Evolutionary History of Lake Tanganyika's Predatory Deepwater
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Eco-Ethology of Shell-Dwelling Cichlids in Lake Tanganyika
ECO-ETHOLOGY OF SHELL-DWELLING CICHLIDS IN LAKE TANGANYIKA THESIS Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE of Rhodes University by IAN ROGER BILLS February 1996 'The more we get to know about the two greatest of the African Rift Valley Lakes, Tanganyika and Malawi, the more interesting and exciting they become.' L.C. Beadle (1974). A male Lamprologus ocel/alus displaying at a heterospecific intruder. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The field work for this study was conducted part time whilst gworking for Chris and Jeane Blignaut, Cape Kachese Fisheries, Zambia. I am indebted to them for allowing me time off from work, fuel, boats, diving staff and equipment and their friendship through out this period. This study could not have been occured without their support. I also thank all the members of Cape Kachese Fisheries who helped with field work, in particular: Lackson Kachali, Hanold Musonda, Evans Chingambo, Luka Musonda, Whichway Mazimba, Rogers Mazimba and Mathew Chama. Chris and Jeane Blignaut provided funds for travel to South Africa and partially supported my work in Grahamstown. The permit for fish collection was granted by the Director of Fisheries, Mr. H.D.Mudenda. Many discussions were held with Mr. Martin Pearce, then the Chief Fisheries Officer at Mpulungu, my thanks to them both. The staff of the JLB Smith Institute and DIFS (Rhodes University) are thanked for help in many fields: Ms. Daksha Naran helped with computing and organisation of many tables and graphs; Mrs. S.E. Radloff (Statistics Department, Rhodes University) and Dr. Horst Kaiser gave advice on statistics; Mrs Nikki Kohly, Mrs Elaine Heemstra and Mr. -
Spatial Models of Speciation 1.0Cm Modelos Espaciais De Especiação
UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE BIOLOGIA CAROLINA LEMES NASCIMENTO COSTA SPATIAL MODELS OF SPECIATION MODELOS ESPACIAIS DE ESPECIAÇÃO CAMPINAS 2019 CAROLINA LEMES NASCIMENTO COSTA SPATIAL MODELS OF SPECIATION MODELOS ESPACIAIS DE ESPECIAÇÃO Thesis presented to the Institute of Biology of the University of Campinas in partial fulfill- ment of the requirements for the degree of Doc- tor in Ecology Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do título de Doutora em Ecologia Orientador: Marcus Aloizio Martinez de Aguiar ESTE ARQUIVO DIGITAL CORRESPONDE À VERSÃO FINAL DA TESE DEFENDIDA PELA ALUNA CAROLINA LEMES NASCIMENTO COSTA, E ORIENTADA PELO PROF DR. MAR- CUS ALOIZIO MARTINEZ DE AGUIAR. CAMPINAS 2019 Ficha catalográfica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Biblioteca do Instituto de Biologia Mara Janaina de Oliveira - CRB 8/6972 Costa, Carolina Lemes Nascimento, 1989- C823s CosSpatial models of speciation / Carolina Lemes Nascimento Costa. – Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2019. CosOrientador: Marcus Aloizio Martinez de Aguiar. CosTese (doutorado) – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia. Cos1. Especiação. 2. Radiação adaptativa (Evolução). 3. Modelos biológicos. 4. Padrão espacial. 5. Macroevolução. I. Aguiar, Marcus Aloizio Martinez de, 1960-. II. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Biologia. III. Título. Informações para Biblioteca Digital Título em outro idioma: Modelos espaciais de especiação Palavras-chave em inglês: Speciation Adaptive radiation (Evolution) Biological models Spatial pattern Macroevolution Área de concentração: Ecologia Titulação: Doutora em Ecologia Banca examinadora: Marcus Aloizio Martinez de Aguiar [Orientador] Mathias Mistretta Pires Sabrina Borges Lino Araujo Rodrigo André Caetano Gustavo Burin Ferreira Data de defesa: 25-02-2019 Programa de Pós-Graduação: Ecologia Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) Comissão Examinadora: Prof. -
