we don't deal with the Shah, As the Congress wrestles with solutions to No one likes to increase taxes but the Con­ as some critics are urging-because of his this problem, it debates whether the social gress really has no choice. Virtually every­ strict rule, or concerns over where the Iran­ security system should be considered an in­ one concedes that a tax boost is necessary ians' growing stren~th will lead and over surance system or a form of welfare. In many to put the social security trust fund back our possible involvement lf they get into a ways social security is similar to an ordinary in order. Unless something is done quickly war-we still don't prevent the Shah acquir- insurance program. Persons pay money into the system will go broke in the early 1980s. December 6, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38631 Hard decisions simply must be made in order vice president of Simon Gratz Home and a day now-the ceiling at which the admin­ to maintain a soundly financed social securi­ School A.ssociatio,n, minority business and istration hoped to keep imports, he said. ty system. Thirty-three million Americans job chairperson of the National Technical Both coal and nuclear power could meet (one out of seven) currently receive benefits Association, Inc., Democratic Associated America's growing energy needs, but nuclear and another 104 million Americans con­ Committeeman for the 11th Ward, 12th power holds the greatest potential, he said, tribute to the system. I know of no one who Division. particularly if a proposed licensing reform seriously advocates abandoning the system. Friends and neighbors describe Mr. Willis bill being drafted by the administration is To do so would be catastrophic for the en­ as "a very warm and pleasant person to know, approved. tire nation. and always concerned about the well-being In addition to the higher taxes, another of others and the progress that is being made unfortunate aspect of the social security bills by his fellow community citizens." INCREASE IN THE LUMP-SUM now under conside.:-ation is that they raise DEATH BENEFIT taxes at the very time when the need for major tax reductions are needed to assure the continuance of the economic recovery. ENERGY "JUST A COMMODITY" HON. JOSEPH A. LE FANTE Thus, positive moves must be made quickly in 1978 to provide tax relief in order to offset OF NEW JERSEY the impact of the social security measure. HON. ROBERT E. BADHAM IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF CALIFORNIA Tuesday, December 6, 1977 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. LE FANTE. Mr. Speaker, today I CITIZEN OF '1;'HE MONTH AWARD Tuesday, December 6, 1977 am introducing a bill which would in­ crease the amount of the lump-sum Mr. BADHAM. Mr. Speaker, the No­ death payment made under the Social HON. RAYMOND F. LEDERER vember 'J.') L<:mg Beach Independent Security Act. OF PENNSYLVANIA Press Telegram contained a story which Under current law, the lump-sum IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I would desire to have reprinted in the death benefit is equal to three times an RECORD because it demonstrates the Tuesday, December 6, 1977 individual's primary insurance amount, shocking lack of consistency and com­ or $255, whichever is smaller. My bill Mr. LEDERER. Mr. Speaker, it is with monsense, both of which are becoming amends the law to increase the amount the greatest pleasure that I have the increasingly associated with the admin­ to $750 in all cases. opportunity to present to my colleagues istration and the Department of Energy. The lump-sum death benefit is pay­ in the House of Representatives a news­ I said it is shocking because John F. able to the surviving spouse of a fully or paper account of the accomplishments of O'Leary, Deput.y Secretary of the new currently insured wage earner who was Mr. Grover C. Willis, recipient of the Department of Energy, is quoted as say­ living with the deceased at the time of Philadelphia Tribune-Pepsi Cola Citizen ing that it would neither be "sensible or death. Where there is no surviving of the Month Award. realistic" for our Nation to achieve en­ spouse, the lump-sum payment can be The account follows: ergy self-sufficiency. That and the bal­ made to any person or persons who paid [From the Philadelphia Tribune, Nov. 19, ance of the article certainly do not dem­ for the burial expenses. If the person re­ 1977] onstrate commonsense and further seem sponsible for payment of the burial ex­ CITIZEN OF MONTH IS MAN OF ACTION RATHER to be in direct conflict with the state­ penses agrees or if no one assumes re­ THAN WORDS ments of President, or at least candidate sponsibility for the burial expenses with­ (By Linn Washington) Carter, who has told us for 2 years now in 90 days, the lump-sum death payment The old saying that actions .speak louder we must strive to reduce imports. may be assigned directly to the funeral than words befits the winner of the Tribune's Deputy Secretary O'Leary said that he director. October Citizen of the Month award. expects almost a 60 percent increase in The lump-sum death payment was de­ Grover c. Willis was selected by a panel the already huge amount of imuorted oil. signed to help pay expenses which are of judges to receive the Pepsi Cola-Phila­ I hope my colleagues will read this article delphia Tribune Citizen of the Month award related to a wage earner's last illness and and was presented with an P.ngraved silver and develop a clear sense of where this death and is often used to pay for bowl during a luncheon given yesterday country should be going. I insert the ar­ funeral expenses. (Thursday) in his honor. ticle at this point: The $255 ceiling on the. amount pay­ An employee of the General Electric Com­ SELF-SUFFICIENCY DRIVE UNWISE, SAYS able for the lump-sum death benefit was pany and official of the National Technical O'LEARY: ENERGY "JUST A COMMODITY" set in 1954 and no increases in the bene­ Association, Mr. Willis replied with shy SAN FRANCISCO.