Transparent System Introspection in Support of Analyzing Stealthy Malware
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When Is a Microprocessor Not a Microprocessor? the Industrial Construction of Semiconductor Innovation I
Ross Bassett When is a Microprocessor not a Microprocessor? The Industrial Construction of Semiconductor Innovation I In the early 1990s an integrated circuit first made in 1969 and thus ante dating by two years the chip typically seen as the first microprocessor (Intel's 4004), became a microprocessor for the first time. The stimulus for this piece ofindustrial alchemy was a patent fight. A microprocessor patent had been issued to Texas Instruments, and companies faced with patent infringement lawsuits were looking for prior art with which to challenge it. 2 This old integrated circuit, but new microprocessor, was the ALl, designed by Lee Boysel and used in computers built by his start-up, Four-Phase Systems, established in 1968. In its 1990s reincarnation a demonstration system was built showing that the ALI could have oper ated according to the classic microprocessor model, with ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), and I/O (Input/ Output) forming a basic computer. The operative words here are could have, for it was never used in that configuration during its normal life time. Instead it was used as one-third of a 24-bit CPU (Central Processing Unit) for a series ofcomputers built by Four-Phase.3 Examining the ALl through the lenses of the history of technology and business history puts Intel's microprocessor work into a different per spective. The differences between Four-Phase's and Intel's work were industrially constructed; they owed much to the different industries each saw itselfin.4 While putting a substantial part ofa central processing unit on a chip was not a discrete invention for Four-Phase or the computer industry, it was in the semiconductor industry. -
SAS Enters the Mainstream Although Adoption of Serial Attached SCSI
SAS enters the mainstream By the InfoStor staff http://www.infostor.com/articles/article_display.cfm?Section=ARTCL&C=Newst&ARTICLE_ID=295373&KEYWORDS=Adaptec&p=23 Although adoption of Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) is still in the infancy stages, the next 12 months bode well for proponents of the relatively new disk drive/array interface. For example, in a recent InfoStor QuickVote reader poll, 27% of the respondents said SAS will account for the majority of their disk drive purchases over the next year, although Serial ATA (SATA) topped the list with 37% of the respondents, followed by Fibre Channel with 32%. Only 4% of the poll respondents cited the aging parallel SCSI interface (see figure). However, surveys of InfoStor’s readers are skewed by the fact that almost half of our readers are in the channel (primarily VARs and systems/storage integrators), and the channel moves faster than end users in terms of adopting (or at least kicking the tires on) new technologies such as serial interfaces. Click here to enlarge image To get a more accurate view of the pace of adoption of serial interfaces such as SAS, consider market research predictions from firms such as Gartner and International Data Corp. (IDC). Yet even in those firms’ predictions, SAS is coming on surprisingly strong, mostly at the expense of its parallel SCSI predecessor. For example, Gartner predicts SAS disk drives will account for 16.4% of all multi-user drive shipments this year and will garner almost 45% of the overall market in 2009 (see figure on p. 18). -
Engineering Specifications
DOC NO : Rev. Issued Date : 2020/10/08 V1.0 SOLID STATE STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 司 Revised Date : ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS Product Name: CVB-CDXXX (WT) Model CVB-CD128 CVB-CD256 CVB-CD512 CVB-CD1024 Author: Ken Liao DOC NO : Rev. Issued Date : 2020/10/08 V1.0 SOLID STATE STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 司 Revised Date : Version History Date 0.1 Draft 2020/07/20 1.0 First release 2020/10/08 DOC NO : Rev. Issued Date : 2020/10/08 V1.0 SOLID STATE STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 司 Revised Date : Copyright 2020 SOLID STATE STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION Disclaimer The information in this document is subject to change without prior notice in order to improve reliability, design, and function and does not represent a commitment on the part of the manufacturer. In no event will the manufacturer be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the product or documentation, even if advised of the possibility of such damages. This document contains proprietary information protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this datasheet may be reproduced by any mechanical, electronic, or other means in any form without prior written permission of SOLID STATE STORAGE Technology Corporation. DOC NO : Rev. Issued Date : 2020/10/08 V1.0 SOLID STATE STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 司 Revised Date : Table of Contents 1 Introduction ....................................................................... 5 1.1 Overview ............................................................................................. -
