VOL. XX No. 2 February, 1965 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN

a FAIRFAX MANSIONS, FINCHLEY RD, (corner F.irt.x Rd,). London, N.W,J °ll'" """^ f^ontulting Hourt: Telephone: MAIda Vale 9096/7 (General OUice and Wellarc for the ABed). Monday (o Thuriday 10 a.m.-1 p.m. 3-6p,m. MAIda Vale 4449 (Emplorment Agency, annualiv licensed by thc L,C,C,. - j ,n _ i and Social Services Dept,) ""'='>• 'O"'"--'P™

'T^- Rosenstock connected with Jewish activities, either in a professional or in a voluntary capacity ; others had begun their work in the Jewish "MORE LASTING THAN ORE" sphere only after their elimination from German public life. There are rabbis and teacher,s who served the same medium- A Monument for German Jewry's Martyrs size communities throughout their lives ; yet there is also a surprisingly high num­ One of the tasks about which the late tions of surviving children had to serve as ber of young rabbis who started their Hans Reichmann felt particularly strongly the sole source of information. The hope studies only after 1933 and whose careers was the erection of a fitting memorial to of these children—who had been sent were cut short when they were deported those men and women who had held res­ abroad when still very young—and their with their wives and young families. Quite ponsible positions in German-Jewish life parents that one day their families would a few of the " newcomers " had held dis­ and who perished during the war. Some of be united again was not to be fulfilled. tinguished offices as High Court judges, tnem have already been commemorated in The biographies differ in length and civil servants and university professors. ponographs and articles published in the approach. In a number of cases only the Their administrative experience and expert Year Books and Bulletins of the Leo Baeck bare facts could be compiled. But there knowledge often proved particularly bene­ institute and in various periodicals, but are articles—some of them real literary ficial because of the limited number of others—and they are the majority—had not gems—which are genuine profiles, written qualified officials which the Jewish organi­ yet been given the lasting niche in the his­ by persons from first-hand knowledge and sations employed before 1933, when their tory of German Jewry which they deserve. mirroring the warm feelings of friendship, terms of reference were considerably « Was Leo Baeck who, with the humility love and admiration felt by the authors narrower. which marks great men, in his addresses for former fellow-workers. A high proportion of the biographies and writings always recalled those com- In view of the unavoidable divergency refers to First World War veterans who niunal workers of whose selfless services of the articles, the names of the authors had won high distinctions. Some of them only a limited circle of people could be and contributors have not been mentioned. were so severely wounded and mutilated aware. It testifies to the skill of the editor, Ernst that even the Gestapo officials were G. Lowenthal, who prepared the book in embarrassed when they had to deal with CoUection of 180 Biographies them ; yet this did not save them from We are grateful to the Council of Jews extermination. We read, too, about the from Germany that now, after many years heroism of those who, though not yet °f painstaking preparation, a work has SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL selected for deportation, voluntarily joined come into being which, under the title the transports to the East, or who were Bewaehrung im Untergang", describes Sir Winston Churchill's death murdered because they refused to be a the personalities of not less than 180 Ger- which was announced when this party in the compilation of transport lists. JJian Jews and Jewesses whose lives were issue went to press has brought to It is significant that many who at the time dedicated to their fellow Jews and who an end the full life of a great man of the November pogroms or when the war ^ere put to death by the Nazis.* to whom we, too, owe a special debt was imminent had to make journeys Most of these people met their end in of gratitude. He was one of the first abroad on behalf of their organisations, the extermination camps. Others suc­ British statesmen who recognised the returned to Germany after having fulfilled cumbed to the tortures in German concen- threat to the free world emanating their missions. After the war some of the ";ration camps into which they had been from Nazi Germany, and he stood at rabbis and community heads were com­ thrown because they had courageously the helm when the danger he had memorated by the muncipal authorities of defused to carry out orders of the Nazi tried to avert became a grim reality. their home towns who named streets after authorities. Others again were shot as Under his inspiring leadership this them. hostages when communal officials selected country resisted invasion, and we Each article tells us of a fate which is Jor " Abwanderung" did not turn up at were spared the fate which Jews in unique and different. Just as we cannot the Assembly Centre. The book also men­ occupied Europe were to meet. We grasp the abstract figure of the six million tions those who were caught in Nazi- owe it to him that we survived. martyrs as long as we do not associate it occupied countries where they had taken with the memory of those who were near refuge. to us, we only realise the magnitude of the The preface is written by Hans Reich- collaboration with Bruno Woyda (Hon. cruelty when we read the chapters about ^ann in a spirit reflecting dignity, sorrow Secretary of the Council) and Ilse persons whom we knew. It makes all the °na bridled passion. He states that, in Barter, that he has succeeded in wielding difference to have known about Eichmann spite of the careful preparatory work, the the material into an organic entity. The from the reports on the trial or to have names of some who would also have quali- main body of the work consists of 120 known a single person who suffered jjed for inclusion in the book may have articles ; a supplement lists a further 60 through him. We remember that wonder­ Oeen inadvertently omitted, and that any persons about whom only few facts could ful social worker of the Berlin Jewish ^Qoenda would be welcomed. Yet, as far be obtained. The book is enhanced by Community, Dora Silbermann, and visua­ ^s can be seen, the work is as complete as portraits of the 120 personalities described lise her in the terrible scene which the -an be expected under the circumstances. in the main part. Enlarged copies of these book records, when Eichmann lashed out 'r^- Reichmann also mentions that in a portraits have been used for a specially at her with all his brutality, trying to force "lumber of cases only comparatively few bound volume to be deposited in the her to select candidates for deportation oiographical data could be obtained. In Council's Memorial Room at the premises among the members of her staff and when some instances, he writes, scanty recoUec- of the Wiener Library. she, in the face of physical torture, stead­ p^ . ^ewaehrnng im L'ntergang—Ein Gedenlibucli, The variety in background and outlook fastly refused and offered herself instead. uolished by the Council of Jews from Germany and of the personalities described in the book The book conjures up many personal Si u ^y E- G. Lowenthal. with a Preface by Hans nl!. '"^""- 194 pages and 120 photos on art paper. reflects the peculiar composition of the recollections of the apocalyptic days gA^'sche Verlagsanstalt Stuttgart. DM. 14,80. Prefer- German-Jewish leadership after 1933. between the November pogroms and the ix 1 .price for AJB members, 17s, An Order Form "• enclosed with this issue. Some of those mentioned had always been Continued on page 2, column 1 Page 2 AJR INFORMATION February, 1965 COUNCIL FORDERT VERLAENGERUNG " More Lasting than Ore " DER VERJAEHRUNGSFRISTEN

Continued from page 1 Needless to say the book includes Der Council of Jews from Germany, dem articles on personalities whose standing die AJR als Vertretung der in Gross­ outbreak of war, when we had our regular made them widely known throughout Ger­ committee meetings in the Reichsvertre­ britannien lebenden Juden aus Deutschland many, such as Otto Hirsch, Julius L. Selig­ angeschlossen ist, hat zur Frage der tung to select from the endless lists of sohn, Heinrich Stahl, Franz Eugen Fuchs, concentration camp inmates candidates for Verjaehrung der Nazi-Verbrechen der Alfred Klee and Hans Goslar. Yet it also Regierung der Bundesrepublik, dem the Refugee Transit Camp in Richborough commemorates the great number of brave (Kent). The window of the Kantstrasse Bundestag und dem Bundesrat folgende men and women who worked in the pro­ Stellungnahme uebermittelt: office faced the burnt-out shell of the vinces and were therefore mainly known Fasanenstrasse Synagogue, reminding us in their home districts, such as Oberrab­ " Wir fordern eine Verlaengerung der of the recent horror, and the railway lines biner Joseph Carlebach of Hamburg, who, Verjaehrungsfristen, wenn sie nicht—wie carrying interminable troop transports, together with his wife and four children, es in Frankreich geschehen ist—gegenue­ admonished us with the fact that time was was deported to Riga in 1942, and Siegfried ber den nationalsozialistischen Ver- running short. Gumbel of Heilbronn, later Head of the brechern gaenzlich aufgehoben werden With very few exceptions all members Israelitische Oberrat for Wurttemberg koennen. Ein Rechtszustand, der eine of the Kitchener Camp Committee who (Stuttgart) who was arrested in 1941 and groessere oder kleinere Zahl dieser Ver­ helped to save others remained in Germany perished shortly afterwards in Dachau. brecher—die Groesse der Zahl ist ganz una and perished. Their names and deeds are gar nicht entscheidend!—nach dem Mai among those recorded in the book. There A Book for Every German Jew 1965 der Strafverfolgung entziehen was the Head of the Department in charge, wuerde, wuerde von den Opfem der Ver­ Richard Joachim (formerly Senatspraesi- All the names mentioned in this review folgung als schweres Unrecht empfunden dent), a man of strong convictions with a have been singled out at random to indicate werden. Uns scheint der Gedanke passion for justice. When, in 1933, he was the scope and content of the Memorial unertraeglich, dass als Ergebnis reiflicher requested by the Nazi authorities to state Book. The full list of martyrs to whom the Ueberlegungen eine Entscheidung ge­ how he had supported the Social Demo­ work pays tribute is published at the end troffen werden koennte, die in Bezug aui cratic Party of which he was a member, he of this article. Yet this unique publication die Grenzen der Strafverfolgung die wrote : " In every possible way ", and when will only have served its real purpose if it ungeheuerlichen Massenmordtaten eines he was released from Sachsenhausen he finds ils way into the library of every Jew Systems, das auf Verneinung aller kul­ refused to declare his readiness to emigrate from Germany. Therefore, the AJR has turellen und moralischen Werte beruhte, because, as he told the camp commandant, made special arrangements for members mit Kriminalverbrechen gleichstellte, die he considered it his duty to help his to receive it at cost price. An order form aus individueller Habsucht, Leidenschaft fellow-Jews. There was Martin Brasch, a is enclosed with this issue and copies will Oder Rachsucht begangen worden sind. leading official of the Berlin Jewish com­ be ready for dispatch at the end of this " Es ist nicht unsere Aufgabe, Vor­ munity, who was arrested shortly after the month. The book should also be made schlaege ueber die formelle Prozedur zu outbreak of war because he objected to an available as widely as possible to libraries machen, die zur Verlaengerung oder order of the Nazi officials; after much and organisations in this country and Aufhebung der Verjaehrungsfristen gegen­ suffering he died in a concentration camp. abroad. To achieve this the order form ueber dieser Art von Verbrechern anzu­ We also remember Walter Sprinz (for­ also offers members the opportunity of wenden ist. Dass es solche Wege gibt, merly Landgerichtsdirektor), a highly defraying the costs for further copies to beweist dia Gesetzgebung einer ganzen cultured man with widespread intere<^ts, be distributed by the Council. Anzahl von Staaten und wird unseres and Rudolf Pick of the Palaestina-Amt who There is scarcely a Jew from Germany Wissens auch in Deutschland von weiten attended the Zionist Congress in August, for whom the book will not revive Kreisen nicht bezweifelt. Wenn die 1939, and, like the other delegates from memories of men and women whom he erforderlichen Massnahmen von den im Germany, returned to Germany in spite of knew personally and to whose selfless allgemeinen ueblichen Normen abweichen, the imminent outbreak of war. Among efforts he is indebted. But, at the same so traegt das nur der Tatsache Rechnung, those around the Committee's conference time, their names are representative of the dass diese Taten—einzigartig und einmalig table were also Ernst Behrendt (until 1933 200,000 perished German Jews for whom in der Geschichte der Menschheit—ganz a trade union official) of the " Hilfsverein ", we, the remnants of German Jewry, shall und gar unvergleichbar sind mit normalen and Philipp Kozower and Bruno Mendel­ never coase to mourn. Kriminalverbrechen." sohn of the Berlin Jewish community. Sometimes Paul Eppstein, Head of the LIST OF ARTICLES RESOLUTION DER ANGLO-GERMAN Migration Department of the "Reichsver­ The following personalities are commemorated in tretung ", would join us in our delibera­ the boolc " Bewaehrung Im Untergang", published LAWYERS' ASSOCIATION by the Council of Jews from Germany : tions. He was to die a martyr's death in Max Adler, Siegfried Alexander, Adolf Altmann, Theresienstadt, where he was shot in the Hans Andorn, Naftali Apt, Benno Arnold, Julius Die Anglo-German Lawyers' Association in Augapfel, Gerson Bach, Oscar Baehr, Alexander London hat ebenfalls eine Resolution zat " Kleine Festung " one day after his arrest Beer, Ernst Behrendt, Siegfried Behrens, Cora on Yom Kippur, 1944. In view of the Berliner, Louis Blumenthal, Hildegard Boehme, Frage der Verjaehrung gefasst. Sie weist Mordechai Bohrer, Martin Brasch, David Braun, insbesondere darauf hin, dass eine Ver­ criticism levelled against his alleged short­ Joseph Carlcbach, Isidor Caro, Conrad Cohn, Gustav comings as " Judenaeltester " in Theresien­ Cohn, Arthur Czellitzer, Elieser Ehrenreich, Hein­ laengerung der Verjaehrungsfrist nicht gegen rich EII(eles, Paul Eppstein, Albert Ettlinger, Sieg­ das Verbot der rueckwirkenden Bestrafung stadt he has, so far, been denied a fitting fried Falk, Erich and Herbert Felsenthal, Bruno, and lasting commemoration, to the great Herbert and Israel Finlcelscherer, Gerhard Frank, (nulla poena sine lege) verstossen wuerde, distress of many who worked with him until Philipp Frankl, Josua Friedlaender, Carl Fuchs, da die Verjaehrungsfrist nicht die Straf- Franz Eugen Fuchs, Paula Fuerst, Martin Gerson, barkeit einr Handlung, sondern die Straf­ 1939. The article does not ignore this Isidor Goldberg, Hans Goslar, Julius Greilsheimer, criticism, but rightly points to the tremen­ Siegfried Grzymisch, Siegfried Gumbel, Ismar Halle- verfolgung beruehre. Ausserdem haette I'l* mann, Bernhard Hamburger, Hansjuerg Hanff, zu der am 5. Mai 1955 erfolgten Aufhebung dous difficulties with which he was faced Margarete Hartstein, John Hausmann, Otto Hirsch, in his office. Those of us who left Ger­ Clara Israel, Wilfrid Israel, Eugen Jacobi, Lucia des Besatzungsstatuts fuer deutsche Straf- Jacoby, Richard Joachim, Martin Joseph. Saul Kaatz, gerichte ein Stillstand der Rechtspflege many in time and who were not confronted Ernst Kantorowicz. Hannah Karminski, Arthur Kauf­ with the tasks he had to cope with are not mann, Hugo Kaufmann, Alfred Klee, Hugo Klein, bestanden, sodass die Verjaehrungsfrist fuer Siegfried Klein, Erich Klibansky, Arthur Kochmann, Nazi-Verbrechen erst am 5. Mai 1975 ablaufen entitled to pronounce judgment. We Elisabeth Kohn. Ernst Kohn, Albert Kramer, Leo remember Paul Eppstein as a highly gifted Kreindler. David Krombach, Fritz Lamm, Willi wuerde. Die Resolution betont, dass die wirk­ Lessing, Werner Levie, Kurt Levy, Reinhold Lewin, same Strafverfolgung der bisher ungesuehnten man, equally capable as a scholar and Jacob Lewkowitz, Julius Lewkowitz, Arthur Lilien­ administrator, and we also recall many thal, Leo Lippmann, Hans Loewenthal, Pauline Maier, Nazi-Verbrechen und der bisher unbekannt Albert Mainzer, Martin Marx, Ludwig Mehler, Martin gebliebenen Taeter auch nach dem Mai 19".^ instances when he took a courageous stand Meyer, Paul Meyerheim, Arno Nadel, Nathan Max vis-a-vis our persecutors. It is gratifying Nathan, Manass Neumark, Joseph Norden, Nathan nicht nur eine Forderung der Gerechtigkeit that the article pays adequate tribute to Offenburg, Levy Rosenblatt, Emst Rosenthal, Martin sei, sondern auch im Interesse DeutschlanoS Salomonsl

