'?he ~liJtiaIL- GUARDIAN J. GRE SHAM MAC HE N• EDITOR 1936· 1 937

China Needs Our Help

Egbert W. Andrews • Beverly Church Dedi­ cates New Building

Dwight H. Poundstone • First A'id for Busy Pastors ,Certainly if there be no absolute law Robert K. Churchill • Where Shall. We Meet? of God, there can be no eonsciousness George W. Marston • Glory of the of sin; and if there 'be no consciousness Christian Church . R. B. Kuiper of sin, there can.be no faith in the • Unbelief in Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A. Saviour, Jesus Christ.

Leslie W. Sloat • Orthodox Presbyterian -J. Gresham Machen Church News • Guardi,an News Commentator • First Christmas in Korea

Miss Florenee Handyside

January, 1949

VQL. 18, NO. 1: 2 THE PRESBYTERIAN GIJ ARDIAN

3. What did Simon the Sorcerer went everywhere preaching the word want from Peter and John? How did (Acts 8:4). he wish to get it? It was the little maid in the home 4. How did Philip lead the Ethiop­ of Naaman, the Syrian, that carried ian eunuch to faith in Jesus Christ? the news of Elisha's power to Naaman. Week of February 21 A Sunday School teacher was in­ strumental in the conversion of Dwight Daily Bible Readings Monday...... Acts 9:l-f) Tuesday . Acts 9:10-22 L., Moody. And many others who have Week of January 31 Wednesday .. . Acts 9:23-35 never preached a sermon are used by Monday Acts 1:1-14 Thursday . Acts 9:36-43 God to bring the message of salvation Tuesday Acts 1:15-26 .Friday Acts 10:1-16 to men. Wednesday Acts 2:1-13 Saturday , Acts 10:17-33 This is not to belittle the official Thursday Acts 2:14-28 Sunday Acts 10:34-48 preaching of the Word. That ministry, ordained of God, must never cease. Friday Acts 2:29-47 Questions for Sabbath Meditation Saturday Acts 3:1-10 But it is supplemented by personal 1. What was Saul's intention as he evangelism on the part of the mem­ 1 Sunday Acts 3:II-26 I traveled toward Damascus? bers of the church. Many are the oJ Questions for Sabbath Meditation 2. What happened to him on the I opportunities for witnessing in social ~ I. Why did Jesus remain on the way? gatherings, places of business, and earth for forty days after His resur­ 3. Who introduced Saul to the apos­ school, which never come to the minis­ rection? tles at Jerusalem as a true disciple of ter of the gospel. 2. How was an apostle chosen to Christ? What are the qualifications for such take the place of Judas? . Evangelism work? First, those who would evan­ 3. What took place at Pentecost? gelize the lost must know what is the Explain. "A satisfied customer is the best way of salvation. Personal Bible study salesman for any· product," it is said. with a good book of doctrine is indis­ Week of February 7 So those who have experienced the pensable equipment for the Christian Monday Acts 4:1-12 grace of God in their lives should pro­ witness. Secondly, earnest prayer for Tuesday ~ Acts 4:13-22 claim the glories of faith in Jesus those to whom we declare God's truth Wednesday Acts 4:23-37 Christ. The early church was made and for ourselves, that we may be bold Thursday Acts 5:1-16 up of men and women who willingly in Christ, and that the lost sinner may Friday '1' . Acts 5:17-32 assumed the task of making known have his eyes opened to the truth. Saturday Acts '5-"33-42 Christ to the world. Thirdly, self-sacrifice, or a willingness Sunday :. Acts 6 Some modernistic groups are urging to be active in the work, is a necessary evangelism upon their members. And Questions for Sabbath Meditation characteristic of one who would win they are urging the laity to do this I. For what reason were Peter and others to Christ. work. Unfortunately, the message of We are called to peace as believers, John imprisoned? How did they an- ' evangelism is considered unimportant. swer the question of the high priest but that peace does not mean inactivity. And the bearers of the message of sal­ It is peace of mind and heart, assur­ Annas? vation by "good works" are themselves 2. What was the sin of Ananias and ance based upon the promises of God. often unsaved. Hence, there can be no But that very peace should also release Sapphira? 'What effect had their pun- real fruit from such a program. ishment upon the church? . us for service in the kingdom. It will There is only one message for us if we heed the commission of our Lord, 3. How were the first deacons to carry to the world lost in sin, and chosen? Why were they chosen? "But ye shall receive power, after that that is that Christ graciously saves the Holy Ghost is come upon you: Week of February 14 those who put their trust in Him. He and ye shall be witnesses unto me both Monday .Acts 7:1-14 presents Himself to men as the Re­ in Jerusalem, and in all Judea, and in Tuesday ..Acts 7:15-34 deemer. who is willing and able to save Samaria, and unto the uttermost part ,; r Wednesday...... Acts 7:35-50 the lost who will come to Him. This of the earth" (Acts 1:8). And, "go ye Thursday .Acts 7:51-60 is the message that was proclaimed by into all the world and preach the Friday . .. Acts 8:1-13 the apostles chosen by Christ. But gospel." Saturday Acts 8:14-25 it was also carried to sinners by those Some Prayer Suggestions Sunday . Acts 8:26-40 not in official positions in the church. Too often those in the pew consider Pray for the Rev. Egbert W. An­ Questions for Sabbath Medita.tion the work of witnessing to be rhae of drews, missionary to China now home 1. What charge,did Stephen seek to the ministry. But if we are each on furlough, as he travels about this answer by his sermon? prophet, priest and king, then the work country telling of the need in China. 2. Did the temple at [erusalem con­ of a prophet we must do even though Pray for Christian students in China, tinue to be the place where God met we have not the office of minister. It that they may be strong in the faith in His people after Christ had come, lived, is said of the early Christians that this time of turmoil in their country. died and rose again? when they were scattered abroad, they LE Roy B. OLIVER The Presbyterian Guardian is puIJlished monthly by The Presbyterian Guardian Publish;ng Corporation, 728 Schaff Building. 1505 Race Street, Philadelphia 2, Pa., at tbe tollowlng rates, payable in advance for eitber old or new snbsertbers in any part of the ","rid, postage prepaid: $2.00 Per year; $1.00 for ftve months; 2,Oc per single copy. Entered as second class matter Marcb 4, 1937, at the Post omce at Philadelphia. under tbe Act of March 3. 18;9. THE' PRESBYTER_AN GUARDIAN

As such it has no right .to meddle in As this limitation from meddling in '!L' ~liidmt- matters in which the Church itself civil matters applies to the Church, it GUARDIAN has no right to meddle. We do not also applies to "Councils" of Churches. 1505 Race Street, Philadelphia 2, Pa. speak of the right or the wrong of . A.W.K. capitalism, the views of Mr. Dulles, or other matters about which state­ Le,lie W. Sloat ments have been made. We only ob­ Editor and Manager serve that these, while properly matters The Narrow Way with which Christian societies could John P. Clelland deal, are not the special business of the ERH APS one of the saddest days Arthur W. Kuschke, Jr. Church. Pin our Lord's public ministry was Robert S. Marsden Recently the Federal Council of that day when He turned to His dis­ Contributing Editors Churches, which sometimes seems to ciples and asked, "Will ye also go exist solely to propagandize social and away?" He had been presenting to ADVISORY COUNC1L political causes, issued a statement on men a strait gate and a narrow way. Robert L. Atwell civil rights. This statement was re­ But when His hearers saw how narrow Leslie A. Dunn ceived with alarm by some of the that way was, how strict and specific John Patton Galbraith opponents of that modernist body. His teachings were, many went back Edward L. Kellogg We would count it a grave error if the and walked no longer with Him. American Council, in retaliation to the Paul knew something of the same Federal Council, should take an oppos­ sorrow. From a prison cell he wrote Church Councils and Civil ing stand on civil rights. It is con­ "that all they which are in Asia be Affairs ceivable that even modernists might turned away from me." He was suffer­ find reason to attack some evils. But ing the reproach of the gospel. HE Church of Christ has certain it is to be emphasized that official Often in the church those who have T proper limitations. These limitations pronouncements on this highly debat­ sought to adhere closely to the teaching are divinely imposed. It is bounded by able subject constitute an invasion of of Scripture have suffered a similar the Word of God; where the Word of the Church into the affairs of the State, reproach. Charles Hodge is looked God speaks, it must speak, and where and an intrusion of' mundane things up to in orthodox Presbyterian circles the Word is' silent, it must be silent. into the spiritual functions of the as a reliable standard of theological But more than this: as a spiritual body Church. accuracy. But how many people know it is not to dabble in worldly matters, The Westminster Confession, among that he was strenously opposed by men except as the Bible gives warrant. its many noble utterances, contains a who thought he was substituting his Capitalism, Communism, President passage which Dr. Machen was fond of own narrow interpretations for the Truman's civil rights program, politics, quoting. "Synods and councils are theology of the Westminster standards? economics: are these the direct business to handle, or conclude nothing, but Here is what one person said of him of the Church? We think not. The that which is ecclesiastical: and are not and of his son A. A. Hodge: "It is the Church of Jesus Christ is commissioned to intermeddle with civil affairs which theology of the elder and the younger in the things of the Kingdom of Christ, concern the commonwealth, unless by Hodge that has in fact usurped the a Kingdom not of this world. To be way of humble petition in cases extraor­ place of the Westminster theology in sure 'Christian people, as distinguished dinary; or, by way of advice, for satis­ the minds of a large proportionof the from the organized Church, ought to faction of conscience, if they be there­ ministry of the Presbyterian Church have a hand in politics and society. As unto required by the civil magistrate" and now stands in the way of progress the light of the world and the salt of (XXXI, 5). in theology and of true Christian ortho­ the earth they ought to be zealous to Moreover the Westminster divines .doxy." The Princeton theologian was seek for righteousness in all sides of were far from favoring an absolute suffering the reproach of adhering life. Independent' Christian peri0clicals separation of Church and State. They closely to the truth. may do so as well. A Christian poli­ thought that there should be an estab­ Comingcloser to our time, men who tical party is by no means contrary to lished Church for England,' Scotland sought to hold fast such fundamentals I principle. But the Church, as the and Ireland, and it was with the verv of the faith as the virgin birth and ) Church, must abide by its divine call­ task of drawing up a Confession fa'r bodily resurrection of Christ have been ing. It is a spiritual body, with spirit­ ~• such a Church that they had been charged with seeking to impose narrow ual powers, and its sole reliance the encharged. But even when the Church interpretations and "theories" upon the force of divine truth according to the 'is a state Church, it has, in their view, church, instead of being contentwith divine promise .. no ordinary right to "intermeddle with the so-called "facts and doctrines" of Accordingly when the American civil affairs." the faith. Even Dr. B. B. Warfield Council of Christian Churches issues Such is the teaching of the Con­ was accused of insisting upon a much official pronouncements defending capi­ fession, and we ought not to be for­ narrower doctrine than the line of or­ talism and the American system of getful of its clear statement. It limits thodoxy established by Charles Hodge. free enterprise, and attacking John the prerogatives of the Church. And We do not consider such charges Foster Dulles as unfitted to represent if the Church goes beyond to indulge and accusations to be justified. The the country in foreign affairs, we feel in all manner of deliverances on public system of doctrine taught in Scripture that the American Council forgets what -issues, it thereby fails to mind its own and the Westminster standards is not it is. It is a Council of Churches. divinely given functions and duties. some vague form of belief easily sepa- ! 4 THE PRESBYT~RIAN GUARDIAN January rated from the words and phrases in which it is expressed. The attempt to distinguish between essential and non­ essential articles and elements in the Confession is fraught with high danger and the threat of disaster. The charge against Hodge cited above was made j by Charles Briggs, who was in many ways an expert on the history of the 1 Westminster standards, but who was f soon thereafter suspended from the ministry. because he denied the truth and authority of the Bible. The Auburn Affirmationists claimed the protection of the Westminster standards and broad Presbyterianism in rejecting the "the­ ories" of the virgin birth and bodily resurrection. And it was neo-Modern­ ist Emil Bru~ner who found Warfield too far afield to suit him in matters of theology. When men try to be broad-minded in theology; they often Dedication Service of new Beverly On the platform are the choir and on instead become. so narrow that they Church building. Pastor Dwight Pound­ either side of the platform are visiting cannot have fellowship with those stone is standing at head of the aisle. ministers and speakers. whose views are stricter than their own. Hence· they heap reproach upon men who are sincerely trying to be faithful to the doctrine they profess to believe. Beverly Church Dedicates Weare grieved to find that charges similar to. the above are now being cast at the faculty of Westminster Sem­ New Building inary and at those in The. Orthodox Los .Angeles Structure Will Presbyterian Church who have stood with them in recent doctrinal contro­ Seat Tsoo Hundred versies. It is unfortunate that when men sincerely try to stand for the Word By DWIGHT H. POUNDSTONE of God and the theology of the West­ minster standards they have to be ac­ SUNDAY afternoon, November z rst, made the previous week by women of cused of adopting narrow interpreta­ the new building of the Beverly the church. tions, and of setting up extra-constitu­ Orthodox Presbyterian Church of Los An appropriate message for the oc­ tional "tests of orthodoxy." What we Angeles was formally dedicated to God. casion was delivered by the Rev. need today is not casualness toward our A capacity audience of about 300 Charles G. Schauffele, Pastor of the theology, but men who are in dead people attended the dedication service. First Orthodox Presbyterian Church of earnest about it. Every seat in the auditorium was National City. His subject was "What We are especially grieved to discover taken; extra chairs were set up in the Mean ye By These Stones?" (Joshua vestibule and mother's room (a sound 4:6). Three carloads of people from that such charges are being used to Nati~nal justify the withdrawal of ministers proof room with double glass window . City made the trip of some from the Orthodox Presbyterian de­ and loudspeaker); still there were some 130 miles in order to attend the service. nomination. Moreover the sessions of who stood during the service, and The service of Dedication culminated Calvary Church, Willow Grove, and others who listened from a room in the a long period of testing during which of Faith Church, Quarryville, have re­ basement equipped with a loudspeaker. the congregation stood loyally behind cently called special congregational Several visiting ministers were pres­ their pastor, the Rev. Dwight H. meetings to consider what to do in the ent and participated in the service by Poundstone, and worked hard to main­ alleged situation. The Willow Grove bringing messages of congratulations tain a consistent testimony in a needy letter asserts that obscure theological from their congregations. and promising field. points are being made tests of ortho­ Mr. Henry Jensen, director of the Twelve years ago, under the leader­ doxy in the church, that single words choir, played, as a trumpet solo, "The ship of their pastor, the Rev. Donald and short phrases of the Confession'are Holy City" by Adams. He was accom­ K. Blackie, an earnest group of Chris­ being overemphasized, and that this panied by Mrs. Horace Hunt. The tians withdrew from Trinity. Presby­ has reached the point where the orig­ choir of twenty-six voices, wearing their terian Church and organized the inal purpose of the denomination has new maroon robes for the first time, Beverly Orthodox Presbyterian Church. sang the anthem "Dedication" by. These people withdrew from Trinity (See "Editorial" page 16) Hardy. The choir robes had been (See "Beverly" page 9) 1949 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN China' Needs Our Help!