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CICHLIFORMES: Cichlidae (part 3) · 1 The ETYFish Project © Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara COMMENTS: v. 6.0 - 30 April 2021 Order CICHLIFORMES (part 3 of 8) Family CICHLIDAE Cichlids (part 3 of 7) Subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae African Cichlids (Haplochromis through Konia) Haplochromis Hilgendorf 1888 haplo-, simple, proposed as a subgenus of Chromis with unnotched teeth (i.e., flattened and obliquely truncated teeth of H. obliquidens); Chromis, a name dating to Aristotle, possibly derived from chroemo (to neigh), referring to a drum (Sciaenidae) and its ability to make noise, later expanded to embrace cichlids, damselfishes, dottybacks and wrasses (all perch-like fishes once thought to be related), then beginning to be used in the names of African cichlid genera following Chromis (now Oreochromis) mossambicus Peters 1852 Haplochromis acidens Greenwood 1967 acies, sharp edge or point; dens, teeth, referring to its sharp, needle-like teeth Haplochromis adolphifrederici (Boulenger 1914) in honor explorer Adolf Friederich (1873-1969), Duke of Mecklenburg, leader of the Deutsche Zentral-Afrika Expedition (1907-1908), during which type was collected Haplochromis aelocephalus Greenwood 1959 aiolos, shifting, changing, variable; cephalus, head, referring to wide range of variation in head shape Haplochromis aeneocolor Greenwood 1973 aeneus, brazen, referring to “brassy appearance” or coloration of adult males, a possible double entendre (per Erwin Schraml) referring to both “dull bronze” color exhibited by some specimens and to what -
Mitochondrial ND2 Phylogeny of Tilapiines and the Evolution of Parental Care Systems in the African Cichlid Fishes
What, if Anything, is a Tilapia?ÐMitochondrial ND2 Phylogeny of Tilapiines and the Evolution of Parental Care Systems in the African Cichlid Fishes Vera Klett and Axel Meyer Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Germany We estimated a novel phylogeny of tilapiine cichlid ®sh (an assemblage endemic to Africa and the Near East) within the African cichlid ®shes on the basis of complete mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) gene sequences. The ND2 (1,047 bp) gene was sequenced in 39 tilapiine cichlids (38 species and 1 subspecies) and in an additional 14 nontilapiine cichlid species in order to evaluate the traditional morphologically based hypothesis of the respective monophyly of the tilapiine and haplochromine cichlid ®sh assemblages. The analyses included many additional cichlid lineages, not only the so-called tilapiines, but also lineages from Lake Tanganyika, east Africa, the Neotropics and an out-group from Madagascar with a wide range of parental care and mating systems. Our results suggest, in contrast to the historical morphology-based hypotheses from Regan (1920, 1922), Trewavas (1983), and Stiassny (1991), that the tilapiines do not form a monophyletic group because there is strong evidence that the genus Tilapia is not monophyletic but divided into at least ®ve distinct groups. In contrast to this ®nding, an allozyme analysis of Pouyaud and AgneÁse (1995), largely based on the same samples as used here, found a clustering of the Tilapia species into only two groups. This discrepancy is likely caused by the difference in resolution power of the two marker systems used. Our data suggest that only type species Tilapia sparrmanii Smith (1840) should retain the genus name Tilapia. -
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CICHLIFORMES: Cichlidae (part 5) · 1 The ETYFish Project © Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara COMMENTS: v. 10.0 - 11 May 2021 Order CICHLIFORMES (part 5 of 8) Family CICHLIDAE Cichlids (part 5 of 7) Subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae African Cichlids (Palaeoplex through Yssichromis) Palaeoplex Schedel, Kupriyanov, Katongo & Schliewen 2020 palaeoplex, a key concept in geoecodynamics representing the total genomic variation of a given species in a given landscape, the analysis of which theoretically allows for the reconstruction of that species’ history; since the distribution of P. palimpsest is tied to an ancient landscape (upper Congo River drainage, Zambia), the name refers to its potential to elucidate the complex landscape evolution of that region via its palaeoplex Palaeoplex palimpsest Schedel, Kupriyanov, Katongo & Schliewen 2020 named for how its palaeoplex (see genus) is like a palimpsest (a parchment manuscript page, common in medieval times that has been overwritten after layers of old handwritten letters had been scraped off, in which the old letters are often still visible), revealing how changes in its landscape and/or ecological conditions affected gene flow and left genetic signatures by overwriting the genome several times, whereas remnants of more ancient genomic signatures still persist in the background; this has led to contrasting hypotheses regarding this cichlid’s phylogenetic position Pallidochromis Turner 1994 pallidus, pale, referring to pale coloration of all specimens observed at the time; chromis, a name -