-It WOUld be neither "sen- fit have been made since that time. Con­ modesty when asked by luncheon guests to Fible nor realistic" for the nation to achieve gress placed this $255 ceiling when describe his community accomplishments energy self-sufficiency, a top federal energy and prompting Tribune President Alfred official !'aid Monday. across-the-board increases in social se­ Morris to comment that he was a good ex­ "There's a great deal to be said for trade curity benefits were made so that the ample of actions speaking louder than words. back and forth," John F. O'Leary, deputy lump-sum death benefit did not exceed Willis is very active in his North Phila­ secretary of the new Department of Energy, reasonable funeral costs. delphia community and at the luncheon said. The $255 ceiling may have been rea­ complained to a reporter about efforts to get Ending fuel imports would not only be sonable in 1954 but inflation has eroded Conrail to cut the grass at a vacant station "very difficult," for the U.S. economy, he what this amount can cover over the in his neighborhood. said, but "from the standpoint of providing Over the summer, Mr. Willis' efforts trans­ dollar flows to developing nations, it would past 23 years and the amount has not formed a vacant trash-filled lot into a com­ be bad for their economies." kept pace with the increasing costs of munity garden. He personally took part in "I think within limits, energy is just an­ funerals. The lump-sum death benefit removing the debris from the lot which filled other commodity," said O'Leary, former ad­ of $255 now covers only a fraction of the four city trash trucks. After the lot was ministrator of the Federal Energy Adminis­ cost of a standard funeral. The National cleared, various vegetables were planted. Wil­ tration. "But when you talk about oil versus Funeral Directors Association in a 1977 lis said he had no problems with persons copper, for example you're talking about an vandalizing the garden because the com­ study found that the national average elephant versus a squirrel. expenditure for a funeral was $1,175. munity was involved with its upkeep. "It is so dominant, the dollar flows are so He also organized community co-op cara­ huge, it so outweighs other things" that it This figure does not include cemetary van trips to farms where persons could pick has to be treated as an exce't)tion and regu­ expenses, which would increase the aver­ their own fruits and vegetables. Both the lated more strictly than other imports, he age cost to $1,576 for all categories of garden and the co-ops were unqualified suc­ said. services. Expenses for the average indi­ cesses. Next year, there will be more gardens But, he added, "I don't think that drives gent funeral service amount to $438 not in his community. you to the conclusion that we ought to get including cemetery expenses. When cem­ Mr. Willis is a board member of the Black out of the trade business and become totally etery expenses are added on, the Political Forum and worked for the local self-sufficient," he said. Carter campaign during last year's presiden­ amount increases to $839 for a welfare In a speech to the Atomic Industrial For­ adult funeral. tial race. Since then, he has been active in um, O'Leary said he expects the energy pack­ voter registration and registered 125 persons age Congress approves to boost oil imports This large financial burden is placed for the just-passed election. to 9.5 million to 10 million barrels a day by on a surviving spouse at a time. when he Other of Willis' voluntary activities include 1985. That compares to six million barrels or she is least able to afford it or cope 38632 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 19 77 with it. Even though the surv1vmg tially agricultural structure, into an im­ Mr. Speaker, my world is a sadder spouse may receive survivors' benefits, portant-exporter of hydroelectric energy. place today without Raymond Vocate. these benefits ·are not necessarily ade­ The Yacyreta dam will produce 5 million quate or timely enough to cover the kilowatts, Corpus 7 million kilowatts, and financial hardships related to immedi­ Itaipu 12 million kilowatts. Thus, Para­ BRING BACK THE MELTING POT ate needs such as funeral expenses and guay will be in a positioJ.1 of potential medical bills resulting from the illness in a world with daily increasing needs HON. BALTASAR CORRADA and death of a spouse. for energy. OF PUERTO RICO Increasing the lump-sum death bene­ ' Leading Paraguay in this prosperity is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fit at this time to $750 is certainly justi­ a realistic, practical and energetic man, fiable and is within the intent of keeping who through his foresight has trans­ Tuesday, December 6, 1977 benefits at an amount which does not formed his nation into a land of peace, Mr. CORRADA. Mr. Speaker, the De­ exceed reasonable funeral costs. prosperity· and progress. President Al­ cember 5 issue of U.S. News & World Re­ The text of the bill follows: fredo Stroessner has encouraged busi­ port carries an editorial titled "Bring H.R.- ness in Paraguay and restored optimism Back the Melting Pot," extolling the vir­ A bill to amend title II of the Social Security and hope to its people. The country now tues of the assimilated American stereo­ Act to increase to $750 in all cases the has an excellent merchant fleet, airlines, type, and incisively attacking the concept amount of the lump-sum death payment schools, and modern hospitals. of bilingual education and the extent of thereunder Paraguay continues to · be a peaceful our Federal commitment. As you know, Be it enacted by the Senate and House country where people are safe to walk the Education and Labor Committee will of Representatives of the United States of be actively considering the reauthoriza­ America in Congress assembled, That sec­ the streets day and night. They have also tion 202 ( i) of the Social Security Act is maintained a strong defense, and re­ tion of the Elementary and Secondary amended by striking out "an amount equal sisted all Communist inroads. Through Education Act, including title VII emphasize multi-family URBAN HARDSHIP homes, not just garden apartment but row­ basic reasons why the suburban r.esident houses and cluster dwellings, rather than the (Central cities vs. suburbs: Excerpts from should care about the central cities. The single-detached family dwelling. remarks of Richard P. Nathan) first of these reasons is humanitarian. Wouldn't it be a great idea from here on One of the themes that we developed in Now the second reason is much more prac­ out if we concentrated on the least expen.,ive, the research that we've done at the Brook­ tical, and it is the economic reason. Why most sensible form of saving energy on travel ings Institute, looking nationally at the should the suburbs care about the central and transportation, namely good city plan­ problems and conditions of America's cities, city. They should care about the central ning so that by and large people live near is that the nation does not have a single city because the region as a whole, the Cleve­ where they work, where they worship and national urban crisis. land metropolitan region is very greatly af­ where they shop. One of the themes