An Open Letter to Christian Friends in America

By EGBERT W. ANDREWS

MAGINE a city with a population the Bible. They organized Christian interior in the Spring and Summer of I of five million-the hub commer­ fellowships on their campuses for Bible 1946. My work in the past two years cially, economically, politically, edu­ study and prayer instead of for the has been with almost. a score of Chris­ cationally and socially of a nation com­ social parties, social service and poli­ tian fellowships in the Shanghai area. prising one-fourth of the human race. tical activity that had previously been It has been thrilling to watch the num­ Consider also that within this city are the sole concern of such groups. In bers and spiritual strength of these being educated one-fourth of the college the good providence of God, on July fellowships grow. Contrary to con­ \ and university students of the entire 23, 1945, during the last month in ditions that prevail in student circles nation; that these educated youth, be­ which the war with Japan held them in more favored lands, I have found cause they comprise only 200,000 of concentrated in the interior of China, that students of varying interests are the nation's five hundred million, have forty of these fellowships organized equally eager to hear and receive the an importance far out of proportion to "The China All University Christian Christian message. Students of Eco­ their numbers-twenty years hence Students' Union," an independent or­ nomics, Politics, Law, Journalism, Edu­ they will be the nation's leaders: mer­ ganization affiliated with the Inter­ cation, Engineering, the Sciences, Agri­ chants, bankers, lawyers, officials, pro­ national Fellowship of Evangelical culture, Medicine, Art, Music and the fessors, doctors, preachers. And note Students. Thus was a new chapter Liberal Arts have become devoted well that one out of four of all these opened in the history of The Chinese Christians and are keen to know Christ leaders will come from this city: Student Movement. better and to make Him known. Shanghai. , It was my privilege to be in Shanghai Preachers of the social gospel who What is the story of this significant when the students came back from the hitherto have had the ear of these element of China's millions? Tra­ students capnot understand the work ditionally the leaders of Chinese society, which God has done among them. the students have played a leading part They call "escapists" those students in every important movement since the who, no longer confident of their own last imperial dynasty was overthrown ability to follow the example of Jesus, in 19II. In 1919 they sparkplugged are deeply conscious of their need of The Chinese Renaissance, one result' a Divine Saviour who lives today, and of which was to start bringing the writ­ have put their trust in Him. I know, ten language more into conformity however,that these young people are with the spoken, thus hastening in­ not escapists. They are concerned not creased literacy. In 1925 they spear­ only about their relationship, through headed The Nationalist Revolution Christ, with the living God, but also which unified the nation-wide resist­ to know their life vocation and the ance to' Japanese aggression and, when Christian solution for the various ills war came two years later, world-wide that vex modern society. These prob­ attention was drawn to the heroic trek lems -become more acute in a land like of the universities over thousands of China which is largely turning away miles deep into the interior .of China. from its own Confucian morality but The hard conditions of exile and of has no heritage of Christian tradition war-time privations taught the students to which these young Christians may lessons that they never learned in their appeal. They are deeply exercised to more happy academic environment. know the will of God in everything For the first time they realized their H E Rev. Egbert W. Andrews is which concerns them. Without a doubt own utter insufficiency to cope with, T a missionary of The Orthodox the opportunity since VJ day to present the conditions that confronted them; Presbyterian Church, who has been the Gospel of Jesus Christ to the stu­ they looked on in wonder at the sacri­ working in China. During the past dents of China is without parallel in ficial spirit and heroic fortitude of several years he has been in Shang­ history. Christian compatriots whom they had hai, the city of which he speaks here. I deeply regret that I have been un­ formerly despised as "running dogs He arrived home on furlough on able to present this opportunity and of the imperialists." Their previous December 19. During the coming. the urgency of the need more ade­ attitude of bitter opposition to Chris­ months he will be visiting churches quately. This is the more so since I tianity gave place to one of inquiring in the interest of the work of for. have repeatedly been impressed by the interest. They began to read and study eign missions. fact that our Orthodox Presbyterian J. -,

6 THE PRESBYTERIAN GU ARDIAN January

Church has the message to meet the inhabitants of the earth: and none can result of my coming out and teaching need. The opportunity may not exist stay His hand, or say unto Him, What them God's Word each week they had very much longer. Indeed, China is doest thou?" Daniel 4:35. come to understand and really trust in at this moment in greater peril mili­ the Lord as their Saviour and King. tarily, politically and economically than They both had heard the Gospel when it has been in decades. A people whose they were in Primary school but it was whole philosophy is the antithesis of Letter from China not until now that they had come really Communism is threatened with engulf­ to know the Lord. Although' they ment by Communism because some HE following excerpts are from a realized that to have to go to Nanking have blindly chosen it as a desperate T. letter of the Rev. Richard B. Gaffin, meant not only the breaking up of alternative. It is well for us in America Orthodox Presbyterian missionary in their medical training, but also facing to consider our responsibility in all of Shanghai. The letter was written on danger and experiencing hardship, they this. Many of the idealistic students December 6. are ready to go, knowing that Romans of twenty years ago are in the Chinese "Mob psychology surely is a terrific 8:28 is true and believing that the Lord government today. There was scant thing. Although things are very orderly will use them not only to help save the opportunity to give them the Gospel here in Shanghai, yet the desire to flee physical lives of men, but also their then. But what are we doing today to some other supposed place of safety spiritual lives. for the students who are even now has gotten hold of so many people that "Last Tuesday one fine young fellow waiting to hear the truth? Many of now what I was afraid would happen from T'ung Chi New Students School those in the government today were has happened with the sinking of the stood up after my class to confess his students .in "Christian" America two coastal steamer on Friday night with faith and on Thursday evening after decades ago. What are we doing today the loss of over 2,000 lives. The way my class at'Shanghai Commercial Col­ to give the Truth to the Chinese stu­ people jam themselves onto the ways lege seven freshmen stayed after the dents now among us? It is in order of transportation is unbelievable un­ service and after a period of answering personally to tell you how you may less you see it. It is too bad that when questions and further instruction, they help answer this call that I am now the military determines to fight on, the all confessed their sins and called on returning to America for a few months. people take such a defeatist attitude. the Name of the Lord. I surely praise In the meantime let us pray that God The Commies have not gotten to the the Lord that He has given me real will deliver this people from the danger Yangtze River yet and it will not be peace at this time, and I look forward that threatens. easy for them to get across. With the to times of continued blessing in this On December 17th it was exactly people acting as if all is lost, I should great work among students. four years since'my arrival. in Chung­ think it would be exceedingly difficult "Surely if I looked to men and the king to serve with several thousand of for Mme. Chiang to enlist much sup­ world about me, I would indeed flee, the students of China in the war effort. port for China from America ... It indeed have no hope. I am afraid that At that time Japan's armies were is rather hard to help China when too many Christians have looked at threatening to cut the country in two, certain 'families' receive most of the man instead of God and because they to march on Chungking and to knock benefit from the aid. If America helps see no hope they flee to safer places. China out of the war. Things had I am sure it will be only because we I do not judge those who have left or never looked more serious militarily see that at whatever cost we must not are leaving but I do feel that this is a in the whole eight years of resistance. let Communism spread any farther ... time when by God's grace we can be Missionaries were being evacuated to I still think that the Chinese, being a real witness to the- unsaved and to India and people were predicting total what they are, would rather lean to­ young Christians, by showing that we collapse within a matter of weeks. But ward some democratic form of life have a faith which 'overcomes the [ust when things looked blackest God than a totalitarian form. If the Com­ world,' because our faith is in Him intervened. That part of China ex­ mies came to Shanghai they would who said, 'These things I have spoken perienced its first snowstorm in more find themselves up against four or five unto you, that in Me ye might have than half a century. (I remember it million rugged individualists and con­ peace. In the world you shall have vividly because the zero ceiling and the ditions which they have not been used tribulation, but be of good cheer: I ice on the wings of our. plane caused to. Then they would either find out have overcome the world' On. 16:33)." us to make an emergency landing away that it would be more than they could from our destination.) The unpre­ handle, or else they would become paredness of the Japanese for the un­ corrupted themselves by the ways of Correction expected cold in that latitude made this big city . . . them halt long enough for Chinese "Two of the students in my class are R. ANDREWS has called our reinforcements to come from the north possibly to be sent to Nanking to help M attention to an error which ap­ and stop their advance. That was the in the taking care of the many wounded peared in the article published in the high tide of Japanese penetration into soldiers there. These two came to me October GUARDIAN under the title "On China. The situation is many times after our Student Prayer Meeting in the Mission Front in China." On page more serious today. It is difficult to Kiangwan on Sunday afternoon and 236, first column, there is an account see in what direction a solution lies. in view of the possibility of their going of missionary work in the 'Comluck' We must commit the matter to our to Nanking they wanted to express to restaurants, and of English and Bible omniscient, omnipotent God. me their feelings with regard to their classes among the employees. Through "... He doeth according to His will relation to the Lord Jesus Christ. They an error in preparing the article for in the army of heaven, and among the with real emotion told me that as a publication, the name of Mr. Andrews ,-

