SID '09 Preview / Honors and Awards Issue

April 2009 Vol. 25, No. 04

Official Monthly Publication of the Society for Information Display • www.informationdisplay.org

• 2009 SID Honors and Awards • SID Symposium Highlights • Laser-Based Techniques for FPDs • Journal of the SID April Contents symposium preview

Display Week 2009 Symposium Preview

Plan your visit to Display Week 2009 with an advance look at the key trends and issues that will be highlighted in the symposium’s far-ranging collection of display-technology sessions. by Jenny Donelan

THIRTEEN SUBCOMMITTEES have is very new and promising,” says Kim. “This Applications: Color Comes Closer to chosen the papers to be presented at the technology affects not only thin-film-transis- e-Paper Society for Information Display’s Interna- tor liquid-crystal displays (TFT-LCDs), but Display applications are where the rubber tional Symposium at Display Week 2009 also active-matrix organic light-emitting- meets the road – where the technology goes in San Antonio this June. From exciting diode (AMOLED) displays – future flat-panel into real products and customer problems are new discoveries to cutting-edge research to displays.” One of the papers focusing on that solved. This year, the hot session topics ingenious manufacturing solutions, these topic will be “Development of a Driver- include 3-D displays, LED backlights, and papers will disclose results and ideas from Integrated Panel Using Amorphous In-Ga-Zn- low-power solutions such as e-paper. “The top researchers from the international Oxide TFTs” by Takeshi Osada from the 3-D application session will include unique electronic-display industry. Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co. implementations that relate to the evolving The following is a list of session highlights Osada’s design team created a 4-in. quarter- 3-D stereo field,” says committee member by subcommittee, which includes active- video graphics array (qVGA) liquid-crystal Adi Abileah, Chief Scientist at Planar matrix devices, applications, applied vision, panel integrated with a gate driver and a Systems. Among those papers are “An display electronics, display manufacturing, source driver by using bottom-gate bottom- Autostereoscopic 3-D Display Using Tunable display measurement, display systems, emis- contact (BGBC) TFTs made from an oxide Liquid-Crystal Lens Array that Mimics sive displays, field-emission displays, liquid- semiconductor. They then prototyped the Effects of a GRIN Lenticular-Lens Array” by crystal technology, OLEDs, and projectors. liquid-crystal panel and integrated the gate Paul C.-P. Chao from National Chiao Tung The thirteenth subcommittee, new this year, is driver and source driver on the panel. University, and “VCMaster3D: A New flexible displays. For flexible-display high- Kim notes that although this is not the first Fourier Optics Viewing-Angle Instrument for lights, see the article “Flexible Displays Come time that the above technology has been Characterization of Autostereoscopic 3-D Into Their Own at Display Week 2009” that presented – there have been papers at IMID Displays” by Pierre Boher from ELDIM. The appeared in the March issue of Information (International Meeting on Information first paper discusses tunable liquid-crystal Display magazine. Display) and ITC (International Thin-Film lenticular lenses that are unique in structure, Transistor Conference) – SID ’09 will repre- says Abileah. The second is about a cono- Active-Matrix Devices: Can Oxide sent the largest and most exciting confluence scopic camera specific to autostereo displays. Thin Films Substitute for Silicon? of such papers. “The angular resolution is very high, and it The biggest news by far in the Display Week Other papers of interest include: includes features that allow the characteriza- 2009 active-matrix sessions, according to • “A Novel Driving Method for Cost- tion of viewing freedom range, stereo con- subcommittee chair Hyun Jae Kim, Associate Competitive a-Si TFT-LCDs” by trast, stereo luminance, and more.” Professor with the School of Electrical and Su-Hwan Moon from LG Display In terms of low-power solution topics, the Electronic Engineering at Yonsei University discusses the application of six-times- recent releases of new e-paper products has in Seoul, Korea, will be the use of oxide- rate driving (SRD) to a TFT-LCD. led to a related and growing question: how semiconductor technology as a replacement • “A Novel Low-Power-Consumption All- soon can electrophoretic technology be for silicon-semiconductor technology. “This Digital System-on-Glass Display with adapted to full color? Come to the session Serial Interface” by Kenji Harada from and see for yourself. Jenny Donelan is the Managing Editor of Toshiba explains how designers achieved The paper that attempts to answer that Information Display Magazine. She can be a power consumption of 15 µW in a question is: “Development of e-Paper Color reached at [email protected]. 2.26-in. format. Display Technologies” by Alex Henzen of