Hered 347 Master..Hered 347 .. Page702
Heredity 80 (1998) 702–714 Received 3 June 1997 Phylogeny of African cichlid fishes as revealed by molecular markers WERNER E. MAYER*, HERBERT TICHY & JAN KLEIN Max-Planck-Institut f¨ur Biologie, Abteilung Immungenetik, Corrensstr. 42, D-72076 T¨ubingen, Germany The species flocks of cichlid fish in the three great East African Lakes, Victoria, Malawi, and Tanganyika, have arisen in each lake by explosive adaptive radiation. Various questions concerning their phylogeny have not yet been answered. In particular, the identity of the ancestral founder species and the monophyletic origin of the haplochromine cichlids from the East African lakes have not been established conclusively. In the present study, we used the anonymous nuclear DNA marker DXTU1 as a step towards answering these questions. A 280 bp-fragment of the DXTU1 locus was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction from East African lacustrine species, the East African riverine cichlid species Haplochromis bloyeti, H. burtoni and H. sparsidens, and other African cichlids. Sequencing revealed several indels and substitutions that were used as cladistically informative markers to support a phylogenetic tree constructed by the neighbor-joining method. The topology, although not supported by high bootstrap values, corresponds well to the geographical distribution and previous classifica- tion of the cichlids. Markers could be defined that: (i) differentiate East African from West African cichlids; (ii) distinguish the riverine and Lake Victoria/Malawi haplochromines from Lake Tanganyika cichlids; and (iii) indicate the existence of a monophyletic Lake Victoria cichlid superflock which includes haplochromines from satellite lakes and East African rivers. In order to resolve further the relationship of East African riverine and lacustrine species, mtDNA cytochrome b and control region segments were sequenced. -
Similar Morphologies of Cichlid Fish in Lakes Tanganyika and Malawi Are Due to Convergence Thomas D
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION Vol. 2. No. 2, June. pp. 158-165. 1993 Similar Morphologies of Cichlid Fish in Lakes Tanganyika and Malawi Are Due to Convergence Thomas D. Kocher , * '1 Janet A. Conroy,* Kenneth R. McKaye,* and Jay R. Stauffer* * Department of Zoology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824; t Appalachian Environmental Laboratory, University of Maryland, Frostburg, Maryland 21532; t School of Forest Resources, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 Received March 22, 1993; revised June 29, 1993 ancestor for the Lake Victoria cichlid flock (Sage et al., The species flocks of cichlid fishes in the lakes of East 1984; Meyer et al., 1990). The mechanisms by which Africa are the most spectacular example of adaptive so many species have arisen in such a short time, radiation among living vertebrates. Similar highly de within closed lake basins, are a fascinating subject for rived morphologies are found among species in differ research. ent lakes. These similarities have been variously inter A separate, monophyletic origin for the species flock preted either as evidence for migration of ancestral in each lake has often been assumed, partly because species between the lakes, or of striking convergence of the high levels of endemicity found in the cichlid of morphology. To distinguish among these competing fauna, and partly because of the ancient and isolated hypotheses we sequenced a portion of the mitochon history of each lake (Fryer and lies, 1972). The lake drial UNA control region from six pairs of morphologi basins have arisen separately by a gradual lengthen cally similar taxa from Lakes Malawi and Tanganyika. -
Identification and Biology of Diplotaxodon, Rhamphochromis and Pallidochromis
