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THE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH SYSTEM in PAKISTAN the Pressure to Publish and Its Impact 26 Summary 27 03 RESEARCH and RELATED FUNDING 29
knowledge platform KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM THE UNIVERSITY DR. NADEEM UL HAQUE MAHBOOB MAHMOOD SHAHBANO ABBAS RESEARCH SYSTEM ALI LODHI IN PAKISTAN BRITISH COUNCIL DR. MARYAM RAB CATHERINE SINCLAIR JONES THE UNIVERSITY A KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM PROJECT IN COLLABORATION WITH RESEARCH SYSTEM THE BRITISH COUNCIL IN PAKISTAN IN PAKISTAN DR. NADEEM UL HAQUE MAHBOOB MAHMOOD SHAHBANO ABBAS ALI LODHI DR.MARYAM RAB CATHERINE SINCLAIR JONES Contents FOREWORD 1 INTRODUCTION 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 01 THE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM IN PAKISTAN 11 02 LITERATURE REVIEW 21 Overview 22 HEC influence 23 The imperative to collaborate 24 The weakness of social sciences research 25 THE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH SYSTEM IN PAKISTAN The pressure to publish and its impact 26 Summary 27 03 RESEARCH AND RELATED FUNDING 29 Overview 30 Government-linked research institutes 33 Pakistan science foundation 40 Industry cess-based funds 41 Donor funding 44 Other funding 47 Pathways to enhanced funding 48 04 DRIVERS OF RESEARCH DEMAND 53 Overview 54 Government demand 55 Business demand 60 Donor demand 65 Pathways to building demand 70 05 RESEARCH INCENTIVES AND MEASUREMENT 73 Overview 74 Community perspectives 77 Pathways to quality-oriented incentives and measurements 80 06 v RESEARCH CULTURE AND ITS DISCONTENTS 83 Overview 84 Research collaboration 92 07 Research practice 95 FACULTY AND INSTITUTIONAL CAPABILITIES 103 Overview 104 Faculty capabilities 108 Gender impact 113 Institutional capabilities 115 08 Pathways to building faculty and institutional capabilities 117 09 COMPARATIVE RESEARCH SYSTEMS -
AIPS 1998 Newsletter
Pakistan Studies News Newsletter of the American Institute of Pakistan Studies Fall 1998 POWER AND CIVIL SOCIETY Power and Civil Society in Pakistan by Anita Weiss A number of Pakistan-based and U.S.-based scholars have been participating in a project entitled "Power and Civil Society in Pakistan." Professor Anita M. Weiss (University of Oregon) and Dr. Zulfiqar Gilani (University of Peshawar, AIPS/PLS visitor, 1996), project coordinators, will also jointly edit the resulting volume. The task of the project is two-fold: 1) to understand historic relations of power and authority in a range of social relationships in Pakistan as a means to create a baseline understanding of traditional conceptions of power. While these vary somewhat by region, class and gender, ample common features exist to form a foundation of what can be termed "Pakistani society." The country's founders envisioned its civil society -- intermediate institutions in the Tocquevillean sense free from both church (i.e., mosque) and state, in effect operating as a bulwark against the state amassing unbridled power -- within a pluralistic framework. albeit initially providing room for a variety of interpretations of its founding principles and future directions, and 2) to grapple with understanding the causes behind the disintegration of a moral consensus within Pakistani civil society, with the ultimate objective of reconceptualizing development priorities. The project's focus is on shifting power relationships in various social domains as contributors examine how changing power dynamics are precipitating or responding to the erosion of existing local social contracts, and ways in which they are affecting the emergence of alternative contracts between the peoples of Pakistan. -
70 YEARS of DEVELOPMENT: the WAY FORWARD Research & News Bulle N Contents
OCTOBER - DECEMBER 2017 SDC SPECIAL BULLETIN Vol 24 No. 4 70 YEARS OF DEVELOPMENT: THE WAY FORWARD Research & News Bullen Contents SDPI's 20th Sustainable Development Conference ............................................................................................... 01 PLENARY TITLE: Development Beyond 70 and the Way Forward ...................................................................... 03 Session A-1: Improving Connectivity and Regional Integration in Central and South Asia .................................... 05 Session A2: Women's Access to Justice: Ending Violence Against Women (VAW) ................................................. 07 Session A-3: Challenges and Potential of SME Sector Financing in Pakistan: Way Forward through CPEC .......... 10 Session A-4: Political Economy of South Asia: Stories From Pakistan, India & Bangladesh .................................. 13 Session A-5: Harnessing private sector role in sustainable development .................................................................. 15 Session A-6: Pakistan @100: Envisioning Reforms to Accelerate and Sustain Inclusive Growth ........................... 17 Session A-7: Challenges of Moving from Diversity to Pluralism ............................................................................. 19 Session A-8: Structural Inequalities in South Asia: Issues, Challenges and Policy Solutions .................................. 22 Session A-9: Sustainable Development Goals: Keeping the Promise Alive ............................................................. -
