PREFEASIBILITY REPORT
FOR
PROPOSED GRANITE QUARRY
OF
NILA SANDROCK GRANITES PVT LTD
Minor Mineral
Village : Ongallur II
Taluka : Pattambi
District: Palakkad
State: Kerala
Resurvey no: 361/1
Lease area: 1.3514 Ha
Working proposed: Semi-Mechanized Open cast
Land: Private Patta Land
Proponent: NILA SANDROCK GRANITES PVT LTD Authorized Signatory: Suresh Babu S., Managing Director Regd. office: x/110a, Vadanamkurussi P.O., Shornur-679121. Palakkad Dist Kerala State Email: [email protected] Phone: 8111954008 Prefeasibility Report for Granite Quarry Mining <5 Ha
Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.2 PROJECT SITE LOCATION ...... 1 1.3 PROJECT PROPONENT ...... 2 1.4 THE PROJECT ...... 2 1.5 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE AROUND THE PROJECT SITE ...... 3 1.6 DISTANCE OF THE SITE FROM SENSITIVE LOCATIONS ...... 5 1.7 ACCESS ROAD ...... 5 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 6 2.1 TYPE AND NEED FOR THE PROJECT ...... 6 2.2 MINE LEASE AREA ...... 6 2.3 PROPOSED METHOD OF MINING ...... 7 2.4 METHOD OF QUARRYING / MINING ...... 8 2.4.1 Method of Reserve Estimation...... 8 2.4.2 Exploration of Mineral Reserves ...... 8 2.4.3 Types of Reserves ...... 9 2.4.4 Insitu Reserves of Proposed Quarrying Area...... 9 2.5 MINING ...... 9 2.5.1 Mineable reserves ...... 9 2.5.2 Year wise Production ...... 10 2.5.3 Conceptual Mining Plan ...... 11 2.5.4 Mode of Mining and Equipment Required ...... 11 2.5.5 Drilling and Blasting: ...... 11 2.5.6 Loading ...... 12 2.5.7 Storage of explosives ...... 13 2.5.8 Mining Drainage ...... 14 2.5.9 Storage of granite ...... 14 2.6 FIRE AND SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ...... 14 2.7 FIRST AID STATION ...... 14 2.8 ACCESS ROAD AND WIDTH TO THE PLOT ...... 15 2.10 POWER REQUIREMENT ...... 15 2.11 WORK FORCE REQUIREMENT ...... 15 2.12 WATER BALANCE ...... 16 2.13 PROJECT COST ...... 17 3. EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL SCENARIO ...... 17 3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE DATA DESCRIPTION ...... 17 3.2 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ...... 18 3.2.1 Rainfall ...... 18 3.2.2 Temperature ...... 18 3.2.3 Relative Humidity ...... 19 3.2.4 Wind ...... 19 3.3 GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SOIL TYPES ...... 19 3.3.1 Geomorphology ...... 19 3.3.2 Soil ...... 20 3.3.3 Seismicity of the area ...... 20 3.4 GEOLOGY...... 21 3.4.1 Physiography...... 21 Prefeasibility Report for Granite Quarry Mining <5 Ha
3.4.2 Regional Geology ...... 21 3.4.3 Geology of the Lease Area ...... 22 3.5 RIVERS ...... 25 3.6 GROUNDWATER RESOURCES ...... 25 Source: Ground water Information booklet September 2008 ...... 26 3.6.1 Water Conservation and Artificial Recharge ...... 26 3.7 HYDROLOGY...... 26 3.8 Land use ...... 29 3.9 BIODIVERSITY ...... 30 3.9.1 Objectives of the Study ...... 31 3.9.2 Methodology Adopted for the survey ...... 31 3.9.3 Flora ...... 33 3.10 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS ...... 39 3.11 Water environment ...... 39 3.12 Noise level data ...... 41 3.13 Soil analysis...... 41 4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 43 4. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ...... 43 4.1 AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT ...... 44 4.1.1 Controlling Dust Levels ...... 44 4.1.2 Controlling CO Levels ...... 45 4.1.3 Controlling NOx Levels ...... 45 4.1.4 Occupational Health & Safety Measure to Control Dust Inhalation ...... 45 4.2 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL ...... 46 4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT ...... 47 4.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT ...... 47 4.4.1 Rocks for landscaping ...... 48 4.4.2 Laying of the top soil ...... 48 4.5 WASTE DISPOSAL MANAGEMENT ...... 48 4.6 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT ...... 48 4.6.1 Criteria for selection of species...... 49 4.6.2 Design of Green Development...... 49 4.6.3 Programme for Afforestation ...... 50 Species ...... 50 Number ...... 50 4.7 MEASURES TO CONTROL EROSION ...... 50 4.8 MEASURES FOR MINING EFFECT ON WATER ...... 50 4.9 CONTROL MEASURES FOR DISASTER ...... 51 4.10 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ...... 51 4.11 Mine closure ...... 52 4.11.1 Mine Closure Criteria ...... 52 4.12 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAM ...... 56 4.13 REPORTING & DOCUMENTATION ...... 57 4.14 ORGANIZATIONAL SET-UP...... 58 4.15 Budget provisions for EMP ...... 58 4.16 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ...... 59 4.17 CONCLUSION ...... 60
Prefeasibility Report for Granite Quarry Mining <5 Ha
LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1 Split up of Lease Area ...... 2 Table 1-2 List of Social Infrastructure around the site ...... 4 Table 1-3 Sensitive locations from Project Site ...... 5 Table 2-1 Split up of lease area …………………………………………………………………………………..6 Table 2-2 Boundary Coordinates of the Site...... 6 Table 2-3 Calculation of Reserves ...... 9 Table 2-4 Year wise Minable Reserves ...... 10 Table 2-5 Year wise Production ...... 10 Table 2-6 Land Use at the End of Life of the Project ...... 11 Table 2-7 Machineries to be deployed ...... 11 Table 2-8 List of Explosive to be used and the Quantity ...... 13 Table 2-9 Project cost Break up ...... 17 Table 3-1 Physiographic units in Palakkad District ...... 19 Table 3-2 Stage of Groundwater Development ...... 26 Table 3-3 Showing land use pattern in Palakkad District in kerala ...... 30 Table 3-4 Flora ...... 33 Table 3 - 8 Ambient Air Quality sampling Locations ………………………………………………… 39 Table 3 - 9 Ambient Water Quality sampling Locations ……………………………………………. 40 Table 3-10 Water Sampling Results ……………………………………………………………………… 40 Table 3-11 Ambient Noise Levels in Ongallur II Villages – Day Time ...... 41 Table 3-12 Soil Quality Results ...... 41 Table 4-1 Afforestation Programme ...... 50 Table 4-2 Time Scheduling For Abandonment and Cost Abandonment ...... 55 Table 4-3 Budget for Environmental Monitoring Plan – Operation Phase ...... 56 Table 4-4 Environmental Monitoring Plan – Post Operation phase ...... 57 Table 4-5 EMP Budget Provisions ...... 59 Table 4-6 CSR Budget Allocation ...... 60 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1 Location map of the site ...... 1 Figure 2-1 Google image showing Site Boundary and approach Road ...... 7 Figure 2-2 Schematic diagram of opencast mining method...... 8 Figure 2-3 Water balance chart ...... 18 Figure 3-1 Photographs showing geology of the site ...... 24 Figure 3-2 Palakkad District Map showing Hydrogeology ...... 28 Figure 3-3 Land Use Pattern in Palakkad ...... 29 Figure 4-1 Environmental Management Cell ...... 58
Prefeasibility Report for Granite Quarry Mining <5 Ha
1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION
NILA SANDROCK GRANITES PVT. LTD. proposes to set up a granite building stone quarry unit at Resurvey Nos. 361/1 of Ongallur II village, Pattambi Taluka, Palakkad District of Kerala State. The proposed quarry area for mining is 1.3514 Ha. Proof of ownership, Possession Certificate and Consent letter for all the survey numbers and land use classification are enclosed as Annexure —2, 3 & 4 1.2 PROJECT SITE LOCATION
The proposed site is located at Survey Nos. 361/1 of Ongallur II village, Pattambi Taluka, Palakkad District of Kerala State. The land use classification of the project site is dry land/rock land. The location map of the site is given in Figure 1.
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Figure 1-1 Location map of the site
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1.3 PROJECT PROPONENT
The project proponent is NILA SANDROCK GRANITES PVT. LTD, Mr. Suresh Babu S is the Managing Director and Authorized signatory of NILA SANDROCK GRANITES PVT. LTD. The department of Mining & Gelogy, Kerala has issued letter of intend to issue lease vide letter No. 5537/M3/2018 dated 27.07.2018 a copy of which is attached herewith Annexure -1.
Attested Copy of Photo ID of the Authorized Signatory also enclosed as Annexure- 6 ., Regd. Office: REGD OFFICE: X/110A, VADANAMKURUSSI P.O., SHORNUR-679121 PALAKKAD DIST, KERALA STATE E-mail: [email protected] Phone: 8111954008.
1.4 THE PROJECT
The proposed project is quarrying of granite building stone with an area of1.3514 Ha. The site is at Ongallur II village, Pattambi Taluka, Palakkad District, and Kerala. The Re Survey No 361/1. It is proposed to mine 61 cum of granite building stone per day from the site. Among total area, Resurvey No: 361/1 (1.3514 Ha).