14 Information Display 4/09 0362-0972/04/2009-014$1.00 + .00 © SID 2009 iRex Technologies, an invited paper that gration of components in the display module Display Manufacturing this year. This issue is addresses the possibility of going beyond the (to improve form factor and reduce cost and especially relevant to LCDs: smarter manu- gray-scale reproduction to which elec- power) is driving the development of efficient facturing techniques will only bolster this trophorectic layers are now limited. “The electronics systems.” A related trend, he technology’s dominance, according to Drzaic. final goal,” according to the paper’s abstract, notes, is the idea that a display is no longer Other papers of interest include: “must be a color image that challenges the just a panel. “To reach the high image qual- • “Fabrication of a 26-in. PVA LCD Panel performance of a color photograph.” ity, low power, and attractive form factor of by Using a Laser Ablation Process” by today’s displays,” says Klompenhouwer, “it Yonghwan Shin from Samsung Electronics Applied Vision: Optimizing Wide- is just as important to develop innovative Co., Ltd., (in collaboration with Nakan Color Gamut signal processing, interfaces, and driving Corp.) describes how the team replaced a According to Applied Vision Chair Helge technologies.” six-step process with a single laser-abla- Seetzen, Director for HDR Technology at Other papers of interest include: tion step to pattern ITO in a TFT panel. BrightSide Technologies, the Applied Vision • “Low Overhead Clock-Shared Differen- • “FPD Repair System Using Electrostatic subcommittee addresses a unique segment of tial Signaling (CSDS): An Efficient Droplet Technology” by Hyungjin Lee the display industry, both in terms of technol- Interface for Large-Sized TFT-LCDs” by from LG Electronics explores the use of ogy and timing. The committee tends to Nyuntae Kim from Samsung Electronics electrohydrodynamic jet technology as a review papers on physical devices that are Co., Ltd., and “A Reduced Voltage reliable means of repairing the black already in the marketplace – with topics that Differential Signaling (RVDS) Interface matrix in a TFT panel. include common applications as well as new for Chip-on-Glass TFT-LCD Applica- trends. “We also have studies from R&D labs tions” by Jung Pil Lim also from Sam- Display Measurement: A New that are working extremely far forward,” says sung Electronics Co., Ltd. Says Klom- Standard for Metrology Seetzen. It is uncommon, he notes, to receive penhouwer: “These two papers mark the In terms of quantity and quality, this was one a paper representing untried applications. ongoing development of efficient inter- of the best years ever for submissions to The Applied Vision focus this year, he faces (high bandwidth, low power, mini- Display Measurement, according to sub- notes, seems to be white color gamut. Last mal wires) to cope with the high committee chair Stephen Atwood, Principle year’s conference featured numerous papers demands in current display modules, Engineer, Azonix Corp. The biggest news in across multiple sub-committees that were such as high resolution, thin form factor, this area is the creation of the Display Metrol- devoted to building wide-color-gamut dis- and low power.” ogy Standard (DMS) by SID’s International plays. What the APV committee is seeing • “Advanced Local Dimming and Scan- Committee for Display Metrology (ICDM). now, he says, are papers on how to optimize ning LED-Backlight Driving System Members of that committee have spent count- those displays. One such paper in particular is Using a Novel Driver IC” by Kyoung-Uk less hours over the past few years, working on “Evaluation of Gamut-Expansion Algorithms Cho from Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., the altruistic and far-sighted goal of creating a for Wide-Gamut Displays” by Dr. Masato and “Color Optimization Model for common language for display measurements Sakurai of Sony Corp. High-Dynamic-Range LCDs with RGB that can be used by anyone involved with A forward-looking topic that is showing up Color Backlights” by Yi-Ling Chen from displays. “It’s like Linux for metrology,” says this year is interactivity. “It’s not just about National Chiao Tung University are Atwood. For more about the DMS and the making a display that works well,” says examples of the idea that a display is ICDM’s dedicated session at Display Week, Seetzen, “it’s what can we do with it in terms more than a panel, requiring advanced see “ICDM Special Session: A Visionary of interaction with a touch screen or using it signal processing that is also fully inte- Standard “ in the March 2009 issue of Infor- in more varied environments. “ grated with the display. mation Display magazine. Other interesting papers include: • Two invited papers, “Key Requirements Another type of vision is the subject of a • “Human Vision in Complex Environments” for High-Quality Frame-Rate Conver- paper by Toni Järvenpää from Nokia Research by Mary Hayhoe from the University of sion” by Claus Nico Cordes from NXP Center, “Advances in Near-to-Eye Display Texas at Austin, an invited paper in the Semiconductors and “A Consideration on Optical Characterization,” takes an advance session on Image-Quality Evaluation. Motion-Image-Quality Improvement of look at measuring displays that are not widely LCD-TVs” by Taiichiro Kurita from in use yet. Special glasses or head-up Display Electronics: A Display is More NHK Science & Technical Research displays will help users more comfortably Than a Panel Laboratories, provide an overview of the view movies and other content on the tiny A trend with regard to established display current status of motion artifacts in LCD screens of portable media. “It’s hard to watch technologies, according to Display Electronics TVs. a movie on your iPod,” says Atwood, “but Chair Michiel A. Klompenhouwer, Senior you can put on these ‘projector’ glasses and Research Scientist with the Video Processing Display Manufacturing: Cost- plug them into your iPod and now you have a Group at Philips Research Laboratories, “is Effectiveness Is Key bigger, virtual image.” What Järvenpää has that innovations are shifting to electronics As SID President Paul Drzaic explains in this done, Atwood explains, is to find methods to (driving and signal processing) rather than month’s President’s Corner, new approaches characterize these near-to-eye virtual displays device physics, and also that the ongoing inte- to reducing costs are a hot topic for papers in – to apply as much practical metrology as