AUSTRLVNS' PLEA FOR NOVELLE ZUM OESTERREICHISCHEN FUERSORGEGESETZ COMPENSA'nON Your NouM for:— In dem am 30. Dezember 1964 ausgege­ Delegations of Victims in Bonn benen Bundesgesetzblatt wurde die 17. CURTAINS, CARPETS, LINO, Opferfuersorgegesetznovelle veroeffentlicht, UPHOLSTERY In Bonn, an Israeli delegation, authorised by deren Bestimmungen teilweise auch fuer aus *ne Knesset, put forward the claims for com­ Oesterreich stammende Emigranten von pensation under the Federal Compensation Belang sind. Die Geltendmachung von iPSCI ALITY Law of 50,000 former Austrian Jews now Anspruechen nach dem OFG ist weiterhin ^ving in Israel, The delegation said that nicht befristet. Eine Darstellung der wesent­ CONTINENTAL DOWN Austrian Jews became German citizens when Uchen Bestimmungen der neuen Novelle wird Austria was taken over by Nazi Germany in in der naechsten Nummer der AJR Information QUILTS! erscheinen. 1938. but they were being indemnified under ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS jne Austrian compensation treaty and were thus receiving only five per cent of fhe amount VIENNA JEWISH ELECTIONS tSTIMATiS ntl P^id to Jews from Germany. The claim was The Socialist list received a majority of 13 also submitted in Bonn by the British Section seats out of 24 in the elections of the Vienna DAWSON-LANE LIMITED 2^the World Association of Jews from Austria. Jewish Community on December 20. In second 17 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK *^he draft of an amendment to the Federal place was the newly formed Organisation of indemnification Law, at present under con­ Jewish Persecutees headed by Simon Wiesen­ Telephone : ARN. 6671 thal, obtaining six seats. Two Zionist parties sideration, does not envisage compensation to obtained four seats altogether, and the Com­ P«rt«nal attanticii of Mr. W. Shackniaii. ^azi victims from Austria. munist list one. Page 4 AJR INFORMATION February, 1965 NEWS FROM ABROAD JEWRY IN THE EAST Lord Russell's Correspondence THE AMERICAN SCENE FRANCE Lord Russell (Bertrand Russell) is still con­ Survey on Antisemitism Documentary Exhibition tinuing correspondence with the new Prime Minister, Mr. Kosygin, referring to the position According to a study analysing opinion polls under the sponsorship of the American Jewish An exhibition called " The Jewish Struggle of Soviet Jewry, His private secretary, Mr, Committee, antisemitic attitudes are receiving Against Hitlerism" has just opened at the Ralph Schoenman, has stated that Lord Russell " less widespread support" in America in the Centre de Documentation Juive Contemporaine is not yet satisfied with the replies which he 1960s than at any other time in the past 25 in Paris. Sixteen West and East European has received so far from the Soviet leaders years, although latent prejudice is strong and countries are participating. Dr. Nahum with whom he has been in touch. could be brought to the surface by a major Goldmann, president of the World Jewish crisis. Congress, attended the opening. Rabbi Levin, Active anti-Jewish hostility was prevalent the Chief Rabbi of Moscow, and General de Red Army Generals during the Second World War and formed Gaulle were invited, and many prominent part of general anti-minority sentiment in the French personalities also attended. Dr. Major-General Alexander Cyrlin, the son United States, the study states. It reached its Elisabeth Eppler, of London, was in charge of of a Jewish tailor, has been appointed head peak in 1944 and dropped sharply by 1946, preparing the World Jewish Congress exhibit. of the Soviet MiUtary Academy of Engineer­ when the national crisis was over. The study ing. Writing on the 45th anniversary of the showed, too, that Jews were increasingly being Tribute to First World War Veterans academy in Red Star, the organ of the Red regarded as individuals rather than as mem­ Army, General Cyrlin mentioned that there bers of a group with " fixed qualities ". Jewish war veterans paid tribute at the are three more Jewish generals as his sub­ Invalides in Paris to the memory of 4,000 ordinates and named them as Major-Generals Call for Harmony with Islam foreign Jews who died in the First World Kotliar, Radinovitch and Hiasovitch, War while serving in the French Army. The Mr. Emanuel G. Scoblionko, the new pre­ ceremony was conducted in front of a tablet sident of the World Council of Synagogues, which recorded that 14,000 Jews, who were Mendele Tribute the global representative body of the Conser­ not French citizens, had volunteered for vative movement, in New York called for an service in the French forces in 1914-18, The The 100th anniversary of the birth of modern inter-faith dialogue between Jewish and Nazis, during the occupation of Paris in the Yiddish Uterature with the writings of Moslem religious leaders. As the first step last war, removed the tablet and sent it to Mendele Mocher Sephorim (1836-1917) was towards " closer harmony" with Islam, Mr. the " Victory Museum" in Berlin. It was celebrated in Bucharest and attended by many Scoblionko suggested the creation of an inter­ returned in 1948 and replaced alongside a new young Rumanian Jewish intellectuals. More national committee to study the best method one commemorating the sacrifices of tens of than 30 Jewish artists and poets gave readings of establishing a working relationship with thousands of Jews who died serving in the from Mendele's works. Moslem religious leaders.—(J.C.) French Forces in the last war. Immigrants' Awards New Year Honours Parcels to Russia The Immigrants' Service League of Chicago The French New Year honours list includes During 1964 the Association of Baltic Jews awarded eight foreign-bom American citizens the names ot many Jews, among them Marc in Britain sent nearly 7,300 parcels of clothing for distinguished contributions to the country. to needy Jewish families in Russia,—(J,C,) There were three Jewish recipients of the Chagall, the painter, who heads the list of awards: Judge Samuel B. Epstein, of the cir- the Ministry of Culture, There are three ciut court (born in Lithuania) : Mr. Samuel officers of the Legion of Honour and several CHINA COMMUNITY Levin, general director of the Jewish Com­ Knights of the Order, including two women. munity Centres of Chicago (born in Russia) : According to the Council of the Jewish and Mrs. Hilda Rubin, an artist, lecturer and Death of Courageous Cardinal Community in Shanghai, the number of Jews teacher (born in Austria). in Communist China has dwindled from 25,000 Cardinal Pierre-Marie Gerlier, Archbishop of two decades ago to 26 today—20 in Shanghai CANADIAN NEWS Lyons, died at the age of 85, During the war he took a courageous stand against the occu­ and six in Harbin, The Community Council Ashes from Polish Camps pying German forces. He intervened on has remained in China to provide welfare innumerable occasions against persecution of facilities, arrange for the Jewish education of About 250 Jews who were interned at the Jews, especially for the protection of the children and take care of Jewish ceme­ Maidanek and Belzec death camps and escaped Jewish children, teries. Information is also provided relating to or were hberated. now live in the Toronto confinement in the Shanghai area during the area. Almost every one of them had relatives Sartre's Adopted Daughter war of former members of the Jewish com­ or friends who met their ends in the camps. munity, so that they can pursue compensation For this reason human ashes from the camps, Jean-Paul Sartre, the French author who claims. where more than two million Jews were last October refused the 1964 Nobel Prize for Literature, has legalised his adoption of Miss murdered, were brought to Toronto for burial SPAIN AND THE JEWS at a special memorial service and burial Arlette Elkain, a 28-year-old Algerian Jewess. ceremony. She is now the author's legal heir, bearing his name.—(J.C.) In the course of his New Year message to Hate Incitement not Punishable the Spanish people. General Franco referred to BELGIAN RIGHT-WING " the extremely important theme of reUgious The Ontario Attorney-General. Mr. Arthur liberty, which is at present of such vital Wishart, has announced that present Canadian A protest march from Antwerp to Brussels interest to the Roman CathoUc Church", ana laws do not permit prosecutions for incitement was staged by about thirty members of an said that Spain shared " the preoccupation to racial hatred and disorder. This confirms extreme Right-wing youth organisation. The with gaining this ". His remarks were taken to the position taken by the Canadian Jewish youths handed in a letter addressed to King refer to the projected law granting greater reli­ Congress in Toronto, which has for a long Baudouin of Belgium protesting at the recent gious freedom in Spain, soon to be submitted time maintained that there are no provisions law extending the time limit for prosecution to the Spanish Parliament, He also referred in the law that can cover hate incitement, and of Nazi war criminals and requesting an to the contributions of " men of different races for this reason has proposed certain amend­ amnesty for all Belgian war criminals still in and creeds , , , accepted with respect and ments. prison. incorporated in the national personality ", and these remarks are taken to include the notable part played by Jews in all aspects of Spanish life and culture in the past. A newly formed section of the Judeo- Feuchtwanger (London) Ltd. Christian Friendship Association held a lecture in Barcelona where the view was put forward that, historically speaking, there had been no Bankers antisemitism in Spain, Father Federico Raurell, a Roman Catholic priest, said there BASILDON HOUSE, 7-11, MOORGATE, E.C.2 had been anti-Judaism, which was religious and not racial prejudice. The Declaration on non- Telephone: METropolitan 8151 Christians approved by the Ecumenical Coun­ cil was of particular importance to Spain, said Representing : Father Raurell, because it implicitly recog­ nised the right of Jews to practise their I, L. FEUCHTWANGER BANK LTD, I FEUCHTWANGER CORPORA^nON reUgion, Condemning discrimination, he saio there was no conflict between people, only TEL AVIV : JERUSALEM : HAIFA | 60 EAST 42nd ST.. NEW YORK. 17, N.Y, between doctrines, and Jews and Christians could meet at the human level.—(J.C.) AJR INFORMATION February, 1965 Page 5

ANGLO-JUDAICA HOME NEWS Lady Henriques Honoured NEW YEAR HONOURS JEWISH TAXEWAN FINED The Henrietta Szold Award, founded by the British Committee of Youth AUyah in 1960 and The New Year Honours List includes a Taximan Wolfe Busell was fined at Maryle­ given for outstanding service in social welfare, number of personalities who came to this bone for using insulting behaviour and for has been bestowed on Lady Henriques, country as refugees. damaging a necklace belonging to Mrs. Professor Karl Raimund Popper, who Franeoise Jordan, wife of Colin Jordan. Mr. Research on Demography received a knighthood, was born in Vienna in Busell pleaded guilty on both charges. PoUce- 1902. He is Professor of Logic at the London Inspector Faulkner said that Mrs. Jordan A research unit to investigate the basic School of Economics. One of his main works hailed a taxi but, as she was about to get demography of Anglo-Jewry is to be estab­ is " The Open Society and its Enemies " (flrst into it the driver, Mr. Busell, told her: " I lished by the Board of Deputies in conjunction PubUshed in 1945). don't want you. I am a Jew—you stinking with the leading Anglo-Jewish and IsraeU The C.B.E. was awarded to Berlin-born Pro­ Nazi—and Go!" Mrs. Jordan, Inspector sociologists. The project follows the confer­ fessor Claus Adolf Moser, Professor of Social Faulkner said, had replied, " Good luck to you ence on "Jewish Life in Modern Britain," Statistics at the London School of Economics. for being a Jew, but I will not go." held in April, 1962, in London, when one of He was a key figure in the fact-finding work Mr. Busell then jumped out on to the pave­ the main conclusions was that there was a lack done for the Robbins Report on Higher ment and tore off the swastika necklace she of reUable data on the size, structure and Education. He is also the author of " Social was wearing. Counsel for Mr. Busell said demographic trends in Anglo-Jewry. Conditions in England and Wales", "British the defendant had told Mrs, Jordan he was a Towns " and several other works. Professor Jew and fought in the war and alleged she Leeds Census Moser, who is 42 year old, served with the said: " If you are a Jew what are you doing R.A.F. during the war. In 1946 he was out of the ovens ? " A census of Leeds Jewry is to be carried out appointed Assistant Lecturer at the L,S,E,, Mr, Busell was fined a total of £3 and was by Mr. Louis Saipe, organising secretary of the where he has been a professor since 1961. He ordered to pay 20 shillings compensation to Leeds Jewish Representative Council. The serves as an expert on the (Milner Holland) Mrs. Jordan. conjectural figure of 25,000 Jews in Leeds has Committee on London Housing and on several Colin Jordan and Mrs. Jordan waited out­ been accepted without question or survey for other committees. His parents are members side the court room until the case ended, a great number of years. Leeds will thus of the AJR. posing for photographers and giving the Nazi pioneer a move which has been agreed on by Mr. K. Henry Rothenberg was appointed salute. all the provincial representative councils. O.BE, for services to export. He was born in Following the reports in the press several Halberstadt in 1917, but, together with his people sent money to Mr. Busell to pay the New Golders Green Communal Hall family, later on lived in Frankfurt (Main). He fines and to compensate him for money lost IS managing director of James North Export while not working as a result of the case. Ltd,, a factory of industrial protective equip­ But he also received threatening letters (one The opening of the Golders Green Beth ment, and senior partner of the accountants signed " From a very dear friend of Mr. Hamedrash Congregation's new communal hall firm BUck, Rothenberg & Noble. He received Eichmann") and telephone calls, and on was celebrated with a dinner. The hall, an the Lord Mayor of London Export Award in January 16 a blazing petrol-soaked rag was adjunct to the synagogue built five years ago 1963 and also holds a French order of merit pushed through the letter-box of his house. in The Riding, Golders Green, bears the name for his services to industrial safety. Mr. Some damage was done to the door and of Miriam Rachel Wohl, the late wife of Mr. Rothenberg has always been interested in carpets. Max Wohl, a prominent member of the congre­ Jewish affairs and is a member of the B'nai gation, and is part of a £33,000 project which B'rith Lodge. BAN ON FASCISTS will incorporate a Beth Hamedrash and a mikva. Dayan M. Swift expressed the hope The M,B,E, was awarded to Mr. Henry Smith, Leyton Borough Council refused permission that the congregation might eventually estab­ Managing Director of Alligator Leather Goods to Colin Jordan, leader of the British National lish its own yeshiva as the existing yeshivot at Ltd., Bishop Auckland, He is founder-presi­ Socialist Movement, to use Leyton Town Hall Gateshead and in other parts of the country dent of the Darhngton B'nai B'rith Lodge. for a public meeting. Jordan wished to hold were so overcrowded that they were obliged The list also includes Baron Silkin, who the meeting in connection