1949 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN 7

replaced that of Mr. Gaffin. It was calling attention to this error, and invited in ? Yes, quite often. What Mr. Gaffin who conducted these classes, apologize to both Mrs. Gaffin who do we find? There may be a sick per­ and who received the birthday remem­ wrote the article and to Mr. Gaffin son there, in a dying condition-with brance. We thank Mr. Andrews for whose work was involved. your Bible and helpful prayer you are more than welcome. I remember once an elderly man invited us in; he was home from work and did not feel at all well. We talked of our need, as First Aid for Pastors . sinners, of God's grace. He seemed eager to listen. Before we left we pre­ A Busy Pastor Meditates on the Benefits oj sented the plan of salvation, and then a Student Assistant During the Summer Months knelt while he prayed after me for God to save him. He had no Bible-we By ROBERT K. CHURCHILL left ours. In less than three weeks he had passed away. "W HAT do you want me to do And oh, yes, I forgot for a moment A Christian Scientist may invite you tomorrow?" the most pressing need of our churches in. After all, there is no evil, says he, How would you, if you were a dis­ -that of evangelism. Can you help so come on in. You are bound to be traught pastor, like to have that ques­ there? No, I don't mean preparing converted-who can resist "Science and tion put to you by an energetic Sem­ sermons and opening the church for Health"? You have the Bible, and he inary student who was fairly bursting revivalistic services and having an altar has Mrs. Eddy's Key. Here is a con­ at the seams with knowledge? call. Sorry, but that is too easy, even versation of several hours, at least, and I know what you would say, if you if it would work. Can you, or rather I'll need your help. When I get off could say anything on such an occa­ are you willing, to try doorstep preach­ the beam, you can start on another sion. You would say plenty, or rather ing? What is that? Well, it takes a tack. The shed blood is our weapon feel like writing a book in answer to lot of grace, and Calvinism. Pastor here, for this is Satan's angelic light. the question. What is there to do to­ and helper start out in the morning Behind the next door there may be morrow in a struggling Orthodox Pres­ about 10 a.m, with pockets filled with a a woman with a baby, which has not byterian mission church? Rather, what special tract telling of the program of been baptized. She likes your little isn't there to do? Why, there is vaca­ the local church. They go from door church in the community, and knows tion Bible school to plan for, and what to door around the block, and cover as some of the people there. She wants mountains of work it takes just in many blocks as possible. Yes, you may her children to have Christian baptism. planning and getting ready for this reg­ get the door slammed in your face; Better let the pastor take over here and ular summer workout. Then there is cursing and swearing may come at you; just pray harder than you ever prayed the actual program of the school itself, but very rarely. For the most part you before. For this is where heaven and with the need for song leading, teach­ will find needy hearts, and many op­ hell meet in deadly combat. Only a ing, managing handwork, directing portunities to speak of Christ's saving sympathetic understanding and a firm recreations. Parents and children often gospel. With the love of God in your application of "covenant theology" will ask why we don't have the Bible school heart you will want to get to that next meet the need. No truth has been for a whole month! house also. Wonder if you will be more sinned against. Oh, yes, then there is that' special Next door? Well, well, he invites music for the church services, which usin. What is he doing home at this needs a shot in the arm. Could you TUDENTS at Wes'tminster hour? We notice some Bluebooks on build a choir? S Theological Seminary are en­ the desk with "University of Califor­ And then there is the pulpit supply couraged to spend their summer nia" printed on them. Are you a G.1. problem. How can we get Reformed vacation time gaining practical ex­ student, we ask? No, says he, I teach· preaching for an Orthodox Presbyter­ perience in church work by serving at the university. What subject? ian Church pulpit-than which there as assistant to some pastor. One Philosophy! ... is none more important in the city? such student helped in the work in "What do you want me to do to­ Could you preach once or twice while Berkeley and San Francisco this past morrow?" There is much to be done, the pastor takes a vacation (preaching summer. Here Mr. Churchill, who and I need you. I've been waiting for for someone else)? was then pastor of the Berkeley you for a long time, How about the young people's church but has since moved to Of course, you must understand that work? We have two groups-a high Cedar Grove, Wisconsin, reflects on this work may he interrupted. There school society and one for .college age his experience of having such an is need for a larger Sunday school room youth. We also need one for the assistant, and on some thoughts that at the church. Can you help me knock younger children. Can you do any or came to him in consequence. out that partition, and build a little all of these things? Then there are The assistant in this case was platform? The church also needs the catechism classes which we try to Westminster student Harold N. painting, and are you good at carpen­ work in; the biggest problem being to Englund, and Mr. Englund has also tering, and the occasional plumbing get the children from pagan homes to written a brief note about his experi­ jobs the old building we use for a come. So there must be special attrac­ ence, which we include with Mr. church occasionally needs. You may, tions. Can you take hold of this? Churchill's longer article. of course, be called suddenly from driv- .. -

8 THE PRESBYTERIAN G.U ARDIAN January

ing nails, to conduct a funeral, or to I'm surely glad to use you this sum­ impart some of the comfort wherewith teach metaphysics to university stu­ mer. You know, summer is the slump. we ourselves are comforted of God. dents. Can you shift gears tapidly? time in all the churches. But I've al­ How wonderful that she was resting Sunday morning is hard. 1 I must ways had the feeling that with proper truly in God's grace. circulate the city to pick up children, handling, and by hard work with a And the professor of philosophy who then keep on my toes for opening ex­ Seminary student's help, the work thought he knew so much, and yet was ercises at the Sunday school. We must could not only be kept up during the taken aback to find a Christian minis­ try to build up attendance. Then I summer, but increased and built up. ter prepared not only to understand have a Sunday school class of home­ Then when the fall came there him, but to step into the arena, as it builders, and from that I go immedi­ wouldn't be that struggle to gather the were, and to pierce through the philo­ ately into the pulpit for the worship pieces and sort ofstart over,again. The sophical cobwebs and lay bare a human service. I never tell anyone, but I'm fall program needs a church ready for soul in need of God's grace. really not at my best for the preaching anything. That is why we need Sem­ I recall, too, the hills of San Fran­ of God's HolyWord, and I should be. inary students to work with us during cisco, and the long flights of stairs in Can you help me here, at least during the summer months. the apartment houses. No wonder Mr. the summer? Then I'll tell you something else if Ahlfeldt keeps in shape with a terri­ And while you are standing there all you promise not to remember it-it tory like that to cover. Of course there eager and fresh from a few months at might inflate your pride so the Lord were slammed doors, and, some abuse,' our beloved Seminary, I want to tell could not use you here. Starting a but that was profitable, too. you something that has been on my church is like fighting for a beach­ To an outsider, our Sunday morning heart for a long time. head. It takes up so much time, con­ congregations must have looked as if Our kind of church needs that kind centration and ammunition that there they were composed of ordinary people. of Seminary, and needs it desperately. is not sufficient time left for adequate And yet, when I considered the lives The kind of work we have to do calls study. You are fresh from the battle of those present, the burdens of suffer­ for the best theological training in the on another sector of the front, the more ing, heartache, remorse, longing, it was world, and though there may be de­ academic one. You ask me questions enough to make one weep. But who is ficiencies, that is exactly what you get on theological and contemporary sub­ to say that they weren't ordinary folk. at Westminster. Don't be satisfied jects, vital questions sometimes. I Truly the sum of human need is ap­ with anything else. Thank God that need those questions; yes, and some­ palling. the best in scholarship and the most times I need your contributions toward You know, I feel more like studying ­ comprehensive in theology can be an answer for them. We must not go now. The courses aren't just hanging wedded to the humble pioneering work to seed on this job. I fear getting into in midair. Recollections of the tragedy of a struggling mission church. You a rut. And the only difference be­ of Berkeley's complacent families, of have a high view of the church, I and tween a rut and a grave is that one is San Francisco's broken homes, of the will fight for it against overwhelm­ deeper than the other! superstition and ignorance of the com­ ing odds-that is what we need. You mon unchurched people; and the joy have a big message, too-the whole of the eager children in the Vacation counsel of God. Well, we may be a DEAR MR. CHURCHILL: Bible schools, of the keen young people small church, but we can stand for Many times in the last few months I with their zeal and devotion to Christ, something big in the world. have had occasion to thank God for the and of the faithful worshipers of God But this is only one part of the sub­ blessings I received while serving in in both' churches-all this lends a new ject on my heart. The other is the con­ Berkeley and San Francisco this past sense of urgency and mission to my viction that the Seminary needs the summer. More than ever I am con­ work here at the Seminary. church-s-needs our little struggling vinced that the only way to prepare We do have a "high calling," don't church. That tremendous theology adequately for the vocation of a pastor we? The never-ending battle for the and learning you get there needs to is to view the problems of a pastor human soul, the never-ending care for buck up against the toughest job in through the eyes ofa pastor, and this God's church, the never-ending desire America in order to strike fire. You before Seminary days are over. for God's glory! .are not reeds shaken with the wind. How vividly I recall some of the You have become acquainted with Cal­ visits we made. The home where the vinism, which means that for the first mother wanted her baby "christened," Day of Prayer time in your life .you have really come and the long discussion we had there. to know the great God of the Bible. I thought at the time you were a bit HE annual Day of Prayer at West­ This equips you to enter seemingly harsh, but now I see it was necessary T minster Theological Seminary will impossible situations. Think of Paul to make the issues clear. be held 01} Thursday, February 17th. when no man stood with him. How And the home where the father was Program for the day includes the omis­ like our church at times. But he adds, a bartender, and yet insisted that his sion of regularly scheduled classes, the "The Lord stood with me." That is children attend Sunday school. You holding of special student and faculty why there was a church built in that know, I still think there is a real prayer meetings, and services with a city. Yes, believe me, this church and chance to make that man see his need visiting preacher. The guest speaker this Seminary need each other, and of Christ. this year will be Navy Chaplain George under the providence of God were And the home where the mother lay W. Vanderpoel, a graduate of the Sem­ made for each other. dying, and we had the opportunity to inary in 1944. 1949 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN 9 !