Dell EMC Poweredge RAID Controller S140 User’S Guide Notes, Cautions, and Warnings
Dell EMC PowerEdge RAID Controller S140 User’s Guide Notes, cautions, and warnings NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product. CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem. WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death. © 2018 - 2019 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners. 2019 - 12 Rev. A09 Contents 1 Overview..................................................................................................................................... 6 PERC S140 specifications.....................................................................................................................................................6 Supported operating systems..............................................................................................................................................8 Supported PowerEdge systems.......................................................................................................................................... 9 Supported physical disks...................................................................................................................................................... 9 Management applications for the PERC S140................................................................................................................ -
Datasheet (PDF)
DOC NO : Rev. Issued Date : 2020/10/07 V1.0 SOLID STATE STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 司 Revised Date : ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS Product Name: CVB-8DXXX-WT Model CVB-8D128- WT CVB-8D256 - WT CVB-8D512- WT CVB-8D1024 - WT Author: Ken Liao DOC NO : Rev. Issued Date : 2020/10/07 V1.0 SOLID STATE STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 司 Revised Date : Version History Date 0.1 Draft 2020/03/30 1.0 First release 2020/10/07 DOC NO : Rev. Issued Date : 2020/10/07 V1.0 SOLID STATE STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 司 Revised Date : Copyright 2020 SOLID STATE STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION Disclaimer The information in this document is subject to change without prior notice in order to improve reliability, design, and function and does not represent a commitment on the part of the manufacturer. In no event will the manufacturer be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the product or documentation, even if advised of the possibility of such damages. This document contains proprietary information protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this datasheet may be reproduced by any mechanical, electronic, or other means in any form without prior written permission of SOLID STATE STORAGE Technology Corporation. DOC NO : Rev. Issued Date : 2020/10/07 V1.0 SOLID STATE STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 司 Revised Date : Table of Contents 1 Introduction ....................................................................... 5 1.1 Overview ............................................................................................. -
(February 2 , 2015) If You Know Someone Who You Think Would
(February 2nd, 2015) If you know someone who you think would benefit from being an Insider, feel free to forward this PDF to them so they can sign up here. Quick Tips for our Insider friends! Hey Insiders, It’s the 100th newsletter!! I’ve been producing these newsletters since March 2011 – wow! To celebrate this milestone, I’ve put together some cool stuff for you: A Pluralsight giveaway. The first 100 people to respond to the newsletter email asking for a Pluralsight code will get 30-days of access to all 120+ hours of SQLskills online training for free. No catches, no credit cards. Go! My top-ten books of all time as well as my regular book review 100 SQL Server (and career) hints, tips, and tricks from the SQLskills team in my Paul’s Ponderings section. And the usual demo video, by me for a change. This newsletter is *looooong* this time! Grab a cup of coffee and settle in for a great ride. We’ve done eleven remote and in-person user group presentations this year already, to a combined audience of more than 1,100 people in the SQL community, and Glenn’s presenting remotely in Israel as this newsletter is hitting your inbox. Go community! I recently won the “Person You’d Most Like to be Mentored By” community award in the annual Redgate Tribal Awards. Thanks! To celebrate, I’m offering to mentor 3 men and 3 women through March and April. See this post for how to enter to be considered. I made it to the fantastic Living Computer Museum in Seattle over the weekend, which has a ton of cool old computers, many from DEC where I worked before Microsoft. -
3.5-Inch, SAS 15K Enterprise Hard Disk Drives MAX3036RC • MAX3073RC • MAX3147RC
