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2014 National History Bowl National Championships Round #5

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2014 National History Bowl National Championships Round #5 2014 National History Bowl National Championships Round 5 First Quarter 5 1. In a Good Friday address directed to E.L. Barr, this man defended his "militant nonviolence" and public fasting. Philip Vera Cruz resigned from the organization he founded after this man met with Ferdinand Marcos. The Teamsters were hired to disrupt a strike by this man's union in Salinas. With Dolores Huerta, he organized a five-year boycott of California grapes. For 10 points, name this influential leader of the United Farm Workers. ANSWER: Cesar Chavez 121-13-94-05101 2. This leader met with Charles Haughey five years before reaching an agreement with Garret FitzGerald. Constant use of the phrase "There is no alternative" led to this person receiving the nickname "Tina." This person often referred to her childhood lessons on economizing as the daughter of a grocer and worked as a research chemist who helped to invent soft-serve ice cream before entering politics. For 10 points, name this U.K. prime minister throughout the 1980s who was nicknamed the "Iron Lady." ANSWER: Margaret Hilda Thatcher [or Margaret Hilda Roberts] 023-13-94-05102 3. George Washington's nephew, Bushrod Washington, earned this office during the Adams presidency. Thomas Johnson succeeded John Rutledge in this office when Rutledge resigned it after eighteen months. Samuel Chase was impeached while holding this office. An 1801 act attempted to reduce the number of holders of this office to five people, and amended the 1789 Judiciary Act creating this office. For 10 points, name this office whose members serve life terms on the highest court in the U.S. ANSWER: Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States [do not accept or prompt on "Chief Justice"] 190-13-94-05103 4. The "Wrath of the Serfs" museum exhibit was created to justify this action. The Battle of Chamdo paved the way for this action. This action was affirmed by the Seventeen Point Agreement, which was signed by the losing side's delegate Ngabo. Uprising Day commemorates a revolt against this action in 1959, when Tenzin Gyatso went into exile. For 10 points, identify this 1950-51 incorporation by the new Communist regime of a region home to the Dalai Lama. ANSWER: Chinese annexation of Tibet [or anything indicating the Chinese takeover of Tibet, etc.; or the Chinese invasion of Tibet] 020-13-94-05104 2014 National History Bowl National Championships 5 Page 1 of 11 5. Izola Curry attempted to assassinate this man. He was wire-tapped by the FBI due to his close contacts with Communist Stanley Levison. This man called the U.S. the "greater purveyor of violence in the world today" in a controversial speech titled "Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence." During his Poor People's Campaign, this man was shot while advocating for striking Memphis sanitation workers. For 10 points, name this leader of the SCLC who gave the "I Have a Dream" speech. ANSWER: Martin Luther King, Jr. 190-13-94-05105 6. Although the terms of this treaty were undone a year later, it was not mutually renounced until the Treaty of Rapallo. This treaty was agreed to after one of the negotiators was forced to abandon his stance of "neither war nor peace." The harsh terms of this treaty were devised by Max Hoffmann. A separate treaty was signed with Ukraine, which was given up in this treaty along with claims to Finland and Poland. For 10 points, name this 1918 treaty that ended Soviet participation in World War I. ANSWER: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 023-13-94-05106 7. Rene Emilio Ponce (pon-SAY) was accused of ordering the murder of six members of this profession during the Salvadoran Civil War in 1989. Prior to founding the Lavalas movement and becoming president of Haiti, Jean-Bertrand Aristide (ah-riss-TEED) served as one of these people. A member of this occupation preached Liberation Theology and was assassinated by a death squad. For 10 points, Oscar Romero held what position, the duties for which he was performing when he was assassinated during mass? ANSWER: Roman Catholic priests 030-13-94-05107 8. The Haldane Mission failed to end this event, which caused a "scare" that popularized the slogan "We want eight and we won't wait." Its causes include the "risk theory" and adherence to the "Two Power Standard." Intensified by the reforms of Jackie Fisher and the Tirpitz Plan, this event led to increased tensions right before World War I with the introduction of the Dreadnought. For 10 points, name this competition between England and Germany to build their fleets. ANSWER: the Anglo-German Naval Arms Race [or descriptive equivalents] 080-13-94-05108 9. This man was mocked for saying