a residential structure, the cost is lower, Where ShaD We Meet? and since it is not a one-purpose build­ ing, it can be financed more easily. Convertible Building May Provide In case the whole project should fail, Solution to Church Problem partitions can be pUt in and the build­ By GEORGE W. MARSTON ing sold as a residence. Moreover, with this type of struc­ NE of the major problems in he had recently erected a church house ture, the present location need not be O church extension work is to find which he thought might be of interest final. When a regular church structure an adequate meeting place for worship to us. We examined it, and found it is erected, the congregation is com­ during the formative period of the very satisfactory. mitted definitely to a certain location. church's life. This building is essentially a one But with this type of church house, The problem is especially acute in story brick residence, having a base­ if the congregation should presently a new residential area where school ment with a high ceiling. The build­ feel that another location is better' for buildings or vacant stores are non­ ing is 26 x 52 feet and is designed along it, the house! can be converted to a existent or unavailable. Meeting in a semi-coloniallines, with a steeple added residence, sold, and the congregation private home may work for a while, to give the exterior a church-like ap­ can move to the better location. but there are many difficulties and pearance. We hope to be able to begin the drawbacks. This is the more true if With the exception of a small room erection of a church house of this type the home is' not in the possession of at the head of the stairs, which can in Evergreen Park shortly after the the, pastor or a family of strong Chris­ be used for the pastor's study or a first of the year. To realize our expec­ tian convictions. nursery, the main floor is one large tations, we need $1,000. We are pray­ And in a residential area where room, open to the roof. The room ing that this sum may be available, So there, are established congregations really resembles a church interior, and we can begin construction before an­ meeting in church buildings, the diffi­ will seat approximately 140 people. other round of price increases adds culties, are even greater. Those who The basement is so planned that the again to the costs. attend church in our country no not wash rooms, heating plant, and kitchen hesitate in deciding ~hether they pre­ are at the end of the building, leaving fer to worship in a church building, a maximum of space for Sunday school Beverly orin a home or school. The group classes. (Continued from page 4) which holds its meetings in a non­ We have found that this building conventional type of building is at a , will give us approximately the same Church, not because of a "church fight," distinct disadvantage in its efforts to floor space as the semi-Gothic structure but because they could not support the attract Christians to its fellowship or originally considered, at, an estimated program of modernism being fostered to reach the non-Christian family with cost of $21,000 if we do our own paint­ by the Presbyterian Church in the the gospel of Jesus Christ. The fact ing and electrical work. U.S.A. that the message preached in such a We plan to locate this building on It was a happy group that began to non-conventional type of building is our lot where the manse should be worship in a tent during the Fall of more true to the Word of God than placed. We will use it as a place of 1936. They had given up a fine new many messages preached in historic worship until we are ready to erect church building, just recently com­ church structures has little weight in a regular church building. At that pleted, and had moved into a tent, but the minds of those whose Christian time we plan to erect a colonial church they were happy because they had knowledge and Christian convictions structure, and then to put partitions severed relations with an organization are poorly developed. into the church house and turn it'into which had rejected Christ as the Head Evergreen Park is an old residential a SIX room manse. of the Church, and had united with a area with a great deal of new building Here we have one solution to the group that stood uncompromisingly' in progress. There are five protestant problem of a meeting place, which is for the truth of God in all of its ful­ churches in the village, each with a faced by our missionaries who are do­ ness. conventional type place, of meeting. ing church extension work, and by Wind and fire drove the congre­ But now in the Westminster' Chapel some of our small congregations. On gation from their tent and into a work we have, in the providence of the one hand, the need is for a build­ clubhouse which they used for several God, about 60 families that either at­ ing that will look like and serve as a months. From this meeting place they tend church or send their. children to church building. On the other hand, moved into 11 converted store building, Sunday school (mostly the latter). it would seem an act of presumption which they occupied as a place ofwor­ We have f~undit very difficult, how­ to begin a new work with a regular ship for more than ten years. Those ever, to compete with the established church structure, and often the cost of you who have seen pictures of that churches for the attendance of people stands in the way of such a building. 'building, or have been in it, know how newly come to the village. However a church house of the type unattractive it was. ' The cost of erecting even the first described seems to provide the answer. A new community was growing up unit ofa church building was found to The appearance of the building is all around the church, but it was diffi­ be prohibitive at this time. The esti­ church-like. The lay-out is suitable for cult to! interest people in attending mated cost of a modest semi-Gothic church work. And when a larger service in an ugly store building. In structure was about $4°,000. One of building is provided, this one can be spite of physical hindrances, however, the contractors, however, told us that converted into a manse. Because it is the work showed a slow but steady 10 THE PRESBYTERIAN GU ABDIAN' January

Presbytery to withdraw its support of the Seminary as a place in which young men should get their theological training. You see the Assembly, (in the hands of the wrong crowd) voted last spring that presbyteries should not send men to our Seminary, or give them letters from sessions, etc. The wrong crowd here, with that to help them, thought they could put the Sem­ inary out of business completely, did succeed at the specially called meeting of Presbytery to get the Presbytery to vote to back the Assembly's action in withdrawing approval of the Seminary. Architect's drawing of proposed dedicated was the main auditorium At the recent regular meeting of Pres­ Beverly Church structure. Recently unit at the right, with the tower. bytery, however, they rescinded that action and now, in opposition to the Assembly's action, the Presbytery has growth. Genuine Christians who could Korea Seminary Given voted to approve men for our Semin­ see beyond the outward appearances Presbytery's Approval ary. Not only so, but the Presbytery were. added to the church and a testi­ voted t6 ordain one of the men of our mony against error and for the truth LETTER from the Rev. Bruce F. first graduating class which they had continued to go forth. A Hunt, Orthodox Presbyterian mis­ refused to do so far. Also they passed During these ten years the congre­ sionary in Korea, under date of De­ a motion that they should not recom­ gation was looking forward to the day cember 16, tells of recent developments mend men for ministerial studies at when they would have a new building in connection with Korea Theological the liberal seminary (Chosen Seminary) of their own. A building fund was Seminary, where he is teaching at in Seoul, that the Presbytery should established, property was purchased, present. The following is a portion of not make contributions in the future and in February 1947, ground was this communication: to that Seminary, and that the Pres­ broken for the new structure. It was "Seminary closed for its winter holi- . bytery overture the Assembly to have not until August 1, 1948 that the first days last Wednesday night. The end the ministers who are liberal teachers worship service was held in the new of the Semester found us with 82 in that Seminary to be tried for heresy. building. regular students in the Preparatory The Presbytery also voted that all Considerable volunteer labor went and Regular courses combined, plus 8 ministers and elders who were or­ into the building of the church. Very auditors, making.a total of 90. The dained under the non-Presbyterian and little help was received from the out­ Higher Bible Institute has over 70 non-Calvinistic and in some respects side. Practically all of the funds have enrolled already. The students have non-Christian Japanese church during come from members of the congre­ a fine spirit and we are hoping to hear the war, should be reexamined before gation. When it was seen that it good reports from their work through­ being recognized as ministers or elders would be necessary to borrow money out the area during the winter holi­ in regular standing in the Presbyterian in order to complete the first unit, days. Church of Korea. Also the Committee $12,000 was secured at 3 Yz % interest "We are nearing completion of our on standards was instructed to draw from the members of the congregation. work on the publication of Mr. Park's up some statement on the whole matter There are many things which the commentary on Revelation, which was of shrine worship, bowing to the east, church needs and would like to have, helped by the gift of $500 worth of ~nd bowing to flags, offering prayers such as new pews, an electric organ, paper from the States. The book is for the dead, etc., and it is planned etc., but the people realize that many being proofread at present. In addi­ that every minister be asked to sub­ , of these things must wait. Already tion to this Mr. Park has published in scribe some confession involving these there is a great need for additional Mimeograph form commentaries on matters in the hopes of getting the 1 l Sunday School space, and a large room almost all the books of the New Testa­ atmosphere in the Korean church -e for young people's social activities. ment, which the students are buying cleared up. I was not at the meeting The present auditorium will seat and using as text books. The students of Presbytery where these actions were about 200. By using the sound proof are also sponsoring a much needed taken, but they are things which I mother's room, the vestibule and the paper for our movement. The first have been largely standing for ever choir loft 275 can be comfortably issue is expected to be off the press this since I·got back to Korea. seated. A large basement room with a Saturday. "In, the last few weeks I've been loud speaker will accommodate an "At the Presbytery last week the op­ holding some special meetings in dif­ overflow audience of about 50 persons. position to our Seminary suffered quite ferent places, both in the city and in 'When the education unit is added a set-back. They rather over-stepped outlying areas with heartening results. to the present building, it is believed themselves when they tried to attack Maturer people have expressed their that this will be one of the most com­ the Seminary from the doctrinal stand­ faith' and have shown by their coming plete and attractive buildings in the point, and called a special meeting of to subsequent meetings that it was not Orthodox Presbyterian Church. Presbytery a few weeks ago to get the a mere passing emotion."