190 Diplotaxodon, Rhamphochromis & Pallidochromis / Turner et al. Identification and Biology of Diplotaxodon, Rhamphochromis and Pallidochromis George F. Turner, Rosanna L. Robinson, Paul W. Shaw & Gary R. Carvalho Abstract Introduction We present preliminary morphological and mo- The genera Rhamphochromis Regan, 1922 and lecular taxonomic studies of the genera Rhampho- Diplotaxodon Trewavas, 1935 include the most chromis, Diplotaxodon and Pallidochromis, along with pelagic of Lake Malawi’s cichlids (Turner, 1996). notes on their identification, distribution and ecol- Pallidochromis Turner, 1994, a more benthic form, is ogy. We suggest that Rhamphochromis is comprised also considered in this chapter, as it appears mor- of eight to ten species: R. longiceps, R. woodi, R. phologically intermediate between Diplotaxodon macrophthalmus, R. esox, possibly R. ferox and four and Rhamphochromis (Turner 1994a). Rhampho- or five undescribed species. We suggest that R. chromis species are streamlined elongated predators lucius and R. brevis may be junior synonyms of R. of fish and zooplankton. They usually have large woodi. We also believe that Rhamphochromis teeth and jaws. Diplotaxodon comprises a heteroge- leptosoma and R. melanotus are junior synonyms of neous mix of small-toothed silvery species with R. esox. We consider that the two types of R. ferox upwardly-angled jaws. The genus includes zoo- are not conspecific and we designate a lectotype. planktivores and predators of small pelagic fish. However, we have not yet been able to positively The genus Rhamphochromis was described by identify this species from recent collections. Regan (1922), who took the type species as Diplotaxodon may contain anything from 11 to 22 or Rhamphochromis longiceps (Günther, 1864). -
ZOOLOGICKÉ DNY České Budějovice 2016
ZOOLOGICKÉ DNY České Budějovice 2016 Sborník abstraktů z konference 11.-12. února 2016 Editoři: BRYJA Josef, SEDLÁČEK František & FUCHS Roman 1 Pořadatelé konference: Katedra zoologie, Přírodovědecká fakulta JU, České Budějovice Ústav biologie obratlovců AV ČR, v.v.i., Brno Česká zoologická společnost Biologické centrum AV ČR, v.v.i., České Budějovice Místo konání: Přírodovědecká fakulta JU a Biologické centrum AV ČR, v.v.i., České Budějovice Datum konání: 11.-12. února 2016 Řídící výbor konference: Bryja J. (Brno) Pekár S. (Brno) Drozd P. (Ostrava) Pižl V. (České Budějovice) Horsák M. (Brno) Řehák Z. (Brno) Kaňuch P. (Zvolen) Sedláček F. (České Budějovice) Krištín A. (Zvolen) Stanko M. (Košice) Macholán M. (Brno) Tkadlec E. (Olomouc) Munclinger P. (Praha) Zukal J. (Brno) BRYJA J., SEDLÁČEK F. & FUCHS R. (Eds.): Zoologické dny České Budějovice 2016. Sborník abstraktů z konference 11.-12. února 2016. Vydal: Ústav biologie obratlovců AV ČR, v.v.i., Květná 8, 603 65 Brno Grafická úprava: BRYJA J. VRBOVÁ KOMÁRKOVÁ J. 1. vydání, 2016 Náklad 450 výtisků. Doporučená cena 150 Kč. Vydáno jako neperiodická účelová publikace. Za jazykovou úpravu a obsah příspěvků jsou odpovědni jejich autoři. ISBN 978-80-87189-20-7 2 Zoologické dny České Budějovice 2016, Sborník abstraktů z konference 11.-12. února 2016 PROGRAM KONFERENCE Kongresová hala BC AV ČR Posluchárna B2 (budova "B") Posluchárna C2 (budova "C") Posluchárna C1 (budova "C") Čtvrtek 11.2.2016 09.00-09.15 Oficiální zahájení (Kongresová hala BC AV ČR) 09.15-10.00 Plenární přednáška (Kongresová -
Limnological Study of Lake Tanganyika, Africa with Special Emphasis on Piscicultural Potentiality Lambert Niyoyitungiye
Limnological Study of Lake Tanganyika, Africa with Special Emphasis on Piscicultural Potentiality Lambert Niyoyitungiye To cite this version: Lambert Niyoyitungiye. Limnological Study of Lake Tanganyika, Africa with Special Emphasis on Piscicultural Potentiality. Biodiversity and Ecology. Assam University Silchar (Inde), 2019. English. tel-02536191 HAL Id: tel-02536191 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02536191 Submitted on 9 Apr 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. “LIMNOLOGICAL STUDY OF LAKE TANGANYIKA, AFRICA WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON PISCICULTURAL POTENTIALITY” A THESIS SUBMITTED TO ASSAM UNIVERSITY FOR PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN LIFE SCIENCE AND BIOINFORMATICS By Lambert Niyoyitungiye (Ph.D. Registration No.Ph.D/3038/2016) Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics School of Life Sciences Assam University Silchar - 788011 India Under the Supervision of Dr.Anirudha Giri from Assam University, Silchar & Co-Supervision of Prof. Bhanu Prakash Mishra from Mizoram University, Aizawl Defence date: 17 September, 2019 To Almighty and merciful God & To My beloved parents with love i MEMBERS OF EXAMINATION BOARD iv Contents Niyoyitungiye, 2019 CONTENTS Page Numbers CHAPTER-I INTRODUCTION .............................................................. 1-7 I.1 Background and Motivation of the Study .......................................... -