of my research and of fected by thP. conditions of its inner city. While we are at it, our localities, yours and these remarks will be that cities are differ­ So at one end nationally, you have the mine, ought to consider getting ri.eir cooks off to school at made up of three squadrons in Colorado, the American base at Soesterberg near but then proceeded to rear 56 other New Mexico and Texas. (The Netherlands de­ Utrecht to learn to frv bacon and eggs for children for varying periods of time. ployment utilized only the Colorado and the Yanks. Thev realized the Americans I can add nothing to the story, which New Mexico units because the Texas squad­ would have a dimcult time with the usu'll is without question one of the most elo­ ron flies a different type of fighter, the older Dutch breakfast fare of sliced cheese and quent and poignant I have ever read, ex­ F-100, for which there was no task assigned blood-sausage cold cuts.) in Operation Cold Fire.) Col. Verne Marooney of Denver, wing di­ cept perhaps this: Through their selfiess love, The concept of a citizen-soldier guards­ rector of logistics and chief of maintenance they have been able to do what man-who during the week may be lawyer, for the Colorado Air Guard, summed up the hundreds of Government programs have butcher, baker, hairstylist, accountant or three-week exercise: not-save the spiritual, emotional, and supermarket checker-is not new. It goes "The integration with the Dutch in the intellectual lives of abandoned and back to the days of Lexington and Concord. various command, control and maintenance homeless children. Would that there But in the Air Guard's flrst deployment ever functions went more smoothly than anyone were more people like the Durhams. to the Netherlands, several new concepts could have reasonably expected. Anything we Text of article follows: were added. Women played a signiflcant role, needed and didn't have, the Dutch got for moving into the jobs they had been trained us immediately. THEY'VE CARED FOR AND LOVED 56 FoSTER CHILDREN for one weekend each month at Buckley "We flew 368 sorties-853 hours in 15 flying Field, specializing in such varied fields as in­ days with 18 aircraft. Our in-commission (By Fran Bernard) telligence, operations, photography and sup­ rate of fully combat ready aircraft was 95.8 One by one, the children wake up from ply. (Undoubtedly, the next time the Guard per cent for the total operation." their naps and come out to the living room 38640 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1977 where the "Foster Parents of the Year" are The second baby, they had almost three ooy who has been physically and emotion­ being interviewed. ye·ars._They still can't talk about the day she ally hurt over and over again by adults. A three-year-old little bit of a girl crawls left. "He asked why it was bad for him to tell up cin Wilbur Durham's lap and settles Angel was next. a lie and not bad for grown-ups. In other sleepily in his arms for a few minutes, looks She was four days old when they got her words, he's been hurt and lied to so much he up at him and holds out her new red shoes from the hospital. The mother didn't want just can't understand." for him to put on. her, wouldn't even look at her, wouldn't Durham is gone during the day at his job A four-year-old girl, ribbons in her hair, name her. at the Pennington Equipment Company, but dances across the floor, quickly followed by "They just called her Baby Girl, so we weekends he takes over and his wife takes off. another four-year-old. named her Angel," Mrs. Durham says, re­ "I get my hair set and go shopping for the They run right to Mary Durham, "Grand­ membering. "She had a harelip, but after children and get out of the house,'' she says. ma," for permission to go out to play In the plastic surgery she was beautiful. "He does all the grocery shopping and all the big back yard. But it's raining, so she tells "At seven months, they adopted her out. cooking and leaves me free. Maybe on the them to stay In and they head for the play­ "I told them, don't bring me any more, I spur of the moment I'll take four or five of room at the back of the house where two can't stand this. the children out to dinner. boys, ages 6 and 7, are already settled in "Daddy went to the hospital with a kidney "I've taken off as long as a weekend and front of the tiny table television set playing condition that flared up. The whole house­ left him four babies in cribs. He's just as good a game. hold was upset. But within two weeks, I was as any woman and better than some." The babies wake up last. on the phone telllng them to bring someone The Durham's own children are now 28, 27, First, a chunky blond 16-month-old boy else." 24, and 20. They help immensely and always hungry for his milk. Then a falrhalred 17- A two-year old who was an epileptic is have. The married daughters come in and month-old girl, who circles the coffee table another lump-in-the-throat memory. "take over the household" periodically, giving picking up first one thing, then another, to "He shaved with Daddy the morning we up their own vacations to allow their mother touch and feel. took him back to his parents. He had his own to get away on trips to Hawaii and the Carib­ She's blind, you see. little shaver. When we got in the car, he kept bean, for Instance. When "Grandpa" picks her up, she explores saying 'I'll be back, Daddy, I'll be back.' "She likes to go, and I like to stay home-," his face, pulllng at his nose and patting his They almost adopted one little boy they says Durham, grinning at his wife. cheeks, comfortable in h is anns, content in had for three years. "Gino," they called him, The Durhams have four grandchildren her environment as all seven seem to be. although that wasn't his real name. they've helped raise, also. The latest is just In a way, they're lucky children. He ran a continuous temperature, and they over a month old, and his mother is going At least for now, they're in a foster home took him to hospitals in St. Louis and Chi­ i:>acY. to work Monday. where there's love and good care and a full cago trying to find out why. He had a large The baby is already used to the crib at the measure of devotion to their well-being. head but was not hydrocephalic. "He was foot of their bed. Wilbur and Mary Durham, 1820 E. Keys, so sweet and such a pretty baby, but nobody "The grandchildren are here with the foster have cared for 56 foster children, plus four wanted to adopt him. We .asked for him." children daytimes," Mrs. Durham says. "They of their own, since 1962 when they were The agency said wait a year, and two all have their birthday