. ! i949 THE PR~SBVTERIAN s u ARDIAN 11

The Glory of the ~hristian ~horeh By the REV. PROFESSOR·R. B.KUlPER

XVI Christians. The frequent disobedience the church. Its peace is the peace of of the members of the church to its the cemetery. ITS HARMONIOUS MEMBER. Head drives them apart. Or let us assume that there is contro­ SHIP The obvious, reason why the mem­ versy in a church on an important HE church is the body of Christ. bers of the human body normally act doctrine. There are two opposing T He is its Head, and all who believe so harmoniously is that all of them groups or' wings. It is practically a on Him are its members. The church alike obey the head. If only all the foregone conclusion that many mem­ t is glorious because of the resplendent members of the body of Christ would bers will refuse to take sides. They I majesty of its Head. It is glorious also obey the Head, who has enjoined them pride themselves on striking "the gold­ L because of the beautiful harmony of its with all the emphasis at His divine en mean." Although the doctrine at members. command that they love one another as issue is of such moment that Chris­ He has loved them, what harmony the tianity stands or falls with it, they The Imperative of Harmony church would display! Instead, church opine that this particular doctrine is To all outward appearances the members indulge so often in the twin relatively insignificant. Although one church frequently presents a picture of sins of pride and jealousy. So few of side is essentially right and the other dissension rather than harmony. Nor them have "learned to "esteem other essentially wrong, they insist on the are such appearances altogether deceiv­ better than themselves" (Philip. 2:3). obvious fact that neither is infallible. ing. -As a matter of plain fact, there Time and again they must be told to They are certain to condemn both is at all times considerable disharmony lay aside "all malice, and all guile, sides for the "bitterness" that mars within the visible church. and hypocrisies, and envies, and all their debate, and in view of the fact For that reason Scripture enjoins evil speaking" (I Pet. 2:I). Like the that no controversy in the history of church members to manifest their har­ disciples of old, who disputed with the Christian church was ever carried mony "with all lowliness and meekness, one another which of them was greatest on in perfect love, they have a point with longsuffering, forbearing one in the kingdom of heaven, they need here; but they forget that they them­ another in love; endeavouring to keep to be reminded of the Master's telling selves are guilty of the heinous sin the unity of the Spirit in the bond of words: "Verily I say unto you, Except of doctrinal indifference. They boast peace" (Eph. 4:2,3). For the same ye be converted, and become as little of their zeal for the peace of the reason, when the apostle Paul was children, ye shall not enter into the church, but the sad fact is that they are informed that there were parties in the kingdom of heaven" (Matth. 18:3). working overtime for its destruction. church at Corinth, he wrote to, that Those who fail to repent of the sin of Middle-of-the-road pacificism in sig­ church: "Now I beseech you, brethren, wanting to be first will not even be nificant doctrinal controversy has ruined by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, last. ' many a church.. that ye all speak the same thing, and The prophet Zechariah exhorted the that there be no divisions among you; The Semblance of Harmony Jews of his day: "Love truth and but that ye be perfectly joined together Often the church is harmonious only peace" (Zech. 8:19). He did not urge in the same mind and in the same in outward appearance, not in reality. them to seek peace at the expense of judgment" (I Cor. 1:10). Then harmony is a mere sham. truth, for he realized that peace pur­ What accounts for disharmony in the That occurs whenever the church chased at that price is not really peace church? There are, of course, many forgets or declines to be militant at all. No, he regarded truth as an contributing factors, but all of them against whatever evil dwells in its absolute prerequisite of peace that is t may be brought under two heads. On midst. There is flagrant sin, let us truly peace. He also knew that the .~ the' one hand, there are always those say, among prominent members of a way of truth is the sure road to peace. in the church who are not of the given church. It may appear in the church. .Inevitably they occasion divi­ form of doctrinal error or of offensive The Reality of Harmony sion within the church. With reference living. To combat such sin will un­ There is much disharmony within to such members Paul wrote to the avoidably disturb the peace of the the church. There is also a great deal Galatians: "I would they were even church. In order to prevent this, the of simulated harmony. These are cut off which trouble you" (Gal. 5:12). matter is made light of. The offender indeed sad facts. But they do not alter The faithful exercise of discipline, if is excused with the trite remark that the truth that the church of Jesus need be to the point of excommuni­ nobody's theology is perfectly sound Christ is characterized by a very 'real cation, is definitely in the interest of and that there is not a church member harmony. harmony within the church. On the who does not sin. Thus the storm The book of Acts paints a beautiful other hand, those who are truly of the that threatened to break is dissipated. picture of the early church at Jeru­ church have not attained to perfection. Peace is maintained. But a malignant salem. "They continued steadfastly in The best of them are still very poor disease keeps gnawing at the vitals of the apostles' doctrine and fellowship. THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN lanuary

and In breaking of bread, and in shape, harmony would be out of the illiterate. Some are strong in the faith, prayers. And all that believed question. Now that it consists of others weak. But each needs all the were together, and had all things com­ many widely differing members, all others. They complement one another. mon; and sold their possessions and aiding one another, the quality of har­ They cooperate with each other. Col­ goods, and. parted them to all men, as mony is outstanding. There is much lectively they constitute one body. And every man had need. And they, con­ diversity among the members of all are bound together by the greatest tinuing daily with one accord in the Christ's church. Some have five tal­ of all Christian virtues-love. temple, and breaking bread from house ents, others but one. Some have That is harmony indeed. And such to house, did eat tlieir meat with attractive characters, others are un­ harmony is of the essence of the church. gladness and singleness of heart, prais­ attractive. Some are leaders, others Where it is wanting there is no Chris­ ing God and having favour with all followers. Some are rich, others poor. tian church. It is found in every true the people" (Acts 2:42-47). Although Some are highly educated, others are church. the New Testament nowhere com­ mands other churches to imitate in detail the "communism" of the Jeru­ salem church, every true church of UnbeUef In the Presbyterian Christ is characterized by some measure of a like harmony, for the same Spirit indwells it. Church in the U. S. A. (3) Shortly a difficulty arose in the Jeru­ Religion, But No Redemption salem church. The Grecians mur­ mured against the Hebrews because, By LESLIE W. SLOAT as they supposed, their widows were neglected in the daily ministration N previous articles we have con­ men classes, and after one professes his (Acts 6:1). It was then that under the I sidered two of the reading books acceptance of their teachings, and. ad­ guidance of the apostles a new office of the new Curriculum for Sunday herence to their community, he is per­ was established in the church. It was schools of' the Presbyterian Church in mitted to join with them in the sacra­ the diaconate, the office of mercy. It the U.S.A. We have discovered that ment of the Lord's Supper. is a permanent office in which, through­ they present confused and erroneous In these matters of outward form 'out the centuries, the love of the mem­ teachings concerning the life and work the book is generally correct, in our bers of the church for one another, of our Saviour, Jesus Christ. opinion. Even here, however, certain particularly for the poor and needy, We now turn to the third of these matters of doubtful propriety are intro- comes to tangible expression, reading books, a volume by Paul S. . duced. Thus Peter is pictured as being Minear and entitled "The Choice." in Rome, and as being imprisoned and In the same letter in which he be­ Designed for senior high school and probably killed there, during Nero's rated the Corinthian Christians for college youth, it is an imaginative ac­ reign. Romanism has claimed that divisions among them, the apostle Paul count of a young Jew who went to Peter visited that city, and has tried strongly stressed the truth that believers Rome to help rebuild some of the build­ to make capital for its Papal system are members of one body. And not ings destroyed by the famous fire dur­ from this claim. But history does not only did he exhort them to behave ing Nero's reign, in the 60S of the support the claim. Though the ques­ toward one another as members of the first century. Thissetting makes for tion has not been definitely settled, same body should, he also declared an interesting story in itself. The writer there is good reason to doubt that boldly that harmonious operation of pictures this Jew, Clement, coming to Peter ever was' in Rome. We are also the members of the church is as much Rome, worshipping in the local syna­ told that Mark, who is a chief figure a fact as is the harmonious operation gogue, hearing Peter preaching the in the story, did, not know of Jesus of the members of the human body. gospel, coming into contact with the until three years after the Crucifixion. The church is the body of Christ. Be­ little Christian community, watching But again it has been frequently main­ lievers are the members of that body. the Christians in their fellowship and tained that the young man of Mark They are controlled by the one Head. their suffering, and finally accepting 14:51 was Mark himself, and if so Therefore they do act harmoniously. their faith as his own and being cast he was in contact with the disciples All that is plainly implied in the words: out of the synagogue. even before the crucifixion. And finally, "For by one Spirit are we all baptized while there was an actual Clement into one body" (I Cor. 12:13). Historical Background associated with the Roman church near The harmony that prevails among We have no reason to doubt that the the end of the first century, who wrote the members of Christ's church is picture given here, in so far as it re­ a letter which is still studied, the plac­ made to stand out strikingly in re­ lates to the outward forms of church ing of that individual in the setting lation to their diversity. Harmony life and organization in Rome at this of this book is quite arbitrary. In a presupposes diversity. When identical time, is substantially correct. The book intended to be used in connection voices sing identical notes, no one 'church' is a group of believers who with the study of the early church, the thinks of harmony. But when different meet in a private house. Missionaries taking of dogmatic positions on matters voices sing different notes and yet visit the synagogue and preach on its of this sort can well lead to confusion. blend with each other, the product is porch. Inquirers attend the Christian harmony. If the human body consisted meetings, and questions of Christian Early Christianity of several parts, all of the same size and faith are discussed. There are catechu- But these historical questions are

