Nineteenth-Century Travels, Explorations and Empires Writings from the Era of Imperial Consolidation 1835-1910

Home , Albert Hastings Markham, Charles Wilkes, Elisha Kent Kane, Sherard Osborn

NINETEENTH-CENTURY TRAVELS, EXPLORATIONS AND EMPIRES WRITINGS FROM THE ERA OF IMPERIAL CONSOLIDATION 1835-1910

Volume 1 NORTH AND SOUTH POLES

Edited by Peter J. Kitson

A v.. ••••• ' *-v> /\ :«. •.--. - * -•"" Universitätsbibliothek Bttfl Zentralbibliothek 2007

LONDON PICKERING & CHATTO 2003

digitalisiert durch: Nineteenth-century travels, explorations and empires IDS Basel Bern 2003-2004 CONTENTS

Acknowledgements vii

Note on Copy-texts viii

General Introduction ix

Introduction xvii

John Balleny, 'Discoveries in the Antarctic Ocean, in February 1839'. Extracted from the Journal ofthe schooner Eliza Scott, commanded by Mr. John Balleny, communicated by Charles Enderby, Esq., Journal ofthe Royal Geographica! Society of London 7 (1839) 1

Charles Wilkes, Narrative ofthe United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842 by Charles Wilkes, USN Commodore ofthe Expedition, member ofthe American Philosophical Society &c. Condensed and Abridged (1845) 15

James Clark Ross, A Voyage of Discovery and Research in the Southern and Antarctic Regions, During die Years 1839-43 (1847) 47

Lieutenant Sherard Osborn, Stray Leavesfrotn an Arctic Journal; or, Eighteen Months in the Polar Regions in Search of Sir John Franklin's Expedition, in the Years 1850-51. By Lieut. Sherard Osborn, Commanding H.M.S. Vessel 'Pioneer' (1852) 77

Elisha Kent Kane, 77K U.S. Grinnell Expedition in Search of Sir John Franklin: A Personal Narrative by Elisha Kent Kane (1854) 103

Charles Dickens, 'The Lost Arctic Voyagers', Household Words, 146 (Saturday, 9 December 1854) 129

Elisha Kent Kane, Arctic Explorations. 11« Second Grinnell Expedition in Search of Sir John Franklin 1853, 54, 55 (1856) 141

Sir Francis Leopold M'Clintock, The Voyage ofthe Fox in the Arctic Seas: A Narrative ofthe Fate of Sir John Franklin and His Companions by Captain M'Clintock (1859) 177 vi Nineteenth-Century Travels, Exploration and Empires: Volume 1

Captain Albert Hastings Markham, R.N., The Great Frozen Sea: A Personal Narrative ofthe Voyage ofthe Alert' During the Arctic Expedition of1875-6 (1878) 211

John Wilson Danenhower, History ofthe Adventures, Voyage and Terrible Shipwreck of the LJ.S. SteamerJeannette', in the Polar Seas, together with afull and particular account ofthe death of Lieutenant De Long, and his brave Shipmates and the rescue of Danenhower, Melville, and their heroic companions carefully compiledfrom authentic records with numerous Illustrations (1882) 243

George W. Melville, In the Lena Delta. A Narrative oftlie Search for Lieut.- Commander De Long and His Companions Followed by An Account ofthe Greely Relief Expedition andA Proposed Method ofReaching the North Pole by George W. Melville Chief Engineer U.S.N., edited by Melville Philips with Maps and Illustrations (1885) 261

Robert Edwin Peary, Northward over the 'Great Ice': A Narrative ofLife and Work along the Shores and upon the interior ice-cap of Northern Greenland in the years 1886 and 1891-1897, with a description ofthe little tribe of Smith- Sound Eskimos, the most northerly human beings in the world, and an account ofthe discovery and bringing hörne ofthe 'Saviksue', or Great Cape-York Meteorites (1898) 281

Frederick A. Cook, Through the First Antarctic Night 1898-1899. A Narrative ofthe Voyage ofthe 'Belgica' Among Newly Discovered Lands and Over an Unknown Sea About the South Pole (1900) 301

Robert Falcon Scott, The Voyage ofthe 'Discovery'... With 260 füll page and smaller illustrations by Dr. E. A. Wilson and other members ofthe expedition ... panoramas and maps (1905) 319 Robert Edwin Peary, Nearest tlie Pole. A Narrative ofthe Polar Expedition ofthe Peary Arctic Club in the S. S. Roosevelt, 1905-1906 (1907) 347

Further Reading 373 Notes 391 NINETEENTH-CENTURY TRAVELS, EXPLORATIONS AND EMPIRES WRITINGS FROM THE ERA OF IMPERIAL CONSOLIDATION 1835-1910