parties together. We licensed by the State of Illinois Department months before the year was up he was have birthday parties all the time here." of Children and Family Services as foster adopted. The New Year's Eve party is the mostfun. parents. "They never brought him back to see us. The children take a late nap so they can see Although presently they have just seven, "They couldn't, the ties were so close they the New Year in, and they have paper hats they're licensed for eight and through the were afraid." and horns and pans to bang on. "Daddy fixes years have generally had eight children in Two black babies they took when the girl hors d'oeuvres on a big tray on the coffee placement at a time. was four months and the boy seven months table and, we open the couch up into a bed They were not easy-to-place children. were with them the longest-five years. so the children can watch television until They were Mongoloid, retarded, hyper­ When they were ready for school, the Our­ they fall asleep. Some of them don't quite active, physically handicapped, terminally lll, hams knew Fairview school wasn't read for make it until midnight . . .. abused and neglected children. mixed classes, so they asked the agency to "The grandchildren come, too. You know "I remember once the agency told me, take them and place them In black homes. the younger set likes to go out, and we don't 'Mary, you've got a perfectly normal baby "To this day, one of them still calls me care about it.'' this time,' and that one turned out to be Mother." Money is a problem for any ordinary fam­ my crossest baby," says Mrs. Durham, with They're called "Grandma" and "Grandpa" ily, and the Durhams spend far more on the a smile. usually, she explains. children than th~y receive in subsidies from She's never asked for any recognition for That way the children are ready to accept the state. her years as a foster parent, nor has her e. new mother and father more easily. For an infant, a foster family gets $96 husband. A careful procedure is followed to help the monthly for board and $10 for clothes. For But Friday and Saturday, statewide recog­ foster children prepare for return to their ages 3 to 5, it's $95 for board and $16 for nition will be theirs. biological parents or to a new mommy and clothes. And from age 5 to 9, it goes up to The Child Care Association of Illinois will daddy through adoption. $100.50 for board, $18 for clothes, and 3.50 present them with an award as the "Foster First, the adoptive parents-to-be come to a month for personal allowance for the child. Parents of the Year" at the 1977 fall work­ the Durham's modest home to meet the child Any parent who has tried to buy a pair of shops in Rockford. and them. After two or three visits, the child children's shoes in the last year can appre­ "I'm scared to death," says Mary Durham. begins to recognize them and feel famlliar ciate the difficulty of stretching that amount "I won't know what to do." toward them. of money to cover needs. Her husband just smiles and says softly, Next, the people take the child for out-of­ "I usually have clothing on hand when a "She'll do all right. She always has." the-house visits. It may be just over to the child is brought to me,'' Mrs. Durham says. Mary Durham always wanted a big family. nearby Dairy Queen, and it may be for a very She has to. Many times the call comes in She grew up In the orphanage at Alton short time. the middle of the night. A baby is abandoned, where "everyone was responsible for everyone The next step is an overnight visit at the or abused to the point the police are called, else." people's home and maybe then a weekend, and the authorities know they can turn to Before she left at the age of 15, she was depending on how the child responds. the Durhams any time of day or night. responsible for 23 little girls, seeing to it they "And then I take him to the home and The Durhams have four cribs in one small got to chapel, to meals, and to classes neat leave him for a day so he can get used to my bedroom presently, plus the small size crib and clean and on time. And she came home leaving," Mrs. Durham explains. "All of this in their room and a trundle bed for the boys. to a household that included two small half­ time we're talking to him, tell1ng him that They have five extra beds in the garage and, brothers to help raise. one of these days he'll get to stay with his for emergencies, can open up the living room She married Wilbur Durham 30 years ago new mommy and daddy and won't come back. couch. and within the next ten years they had four "The children accept it, but it takes time." They've added an enormous playroom on babies, two girls and two boys. When the day finally arrives, the Durhams the back of the house, and the back yard in She was 41 when the last one was born, and make it a big day. There's always a party be­ their double lot has two swing sets, a jungle she started watching other children along fore it's time to get in the car and take the gym, a good basketball court, and even a big with her own. A natural thing to do from her child to his new home. tank for a swimming pool. viewpoint ... "But I can't say that last good-by,'' she "It's a way of life," muses Durham. But, she found she had to have a license to admits and Wilbur Durham adds "Some you Mary Durham has literally saved the life watch children. get closer to th~;~on others, especially if you'V'e of more than one foster child In her care. The Department of Children and Family had them quite a while." One with serious brain damage had a col­ Services did a study on her home, asked If Wilbur Durham is every bit as involved lapsed esophagus, complicated by a case of she would consider going into foster care, and as his wife with the foster care program. thrush. He had to be fed by teaspoon every she agreed with the support and encourage­ He is a quiet, gentle man, a "gentleman" hour. Another child, a black boy, was re­ ment of her husband. in the true sense of the word. He shakes his tarded and blind and In braces. Caring for the children was easy. head in wonderment as he tells of a remark A severely abused child described by the · Losing them to adoption, the heartbreak. the 7-year-old boy made recent to him, a doctors as being in a terminal condition was December 6, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38641 brought back to health by the Durhams, and apply for "Medicare A" to bolster his insur­ ERY, Mr. PERKINS, Mr. QUIE, Mr. ROBIN­ another with bronchitis that caused him to ance benefits, had neither Medicare "A" and SON, Mr. SANTINI, Mr. WAGGONNER, Mr. be tube-fed was rushed to the hospital