E MAP R EME M MTRURALROADTRANSPORTA
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e M A P r E M E m M T R U R A L R O A D TRANSPORT AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHANGES Contents 8.1 EDUCATION 8.2 HEALTH SERVICES 8.3 AGRICULTURE 8.3.1 Distribution of inputs 8.3.2 Change in cropping pattern 8.3.3 Cultivation of new land 8 .4 Marketing of agricultural product. 8.5 COTTAGE & VILLAGE INDUSTRIES. 8.6 THE EMPLOYMENT FROM AGRICUTUREAL TRANSPORTATION, COTTAGE & VILLAGE INDUSTRIES, CONSTRUCTION WORKS & SUGAR FACTORIES. 8.6.1 Employment in Agriculture 8.6.2 Employment in construction 8.6.3 Employment in transportation 8.6.4 Employment in cottage & village industries 8.6.5 Employment in Parner taluka Co-operative sugar factory 86 Rahuri taluka Co-op. sugar factory. 8.7 Change in housing 8.8 Change in the standard of living 185 CHAPTER - VIII RURAL ROAD TRANSPORT AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHANGES INTRODUCTION: The Indian transport scene is undergoing a significant change in the sense that from rail dominated transport system during the 1950’s the nation moved to the record dominated system during the last five decades. Thus, the regulating agencies of road transport have to gear up them selves to equip with the knowledge needed to play the new assigned road transport system. Presently road transport caters nearly 85% of passenger’s traffic & 60% of the goods traffic. This fact reveals that in India, it is a road dominated transport system. People spend nearly 10 to 15% of their income on transport services 8& indeed offer food 8s shelter; transport is a major item of expenditure for the people. All these facts indicate the importance of road transport. In this context the role of motor vehicle department 86 the various issues in the administration of transport regulating assumed paramount importance. The following points show the socio- economic changes. 8.1 EDUCATION: - Rural Road affect on education of rural area. Roads are very important factor in development education. In Ahmednagar district roads affect on education. The following table shows the change in literacy in Ahmednagar District and sample talukas i.e. Parner and Rahuri. 186 Table No. 8.1 Literacy In The Year 1990-1991 8s 1999-2000 S r. Ite m 1990-1991 1999-2000 No. Male Fem ale Male Fem ale 1. Ahmednagar District 56.51 29.54 63.31 36.69 2. Parner 53.83 23.83 63.40 36.60 3. Rahuri 56.42 30.37 60.08 39.92 Source: Socio Economic Survey 90-91 & 99-2000 of Ahmednagar District. Conclusion: From table No. 8.1 it is observed that there is change in literary from the year 1990 - 1991 to 1999 - 2000. In Ahmednagar District in case of males 56.51 percent they were literate but in the year 1999 - 2000,63.31 are literate, so 6.8 percent males are more literate in ten years due to increased in No. Of Primary, Secondary, Higher Secondary Schools and college. Also in females in the year 1990 -1991 to 1999 - 2000, there is also change in literacy in the year 1990 - 1991,29.54 percent females were literate but in the year 1999-2000; 36.69 percent are literate so 7.15 percent female’s are literate. In literacy female’s ratio of literacy is more than male. In Parner taluka in the year 1990 -1991,53.83 Percent males were literate but in the year 1990 - 2000 there are 63.40 males are literate, so 9.57 % males are literate and in females in the year 1990 - 1991.23.83 females were literate but in the year 1999-2000, 36.60 % are literate so 12.77 % females are literate. The ratio between male and female females percentage is more than male. In Ahmednagar district the Parner taluka is dry and rain field, so as compared to other talukas the percentage of 187 literacy is more. Their life is on education. So in Ahmednagar district the Parner talukas majority peoples are in Government and Private services. They are qualified and servicing on higher Post. In Rahuri taluka. In the year 1990-1991 56.42 % males were literate but in the yearl999-2000, 60.08 %, so 3.66 % males are literate and in females 30.37 % in the year 1990-1991 and in 1999-2000,39.92 %, so 9.55 % females are literate. The female’s ratio is more than male’s ratio. As compared to two-taluka Parner talukas literacy ratio is more than Rahuri taluka. Rahuri taluka is irrigated so the people have no need of education and less people are in Govt, service and private service. Change in educational schools, teachers and students: It has been observed that in this taluka better transportation prevail children to come to a school even from a long distance. During the course of village surveys many instances came to light in which children from the neighboring villages had enrolled themselves in school in the sample village. In sample talukas Parner and Rahuri there is change in the No. of educational schools, teachers, and students. The following table No. 8.2 shows the clear picture of these. 