Volume 2 NORTH AMERICA

Edited by William Baker

l v A A *? V -syo Universitätsbibliothek Bern Zentraibibliothek 2007

LONDON PICKERING & CHATTO 2003 CONTENTS

Acknowledgements vii Introduction ix

Sir Charles Lyell, A Second Visit to die l hiited States of North America (1849) 1 Alexander Mackay, The Western World; or, Travels in the l 'nited States in 1846-47: Exhibiting them in their Latest Development Social, Political, and Industrial: Induding a Chapter on California (1849) Z3 George F. Ruxton, Adventures in Mexico and die Rocky Mountains (1849) 41 Isabella Lucy Bird [later Bishop], The Englishwoman in America (1856) 59 William Ferguson, America by River and Rad: or, Notes by die Way on die New World and its People (1856) 79 Thomas H. Gladstone, Kansas; or, Squatter Life and Border Warfare in die Far West (1857) 99 Clara Bromley, A Woman's Wanderings in the Western Worid: A Series of Letters Addressed to Sir Fitzroy Kelly, M.P. by his Daughter Mrs. Bromley (1861) "" 109 Samuel Phillips Day, Down South; or, An Englishman's Experience at die Seat ofthe American War (1862) ^ 121 Robert Ferguson, America During and After die War (1866) 145 Sir William Francis Butler, The Great Lotte Land: A Narrative of Travel and Adventure in die North-West of America (1872) 165 Wyndham-Quin, Earl of Dunraven, The Great Divide: Travels in die Upper Yeltowstone in the Summer of 1874 (1876) 183 George Jacob Holyoake, Among die Americans and a Stranger in America (1881) ' ' 207 George Augustus Sala, America Revisited: From the Bay ofNeiv York to the Gulfof Mexico, and from Lake Michigan to die Pacific (1883) 223 Emily Faithfull, Three Visits to America (1884) 239 vi Nineteenth-Century Travels, Exploration and Empires: Volume 2

E. Catherine Bates, A Year in the Great Republic (1887) 257 Sir E. W. Watkin, Canada and the States: Recollections 1851 to 1886 (1887) 273 William Garden Blaikie, Summer Suns in the Far West: A Holiday trip to the Pacific Slope (1890) 291 Alexander Craib, America and the Americans: A Narrative ofa Tour in the United States and Canada with Chapters on American Home Life (1892) 311 Eyre Crowe, With Thackeray in America (1893) 331 Lady Theodora Guest, A Round Trip in North America (1895) 345 William Archer, America To-Day: Observation and Reflections (1900) 359 Horace Annesley Vachell, Life and Sport on the Pacific Slope (1900) 373 Paul Fountain, The Great Deserts and Forests of North America, with a Preface by W. Hudson (1901) 397 James Bryce, 'America Revisited: The Changes ofa Quarter-Century,' Tlie Outlook, 25 March, 1905; 1 April, 1905 419 Alfred Rüssel Wallace, My Life: A Record of Events and Opinions (1908) 439

Further Reading 453 Notes 463 NINETEENTH-CENTURY TRAVELS, EXPLORATIONS AND EMPIRES WRITINGS FROM THE ERA OF IMPERIAL CONSOLIDATION 1835-1910

Volume 3 INDIA

Edited by Indira Ghose

'-'•-^^ätsbibiiothekBttft centraibibliothek 2007

LONDON PICKERING Sc CHATTO 2003 CONTENTS

Introduction ix

Alexander Burnes, Travels into Boklmra; Being die Account of ajourney from India to Cabool, Tartary, and Persia; Also, Narrative of a I 'oyage on die Indus, from the Sea to Lahore, with Presentsfrom the King of Great Britain; Performed under the Orders ofthe Supreme Govermem oj India, in die Years 1831, 1832, and 1833(1834) ' 1

Fanny Parks, Wanderings ofa Pilgrim in Search ofthe Picturesque, During Four-and-Twenty Years in the East; with Revelations of'Life in the Zenana (1850) 49

Richard Francis Burton, Scinde; or, the Utdiappy Valley (1851) 107

William Henry Sleeman, .4 Joiimey through die Kingdom ofOude, in 1849-50; by Direction ofthe Right Hon. die Earl ofDalliousie, Goveruor- General. With Private Correspondence relative to the Annexation qf'Oude to British India (1858) 161

[Mrs. G. Harris],^ Lady's Diary ofdie Siege ofl.ucknow, Writteiißr die Perusal ofFriends at Home (1858) 207