with the by-election to turn students away. oecomes a Companion of Honour, and a in the borough. knighthood for Alderman Mark Henig Winslow Urban Council reversed a decision (Leicester), C.B.E,s have been awarded to taken by its general purposes committee to SmaU Communities Alderman Mrs, Helen Bentwich (wife of Pro- permit the use of the Town Hall for a meeting A panel of experienced ministers willing to lessor Norman Bentwich), a former Chairman of the British Union Movement. The reversal pay occasional visits to small Jewish communi­ of the L.C.C.; Mr. Chaim Raphael (Head of followed a storm of protests from residents ties in the provinces which have no spiritual the Information Division of the Treasury) who in the area. Councillor Alan Coburn, who said leaders of their own is being set up by the Will be remembered by many readers for his h6 was not Jewish though he had been born Chief Rabbi's office. The scheme will also Work at Lingfield Interment Camp in 1940 ; a Jew and was proud of it, argued that Mosley's allow for advanced students of Jews' College to professor Joseph Rotblat (Secretary of the movement should be allowed to use the hall stand in for ministers who are away. In this ^ugwash Committee, a conference of world on the grounds of freedom of speech for all. way they will gain ministerial experience. scientists) who arrived in England from his native Poland in 1939; Dr. Hyman Frazer, FINED FOR RACIALISM Knights of Charity neadmaster of the Gateway Boys' School, A Warwick court imposed fines of £175 ^eicester; and Mr, Richard Henry Fry, each on four members of the National Socialist A surgery has been dedicated at the South- financial editor of the Guardian, who was born Movement. The men were also ordered to pay port Jewish Convalescent and Aged Home. It "1 BerUn and left Germany in 1925, costs and compensation for scrawling walls was provided by the Knights of Charity at a Mrs, Miriam Kaplowitch was appointed in Warwick with antisemitic and racialist cost of £150 in memory of their former chair­ J^B-E, for voluntarj' social services in Notting­ slogans. man, Mr. Sydney Gordon. The dedication ham and district, and this has also been ceremony was held in the Home's synagogue pestowed on Mr. Joseph Mellick for services TWO OUTSTANDING JUDGES and attended by the Mayor and Mayoress of ^ relation to Legal Aid and on Mr, Lawrence Judge Bernard GilUs, Q,C,, and Judge King- Southport, Rabbi Dr. A. E. Silverstone, who jJavid Nathan for services to the Auckland, Hamilton, who last spring were appointed to performed the ceremony, said that the Knights ^ew Zealand, community in the fields of the Central Criminal Court, were the joint set out to help, wherever help was needed, Philanthropv and local government. guests of honour of the Maccabseans at their without regard to race or creed. -^ The M.B.E, has been awarded to Mr. George traditional Chanucah dinner. Proposing the Berman, senior executive officer at the Board toast of the two principal guests, the president Resignation of Brady Club Leader Ol Trade and to Mr, Nathan Henry, higher of the Maccabaeans, Sir Louis Gluckstein, Q.C, executive officer. Ministry of Agriculture, said that their elevation to these positions on fisheries and Food, Mr. Paul Yogi Mayer is to leave the Brady the bench was a great honour which added Club and Settlement, of which be is youth ..Mrs, Margaret Sara Jacobs, group officer of lustre to the whole Anglo-Jewish community. director, after being connected with the organi­ ^ne London Auxiliary Fire Service, who is also sation for the past 20 years. He stated that ^ member of the executive of the Association , . . and I can tell you he was looking for " a new challenge" and lor Jewish Youth, receives the B.E,M. wanted to do something new and interesting APPOINTMENTS "NORWEST ' is BEST in youth work. Mr, Mayer, who has been a member of the AJR since its inception, was , Mr. Reg Freeson, M.P. for Willesden East, FOR CHAUFFEUR-DRIVEN born in Kreuznach and, prior to his emigra­ has been appointed Joint Parliamentary CAR HIRE tion, played a leading part in the German- f^vate Secretarv to Mr, Tom Eraser, Minister 'Phone : Jewish sports and youth movements. During °i Transport, and to Mr, Stephen Swingler, Day and Night HAM. 4150 the war, he served with the British Forces, ^arUamentary Secretary to the Ministry. Mr. & Day HAM. 4154, SWI. 2202 for some time as a member of the Special ^usten Albu. MP. for Edmonton, has been NORWEST CAR HIRE LTD. Operations Executive, whose work included appointed to the committee set up to examine 331-5 FINCHLEY RD., N,W.3 parachuting into enemy territory. No date the place of the aircraft industry in Britain's for his departure from Brady Club has as economy. Your advance bookings welcomed. yet been fixed. Page 6 AJR INFORMATION February, 1965 FROM THE GERMAN SCENE WAR CRIMES Novak Sentenced Franz Novak, a former S.S, officer who PRESIDENT LUEBKE'S WARNING GERMANY AND ISRAEL organised the transport of Jews from Hungary The West German President, Dr. Luebke, in Diplomatic Relations to Auschwitz death camp, was sentenced to a New Year message broadcast over radio and eight years' imprisonment by a Vienna court television stations spoke of " the frequent Speaking at a meeting of the Foreign Press for " actions and omissions endangering the abuse that has already caused damage to the Association in Bonn, Herr Franz-Josef Strauss, lives" of Jews he sent to the death camps. name and authority of democracy in our West Germany's former Defence Minister, The charges against Novak of complicity m country." Extremist forces, though small in urged the recognition of Israel. The country, the murder of hundreds of thousands of Jews numbers, should be kept under control, since he said, was recognised by almost evejy State had earlier been reduced. He was accused oi their newspapers and propaganda were on the in the world, including those Communist States complicity in the murder of " only" several increase, he said. Certain tendencies belong­ which deliver arms to the Arabs. Israel's thousands and of " actions and omissions . ing to the past were beginning to spread again. survival did not depend on Germany's decision The prosecutor has appealed against the mild­ The President eoncluded by stating that and he did not understand the Arab threat ness of the sentence, from which Novak's four German democracy would fail if citizens to recognise East Germany if West Germany years in custody will be deducted. Novaks refused to participate in building it up. recognised Israel. counsel has appealed against conviction. In an interview with the Hamburg news­ TIES WITH ARABS paper. Welt am Sonntag, Dr. Eugen Gersten­ Erich Rajakovitch maier, president of the West German Parlia­ On his return from Cairo Dr, Eugen Gersten­ ment, also expressed himself in favour of The trial has also opened in Vienna of Erich maier, President of the Bundestag, who relations with Israel. EarUer he told reporters Rajakovitch, a former S.S, lieutenant-colonel, deUvered Bonn's invitation to President Nasser that he thought Cairo would " tolerate " West who has been in custody for a year. He served to pay a State visit to West Germany, said that German recognition of Israel if Bonn ended in Holland for some time during the war and reports of West German arms supplies to arms shipments to the Jewish State, He is alleged to be responsible for the deportation Israel had cast a shadow over his meeting with himself opposed these shipments. of hundreds of thousands of Jews to the Polisn death camps. the Egyptian President. Dr. Erhard, the West German Chancellor, President Nasser, who Dr. Gerstenmaier has told reporters that the Bonn Government stated was " the key figure of the Arab world ", did not plan to solve the problems of its Auschwitz Trial had " shown understanding for the relation­ relations with Israel " in one long jump". The Auschwitz death camp trial of .20 ship between West Germany and Israel ", The The Government was endeavouring to find a former members of the staff has entered its Bundestag president looked forward to " con­ compromise which would further German second year in Frankfurt, So far over 300 structive and positive results " from President relations with Israel without constituting a witnesses have been heard. Evidence is still Nasser's visit. At the same time he expressed challenge to the Arabs. West Germany was being taken and the trial is expected to con­ the belief that " we have a chance to normaUse anxious that the Arabs should not recognise tinue at least until March, Observers are relations with the Jewish State, step by step, East Germany as a result of Bonn's recognition agreed that public and press interest in the without impairing the traditional friendship of the State of Israel. Commenting on reports trial has greatly decreased in West Germany- with the Arab countries and without risking of German arms deUveries to Israel, the Chan­ Arab recognition of Communist East Ger­ cellor said a distinction had to be made many ", between arms deliveries and " other military Treblinka Camp aid." The trial of ten former members of the staff OSSIETZKY MEDAL FOR JEWISH AUTHOR of the Treblinka death camp continues in Compensation to Templars Duesseldorf. The defendants, who include The Jewish writer and historian, Josef Wulf, Kurt Franz, the deputy commandant, are was awarded the Carl-von-Ossietzky Medal for Israel has paid 54 milUon DM (about accused of compUcity in the murder of about his series of books deaUng with the persecution £4,860,000) in compensation for properties of 700,000 Jews, virtually the entire population in Germany by the Hitler regime. The annual the German Order of Templars on Israeli deported from the Warsaw Jewish Ghetto. award is sponsored by the International territory left behind by members of the Order League for Human Rights in West-Berlin, during the last war. Most of the Templars Warsaw Ghetto At the ceremony, held on the Day of Human settled in Australia after the war and part of Rights, Professor O, K, Flechtheim of the Otto the compensation paid by Israel has been A Bielefeld court is trying Heinricb Suhr Institute of the BerUn University, stated used to build a community hall and a central Klaustermeyer for the murder of 20 Jews in that, by his works, Josef Wulf had gained wide office in Melbourne.— (J.C.) the Warsaw Ghetto in 1941-43. Dr. Hans respect but, for obvious reasons, not von Krannhals, a West German historian, told unreserved popularity. At a time of remili­ SCIENTISTS IN EGYPT the court that the German Army had tarisation, renazification and restoration. repeatedly complained about S.S. actions and Professor Flechtheim said, it became evident For the first time, a West BerUn station the " bestiaUty " of the Warsaw poUce. time and again that the " brown past" was televised a filmed interview with an Israeli by no means dead. Prime Minister. Pointing out that German Stuthof Concentration Camp rocket experts working in Egypt were helping GERMAN ATONEMENT to prepare a war against Israel, Mr. Levi Two of three former S.S. guards at Stuthof Eshkol said that this activity was causing more concentration camp in West Prussia during tne A West German Protestant nun. Mother anti-German sentiment in Israel than the trial war were gaoled in Tuebingen on charges or Basilea (Dr. Klara SchUnk), during a tour of Adolf Eichmann. He appealed to the complicity in the mass murder of Jews and of the United States discussed her work with German people to find a way to bring these other prisoners. Otto Haupt was sentenced to Reform rabbis. Mother Basilea founded an scientists back to Germany, and also called for twelve years' hard labour and Bernharo Order dedicated to arousing the German people the establishment of diplomatic relations Luedtke to six years' hard labour. The third to repentance and atonement for Nazi crimes between West Germany and Israel. Mr, Eshkol man. Otto Knott, was acquitted. The prose­ against the Jews. She has received thousands denied a claim by the East German Foreign cutor had demanded a life sentence for Haupi- of letters from German youths asking how they Ministry that West German reparations pay­ Eichmann Again could best atone for the sins of their fathers. ments to Israel were being used for military Mother Basilea, a doctor of philosophy and purposes. The Czech news agency, C.T.K., in the maga­ psychology, founded the Order with Mother According to reports in Bonn, between 20 zine "World in Pictures", published what « Martyria Madauss in 1947 in Darmstadt. The and 30 German mechanics and technicians says are Nazi documents, including one indi­ Order runs the Darmstadt Guest Houses, where have recently taken up jobs in the Egyptian cating that Adolf Eichmann organised tne thousands of people come to study, pray and arms industry. It is said that none of them is extermination of Jews in the first few weeKs devote themselves to " love for the Jewish a rocket expert, Cairo claims that there was a of the war. people " and repentance for the German crimes flood of applications from West Germans but The documents contain previously unknown against them. It also sends members to Israel that only a small group was chosen because details of the "Final Solution" and they and other countries, where they do voluntary no expansion in the Egyptian arms industry name people guilty of war crimes who are ^* work in homes for Jewish victims of Nazi was planned for the time being, present living free in various countries. Tn persecution. After the Order, which now A Cairo newspaper has stated that Egypt has magazine stated that when study of the docu­ numbers 90 sisters, was founded. Mother invited seven British, Austrian and Yugoslav ments has been completed they will be handeo Basilea sought ways to bring the Germans to scientists to take part in Arab scientific over to the governments directly concerneo repentance. One of the first was the pre­ research. The paper added that four newly and to the interested organisations. sentation of a play she wrote called " Israel". arrived Russian scientists would be employed —(J.C.) in space research.—(J.C.) Mass Grave Discovered BERGEN-BELSEN VISIT A mass grave containing the remains of STATUTO OF LIMITA'nON nearly 100 Jewish men, women and children, A party of 52 South American bishops who On January 19, fifty parliamentarians of the shot by the Nazis early in September, 1939, has took part in the meeting of the Ecumenical leading Christian Democratic Party submitted been discovered in Westem Poland. These Council in Rome recently visited the site of to the Bundestag a motion requesting exten­ were the first Jews to be killed at a mass the Nazi concentration camp in Bergen-Belsen, sion of the Statute of Limitation for Nazi execution by the invading German forces a^ at the invitation of the Bishop of Hildesheim. crimes from 20 to 30 years. the beginmng of the war.—(J.C. ) AJR INFORMATION February, 1965 Page 7 Old Acquaintances TWO LONDON EXHIBITIONS This and that: Golo Mann has been awarded the City of Mannheim's 10,000 DM Schiller Prize,—Max Reinhardt's son, Gottfried, signed MENZEL AT ARTS COUNCIL topographical prints of Kassel and Mar­ Carola Regnier (a daughter of Pamela Wede­ burg, church interiors, a coalmine, work­ kind) and EUsabeth von Molo (a grandchild of An enchanting exhibition of 116 men in a rolling-mill and on a brick Alexander Moissi) for two parts in a film he is drawings and water-colours by Adolph building. For Menzel was one of the first to produce starring Alec Guiness.—Erwin Menzel is being shown at present at the to recognise the picturesque qualities of Leiser, of " Mein Kampf" fame, is named as Arts Council, St. James's Square (up to certain branches of industry, the working director of the Film Academy in BerUn.— February 13 ; then from February 19 to processes of which he studied and repro­ Rosa Albach-Rety, the oldest member of March 9 in Bristol; from March 20 to April duced with the same devotion and patience Vienna Burg, celebrated her 90th birthday.