more "B". HIGHTOWER, and Mr. CHAPPELL. H.R. than once after completely stopping breath­ When he went into the Oceanside office to ing. apply for Medicare "A" only, he was told 6937 is presently before the Department Dr. D. J. Mauro taught Mrs. Durham how that because of a Supreme Court decision Investigations, Oversight and Research to use a stethoscope after she finally bought last March (obviously a result of ERA), he Subcommittee of the House Agriculture one herself. "Dr Mauro worked with me and also was entitled to Social Security payments Committee. taught me so much," she says gratefully. "I on his wife's membership, and he was pressed Mr. Speaker, several horse organiza­ learned how to listen for signs of pneumonia to fill out an application for it, although he tions have also endorsed the bill. The and bronchitis, and he always believed me told the clerk he only wanted Medicare "A". American Horse Council, and its more when I called him." Saturday he received a check from Social than 80 affiliated associations, is one of She sought training from the hospitals and Security for more than $950 (I believe it was from Hope School and Aid to Retarded Chil­ $954.00). He showed me the check for his the bill's main backers. dren to better enable her to care for the payments back to March 1977. He was visibly Disease control constitutes an impor­ children. embarrassed because he said he did not feel tant element of the bill. To promote And she kept dally records on each child's entitled to it. He said he is getting enough health research and insure adequate pro­ progress which provided valuable assistance to get by, which was all he felt entitled to. duction of vaccines during outbreaks of in diagnosing and treating the complicated I asked him if I might write to you about equine diseases, information as to the medical problems of her charges. this example of why Social Security is fast number and location of the Nation's She's 60 years old now and says she's try- going !Jankrupt, and he said "yes" and that horses is essential. Without this knowl­ ing to retire. I could use his name in writing. "But our work isn't finished," she insists. At !irst he felt like returning the check edge, these diseases can rapidly spread, Her husband nods in agreement. and then he thought if it was the law and severely reducing the horse population. "Remember not long ago when we got others received it, it would be a futile ges­ An accurate census is also needed to down to three," he says, "and we thought it ture to return it. guide the industry in marketing and would be a good time to kind of phase out. I thought you might be interested, and other decisions. The horse industry is But the next thing we knew, three came back it would add strength to your case for uni­ constantly expanding. Horse owners and then a phone call came in the middle of versal membership in Social Security. spend more than $7 billion per year on the night ... f:>incerely, feed, upkeep, equipment, and services for "How could we say no?" GRACE E. WHITE. No wonder Wilbur and Mary Durham are P.S.-In addition to your Contract of the their horses, and their combined annual "Foster Parents of the Year." Month (in ycur Congressional Update of investments and expenditures exceeds $13 November 14, 1977), I would like to add the billion. Award of the Year-the more than $6000 The need for the legislation is· shown Art Award given to the woman who discov­ by the service that horses provide as one SOCIAL SECURITY ered that crepe paper was more artistic in falling than toilet paper when thrown from of our country's greatest sources of rec­ an airplane I Henceforth, I think all money reation and entertainment. There are HON. ROBERT E. BADHAM to encourage art should be deleted from the now over 320,000 young people involved in 4-H horse projects. Over 3,300 horse OF CALIFORNIA budget. Also all money for Women's Inter­ national Year should be deleted. It is obvi­ shows drew more than 112 million spec­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ously only a radical "Women's Lib" domi­ tators in 1975 alone. Horse racing re­ Tuesday, December 6, 1977 nated organization, not endorsed by the mained the number one spectator sport majority of American women. for the 24th consecutive year, with over Mr. BADHAM. Mr. Speaker, with all Thanks for listening. the emotional debate of a few weeks ago 78.5 million people attending races in revolving around universal coverage of 1975. the social security program, we heard the The bill would authorize the Secretary of Agriculture to take a count of the emotional outcries of the proponents of HORSE CENSUS III the Fisher amendment to eliminate all Nation's horses in 1978 and every fol­ public employees saying that their bene­ lowing year. The census will include the fits would be reduced. HON. JOHN BRECKINRIDGE national total of all horses and detailed Mr. Speaker, you and I and the Mem­ OF KENTUCKY information for one-third of the States bers of this House know that in reality IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES each year, on a rotating 3-year cycle. All no one's benefits were going to be re­ the data obtained from the census would duced. To the contrary, we would have Tuesday, December 6, 1977 be published, annually and cumulatively, required paying into the social security Mr. BRECKINRIDGE. Mr. Speaker, for the public's information and use. system all those but only those who on April 4, I introduced H.R. 5935, di­ Mr. Speaker, the Kentucky Horse would potentially receive an eventual recting the Secretary of Agriculture to Council has conducted-in concert with benefit. conduct a horse census starting in 1978, the USDA-a preliminary report on the I received a letter from a constituent and reintroduced the bill on May 5, H.R. number of equines in our State. Our Ken­ of mine which graphically illustrates 6937, to amend its provisions by provid­ tucky Horse Council has been a prime part of the ftagrant abuse of the social ing for a $1.25 million authorization mover and innovator in sparking interest security system. This letter demonstrates annually, beginning in fiscal year 1978. in a horse census. I should like to insert not the greed of Federal employees but This change refiects the opinion of the a copy of a press release dated Septem­ rather the situation of employees of the Statistical Reporting Service of USDA ber 14. 