Storage High performance and high capacity for your mission critical storage applications. 3.5-Inch, SAS 15K Enterprise Hard Disk Drives MAX3036RC • MAX3073RC • MAX3147RC State-of-the-art hard disk drives for your most demanding enterprise applications 3.5-inch RoHS compliant enterprise hard disk drives offer 15K RPM spindle speed and feature storage capacities up to 147GB1 Ideal for applications requiring high performance and high bandwidth Native Command Queuing (NCQ), providing faster execution of operation commands Uses smaller connectors and cables than U320, a benefit acknowledged by the SCSI Trade Association (STA) Point-to-point connection allows for improved input-output per second (IOPS) in proportion to the number of drives connected 1 One gigabyte (GB) = one billion bytes; accessible capacity will be less and actual capacity depends on the operating environment and formatting. 3.5-Inch, SAS 15K Enterprise Hard Disk Drives MAX3036RC • MAX3073RC • MAX3147RC 3.5-Inch, SAS 15K RPM Series Hard Disk Drive Specifications With more than 35 years of experience in hard disk Description MAX3036RC MAX3073RC MAX3147RC drive technology, Fujitsu can offer state-of-the-art Functional Specifications hard disk drives for your most demanding enterprise Storage capacity (formatted)1 36.7 GB 73.5 GB 147.0 GB applications. Our latest SAS offering is another Disks 1 2 4 Heads (read/write) 2 4 8 example, building on our market leadership in the Bytes/sector 512 Seek time Track to track Read: 0.2 ms (typ.) / Write: 0.4 ms (typ.) exploding SAS market. Average Read: 3.3 ms (typ) / Write: 3.8 ms (typ) The availability of this latest SAS offering Full track Read: 8.0 ms (typ) / Write: 9.0 ms (typ) Average latency time 2.00 ms solidifies Fujitsu as the SAS leader for all form factors Rotational speed (RPM) 15,000 in the enterprise market, reflecting a determination Areal density 59 Gbits/sq. -
Run-Time Detection of Protocol Bugs in Storage I/O Device Drivers Domenico Cotroneo, Luigi De Simone, Roberto Natella
1 Run-Time Detection of Protocol Bugs in Storage I/O Device Drivers Domenico Cotroneo, Luigi De Simone, Roberto Natella Abstract—Protocol violation bugs in storage device drivers are necessarily lead to such symptoms. The lack of detection can a critical threat for data integrity, since these bugs can silently lead to silent corruptions of users’ data, thus exacerbating the corrupt the commands and data flowing between the OS and cost of software failures. storage devices. Due to their nature, these bugs are notoriously difficult to find by traditional testing. In this paper, we propose In this paper, we propose a novel approach for detecting I/O a run-time monitoring approach for storage device drivers, in protocol violations in storage device drivers, by monitoring at order to detect I/O protocol violations that would otherwise run-time the interactions between the driver and the hardware silently escalate in corruptions of users’ data. The monitoring device controller. The purpose of the run-time monitor is to de- approach detects violations of I/O protocols by automatically learning a reference model from failure-free execution traces. The tect device driver failures in a timely manner. This solution is approach focuses on selected portions of the storage controller meant both to users and engineers of high-availability storage interface, in order to achieve a good trade-off in terms of low systems, including: administrators and end-users of the system, performance overhead and high coverage and accuracy of failure which need to get alarms about the onset of data corruptions in detection. -
Silicon Valley's Hi-Tech Heritage: Apple Park Visitor Center And
Silicon Valley’s Hi-Tech Heritage: Apple Park Visitor Center and Three Great Museums Tell the Computer and Technology Story By Lee Foster Author’s Note: This article “Silicon Valley’s Hi-Tech Heritage: Apple Park Visitor Center and Three Great Museums Tell the Computer and Technology Story” is a chapter in my new book/ebook Northern California History Travel Adventures: 35 Suggested Trips. The subject is also covered in my book/ebook Northern California Travel: The Best Options. That book is available in English as a book/ebook and also as an ebook in Chinese. Several of my books on California can be seen on my Amazon Author Page. In Brief In California’s Silicon Valley, you can learn about the computer and technology revolution that is affecting the world today. For instance, the story comes alive at the new Apple Park Visitor Center in Cupertino. In addition you can visit three great museums located, appropriately, in this Northern California epicenter of innovation. These high-tech revolutions have altered the face of San Jose and the Silicon Valley. You find the area, which is 30-50 miles south of San Francisco. It stretches along the western and southern edge of San Francisco Bay. My Osborne Computer, 1980, a copy of which can be seen at the Computer History Museum Originally a bucolic ranching region, San Jose began as a small pueblo and Spanish mission in the 18th century. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the valley developed as one of the most important fruit-growing areas in the United States. -
Everything Matters