— 11 in Kingston-upon-Hull; finally from as historic costumes and architecture. Great H. Blatzheim, of Cologne, will open Berlin's April 17 lo May 9 in Leicester). This is fidelity to detail, combined with the ability Europa Centre at the site of the former the 150th anniversary of Menzel's birth and to catch a characteristic posture, make him Romanische Cafe, The Centre is to be a kind the 60th of his death (1815-1905). The a great portraitist; even in cases that can­ of Haus Vaterland, with several restaurants in exhibition will not only give pleasure to not be checked, one is convinced of this. the national styles of various countries.— the older generation who remember seeing Noteworthy is the series of heads, The singer Lotte Leonard (Lewy) recently Menzel's pictures in German art galleries ; Urwaehler (1849), one print of which (No. celebrated her 80th birthday in Basle. it is meant also to acquaint the younger 24) recalls Manet in its composition and generation with a great artist and a remark­ execution, whereas Die Passagiere auf dem Mews from Everytchere : Leopold Lindtberg able tradition. Menzel is an astonishing Dormvdampfer (No. 30) brings to mind has succeeded Kurt Hirschfeld as director of figure, a true genius. While today much Daumier's railway passengers; the small Zurich's Schauspielhaus,—Robert Gilbert and nineteenth-century creative work strikes colour-print, Lesende Dame im Freien (No. Max Colpet are working on a musical version us as shallow and sentimental, Menzel's 61), a painting of the poet Fontane's wife, of " Charley's Aunt".—Martin Miller returned simplicity, the faithful craftsmanship seen has particular charm. Menzel's repertoire to London after a successful season with in the unfailing surety of his line, his is unusually large; he captures each and " Photo Finish " in Cologne,—Wanda Rotha amazing feeling for colour values and every thing with his brush. An attractive appeared in " Who's Afraid of Virginia unconventional composition, make a direct collection of these treasures is now to be Woolf ? " in Basle,—A new M,G.M. fihn is to and convincing appeal. He is the repre­ seen in the originals in England. be based on Franz Werfel's " Forty Days of sentative of a very definite Berlin Musa Dagh",—Ruth Marton, daughter of tradition, the main features of which are HEIDI HEIMANN. Ullstein's film critic Kurt Muehsam, sold her sobriety, amounting almost to under- first novel " The Divorcees " to Ullsteins ; she emphasis, lack of pathos and mother wit, is Uving in New York,—^Anton Diffring and and were found before Menzel in the paint­ Wolf Frees are in the Rank film " Telemark " ings of Kugler, and after him in Lieber- PEGGY GUGGENHEIM COLLECTION now on location in Norway,—Robert Stolz, the doyen of the Austrian composers, again con­ niann. For instance, there is a water- Tate Gallery colour : Badende Jungens (No. 50 in the ducted " Fledermaus " on New Year's Eve at exhibition), a subject which Liebermann To have brought the Peggy Guggenheim Vienna's State Opera. has treated in the same manner. Thanks Collection from its home in Venice to the Tate Ohiiuary: Vera Schwarz, the 76-year-old to his outstanding talent, Menzel developed Gallery is a great achievement. Peggy Gug­ opera singer who partnered the late Richard this tradition to unthought-of perfection. genheim—one of the few outstanding women Tauber for a time, has died in Vienna. She collectors of our age—who is descended from lived in the States during the war. In 1959 We have a parallel in England in William an originally German-Jewish family has not she was appointed an Austrian Professor h.c.— Powell Frith, who also lived to be 90, and only acquired individual works of paintings The 60-year-old actor, Ernst Ginsberg, died in whose dates (1819-1909) are almost identi­ and sculpture with a high degree of respon­ Zurich after a long illness. Born in Berlin, cal with those of Menzel. He consciously sibility and quaUty, she has also assembled he started with Otto Falckenberg in Munich abandoned the classical and historical sub­ a representative collection of the sequence of in 1925. After 1933 he Uved in Switzerland,— jects of hii contemporaries and won a evolution in contemporary art, and that at a Carlotta Vanconti, a former opera singer and resounding and well-deserved success with time when many of the artists were still virtu­ ex-wife of Richard Tauber, died in Berlin at pictures such as Derby Day and Ramsgate ally unknown. The exhibition embraces the the age of 72,—Alma Mahler-Werfel who, in Sands, for which, like Menzel, he made development from Cubism, Futurism and the course of her eventful life was married innumerable, careful preliminary studies. Surrealism to abstract and completely non- to Mahler, Gropius and Werfel, died in New Menzel, however, can do both. He figurative art. York aged 85,—89-year-old Gustav Wyneken, brought a tremendous skill, the fruit of of Wickersdorf fame, has died in Goettingen. indefatigable effort, the most subtle sen­ In a short review of a galaxy which includes —Dr. Edwin RoUett, the 75-year-old former sitivity and shrewd historical insight, to the Picasso and Kandinsky, it is difficult to men­ editor of Wiener Zeitung, who was for three pictorial representation of the world of tion any special contributions. But Marcel years an inmate of the Mauthausen concentra­ Frederick the Great; and he paints these Duchamp's " Sad Young Man in a Train" tion camp, died in Vienna, historical events with the same cool realism (1911) should perhaps be singled out. The as he does his contemporary milieu, thus works of Klee and Max Ernst, both famous Austria: An ensemble from Vienna visited rehabilitating at a stroke the genre of the in the pre-Hitler period, are of specific Pressburg for the first time since the end of historic painting which was, not without interest to German Jews. Of general Jewish the war, T. WilUams's " Summer and Smoke " good reason, frowned upon. Besides a few interest are the paintings by Hirschfield. was successfully staged by them.—Actress sketches for the woodcuts for Kugler's Hilde Krahl and director Gustav Manker Chagall, Lipschitz, Antoine Pevsner and also received the Josef Kainz Medal,—Paul and Leben Friedrichs des Grossen (Nos. 2 and monumental abstracts by Samson Pollock. 3), two large pastels of Frederick the Great Attila Hoerbiger will star in Raimund's and Princess Amalie (Nos. 32 and 33), Perhaps more arresting than the individual " Alpenkoenig und Mensehenfeind" at the portraits in the truest sense, illustrate his exhibits is the Gesamtkunstwerk they repre­ Burg, directed by R. Steinbeock,—Conductor production ir this branch. Both beautifully sent—the sense of quaUty and unity, in spite Herbert von Karajan has lost his law suits executed with the utmost care on buff of diversions of style. Peggy Guggenheim against the critics of two Viennese dailies, paper, they make a direct, fresh impact: eschews the merely formalistic, the meretri­ Germany: 80-year-old Professor Karl the King, full face, his red-lined cloak flung cious and the ephemeral. The collector's Schmidt-Rottluff donated his paintings to the carelessly round his shoulders, and the warm and intelligent personality is expressed city of BerUu to form the nucleus of a Princess in profile, in a delicate, floral- in this exhibition, as it is in her book, " Con­ museum,—Hans Hinrich, who has just Pattemed crinoline, stepping into a sedan- fessions of an Art Addict". appeared in Kortner's " Zwiesprache" at chair. As in the large, celebrated paint­ It is a sobering thought that Peggy Guggen­ Vienna's Burg, is to act in " Nathan der ings : Dos Floetenkonzert and Die heim had, in association with Sir Herbert Read, Weise" at Gelsenkirchen, where he is Tafelrunde in Sanssouci, they demonstrate intended to establish a Museum of Modern director of the theatre,—Jan Kiepura and how he manages, out of his real elective Art in London. It is to be hoped that time Martha Eggerth are singing in "The Merry affinity, to create something quite congenial has not run out and that these works, so Widow" at Berlin's Theater des Westens,— and absolutely convincing. lovingly and discriminatingly collected, may Piscator produced Shaw's " Androklus und der Loewe " in BerUn, starring Georg Thomalla. As well as these reconstructions of find a pennanent home in this country. history there are plenty of other studies: HELEN ROSENAU. PEM Page 8 AJR INFORMATION February, 1965

H. I. Bach factory, the second Jew in Stuttgart to do so. The official history merely remarks that few Jews avail-jd themselves of the opportunity offered to them. A MEMORIAL TO THE JEWS OF STUTTGART At the turn of the century, a member of the Kaulla family held seats on the Boards of other After the war, a number of German cities, 1806) King of Wurttemberg from an alliance large banks, of the Badische Anilin und Soda- whose Jewish communities had been all but with Napoleon I to the Allies in the War of fabrik, the Daimler Works, the Bagdad Rail­ wiped out by the Nazis, decided, as a kind of Liberation ; in 1817, their bank became the way (io. and the Banque Francaise pour le spiritual restitution, to publish the histories Royal Court Bank of Wurttemberg. Commerce et I'lndustrie, Paris, besides of these congregations. The volume under The KauUas had maintained a Talmud Torah numerous further interests. The most widely review, " Weg und Schicksal der Stuttgarter School at Hechingen and the first Jewish Con­ spread of the commercial undertakings of Jews Juden", is one of these. Issued by the Town gregation came into being as early as 1808 of Stuttgart, however, was the firm Wolf Sf Council, carefully and sympathetically com­ when 119 Jews were resident at Stuttgart, Sons which attained a large share of the world piled by Dr. Maria Zelzer from recollections of Their number grew slowly : to just over 1,100 trade in cotton waste. In 1914, 33 out of 250 survivors, official documents and historical in 1864, when full emancipation was granted millionaires in the city were Jews—a sur­ sources, it covers the subject in nearly 600 after its beginning in 1808 and its second stage prising number even in retrospect because no pages. The emphasis on recent history is in 1828 ; with a quicker pace of growth during palatial mansions, no ostentatious display marked by the arrangement: one-quarter eacn the industrial expansion after the war of indicated such wealth. The lesson of Jud Siiss is taken by the description of events up to and 1870-71, from 1,800 to 4,300 in 1910, and slowly had been learned. under the Nazis, while the second half consists again to 4,500 in 1933 when Stuttgart had As to the professions, Stuttgart just missed of a Memorial Table listing over 1,000 names, 415,000 inhabitants. In 1945, 123 Jews were becoming the birthplace of Albert Einstein, his 48 pages ot illustrations, source references left. mother moving to Ulm on her marriage. A and Index. The organisation of religious life showed number of first-rate Jewish artists and con­ Stuttgart was not an old Jewish settlement some remarkable features. Whereas in Prussia, ductors performed at the Opera House, the like Worms or Frankfurt, even though the for example, unfettered association of Royal Conservatorium of Music had been existence of the old communities near-by in individual Jewish Congregations became pos­ founded in 1857 by Sigmund Lebert (-Levy) the Black Forest, such as Hechingen, would sible only under the Weimar Republic after and, unexpectedly, the establishment of fire- suggest it. In the fourteenth and fifteenth 1918, the " Israelitische Oberkirchenbehorde " fighting services was due to a Jew, "Fire centuries, we find the sporadic appearance of for the whole of Wurttemberg was set up in Director" Bruno Jacoby. There were poli­ Jews, but despite the pleading of the humanist 1831. Its title, pronounced with an affectionate ticians and doctors, one of whom, Cahn, was Johannes ReuchUn, the last Count and first smile by later generations for its equating generally referred to as " Rettungscahn " (Li^f Duke of Wurttemberg, Eberhard the Bearded, Jewish religious communities with the Boat), with an affectionate pun on the German in his Last WiU of 1492 decreed their per­ Christian Churches, yet enshrined complete meaning of his name. Jews generously con­ manent expulsion. Only in the eighteenth religious equality even prior to full political tributed to charities and were often instrumen­ century. Court Jews were admitted again. The emancipation. The administration of the tal in setting up social services such as a most famous of these. Suss Oppenheimer Jewish Congregations was based on a propor­ workmen's settlement, a model orphanage and ("Jud Siiss"), a brilUant financier far ahead tion of income tax collected together with the others ; a fair number became Freemen of of his time, saved his Duke from bankruptcy general taxes ; though individual membership the City. (1734-38) but, after the Duke's death, he fell could be resigned by a simple declaration, Patriotic behaviour of Jews in the First victim to the ingrained prejudices he had hardly any use was ever made of this possi­ World War is recorded in friendly detail, and challenged by ostentatious display of power biUty. The ministers of religion were Ukewise the life of the subsequent twenty years is and wealth. Even though, after his igno­ paid by the State, with corresponding pension described much as it was, industrially active minious end, a Jewish master of the mint was rights of civil servants ; all but the last of them and vigorous, culturally sedate and a little appointed in 1758 and four famiUes were under Royal rule were knighted. The whole dull—generally speaking. The Jewish Youth allowed to settle in the town in 1770, the system reflected an uncommon tolerance and Movements that made it exciting and whose admission oi Jews, and even more so their even sympathy on the part of the succeeding members came to supply the core that took reception, was palpably delayed by the fate kings of Wurttemberg, who appreciated the the brunt of spiritual resistance and a large of Jud SUss. contribution of Jews to the weal of the land. share of Jewish organisation during the Hitle"" The emancipation of Jews proceeded bv Contributions to Industrial Expansion years are barely mentioned, though it is only slow, cautious steps while, on the other hand fair to add that they kept much to themselves it did not encounter setbacks such as those in This contribution was solid rather than and received little publicity that could have Prussia, Its roots are still in the age of spectacular, much Uke the cast of mind of Court Jews, In 1797, " Madame KauUa " and Swabians themselves. Besides the Court Bank, her brother, from Hechingen, are given a which in the hands of the KauUa family con­ house in Stuttgart belonging to the Duke of tinued to flourish and branched out in settine Don't suffer from the effects of DRY AIR caused by Wurttemberg, and in 1800, Jacob KauUa is up a machine works, a sugar factory, etc, from appointed Court Banker, Evidently, Madame the 1850s onwards Jews also took an active Central-Heating KauUa was the dominant force in this banking part in the industrial expansion then begin­ firm—so much so that her whole family, ning. The first of the large-scale factories was, including her brothers, adopted her first name, strangely enough, one of woven corset^, the Jewish equivalent of " CaroUne," as sur­ boosted of course by the fashion of hoops and name—a fact that may weU be unique m crinolines but also by family connections in German-Jewish history. Related to an the U.S.A, which promoted export. Other influential banking house in Vienna and in examples of Jewish industrial enterprise were friendly contact with the Rothschilds, the cotton spinning and a manufacture of bed KauUas were rumoured to have mediated the feathers which grew into an eiderdown factory, 111*1 politically delicate transition of the (since and also shoe-making works, of which " Salamander" attained an international reputation. Gorta Radiovision In the early stages, these activities could be prompted by the need to overcome invisible MMMlil Service obstacles as well as by the opportunities of INSTALL A HUMIDIFIER (Member R.T.R.A.) growing industrialisation. Since 1809, legisla­ tion had opened up training in the crafts lo 13 Frognal Parade, Jews, in an attempt to faciUtate their transfer­ on your Radiator and be free from an unpleasant Flnchley Road, N.W.3 ring to respectable occupations and to wean and unhealthy atmosphere. them away from peddling, then almost the only INEXPENSIVE—NO RUNNING COSTS