) g.: 1949 THE P·RESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN relatively minor matters as compared New Road in Jesus but carefully omit, the true and essen­ with the far more important question . In support of the positions stated in tial doctrine of Scripture and of the of what Christianity, as. a faith, was in the previous paragraph, we shall quote standards of the Presbyterian Church. the middle of the first century. This from the book before us. On pages 122 For the 1923 Assembly of that church was very close to the period when and following, Clement is supposedly declared that "It is an essential doctrine Paul's letters were written. The period reading Paul's letter to the Romans. of the Word of God and our standards is itself probably covered in the narra­ A summary of the first portion of that that Christ offered up Himself a sacri­ tive . of Acts. The book before us, letter is given. Both Gentiles and Jews fice to satisfy Divine justice and to in the course of the narrative, attempts are under condemnation. If everyone reconcile us to God." Minear's book also to describe-to us the Christianity was under condemnation, what was would have us think that the 1923 of this time. And the description it the solution to the situation. Clement, Assembly was wrong. We think that gives is essentially and basically wrong. we are told, "did not need to read much in this it was true to Scripture. farther to get a glimpse at the answer. We make that statement without According to the writer, God. has in­ Christ Repents hesitation. The heart of the Christian tended to close the roads which Jew That Christ is viewed as our ex­ faith of the first century lay in the and Greek followed in order to open a ample, rather than as our redeemer, is death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, new road. He revealed this new road plain also in the matter of repentance. viewed as one grand redemptive act in Jesus the Messiah. Apart from Him The first of the catechumen classes which brought deliverance from the all are lost. But through Him all may deals largely with repentance. But guilt and punishment of sin for those be saved. Though all men have sinned what is repentance? The Constitution who trusted in Jesus as their Saviour. and are under condemnation, God of the Presbyterian Church declares As Paul said, "that Christ died for our loves all men equally and has disclosed that "Repentance unto life is a saving sins according to the Scriptures, and His love by sending His Son to die for grace, whereby a sinner, out of a true that He was buried, and that He rose men, while they were still sinners. sense of his sin, and apprehension of again the third day according to the Now, the man who recognizes his own the mercy· of God in Christ, doth, scriptures, and that He was seen ...," helplessness and trusts God's love com­ with grief and hatred of his sin, turn wa~ the heart of the Gospel (I Cor. pletely can start life again on a new from it unto God, with full purpose 15:3-5). The religion of the Christian basis. Accepting God's forgiveness, he of and endeavour after, new obedience" community was a religion of redemp­ can be freed from despair and con­ (Shorter Catechism Q. 87). Read tion, and the adherents of that com­ demnation. He can begin again as a that statement, and then read this: munity believed that they had been son of Abraham, a member of the "Jesus Himself, our Messiah came redeemed by the work of Christ, who family to whom God fulfills his prom­ and was baptized by John, entering died under the judgment of God in ises ... those who follow the Messiah the road of repentance" (p. 93). their place, so that His death was a on this new road receive the Holy Or this, "The truest picture, one from substitutionary sacrifice which satisfied Spirit as a constant companion" (p. which we cannot escape is the pic­ the justice of God and made recon­ 124) . ture of our Lord. In Him repentance ciliation between God and His people. At first glance this might seem good, was perfect." (p, 198). Now it is The religion set forth in this book, but notice that it carefully omits that true that repentance, in this book, however, is not such a religion of re­ which is the heart of the third chapter does not mean sorrow for anJ turning demption. For here Christ is pictured of Romans, the propitiatory character from sin. Hence the apparent impli­ as a Saviour only in the sense of His of the death of Christ. Christ is the cations of the above contrast cannot being an example, the first one to example, and in Him a new "road" be drawn. Repentance, according to travel the road. His death likewise is was opened, which we follow, but this Minear, is rather an attitude of humility pictured as exemplary and revelatory, is not the Pauline doctrine that Christ and self-denial. This is clear in the dis­ but not as a redemptive act. His resur­ is the redeemer, and that the very cussion of it as presented.on pages 188ff. rection is pictured in terms which 'righteousness' possessed by the be­ But that just makes the whole matter would be satisfied by a hallucination liever is the righteousness of God im­ worse. For the author is describing. theory of that event. And Christianity puted to him on the grounds of Christ's Christianity in terms of repentance and as presented in the Catechumen classes atoning work. That it is Minear's faith, an approach traditional in Chris­ is a way of life involving chiefly re­ view of the death of Christ becomes tianity. But then it appears that re­ pentance in the sense of humility, and even more clear in some other con­ pentance doesn't mean what it has forgiveness of others. In all of this nections. traditionally meant. And so the Chris­ we have nothing more or less than the Thus the glorified Christ, after the tianity of Minear becomes something old' modernism of the present day, resurrection, explains the Cross in these that involves walking a new road carried back into the first century, and words: "The Cross is the road to the under the inspiration of Christ's ex­ made to appear as the religion of the Kingdom, he explained, and it was ample, but it is no longer a matter Christian community at that time. The necessary for the Messiah to take that of redemption from the guilt of sin, whole picture is utterly unhistorical road so that men like us might also through what Christ did in history. and anachronistic. It is a part of the find it" (p. 173). Or consider this The two interpretations are utterly program by which the Presbyterian explanation, "God is willing even to different, and mutually exclusive. Church U.S.A. is trying to educate its sacrifice His Son in order to demon­ youth into thinking that Modernism strate His power over sin and death" Resurrection: Fact or Fancy? is Christianity. But Modernism is not (p. 52). Whatever may be included We referred above also to the resur­ Christianity. in such statements, they do not include, rection of Christ. Minear speaks in 14 THE PRESBYTERIAN GU ARBIAN January this book of the resurrection. He One thing is certain. Peter would according to Minear the catechumen speaks of it as a fact. But when he never have described the resurrection classes are placed after one's admission comes to speak more plainly of what in such terms. He who had run to to the Lord's. Supper. Actually they he means, we cannot avoid the con­ the tomb and found it empty on the came before such admission. viction that he implicitly denies that third day, who had talked with Jesus Such is the third of the reading Christ was raised on the third day in that same Sunday afternoon, seen Him books sponsored by the Presbyterian the same body in which He suffered, with the disciple group that evening, Church in the U.S.A. as a means for which is the Scriptural teaching con­ and again with Thomas present a week helping its young people understand cerning that event. later-that man would' never have Christianity. But the Christianity it Here is the passage to which we given a vague appearance "in heavenly presents is not the Christianity of the rder. Peter is supposedly explaining, glory" at the lake of Galilee as the basis Bible or of the standards of the Pres­ ~rom prison, why he is not afraid or of the change in the disciples from des­ byterian Church itself. This is rather ~iscouraged. "Most of all, however, pair to courage and hope. And of modern unbelief, parading in the terms there comes back to me the scene at course Peter's words, "Depart from and guise of the historic faith. In t~e lake of Galilee, after the cruci­ me . . . ," come from a much earlier promoting such unbelief the officialdom f1xion. We disciples had given up, point in his relationship to Christ. He of that church is being untrue to Jesus il'nd were back in the boat fishing. never said that after the crucifixion Christ, untrue to the Scriptures, and $ut our hearts weren't in the fishing, and resurrection, either! untrue to its own heritage. and we kept talking, in aching des­ Incidental features of this book are May God grant that its members and pair, about how our hopes had crum­ also objectionable. One is the prac­ its leaders will, with the help of His bled and how God had forsaken us. I tice of quoting passages of Scripture, Holy Spirit, repent sincerely of par­ think that deep in our hearts we knew and, with no indication of the fact, ticipation in the sin of promoting such that we had been faithless to God, omitting phrases and even sentences unbelief, and separate from a denomin­ but we were aware only of a haunting from the quotations. It is also notable ation where such Christ-denying doc­ feeling that God had been faithless to that- when Clement is received into trine is propagated. The work of the to us. None of us knew what to do. the membership of the Christian com­ church in this world is too important "Then he appeared to us. We saw munity, nothing is said about his being for Christians to sit idly by as a great Him in His heavenly glory, white and baptized. He tells the leader he is denomination teaches the coming gen­ .dazzling. He came toward us and ready to join them, and is taken directly eration to travel the pathway of un­ called us to the shore. He broke bread in to the sacramental meal. Moreover belief. with us, and explained to us why His Father had led Him to the cross ... He asked us how much we loved Him. This time I could only stammer, 'De­ part from me, for I am a sinful man, a Orthodox Presbyterian Lord'" (p. 112f). One of the explanations of the resur­ Church News <, rection story given by those who don't believe the resurrection happened, is East Orange, N.J.: On November Club meets SAturday afternoons, under called the hallucination theory. People 21 Miss Frances Healy spoke at the the leadership of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph do have hallucinations in which, under Machen League meeting and at the B. Meier, who with their three children great emotional pressure, they think evening worship service of Covenant have recently united with Covenant they see people and events that are not Church. _ During the interim between Church. In two weeks 30 youngsters there at all. So it is said the disciples her scheduled sailing date and the time united with the Club. after the crucifixion came to have hal­ she actually embarked, which was Portland, Me.: The Do-It Club, a lucinations that they saw Jesus. One December 9, she was a guest at the new organization of young ladies of thing is essential to this theory. The home of Elder Matthew McCroddan.. Second Parish Church, sponsored a appearances could not have taken place During these days she endeared herself Thanksgiving festival in November, at Jerusalem near the time of the cruci­ to the whole congregation. On the and seven baskets of food were dis­ fixion, for then the fact could have been Wednesday before Thanksgiving the tributed to needy families. . A Youth checked by a visit to the tomb. The congregation sustained a great loss in For Christ rally is held every Saturday appearances must have taken place far the passing of Mr. Albert K. Woodruff, evening in the vestry of the church, away in Galilee, and some time after who had been suddenly stricken with sponsored by a group of young people the crucifixion. acute leukemia. 'AI' bore a wonder­ in the city. On December 19th the In Minear's account we have the fully clear and buoyant Christian testi­ annual candlelight service was held appearance taking place in Galilee, with mony up to the very hour he was taken at the church, under the direction of no indication, but rather an implicit to be with the Lord ... The evening Mr. and Mrs. Carleton Winslow. On penial, that there had been any pre­ service December 5 was conducted by January 8 the pastor, the Rev. Calvin vious appearances. And Christ is seen the quartet from Westminster Theo­ Busch, spoke at a city-wide youth rally "in his heavenly glory, white and dazz­ logical Seminary, with student Meilahn in Brunswick, Maine, where Bowdoin ling." Minear of course doesn't say bringing the message. A recently or­ College is located. Plans are being made so. But there is nothing in this narra­ ganized 'Ninety-and-Nine' Club is to redecorate the church auditorium. tive to oppose those who hold the hal­ seeking to reach boys and girls of the Bend, Oregon: The Westminster lucination theory. neighborhood with the gospel. The Church choir presented as a Christmas 1949 THE PRESBYTERIAN GU ARB IAN 15 cantata on the evening of December for breaking ground for the new church teet's plans for the first unit of the new 19th the work of Holton, "The Chorus building early this year. building to be erected at this site have in the Skies." During the six weeks Rochester, N.Y.: Mr. Lambert been completed. The interest of both ending December rzth, the Sunday Schumacher and Mr. Charles Remein the church people and people of the school increased its average attendance were ordained as deacons in the Me­ community has been aroused, and many to 108, as against an average for the morial Church on January 2. Mr. P. J. are ready to help in the work. It is same Sundays last year of 78. The Vanderberg was ordained as elder at expected the first unit of the building' Sunday school Christmas program was the same service. The Rev. John P. will cost about $20,000. presented during the school period on Galbraith, general secretary of the Mis­ Three young men, members of Park Sunday morning, the 19th. An offer­ sions Committees, is to preach .at Me­ Hill Church, are now candidates under ing was received for the home missions morial and Covenant Churches on Jan- care of the Presbytery of the Dakotas, work of the denomination. uary 16. . planning to enter the ministry. One Volga, S.D.: A unique feature of Pittsburgh, Pa.: The Veteran's Choir of them expects to enter Westminster the 'Watchnight service' of Calvary of Calvin College rendered a concert Seminary this year. church was a series of recorded mes­ of sacred music at Covenant Church The Christian Day School, sponsored sages of greeting from former pastors on December 28. A junior choir has by the Denver Christian School Associ­ of the church. The film, "Reaching been organized, and is singing at the' ation of which Mr. Male is president, from Heaven," was also presented at evening services from time to time. opened its second year last fall with this service. Average attendance at New Haven; Conn.e The active over 60 pupils, supervised by three Sunday school jumped for a six week young people's organization of First teachers. A fourth teacher has since period this fall to 99, as compared with Church, Hamden, is currently studying been employed, Mrs. Bryce Senter. All an average of 63 for the same Sundays the life of Christ, using the lessons regular school subjects and special a year ago. A Christmas fellowship which were published in THE PRESBY­ courses in music and physical educa­ supper, with 120 persons in attendance, TERIAN GUARDIAN. At the Friday even­ tion are taught in the school, as well was served on December S. On Sun­ ing Study Club meetings, the syllabus as the Bible. The school's operating day morning, December 12, the Rev. on Old Testament Prophecy written expense at the present time is about John P. Galbraith, General Secretary of by Dr. Edward J. Young is being used. $500 per month, of which 60 per cent the Home and Foreign Missions Com­ On the occasion of the annual Sun­ comes from tuition and fees, and the mittees, preached the sermon. day School program, Miss Constance remainder from contributions. Schenectady, N.Y.: The Christmas .Pend1ebury was presented with a gift Mr. Male writes that he· and his cantata "Bethlehem" by J. H. Maun­ by members of the church, in apprecia­ family ('a mere nine') are delightfully' der was presented by the Choir of Cal­ tion of her services as church pianist. housed in the activities building of vary church on Sunday evening, De­ West Collingswood, N.].: The re­ First Church, where an apartment has cember 19. On Monday evening the ligious film, "The Power of God," was been prepared for them. In another Sunday school Christmas program was presented at the New Year's Eve serv­ apartment in the same building Mr. held, Mr. G. Travers Sloyer preached ice at Immanuel Church. Plans are and Mrs. Bryce Senter are living. Mr. in the morning and Mr. George Sil­ under way for a ro-week Bible Study Senter is teaching in the South Denver burn in the evening of December 26. course, to begin the last Wednesday of Christian School. A buffet supper followed by a watch­ January. Miss Louise Crawford, one The letter from Mr. Male concludes night testimony service was held on of the teachers in the Christian Day with this paragraph: "In the face Friday evening, December 31. School, was received into church mem­ of shallow dispensationa1ism, and com­ bership on January 2. promising Fundamentalism, the Re­ Franklin Square, N.Y.: On Christ­ formed Faith in which we were Sowell mas Sunday morning the pastor of the instructed in our Alma Mater is soul­ Franklin Square church, the Rev. satisfying. What a blessing it is to be Robert Vining, spoke over Station Park Hill Church of Denver in a denomination where we are not WGBB of Freeport on the subject, "His Plans Building forced to apologize for playing along Name, Jesus." The mixed choirs ren­ D DRING the past year the First with Christ-denying. Modernism!" dered the cantata, "The Christ Child," Orthodox Presbyterian Church of at the evening service December 26. DenvervColorado, of which the Rev. Evergreen Park. Ill.: The annual W. Benson Male is pastor, has taken fellowship supper of the Westminster several steps toward an expanded pro­ Back to God Hour Church and Sunday school was held gram of church activity. Some time December I in the Christian Reformed ago a union was effected with the in Philadelphia Church building. Over 120 persons Colorado Boulevard Mission, and the HE radio program of the Christian attended. The program included ma­ combined group adopted the name, the T Reformed Church, which is known rimba numbers by Mrs. Donald Siegers Park Hill Orthodox Presbyterian as the Back-to-God Hour. can now be and a religious sound film, "Door to Church of Denver. heard in the Philadelphia area over Heaven," presented by Mr. Henry The changing character of the neigh­ station ·WIBG. The current time is Riemersma. The Sunday school Christ­ borhood in which First Church was Sunday from 1:30 to 2 p.m. Beginning mas program was presented December located also led to the purchase of 10 April 24, the time will be Sunday from roth. Nearly $400 was received for lots strategically located in the vicinity 9:30 to 10 p.m. Christians are urged the building fund during November of the Mission, at the corner of E. 34th to listen, and to invite their friends to and December. Plans are under way Avenue and Albion Street. The archi- listen to this program. 16 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN January Miss Healy Arrives . First C....lstmas in Korea CABLE received at the ForeI~n N a letter sent to a number of h~r A Missions office on January 3 In­ I friends in this country, Mus CHANGE OF ADDRESS dicated that Miss Frances Healy had Florence Handyside, missionary of The arrived at Ghinda, Eritrea the morning Orthodox Presbyterian Church tells of Effective immediately of the same day-Monday the third. her first Christmas in Korea. Miss Florence Handyside's Previously a card had indicated she mailing address is Korea was landing at Alexandria Dece~~r "MY first Christmas in Korea has Theological Seminary, Pu- 28. According to that card, her tnp been a very joyful one and a . san, Korea. The A.P.O. had been uneventful, except that all her happy climax to my work in Seoul. I address she formerly used money was stolen in Genoa, Italy. think I shall never forget my first is no longer available. Friendly passengers on the ship held experience in teaching the Christmas sales of one sort or another and turned story (illustrated on the flannel board) the money over to her, to help make up some of what she had lost. to a group of eager-eyed Korean Sun­ Presbyterian Church. They have seven young~ters. day school .They listened children (wonderful help for language so quietly and patiently In spite of the study). None of them speak English. fact that I was teaching through an I shall have one large room for myself, interpreter. Next Christmas I trust I with sliding doors all over the place, Editorial shall be able to teach them in Korean. lovely large windows, roomy cubby­ (Continued from page 4) "Christmas Eve the Youth for Christ holes and closets. The floor is covered group, both Koreans and GI's, went been "betrayed" and "most emphatic" by Japanese mats, so if you visit me protest must be made. caroling on the streets of Seoul from you must remove your shoes at the about 8:30 to 10:30 p.m. ~he Kor~an The Orthodox Presbyterian Church door. I might even make you sit on is a voluntary association. It was Christians usually do their carolIn~ the floor for my furniture is rather from midnight Christmas night until formed to bear witness at home and scarce. abroad to Christian truth. By Chris­ about 6 a.m, Christmas morning. Woe "I can hear you ask-'What will you unto you if you plan on sleeping dur­ tian truth was meant at the start, and eat KimChi and Rice?' Perhaps some­ ~till is meant the system of doctrine ing that time! ti~es, but I also have American canned S~ripture . "Being especially fortunat~ I had ~he set forth in and summarized food which has been sent from the in the Westminster standards. Com­ privilege of eating two Chnstmas din­ States. Thanks to the prompt and effi­ ners ... Dr. Appenzeler and some of mitted to that faith, The Orthodox cient efforts of the Rev. Carl Ahlfeldt Presbyerian Church should oppose all the ladies of the Methodist Mission and the Church in San Francisco my entertained me for dinner at noon and departures from that faith, and should food supplies arrived a few weeks ago support all efforts to be loyal to that at night I was with Dr. and Mrs. and have already been sent to Pusan. UnderWood of the Presbyterian Mis­ faith. We believe that to the best of "My work at first will be primarily its ability it has been doing this, and sion, and their family and friends. It language study, and after awhile per­ was wonderful to hear them tell of will continue to do it, both in our haps some teachingin the Bible school country and on the foreign field. their first Christmas in Korea-some recently opened in Pusan under the 50 years ago, some 10, etc. They have It seems to us that before members auspices of the Korea Theological Sem­ of any congregation in the Church pay certainly given their best for Korea inary. If the Lord so leads, I should and are still giving but there is a undue heed to charges that the denomi­ also like to have Bible classes in the nation is controlled by some "narrow" special need now for the younger city High School. generation to come out and carryon. interpretation of theology and has "be­ "Saying. goodbye to Korean and trayed" its original purpose, they should So far there are less than twenty-five American friends here in Seoul, and young missionaries in all Korea. Our take great care to learn the actual facts leaving my Bible Class students is of the case. They should make sure Church has two. Korea needs our difficult-but I anticipate with much Christian guidance ~n.d leader~h!p for that any action proposed to them will joy the opportunities for service which not in the end lead them away from she is confused, politically, spiritually lie ahead... ." and every other way. It is a wonderful the narrow road of truth that Christ opportunity for our Orthodox Presby­ appointed for His disciples. terian young people. Come out a?d It seems to us also that those who see-and work. 'The fields are white World Day are even now in an ecclesiastical fel­ unto harvest, but the laborers are few.' lowship so broad that they must share of Prayer " the road with error and unbelief ought "The first month of the new year HE American Council of Christian well consider whether perhaps such a will find me iI\ Pusan, getting adjusted Churches has prepared for free dis­ T "narrow" adherence to the truth as to my life as a full-fledged missio?~ry. tribution a pamphlet containing a sug­ The Orthodox Presbyterian Church I wish you could see my new living ~f gested program for a World's Day seeks to maintain does not mark just quarters-but you shall, for I am send­ Prayer service. Friday, March 4 IS the place where by the grace of God ing some slides home with pictures of the date for this observance. Copies they should be expending their efforts the Korean house in which I shall live. may be obtained from the offices of the as servants of God and of His Christ. I shall live with a lovely Korean family. American Council, IS Park Row, New .The father is a 'Chipsa' elder in a York 7. L. W. S.

