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Méthodologie Expérimentale Pour La Détermination Des Limites D'emploi

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Méthodologie Expérimentale Pour La Détermination Des Limites D'emploi Méthodologie expérimentale pour la détermination des limites d’emploi des équipements de protection individuelle des sapeurs-pompiers - Application à la lutte contre le feu par des essais sur l’Homme en conditions opérationnelles Francis Jacques To cite this version: Francis Jacques. Méthodologie expérimentale pour la détermination des limites d’emploi des équipements de protection individuelle des sapeurs-pompiers - Application à la lutte contre le feu par des essais sur l’Homme en conditions opérationnelles. Sciences de l’environnement. Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2008. Français. NNT : 2008EMSE0020. tel-00786261 HAL Id: tel-00786261 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00786261 Submitted on 8 Feb 2013 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. N° d’ordre : 485 SGE THESE présentée par Francis JACQUES Pour obtenir le grade de Docteur de l’Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne Spécialité : Science et Génie de l’Environnement Méthodologie expérimentale pour la détermination des limites d’emploi des équipements de protection individuelle des sapeurs- pompiers – Application à la lutte contre le feu par des essais sur l’Homme en conditions opérationnelles Soutenue à Alès le 24 juin 2008 Membres du jury P. GALLICE Professeur, Université Aix-Marseille 2 Rapporteur J. VIRET Professeur, Université Montpellier I Rapporteur D.GRAILLOT Professeur, Ecole des Mines de Saint Etienne Examinateur G. SAVOUREY Médecin en chef, HDR, CRSSA Examinateur G. DUSSERRE Maître de recherche, Directeur de thèse Ecole des Mines d’Alès A. BONY-DANDRIEUX Maître-assistant, Ecole des Mines d’Alès Encadrant D. PARISSE Colonel, Chef d’Etat Major de la Invité Brigade de sapeurs-pompiers de Paris - 1 - Spécialités doctorales : Responsables : SCIENCES ET GENIE DES MATERIAUX J. DRIVER Directeur de recherche – Centre SMS MECANIQUE ET INGENIERIE A. VAUTRIN Professeur – Centre SMS GENIE DES PROCEDES G. THOMAS Professeur – Centre SPIN SCIENCES DE LA TERRE B. GUY Maitre de recherche – Centre SPIN SCIENCES ET GENIE DE L’ENVIRONNEMENT J. BOURGOIS Professeur – Centre SITE MATHEMATIQUES APPLIQUEES E. TOUBOUL Ingénieur – Centre G2I INFORMATIQUE O. BOISSIER Professeur – Centre G2I IMAGE, VISION, SIGNAL JC. PINOLI Professeur – Centre CIS GENIE INDUSTRIEL P. BURLAT Professeur – Centre G2I MICROELECTRONIQUE Ph. COLLOT Professeur – Centre CMP Enseignants-chercheurs et chercheurs autorisés à diriger des thèses de doctorat (titulaires d’un doctorat d’Etat ou d’une HDR) AVRIL Stéphane MA Mécanique & Ingénierie CIS BATTON-HUBERT Mireille MA Sciences & Génie de l’Environnement SITE BENABEN Patrick PR 2 Sciences & Génie des Matériaux SMS BERNACHE-ASSOLANT Didier PR 1 Génie des Procédés CIS BIGOT Jean-Pierre MR Génie des Procédés SPIN BILAL Essaïd DR Sciences de la Terre SPIN BOISSIER Olivier PR 2 Informatique G2I BOUCHER Xavier MA Génie Industriel G2I BOUDAREL Marie-Reine MA Sciences de l’inform. & com. DF BOURGOIS Jacques PR 1 Sciences & Génie de l’Environnement SITE BRODHAG Christian MR Sciences & Génie de l’Environnement SITE BURLAT Patrick PR 2 Génie industriel G2I CARRARO Laurent PR 1 Mathématiques Appliquées G2I COLLOT Philippe PR 1 Microélectronique CMP COURNIL Michel PR 1 Génie des Procédés SPIN DAUZERE-PERES Stéphane PR 1 Génie industriel CMP DARRIEULAT Michel ICM Sciences & Génie des Matériaux SMS DECHOMETS Roland PR 1 Sciences & Génie de l’Environnement SITE DESRAYAUD Christophe MA Mécanique & Ingénierie SMS DELAFOSSE David PR 2 Sciences & Génie des Matériaux SMS DOLGUI Alexandre PR 1 Génie Industriel G2I DRAPIER Sylvain PR 2 Mécanique & Ingénierie CIS DRIVER Julian DR Sciences & Génie des Matériaux SMS FOREST Bernard PR 1 Sciences & Génie des Matériaux CIS FORMISYN Pascal PR 1 Sciences & Génie de l’Environnement SITE FORTUNIER Roland PR 1 Sciences & Génie des Matériaux CMP FRACZKIEWICZ Anna MR Sciences & Génie des Matériaux SMS GARCIA Daniel CR Génie des Procédés SPIN GIRARDOT Jean-Jacques MR Informatique G2I GOEURIOT Dominique MR Sciences & Génie des Matériaux SMS GOEURIOT Patrice MR Sciences & Génie des Matériaux SMS GRAILLOT Didier DR Sciences & Génie de l’Environnement SITE GROSSEAU Philippe MR Génie des Procédés SPIN GRUY Frédéric MR Génie des Procédés SPIN GUILHOT Bernard DR Génie des Procédés CIS GUY Bernard MR Sciences de la Terre SPIN GUYONNET René DR Génie des Procédés SPIN HERRI Jean-Michel PR 2 Génie des Procédés SPIN KLÖCKER Helmut MR Sciences & Génie des