1977, from the Kentucky Horse system forcing almost unwanted dollars to the effect that an accurate national Council, outlining their efforts in count­ on embarrassed citizens. census count of equines can be achieved ing equines. If this situation is repeated many within this funding level in one-third of The Kentucky Horse Council's press times, it is clear to see. how the system the States, annually, for the ensuing release follows: is going broke. The cure for this is uni­ 3-year period. KENTUCKY REPORTS OVER 200,000 EQUINES versal coverage. Mr. Speaker, in the 7 months since the The Kentucky Horse Council, the U.S. The letter follows: horse census bill was introduced, hun­ Department of Agriculture's Kentucky Crop DEAR BoB: An incident occurred yesterday dreds of organizations, businesses, and and Livestock Reporting Service, and the which makes me appreciate much more what individuals involved with horses in the Kentucky Department of Agriculture have you said Friday evening about "universal" United States have written to me ex­ jointly released a preliminary report on the membership in Social Security being the an­ pressing the need for, and their support size and makeup of the Kentucky equine swer to Social Security problems. of, this legislation. industry. My next door neighbor came over yester­ Support for the bill has grown in the The report, a two-page summary of major day to tell me about his experience with House and since it was first introduced; findings enumerated by the 1977 Kentucky SS.I. He is retired from the U.S. Postal Serv­ Equine Survey conducted by the Kentucky ice and as such, gets an adequate retire­ there are now 14 cosponsors, including Crop and Livestock Reporting Service, indi­ ment income, and his wife is retired on So­ Mr. ELIGIO DE LA GARZA of Texas, chair­ cates that as of May 1, 1977 there were an cial Security. His insurance company repre­ man of the subcommittee, Mr. CARTER, estimated 204,000 equines in the state. Light sentative (also a P .O. retirement benefit) told Mr. ENGLISH, Mr. GooDLING, Mr. JEN­ and draft horses represented 74.3 percent of him to go tnto the Social Security office and RETTE, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. MONTGOM- this total or 151,500. Ponies accounted for 38642 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 6, 1977 41,500 head and mules and donkeys totaled ergy bill will cost the American taxpayers other $1.383 billion in taxes on top of a surprising 11,000 head. $1.383 billion in 1985-and this commit­ everything else. Pleasure riding was the largest use cate­ tee anticipates that no energy savings gory, with 94,000 equines owned primarily Let us stop assaulting the taxpayer, or for recreational enjoyment. will result because of the repeal. they just might assault back! Throughout history, Kentucky has been Permit me to cite a glaring example of known primarily as a breeding state--the why it is important for the taxpayers to state's prominence as the horse center of the continue this personal deduction: nation developing because of the quality of Last Thursday, at 1 minute after NEED TO INCREASE THE STAFF OF the animals born and raised within its midnight, the total taxes on a gallon of THE FARMERS HOME ADMINIS­ borders. It is not surprising then that the gas purchased in the six-county Chicago TRATION next largest use category is that of equines area increased to the highest in the Na­ held primarily for breeding purposes, which includes 38,000 head. tion with the imposition of a 5 percent HON. LES AuCOIN regional transit authority gasoline tax. Although mechanization came to farming OF OREGON long ago and was partially responsible for Cook County residents now pay as high the rapid decrease in the number of horses as 20 cents tax for each gallon of gaso­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in the United States in the second quarter line they purchase. Tuesday, December 6, 1977 of the twentieth century, the steep hills and ·-Chicago area residents are angry about specialized farming in Kentucky have tended the RTA tax-5 percent on top of all the Mr. AuCOIN. Mr. Speaker, I would to keep the work horse and mule a vital part like to enter into the RECORD today a of today's equine industry. About 24,000 other Federal, State, and local taxes they letter I wrote, which has been signed by head are used as some sort of work animal. pay on gasoline. Their one meagre con­ 51 other Congressmen, urging Pr-esident It is not an uncommon sight when traveling solation was in knowing they would have Carter to allow an increase in the staff through Kentucky to see. for example, a the option of deducting State and local of the Farmers Home Administration. work horse or mule harnessed to a plow gasoline taxes when income tax time Additional staff are absolutely essential threading its way through rows of close rolls around next year. Of course, even growing tobacco. this is no help to those who do not item­ if the current employees are to success­ An almost equal number of Kentucky ize the deductions. fully meet the challenges of expanded equines are used mainly for show or racing, programs so that more houses, industry, 20,000 and 19,700 head respectively. The Residents of the six-county Chicago and jobs will be created for the increas­ remaining 8,300 head are used in a variety area are still reeling from the RTA ing rural population. of other ways, some of which may eventually 5-percent tax. Wait until they :find out The letter follows: overlap into the major use categories when what else is in store for them as a result U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, the final analysis of the Kentucky Equine of the President's energy tax bill! Washington, D.C., November 9, 1977. Survey is completed. Last August when this body debated Hen. JAMES EARL CARTER, A formal publication wm be prepared and the National Energy Act, some of us con­ The White House, Washington, D.C. published later in the year and will also cluded the administration's proposals DEAR PRESIDENT CARTER~ We write With include information on the location of were a one-way ticket to economic dis­ deep concern about the future of Rural equines in the state, the number of horses America, a concern we know you share. Few by breed, the acreage associated with the aster, failing to address the vital ques­ tion of energy production, while using federal agencies are more important to t·he Kentucky equine industry, and the number economic well-being of rural areas of our of equine operations by type. the Federal tax code as the primary ele­ country than the Farmers Home Adminis­ Copies of the preliminary report are avan­ ment of a national energy strategy. It tration (FmHA). able from either the USDA Statistical was a tax revenue program then and it is The FmHA is a major source of "Credit for Reporting Service, P.O. Box 1120, Louisville, a