Table 1-1 Split up of Lease Area S.No Proposed Survey No. Type of Land Area ( Ha) 1 1.3514 361/1 Private Land (patta land) Total 1.3514 Ha
Legal Background
According to Hon’ble Supreme Court of India, as per order dated 27.02.2012 in I.A. No. 12-13 of 2011 in SLP(C) No-19628-19629 of 2009 (Deepak Kumar etc vs. State of Haryana and others) the prior Environmental Clearance is mandatory for the issuance of license/permits for ensuring that quarry possess a valid Environmental Clearance. Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules 2015 also makes it mandatory to get environmental clearance for quarrying lease. It is hereby submitted that it is not necessary to obtain No Objection Certificate from any other Department/Agencies for applying Environmental Clearance from the Aditional 5th respondent. 1.5 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE AROUND THE PROJECT SITE
The proposed site is surrounded by various places like schools, Hospitals, residences etc. The same is given in Table 1-2. The 10 Km radius map of the site with the infrastructure is enclosed as Plate -9. The Area Survey plan approved by Village officer is enclosed in Annexure-11.
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Table 1-2 List of Social Infrastructure around the site Places Distance (Km) and Direction Pokkupadi 0.66Km N Ongallur 1.92Km NW Ongallur II 0.99Km SE Vadanamkurussi 1.36Km SE Pattambi 4.22Km NW Poiloor 1.41Km E
1.6 DISTANCE OF THE SITE FROM SENSITIVE LOCATIONS The sensitive locations from the project site are given in Table 1-3. Table 1-3 Sensitive locations from Project Site Sl. Places Dist. from No. Project Site (Km) Tourist & Pilgrim areas 1 Vadanamkurussi Mosque 0.70 2 Masjidu Rehman 1.36 3 Juma Masjid 1.60 4 Masjid Thoyyib 1.30 5 Parappuram Juma Masjid 1.59 6 Kolliparambu Juma Masjid 2.54 7 St Mary Orthodox Church 4.99 8 St Pauls CSI Church 4.92 9 Mele Pattambi Juma Masjid 4.12 10 Chittangallur Sri Krishna 1.52 Temple 11 Ongallur Ganapathy Temple 1.87 12 Manjalungal Thali Temple 2.07 13 Kadapparambathu Kavu 2.04 Bhagavathy Temple 14 Thrithamthoni Temple 1.29 Sivaganga temple Schools & Colleges 1 MES Womens College 4.68 2 Shree Maharshi Vidhyalaya 6.69 3 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 5.09 4 Al – Ameen Engineering 4.83 College 5 Institute of Printing 3.60 Technology and Government Polytechnic 6 Vishnu Ayurveda college 4.10
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7 AMUP School Karakkad 1.49 8 Al-Huda English Medium 0.73 high school 9 ALP School Mooroolkkara 1.41 10 Morningstar English 1.71 Medium School 11 AMLP School Kondurkara 2.71 12 AMLP School Parappuram 1.63 13 Zaytun Academy Ongallur 1.83 Hospitals 1 Sri Satya Sai Institute of 4.08 Primary health care 2 Allen & Habour’s crystal 5.18 optics 3 Kerala Ayurveda Samajam 5.60 4 Institute of CCNS 7.46 5 Govt. PHC Ongallur 1.02 6 Medicina Unani Hospital 2.07 7 Sevana Hospital & research 3.65 centre
Rivers
1. Ponnani River 1.66Km (S)
1.7 ACCESS ROAD The proposed site will have access through the existing tar road connected to Shornur – Perinthalmanna road (SH No 23). State Highway No 23 passes ~ 0.64Km away from the site in the north. Site is connected to SH no 23 by a private road. The proposed site is well connected to Pattambi by the tar road. The location map of the lease area is given as Plate No-2.
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 TYPE AND NEED FOR THE PROJECT The proposed project is mining of granite building stone within proposed area of 1.3514 Ha. The proposed project is Category B2, S. No. 1 a since the proposed mining area <5 Ha. It is proposed to mine 61cum of rock / Day. Granite building stone is one of the primary building materials. The proposed mining activity is the backbone for all construction and infrastructure projects, as the raw material for construction is available only from such mining.
2.2 MINE LEASE AREA The proposed area for mining is 1.3514 Ha. The details of split up of proposed area are given below in Table 2-1. The surface plan showing the lease applied boundary, mine approach road, contour etc is enclosed as plate -2.
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Table 2-1 Split up of Lease Area
S.No Proposed Area Survey No. Type of Land ( Ha) 1 1.3514 361/1 Private Land Total 1.3514 Ha
The said quarry lease falls between the geographical co-ordinates of the extreme boundary pillars are shown below in Table 2-2.
Table 2-2 Boundary Coordinates of the Site
Sr. No. Latitude (N) Longitude BP-1 10°47'41.182"N 76°13'59.153"E BP-2 10°47'40.111"N 76°13'58.431"E BP-3 10°47'39.382"N 76°13'58.872"E BP-4 10°47'38.859"N 76°14'00.032"E BP-5 10°47'37.989"N 76°14'00.098"E BP-6 10°47'37.138"N 76°14'01.217"E BP-7 10°47'37.187"N 76°14'01.448"E BP-8 10°47'37.087"N 76°14'01.453"E BP-9 10°47'36.939"N 76°14'02.651"E BP-10 10°47'36.680"N 76°14'03.910"E BP-11 10°47'37.290"N 76°14'04.445"E BP-12 10°47'38.967"N 76°14'04.935"E BP-13 10°47'40.535"N 76°14'00.488"E BP-14 10°47'40.850"N 76°13'59.452"E
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Figure 2-1 Google image showing Site Boundary
2.3 PROPOSED METHOD OF MINING
Open cast method of mining on single shift basis is proposed to excavate the rock to gradually achieve the production target. Loosening of the hard rock mass will be effected through blasting. Blasting will be done by using Hydraulic jackhammer. Rock breaker will be used to break down large bolder to small sized bolder. Excavators will be used for excavation & loading of the blasted materials in to tippers/trucks. The rock waste materials if generated it will be used for mine closure.
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Drilling
Blasting
Bench formation
Excavation
Loading into Tippers
Transportation to
crushers
Figure 2-2 Schematic diagram of opencast mining method
2.4 METHOD OF QUARRYING / MINING
Based on the mode and method so adopted and taking geological parameters of the ore body into consideration, the quarry pit is designed such that the height of the bench will be kept about 5.00 m max., and width will be at least 5.00 m.
2.4.1 Method of Reserve Estimation
The insitu reserves of recoverable reserves are worked out in proposed mining area for 5 years by taking section lines considering the area of influence and specific gravity of Granite.
2.4.2 Exploration of Mineral Reserves
There are outcrops of granite rocks at various places in the lease area and outside the lease area. The rock is ingenious in nature and its presence and continuity below the soil cover is obvious. No exploration in traditional sense (drilling) is required. There are other granite quarries in the nearby area around the lease area and its gives basic details like thickness of
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overburden/ soil, thickness of the weathered rock, quality of the major rock (massiveness, continuity, fractures, geological disturbances etc)
During the course of working the above details along with any further information will be obtained.
2.4.3 Types of Reserves
The in situ and recoverable reserves have been estimated separately. Three section lines are drawn to calculate reserves with existing pit as the base. Assuming 25m depth from top surface level, working will be done in first phase and after excavation of this area prospecting will be done in future for further investigation of hard rock formation, up to depth of 25m below the average level of the present quarry level. The working pit plan showing the section line and year wise working for five years is enclosed in Plate-4 and 4A.
2.4.4 Insitu Reserves of Proposed Quarrying Area
The sample quantity of Basalt is available in the lease area. The reserves are calculated by proposing three section lines namely A – A`, B – B` and C-C`. The section lines are shown in the Geological plan enclosed in plate-3 and 3A. The reserves are calculated and shown in the Table 2-3. Table 2-3 Calculation of Reserves
SECTIONA SECTION L BULK TONNAG ` AREA INFLUENCE VOLUME DENSITY E A-A` 1939 38 73682 2.5 184205 B-B` 1871 38 71098 2.5 177745 C-C` 1320 30 39600 2.5 99000 TOTAL 184380 460950
Possible minor mineral extraction from the available area would be 4, 60,950Metric Ton
Considering 46000 T per year production So the life of mine will be 10 years.
2.5 MINING 2.5.1 Mineable reserves
Average production per year is proposed to be about 46,000 tones. The way excavation will be made in ensuing five years will be based on the following calculations as given in Table 2-4.
