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The American People A01_NASH0008_08_SE_FM.indd Page 1 2/5/16 11:58 AM s-w-149 /205/PH02203/9780134170008_NASH/NASH_CREATING_A_NATION_AND_A_SOCIETY8_SE_97801341 ... THE AMERICAN PEOPLE Creating a Nation and a Society Volume 1 To 1877 EIGHTH EDITION RESALE Gary B. Nash Julie Roy Jeffrey University of California, Los Angeles Goucher College GENERAL EDITOR GENERAL EDITOR John R. Howe Allan M. Winkler University of MinnesotaFOR Miami University Allen F. Davis Charlene Mires Temple University Rutgers University—Camden Peter J. Frederick Carla Gardina Pestana NOTWabash College Miami University Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York City San Francisco Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montréal Toronto Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo A01_NASH0008_08_SE_FM.indd Page 2 2/5/16 11:58 AM s-w-149 /205/PH02203/9780134170008_NASH/NASH_CREATING_A_NATION_AND_A_SOCIETY8_SE_97801341 ... Editor-in-Chief: Ashley Dodge Managing Editor: Amber Mackey Program Manager: Carly Czech Production Managing Editor: Denise Forlow Production Project Manager: Manuel Echevarria Editorial Assistant (Program Support): Casseia Lewis Senior Marketing Coordinator: Susan Osterlitz Editorial Project Manager: Doug Bell, Lumina Datamatics, Inc. Development Editor: Jeffrey L. Goldings Asset Development Project Management: LearningMate Solutions, Ltd. Senior Operations Supervisor: Mary Fischer Operations Specialist: Mary Ann Gloriande Associate Director of Design: Blair Brown Interior Design: Kathryn Foot Cover Director: Maria Lange Cover Project Manager: Lumina Datamatics, Inc. Cover Image: Everett Historical/Shutterstock Full-Service Project Management and Composition: Jogender Taneja, iEnergizer Aptara®, Ltd. Printer/Binder: RR Donnelley/Willard Cover Printer: Phoenix Color/Hagerstown Acknowledgements of third party content appear on page C-1, which constitutes an extension of this copyright page. Copyright © 2017, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. This digital publication is protected by copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise except as authorized for use under the product subscription through which this digital application is accessed. For information regarding permissions, request forms and the appropriate contacts within the Pearson Education Global Rights & Permissions department, please visit www.pearsoned.com/permissions/. RESALE PEARSON and ALWAYS LEARNING are exclusive trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries owned by Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. Unless otherwise indicated herein, any third-party trademarks that may appear in this work are the property of their respective owners and any references to third-party trademarks, logos or other trade dress are for demon- strative or descriptive purposes only. Such references are not intended to imply any sponsorship, endorsement, authorization, or promotion of Pearson’s products by the owners of such marks, or any relationship between the owner and Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates, authors, licensees, or distributors. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Nash, Gary B., editor. Title: The American people : creating a nationFOR and a society / Gary B. Nash University of California, Los Angeles, general editor; John R. Howe, University of Minnesota; Allen F. Davis, Temple University; Peter J. Frederick, Wabash College; Julie Roy Jeffrey, Goucher College; Allan M. Winkler, Miami University; Charlene Mires, Rutgers University-Camden; Carla Gardina Pestana, Miami University. Description: Eighth edition. | Boston : Pearson, 2017. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2016001411 | ISBN 9780134170008 (v.1) Subjects: LCSH: United States—History. Classification: NOTLCC E178.1 .A49355 2017 | DDC 973—dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2016001411 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Volume 1 Student Edition ISBN 10: 0-13-417000-8 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-417000-8 A01_NASH0008_08_SE_FM.indd Page 3 2/5/16 11:58 AM s-w-149 /205/PH02203/9780134170008_NASH/NASH_CREATING_A_NATION_AND_A_SOCIETY8_SE_97801341 ... Brief Contents 1 Ancient America and Africa 1 8 Currents of Change in the Northeast and the Old Northwest 201 2 Europeans and Africans Reach the Americas 19 9 Slavery and the Old South 226 3 Colonizing a Continent in the 10 Shaping America in the Seventeenth Century 40 Antebellum Age 252 4 The Maturing of Colonial Society 73 11 Moving West 281 5 Bursting the Bonds of Empire 104 12 The Union in Peril 306 6 A People in Revolution 130 13 The Civil War 330 7 Creating a Nation 166 14 The Union Reconstructed 355 RESALE FOR