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possible to an area in which human factors have been scheduled for release in 3-D representatives from both companies will be and ergonomics will figure greatly. throughout 2009 – is it only a matter of time presenting papers in the display systems Other papers of interest include: before 3-D shows up in home televisions as sessions. Samsung’s Sang Soo Kim will be • “Comparison of Motion-Blur Measure- well? Researchers and designers are betting describing a full-HD 240-Hz TFT-LCD in a ment Methods” by Andrew Watson from on it. In fact, 3-D is one of the most exciting paper titled “World’s First 240-Hz TFT-LCD the NASA Ames Research Center and developments in Display Systems, according for Full-HD LCD TV and Its Application to “Advanced Display Motion-Induced to Subcommittee Chair Brian Schowengerdt 3-D Displays.” That LCD demonstrates twice Color-Distortion Analysis Methods” by of the University of Washington’s College of the speed of a unit the company presented last Jongseo Lee from Samsung Electronics Engineering. Key to the development of 3-D year, Schowengerdt notes. Daiichi Suzuki Co., Ltd., both address the measurement televisions is high-speed LCDs that are opti- from Toshiba will present an earlier-stage of motion blur. Atwood describes the mized for 3-D use. technology based on time-sequential optically removal of motion blur as “one of the “One of the ways to create 3-D images is to compensated bend (OCB) LCDs that are fundamental challenges to the LCD- flash the right and left images of a stereo- “even faster but not as close to commercial- panel industry. Having solid methods to scopic pair back and forth sequentially over ization,” he says. That paper is “Crosstalk- characterize the phenomena and quantify time,” says Schowengerdt. “Historically, it’s Free 3-D Displays with Time-Sequential the improvements will be critical.” been difficult to do this well with flat-screen OCB-LCDs.” displays because the 3-D mode effectively Other papers of interest include: Display Systems: 3-D TVs Get Closer halves the refresh rate.” LCDs have just not • “Eco-Display High-Optical-Throughput to Home been fast enough. But both Samsung and Color-Filterless Field-Sequential LCDs” Now that 3-D has come to movie theaters in a Toshiba have developed new ways to increase by Han-Ping D. Shieh and “Two-Color big way – approximately 30 “A-list” pictures the speed of LCDs, notes Schowengerdt, and Field-Sequential Method for Color-