he received a letter from William Marcy as he "sat down to take a hasty plate of soup." He issued the order to execute the traitorous members of the Saint Patrick's Battalion. This general developed the Anaconda Plan during the Civil War and had earlier successfully conquered Mexico City in the Mexican-American War. For 10 points, name this general and Whig politician known as "Old Fuss and Feathers." ANSWER: Winfield Scott 052-13-94-05109 10. This woman's death was solely opposed by Edward la Zouche, but was blamed on William Davison. The Rough Wooing targeted her for marriage. The Earl of Bothwell married this woman and probably murdered her second husband at Kirk O'Field. This wife to Lord Darnley and Francis II abdicated after the Battle of Carberry Hill and was replaced by her son, James VI. She was implicated in the Babington Plot, jailed for eighteen years, and executed. For 10 points, name this cousin of Elizabeth I. ANSWER: Mary, Queen of Scots [or Mary Stuart; or Mary I of Scotland; prompt on Mary; prompt on Mary I; do not accept or prompt on "Bloody Mary" or "Mary Tudor"] 190-13-94-05110 2014 National History Bowl National Championships 5 Page 2 of 11 2014 National History Bowl National Championships Round 5 Second Quarter 1. This was the surname of Ralph, a Marxist historian attacked by the Daily Mail as "the Man who Hated Britain." A politician with this surname, who defeated his brother David for leadership, often asks about the "cost of living" crisis and backs an energy freeze in his six turns in Prime Minister's Questions to David Cameron. For 10 points, give this surname of Ed, the Opposition and Labour Party Leader in the British House of Commons. ANSWER: Miliband BONUS: What surname of the Earl of Derby, leader of the "Who? Who? Ministry" and namesake of the capital of the Falkland Islands, was shared by a 1938 pair of brothers, who were the last to simultaneously sit in the Cabinet before the Milibands? ANSWER: Stanley 153-13-94-05101 2. The ancestor of this dynasty was conceived when his father stepped into a footprint. Though it's not the Tang (TONG), Empress Wu declared herself a member of this dynasty. King Wu began this dynasty with his victory at the Battle of Muye. The Mandate of Heaven was first invoked by this dynasty, which was ruled by the Ji family. It is the longest-ruling dynasty in Chinese history. For 10 points, name this dynasty during which the Confucian classics were written, which succeeded the Shang. ANSWER: Zhou Dynasty BONUS: Between 1046 and 367 BCE, the capital of the Zhou Dynasty was located at which city in modern-day Henan, which was once known as Chengzhou? ANSWER: Luoyang 190-13-94-05102 3. This man's headquarters on Lake Biwa was Azuchi, and he destroyed the Enryaku-ji monasteries of the Tendai Buddhist sect. This man made Yoshiaki shogun before deposing him, and he promoted the spread of Christianity as a means of checking the power of Buddhist temples. He committed suicide after being wounded by Mitsuhide (mit-soo-HEE-day), and his death was avenged by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. For 10 points, name this warrior who overthrew the Ashikaga shogunate and began unifying Japan. ANSWER: Oda Nobunaga [or Nobunaga Oda; or Kichihoshi; or Saburo] BONUS: Oda Nobunaga was a member of what class of landholding Japanese aristocrats? ANSWER: daimyo 030-13-94-05103 2014 National History Bowl National Championships 5 Page 3 of 11 4. Storage places for this resource include Siloam's tunnel in Jerusalem. In ancient Nubia, this resource was obtained using the sakia, an ancestor of the noria. Near the Great Granary, a bitumen-lined great pit at Mohenjo-Daro displayed this resource. Egyptians employed vertical measuring sticks and wheels to use it best during a hundred-day period each year. For 10 points, name this resource whose abundance in a yearly cycle scheduled farming on the Nile. ANSWER: fresh water BONUS: Like Mohenjo-Daro, what other ancient city of the Pakistani Punjab also contains relics of baths, as well as what may be the oldest preserved writing and evidence of the domestication of the chicken? ANSWER: Harappa 104-13-94-05104 5. This thinker helped inaugurate the Romantic emphasis on subjective feeling in the autobiographical Reveries of a Solitary Walker and a posthumously published account of incidents such as stealing a ribbon, Confessions. He declared that "Man is born free, yet everywhere he is in chains" at the beginning of a political treatise arguing that societies are formed around the "general will." For 10 points, name this French thinker who wrote The Social Contract. ANSWER: Jean-Jacques Rousseau BONUS: What Rousseau book focusing on education challenged conventional ideas about children and was burned in Geneva and Paris for its dismissive remarks on religion? ANSWER: Emile 014-13-94-05105 6.
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