R. M. Coopland, A Lady's Escape from Gwalior and Life in die Eon oj'Agra during die Mutinies of1857 (1859) " " ' 258

William Howard Russell, My Diary in India, in du- year 1858-9 (1860) 291

Emily Eden, 'Up the Country': Letters written to her Sisterfrom die l "pper Provincesof India (1866) " 339

Emily Eden, Lettersfrom India, ed. by her Niece, the Hon. Eleanor Eden (1872) ' 374

Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, India Under Ripon: A Private Diary (1909) 405

Further Reading 405

Notes 411

Index 425 NINETEENTH-CENTURY TRAVELS, EXPLORATIONS AND EMPIRES WRITINGS FROM THE ERA OF IMPERIAL CONSOLIDATION 1835-1910

Volume 5 MIDDLE EAST

Edited by William Baker

General Introduction by Peter J. Kitson

Univarsltätsbi b'iothek Baffi Zentralbibliothek 2007

LONDON PICKERING & CHATTO 2004 CONTENTS

Acknowledgements vii Note on Copy Texts viii General Introduction ix Introduction xxi

Richard Robert Madden, Travels in Turkey, Egypt, Nubia, and Palestine, in 1824, 1825, 1826, and 1827 (1833) 1 Julia Pardoc, Tlie City ofthe Sultan, and, Domestic Manners ofthe Turks in 1836(1837) 45 Josias Leslie Porter, Five Years in Damascus: Induding an Account ofthe History, Topography, and Antiquities ofthat City; with Travels and Researches in Palmyra, Lebanon, and the Hauran (1855) 83 David Urquhart, T7ie Lebanon: (Mount Souria) A History and a Diary (\860) 107

William Hcpworth Dixon, Tlie Holy Land (1865) 135 William GifFord Palgrave, Narrative ofa Year'sjourney Through Central and Lastern Arabia (1862-1863) (1865) 157 Henry Baker Tristram, The Land of Israel: A Journal of Travels in Palestine, Undertaken with Special Reference to its Physical Character (1865) 187 Augustus Henry Mounsey, AJoumey Through the Caucasus and the InteriorofPersia (1872) ' 215 Isabel Burton, The Inner Life ofSyria, Palestine, and the Holy Land: From my Private Journal (1875) 237 Laurence Oliphant, T7ie Land ofGilead with Excursions in the Lebanon (1880) 269 Mary Esme" Scott-Stevenson, Our Ride Through Asia Minor (1881) 291 David G. Flogarth, A Wandering Scholar in the Levant (18%) 307 Mrs W. M. Ramsay, Everyday Life in Turkey (1897) 335 vi Xinetetnth-Cetitury Tratrh, Exploration and Empires: Volume .'

H. Rider Haggard, A Winter Pdgrimage Being an Account qt Travels through Palestine, Italy and the Island of Cyprus, Accomphshed in the year 1900(1901) ' 355 Further Reading 385 Notes 391 NINETEENTH-CENTURY TRAVELS, EXPLORATIONS AND EMPIRES WRITINGS FROM TF1E ERA OF IMPERIAL CONSOLIDATION 1835-1910

Volume 6 SOUTH SEAS AND AUSTRALASIA

Edited by Nicholas Thomas

othek c cl.ctr.ak --" 2007

LONDON PICKERING & CHATTO 2004 CONTENTS

Introduction vii

John Williams. A Narrative of Missionar)' Enterprises in the South Sea Island1:; with Remarks on the Natural History ofthe Islands, Origin, Languages, Traditions and l sages ofthe Inhabitants (1838) 1

Robert FitzRoy. Narrative ofthe Sunvying Voyages ofHis Majesry's Ships Adventure and Beagle, betwecn die years 1826 and 1836, describing the Examination ofthe Southern Shores of South America, and die Beagle's Circumnavigation ofthe Globe (1839) 37

John Lort Stokcs. Discoveries in Australia; With an Account ofthe Coasts and Rivers explored and suri'e)'ed during the Voyage of'H.M.S Beagle. in the Years 1837-38-39-40-41-42-43. By Cotnmand ofthe Lords Commissioners of the Admiralt)'. Atso a Narrative ofCaptain Owen Stanley's Visits to the Islands in die Arafura Sea (1846) 79

Charles Sturt, Narrative ofan Expedition into Central Australia Performed under die Authority ofHer Majesties Government during the Years 1844, 5, and 6: Together with a Notice ofthe Province of South Australia in 1847 (1849) 123

Mary Wallis, Life in Feejee, or, Five Years among the Cannibals, by a Lady (\85\)~ ' 163

John MacGillivray, Narrative ofthe Voyage ofHMS Rattlesnake, comrmnded by the late Owen Stanley, R.N., FRS &c. during the Years 1846-1850(1852) 203