SALES REPAIRS way of gaining a livelihood in particular in the Agents for Bush, Pye, Philips, Ferranti, Ask for details from : Grundig, etc. rural communities, David Bach, my grand­ Television Rentals from 8/- Per Week father, had been trained as a weaver but, as he The Humidifier Co. recalled, could get no employment in his craft: Mr. Gort will always be pleased to 25 Bridge Road, Wembley Parle, Middx advise you. the resistance of the Guilds was able to nuUif;' (HAM. 8635) the benevolent governmental efforts. He did ARNold 7603 not fall back on peddling but founded a textile AJR INFORMATION February, 1965 Page 9 A MEMORIAL TO THE JEWS OF STUTTGART '^ MEMORIAM DR ERNST KAEBER (Continued from previous page) When we speak of the " other Germany "— and for its sake we should reserve our general fraught the chronicler's attention. This serious create a navigable waterway from the North omission is partly made good in the description judgement—our thoughts tum not least to Sea to the Black Sea, right across Europe. The those men and women who, despite entice­ Of the Nazi period, where the collective emigra­ first stage of this project was completed tion of a group of " Kameraden ", " Die Werk- ments and threats, remained true to their only a few months ago; the city of Stuttgart marriage partners during the Hitler period. ieute ", who after prior agricultural retraining named the bridges over its new harbour " Otto ^et up a kibbutz of their own in Israel, forms Such a man was Dr, Ernst Kaeber who Hirsch Bridges" (1958). formerly directed, administered and enlarged one of the most attractive chapters : Swabian His Jewish work was not less important. He farmers and gardeners, former socialists and the Berlin City Archives. Some will still recall had long been active in the " Central-Verein ". him as a German Democratic Party representa­ Pious Christians aUke, competed in bavin? As chairman of the Constitution Committee he tive in the Tiergarten quarter of BerUn, and tnem as trainees, as a way of silent protest drafted (1921-24) the new Constitution of the others may still perhaps remember that, at a against the regime. Jews of Wurttemberg, and he remained presi­ time when this was already not quite without The book catches some of the spirit of dent of the Organisation of its Jewish Con­ risk, he published articles in the C.V. Zeitung resistance and elation in a wave of Jewish com­ gregations even after having been made on the history of Berlin's Jews. munity feeUng which made the first years of Administrative Director of the Reichsvertre­ These articles, as his biographer Archivrat Nazi rule so memorable. The centre of Jewish tung der Deutschen Juden. The man whom, Dr. Werner Vogel assures us, together with hfe was the ' Lehrhaus " (Institute of Jewish together with Leo Baeck, German Jews put at the fact that he did not part from his Jewish ^learning), one of whose co-founders was Otto the helm in their darkest time brought to his wife, resulted when the Nazis came to power, Hirsch. Martin Buber came over from Frank­ task not only deep religious conviction, a in his being hindered in his scholarly and lurt for a series of deep-reaching discussions brilliant mind and long administrative experi­ Uterary work and, finally, not yet 55 years old, *ith Christians. Karl Adler, the inspiring ence but the vision of an industrialist com­ to his being forced out of his position. He firector of the Conservatorium of Music, made bined with a civil servant, the synthesis of was only able to resume his official activities in It a regular feature of concerts to win over the " Jewish blood and Swabian soil" which extremely difficult circumstances after the war. entire audience to join in with communal sing­ Theodor Heuss praised in him. He died in 1961, about 80 years old. ing. (When he had to resign his post, the Con­ Endurance and Resistance Now the BerUn Historical Commission, servatorium steeply deteriorated. A meeting which is associated with the University of *as held to see what could be done. To the West BerUn, has pubUshed a number of question why it could not now flourish after The war years under the Nazis are amply documented. The policy of the suppressors Kaeber's best essays under the title " Beitrage *ne stumbUng-block had been removed, the zur BerUner Geschichte " (Verlag Walter de Principal from the Ministry who was in the aimed at slow " strangulation" of Jews^ physically for instance by herding them Gruyter & Co,). The nestor of Brandenburg- chair replied: " Unfortunately, there is no Prussian history, Professor Johannes Schultze, other stumbling-block available",) together in overcrowded premises after con­ fiscating their own houses, by compelling them has contributed an impressive preface to these The career of Otto Hirsch is described in to walk, sometimes for miles (being forbidden essays, in which he stresses the pointlessness special detail, and indeed he was not merely the to use trams or buses), to get a loaf of bread of Kaeber's removal from office. '"ost eminent of the Jews of Stuttgart, but he from the sole " Jewish shop ", as often as not Among these reprinted essays is to be found epitomised what was best in them. After a in vain ; spiritually, e.g., by a decree forcing his essay on " Die Berliner Juden im Mit­ legal training he had entered the communal Jews to violate the Day of Atonement on telalter ", which first appeared in 1929. In a Sovernment service of his native town, which which they had to surrender, in person, their compact .ind excellent piece of writing he ^e represented at the Weimar National wireless sets, that invaluable contact with the describes the fate of this small medieval Assembly and at the Paris Peace Conference, wider world. Yet even under these conditions Jewish settlement, from its first mention in a in 1919, he went over to the civil service of there are shining examples of quiet heroism. Clothworkers' Privilege of 1297 to the pre­ ^ne State, Promoted to Principal at the age To mention just a few : Karl Adler, returning cursors of the catastrophe which befell the of 36 he was, as a civil servant, made director from the concentration camp where he had BerUn and Mark Brandenburg Jewries in 1510, of the Neckar Canal Ltd., one of the most far- been badly manhandled, opening at once an To find this article, which was originally I'eaching industrial projects ever undertaken: Emigration Centre (" Mittelstelle") where, pubUshed in the C.V.-Zeitung, Dr, Kaeber's grossing the mountain range of the Swabian despite all supervision, he organised a " black ' widow had to seek the help of the Wiener Alb by a series of sluices and locks, it was to escape route for those in immediate danger Library in London—it was no longer obtain­ connect the river Main to the Danube and thus and also tried to obtain ordinary emigration able in Berlin, permits ; Hans Walz, a director of the Robert JACOB JACOBSON. Bosch Co,, who financed this work in secret, as all accounts of Jews were blocked; the architect Ernst Guggenheimer who, com­ Ackermans mandeered to break up the burnt-out syna­ gogue with 15 young Jews recalled from con­ centration camps, saved and hid the Tablets of the Law that had remained undamaged in the gable; the Sports Master Julius Baumann Chocolates who did not use his emigration permit because De Luxe " the children needed him " and who provided food for those under his care and old people IN BEAUTIFULLT until, denounced, he was sent to Mauthausen DESIGNED concentration camp and, according to the Nazi formula, " shot upon trying to escape "; the PRESENTATION young Kurt Bellinger, member of a group of BOXES Werkleute retraining in Holland and marooned there at the outbreak of the war, who got hold MARZIPAN of the uniform of an S.S. officer and used it to issue " official permits" for all of them: SPECIALITIES Christian neighbours who, disregarding the danger to themselves, gave food to Jews; and DIABETIC the nurses joining their patients, the CHOCOLATES daughters accompanying their aged parents, voluntarily and knowingly, on the way to the 43, KENSINGTON CHURCH ST., concentration and extermination camps. LONDON, W.8 This second half of the book, written with WES. 4359 and great sympathy and undisguised indignation, incorporates a good many eye-witness descrip­ 9. GOLDHURST TERRACE, tions of experiences in these camps. It ends on a consoling note with the description of FINCHLEY ROAD, N.W.6 the new synagogue, dedicated in 1952, whicn MAI, 2742 incorporates the Tablets of the Law saved from the destruction of the old. APIOOB Page 10 AJR INFORMATION February, 1965 of a doctor, a " Yored " of pre-State days who Roberi Weltsch in the meantime in America has made the sort of flnancial and social success of his career that is hardly possible for Ora's father. Eleanor MARTIN BUBER AND THE BIBLE arrives in the country with a fixed " \ye '" America" routine, an arrogant superiority Martin Buber, who will celebrate his 87th note, such as the chapter on false Prophets complex and complete lack of understanding birthday in Jerusalem on February 8, is now originally written in Palestine in 1940, or the for Israel. Consequently Ora does not find u busy revising the text of his German trans­ discussion of right and wrong in five Psalms. easy to appease the storms of protest that her lation of the complete Hebrew Bible. He feels And we also find an answer to those sceptics guest from America causes among her friends. it might be improved here and there since who ask for whom this translation is intended. An explosion between the two girls, tne a new edition of the whole work is due to be After all that has happened the idea of a IsraeU and the other with her constant published. The Biblical word is a spoken word German translation, conceived in good faith challenges, is unavoidable when Eleanor calls and that is what has to be decisive in choosing in 1925 under completely different circum­ a girl from Irak who makes fun of her, » an equivalent in another language. stances, has now, for obvious reasons, become "nigger", an event that the children try to Buber's mind is steadily occupied by the questionable. Buber is more optimistic. He turn into a "legal trial" with only Umiteo Bible, which he masters as do few other living believes that no predictions can be made in success. And yet the final outcome is i^^ men of our time. For 40 years his main the world of the spirit, and he affirms the duty happy ending, but rather a happy °^^^° \lg concern has been to convey the message of of missionary work, not on behalf of a par­ which there opens before the young people tn the Bible to living men. The translation, ticular faith but on behalf of the Truth that wide horizon of mutual understanding and which was started in 1925 together with Franz is contained in the word of the Bible. glimpse of the essentials of life. The decisive Rosenzweig, is the main result of this endea­ As supplement to this tremendous collection experience takes place on an excursion, vour, but it is by no means the only one. Buber has added a dramatic poem, " Elijah ", Eleanor's farewell trip, when two of the gi^' There are also many interpretative books, which lays open the central problem of Jewish are almost crushed by a falling rock and tn some written in Hebrew and reaching Jewish religion in its formative years, namely, the American doctor's daughter saves their Irve readers beyond the German-speaking sphere. necessity to choose between two principles: by using her expert knowledge of first-aid. Tn In the final edition of Buber's " Werke " the the popular god of vitaUty (Baal) and the realisation and lesson that good deeds ana second volume (the last in order of appear­ hidden God of the spirit, "There is no indica­ human protection are more important tha ance) is devoted to writings on the Bible*, tion of the date when this remarkable piece discussions and dogmas, is expressed by Ru^' With the publication of this volume the, so to was written but one discovers in it some echos Lampel with moving simpUcity, . speak, official edition of Buber's Uterary of Nazi experience, such as the sudden drag­ The author demonstrates a strong dramati work is now complete, (An appraisal of the ging away of the father of the family by the talent in describing the excursion, as well a first volume, on philosophy, was published in police, followed by the message to the wife in other portions of the book—her experience this journal two years ago, while the third that her husband has died. as a radio dramatist may have assisted her i volume, on Chassidism, was reviewed last The three big volumes of Buber's work con­ this. One wonders, therefore, why she did no year.) stitute an inexhaustible source of knowledge present the whole thread of her story in tne In these three huge volumes, to which and inspiration for many generations to come. form of a continuous and gripping juvenu another one. " Der Jude und sein Judentum," They are the manifestation of a concept of novel, rather than in the stiff framework of a containing the more political or semi-political Judaism in our time which has no equal in diary kept by Ora. Admittedly this does perm" writings has to be added, Buber incorporated any language. an extremely deUcate and artistically contriveo not only ill his published single books, but reflection of Ora's first love pangs—also an also a great number of essays, speeches and FOCUS ON ISRAEL'S ADOLESCENTS excellent description of the relationship even documents such as memoranda, which A New Novel within her own family, but on the whole it i one could find elsewhere only with difficulty. a good thing that the girl forgets the role oi For instance, the last volume (the " second ") The writer Rusia Lampel, who lives in diarist for which the author actually cast Rer, comprises all of Buber's own explanations of Jerusalem, has written a novel for young girls and tears herself away from her desk, goins the principles and methods of his translation " Der Sommer mit Ora " (Verlag Sauerlaender, on to act in the way we would expect tn and also parts of the directives he sent out Aarau/Frankfurt), It attempts to present leading character in a juvenile novel to do. Israel's experience, reality and plethora of while in charge of the Mittelstelle fiir judische Anybody reading the book—even if they ar Erwachsenenbildung during the first period problems lo Jewish and non-Jewish youth—no light undertaking when one considers how over sixteen and not ashamed of enjoying sue of the Hitler regime. Many people now in literature—wiU be curious to know in tne their fifties or sixties will remember the extremely complicated and deadly serious are the components that led to Zionism and the second volume whether, why and how Eleano unique fascination of those days when Buber comes back to Israel and whether Ora is goins came to youth centres or conventions in small founding of the Jewish State, It might almost be assumed that the theme simply defies pre­ to marry her " G ". towns and villages in Nazi Germany to con­ ERICH GOTTGETREU. duct what was called an Arbeitsgemeinschaft sentation within a literary category that was on the Bible. One can today hardly recall more concerned so far with " Herzblaettchens the paradox of the atmosphere of Intense Zeitvertreib" than with factual information learning in contrast to the surrounding world and artistic content. of the swastika. The authoress's design has, however, worked Most of Buber's main works on Biblical out remarkably well, particularly so because themes were produced at that time, including she knows Israel intimately and is aware of the his major theological book "Konigtum Gottes ", forces and personalities that created it. She which was originally conceived as the first unites within herself good, Jewish-Zionist volume of a comprehensive historical inter­ tradition (of an Austrian complexion) with pretation of Jewish faith. The completion tolerant understanding for Jewish existence in of this plan was not permitted to Buber— the Diaspora ; consequently neither she nor the possibly due to the turbulent world affairs. main characters in her story need ask the But two chapters of the intended continuation, question : who is a Jew ? On the other hand, called " Der Gesalbte ", are for the first time she has obviously made a very careful study of