tax revenue program now, wherein the a wide range of rural needs-for farmers, Kentucky 40201 or the Kentucky Horse administration will set the price and dis­ small communities, businesses and, of Council, P.O. Box 11992, Lexington, Ken­ tribute the proceeds politically. course. those who lack decent housing. The tucky 40511. FmHA is uniquely suited to the special Mr. Speaker, we express our sympathy credit needs of rural areas because it pro­ for every endangered species except vides direct service from locally based people one-the battered and bruised taxpayer. in over 1,780 omces. THE TAXPAYERS ARE SUFFOCATING Unless some constructive concern is ex­ In addition, it provides direct loans in ercised by those who impose these taxes, most of its programs, thus assuring lower instead of solving our problems, we will costs for the consumer. Today, the FmHA is compound them and cause even more the largest direct lending federal agency, HON. HENRY J. HYDE making more than 250,000 loans and grants OF ILLINOIS erosion of public confidence in our system valued around $7 bUlion in FY 1977. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of government. After years of a steady loss in population The National Energy Act will represent in.rural areas, the first reversal in that trend Tuesday, December 6, 1977 the most significant increase in middle is now apparent. As a result, the programs Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, a very tiny America's tax burden in our Nation's of FmHA are more important than ever to portion of the President's National En­ history. Following on the heels of heavy assure that new business and industry will ergy Act-Mr. Carter's "moral equivalent increases in social security taxes, it could be created, that the essential water and sewer be catastrophic. fac111ties wm be made available, that small of war," is likely to complete the suffoca­ farmers will be able to prosper and that low tion of the already gasping taxpayer. The American people are frustrated. and moderate-income rural people will be Buried in the midst of the President's All they see is higher prices and more decently housed. energy proposal is a section repealing the taxes. This Congress will only add to Of particular significance in light of the personal income tax deduction for State their burdens by forcing upon them this high unemployment and increasing popula­ and local government taxes imposed on gigantic tax increase bill. tion in Rural America is the dramatic im­ pact of FmHA programs on the creation of gasoline, diesel fuel and other motor There is still time to take the only jobs. For example, the National Association fuels used for nonbusiness purposes, ef­ prudent course-scrap the National En­ of Home BuUders estimates that every new fective for purchases after December 31, ergy Act and start over. History will look house generates two person years of em­ 1977. more kindly upon the 95th Congress if we ployment. Mr. President, the jobs generated The Ad Hoc Committee on Energy and exercise more judgment and less ideology by FmHA are not phony ones-they are the Ways and Means Committee rubber­ in determining the course of our energy real, productive employment. policy. Department of Agriculture figures indi­ stamped repeal of this deduction. The cate that in 1976 FmHA farming, housing Democratic-dominated Rules Committee Consider the taxpayers who must foot and community services programs created only allowed debate and votes on certain the bills for whatever we do. At the very and saved more than 1 m1llion jobs in Rural amendments last August when this body least, we should retain the personal de­ America. considered the bill, and predictably, pre­ duction for State and local gasoline Congress has recognized the importance vented debate and vote on the Republi­ taxes. of FmHA to Rural America by steady and can alternative which continued the per­ substantial increases in the funding levelS I call upon my colleagues to join me for the Agency's programs. Congress also has sonal deduction. in personally contacting the conferees recognized that a multipllcity of important According to projections of the Joint on the energy bill-urge them to at least programs cannot be operated without ade­ Committee on Internal Revenue Taxa­ retain the personal deduction. Do not be quate staff. In response, enough funds tor tion, this little-noticed section of the en- guilty of saddling the taxpayer with an- 300 new permanent employees for PmHA December 6, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38643 were provided in the FY 78 Agriculture ..t\p­ THE 19TH MEETING OF CANADA­ (b) Provincial jurisdiction over resources; propriations Act. UNITED STATES INTERP.ARLIA­ potash, asbestos; We were extremely concerned, then, to MENTARY GROUP (c) Quebec; learn that the Omce of Management and (d) Impact of depreciation of Canadian Budget has required a reduction of 1,600 and American dollars; people in the Department of Agriculture's (e) Impact on Canada of possible restric­ employment cellings for FY 1978. This brings HON. DANTE B. FASCELL tion by U.S. of technology transfers. into serious doubt, the status of the Con­ OF FLORIDA 7. Canadian and U.S. international com­ gressionally mandated 300 person staff in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES petitiveness; rising trade deficits; state of crease at FmHA. Tuesday, December 6, 1977 the economies; cooperative R and D pro­ Mr. President, during your campaign you gramme. stated on a number of occasions that you Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, the Can­ were going to make the federal bureaucracy COMMil'TEE m-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ada-United States Interparliamentary ISSUES more responsive to the needs of the people. Group will hold its 19th annual meeting In the case of FmHA, the bureaucracy 1s 1. Status report on supply and price of responsive to its constituents because of its February 9-13, 1978. House participation gas, on, electricity, and uranium. locally based structure and direct loan pro­ in the group was authorized in 1959 for 2. Status report on the ALCAN gas pipeline grams. the purpose of discussing specific issues agreement. Some ongoing issues: size of pipP., However, additional staff are absolutely in United States-Canadian relations. In pipellne procurement, offshore competition, essential if the current devoted employees recent years, we have discussed not just financing, administration of pipellne con­ are to successfully meet the challenges of an bilateral problems, such as environmen­ struction, environmental dtmculties. expanded set of programs so that more tal, energy, and trade issues, but we also 3. on pipeline routes in light of restri~­ houses, industry and jobs will be created for have considered prospects for United tions on Cherry Point; feasib111ty of Kitimat, the increasing rural population. States-Canadian cooperation in dealing Port Angeles, cost comparisons, environment­ We are asking the House Agriculture Com­ with both domestic concerns and multi­ al impact. mittee to hold oversight hearings on FmHA lateral issues. 