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Table 2-4 Year wise Minable Reserves
PRODUCTION Production Year Section Level Sectional area Influence Volume in cu m in metric tonnes I A-A` 90/85 21 38 798 1995 85/80 138 38 5244 13110 80/75 0 38 0 0 75/70 0 38 0 0 70/65 0 38 0 0 159 6042 15105 B-B` 90/85 0 38 0 0 85/80 0 38 0 0 80/75 182 38 6916 17290 75/70 0 38 0 0 70/65 0 38 0 0 17290 C-C` 90/85 0 30 0 0 85/80 0 30 0 0 80/75 0 30 75/70 182 30 5460 13650 70/65 0 30 0 0
Total 18418 46045 II A-A` 90/85 0 38 0 0 85/80 0 38 0 0 80/75 0 38 0 0 75/70 159 38 6042 15105 70/65 0 38 0 0 159 6042 15105 B-B` 90/85 0 38 0 0 85/80 0 38 0 0 80/75 0 38 0 0 75/70 182 38 6916 17290 70/65 0 38 0 0 17290 C-C` 90/85 0 30 0 0 85/80 0 30 0 0
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80/75 0 30 0 0 75/70 0 30 0 0 70/65 182 30 5460 13650 Total 18418 46045 III A-A` 90/85 0 38 0 0 85/80 0 38 0 0 80/75 159 38 6042 15105 75/70 0 38 0 0 70/65 0 38 0 0 159 6042 15105 B-B` 90/85 0 38 0 0 85/80 0 38 0 0 80/75 0 38 0 0 75/70 182 38 6916 17290 70/65 0 38 0 0 17290 C-C` 90/85 0 30 0 0 85/80 0 30 0 0 80/75 0 30 0 0 75/70 0 30 0 0 70/65 182 30 5460 13650 Total 18418 46045 IV A-A` 90/85 0 38 0 0 85/80 0 38 0 0 80/75 0 38 0 0 75/70 159 38 6042 15105 70/65 0 38 0 0 159 6042 15105 B-B` 90/85 0 38 0 0 85/80 0 38 0 0 80/75 0 38 0 0 75/70 0 38 0 0 70/65 182 38 6916 17290 182 17290 C-C` 90/85 0 30 0 0 85/80 0 30 0 0 80/75 0 30 0 0 75/70 0 30 0 0
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70/65 0 30 0 0 65/60 182 30 5460 13650 Total 18418 46045 V A-A` 90/85 0 38 0 0 85/80 0 38 0 0 80/75 0 38 0 0 75/70 159 38 6042 15105 70/65 0 38 0 0 159 6042 15105 B-B` 90/85 0 38 0 0 85/80 0 38 0 0 80/75 0 38 0 0 75/70 0 38 0 0 70/65 182 38 6916 17290 17290 C-C` 90/85 0 30 0 0 85/80 0 30 0 0 80/75 0 30 0 0 75/70 0 30 0 0 70/65 0 30 0 0 65/60 51 30 1530 3825 60/55 131 30 3930 9825 13650 Total 18418 46045
2.5.2 Year wise Production The year wise production is proposed as follows:
Table 2-5 Year wise Production
Sr.No. Year Cubic meter Tonnes 1 I 18418 46045 2 II 18418 46045 3 III 18418 46045 4 IV 18418 46045 5 V 18418 46045
Thus excavation to be made in next five years would be to the tune of 92, 090M3 at the rate of yearly production of 46,000 tones.
Working pit plan and working section for five years are shown in plate No. 4 and Plate No. 4A respectively.
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2.5.3 Conceptual Mining Plan The following factors have been considered to design ultimate conceptual plan. i. Overall composite shape and lease area available for mining. ii. Relief of the area, iii. Ultimate closing bench geometry is as given below: Bench Width : 5.00 meter Bench Height : 5.00 meter Pit slope : 45˚ Stone being very compact massive rock and it is stable as such above geometry is reasonable safe. iv. Conceptual plan is shown in Plate No. 5
Table 2-6 Land Use at the End of Life of the Project Sl.no Particulars Extent in Ha End of mine life# 1 Mine area 0.9679 Ha 2 Road - 3 Afforestation 0.3835 Ha 4 Unmined area - Total area 1.3514 Ha
2.5.4 Mode of Mining and Equipment Required The list of machine to be used in quarry operations is given in Table2-7 below.
Table 2-7 Machineries to be deployed
S.No. Machinery Capacity Numbers 1 Hydraulic excavator 1.2 — 1.5m3 1 2 Compressor 2 3 Jack Hammer - 2 4 Tipper 10 T 4 5 Water tanker cum sprinkler 2.5 KL 1
2.5.5 Drilling and Blasting:
Since the quarry is being worked by mechanized means and the benches are kept at 5.0 m height and the Charnockite is the material which is hard to medium hard in nature, drilling and blasting is required to exploit the same. On an average about 61 CUM of material required to be drilled and blast daily. The broad blasting parameters are determined for the blasting pattern and blast design, which are as follows: Since the bench height needs to be maintained 5.0 m, two sub benches will be created of 2.50 m height each and both the benches will be joined / merged together to form 5.00 m height. Blast hole will be preferably by jack hammer where the diameter is normally 32 mm and the depth of hole is 3 – 8 ft. Blasting pattern is generally square or rectangle or staggered with burden ranging from 0.75 to 1.00 m and spacing of 1.00 to 1.20 m. Usually single / double row
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of holes is blasted along free to achieve optimum powder factor, best fragmentation and minimizing adverse impact on account of blasting. Maximum numbers of holes will be blasted at a time in a round are generally limited to 20 to 30 with normal delay detonators to mitigate adverse impacts such as air blast, throw and the ground vibration. Holes are electrically detonated using electric detonators. Nitrate mixture types of explosives will be used for blasting with 20 to 25 percent, proportion of primer/booster cartridges and rest as column charge. About 1 to 1.5 kgs of explosives are loaded in 32 mm diameter holes. And powder factor ranging between 5.0 to 7.0 tonnes per kgs of explosives is achieved. Lessee is having the Explosive license.
2.5.6 Loading
Subsequent to the drilling and blasting, the material so dislodged/fragmented/loosened from the rock mass, the boulders so generated subsequent to blasting will be crushed or broken with the help of the rock breakers to the required size. There after the materials is loaded into trucks/tipper of 5.0 tones capacity with the help of the excavator. The loaded materials is transported to the Client destination/or other crushing and screening units for further process. Regular water spraying on haulage roads during transportation of excavated material by water sprinklers. Transfer points shall be provided with appropriate hoods/chutes to prevent dust emissions.
2.5.7 Storage of explosives
Lessee will get the blasting activities carried out through a registered Licensee for Explosives storage and blasting. The application has been submitted for the above mine and the same will be produced as quarry license is issued before quarry operations. A copy of blasting licence is enclosed as annexure 6. Blasting will be performed as per statutory requirement. The explosive and accessories will be purchased from by authorized agency and the blasting will be carried out by registered blasting contractor as per present practices. No magazine is there at the site. One magazine is proposed, the file is yet to be put up. As such, there is no magazine. The magazine will have provision for storage of explosives like Nitrate mixture, Ordinary detonator, electric detonator, safety fuse at site. Only class 2 Nitrate Mixture explosive will be used for blasting. Log book will be maintained to enter the amount of explosives used per day and the stock. Proper safety measures shall be followed for safe storage of explosives. The application for Licensee has been submitted for the above mine and the same will be produced as quarry license is issued before quarry operations.
2.5.8 Mining Drainage
The lease area lies on the flat land with gentle slope in the direction following the natural relief of the area. No specific drainage pattern or water courses have been formed in the area. . There are no streams or water bodies in the ML area. Ponnani River is 1.66Km (S) away from the lease boundary. There are no streams in the lease area and 200m surrounding it. Drains have been made along the lease boundary to collect the water from the north portion of the lease and channelize it to the fields on the south eastern side of the lease.
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2.5.9 Storage of granite rocks Normally the aggregate produced will be dispatched immediately after production. In case it is to be stored there will be sufficient space on both sides of the mine road and also open space will be available in lease area for storage. Open cast quarrying method shall be adopted for extraction.
2.6 FIRE AND SAFETY PRECAUTIONS As per the Mine Act, the entire quarry will be carried out following the DGMS safety regulation. Fire fighting systems like extinguishers will be provided in the explosive storage area and the workers will be taught about the usage of extinguishers. Also mock drills will be conducted to the staff as to how to respond during fire. The emergency phone nos. of nearby fire station, hospital will be made available at site. The staff working at site will be provided with safety shoes, goggles, ear plugs during blasting operations, safety masks etc.
2.7 FIRST AID STATION First aid room, first aid kit and also the experts of first aiders will be maintained as per guideline of the DGMS and MMR 1961. First aid station will be provided with all necessary medical kit. All staff will be trained in first-aid treatment to take care of any emergency.
2.8 ACCESS ROAD AND WIDTH TO THE PLOT The access road width is being maintained with 7.0 m for the movement. Width of the plot is 77m.
2.10 POWER REQUIREMENT Since the project is granite rock excavation, there is no power requirement for the proposed project. Diesel driven compressor of 30 HP will be used for drilling purpose.
2.11 WORK FORCE REQUIREMENT There will be 10 people working at site during the operational stage. The workers will be hired from nearby villages and proper drinking water and sanitation facilities will be provided for them at site.
2.12 WATER BALANCE Water will be used only for drinking and other mining activities like plantation and dust suppression. Water requirement will be met through nearby tube well and water tanker. Detailed water balance is given below in Figure2-3.