published here. Instead of the systematic what the " Sabra " youth feel, think and know structure, Buber treated other parts of and how they react to the questions with which religious history in separate publications, they are faced. This twofold knowledge gives some of them published in Hebrew in Pales­ her pen the assurance that is necessary to con­ tine during the war, of which the most vince the reader, but on the other hand her important are " Moses " and " Der Glaube der leaming is not pedantic and her message of Propheten". All these are included in the tolerance is never pathetic or sentimental. The present volume. This naturally also implies younger generation of today—no worse than many arguments with the Bible scholars of the youth of earlier generations, but exposed all nations. to exceptional dangers in an age of flourishing materialism—should be impressed by a book Among the smaller essays there are com­ of this kind. ments on special chapters or events in the Bible which sometimes also have a topical This also applies to the story that is unfolded. Ora is the daughter of a Jerusalem • Martin Buber : Werke. Zweiter Band. Sehrlften znr Bibel. Kflsel Verlag & Lambert Schneider, 1964 general practitioner. Her opposite number, 1,238 pp. DM 45. who becomes her friend, is also the daughter AJR INFORMATION February, 1965 Page 11 masses. All those who could, fled, thousands JEWS m THE GERMAN WINE TRADE of Jews streaming to the West, many of them penetrating as far as Italy, Western Germany and Holland. Memoirs from a Trade Journal AU the evidence indicates that the Lem­ bergers had great Talmudic learning and were " During the last few years the Lebanon ment columns of the DWZ ("Experienced of high descent. This is not only borne out has got a strong competitor through the Pales­ Christian tradesman seeks employment. . . .") by the fact that they were received with open tine vdnes which are exported in large quan­ and they do not remain unmentioned in the arms in Germany and later occupied important tities to Europe, especially Hamburg and book. Similarly, the " Gleichschaltung " after rabbinical posts, but they also traced their Antwerp, from Jaffa and Jerusalem, The 1933. the subsequent persecution and the descent from various famous rabbis, including great progress in viniculture and wine-making " Final Solution " " should not be passed over Rabbi Meir Katzenellenbogen (Maharam, in Palestine is due in large measure to the lightly" in a summary of historical events, Padua), who had migrated to Italy from his Jewish colonies estabUshed by Baron Roth­ the author writes. The quotes from the reports native Hessian home. schild and taken over by ICA at the beginning of the year 1933 in the DWZ where, for of 1890, as well as to the German settlements instance, it is stated that the chairman of the Rabbis in Trier in Jaffa, Sarona, Jerusalem and Haifa, Among Wiirttembefg wine merchants. Max Adler the Jewish colonies Rishon-le-Zion, near Jaffa, (see in this connection, p, 481, of the recently Rabbi Aharon, as we learn from an entry and Sammarin (Zichron Jacob), near Haifa, pubUshed book, " Weg und Schicksal der in the Memorbuch of the community of are specially concerned with wine-making of Stuttgarter Juden", Stuttgart, 1964—E.G.L,), Westhofen, was, in his youth, rabbi of Trier the highest quality, using the latest production and Willy Rosenthal, a member of the com­ from about 1665 to 1692. From 1692 he methods. . . ." mittee, had resigned. He then goes on: " By occupied the rabbinical seat in Westhofen near Strassburg, After the Peace of West­ This was written in the Deutsche Wein- the end of 1933 there was no longer a single advertisement by a Jewish firm in the wine phalia in 1648 Alsace was subjoined to France, '^eitung in Mainz in 1902 and has been repro­ but continued to be closely Unked to Germany duced Uterally in the jubilee volume pubUshed trade," At this point Otto Anhaus introduces a list of " particularly distinguished Jewish and its Jewry, Aharon died in 1712, having in November, 1964. to mark the centenary of been rabbi in Westhofen for twenty years. this trade journal (" 100 Jahre deutscher wine merchants", in which he includes, as exemplifying many others, Sigmund Loeb, The contemporary Memorbuch describes his Weinhandel—100 Jahre Deutsche Wein- activities in glowing terms. He left three sons: Zeitung, Ein Beitrag zur Weingeschichte ", by Trier (for many years vice-chairman of the Mosel-Saar-Ruwer Wine Merchants' Associa­ Jehoshua Heschel (born 1693), Joseph (born Otto Anhaus, pubUshed by J. Diemer Verlag, 1695) and Moshe (born 1706). Mainz. 1964). And to bring the story up-to- tion), Hermann Sichel, Mainz (chairman of the •late the author adds: "But today, too, the South-west German Association of Wine At the age of 21 Jehoshua became Dayan in •Jews are just as persistent as good wine­ Merchants), Kommerzienrat Kahn, Wurzburg Metz, where he remained for nine years. In growers. The exemplary model of the young (chainnan of thc Frankish Wine Merchants' 1723 he became rabbi in Trier, where his State of Israel gives proof of that. In the Association), Adolf Baer, Mannheim (chair­ reputation for learning became widespread. space of a few years a blossoming wincland man of the South-west German Association of It is not surprising, therefore, that the Ash­ has been produced there from nothing "—and Wine and Grape Importers, Mannheim) and kenazi community in Amsterdam offered him the only omission is a reference to the word Kommerzienrat Richard Unger (known the post of rabbi. For reasons unknown he " Hock " in " Carmel Hock ". which is derived through his connection with Kempinski in declined the call and preferred to take the from the wine-producing village of Hochheim BerUn). who was the first and also the last post of rabbi in Schwabach, with the associated on the Rhine! chairman of the Head Office of the German post of District Rabbi in Ansbach, He died in Wine Trade Associations. Schwabach in 1771 after having occupied the The Fertschrift recalls that the " Deutsche post for almost forty years, and was buried in Wein-Zeitung " was founded by Jews, and it also These references of Jewish interest are Georg-Gemiind, The famous FUrth rabbi, stresses the share of Jewish merchants and included in the description of the history of Joseph Steinhart, deUvered his funeral experts in viniculture and the wine trade. the wine trade during the past 100 years. oration. The Mainz Wine Commissioner, Eduard Gold­ E. G. L. His son, Moshe, son-in-law of Rabbi Meir schmidt (died 1919), gave up his business in Eger, of Fiirth, became rabbi in Trier, His 1885 in order to work on the journal, for which KARL MARX'S ANCESTRY daughter, Chaya. married Rabbi Meir Halevi he had written market reports and assembled Marx from there. After Rabbi Moshe's death lists of auction dates since 1873, His son. It is no secret, and never was, that the his son-in-law. Rabbi Meir, succeeded him. Consul Fritz Goldschmidt (born 1874, died founder of Marxism was descended from an Rabbi Meir had five children. One of them, 1944 " cast aside, forgotten, cut-off from his " old rabbinical family ". Let us examine this Heinrich, who became a Justizrat (advocate), friends, abandoned and alone", as the book rabbinical family somewhat more closely. got baptised. His son was Karl Marx (1818-83). states), became editor in 1895, and his son, In the second half of the seventeenth Karl Marx inherited little love for Judaism Dr, Eduard Goldschmidt, is now the publisher century the Lemberger family appeared in from his rabbinical ancestors. He had no of the DWZ. " Ed. Goldschmidt was a Jew ", Western Germany, calling themselves Luoo interest at all in the Jewish people. On the *e read in the jubilee volume. And later on: after the Polish name of the town of Lemberg. contrary, he was actively inimical to Judaism. ' Our survey would be incomplete without The earUest _member of the family of whom In his essay on " The Jewish Question" he Reference to the brilliant role played by the we know is Aharon ben Moshe who, according wrote, for example : " Let us not seek the •Jews in the German wine trade in the second to one source, was bom in Poland about the secret of the Jews in their religion, but let naif of the last century." This is followed by year 1640. Since the Lembergers probably us seek the secret of their reUgion, in actual *hat is described as " random extracts " from migrated to Germany about 1650, it is to be Jews. What is the worldly basis of Judaism ? auction records and announcements of that assumed that the father. Rabbi Moshe, accom­ Practical needs, self-interest. What is the Period—from places such as Alsheim (Isaac panied his son, Aharon. worldly culture of the Jews ? Haggling. l^avid), Biidesheim (Ludwig Levi), Jugenheim What is their worldly God ? Money ". ^W, siissberger), Oppenheim (M, David, The Lembergers were refugees from the "idow and Son, Jacob SeUgmann), Edenkoben wild Cossacks in Poland. From 1648-1657 the One branch of the Lemberger family went, (Simon Lob; Levy Wolff), Langenlonsheim Cossack hetman Bogdan Chmielnicki stirred via Berlin, Frankfurt-on-the-Oder and Moravia, ^al, Natt), Mainz (Rud. Hirsch; Lazarus up a revolt against the Polish ruling class, to Pressburg, where they flourished. One of Weinschenk; Maas, Nathan & Co.; Otto which was also directed against the Jews as a their members, Abraham Hirsch Lemberger Davidson ; Wertheimer & Co.), Coblenz (Dr. tool of the Polish nobiUty. The nobles were, of (1776-1834), became Court factor at the Sainueison, wine analyst), Mannheim (Herm, course, able to protect themselves against the Viennese Court, being recognised at the same ^b-Stern & Co.), Frankfurt-on-the-Main insurgents' fire and sword, but the Jews time as the leader of Hungarian Jewry. (Albert Rosenbaum ; S. Rosenheim & Co.) and became the defenceless victims of the revolting A family descended from him, which had Wiirzburg (Isaac Breitenbach), Anhaus settled in Vienna, came to Eretz Israel in 1938, *rites that the liberal attitude of these inter­ where they are now flourishing, deeply nationally minded and art-loving Jewish enrooted in the country and devoted to Jewish •nerchants did much to keep the German wine tradition. One of the sons fell in the War of trade from second-rate provincialism. It Independence and another, who served in the *ould be no exaggeration to say, he goes on, underground movement, was among those who that without the Jews the German wine trade Wir kaufen Einzelwerke, Bibllotheken, stormed the fortress of Acre. A British *ould not be what it is today. Autogrophen und moderne Graphik military court sentenced him to ten years' Drrekfor : Dr. Joseph Suschitzky imprisonment, but after a year he was released On the other hand, there were already some 3«a BOUNDARY RD^ LONDON. N.W.S when the British left the country. Jntisemitic occurrences in former times. They Telephone: MAI. 3030 became apparent occasionally in the advertise­ Y. L. BATO. Page 12 AJR INFORMATION February, 1965

E. G. Lowenthal A TOPICAL SHORT STORY Gertrud von le Fort is a distinguished Ger­ ALBERT EINSTEIN HOSPITAL IN SAO PAULO man Catholic writer, now in her eighties, who, unlike so many others, did not join the ranks Brazilian soil, at any rate in the eastern concentrated in the hands of the exclusively of the Nazi sympathisers. She has written a provinces, is red-brown in colour. This clay Jewish Sociedad Beneficente Israelita Bra- number of novels and short stories; one of soil, they say, is of quite good quality, but not sileira, Sao Paulo, a corporation founded years her favourite themes is the problem of much is cultivated since the country is ago on an ad hoc basis by a number of Jewish behaviour of her own aristocratic class in times sparsely populated. The Brazilian scene organisations and institutions. Through its of stress. Her story, " Das fremde Kind ", is acquires its particular character from this many committees it works devotedly and most the portrayal of a lady who dares to protect red-brown colour, which always predominates effectively for the project and its realisation. a Jewish child in Hitler's Germany. whether viewed from an airliner flying over­ Every Jewish man and woman working with She calls her latest book* " a legend ". I' head or from close at hand at the outer limits and for this project is convinced of the belongs to those literary works which aim at of the great cities. importance that the Albert Einstein Hospital improving Jewish-Christian relationships. The Far away, in gently rising foothills where will one day have for the city, the country, story is set in Spain during the time of the Sao Paulo's screen of high buildings, somewhat even perhaps for the Continent, and also for Inquisition and gives a glimpse of the lif^ reminiscent of New York's famous skyline, the Jewish community. in the small town of Santa Rosita. At the begins to appear on the horizon, an imposing If it be asked how this enterprise came order of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella and unique building is emerging from the wide, about, it would be found that it was not only of Aragon the Jews have either to undergo red-brown open spaces of its environment. It an expression of gratitude to Brazil, and not compulsory baptism or to leave the country- is already so far complete that it is hoped that solely due to the humanitarian motives of At the same time the plague reaches the town it will be occupied this year. great philanthropists, but also, and not least, and the city fathers urge the Jewish doctor. The near-by road, that originally linked the to the desire of many young, BraziUan-born, Rabbi Chanon ben Israel, to postpone his city with isolated villas lying in their own thoroughly trained and well-established Jewish departure. He, however, prefers to join the grounds, including some secluded castle-like doctors, who wanted to see their patients exodus of the Jews, and his feelings of revenge properties (possibly dating back to Brazil's accommodated without difficulty in decent and hatred are confirmed by the attitude oi defunct Imperial era), has been widened and quarters and, furthermore, who wanted to be the Archbishop who had always shown himself improved in recent years. It bears a name able to carry on their scientific work and to be the Rabbi's adversary. that also indicates that this tract of land is research in a modern institution without The Rabbi's only daughter, Michal, a beauti­ accessible to the city. " Avenida Albert disturbance. Einstein " is the name inscribed on new street ful blind girl, inspires the sculptor, Pedre signs, obviously recently erected. It is doubt­ These considerations will determine the final della Barca, when he is commissioned to ful whether many Brazilians know about form of the Hospital: the establishment of a make a statue representing the Church and the Albert Einstein, his work and the breadth of single administrative control over all the Synagogue, Contrary to custom, he shows the his humanitarian standpoint. Possibly, many specialist sections on the one hand and, on Synagogue not as a blindfolded figure but as of those now ignorant will ask the appropriate the other, the creation of a medical research the beautiful Michal with seeing eyes. The questions in the near future. For then the centre that meets the demands of most recent death of Michal and Pedre bring together the Albert Einstein Hospital will be complete and knowledge and up-to-date needs. That this is Rabbi and the Archbishop in their efforts for ready for use : the first Jewish hospital in the not far off is shown by a fleeting glance at the the restoration of the health of the population. whole of South America, not merely Brazil, ground floor, where the wide corridor already " Jephta's Daughter " is a Catholic book on which, Jewish in name, direction and attitude, branches off into spacious reception rooms, a Jewish problem. It is magnificently written will be available to serve the general public, casualty department and medico-scientific and belongs to the best of the large output in particular the inhabitants of Sao Paulo. lecture theatre. This auditorium is fitted with of new German books on Jewish subjects. Furthermore, this hospital will have a " medi­ the latest sound insulation and has gently MIRIAM