2009 Display Week Schedule at a Glance — Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center

Sunday MondayTuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday TIMETABLE Course Sem Bus Symp Exh Inv App Symp Exh Symp Exh Symp 7:30 AM - 8:00 AM 8:00 AM - 8:30 AM SID Bus Mtg 8:30 AM - 9:00 AM Seminar 9:00 AM - 9:30 AM Welcome & Oral Oral 1 - 3 Oral Papers 9:30 AM - 10:00 AM Keynote Addresses 21-27 Papers Papers 10:00 AM - 10:30 AM 38-43 58-64

10:30 AM - 11:00 AM Business Oral Oral Seminar Conference Oral Oral Papers 11:00 AM - 11:30 AM Investors App Papers Papers 4 - 6 28-32

S1 & S2 Papers 11:30 AM - 12:00 PM Conf. Tutorials 44-50 65-69 3-8 12:00 PM - 12:30 PM Short Course Bus. A1-A2 SID Auth. Int. 12:30 PM - 1:00 PM Conf. Lunch Luncheon & Exhibits Open Investors 1:00 PM - 1:30 PM Lunch App DYA Lunch 1:30 PM - 2:00 PM Tutorials Awards Oral Seminar 2:00 PM - 2:30 PM Oral A3-A4 Papers 7 - 9

2:30 PM - 3:00 PM Papers Break Exhibits Open 51-57 3:00 PM - 3:30 PM 9-14 App Auth. Int. 3:30 PM - 4:00 PM

Exhibits Open Tutorials Oral A5-A6 4:00 PM - 4:30 PM Seminar Business Oral Papers Conference Papers 15- 10 - 12 33-37 20

Investors Conference Poster 4:30 PM - 5:00 PM S3 & S4 Papers 5:00 PM - 5:30 PM Short Course Auth. Int. Auth. Int. . 5:30 PM - 6:00 PM . Inv. Bus. Recept 6:00 PM - 6:30 PM Recept 6:30 PM - 7:00 PM 7:00 PM - 7:30 PM 7:30 PM - 8:00 PM 8:00 PM - 8:30 PM 8:30 PM - 9:00 PM Awards 9:00 PM - 9:30 PM Banquet 9:30 PM - 10:00 PM