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CICHLIFORMES: Cichlidae (part 2) · 1 The ETYFish Project © Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara COMMENTS: v. 4.0 - 30 April 2021 Order CICHLIFORMES (part 2 of 8) Family CICHLIDAE Cichlids (part 2 of 7) Subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae African Cichlids (Abactochromis through Greenwoodochromis) Abactochromis Oliver & Arnegard 2010 abactus, driven away, banished or expelled, referring to both the solitary, wandering and apparently non-territorial habits of living individuals, and to the authors’ removal of its one species from Melanochromis, the genus in which it was originally described, where it mistakenly remained for 75 years; chromis, a name dating to Aristotle, possibly derived from chroemo (to neigh), referring to a drum (Sciaenidae) and its ability to make noise, later expanded to embrace cichlids, damselfishes, dottybacks and wrasses (all perch-like fishes once thought to be related), often used in the names of African cichlid genera following Chromis (now Oreochromis) mossambicus Peters 1852 Abactochromis labrosus (Trewavas 1935) thick-lipped, referring to lips produced into pointed lobes Allochromis Greenwood 1980 allos, different or strange, referring to unusual tooth shape and dental pattern, and to its lepidophagous habits; chromis, a name dating to Aristotle, possibly derived from chroemo (to neigh), referring to a drum (Sciaenidae) and its ability to make noise, later expanded to embrace cichlids, damselfishes, dottybacks and wrasses (all perch-like fishes once thought to be related), often used in the names of African cichlid genera following Chromis (now Oreochromis) mossambicus Peters 1852 Allochromis welcommei (Greenwood 1966) in honor of Robin Welcomme, fisheries biologist, East African Freshwater Fisheries Research Organization (Jinja, Uganda), who collected type and supplied ecological and other data Alticorpus Stauffer & McKaye 1988 altus, deep; corpus, body, referring to relatively deep body of all species Alticorpus geoffreyi Snoeks & Walapa 2004 in honor of British carcinologist, ecologist and ichthyologist Geoffrey Fryer (b. -
New Fossils of Cichlids from the Miocene of Kenya and Clupeids from the Miocene of Greece (Teleostei)
The importance of articulated skeletons in the identification of extinct taxa: new fossils of cichlids from the Miocene of Kenya and clupeids from the Miocene of Greece (Teleostei) Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades an der Fakultät für Geowissenschaften der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Vorgelegt von Charalampos Kevrekidis München, 28. September 2020 Erstgutacher: Prof. Dr. Bettina Reichenbacher Zweitgutacher: PD Dr. Gertrud Rößner Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 08.02.2021 2 Statutory declaration and statement I hereby confirm that my Thesis entitled “Fossil fishes from terrestrial sediments of the Miocene of Africa and Europe”, is the result of my own original work. Furthermore, I certify that this work contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in my name, in any university and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. In addition, I certify that no part of this work will, in the future, be used in a submission in my name, for any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution without the prior approval of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. München, 21.09.2020 Charalampos Kevrekidis 3 Abstract Fishes are important components of aquatic faunas, but our knowledge on the fossil record of some taxa, relative to their present diversity, remains poor. This can be due to a rarity of such fossils, as is the case for the family Cichlidae (cichlids). Another impediment is the rarity of well-preserved skeletons of fossil fishes.