j "/ .i 1949 THE PRESBYTERIAN GU AllDIAN GUARDIAN NEWS C01'1\1'1\£i'rr).\'"r 0 R

VIEWING THE NEWS FROM THE RELIGIOUS NEWS SERVICE AND THE RELIGIOUS AND SECULAR PRESS

The World Council .ndSoci.lism This is true in Americaas well as in Hungary. And those who engage in R. WINFRED E. GARRISON, ation of articulate opinion was social­ that sort of activity must expect the M Professor Emeritus of Church istic." Though he does not think that state to take an unsympathetic attitude t History at Chicago University, in a the machinery of the World Council toward them. r year-end report on religion in 1948, will be used to advance any form of described the formation of the World collectivism,' one wonders, on the basis Liberalism in Council of Churches in Amsterdam as of his own analysis, what else there is Edueation the most conspicuous religious event for the World Council to do. of the year, "and probably in the long N 1947 there was passed in Northern run the most important." He failed Arrest of I Ireland an Education Act which even to mention the formation of the made the teaching of religion in public International Council of Christian Mindszenthy and voluntary schools compulsory. In. Churches. That apparently was not' OMAN Catholic Cardinal Minds­ the fall of 1948, under the joint spon­ sufficiently "conspicuous," though it R zenthy of Hungary, who has sorship of Anglican, Presbyterian and was characterized by a much greater consistently opposed the present Com­ Methodist churches, a syllabus was pre­ concern for Christian truth. munist regime in that country, and pared and published, designed to help Concerning the World Council Gar­ especially the nationalization of church those engaged in this religious instruc­ rison said, "In spite of wide differences schools, has been arrested and removed tion. . in theology, liturgy, and polity, the to a secret place of imprisonment, by It now appears that a protest signed member Churches found their agree­ the Hungarian officials. The charges by a great many persons is being cir­ ments sufficient to be the basis for against him are "espionage, treason, culated, objecting to the heresy of the practical cooperation and for further and black market currency dealings." syllabus. The syllabus apparently goes consultations directed toward closer Support of these charges is based on down the line with the Modernist in unity," But he adds, "A rather decided private papers found in the cellar of his denying the truth of the Bible and in slant toward the left was discernible home shortly before the arrest. praising those who have stood for in the discussions and reports of the It was not long ago that Lutheran Modernism in recent times. 'sections' on social, economic and inter­ Bishop Ordass of Hungary was arrested The minister of education in North­ national questions. British, middle­ and imprisoned on charges of fraudu­ ern Ireland is expected to appoint a European and Oriental 'opinion tipped lent handling of currency. The govern­ commission to investigate the charges heavily toward socialism." ment of Hungary, with its miscellan­ against the new syllabus. This is an interesting analysis. A eous laws, can probably find ground for The situation in Northern Ireland World Council of \ Churches was arresting anyone it wants to get out of pictures the problem which arises when formed. But there were wide differences the way. Cardinal Mindszenthy has the state assumes authority over the in theology, liturgy, and polity. It is in repeatedly issued pastoral letters to be education of children, and especially these, however, that the essentials of a read in the churches, denouncing the over their religious instruction. The church would seem to consist. What interference by the state in internal state as such is not competent to direct is left is not officially the business of affairs of the church. His arrest was such education, especially in deciding the church as such. But according to not unexpected. the content of the instruction. Garrison it is in this other area that We have no sympathy with the Regardless, however, of what the basis is found for further cooperation. actions of the Hungarian· government minister of education there may do, it' And in this other area, the tendency in making religious leaders who speak will be interesting to see what the is definitely toward socialism. In other out of conviction, the target of their .churches themselves do about those words, the World Council was estab­ persecuting zeal. On the other hand, within their bounds who have put out lished, not on the basis of any sort especially within Romanism, there can this syllabus in unbelief. of "community" in those matters be little doubt that Catholic leaders do which are central in the life of the take an active part in political life in Training Ministers' church, but rather on an agreement their countries. There are Catholic "to the left" on economic and social political parties in many of the coun­ Wives questions. He confirms this by stating tries of Europe. That Catholic clergy OST theological·· seminaries III later that "There was no underwriting play leading behind-the-scenes roles in M these days are faced with the of socialism, but the prevailing color- these parties can hardly. be denied: fact that many of their students are r I • \1