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Total water consumption 11 KDL
Green belt & Dust suppression Domestic Purpose 9 KLD 2.0 KLD
Soak pit
Figure 2-3 Water balance chart
2.13 PROJECT COST The Total cost of the project is proposed as Rs. 58.0 lakhs. The cost break up is given in table below Table 2-9 Project cost Break up S.No. Details Cost (In Lakhs) 1 Land cost 30.00 2 Machinery 12.00 3 Vehicles 10.00 4 Cost towards EMP 3.00 5 Insurance and CSR 3.00 Total Cost 58.00
1. EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL SCENARIO 3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE DATA DESCRIPTION The main objectives of environmental baseline study are I. To assess present environmental quality and the environmental impacts and II. To identify environmentally significant factors that could preclude project development. The chapter contains information on existing environmental scenario for the following parameters. 1. Climatic conditions 2. Air Environment 3. Noise Environment 4. Soil Environment 5. Water Environment 6. Land Environment
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7. Biological Environment 8. Socio-economic Environment
3.2 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS 3.2.1 Rainfall
The district receives maximum rainfall during the south west monsoon followed by the north east monsoon. The other months receive considerably less rainfall. The temperature is pleasant from December to February. The annual rainfall varies from 1883 to 3267 mm based on long term normal .The district receives on an average 2362 mm of rainfall annually. Major rainfall is received during June to September in the southwest monsoon (71%). The northeast monsoon contributes about 18%. The western part of the district around Pattambi receives the maximum rainfall whereas in the rain shadow area of Chittur in the eastern part receives the minimum rainfall. The Average monthly rainfall distribution for Palakkad district (2007 to 2011) is given in Table 1 Table 1: Rainfall (mm), Palakkad District Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Total 2007 1 0 0 101 159 625 1033 478 507 310 32.6 19 3267 2008 0 26.6 154 28 41 446 359 214 242 364 9 0.1 1883 2009 0 0 81 58 139 282 985 262 250 176 248 15 2496 2010 1.9 0 10.8 131 110 545 508 267 180 401 279 24 2457 2011 1 61 17.4 126 69 717 399 422 336 248 205 9 2610
3.2.2 Temperature At Palakkad the maximum temperature ranges from 28.1 to 37.40C whereas the minimum temperature ranges from 22.2 to 25.30C. The average annual maximum temperature is 32.30C and the average annual minimum temperature is 23.40 Relative Humidity The humidity is higher during the monsoon period i.e. from June to September. It is around 90% during this period. All through the year, the humidity is high during the morning hours..
3.2.3 Wind The wind is predominantly from west and east during morning as well as in the evening hours. The wind speed is high during August (13.6 km/h). GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SOIL TYPES 3.2.4 Geomorphology Physiographically the district can be divided into two parts viz, the high land and mid land. Ottapalam taluk lies completely in the mid land region whereas all other taluks lie both in midland and high land regions. The district is not blessed with coastal tract and natural lakes. The elevation of the landforms varies from 20 to 2386 m amsl. The most important physiographic feature of the district is the Palakkad Gap. The train and road link between Kerala and rest of the country mainly passes through the 32 - 40 km wide gap. The important peaks are Anginda (2386 m), Padagiri (1585 m) and Karimala Gopuram (1440 m). The Terrain units and their areal distribution in % is given in Table 2
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Table 2: Terrain units in Palakkad District Area %
Low lying terrain including flood 27 plain and terrace Moderately undulating mid land 26 terrain with flood plain Highly undulating terrain 12 Hilly area including scrap slope 35
The highlands of Bhavani basin are occasionally devoid of thick forest unlike those of Ponnani basin, which is marked, by dense forest, the silent valley.
3.2.5 Soil There are four types of soil (1) Laterite soil (2) Virgin forest soil (3) Black cotton soil (4) Alluvial soil (1) Laterite soil - Seen in major part of Ottappalam, Alathur, Chittur and Palakkad taluks. These are most predominant soil type in the midland and gap areas. Laterites on high grounds are more compact when compared to the low lying areas. (2) Virgin Forest Soil - Seen in Mannarkad taluk and in forest areas. They are rich in humus and organic matter. (3) Black Cotton Soil - Seen in Chittur and Attapady Valley of the Mannarkad Taluk, which is used for the cultivation of cotton. They exhibit mud cracks and have high water retaining power. (4) Alluvial soils are found along the banks of Bharathapuzha and its tributaries. In the Valley portion Valley fill deposits composed of talus and scree material are observed.
3.3 GEOLOGY
3.3.1 Physiography Physiographically the district can be divided into two parts viz, the high land and mid land. Ottapalam taluk lies completely in the mid land region whereas all other taluks lie both in midland and high land regions. The district is not blessed with coastal tract and natural lakes. The elevation of the landforms varies from 20 to 2386 m amsl. The most important physiographic feature of the district is the Palakkad Gap. The train and road link between Kerala and rest of the country mainly passes through the 32 - 40 km wide gap. The important peaks are Anginda (2386 m), Padagiri (1585 m) and Karimala Gopuram (1440 m). The Terrain units and their areal distribution in % is given in Table 2 Table 2: Terrain units in Palakkad District Area %
Low lying terrain including flood 27 plain and terrace Moderately undulating mid land 26 terrain with flood plain Highly undulating terrain 12 Hilly area including scrap slope 35
22 Prefeasibility Report for Granite Quarry Mining <5 Ha
The highlands of Bhavani basin are occasionally devoid of thick forest unlike those of Ponnani basin, which is marked, by dense forest, the silent valley.
3.3.2 Regional Geology
Physiographically the district can be divided into two parts viz, the high land and mid land. Ottapalam taluk lies completely in the mid land region whereas all other taluks lie both in midland and high land regions. The district is not blessed with coastal tract and natural lakes. The elevation of the landforms varies from 20 to 2386 m amsl. The most important physiographic feature of the district is the Palakkad Gap. The train and road link between Kerala and rest of the country mainly passes through the 32 - 40 km wide gap. The important peaks are Anginda (2386 m), Padagiri (1585 m) and Karimala Gopuram (1440 m). The Terrain units and their areal distribution in % is given below
Terrain units in Palakkad District Area %
Low lying terrain including flood plain and terrace 27 Moderately undulating mid land 26 terrain with flood plain Highly undulating terrain 12 Hilly area including scrap slope 35
The highlands of Bhavani basin are occasionally devoid of thick forest unlike those of Ponnani basin, which is marked, by dense forest, the silent valley. Based on the study of different sections available in the area, a tentative stratigraphic has been arrived at which is given below:- Age Litho units Quaternary Soil and Alluvium Beach sand and sand bars Black sticky clay and mud with shell ten sands and Laterite pebble bed. Polymitic Pebble bed with grit and clay ------Unconformity------Tertiary (WARKALLI) Sand Granite with clay beds clay mine Lignite associated with beds of bluish green clay Kalnadu clay mine
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------Unconformity------PRECAMBRIAN ------
Crystalline intrusive ------Dolerite — gabbro Pegmatite and Rocks Dharwars
Charnockite — Khondalite (*Secondary Source: - Geological Survey of India-www.Gsi.Gov.in)
3.3.3 Geology of the Lease Area
Lease area is covered with few shrubs here and there. Most of the lease area is covered with lateritic soil having brown to red cover. The thickness of the soil cover is about 1m. This is followed by massive rock mass. These features can be seen once pit is developed. This is also known from the nearby granite quarries.
The granite occurs as massive consolidated formation. These rocks belong to the Archaen Era comprising Charnockite group of Cordierite gneiss, charnockite, and charnokite gneiss and pyroxene granulite. In the mine lease area, The granite deposits occur in a gently sloping terrain area with the RL in the range of +91m AMSL to +67m AMSL sloping from North West to South East.
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25 Prefeasibility Report for Granite Quarry Mining <5 Ha
Figure 3-1 Photographs showing geology of the site 3.4 RIVERS
The district is drained mainly by two rivers, viz Bharathapuzha and Bhavani Rivers. Of these Bhavani is east flowing and form a tributary of the Cauvery River. Bharathapuzha basin can be divided into 50 watersheds and 290 mini watersheds. Soil erosion is more in the upstream parts of the basin. Dendritic is the common drainage pattern. 75 % of the population is depending on surface water resources for their irrigation needs, mainly from Bharathapuzha, its tributaries and other water bodies. There are 12 reservoirs in the district associated with two major rivers and its tributaries viz - Parambikulam, Peruvaripallam, Thoonakadavu, Chulliyar, Pothundi, Moolathara, Meenkara, Walayar, Malampuzha, Gayathri, Kanjirapuzha and Mankulam.
There are number of irrigation projects major and minor, existing in the district. The major projects are Malampuzha, Chittoorpuzha, Kuriar Kutty, Karapara, Kanjirapuzha and Attappady Valley Irrigation Project. The major irrigation schemes are irrigating about 90,000 hectare of land and minor schemes irrigating about 2000 hectares of land.
The main crops grown under the irrigation scheme are paddy, coconut, aracanut, plantain, grams, vegetables etc. The Shiruvani dam constructed across the river Shiruvani, a tributary of Bhavani is the source of drinking water for the Coimbatore urban population.
3.5 GROUNDWATER RESOURCES
The groundwater assessment was done block wise using GEC-1997 methodology and is computed based on the data as on March 2009 (Table 3).
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Table 3: Block Net Ground Stage of Is Is Categori Categori Ground Water GW there there a zation sation Water Draft for Develop a signific for for Availabil all Uses ment signifi ant future groundw ity (Ham) cant decline GW ater (Ham) declin of post develop develop e of monso ment ment as premo on on 31st nsoon water March, water Table 2009 Sl. Table No 1 Alathur 13216.14 8402.69 63.58 No No Safe 2 Attappadi 5554.94 1081.01 19.46 No No Safe 3 Chittur 8429.91 8620.46 102.26 Yes No OE 4 Kollengode 7096.84 3005.06 42.34 No No Safe 5 Kuzhalmannam 8037.43 3186.36 39.64 No No Safe 6 Malampuzha 6372.36 5771.99 90.58 No No Critical 7 Mannarkkad 5431.62 2507.48 46.16 No No Safe 8 Nenmara 3633.69 2355.77 64.83 No No Safe 9 Ottappalam 3336.56 1729.30 53.43 No No Safe 10 Palakkad 6363.07 2872.92 45.15 No No Safe 11 Pattambi 5362.37 4470.41 83.37 No No Semi Critical 12 Sreekrishnapur 4228.56 2578.42 60.98 No No Safe am 13 Thrithala 2561.29 1835.43 71.66 No No Semi critical Total 79524.78
3.5.1 Water Conservation and Artificial Recharge
Groundwater development should be coupled with management of rainwater harvesting and surface water. More stress should be given for watershed development through which better groundwater management can be achieved. The existing water resources and dug wells, ponds, streams, should be cleaned, protected and conserved. Rainwater harvesting and artificial recharge schemes should be practiced in the district.