16 Information Display 4/09 Filter-Free MVA-LCDs” by Yi Ru usual explanations are (1) the FED panels resolution, power consumption, cost, LED Cheng, a professor and student, respec- have a reliability problem or (2) the FED backlights, and touch applications. “We have tively, from National Chiao Tung panels have a brightness-uniformity problem.” also noticed the emergence of other passive University in Taiwan, address color- “So far not all of the players have officially display technologies,” says Bahadur. “There filterless LCDs with lower power con- withdrawn from pursuing the FED effort; they are many papers on electrowetting, electro- sumption and diminished color break-up. are hoping and waiting for a breakthrough phoretic, and other passive displays. A rec- • “1-mm-Diameter Full-color Scanning invention to happen,” Chen continues. In ommended paper in this area is ‘Transmissive Fiber Pico Projector” by Brian the meantime, researchers are trying to find Electrowetting-Based Displays for Portable Schowengerdt from the University of new applications for FEDs, including back- Multi-Media Devices’ by Andrea Giraldo Washington discusses a miniature projec- light units for LCD panels and consumer from Liquavista BV.” Another overall trend tor that is 1 mm in diameter and 9 mm in lighting because in these applications the to note, according to Bahadur, is the continu- length and can project full-color images requirements for brightness uniformity and ing “greening” of LCDs. “Newer displays at 500 × 500 pixels. longevity are not so critical as for TVs. consume less power and their manufacturing This situation puts FEDs in a tough spot uses less materials and processes, which indi- Emissive Displays: Creating More- with regard to cutting-edge papers but never- rectly reduce the emission of green-house Efficient Plasma theless there are some good ones this year, gases. LCDs can reduce paper and, hence, Improving plasma-display panel (PDP) effi- notes Chen. One is “Improvements of Color tree consumption significantly and can be ciency – partly by increasing xenon-gas con- CNT-FED Character Displays” by Hiroyuki used again and again. They are also effective tent – is one of the trends that Subcommittee Kurachi from Noritake Co., which presents a in educating people in poor countries or Chair Gerrit Oversluizen from Philips CNT-FED used in a character-display device. remote places.” Research Laboratories says he is noticing in “This paper discusses the improvements of the Other notable papers include: the area of emissive displays. There has also higher pixel density and lower power usage of • “An Over-500-Hz Frame-Rate-Drivable been “much attention given to the protective the new design,” says Chen. “This is one of PSS-LCD: Its Basic Performance” by layer in PDPs,” he says. In general, research the very few successful FED products on the Norio Koshida from Nano Loa, Inc. efforts seem to be directed at lowering the market.” • “Fast-Switching Flexoelectric Display cost of production while increasing perfor- Other papers of interest include: Device with High Contrast” by Flynn mance. Oversluizen notes that there were no • A 7-in. Field-Emission Backlight-Unit Castles, a student at the University of large-size commercial panel-improvement Assembly Using TiO2-Coated Spacer for Cambridge, describes how a flexo- contributions from the industry this year. LCD Panels” by Jian-Min Jeng from electro-optic effect provides a fast- Other papers of interest include: Tatung University describes “a charge switching mechanism suitable for use in • “Address Discharge Characteristics of leakage coating on a CNT backlight field-sequential-color full-motion-video High-Luminous-Efficacy PDP with SrO unit’s spacers to eliminate the discharge displays. Protecting Layer” by Hae Yoon Jung arcing problem in CNT backlight units,” from Seoul National University describes says Chen. OLEDs: Advances in Manufacturing, how researchers, in their words, • “ Enhanced Electron Emission of Improvements in Performance “achieved low voltage driving and Carbon-Nanotube Emitters with Post- If from a research curve standpoint, OLED high luminous efficacy by applying Growth Treatment” by Kyu Chang discoveries are flattening out somewhat – SrO protecting layer in PDPs.” Park from Kyung Hee University “This year we feel that OLED is a maturing • “Control of Temperature Dependency of discusses a new resist-assisted patterning technology,” says Subcommittee Chair Denis Exo-Electron Emission Behavior for (RAP) process to improve a CNT Kondakov from Eastman Kodak Co. – key MgO Film of ACPDPs” by Yong Seog emitter’s emission controllability and advances continue to be made. “We are see- Kim from Hongik University is an uniformity. ing steady improvement in the important per- invited paper recommended by the formance characteristics rather than sporadic chair. Liquid-Crystal Technology: Incremental breakthroughs,” he says. And, in manufactur- Rather than Evolutionary Improvements ing, there is still much to be done before Field-Emission Displays: Advances in “LCDs have achieved maturity in perfor- OLED-based products – especially larger ones Non-TV Areas mance and price and established themselves – hit the market in a big way and fulfill their “Four or five years ago, every major display as the benchmark for all other displays.” says potential as a contender to LCD (see this company had a large R&D program pursuing Chair Birendra Bahadur of Rockwell Collins. month’s “President’s Corner”). Both “Multi- a field-emission-display (FED) color-TV “Most of the current LCD improvements are nozzle Printing: A Cost-Effective Process for project,” says SID Fellow Jim Chen. Several incremental and not evolutionary. Fast OLED-Display Fabrication” by Reid Chester- major manufacturers demonstrated large, switching, cholesteric, flexible and mobile field from Dupont Displays and “Large-Area beautiful displays based on this technology. displays, optical films, and 3-D seem to be the Color-Patterning Technology for AMOLEDs” But the majority of these programs have gone hottest topics in LCDs.” Further improve- by Min Chul Suh from Samsung SDI Co., quiet. Although no one nor any company has ments, he continues, are also happening in Ltd., discuss manufacturing techniques for officially claimed a reason, Chen says, “the viewing angle, response time, color gamut, OLED displays.