BRASSLOFF. rising seating for 200 ; it is already used occa­ cal school", a kind of medical research centre, • Gertrud von le Fort: Die Tochter Jephtas. In** as if it were a private medical faculty. sionally, as, for instance, not long ago, for Verlag, Frankfurt/Main. lectures by Jewish Nobel Prize Winners, such Well Planned BuUding as Professor Fritz Albert Lipmann (New MEETING OF JEWS FROM HALBERSTAPT The foundation-stone was laid seven years York), Professor Arthur Kornberg (California) ago in the presence of Einstein's son. Dr. Hans and Professor Selman Waksman (New Bruns­ Former members of the Community of A. Einstein, from the U.S,A, The whole project wick). Halberstadt recently held a meeting in/lf* has been gradually developed by private enter­ On leaving this building project of the Aviv. About 100 people attended. An address prise and with private funds, not too precipi­ Jewish community of the city, country and on " Halberstadt in the Past and Present" wa» tately (the creeping inflation had something Continent, which is approaching completion given by the last Rabbi of the Community- to do with that), but carefully thought out and out there on the red-brown soil of Sao Paulo- Rabbi H. B, Auerbach, who had paid a VISH planned both in concept and detail. Similar to Halberstadt a short while ago. Morumbi, a steel framework clad with expen­ Reviewing the history of the Community^ schemes in other parts of the world could well sive local materials (concrete, wood, glass, Rabbi Auerbach, inter alia, recalled the signaj follow its layout. The whole complex, long, aluminium, marble and, in the auditorium, services rendered by the financier Bereflo narrow and high, is in three parts. The basic even cork), one may hope that it will preserve Lehmann (1661-1730) with whose help tne building is eight storeys high and on it stand both the name and spirit of Albert Einstein. famous Synagogue (erected 1712) and tn^ two linked towers, one of seven and the other It is most fitting that the brochure of the "Klaus" (Beth Hamidrash) were built, ^ne of ten storeys. Much glass and lots of light! Hospital Committee quotes the following significance of the Community lay in its r^" On the third floor are the examination rooms, challenging words, written by him in 1933 : gious and cultural traditions. From 1°?" on the fourth the laboratories, on the fifth the " History has imposed a hard struggle upon us, onwards, the rabbinical office was held oy operating wing as well as recreation rooms for but so long as we remain devoted servants of four generations of the Auerbach family. the medical staff, and on the seventh-fourteenth truth, justice and freedom, we shall not only Today, the speaker reported, no Jews a'^ floors are the actual rooms for the patients, living in Halberstadt. The cemeteries are !» continue our existence as the most ancient of a good condition and looked after by tne more than 200 in all, mostly so designed that living people, but as before engage in produc­ Federation of Jewish Communities in the Fr<^ an accompanying relative can in case of need tive work which will contribute to the benefit vince of Saxony (Magdeburg) and by tn^ be accommodated with the patient. Where of all mankind." Halberstadt municipality. The Synagogue wa» else in the world is there such magnificent destroyed on November 9, 1938, The " Klaus basic provision ? and the Jewish School have been transformeu This humanely soUcitous experiment is being SYNAGOGUE CONCERTS into factories and residential quarters, . j undertaken here, in this thriving city, the IN LONDON At the end of the meeting it was d^eiaeu industrial centre of this developing country, The Philomusica of London will perform a to found a world-wide organisation of member with ample means, although more money still of the former Community of Halberstadt. "ine series of instrumental concerts for the New newly formed organisation appeals to all Jew needs to be raised, so long as inflation does not London Synagogue, The first two will take from Halberstadt, wherever they may now live- bring it to a halt (as is hoped at present). place before Pesach. Mr. Joseph Horovitz, the to get in touch with them at P.O.B, 290^' Contributions come in from all sectors, begin­ well-known composer and conductor, who is Tel Aviv, Israel. ning with the land itself (which was given by also a member of the synagogue, will conduct members of the Klabin family, wealthy timber the series. Born in Vienna, he came to this country in 1938 at the age of eleven. This was "A LEGACY BY FREUD" and paper industrialists who originally immi­ the first time, as far as he knew, that orchestral grated from Lithuania), endowments, testa­ music would be played by a synagogue in this The name of the author of the article." ^ mentary bequests and small contributions. country, he said. The concerts would conform Legacy by Freud ", published in our previou Arrangements for the raising of funds and the to the highest professional standards and would issue, is Jakob (not Josef) MaitUs, We apoi"" internal organisation of the future hospital are become part of the London musical scene. gise for the error. AJR INFORMATION February, 1965 Page 13 Attaches" to embassies in countries with a NEWS ABOUT ISRAEL large Jewish population. ZIONIST CONGRESS IN JERUSALEM Jewish people; the strengthening of all ARGENTINIAN IMMIGRANTS specific forms of Jewish life, individual, family An Israeli-style entertainment was held in . The opening of the 26th Zionist Congress and community and, most important, the State a Buenos Aires theatre to take leave of 100 in Jerusalem was marked by a dramatic warn­ of Israel as a continuous source of emotional young emigrants who left for Israel. The ing by Dr. Nahum Goldmann, president of the and spiritual strength for Jewry. departure of these members of the Mapam World Zionist Organisation. Addressing more Although Jews may have deserved taking pioneer youth movement, brings the total than 1,000 delegates and observers from all things easy today, after centuries of suffering number of emigrants to Israel from Argentina over the world. Dr. Goldmann said that the and of tragedies, the time for this had not yet during 1964 to 2,500, compared with 6,000 in anonymous process of disintegration and come, declared Dr. Goldmann. 1963, It is estimated that 1,250 emigrants will erosion now affecting the Jewish people posed The 26th Zionist Congress, held in the Jeru­ go to Israel this year. The deterioration in a greater threat to Jewish survival than perse­ salem Convention Centre, was attended by 541 the economic and political situation in cution, pogroms and mass murder. The delegates from 31 countries, 65 representatives Argentina, antisemitism and love for Israel, Zionist movement, he stated, had a prime of Jewish bodies in 26 countries and, for the in that order, are the reasons given by part to play in reversing this trend. In doing first time, 72 representatives of youtb organi­ emigrants for their departure. so " we should not be afraid of losing the sations (including non-Zionists) from 18 specific character of our movement as a countries. ARAB REACTION TO " JEWISH CHAPTER " Zionist movement." The resolutions, passed at the end of the Vatican circles keeping a close watch on The twentieth century was dominated by the Congress included a call to the Soviet Govern­ Arab reactions to the Declaration on the Jews, ever-growing power of the State — by its ment for an amelioration of the position of have expressed satisfaction with two leading interference in the life of every group, by its Soviet Jews and for permitting Soviet Jews to articles which recently appeared in two claim to the total loyalty of its citizens, by join their families in Israel; a call upon world Lebanese newspapers. One of the articles the right which it arrogated to itself in many governments to include the Middle East in deplores the fact that " fears of Zionist countries to deny the necessary facilities to efforts to ease tension; and a call to the exploitation prevented the Arabs from examin­ niinorities, particularly the Jews, to maintain Federal German Government to extend the ing the Declaration's contents with attention ", and develop their own identity. Since the statute of limitations with regard to Nazi since it was " one of the noblest documents of emancipation, the Jewish people had become crimes and to withdraw German scientists contemporary history ". The Catholic Church Part and parcel of the Ufe of the other peoples, from Egypt. deserved to be imitated, not criticised. and with this they had lost the main basis of For the first time in an Egyptian newspaper their separate existence. The great historical SPREAD OF HEBREW LANGUAGE an article has appeared expressing similar task of Zionism in this decisive chapter of its sentiments, history, said Dr. Goldmann, was to make Israel The World Hebrew Union is to intensify its Jewish circles in Rome have pointed out the major instrument for Jewish life every­ efforts to make Hebrew the lingua franca of that this apparent change of attitude in some where and the main guarantor, in a spiritual Jews throughout the world. It was decided at Arab countries follows the December meeting and cultural sense, for the survival of the the annual meeting in Jerusalem to create at Beirut airport between the Pope and Syrian Jewish communities in the world. In this Hebrew Councils in every country with a and Lebanese leaders, and are speculating on task three main forces were available: know­ Jewish population. The conference also urged what assurances the Pope gave on the subject, ledge of the unique history and fate of the the IsraeU Government to appoint "Hebrew —(J,C) Whatever your figure AJ.R. CLUB 57 Eton Avenue, N.W.S whatever the occasion Sunday, 28th February at 4.30 p,m, CONCERT given by JOHANNA METZGER accompanied by PAUL LICHTENSTERN and MARTA FREUDMANN (Piano) FOR CLUB MEMBERS ONLY Space donated by TRADE CUTTERS LIMITED Britannia Works, 25 St, Pancras Way. N,W,1 GRANGE TRAVEL SERVICE LTD. 3 PUMP LANE, HAYES, MIDDLESEX TeL: HAYes 5517-9 Cables: Grange, Hayes, Middx. Under the personal supervision of MR. J. G. J. BARON. M.T A I,. DiRECTOR & GENERAL MANAGER ALV/AYS AT YOUR PERSONAL SERVICE FOR ALL TRAVEL, TOURS, CAR BOOKINGS & INSURANCE, AIR & RAIL TICKETS, HOTEL RESERVATIONS, TRAVELLERS' CHEQUES & FOREIGN CURRENCIES, SIGHTSEEING & EXCURSIONS, THEATRE TICKETS, AGENTS FOR ALL TOUR OPERATORS, TOURS TO ISRAEL A SPECIALITY

H.WOORTMAN&SON CHANGE OF ADDRESS have the foundation 8 Baynes Mews, Hampstead, N.W.S In order to ensure that you get •Phone : HAMpstead 3S74 your copy of " AJR Information " Continental Builder and Decorator regularly, please be sure to inform for you Specialist in Dry Rot Repairs us immediately of any change of ESTIMATES FREE address. Page 14 AJR INFORMATION February, 1965

JEWISH STUDENTS IN BRITAIN OBITUARY Growing Indifference? Mr. Moggy Margolis, emissary of the Jewish DR. WILHELM ADLER After the outbreak of war, he joined the Army Agency's Youth and Hechalutz Department, and served with the Pioneer Corps until he spoke at the 25th annual conference of Bnei Dr. Wilhelm Adler, a well-known former was transferred to the Intelligence Corps. Akiva, held at Towcester, Northamptonshire, dental surgeon, died in London on December After the war he worked for many years in and attended by more than 80 members from a solicitor's office. all parts of the country. At present, said Mr. 10, aged 90 years. Dr. Adler was born at Brieg Margolis, there were between 4,000 and 4,500 (Silesia) and later settled as a dental surgeon In 1952, Dr. Kraft set up his own practice Jewish university students in Britain. About in Berlin where he had a large practice. Among to deal with restitution and compensation 2,000 were members of the Inter-University his patients were representatives of the aca­ claims. All his interests were devoted to this Jewish Federation but not more than 200 to demic world such as the Professors Klemperer, important task and he still worked in this 300 were actively concerned with Jewisn Bonnhofer, Kopsch, the conductor Wilhelm field nine days before he passed away. affairs in their respective universities. What Furtwangler, the Russian Foreign Secretary, would happen in the next ten years when the Chicherin, and many other prominent people. RESEARCH ON PREJUDICE Jewish university population would probably Dr. Adler was not only known for his great reach 12,000? skill as a dental surgeon but also for his The American Jewish Committee has There was a " terrifying prospect" that at eminent human qualities. After his emigration least 50 per cent of the growing number oi to England, he was unfortunately not able launched two programmes in Italy and South America. In Rome, the Leonard M. Sperry Jewish university students will lose all identi­ to practise and headed a committee of fication with Judaism.—(J.C.) unregistered Continental dental practitioners. Centre for Inter-group Co-operation, a joint Catholic-Jewish research centre, has been In spite of all difficulties, he never lost faith in ZANGWILL PLAQUE his adopted country and took part in many established to analyse and combat the roots activities until only a few years ago. His fine of prejudice in religious teachings. It has On January 21, the anniversary of Israel sense of humour, his human understanding and been set up at the International University for Zangwill's birth. Professor OUver Zangwill, son generosity will be remembered by numerous Social Studies, Pro Deo, and will work with of the author, unveiled a plaque on the friends in this country and abroad. the university. An extensive cultural and house in Old Ford Road, London, where he religious community service programme has lived. The plaque was authorised by the has also been organised for the Jews living in London County Council acting on a suggestion MRS. ERNA SONDHEIMER MICHAEL South America. made by the Zangwill Centenary Committee- It records Zangwill's association with tne Mrs. Ema Michael died in New York on CONFERENCE OF EUROPEAN RABBIS building and refers to him as writer ana December 30, 1964. She was the wife of the philanthropist, industriaUst, Jakob Michael and the daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Albert Sondheimer of Frank­ To mark the 70th birthday of the Chief CHRISTMAS HELP Rabbi, Dr. Israel Brodie, the Conference of furt. She took a leading part in the work of A 3,000-strong contingent of members of the the United Jewish Appeal of which she was European Rabbis is to meet in London for the first time in March. Association of Jewish Ex-Service Men ana (from 1955 to 1957) Chairman of the Women's Women, the League of Jewish Women, the Division of Greater New York, and was also In addition to halachic problems and matters conceming the relationship between the Batei Jewish Youth Voluntary Service, Maccabi. actively associated with many other Jewish B'nai B'rith, the J.LB. and other volunteers causes in the U.S.A. and in Israel. Din in Europe and the Western Hemisphere, Judaism in the modem world will be one of helped to staff more than a hundred hospitals the subjects to be discussed at the London in Britain over the Christmas holidays, DR. A. M. KRAFT meeting. The conference will also be attended enabling the nursing and domestic staff '*> by representatives from Commonwealth coun­ have some time off. tries, Israel, the United States and, it is hoped, The lawyer. Dr. Andrew Michael Kraft, died WORLD PEACE SUNDAY on January 2, in his 65th year. He was from Eastern Europe, Greece and Turkey. bom in Posen but left this town as a child to The Conference of European Rabbis was The Chief Rabbi gave his support to World live in Berlin where he later practised as a called into being by Dr. Brodie in 1957, with Peace Sunday, which was observed last year lawyer for six years. When he had to leave membership open to those rabbis " firmly com­ on December 20. The day was set aside by the Germany in 1933, he first went to Switzerland. mitted to uphold and teach the authentic International Peace Society for congregations He came to England in 1937 and took his Judaism of the Torah as interpreted by our of all denominations to offer prayers for the LL.B. at the London School of Economics. rabbis doivn the ages".—(J.C.) establishment of peace throughout the world.