It has also been observed that the existing surface water structures like ponds, tanks and cultivable land, irrigated canal are being encroached for settlement purposes which reduce natural recharge.
CGWB has implemented a number of artificial recharge and rainwater harvesting schemes in the district. S.No. Location Year Structure 1. Anangadi 1979 Sub-surface Dam 2. Bavaji Nagar 1998 Sub-surface Dam 3. Allanallur 1998 Sub-surface Dam
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4. Komauttichella 2003 Sub-surface Dam 5. Chunnambukalthodu 2003 Check Dam 6. Chittur 2009 Recharge pit and Storage Tank
There is abundant water Resource in the district, to meet the requirement of the farmers. But the resources have to use judiciously and sustainably. Most of the panchayat wells in the district are having sufficient water. But these wells are not in use but for waste dumping. 1000 wells can be desilted and cleaned and protected as a first stage in Chittur and Kollengode blocks. These wells can be fitted with pump sets and used for community level. There are plenty of ponds/tanks having sufficient water, but most of them are silted and with collapsed side walls. These tanks have to be renovated and can be used for irrigation purpose. These tanks can be effectively used for water storage from canals intermittently. In Thachampara panchayat of Mannarkad block there are plenty of springs locally known as cholas, especially at Vakott Mala and Irumbumutti mala area. These springs have not been developed so far. Meenavallam and Alta waterfalls can be used for major schemes. This will reduce stress on ground water development in the district.
A comprehensive plan for suitable abstraction structures and AR schemes are very much essential in the district. Since the yield of the bore well is site specific, the farmers have to take technical support from CGWB/GWD or reputed NGO’s before putting bore wells for irrigation purposes. However domestic wells can be constructed without much technical guidance. A data bank has to be maintained in CGWB which has to be disseminated to the farmers through GWD/NGOs or panchayats. There are about 13 blocks and 91 panchayats in the districts. All these panchayats need a separate plan for AR schemes. Chittur, Kollamkode, Palghat (Malampuzha), Trithala, Attapady block are to be considered for the AR schemes implementation. In Chittur block 6 panchayats needs, 8 sub surface dykes and 12 bore well recharge schemes (using Bore well only). 2 Ponds from each panchayat have to desilted and cleaned. And also roof top rain water harvesting is to be implemented wherever fluoride is higher than the permissible limit in two panchayats.
In Kollenkode block, 5 panchayats need AR schemes separately. 5 sub surface dykes and 10 ponds from each panchayats have to be cleaned and 6 roof top harvesting with recharge facilities are suggested. 4 Bore well recharge scheme is required.
In Palghat and Malampuzha block, gully plugging is required, and 50 rain pits/trenches are required in the area since the weathered thickness is more.
In Attapady block 6 numbers of gully plug and 3 sub surface dykes are required. In Trithala Block, two sub surface dyke and 4 rain water harvesting schemes required. Sand mining and water level decline has to be checked. Roof top Rain water harvesting with recharges facility is required in all blocks. No additional structures are recommended in the district. Though majority of the block are safe, a declining trend in water level trend is noticed. Most of the ground water is going as base flow.
Block wise artificial Recharge Schemes proposed for the district for immediate implementation are given below
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S.No. Block Panchayat Artificial Recharge Schemes SSD GP BWR Ponds/Tank RWH 1 Chittur Eruthenpathy 2 2 2 2 Kozhinjampara 1 2 2 2 Nellipally 1 2 2 Pattenchery 1 2 2 Perumatty 1 2 2 Vadekakapathy 2 2 2 2 Kollenkode Kollenkode 1 2 2 2 Koduvayoor 1 2 2 Muthalamada 1 2 2 2 Padunagaran 1 2 Vadevannur 1 2 3 Attappady Agali 1 2 2 2 Pudoor 1 2 2 2 Shalayar 1 2 2 2 4 Trithala Trithala 1 2 2 Chalusseri 1 2 2 5 Palghat Kudumba 2 2 (including Mondur 2 2 Malampuzha) Malampuzha 2 Puthussery 2 2 Elapully 2 2 Akathethara 2 2 (SSD - Sub surface dyke GP - Gulley Plugging BWR -Bore well recharge Ponds/Tank- Desilting and renovation of tanks and ponds RWH - Roof Top Rainwater Harvesting with Recharge) 3.6 HYDROLOGY The district is drained mainly by two rivers, viz Bharathapuzha and Bhavani Rivers. Of these Bhavani is east flowing and form a tributary of the Cauvery River. Bharathapuzha basin can be divided into 50 watersheds and 290 mini watersheds. Soil erosion is more in the upstream parts of the basin. Dendritic is the common drainage pattern. 75 % of the population is depending on surface water resources for their irrigation needs, mainly from Bharathapuzha, its tributaries and other water bodies. There are 12 reservoirs in the district associated with two major rivers and its tributaries viz - Parambikulam, Peruvaripallam, Thoonakadavu, Chulliyar, Pothundi, Moolathara, Meenkara, Walayar, Malampuzha, Gayathri, Kanjirapuzha and Mankulam.
There are number of irrigation projects major and minor, existing in the district. The major projects are Malampuzha, Chittoorpuzha, Kuriar Kutty, Karapara, Kanjirapuzha and Attappady Valley Irrigation Project.
The major irrigation schemes are irrigating about 90,000 hectare of land and minor schemes irrigating about 2000 hectares of land. The main crops grown under the irrigation scheme are paddy, coconut, aracanut, plantain, grams, vegetables etc.
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The Shiruvani dam constructed across the river Shiruvani, a tributary of Bhavani is the source of drinking water for the Coimbatore urban population.
3.7 Land use Palakkad (Palghat) is the land of Palmyrahs and Paddy fields. Palakkad is a major Paddy growing area of the State. It is often called as the “Gateway of Kerala”. There is considerable change in the land use and cropping pattern in the district for the last five years. Due to low income from paddy and coconut, farmers are changing the cropping pattern to cash crops like sugarcane, vegetables and flower cultivation. Over dependence on groundwater for domestic, irrigation and industrial purposes in the district has led to the lowering of water table and water scarcity especially along the eastern parts. In most of the areas especially in eastern part of the district decline of water levels necessitates deepening of existing dug wells and putting deep bore wells thereby increasing cost of pumping and quality deterioration. Local enquiry revealed that farmers have taken loan from the banks for putting bore wells and fitting pump sets for irrigation purposes. The district receives on an average 2362 mm of rainfall annually. During 1998 the district recorded a good rainfall of 2407 mm and subsequently the rainfall has been decreased considerably.
Figure 3-3 Land Use Pattern in Palakkad 3.8 BIODIVERSITY A natural ecosystem is a structural and functional unit of nature. It has a number of components which exist in harmony and survive by inter dependency. Ecosystem has self sustaining ability and control the number of organisms at any level by cybernetic rules to sustain ecological balance. A biological survey of the study area was conducted particularly with reference to listing of species and assessment of existing baseline ecological (terrestrial and aquatic) conditions in the study area. Considering the rich biodiversity of organisms, their role in productivity and their importance in human livelihood, it is vital to protect and safeguard these dynamic systems.
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The impacts on ecosystems are wide spread. Removals of forest cover, sand mining, industrialization, soil erosion are major reasons for the impacts. These would directly affect the biological diversity of the environment and the species. Development activities lead to habitat fragmentation, affecting the species and their survival, it when the energy transfer between the species and the biological cycles get destroyed; it periodically leads to the loss destruction.
Environmental changes have dramatically increased the intensity of ecosystem destruction. Environmental changes have large impact on the habitats and the recourses. Land use patterns in Kerala changed significantly in past two decades due to urbanization. Modern agricultural practices, the major reasons for the land degradation and the land use changes have made adverse changes on the biological diversity. Anthropogenic conversion of natural habitats presents one of the greatest threats to biodiversity.
3.8.1 Objectives of the Study The objectives of the present study were selected with a view to understand the biogeochemical status of the ecosystems on the following lines: Generate baseline data from field observations; Compare the data so generated with authentic (obtained from Govt., semi-govt. and private agencies) past records to understand changes; Characterize the environmental components like land, water, flora and fauna; Understand the present biodiversity; Identify susceptible sensitive and critical areas (Environmental hotspots); Understand impact of industrial activities on the flora and fauna; Predict changes, as a result of impact, in the composition and functioning of components of ecosystem.
3.8.2 Methodology Adopted for the survey The area for the ecological studies covers 10 km radius and 0.5 KM on either side of the over ground cross country pipeline from the proposed project site. To accomplish above objectives, a general ecological survey covering the study area was carried out. The survey includes: Reconnaissance survey for the selection of sampling site; Compilation of secondary data Generation of primary data to understand baseline ecological status, important floristic and faunal elements, sensitive habitats and rare species Generation of data from local villagers for importance and status of plants and animals and Observation of symptoms and assessment of impacts.