NOT iii A01_NASH0008_08_SE_FM.indd Page 4 2/5/16 11:58 AM s-w-149 RESALE /205/PH02203/9780134170008_NASH/NASH_CREATING_A_NATION_AND_A_SOCIETY8_SE_97801341 ... FOR NOT A01_NASH0008_08_SE_FM.indd Page 5 2/5/16 11:58 AM s-w-149 /205/PH02203/9780134170008_NASH/NASH_CREATING_A_NATION_AND_A_SOCIETY8_SE_97801341 ... Contents Preface xiii 3 Colonizing a Continent in the About the Authors xix Seventeenth Century 40 1 Ancient America and Africa 1 3.1: The Chesapeake Tobacco Coast 42 1.1: The Peoples of America Before Columbus 2 3.1.1: Jamestown, Sot Weed, and Indentured Servants 42 1.1.1: Migration to the Americas 2 1.1.2: Hunters, Farmers, and Environmental Factors 3 3.1.2: Expansion and Indian War 44 1.1.3: Mesoamerican Empires 4 3.1.3: Proprietary Maryland 44 1.1.4: Regional North American Cultures 5 Recovering the Past: Houses 45 Recovering the Past: Archaeological Artifacts 7 3.1.4: Daily Life on the Chesapeake 46 1.1.5: The Iroquois 8 3.1.5: Bacon’s Rebellion Engulfs Virginia 46 1.1.6: Contrasting Worldviews 8 3.2: Massachusetts and Its Offspring 48 1.2: Africa on the Eve of Contact 10 3.2.1: Puritanism in England 48 1.2.1: The Kingdoms of Central and West Africa 10 3.2.2: Plymouth Plantation 49 1.2.2: African Slavery 13 3.2.3: New Englanders and Indians 51 1.2.3: The African Ethos 13 3.2.4: The Web of Village Life 52 1.3: Europe on the Eve of Invading the Americas 14 3.2.5: King Philip’s War in New England 54 1.3.1: The “Rebirth” of Europe 14 3.2.6: Slavery in New England 55 1.3.2: The New Monarchies and the Expansionist 3.3: From the St. Lawrence to the Hudson 56 Impulse 16 3.3.1: France’s America 56 1.4: Conclusion: The Approach of a New Global Age 17 3.3.2: England Challenges the Dutch 56 Questions for Review and Reflection 17 RESALE 3.4: Proprietary Carolina: A Restoration Reward 57 Key Terms 18 3.4.1: The Indian Debacle 58 3.4.2: Early Carolina Society 59 2 Europeans and Africans Reach 3.4.3: The Southern Transition to Slave Labor 59 the Americas 19 3.4.4: The System of Bondage 60 2.1: Breaching the Atlantic 20 3.5: The Quakers’ Peaceable Kingdom 61 2.1.1: The Columbian Voyages 21 3.5.1: The Early Friends 61 2.1.2: Religious Conflict During the Era of 3.5.2: Early Quaker Designs 62 Reconnaissance 21 3.5.3: Pacifism in a Militant World: Quakers 2.2: The Spanish Conquest of America FOR23 and Indians 63 2.2.1: Caribbean Experiments 24 3.5.4: Building the Peaceable Kingdom 64 2.2.2: The Conquistadors’ Onslaught at 3.5.5: The Limits of Perfectionism 64 Tenochtitlán 25 3.6: New Spain’s Northern Frontier 64 2.2.3: The Great Dying 25 3.6.1: Popé’s Revolt 64 2.2.4: The Columbian Exchange 26 3.6.2: Decline of Florida’s Missions 66 2.2.5: Silver, Sugar, and Their Consequences 28 3.7: An Era of Instability 66 2.2.6: Spain’s Northern Frontier 29 3.7.1: Organizing the Empire 66 2.3: England Looks West 30 3.7.2: The Glorious Revolution in North America 67 2.3.1: ENOTngland Challenges Spain 30 3.7.3: The Social Basis of Politics 68 Recovering the Past: Representations 3.7.4: Witchcraft in Salem 69 of Native America 31 3.8: Conclusion: The Achievement of New Societies 70 2.3.2: The Westward Fever 33 Questions for Review and Reflection 72 2.3.3: Anticipating North America 34 Key Terms 72 2.4: African Bondage 35 2.4.1: The Slave Trade 36 4 The Maturing of Colonial Society 73 2.5: Conclusion: Converging Worlds 37 4.1: The North: A Land of Family Farms 75 Questions for Review and Reflection 39 4.1.1: Northern Agricultural Society 75 Key Terms 39 v A01_NASH0008_08_SE_FM.indd Page 6 2/5/16 11:58 AM s-w-149 /205/PH02203/9780134170008_NASH/NASH_CREATING_A_NATION_AND_A_SOCIETY8_SE_97801341 ... vi Contents 4.1.2: Unfree Labor 76 5.3.3: The Role of Urban People 119 4.1.3: Changing Values 77 5.3.4: The Final Rupture 120 4.1.4: Women and the Family in the Northern 5.3.5: Thomas Paine’s Common Sense 120 Colonies 78 5.4: Severing the Colonial Bonds 121 4.2: The Plantation South 79 5.4.1: Declaring Independence 121 4.2.1: Southern Economic Change 79 5.4.2: Congress and the Articles of 4.2.2: Southern Plantation Society 80 Confederation 122 4.2.3: The Backcountry 80 5.4.3: Mobilizing the People 123 4.2.4: Enslaved Africans in the Southern 5.4.4: A Republican Ideology 124 Colonies 81 5.4.5: Forming New Governments 125 4.2.5: Resistance and Rebellion 82 5.4.6: Different Paths to the Republican Goal 126 4.2.6: Black Religion and Family 83 5.4.7: Women and the Limits of Republican 4.3: Contending for a Continent 84 Citizenship 127 4.3.1: France’s Inland Empire 84 5.5: Conclusion: Coming of Revolution 128 4.3.2: A Generation of War 86 Questions for Review and Reflection 129 Key Terms 129 4.3.3: Spain’s Frail North American Grip 87 4.3.4: Cultural and Ecological Changes Among 6 A People in Revolution
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