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Other papers of interest include: Projection Displays: Picos Generate become a large category vs. a novelty type • “AMOLED Displays Using Transfer- Plenty of Interest device.” Printed ICs” by John Hamer from “There is a great deal of activity and new Key areas with regard to picos, he contin- Eastman Kodak Co. describes how development in pico projectors,” says Edward ues, include (a) development of an afford- active-matrix OLED (AMOLED) dis- English from REE Optical Systems, Chair of able, mass-produceable green laser, (b) small, plays were fabricated using backplanes the Projection Displays subcommittee. “This fast field-sequential microdisplay devices, with transfer-printed microscale- is a very active area; there have been several and (c) effective thermal and power manage- silicon integrated circuits in place of big announcements and a lot of press about ment. “There is also a great deal of commer- conventional thin-film transistors these devices. It is a nascent product group, cial activity – new product launches – (TFTs). with some uncertainty about whether it will for small, so-called companion or pocket

2009 Display Week Symposium at a Glance — Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center

Times Ballroom C1 Ballroom C2 Ballroom C3 Room 214A/B Room 214C/D Room 217A/B Room 217C/D Times 8:00 – 10:20 SID Business Meeting and Keynote Session (Ballroom C) 8:00 – 10:20 7 8 4 5 10:50 – 3 6 Plasma-Display Efficacy Front-Projection 10:50 – AMOLEDs I Flexible-Display Emerging Display Systems Tuesday, June 2 Thursday, June 4 Friday, June 5 Friday, Field-Emission Displays Thursday, June 4 and Tuesday, June 2 12:10 Components Applications 12:10 Cell Design

10 9 11 12 13 Flexible-Display 14 2:00 – 3:20 AMOLEDs II 3-D Field-Emission Plasma-Display 2:00 – 3:20 Manufacturing Pico Projectors Applications Applications Driving (Joint with Manufacturing) Tuesday, June 2

16 17 18 19 20 15 3:40 – 5:00 Flexible Active-Matrix Understanding Visual Field-Sequential Phosphors Solid-State Projection 3:40 – 5:00 Oxide TFTs I Backplanes Display Artifacts Color Light Sources

5:00 – 6:00 Author Interviews (Exhibit Hall D) 5:00 – 6:00

24 25 26 27 22 23 9:00 – 10:20 Display Measurement Autostereoscopic Plasma-Display Driver-IC 9:00 – 10:20 21 Cholesteric LCDs OLED Devices I Methods and Standards Displays Protective Layers Technology Oxide TFTs II Wednesday, June 3

28 Special Session 31 32 10:40 – 29 30 10:40 – System-on-Glass Focus: Advance TV and Touch-Panel 12:00 Mobile Displays OLED Devices II 12:00 AMLCDs The ICDM 3-D Displays Electronics 2:00 – 3:30 Designated Exhibit Time (Exhibit Hall C) 2:00 – 3:30 36 37 33 34 35 Characterization of Novel Displays Novel Active-Matrix Novel Display

Wednesday, June 3 3:30 – 4:50 3:30 – 4:50 OLED Devices III Display Systems and Devices Technologies Components 5:00 – 6:00 Author Interviews (Exhibit Hall D) 5:00 – 6:00

40 42 38 OLED Manufacturing 41 43 39 Display 9:00 – 10:20 Touch-Screen (Joint with Stereoscopic Projection Backlight Driving: 9:00 – 10:20 Fast Response I Manufacturing: Active-Matrix Displays Manufacturing) (Joint with Projection) Color Processing Processes

50 49 44 46 47 48 Backlight Driving: 10:40 – 45 Display 10:40 – Organic TFTs OLED Image-Quality Slim High-Dynamic-Range Fast Response II Manufacturing: 12:00 Mechanisms Evaluation LCD TVs Processing 12:00 Patterning