Palakkad has tropical biodiversity with forest, plantations, rivers and fertile land. Thirty percent of the district is covered with forest, providing rich flora and fauna.
The district has a variety of plants including medicinal, spices, tuber crops and those yielding fruits and fiber. Aromatic plants and spices such as pepper, ginger, cardamom and turmeric are cultivated on a large scale. Trees such as timber, teak, rosewood, jack tree, Manjakadambu, Anjili, and Pala can be found in abundance.
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3.8.3 Flora Table 3.4 – Flora Botanical Name Local Name Botanical Name Local Name Acacia catechu Karingali Holoptelia integrifloia Aaval Acorus calamus Vayambu Holostemma adakodien Adapathiyan Adathoda beddomei Atalodakan Hydrocotyle asiatica Kudangal Aegle marmelos Koovalam Ipomoea pestigridis Pulichuvadi Alpinia galanga Kolinji Kaemperia galanga Kacholam Anisochilus carnosus Karimthumba Malaxis rheedei Jeevakam Aphanamixis polystachya Chemmaram Azadirachta indica Veppu Aristolochia indica Karalakam Moniera cuncifolia Neerbrahmi Asparagus racemosus Sathavari Mukia scabra Karthoti Biophytum spp. Mukkuti Neolamarkia cadamba Kadambu Cassia fistula Kanikonna Nervilia aragoana Orilathamara Coscinium fenestratum Maramanjal Nilgirianthes ciliatus Karimkurinji Crateva magna Neermathalam Oroxylum indicum Palakapayyani Curcuma zedoaria Manjakoova Oscimum sanctum Tulasi Cyperus rotundus Muthanga Phyllanthus amarus Keezhanelli Daemia extensa Veliparuthy Piper longum Thippali Desmodim gangeticum Orila Pongamia pinnata Ungu Emblica officinalis Nelli Pseudarthria viscida Moovila Gloriosa superba Menthonni Rauvolfia serpentina Sarpagandhi Gmelina arborea Kumizhu Rubia cordifolia Manchatti Hemidesmus indicus Naruneendi Ruta graveolens Sathappu, Arootha Heracleum candolleanum Chittelam Salacia fruticosa Ekanayakam Salacia oblonga Ponkoranti Terminalia chebula Kadukka Saraca asoca Ashokam Tinospora cordifolia Chittamruthu Sida cordifolia Kurumthotti Trichosanthus cucumerina Kaipan padavalam Stereospermum colais Pathiri Tylophora indica Vallippala Symplocos cochinchinensis Pachotti Vetiveria zizanoides Ramacham Terminalia arjuna Neermaruthu Vitex negundo Karinochi
Prefeasibility Report for Granite Quarry Mining <5 Ha
Flora and Fauna The flora of Palakkad district is characteristically tropical, owing to the seasonal rainfall, moderate temperature and the mountainous eastern border. Major portion of the district comes under the midland region and is under cultivation. Species of flora are mentioned in Table no 3-4. No animal can be mentioned peculiar to this district. Elephants are common in almost all parts of the forest. Tiger, leopard, gaur, etc., are sometimes found in the thick forests. Sambar and spotted deer are seen in large numbers. Nilgiri langur, bonnet monkey, slender loris, jungle cat, different types of mangoose, jackals, squirrels, hares, etc. are found in the forest. Birds found in the jungle are crow, king crow, mynah, woodpeckers, sunbird, king fisher, skylark, paradise fly catchers, parrots, peacocks, pigeons etc. Poisonous and non- poisonous snakes are common in the district. The Silent Valley area, 40 kms, from Mannarkkad has the distinction of being a rain forest, very rare in the world. It is spread over an area of about 9000 hectares. This thick forest is rich in some of the rare species of plants and animals.
3.9 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS Air pollution can cause significant effects on human beings, animals, vegetation and materials. Air environment monitoring covers the parameter for which National Ambient Air Quality standards have been defined by the Ministry of Environment and Forests. Accordingly, parameters monitored were Particulate Matter (PM 2.5), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), Carbon Monoxide (CO), and Sulphur Dioxide (SO2).
(I) Ambient Air Quality: Three air sampling locations were selected for air quality study. The details of the locations are given below:
LOCATION CODE LOCATION ESA1 Pokkupadi ESA2 Ongallur II
The AAQ monitored data for above locations it is seen that in the ambient air, the PM 10 ❑ values were in the range of 50.0 to 68 µg/m3 PM 2.5 values were in the range of 20.5 to 29 µg/m3. SO2 levels were in the range from 8.1 to 11.0 µg/m3. NO2 levels were ranging from 6.5 to 8.2 pg/m3. While comparing with the NAAQ Norms, all monitored PK°, PM2 5, SO2, NO2 values were found to be well within the respective limit values of 100 µg/m3, 60 µg/m3, 80 µg/m3 & 80 µg/m3. All AAQ stations have reported values to be well within prescribed limits.
(II)Water Quality:
2 ground water samples were collected at the following locations: Stn. Code Station Name ESW1 Pokkupadi ESW2 Ongallur II
The summary of the Water sampling results are given below.
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IS ESW2 Parameters Unit ESW1 IS * Permissible
limits Total Dissolved mg/I 38.0 23.0 500 2000 Solids Total Hardness as mg/I 20.0 12.0 200 600 CaCO3 Chloride as Cl- mg/I 5.71 4.76 250 1000 mg/I BDL BDL 0.2 1.0 Free Residual (D.L - (DI - 0.2) Chlorine as CI- 0.2) Iron as Fe mg/I 0.37 0.02 0.3 No relaxation BOD mg/I BDL BDL COD mg/I BDL BDL
(iii) Noise:
Noise measurements were carried out using Lutron SL 4001 sound level meter. It is observed the existing noise level in the core zone location (ESN1) for day & night equivalent is 51.71 dB(A) which is below the work zone exposure limit of 90 dB(A),In the buffer zone, the day equivalent values ranged between 48.5 to 53.5 dB(A)
(e) Climatic Conditions:
Based on Thornthwaite’s climatic classifications, the district experiences humid type of climate. At Palakkad the maximum temperature ranges from 28.1 to 37.40C whereas the minimum temperature ranges from 22.20 to 25.30C. The average annual maximum temperature is 32.30C and the average annual minimum temperature is 23.40C. The wind is predominantly from west and east during morning as well as in the evening hours. The wind speed is high during August (13.6 Kmph). The humidity is higher during the monsoon period i.e. from June to September. It is around 90% during this period. All through the year, the humidity is high during the morning hours. The annual rainfall varies from 1883 to 3267mm based on long term normal .The district receives on an average 2362mm of rainfall annually.
3.10 Soil analysis
Soil tests are done and results enclosed for review in Annexure No-14. The soil is reddish brown and Sandy Loam. The iron content is 33,790 mg/kg to 20, 680 mg/kg.
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4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN NVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT The awareness of environment has led to the development of Environmental Management Plan including minor development projects, wherein anticipated impact are assessed and the management plan to mitigate these impacts has been stipulated in advance. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a site specific plan developed to ensure that the project is implemented in an environmental sustainable manner. EMP also ensures that the project implementation is carried out taking appropriate mitigative actions to reduce adverse environmental impacts. Environmental management plan includes protection/mitigation/enhancement measures as well as suggesting post project monitoring programme. It has been found that the study area has not been affected adversely as there are no major polluting industries in the study area and likely to get economical fillip. The management action plan aims at controlling pollution at the source level to the possible extent with the available and affordable technology followed by treatment measures before they are discharged. Fully conscious towards environmental responsibility towards the coal beneficiation process, the proponent mainly focuses, apart from other relevant concerns, on the following important aspects, a) Dust suppression measures by water sprinkling and b) Proper maintenance of vehicles and equipment. The different environmental components that are identified in the assessment chapter are dealt hereunder with necessary environmental management plan.
4.1 AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT The proposed mining activity would result in the increase of SPM concentrations due to fugitive dust. Frequent water sprinkling in the vicinity would be undertaken and will be continued as there is possibility for dust generation due to truck mobility. It will be ensured that vehicles are properly maintained to comply with exhaust emission requirements. Dust emissions and particulate emissions will be controlled by water spraying through sprinklers at all the sources of dust formation and corresponding mitigative measures are elaborated as follows: Proper blasting pattern will be followed for effective rock fragmentation and generation of minimal fine dust to open atmosphere. Regular water sprinkling at dust emanating sources viz., drilling, blasting and transportation through haulage roads, etc will be carried out. Periodic maintenance of transport vehicles and equipment will be carried out to check emission levels. Greenbelt will be developed that will act as a pollution sink. Overloading of trucks will be avoided and carrying the rocks in covered trucks will be taken up to minimize pollution level Regular ambient air quality monitoring shall be carried out to ensure the air pollutants are kept under permissible limits always.
4.1.1 Controlling Dust Levels Dust would be generated during mining, and during handling and transportation of the material. The suggested control measures are:
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4.1.1.1 Mines Dust suppression systems (water spraying) to be adopted at Faces/sites while loading Use of sharp teeth for shovels Dust extraction systems to be used in drill machines Use of sharp drill bits for drilling holes and drills with water flushing systems (wet drilling), to reduce dust generation.