f .:;<:'j.' ., .' ,.,.:-'-y i.. , i $" 18 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN January j married, and hence their campuses are Withdraws from Canadian Africans Send OHering filled with future mistresses of the Presbyterian Church to America manse, as well as eager young minis­ terial candidates. H E pastor and congregation of the sermon on "the evils of civiliza­ I Emory University in Georgia has T Westminster Presbyterian Church A tion and the bad habits of some decided to do something about the of Sydney, Nova Scotia, have with­ Americans in their neglect of Chris­ situation, by giving schooling to the drawn from the Presbyterian Church tianity," prompted a native congrega­ I wives also. While the prospective of Canada because of alleged Modern­ tion in West Africa to send an offering preachers "baby sit" at home, the wives ism in that church. Particular claims of $25.25 to America. It was directed attend classes to learn to be better min­ were that the Church permits in its to the bishop of the Episcopal Diocese isters' helpers. Maybe some training colleges teachings contrary to Scripture, of Chicago. The donors requested that would be a help to all preachers' help­ that it has refused to take disciplinary the money be used to further work meets. action against a minister who publicly done among Negro congregations in denied the virgin birth of Christ, that Chicago. it is a member of the World Council, German Visitors' to and that money contributed to support the historic Christian faith is used to Study American Churches pro~ote projects permeated. with Mod­ Archbishop's Son LAN S are under way to bring to ermsm. Marries Catholic Westminster Church was organized P. this country a number of German H E son of the Archbishop of Can­ representatives who will study various about twelve years ago. Its pastor is the Rev. Alexander A. Murray. T terbury, leading dignitary of the aspects of American church life. The Church of England, was married on program of the visitors will be directed December 18 to a Roman Catholic. by various religious groups. The entire The young man, Henry P. Fisher, said enterprise is sponsored by the American Atomic Workers Want that he would -not become a Catholic, Military Government's Education and More Churches but did agree to the Romanist stipu­ Cultural Relations division, and ex­ lation in the case of such marriages penses will be paid by the United ORKERS at the Oak Ridge that any children be brought up as States government. The intention is W"atomic city" want more churches. Roman Catholics. The marriage service that these visitors, having gained' a At present the land is government took place at a Catholic church. The familiarity with specific areas of Amer­ owned and there is only one church Archbishop was not present. ican church life, will return to Ger­ building, which is used in rotation by many and be able to engraft in German various religious groups. There are a church life what they have learned number of ministers in the city, but over here. church groups have been unable to Ban on Snakes Sponsoring groups in this country purchase land for the erection of church include the National Catholic Welfare buildings. Senator Kefauver has prom­ HE Supreme Court of Tennessee Conference, and the National Con­ ised to try and get land available for T has'upheld a state law which for­ ference of Christians and Jews, while some of these groups. The proposed bids handling poisonous snakes in relic the Federal Council, the International plan is for the' Atomic Energy Com­ gious ceremonies. Basis of the decision Council on Religious Education and mission to sell land to church groups, was that the handling of poisonous the National Lutheran Council have with the understanding that it will snakes was dangerous to life and been asked to become sponsors. Under revert to the government if a church health, and could therefore be banned such an arrangement it is to be feared building is not erected. by the state, regardless of its relation to that the Protestants amon~ the visitors religion. The people could believe will see little save the Modernist ele­ what they chose, but they could not ments in our church life. act in public in a way which en­ Presbyterians Plan Min­ dangered life and health. isterial Superintendence Sabbath Award to HE General Assembly of the Pres­ Christian Reformed T byterian U.S.A. Church has set DeGaulle Will Support up a special department of Ministerial Church Schools HE Christian Reformed Church Relations, which will try and solve the T has received from the Lord's Day problem of getting the right pastor for ENERAL Charles DeGaulie who Alliance an award for "stressing the the right parish. Through a program G hopes to become the leading poli­ importance of Sabbath observance." of regional conferences, interchange of tical power in France has pledged This is the first such award given a information and other matters relative support by the state to church schools, . religious denomination. The award to pastoral' relations will be handled. if and when he and his RFP party was accepted on behalf of the Christian The new department will have an come into power. The matter is of Reformed denomination by the con­ executive secretary who, we doubt not, particular importance to the Roman gregation of the Alpine Avenue Chris­ will before long become like unto a Catholics. Many private schools are I tian Reformed Church of Grand general superintendent, supervising the on the verge of closing because of lack Rapids. placement of pastors, and their removal. of financial support. j I i I J I I 1 l ~ft -, elff 1949 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN 19

Ask Law Permitting Mission Travel the areas served by graduates of the Euthanasia Agency Seminary is a vast region with little EARLY four hundred Protestant NEW agency, Universal Travel in the way of garage service. Out on ~' N and Jewish clergymen have signed A Service, has been organized in the prairie alone with a car, it is a good a petition in New York state for pas­ Chicago to specialize in handling travel thing for the men to know what makes sage of a law permitting voluntary arrangements for missionaries, mission their machine tick. This is true, how­ , euthanasia for incurable sufferers. officials, and other church leaders. ever, not only in western Canada, but everywhere else also. Euthanasia of course means putting to Director of the agency is A. S. Bowker. death. The petition states that the The National Association of Evan­ "ending of the physical existence of gelicals, and the Evangelical Foreign' an individual, at his request, when Missions Association have already en­ affiicted with an incurable disease gaged this new service. which causes extreme suffering is, under proper safeguards, not only medically indicated, but also in accord Study Automobiles with the most civilized and humane in Seminary ethics and the highest concepts and TUDEN T S in St. Chad's Anglican practices of religion." S college in western Canada have a' Signers of the petition include such course in automotive engineering along well known liberals as Dr. Harry with their theological studies. One of Emerson Fosdick and Henry Sloane Coffin, former president of Union The­ ological Seminary. Says the Larger Catechism (Q.r36): "The sins forbidden in the sixth com­ mandment are, all taking away the life of ourselves, or of others, except in case of public justice, lawful war, or necessary defence; the neglecting or withdrawing the lawful and necessary means of preservation of life . . . ."

Many Missionaries Remain in China REPORT from the Foreign Mis- .A sions Conference of North Amer- i~a states that most foreign mission­ aries in China have remained at their posts. There are at present r r5 mis­ sionaries in Communist controlled areas (The report is dated December 30). The China Inland Mission is urging its missionary personnel to re­ main at their posts. It has about 50 missionaries in Communist dominated areas.

Lutheran Radio Budget H E Missouri Synod Lutherans have T increased their radio budget from $r,250,000 to $r,400,000 for the next fiscal year. Purpose of the increase is to secure additional stations, mostly on the Mutual Broadcasting system. The Lutheran Hour with Walter Maier is currently heard in 40 countries and is transcribed into 8 languages. The denomination is also considering film­ ing the program, and distributing it to television stations throughout the country. 20 TOE PRES.YTERIANGVARDIAN January, 1949

Outlawing Masked latest and best edition as prepared by Be sure to read •• Parades the Rev. Robert Frew. The plan is YOUTH SPEAKS ON CALVINISM to issue one of the eleven volumes EGISLATION has been introduced each month during 1949. The price A CHALLENGE TO THE CHURCH L in Georgia which. would outlaw of volumes will be $3.00 each, except Has Calvinism lost its message for masked or hooded public parades or for Revelation which will be $3.50. the world? Is the church meeting public assemblies. The bill is directed the needs of its youth? These and , against the Ku Klux Klan especially. related questions a re thoughtfully ; Agitation in this direction arose after considered by a group of Christian a Methodist minister protested a KKK Doolittle Flier Reformed young men in an up-to­ a Missionary the-minute 75 page pamphlet. parade and managed to bring about a Order from on'ly 40c Grand Jury investigation. ACOB DESHAZER of Madras, J Oregon, who some seven years ago BAKER BOOK HOUSE was one of the fliers in Doolittle's Grand Rapids, Michigan famous bombing raid on Tokyo, has returned to Japan as a missionary, STUDENTS WANTED Republishing under the Free Methodist Church. The Young Women & Young Men Barnes' Notes story is that after the raid he was Train for Mental Nursing N order to mark its tenth anm­ captured by the Japanese, and during I versary, the Baker Book House of imprisonment received a Bible from THE NEED IS Grand Rapids, Michigan, is arranging a sympathetic guard. Reading the GREAT to publish a new enlarged type edition Bible led to his conversion, and after You are wanted at the of Barnes' Notes on the New Testa­ the war ended he volunteered for mis­ ment. The printing will be from the sion service abroad. CHRISTIAN SANATORIUM WYCKOFF, N. J. Address .You may copy or clip this form for use in ordering Director of Nurses THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN 1505 Race si.. Phila. 2, Pa. SUNDAY SCHOOL Dear sirs: PAPERS' - Please send the books checked to the undersigned:- THE INFALLIBLE WORD (2.50) 0 Edited by Orthodox Bible Teachers WITNESS OF MATTHEW AND MARK TO CHRIST, Bible Lessons in Bible Order Stonehouse ($2.50) 0 Flannelgraph Pictures CHRISTIANITY AND LIBERALISM. Machen ($2.50)' 0 Ask for Samples Enclosed find $ to cover the above order. CHRISTIAN REFORMED PUBLISHING HOUSE Grand Rapids, Mich. r NAME . f I ADDRESS .. College Graduates Christian education on all levels and in all areas of knowledge will be­ come a reality only when educated Christians are united in the effort to formulate the principles of true Christian education; You may help OR D ER FOR M by applying for membership in: The Inter- Collegiate GoSpel Fellowship. THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN INCORPORATED 1505 Race Street, Philadelphia 2, Pa. 464 Pequot Avenue New London, Conn. Dear sirs: Enclosed find $2.00 for which please send The Presbyterian Guardian for one year ~o: - GO W N 5 ~-r • Pulpit and Choir. ~. Headquarters for Name DI,.~~~(; RELIGIOUS SUPPLIES

Address _ .'i '- !~;~_· I ii!I~... "..;;. .... tI-I·,.n.l.tlr~'_""_~ .. n... ~. _' • ;. e ••• . ;/1',,,'-,:;·'~~."' ~\",....i.. \' ,Il:'i '.Ir,•. .• '{ CAT.AlOG ON RfQUfST \t(ul.,A.:l,,",,,,J' , II . CHURCH GOOD' "lrr(~ The Presbyterian Guardian is a monthly magazine committed to stating. defending. and !.'c., • att",na SUPPLY COMPA'I( promoting orthodox Presbyterianism as set forth in the Westminster Confession of Faith. TIl 1321_22 ARCH ~T'REH, PHILADelPHIA 7, PA