FAMILY EVENTS LADY HOUSEKEEPER, resident, Accommodation Wanted AJR Needlewomen Service required for Home in Golders Entries in the column Family Green for five to seven elderly YOUNG PROFESSIONAL MAN WOMEN available for alterations, Events are free of charge. Texts people. Modern house, central requires comfortable bed-sitting- mending, handicrafts. 'Phone MAI- should be sent in by the 18th of heating, daily help kept. State room with partial board in London, 4449. the month. experience with full particulars. Offers to Mr. A. P. Gummers, 92 Box 514, Queen's Drive, Glasgow, S.2. Personal Birthday DOCTOR'S WIDOW, 49, journalist, Situations Wanted youthful in appearance and out­ Wiener.—Mrs. Hedwig Wiener, nee Miscellaneous look, owner of good home in N.»*- Stern (formerly Offenbach/M.), of Men SUPERFLUOUS HAIR removed London and car, family grown uP 115 The Vale, London, N.W.ll, will HANDYMAN, middle-aged, con­ safely and permanently by experi­ and on their own, desires to meei celebrate her SOth birthday on scientious worker, seeks full- or enced Physiotherapist and Elec- cultured companion (non-Ortho­ February 22. part-time work. Box 509. trologist. Mrs. Dutch, D.R.E., dox), view marriage ; free partner­ R.M,T„ 239 Willesden Lane, N.W.2. ship in old-established, very P'"''^,^ Women 'Phone WILlesden 1849. able business offered to acceptable Death COOK, experienced, elderly, good applicant, if desired; must "? Elkan.—Mrs. Frances Elkan, widow references, seeks part-time work in intelUgent and of kindly disposi­ of Dr, S, Elkan, Muelheim-Ruhr, private household. Box 512. ALTERATIONS WANTED ? tion ; widower no obstacle. ApP'" and dearly loved mother of Mrs, EDUCATED LADY, middle-aged, 'Phone experienced dressmaker for Box 506. Greta Moses, passed away in her versatile, experienced in general best work. HAMpstead 8775. JEWISH VIENNESE. 40. divorced, 86th year on December 28, 1964, at office work, knowledge of French, would like to meet genuine, kino 32 Wolverton Gardens, London, seeks part-time work (not in com­ For Sale gentleman. Box 507. W,6. merce). Box 510. SHOPPING/MESSENGER or fac­ CONTINENTAL FEATHER BED WIDOW, 58. wishes to meet non- tory work done by middle-aged and two large pillows, first-class Orthodox gentleman, age 60-70. ft" CLASSIFIED woman, full- or part-time. Box 511, condition. 'Phone: HAM. 0834, companionship. Golders Green after 6 p.m. area. Box 508. Situations Vacant TEACHER of mentally handi­ capped children and of speech MISSING PERSONS EXPERIENCED BOOKKEEPER therapy can take more pupils. REQUIRED, must be able to run AJR Attendance Service Inquiries by AJR office, accustomed to keep set of Box 513. books, deaUng with correspondence Accommodation Vacant WOMEN available to care for sick Sutton (formerly Susskind).--^J' and working on own initiative. people and invalids, as companions Ken Sutton, born September *- Eric Walters Ltd., Blouse, Skirt PLEASANT BED-SITTING-ROOM, and sitters-in ; full- or part-time ; 1907 and Mr. Herbert Sutton., Manufacturers, 87-89 Willesden h & c w, gas fire, gas ring, N.W.2 non-residential. 'Phone MAIda formerly Susskind, wanted in con­ Lane, London, N.W.6. district. 'Phone GLA. 4641. Vale 4449. nection with a compensation clai"** AJR INFORMATION February, 1965 Page 15 ROUND AND ABOUT POPE MEETS INDIAN JEWS During Pope Paul's visit to India a three- RABBPS CONTROVERSIAL BOOK LIVING IN GERMANY member Jewish delegation was received by A new book by Rabbi Maurice N. Eisendrath, Rabbi H. I. Grunewald, communal rav of him in special audience. Greetings on behalf president of the Union of American Hebrew Munich, in an interview with the Jewish of the 2,000-year-old Jewish community of Congregations (Reform), makes many con­ Chronicle, commented on a statement appear­ India were conveyed to the Pope by Mr. H. troversial points. In "Can Faith Survive", ing in the paper on the fact that Jews still Rabbi Eisendrath says that Jesus, " a true lived in Germany today. There were Jews in Cynowicz, president of the Central Jewish and loyal" Jew, should be welcomed "back Germany today, said the rabbi, who had lived Board of Bombay. In his reply of good wishes into the fold" and that "this Jewish hero" there since their liberation from the concentra­ to the Jewish community of India, the Pope should be " incorporated . . . into our never- tion camps and who no longer had the physical said that their welfare and happiness were too-crowded company of saintly spirits". strength to go abroad. Of the more than matters close to his heart, concluding his state­ Neither Jesus nor his disciples, "devoted 100,000 Jews, broken physically and spiritually, ment with the word " Shalom " repeated three Jews all", had any thought of organising a who lived in camps round Munich after the new religion. Christianity, in Rabbi Eisen- war, 95 per cent had left Germany during the times. drath's view, stems from St. Paul, not Jesus. past 15 years.—(J.C.) Rabbi Eisendrath in his book also declares that intermarriage is inevitable in an open NEW SYNAGOGUE IN WUERZBURG democratic society, advocates proselytisation The municipal council of Wuerzburg is to Birthdays as a means of replenishing the number of Jews, build a new synagogue at an estimated cost of and regrets that religious leaders who believe 350,000 marks. The project, the council stated, DR. ERNST ROSENTHAL 75 in one God, cannot get together to unite the was a " noble gesture and an act of reparation forces of reUgion in attaining world peace.— outside the legal obligations ". The old syna­ Dr. Ernst Rosenthal celebrated his 75th (J.C.) gogue was destroyed by the Nazis in Novem­ birthday on January 19. A nephew of the ber, 1938. A memorial plaque was unveiled founder of the famous Rosenthal-Porzellan CLAIM OF ORTHODOX JEWRY on the site on the anniversary last year. A.G.. he joined that enterprise in 1914 and worked for it in Berlin until 1935, when he Rabbi A, Babad, presiding over a meeting Today there are about 100 Jews, most of emigrated to this country. After the Second held in London of the European executive of them Uving in a home for old people, of the World War he was appointed a member of the the Agudas Israel, stated that Orthodox Jews three thousand Jews who Uved in the town Board of Directors of Lawleys, where he held Would fight " tooth and nail" for adequate in 1933. a responsible position until 1963. He is representation on the Memorial Foundation for COMMUNAL CENTRE IN KREFELD Jewish Culture, the estabUshment of which Managing Director of Rosenthal China Was decided by the Claims Conference last On the seventh Chanukah Day, a new Com­ (London) Ltd., who are the sole agents for year. For one reason or another, said Rabbi munal Centre was consecrated in Krefeld. It Rosenthal-Porzellan A.G. in the United oabad. Orthodox Jews had allowed Dr. Nahum is situated in the Rheinstrasse and wiU serve Kingdom. poldmann to monopolise restitution negotia- both the religious and cultural needs of the uons with Germany, since Orthodox sections small community which comprises 69 members, *ere not keen to participate in such negotia­ as against 800 in 1939 and 1,544 in 1930. A CENTENARIAN tions. This, however, did not imply that they JEWISH YOUTH MEETS Would allow themselves to be discriminated Mrs. Malwine Reichenstein, of 40 Shoot-up gainst in the handling of the new foundation. IN BERLIN Hill, London, N,W,2, celebrated her 100th Whose funds were based mainly on German Members of the youth section of the World birthday on January 24. She was born in money .—(J.C.) Union for Progressive Judaism, from Britain, Prague, where she was married to a lawyer France, Holland and Germany, are to hold a and after her husband's death moved to PERFORMANCE OF CHURCH AND week's conference in Berlin from April 4 to 11. Vienna. She came to this country in 1939, The idea arose from the Union's conference in where her daughter, grandchildren and great­ SYNAGOGUE MUSIC Amsterdam last year, when young German grandchildren also live. Considering her great The North London Council of Christians and Progressive Jews expressed the hope that age, she is remarkably alert We extend to Jews held a programme of Uturgical music young people from other countries would go to her our sincerest birthday wishes. *or Christians and Jews in the Marcus Samuel Germany and discuss problems affecting the ."all of the New Synagogue. The hosts were the Union's youth. After the conference it is WILHELM KLEEMANN 95 local branch of Ajex. The Jewish choir was intended that several of the British delegates "lat of the Hackney Synagogue and the will remain in Berlin for a further week to The former Chairman of the Berlin Jewish ^'n^lstian choir came from the Hackney Free hold a study seminar with the Germans.— Community, Wilhelm Kleemann, recently and Parochial Secondary School. (J.C.) celebrated bis 95th birthday in New York. tering with a Jifference HAVING A PARTY? ^oods ot all nations lor lormal or THE DORICE iniorinal occasions—in vour own home 'THE HOUSE ON THE HILL' or anv venue. 'PHONE MRS. MANDL Continental Cuisine—Licensed Free consultations—please 'ohone Nursery and Kindergarten PAD. 2593 I69o Finchley Road, N.W.S Expert for Cocktail, Tea, Mrs. ILLY LiEBERMAN 5 NETHERHALL GARDENS, N.W.3 Dinner Parties, (MAI. 6301) WEStern 2872 Prospectus from the Principal, HAM. 1662 Small or Large, PARTIES CATERED FOR

SIAAAR HOUSE The Exclusive "THE CONTINENTAL" ROSIMOUNT 9 Church Rood, The private Continental Hotel Salon de Corseterie 17 Parsifal Road, N.W.6 10-12 Herbert Road Southbourne, Bournemouth HAMpstead 5856 fr 8565 BOURNEMOUTH WEST (Bournemouth 48804) THE BOARDING HOUSE WITH CULTURE Mme H. LIEBERG A Home for vou As olways, the House with the Facing sea; 2 comfortable lounges, Elderlv people welcomed home-like atmosphere ond its beautiful gardens, 871 FINCHLEY ROAD. N.W.ll dining-room (seats 30). TV, Central heating, car pork, large CENTRALLY HEATED 'Phone : SPEedwell 8673 Open the whole year garden. DIETS on request Ready-made ond to measure Open oil the year. AJR ^'ithin easv reach of Sea and Town Centr* Mrs, MARGOT SMITH Brochure : "Phone: Westboorne 64176 EXPERT Gr QUALIFIED FITTERS Mr. fr Mrs. H. Schreiber. CHARITABLE TRUST These ore the ways in which you can help : COMFORTABLE HOME Oo you wont comfort and HOUSE ARLET" evening convenience, CONTRIBUTIONS UNDER ^^ St. Gabriel's Road, N.W.2 FOR OLD LADIES First-Class Accommodation CONVENANT ^. . 'Phone : GLA. 4029 room with own bath, excellent Continental "sitors to London are welcomed in mv food, TV. lounge, gardens ? ""luisitelv furnished and cultured Private Moderate Terms Hotel. Mrs. A. WOLFF, GIFTS IN YOUR LIFETIME Central Heating. Garden, TV. 68 Shoof-up Hill, N.W.2 3 Hemstal Rood. N.W.6 Good residential district. A BEQUEST IN YOUR WILL _ MRS, LOTTE SCHWARZ 'Phone : GLA. S8S8 (MAI. 8521) Page 16 AJR INFORMATION February, 1965

two men, who are also leaders of the " Pales­ ARAB LEAGUE ACTIVITIES tine Liberation Organisation". were touring South America in order to " explain" the Arab point of view in the dispute between the FRENCH COMPANIES APPROACHED of the boycott on Anglo-Israeli trade and Arab countries and Israel, and they have ha" added that the exclusion of Israel from the meetings with members of the Argentine Paris newspapers gave piominence to the sphere of activity by the Government-spon­ Govemment, The Zionist statement pointed Arab League's Boycott of Israel Committee's sored Council for Middle East Trade was out that the head of the " Palestine Liberation approach to 25 French companies requesting equally unfair. He hoped that Her Majesty's Organisation" was Ahmed Shukairy who. at p.edges that, they would not trade with Israel Government would reconsider its attitude, the General Assembly of the United Nations or employ Jews. The approach involved two years ago had praised the Argentine neo- General Marie-Pierre Koenig, one of France's SWISS FIRM'S REACTION iNuzi orgariisalion. Tacuara, The Argentine war heroes, who is the president of the representative had protested at Shukairy s Alliance France-Israel, General Koenig com­ A Swiss firm. Ring Hotel Finance Ltd,, has comments.— (J.C.) plained to the French Prime Minister and it is rejected the demands of the Arab League's reported that the matter was also referred to Israel Boycott Offlce in Damascus to give up President de Gaulle, The French Government its dealings with Israel, The company, in was said to be discussing ways to end the partnership with an American firm, has Letter to the Editor Arab boycott methods of blackmail against financed the building of four hotels in Israel, French companies. Arab diplomats in Paris The letter and the firm's reply were published GERMAN-JEWISH ANECDOTES disclaim any connection with the campaign, in the Basle Jewish weekly, Juedischen Wochenschau Maccabi. Sir,—In our former communities and i" BRITISH ATTITUDE The firm writes that its world-wide organi­ many German-Jewish families we used to teU sation is perfectly able to exist without hotels each other anecdotes—often as a kind of corn­ Lord Dnimalbyn. Minister of State at the in the Arab States, but it sees no reason why munity or family tradition—which, in thev^ Board of Trade in the last Government, was co-operation with Arab States should be impos­ way, reflected the history, character "'"' guest of honour at a luncheon given by the sible because of its activities in Israel, The customs of the Jews in Germany. . Anglo-Israel Chamber of Commerce. Giving letter goes on to say that the Swiss company All those who remember such " Moschel- an account of his visit to Israel last April and does not think the Boycott Office would wish chen" are cordially requested to send them of the state of Anglo-Israeli trade. Lord to continue " the bloody tradition of the Ger­ to me. because I am considering publishing " Drumalbyn referred to Israel's request that man Nazi period ", It concludes: " As subjects collection of these stories. the British Govemment should take a firmer of a traditionally neutral nation we have the Yours, etc., stand vis-a-vis the Arab boycott. Since the right to tell you . . , that boycott threats mean RABBI DR. HUGO HAHN. Government would not pay compensation in an injustice which is detrimental solely to the 44 W. 66 Street, the case of loss of trade by blacklisted firms, reputation of the Arab States," New York 23, N.Y. it was up to individual firms to weigh the risks involved and to decide accordingly, he PROPAGANDA IN THE ARGENTINE said, asserting that there was no evidence that NEW K.J.V. CHAIRMAN the Arab boycott was damaging to Israel, The Argentine Zionist Organisation has pub­ Proposing the vote of thanks to Lord lished a statement in the press warning the At the recent General Meeting, Mr, R. J- Drumalbyn. the treasurer. Mr. M. Silverstone. Argentine public of the arrival in Buenos Friedmann was elected Chairman of the K,J.»- expressed his disagreement about the impact Aires of two leaders of the Arab League. The in Great Britain.

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