4.1.1.2 Haulage Regular water spraying on haulage roads during transportation of excavated material by water sprinklers. Transfer points shall be provided with appropriate hoods/chutes to prevent dust emissions.
4.1.2 Controlling CO Levels The concentration of CO in the ambient air was below detectable limits at all the air quality monitoring locations. Expected increase in the CO concentration is very low as CO emissions from mining operations are less compared to other pollutants. Heavy and light vehicles are the major sources of CO in the mine. All vehicles and their exhausts would be well maintained and regularly tested for pollutants concentration. 4.1.3 Controlling NOx Levels NOx emissions in the mine mainly occur during blasting operations. The main reasons for NOx emissions are Poor quality of explosives having large oxygen imbalance. This may be due to : Manufacturing defect; Use of expired explosives in which ingredients have disintegrated. Incomplete detonation, which may be due to low Primer to column ratio. 4.1.4 Occupational Health & Safety Measure to Control Dust Inhalation All the above precautions would be adopted to prevent dust generation at site and to be dispersed in the outside environment. However, for the safety of workers at site, engaged at the strategic locations/dust generation points like drills, loading & unloading points, crushing etc, dust masks would be provided. Dust masks would prevent inhalation of RPM thereby reducing the risk of lung diseases and other respiratory disorders.
4.2 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL The ambient noise level monitoring carried out in and around the proposed mine shows that the ambient noise levels are well within the stipulated limits of CPCB. Within an operational mine, major noise sources are blasting, operation of mine machineries and equipment, crushing units and belt conveyor. Noise generation may be for an instant, intermittent or continuous periods, with low to high decibels. To keep noise generation in control, latest sophisticated technology and equipment have been considered. Drills, loaders, dumpers etc with larger capacities possibly will be acquired to reduce the number of operational units at a time, thereby reducing the noise generating sources. The equipment systems will include cabins to ensure that the operators and other work persons, in and around the operating equipment, have comfortable work stations. To keep the ambient noise levels within the permissible limits of 75 dB (A), the following measures should be adopted Personal who are exposed to critical locations in the quarry will be provided with PPEs
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Innovative approaches of using improvised plant and machinery designs, with in-built mechanism to reduce sound emissions like improved silencers, mufflers and closed noise generating parts. Effective blast design so that there will be minimal noise and ground vibrations during blasting, Procurement of drill, loaders and dumpers and other equipment with noise proof system in operator’s cabin. Confining the equipment with heavy noise emissions in sound proof cabins, so that noise is not transmitted to other areas. Regular and proper maintenance of noise generating machinery including the transport vehicles and belt conveyors, to maintain the noise levels. Provision would be made for noise absorbing pads at foundations of vibrating equipment to reduce noise emissions. Provision of protective devices like ear muffs/ear plugs to workers who cannot be isolated from the source of high intensity noise, e.g. blasting
4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT
As this is an open cast mining method it will not generate any wastewater as there is no mineral processing involved. The mining of rock does not involve any treatment or beneficiation by using water. Therefore, the question of disposal of water will not arise. Moreover, mining activity much above the ground water level doesn’t lead to any ground water contamination. However, in order to mitigate any likely impacts the following management for control of water pollution is proposed. In anticipation of seasonal streams and runoff in the core zone, channels and bunds would be constructed and maintained to avoid any erosion and contamination. Garland drains will be constructed around the boundary of the mine lease area outside the boundary wall to divert rainwater away from the site. The mine pit water collected due to rains will be utilized for water spraying on the haul roads and for watering plantation. This water will be harvested for utilization in plantation watering, spraying on the haulage roads and waste dumps.
4.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT
The entire mined out area of 0.9679 Ha will be reclaimed back with bench plantation / plantation. The mined area will be properly fenced all around. There will be green belt development and afforestation on all the places available. Over all greenery will be much better than the original one. Garland drains will be made around the lease area to collect all the catchment water in the pit and allow it to seep into the stratum.
4.4.1 Rocks for landscaping After the quarrying activities are over, these sites will be splattered with the leftovers of rocks and boulders. These boulders and rocks can support the growth of mosses and lichens, which will act as ecological pioneers and initiate the process of succession and colonization. The boulders of moderate size will be used to line the boundary of a path.
4.4.2 Laying of the top soil The depressions/craters filled up with rock aggregates will be covered with top soil. Fungal spores naturally present in top soil will aid plant growth and natural plant succession. The top
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soil will be further enriched by organic manure and Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi. This will help in the process of soil Reclamation and early establishment of seedlings.
4.5 WASTE DISPOSAL MANAGEMENT
Since the proposed project is mining of rock, there will not be much of waste generated due to mining. After the quarrying activities are over, these sites will be splattered with the leftovers of rocks and boulders. The boulders of moderate size will be used to line the boundary of a path. The disintegrated rock will be used as sand material for road making. The overburden waste is in the form of soil. Initially it will be temporarily stacked at safe place. It will be re handled later to be backfilled in the exhausted portion of the pit. And good quality soil will be utilised for plantation purpose.
4.6 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT
The area surrounding the site is dense with plantation. Planting a suitable combination of trees that can grow fast and also have good leaf density shall be adopted to develop the green belt. It will act like a buffer to trap the airborne dust and also reduce the noise levels. From the aesthetic point of view also, this will have a positive impact.
It is proposed to develop a green belt along the periphery of the mining lease area. The green belt shall be developed in consultation with the local forest authorities for selection of site, specific species, seedling management, and plantation techniques and to up keep by deweeding, manuring and regular watering. The Environment Management Plan is enclosed in Plate-8.
4.6.1 Criteria for selection of species Species to be selected should fulfil the following specific requirements of the area Availability of seed material Tolerance to specific conditions or alternatively wide adapts ability to eco physiological conditions. Rapid growth Capacity to endure water stress and climatic extremes after initial establishment Differences in height, growth habits Pleasing appearance Providing shade Ability of fixing atmospheric Nitrogen Improving waste lands.
4.6.2 Design of Green Development The greenbelt shall be developed around the plant to act as a sink for pollutants, attenuation of noise levels and improvement in aesthetic quality of the plant. The following criteria shall be adopted in the design of greenbelt: Generally fast growing trees will be planted. Trees growing up to 10 m or more in height with thick perennial foliage will be planted around the plant. Trees will be planted in patches along the periphery to work as an indicator of pollution. Trees shall be planted staggered in each row (minimum three rows encircling the perimeter of the plant).
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4.6.3 Programme for Afforestation Afforestation will be carried out to increase the green cover and create harmony with nature. The area will be afforested with variety of local sapling. This will help to have polyculture. The details of afforestation program are given below. Table 0-1 Afforestation Programme Year Area and Extent in Species Number Hectare I General Surface 0.0767 Artocarpus heterophyllus 75 Syzygium cumini II General Surface 0.0767 Tectona grandis, 75 Trema orientalis III General Surface 0.0767 Azardicta indica 75 Melia azaderach IV General Surface 0.0767 Artocarpus hirscritus 75 Azardicta indica Trema orientalis V General Surface 0.0767 Azardicta indica 75 Trema orientalis Total 0.3835 Ha 375
4.6.4 MEASURES TO CONTROL EROSION The Granite rock is hard, compact massive rock and there is no erosion. However trenches and pits will be made at various places to guide the rainwater to the settling tank. The existing watercourses shall not be disturbed and any rainwater falling will be allowed to continue in the same direction and join the natural course. This will reduce the erosion on the soil mass.
4.7 MEASURES FOR MINING EFFECT ON WATER
Ponnani River is 1.66Km (S) away from the lease boundary. No wet processing is adopted. Proposed workings area is of shallow depth and mostly carried out in dry season. Drains will be made at key places to guide rainwater so that erosion is avoided.
4.8 CONTROL MEASURES FOR DISASTER
Entry of unauthorized persons shall be prohibited; Fire fighting and first aid provisions in the mining Area; Provision of all the safety appliances such as safety boots, helmets, goggles etc. would be made available to the employees and regular check to ensure the use; Training and refresher courses for all the employees working in the hazardous premises; Handling of explosives, charging and blasting shall be carried out by competent persons only; Provision of magazine at safe place with fencing and necessary security arrangement; Suppression of dust on the haulage roads; Awareness on safety and disaster to the staff.
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4.9 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
The company management shall give preference to local people It will provide ample opportunity to the locals to uplift their living standards by organizing events that propagate mutual benefits to all, such as health camps, awareness campaigns, donations to poorer sections of society and downtrodden. Educational needs of the region will be improved by encouraging the workers to allow their children to attend schools. Sufficient funds shall be allocated for these and other emergency needs. Adequate supply of potable water to the workers will be made during the working hrs. The working personnel will be provided with face masks, ear plugs, safety helmets and goggles in order to reduce health hazards. Other safety equipments shall be used according to the nature of job involved. Adequate space will be provided for construction of temporary sheds for construction workers.