57 53 54 56 Video Processing Thursday, June 4 55 51 52 Display Manufacturing: 1:30 – 2:50 AMOLED 3-D LED Backlights and 1:30 – 2:50 E-Paper LC Alignment Interconnects and Displays (Joint with Applications) Motion Fidelity Metalizations 3:00 – 4:00 Author Interviews (Exhibit Hall D) 3:00 – 4:00 4:00 – 7:00 Poster Session (Exhibit Hall D) 4:00 – 7:00

58 63 59 60 61 62 64 Emerging Display 9:00 – 10:20 Active-Matrix Optical Films for White OLEDs Image-Quality RGBW Color Interface 9:00 – 10:20 Manufacturing: Technologies LCDs Modelling (Joint with Electronics) Technologies OLEDs (Joint with Active Matrix)

66 65 68 69 10:40 – Novel LC 67 10:40 – Flexible Novel Backlights Display Manufacturing: 12:00 Materials and Color 12:00 Friday, June 5 AMOLEDs Substrates Effects 12:00 – 1:00 Author Interviews (Exhibit Hall D) 12:00 – 1:00

TECHNOLOGY TRACKS KEY Active Matrix Applications Applied Vision Electronics Emissive FEDs Flexible Displays Liquid Crystal Manufacturing Measurement OLEDs Projection Systems

18 Information Display 4/09 projectors in the 100–200-lm ~50-W range.” Important papers, says English, include “LCOS Devices for Professional Projection Displays” by Andre Van Calster from Ghent University, which reviews the development of LCOS microdisplay devices. In “High Con- From flat panel displays to x-ray sensors trast in Bright Ambients with Angle-Shifting Front-Projection Screen,” Baku Katagiri from Tohoku University will describe “a high- contrast screen that works well in bright, ambient environments using an angle-shifting structure,” according to English. And Jan Drumm of OSRAM will present advances in creating a compact RGB laser module that is suitable for pico-projector applications in “Compact RGB Laser Module for Embedded Laser Projection.” Other papers of interest include: • “White-Point Calibration of Color- few understand Sequential Mobile Projector” by Yongchan Keh from Samsung Electron- photolithography ics Co., Ltd., presents an analysis of how LED binning and optical tolerances affect the white-point calibration for like we do projectors. • “Perceived Brightness of LED Projec- It’s based on a thorough knowledge of because of additional circuitry. Feature tors,” a paper from Tsung-Hsun Yang, applications and how to achieve low cost sizes are down to 1.5 μm, overlay accuracy a student from the National Central of ownership for precision lithography, is <± 0.4 μm. University in Taiwan, presents “a nice whether on rigid glass, flexible, or analytical derivation of why we might roll-to-roll substrates. For FEDs, photolithography generates precise holes in the cathode plate in which perceive an LED-illuminated projector as For amorphous-silicon AMLCDs, thin-film emitters are fabricated. Hole diameters brighter than a UHP-lamp-illuminated transistor backplanes are produced on range from 0.8 to 1 μm, emitter heights projector,” says English. glass substrates, with feature sizes down to from 3 to 5 μm. 3 to 5 μm and overlay accuracy of ± 1 μm. Some Necessary Inspiration For X-ray sensors, as many as 10 mask From new flexible displays to the Display LTPS TFT-LCDs, used for PDAs and mobile layers or more with 2 μm CDs are required Measurements Standard to 3-D TVs, the smartphones, require more mask layers to produce highly uniform large area sensors. An accurate photolithographic Symposium sessions are proof that great process with precision stitching and discoveries and advances in display technol- Amorphous-silicon AMLCD backplane showing transistor and clear aperture locations. Azores’ repeatable exposure dosages is critical ogy have not stopped just because we are in a high-resolution steppers enable compressed to generate high yields. very tough economy. The Symposium is an circuitry for better display resolution excellent place to learn about new manufac- and depth of color. Visit us online today, and see what turing processes and materials that might decades of photolithography give your business the edge it needs. Come development can do for your get inspired at Display Week 2009. ■ demanding application.

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