Matériaux SMS LAFOREST Valérie CR Sciences & Génie de l’Environnement SITE LI Jean-Michel EC (CCI MP) Microélectronique CMP LONDICHE Henry MR Sciences & Génie de l’Environnement SITE MOLIMARD Jérôme MA Sciences & Génie des Matériaux SMS MONTHEILLET Frank DR 1 CNRS Sciences & Génie des Matériaux SMS PERIER-CAMBY Laurent PR1 Génie des Procédés SPIN PIJOLAT Christophe PR 1 Génie des Procédés SPIN PIJOLAT Michèle PR 1 Génie des Procédés SPIN PINOLI Jean-Charles PR 1 Image, Vision, Signal CIS STOLARZ Jacques CR Sciences & Génie des Matériaux SMS SZAFNICKI Konrad CR Sciences de la Terre SITE THOMAS Gérard PR 1 Génie des Procédés SPIN VALDIVIESO François MA Sciences & Génie des Matériaux SMS VAUTRIN Alain PR 1 Mécanique & Ingénierie SMS VIRICELLE Jean-Paul MR Génie des procédés SPIN WOLSKI Krzysztof CR Sciences & Génie des Matériaux SMS XIE Xiaolan PR 1 Génie industriel CIS Glossaire : Centres : PR 1 Professeur 1ère catégorie SMS Sciences des Matériaux et des Structures PR 2 Professeur 2ème catégorie SPIN Sciences des Processus Industriels et Naturels MA(MDC)Maître assistant SITE Sciences Information et Technologies pour l’Environnement DR (DR1) Directeur de recherche G2I Génie Industriel et Informatique Ing. Ingénieur CMP Centre de Microélectronique de Provence MR(DR2) Maître de recherche CIS Centre Ingénierie et Santé CR Chargé de recherche EC Enseignant-chercheur ICM Ingénieur en chef des mines - 1 - Remerciements J’adresse tous mes remerciements au Général Richard LEFEVRE, commandant la Brigade de sapeurs-pompiers de Paris de 1998 à 2001 et au Général PRIEUR, actuel commandant la Brigade pour avoir contribué au bon déroulement de cette thèse. J’exprime toute ma reconnaissance à Monsieur le Professeur Didier GRAILLOT pour m’avoir fait l’honneur de présider ce jury, à Messieurs les Professeurs Jean VIRET et Philippe GALLICE pour avoir accepté de juger ce travail en tant que rapporteur, ainsi qu’au Médecin-chef Gustave SAVOUREY et au Colonel Dominique PARISSE les membres du jury. Je tiens à exprimer toute ma gratitude à Monsieur Gilles DUSSERRE, pour avoir assuré la direction de ce travail, et pour avoir mis à ma disposition tous les moyens nécessaires à la réalisation de cette thèse. J’exprime également ma reconnaissance particulière à Madame Aurélia BONY, pour son avis éclairé et ses compétences scientifiques qui ont constitué un appui constant dans l’encadrement de ce travail. Je tiens aussi à remercier tout particulièrement Monsieur Bernard WARME- JANVILLE du Centre d’Etudes du Bouchet, le Colonel Patrick FIEVET, le Commandant Claude CHELINGUE de la Brigade de sapeurs-pompiers de Paris et à Monsieur René DOSNE qui ont activement contribué à la réussite de ce travail. Je remercie chaleureusement l’ensemble de l’équipe risques industriels et naturels et mes amis de la Brigade pour leur bonne humeur et leur écoute. Enfin, je termine par une pensée spéciale pour mon épouse, Nicole, et mes enfants Coralie et Stéphane, qui m’aident et me supportent depuis longtemps avec énormément de tendresse. La sécurité du sapeur-pompier en intervention et notamment lors de l’extinction du feu étant plus que jamais d’actualité, cette thèse s’est inscrite dans la démarche globale menée par la Brigade de sapeurs-pompiers de Paris afin d’améliorer le niveau de maitrise de la sécurité du porte lance dans sa mission de lutte contre les incendies en milieu semi clos. A cet effet, je tiens à remercier tous les sapeurs- pompiers de Paris qui ont participé de près ou de loin à la réalisation de ce travail et tout particulièrement ceux qui se sont prêtés aux essais sur l’Homme. 2 SOMMAIRE LISTE DES FIGURES ................................................................................................ 2 LISTE DES TABLEAUX............................................................................................. 2 LEXIQUE .................................................................................................................... 2 INTRODUCTION GÉNÉRALE ................................................................................... 2 CHAPITRE 1. LES RISQUES ET LES ÉQUIPEMENTS DE PROTECTION LIÉS AUX INTERVENTIONS DE LUTTE CONTRE L’INCENDIE ...................................... 2 1.1. L’activité opérationnelle des pompiers en France et les dangers du métier de sapeur-pompier ............ 2 1.2. Les équipements de protection individuelle (EPI) ....................................................................................... 2 CHAPITRE 2. CARACTÉRISTIQUES DES ÉQUIPEMENTS DE PROTECTION INDIVIDUELLE ..........................................................................................................
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