4.10 Mine closure
Mine closure plan is the most important environmental requirement in mineral mining projects. The mine closure plan should cover technical, environmental, social, legal and financial aspects dealing with progressive and post closure activities. The closure operation is a continuous series of activities starting from the decommissioning of the project. Therefore, progressive mine closure plan should be specifically dealt with in the mining plan and is to be reviewed every five years in the scheme of mining. As progressive mine closure is a continuous series of activities, it is obvious that the proposals of scientific mining have included most of the activities to be included in the closure plan. While formulating the closure objectives for the site, it is important to consider the existing or the pre-mining land use of the site; and how the operation will affect this activity. Some operations such as mining in agricultural areas have clearly defined this objective of returning the land to viable agricultural purposes or for bringing the land for economically viable productive purposes. The primary aim is to ensure that the following broad objectives along with the abandonment of the mine can be successfully achieved: To create a productive and sustainable after-use for the site, acceptable to mine owners, regulatory agencies, and the public. To protect public health and safety of the surrounding habitation. To minimize environmental damage. To conserve valuable attributes and aesthetics. To overcome adverse socio-economic impacts. 4.11.1 Mine Closure Criteria The criteria involved in mine closure are discussed below: 4.11.1.1 Physical Stability All anthropogenic structures, which include mine workings, waste dumps, buildings, etc., remaining after mine decommissioning should be physically stable. They should present no hazard to public health and safety as a result of failure or physical deterioration and they should continue to perform the functions for which they were designed. The design periods
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and factors of safety proposed should take full account of extreme events such as floods, hurricane, winds or earthquakes, etc. and other natural perpetual forces like erosion, etc. 4.11.1.2 Chemical Stability The solid wastes on the mine site should be chemically stable. This means that the consequences of chemical changes or conditions leading to leaching of metals, salts or organic compounds should not endanger public health and safety nor result in the deterioration of environmental attributes. If the pollutant discharge likely to cause adverse impacts is predicted in advance, appropriate mitigation measures like settling of suspended solids or passive treatment to improve water quality as well as quantity, etc. could be planned. Monitoring should demonstrate that there is no adverse effect of pollutant concentrations exceeding the statutory limits for the water, soil and air qualities in the area around the closed mine. 4.11.1.3 Biological Stability The stability of the surrounding environment is primarily dependent upon the physical and chemical characteristics of the site, whereas the biological stability of the mine site itself is closely related to rehabilitation and final land use. Nevertheless, biological stability can significantly influence physical or chemical stability by stabilizing soil cover, prevention of erosion/wash off, leaching, etc. A vegetation cover over the disturbed site is usually one of the main objectives of the rehabilitation programme, as vegetation cover is the best long-term method of stabilizing the site. When the major earthwork components of the rehabilitation programme have been completed, the process of establishing a stable vegetation community begins. For re vegetation, management of soil nutrient levels is an important consideration. Additions of nutrients are useful under three situations. Where the nutrient level of spread topsoil is lower than material in-situ e.g. for development of social forestry. Where it is intended to grow plants with a higher nutrient requirement than those occurring naturally e.g. planning for agriculture. Where it is desirable to get a quick growth response from the native flora during those times when moisture is not a limiting factor e.g. development of green barriers. The mine closure plan should be as per the approved mine plan. Stage wise mine closure plan with budget available financial / manpower should be prepared and implemented. Such plan with the approval of the competent regulatory authority should be made available to the concerned State authority giving the environmental clearance. The Mine closure plan is enclosed in Plate no-7.
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Table 0-2 Time Scheduling For Abandonment and Cost Abandonment Items Details /yearwise Area Quantity Expenditure Proposed Proposed (Rs.) Proposed (A) Reclamation (i) Backfilling (within the lease as & Rehabilitation per PMCP) of mined out pit (ii) Afforestation on the mined and area out area I 1935m2 190sap 8000 II 1935m2 190sap 8000 III 1935m2 190sap 8000 IV 1935m2 190sap 8000 V 1935m2 190sap 8000
(iii) Others (Please specify) e. g – – – Afforestation on exhausted benches. (iv) Pisciculture – – – (v) Converting into water – – – reservoir (vi) Picnic spot – – – (B) Stabilization (i) Terracing – – – & Rehabilitation (ii) Pitching – – – of dumps (iii) Construction of Parapet (within lease) Walls. I 50m 10 lab 5000 II 50m 10 lab 5000 III 50m 10 lab 5000 IV 50m 10 lab 5000 V 50m 10 lab 5000 (iv) Construction of Check Dams. – – – (v) Construction of settling ponds – – – (drains etc) (vi) Desilting of settling ponds, – – – channels. (vii) Afforestation on dumps (viii) Others (Please specify)
(C) (i) Afforestation on barren land Rehabilitation of (7.5m barrier) barren area I 767 m2 75 sap 3000 (within lease) II 767 m2 75 sap 3000 III 767 m2 75 sap 3000 IV 767 m2 75 sap 3000 V 767 m2 75 sap 3000
TOTAL - - 80,000
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4.11 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAM Environmental monitoring program is a vital process of any management plan of the development project. This helps in signaling the potential problems resulting from the proposed project and will allow for prompt implementation of effective corrective measures. Environmental monitoring will be required for the operation and closure of mining operations. The main objectives of environmental monitoring are To assess the changes in environmental conditions, To monitor the effective implementation of mitigation measures, Warn significant deteriorations in environmental quality for further Prevention action. The environmental attributes to be monitored as part of the monitoring programme are Air Quality, Noise Levels, Surface and Ground water quality and Soil quality. The monitoring programs are presented in Table 4-3 & 4-4.
Table 0-3 Budget for Environmental Monitoring Plan – Operation Phase S.No Item Parameters Frequency Unit cost Sampling Cost/Year (Rs.) /Year (Rs.)
1 Ambient PM10, PM2.5, SO2 Monthly 1000 12 12000 Air & NOx Quality 2 Noise Equivalent Noise Monthly 800 12 9600 Level Level 3 Ground Physical, Chemical Quarterly 700 4 2800 Water and Bacteriological 4 Soil General Parameters Quarterly 500 4 2000
Total 26400
Table 0-4 Environmental Monitoring Plan – Post Operation phase S.No Item Parameters Frequency Unit cost Samples Cost/Year (Rs.) /Year (Rs.)
1 Air PM10, PM2.5, Quarterly 1000 4 4000 Quality SO2 & NOx 2 Noise Equivalent Quarterly 800 4 3200 Level Noise Level 4 Ground Physical, Half yearly 700 2 1400 Water Chemical and Analysis Bacteriological 6 Soil General Half yearly 500 2 1000 Quality parameters Total 9600
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4.12 REPORTING & DOCUMENTATION All the necessary reports and documents shall be prepared to comply the statutory rules & regulations. Proper and due care shall be taken to adhere to the laid down rules and regulations by the government. Regular and periodic record shall be kept in order to ensure easier, comparable and brisk review and projection of past, present and future performances. Also, the management shall ensure to prepare separate records for water, wastewater, solid waste, air, emission, soil & manure regularly and periodically in order to provide better and smooth vigilance.
The management shall look into the fact that as soon as the report is prepared, it shall be forwarded to the concerned authority with due care for the purpose of reviewing.
Adhering to the rules and regulations the management shall ensure that the outcome of the reports and the conclusions drawn shall be prepared as per the laid down regulations and procedures. No breach of any convention shall be availed.
These reports/documents shall be regularly and periodically reviewed and any changes/discrepancies found in mitigation measures/ operation/ management/ shall be brought into notice instantaneously and all possible corrective actions shall be taken.
4.13 ORGANIZATIONAL SET-UP The Mines Manager at the project site will be directly responsible for various environmental activities. The Managing Director will co-ordinate and oversee the environmental activities and propose effective implementation as per the guidelines in the EMP. Organization chart of the Environmental cell is given in Figure 4-1.
MANAGING DIRECTOR
MINES MANAGER
MINING PERSONNEL LABORERS
Figure 0-1 Environmental Management Cell 4.14 Budget provisions for EMP It is proposed to take up protective measures like construction of retaining walls near the toes of the dumps. The haul roads both within the lease and outside the mining lease including roads leading to the crushing plant will be watered and good drainage system would be maintained. The project authorities propose to undertake the following environmental works to achieve the environmental quality as desired.
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Adequate budgetary provision has been for execution of Environmental Management Plan. The detail of budget is given Table 4-3. 5. Table 0-5 EMP Budget Provisions S. Capital cost in Annual recurring cost in No. Lakhs Lakhs 1 Pollution Control Dust Collector 0.2 0.1 Water Sprayer 0.2 0.1 Plantation on dumps 0.3 0.06 Drains along Roads 0.2 0.04 Green belt development 0.5 0.03 2 Pollution Monitoring - - 3 Fire fighting 0.2 0.04 Occupational Health and 4 0.60 0.12 safety 5 Reclamation / 0.80 0.11 Rehabilitation of mined out area Grand Total 3 0.6
5.1 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY As a part of CSR activity, the proponent has planned to distribute Computers, books etc. Provide learning assistance to the nearby schools and skill development among rural underprivileged youth. The cost estimate for the same is given below.
Table 0-6 CSR Budget Allocation S.No. CSR Activity Capital Cost Operation (Lakhs) Cost(Lakhs) 1 Computer Assisted Learning Programs 0.5 0.5
2 English and work readiness skills to rural youth 0.5 0.5 3 Training and creating Employment among the 1 0.5 Rural 4 Educational assistance to culture and religious 0.5 0.5 function (yearly)
5 Educational scholarship from 1st std – 5th std 0.5 0.5 (yearly) Total 3 2.5
5.2 CONCLUSION The proponent will take all precautions to control dust emissions during material handling, crushing and transportation. Also noise levels will be controlled by plantation wherever possible. It can thus be concluded that the project is environmentally compatible, financially viable and would be in the interest of construction industry thereby indirectly benefiting the masses.
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