John Elphinstone Erskine, Journal ofa Cmise among the Islands of the Western Pacific, induding the Feejees and others inhabited by the Polynesian Negro Races, in Her Majesty's Ship Havannah (1853) 233

Thomas Williams, Fiji and the Fijians: The Islands and tlteir Inhabitants (1858) " 267

Constancc Fredenca Gordon Cutnming,.-! Lady's Cruise in a French Man-of-War (1882) 287 i'i Nineteenth-Cenmry Travels, Exploration and Empires: Volume 6

Julian Thomas [pseudonym of Stanley James], Cannibals and Convicts: Notes on Personal Experiences in the Western Pacific (1886) 331 Charles Morris Woodford, A Naturalist Among the Head-Hunters (1890) 369 William Wyatt Gill, From Darkness to Light in Polynesia, with Illustrative Clan Songs (1894) 393 A. C. Haddon, Head-Hunters: Black, White and Brmvn (1901) 427 Further Reading 453 Notes 459 Page Conversions 465 NINETEENTH-CENTURY TRAVELS, EXPLORATIONS AND EMPIRES WRITINGS FROM THE ERA OF IMPERIAL CONSOLIDATION 1835-1910

Volume 7 AFRICA

Edited by Tim Youngs

',' r- h/»r

LONDON PICKERING & CHATTO 2004 CONTENTS

Acknowledgements LX

Introduction xi

Mansfield Parkyns, Life in Abyssinia: Being Notes Collected during Tliree Years' Residence and Travels in that Country (1853) 1 David Livingstone. Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa; induding a Sketch ofSixteen Years' Residence in the Interior of Africa, and a Journey from the Cape ofGood Hope to Loanda on the West Coast; thence across die Continent, down the River Zambesi, to the Eastem Ocean (1857) 25 William Charles Baldwin, African Hunting, from Natal to die Zambesi: induding Lake Ngami, the Kalahari Desert, etc., from 1852 to 1860 (1863)' ' 59 John Hanning Speke, Journal ofthe Discovery ofthe Source of the Nile (1863) ^ - - - ^

Richard F. Burton,.4 Mission to Gelele, KingofDahome, [1864] (1893) 109 Henry M. Stanley, How I Found Livingstone. Travels, Admitures, and Discoveries in Central Africa; induding Four Montlis' Residence with Dr. Livingstone (1872) 153 Anna Hinderer, Seventeen Years in the Yoruba Country: Memorials ofAnna Hinderer, wife ofthe Rev. David Hinderer, C.M.S. missionary in Western Africa (1872) " 217 Vemey Lovctt Camcron, Across Africa (1877) 239 Amelia B. Edwards, ,4 Tliousand Miles up the Nile (1877) 255 Annie B. Höre, To Lake Tanganyika in a Bath Chair (1886) 281 Henry M. Stanley, In Darkest Africa or the Quest Rescue, and Retreat of Emin Governor of Equatoria (1890) 309 James Sligo Jameson, Tlie Story oj'Tlie Rear Column ofthe Emin Pasha Relief Expedition by die Laie James S. Jameson, Naturalist to the Expedition (1890) 333 riii Sineteenth-Century Travels, Exploration and Empires: Volume 7

Herbert Ward. FiVe Years with the Congo Cannibals (1890) 369 Helen Caddick, .4 White Woman in Central Africa (1900) 379

Further Reading 403 Notes 421 NINETEENTH-CENTURY TRAVELS, EXPLORATIONS AND EMPIRES WRITINGS FROM THE ERA OF IMPERIAL CONSOLIDATION 1835-1910

Volume 8 SOUTH AMERICA

Edited by Neil L. Whitehead

• oc, ?;•:..: •sbibüothekBtm intraSaieiiothek 2007

LONDON PICKERING & CHATTO 2004 CONTENTS

Introduction vii

S. S. Hill. Travels in Peru and Mexico (1860) 1 Charles Daniel Dance, Recollection ofFour Years in Venezuela (1876) 51 Henry W. Bates, The Naturalist on the River Amazons (1863) 105 Frederick A. Ober, Camps in the Caribbees. The Adventures ofa Naturalist in the Lesser Antilles (1880) 157 Charles Barrington-Brown, Canoe and Camp Life in British Guiana (1877) 213 Henry Kirke, Twenty-five Years in British Guiana (1898) 267 Richard F. Burton, Explorations ofthe Highlands ofthe Brazil: with an Account oftlie Gold and Diamond Mines (1869) 327 Louis Agassiz, AJourney in Brazil by Professor and Mrs. Louis Agassiz (1868) 383 Further Reading 441 Notes 445 Index 455