4. Comparative programmes--canada- stamng needs, with a major emphasis on the The agenda for the February meeting United States- Administration's response to the problem. (a) Conservation measures and policies; We trust that you wlll ensure that the Con­ is presented below. As chairman of the (b) Reserves and storage policies; gressional mandate about FmHA stamng is House delegation, I invite Members to (c) Environmental pollution control implemented. provide me with any suggestions as to standards. With warm regards, additional issues which should be dis­ 5. Energy exploration and transportation; Sincerely, cussed. possible environmental problems- Les AuCoin, Blll Alexander, Ed Jones, Furthermore, the delegation welcomes (a) Arctic-Beaufort oil and gas; Eastern Stan Lundine, P.l;llllp Ruppe, G11lis any statements which members may wish Arctic gas; LNG tankers; Long. to submit regarding any of the agenda (b) East and west coast tanker tramc; Norm Dicks, David R. Obey, Matthew F. issues. hazards and regulation; refinery locations; McHugh, James L. Oberstar, Frank E. status report on Eastport. Evans, Lee H. Hamilton, Albert Gore, A report summarizing the discussions Jr., Bob Traxler, Walter Flowers, James will be made to the House shortly after 6. Air pollution; U.S. north-east air pollu­ M. Jeffords. the conclusion of the meeting. tion of Martimes: Cornwall Island; Boundary Helen S. Meyner, Paul E. Tsongas, Mi­ The agenda follows: Wllderness (Atikokan); Poplar River. chael T. Blouin, Berkley Bedell, Chris­ DRAFT AGENDA FOR 20TH MEETING OF CANA­ 7. Great Lakes Water Quality; status re­ topher J. Dodd, W11liam F. Walsh, DIAN-UNITED STATES INTERPARLIAMENTARY port on revision of agreement. , Robert J. Cornell, GROUP 8. Status report on Garrison Dam, Dickey Leon E. Panetta, Mike McCormack. COMMITTEE I-MUTUAL DOMESTIC AND MULTI­ Lincoln, Flathead River, Champlain Rich­ Neal Smith, Charles Rose, Edward R. LATERAL ISSUES elieu. Roybal, Charles Grassley, Rick Nolan, Donald M. Fraser, Norman D'Amours, 1. Nuclear proliferation; Canadian and American safeguards, fast-breeder technol­ Frederick W. Richmond, James C. LOOKING OUT FOR AMERICA'S Cleveland, John Paul Hammerschmidt. ogy, the problem of nuclear waste, SALT problems. KIDS: A NUTRITION LOBBY Bo Ginn, Walter Jones, J. J. Pickle, Jim Bantini, Dan Glickman, Wllllam A. 2. The 200 mlle limit; the resolution of Steiger, James J. Florio, David W. Canada-United States maritime boundaries Evans, Tom Harkin, James M. Hanley. issue for fisheries and resources. HON. RICHARD NOLAN Nick Joe Rahall II, Robert Drinan, David 3. The deep-seabed issue of the Law of the OF MINNESOTA E. Bonior, Don Edwards, Floyd J. Sea Conference. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Fithian, W11liam S. Cohen. 4. The Canadian political situation. 5. Linkage of U.S.-Canadian issue. Tuesday, December 6, 1977 6. Role of internal security forces 1n a Mr. NOLAN. Mr. Speaker, development democratic society. of a national nutrition policy has become PERSONAL EXPLANATION 7. Human rights including CSCE. a high priority for several Members of 8. Development assistance. 9. Southern African questions. Congress in recent years. Already during 10. Grains; international reserves, market­ the 95th Congress, we have passed legis­ HON. LARRY McDONALD ing systems, allocation of supplies in times lation making substantial improvements OF GEORGIA of shortage. in the school lunch and summer feeding IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES COMMITTEE n-TRADE AND ECONOMIC ISSUES programs. That legislation also included provisions to initiate a long-overdue pro­ Tuesday, December 6, 1977 1. Trade issues- ( a) status report on automotive trade; gram of nutrition education in conjunc­ Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, due to possible corrective action on auto parts im­ tion with Federal feeding programs for a commitment made prior to the deci­ balance; children. sion to reconvene the week of November (b) U.S. convention tax; impact on Cana­ In the coming months, similarly im­ 29, I was unable to be in attendance. If I dian current account; portant legislation will be before us. The had been present, I would have voted as (c) MTN negotiations; bilateral and multi­ highly successful women, infants, and follows: lateral concerns and objectives; tar11fs and children's feeding program

SENATE-Wednesday, December 7, 1977 The Senate met at 12 meridian and was skies. As wise men of old followed the Senator from the State of Nebraska, to per­ called to order by Hon. EDWARD Zo­ star, move us to follow Thy guiding light form the duties of the Chair. JAMES 0. EASTLAND, RINSKY, a Senator from the State of Ne­ to the place of peace. President pro tempore. braska. In Thy holy name we pray. Amen. Mr. ZORINSKY thereupon assumed PRAYER the chair as Acting President pro APPOINTMENT OF ACTING PRESI­ tempore. The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward DENT PRO TEMPORE L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following prayer: The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk RECOGNITION OF LEADERSHIP will please read a communication to the Prepare us, 0 Lord, for the journey to Senate from the President pro tempore The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ Bethlehem and to newness of life. May (Mr. EASTLAND). pore. The Senator from West Virginia. we be star-led to the manger-cradle and The legislative clerk read the following find Thee right in the family circle. May letter: the tenderness of Mary deliver us from U.S. SENATE, THE JOURNAL hardness of heart and the patience and PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, love of Joseph save us from harsh judg­ Washington, D.C., December 7, 1977. To the Senate: I ask unanimous consent that the read­ ments. May the shepherds watch keep Under the provisions of rule r, section 3. ing of the Journal of the proceedings of our eyes open for every sign of Thy com- ot the Standing Rules of the Senate, I hereby Tuesday, December 6, 1977, be dispensed illi. Give us ears to hear the music of the appoint the Honorable EDwAaD ZoamsxY, a with.