Everything intel.com/go/responsibility Matters Global Citizenship Report 2003 Contents Executive Summary 3 Everything Adds Up Corporate Performance 4 Organizational Profile 6 Everywhere Matters 8 Stakeholder Relationships 10 Performance Summary 11 Goals & Targets 12 Ethics & Compliance 13 Economic Performance Environment, Health & Safety 14 Every Effort Contributes 16 Performance Indicators 18 Inspections & Compliance 19 Workplace Health & Safety 20 Environmental Footprint 22 Product Ecology 23 EHS Around the World Social Programs & Performance 24 Everyone Counts 26 Workplace Environment 31 Everyone Has a Say 32 Diversity 34 Education 36 Technology in the Community 37 Contributing to the Community 38 External Recognition 39 Intel: 35 Years of Innovation GRI Content Table Section # GRI Section Intel Report Reference Page # 1.1 Vision & Strategy Executive Summary 3 1.2 CEO Statement Executive Summary 3 2.1– 2.9 Organizational Profile Organizational Profile, Stakeholder Relationships 4–9 2.10– 2.16 Report Scope Report Scope & Profile 2 2.17– 2.22 Report Profile Report Scope & Profile 2 3.1– 3.8 Structure & Governance Ethics & Compliance 12 3.9– 3.12 Stakeholder Engagement Stakeholder Relationships 8–9 3.13– 3.20 Overarching Policies & Management Systems Ethics & Compliance, For More Information 12, 40 4.1 GRI Content Index GRI Content Table 2 Performance Summary 2003 Performance, 2004 Goals & Targets 10–11 5.0 Economic Performance Indicators Economic Performance 13 5.0 Environmental Performance Indicators Environment, Health & Safety 14– 23 5.0 Social Performance Indicators Social Programs & Performance 24–37 Report Scope and Profile: This report, addressing Intel’s worldwide operations, was published in May 2004. The report contains data from 2001 through 2003. -
PCI Express X4 Card > 2 X Internal M.2 Key B + 1 X Internal Nvme M.2
PCI Express x4 Card > 2 x internal M.2 Key B + 1 x internal NVMe M.2 Key M - Low Profile Form Factor Description This PCI Express card by Delock expands the PC by three M.2 slots. On the card can be connected up to two M.2 SATA modules in format 22110, 2280, 2260, 2242, 2230 and one M.2 PCIe module in format 22110, 2280, 2260, 2242, 2230. The SATA modules will be connected via SATA cables to the motherboard. Specification Item no. 89394 • Connectors: EAN: 4043619893942 internal: 2 x 67 pin M.2 key B slot Country of origin: Taiwan, Republic of 1 x 67 pin M.2 key M slot China 1 x PCI Express x4, V3.0 2 x SATA 6 Gb/s 7 pin receptacle Package: Box 1 x SATA 15 pin power plug • Interface: SATA + PCIe • Supports two M.2 modules in format 22110, 2280, 2260, 2242 and 2230 with key B or key B+M based on SATA and one M.2 module in format 22110, 2280, 2260, 2242 and 2230 with key M or key B+M based on PCIe • Maximum height of the components on the module: 1.5 mm, application of double-sided assembled modules supported • Data transfer rate up to 6 Gb/s • Power supply via PCI Express interface or via SATA 15 pin power connector • Supports Native Command Queuing (NCQ) • Supports NVM Express (NVMe) System requirements • Windows Vista/Vista-64/7/7-64/8.1/8.1-64/10/10-64, Linux Kernel 3.2.0 • PC with one free PCI Express x4 / x8 / x16 / x32 slot • One free SATA 7 pin interface for each connected M.2 module based on SATA Package content • PCI Express card • Low profile bracket • 3 x fixing screw © 2021 by Delock. -
Computer Architectures an Overview
Computer Architectures An Overview PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Sat, 25 Feb 2012 22:35:32 UTC Contents Articles Microarchitecture 1 x86 7 PowerPC 23 IBM POWER 33 MIPS architecture 39 SPARC 57 ARM architecture 65 DEC Alpha 80 AlphaStation 92 AlphaServer 95 Very long instruction word 103 Instruction-level parallelism 107 Explicitly parallel instruction computing 108 References Article Sources and Contributors 111 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 113 Article Licenses License 114 Microarchitecture 1 Microarchitecture In computer engineering, microarchitecture (sometimes abbreviated to µarch or uarch), also called computer organization, is the way a given instruction set architecture (ISA) is implemented on a processor. A given ISA may be implemented with different microarchitectures.[1] Implementations might vary due to different goals of a given design or due to shifts in technology.[2] Computer architecture is the combination of microarchitecture and instruction set design. Relation to instruction set architecture The ISA is roughly the same as the programming model of a processor as seen by an assembly language programmer or compiler writer. The ISA includes the execution model, processor registers, address and data formats among other things. The Intel Core microarchitecture microarchitecture includes the constituent parts of the processor and how these interconnect and interoperate to implement the ISA. The microarchitecture of a machine is usually represented as (more or less detailed) diagrams that describe the interconnections of the various microarchitectural elements of the machine, which may be everything from single gates and registers, to complete arithmetic logic units (ALU)s and even larger elements.