188 Table No. 8.2 No. Of Primary Schools, Secondary schools In The Year 1990-1991 66 1999-2000 Sr. Sample Schools Teachers S tudents No Taluka 1990- 1999- 1990- 1999- 1990- 1999- 1991 2000 1991 2000 1991 2000 1. P arn er Primary 245 277 845 937 22632 30553 Schools High schools 30 45 650 716 18523 24848 2. R ahuri Primary 164 214 733 866 23708 31597 Schools 25 38 605 713 17505 26180 High School s Source: Socio - Economic survey of Ahmednagar District 1990-91 & 99-2000. Conclusion: From table No. 8.2 it is observed that in Parner taluka in the year 1990-1991 there was 245 primary schools and in the year 1999-2000 there are 277 Prim.ary Schools, so in ten year there is increase in 32 Primary Schools. The Index No. Shows that 13.06 % increase in Primary Schools; also in case of teachers in the year 1990-1991 there were 845 Primary teachers but in the year 1999- 2000there are 937, so 92 teachers are increased 10.08 % more teachers are increased and there is change in No. of students 34.99 percent are increased in the year 1999- 2000 In Parner taluka in the year 1990-1991 there were 30 High schools but in 1999-2000,45 high schools ,15 high schools are more in the ratio of schools. Increased the 50 % High schools. 189 In case of High School teachers in the year 1990-1991 there were 650 teachers but in the year 1999-2000 there are 716. So there are additional 66 teachers in ten years. The ration is 10.15%. In Rahuri taluka in the year 1990-1991 there was 164 primary schools and 214 in 1999-2000, so in ten years 50 more primary schools are started the ratio is 30.48 % increase in primary schools. In case of primary teachers in the year 1990- 1991 there were 733 primary teachers but 866 in the year 1999- 2000. So in ten years 133 more teachers are appointed. So 18.14 % teachers are appointed and in ten years 33.27 % students are increased. In Rahuri taluka in the year 1990-1991 there was 25 high schools but 38 high schools are in the year 1999-2000 so more is high schools are stated by different sanstha’s there ratio of increase is 52 %. In case of High school teachers in the year 1990- 1991 there were 605 teachers but 713 teachers are in 1999-2000. So in ten year 108 teachers are appointed in different high schools, 17.85 % increase in teachers No’s, and in ten years 49.55 % increase in students of high school. 8.2 HEALTH SERVICES: - In Ahmednagar district there is lack of doctors. There is lack of medical facilities. As compared to population of two talukas the No.of doctors is less. In Parner taluka there are 7 primary health centers & 43 sub centers & only 16 doctors & 50 nurses and in Rahuri taluka there are 6 primary Health centers & 40 sub centers. There are only 14 doctors 8& 48 nurses. According to 1990 census the total population of Parner taluka is 2,14,064 & in Rahuri taluka 1,98,842 comparatively the ratio of primary health center & population is 13,379 for one doctor & in Rahuri taluka 14,203 populations have one doctor. In total Ahmednagar district 190 88 primary centers were there & only 280 doctors. Under such conditions villages, which how better connected by road transport, have been in fact, drawn nearer to medical assistance. Prior to the development of roads & road transport distant medical facilities were ignored to the villagers, the reason being that too much time was spent in coming 86 going to the hospital & in waiting there, which the villager could, ill affords, specially in the busy season. But after the introduction of motor transport. The villagers have the journey involved is higher time consuming, expensive & uncomfortable as before. In Parner 86 Rahuri taluka Places all medical facilities is available but in sample villages only 21.74% facility of Primary health centers and 30.44% hospitals facility is available, in Parner and Rahuri taluka there are 135 and 90 private doctor in Parner 8& Rahuri. The following table shows the relationship between availability of motor transport 86 theme of hospital facilities by the people in the two sample talukas of Ahmednagar District. 191 Table No.8.3 Relationship Area over which P a tie n t No.