The Beautiful Tragedy of the Bhutto Dynasty
THE BEAUTIFUL TRAGEDY OF THE BHUTTO DYNASTY Item type text; Electronic Thesis Authors Taub, Stefanie Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Downloaded 3-Aug-2017 09:11:03 Link to item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193014 1 2 3 Abstract This paper will construct a biography of the lives of Benazir Bhutto and her father, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, before their ascension to political leadership of Pakistan in the hopes of better understanding what allowed Benazir to become prime minister. It will set out to prove that what allowed Benazir Bhutto to become the first female prime minister of a post colonial Muslim nation was a sequence of life events, her own character, unique education, the martyrdom of her father, and most importantly, the great role Zulfikar had upon her life as the person she loved and respected most. Assessment of Project Success I learned a great deal from writing this thesis on how to better research history; knowledge that I will undoubtedly take with me and apply in graduate school. I have never written a paper of this scope, depth, and length before, and I personally feel that I did quite well considering I have written almost a small masters thesis while still an undergraduate. As for the topic of Benazir Bhutto, I feel that I am familiar enough with the lives of her and father from writing this thesis that this would be something I could easily turn into a masters thesis if I chose to pursue and continue with this topic in graduate school. -
The Idea of Pakistan by Stephen Philip Cohen
00 1502-1 frontmatter 10/5/04 1:19 PM Page i the idea of pakistan This page intentionally left blank 00 1502-1 frontmatter 10/5/04 1:19 PM Page iii the idea of pakistan stephen philip cohen brookings institution press washington, d.c. 00 1502-1 frontmatter 10/5/04 1:19 PM Page iv Copyright © 2004 the brookings institution 1775 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 www.brookings.edu All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data Cohen, Stephen P., 1936– The idea of Pakistan / Stephen P. Cohen. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-8157-1502-1 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Pakistan. I. Title. DS376.9.C63 2004 954.91—dc22 2004016553 987654321 The paper used in this publication meets minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials: ANSI Z39.48-1992. Cartography by Meridian Mapping Minneapolis, Minnesota Typeset in Sabon Composition by Cynthia Stock Silver Spring, Maryland Printed by R. R. Donnelley Harrisonburg, Virginia 00 1502-1 frontmatter 10/5/04 1:19 PM Page v CONTENTS Preface vii Introduction 1 one The Idea of Pakistan 15 two The State of Pakistan 39 three The Army’s Pakistan 97 four Political Pakistan 131 five Islamic Pakistan 161 six Regionalism and Separatism 201 seven Demographic, Educational, and Economic Prospects 231 eight Pakistan’s Futures 267 nine American Options 301 Notes 329 Index 369 00 1502-1 frontmatter 10/5/04 1:19 PM Page vi vi Contents MAPS Pakistan in 2004 xii The Subcontinent on the Eve of Islam, and Early Arab Inroads, 700–975 14 The Ghurid and Mamluk Dynasties, 1170–1290 and the Delhi Sultanate under the Khaljis and Tughluqs, 1290–1390 17 The Mughal Empire, 1556–1707 19 Choudhary Ramat Ali’s 1940 Plan for Pakistan 27 Pakistan in 1947 40 Pakistan in 1972 76 Languages of Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Northwest India 209 Pakistan in Its Larger Regional Setting 300 00 1502-1 frontmatter 10/5/04 1:19 PM Page vii Preface It has taken me forty-four years to write this book—the length of time I have been studying Pakistan (and India). -
Economic Growth of Pakistan Punjab: Historic Heritage and the Role Of
Economic Prospects of Pakistani Punjab: Historic Heritage, Institutions and the Regional Dimension of Growth Beate Reszat During the last decades, the Pakistani economy has experienced dramatic ups and downs with the Punjab historically playing a key role in the country’s development. In analyzing its longer-term growth prospects three aspects have to be emphasised: First, history matters. This draws the attention to factors such as the region’s ancient role as hub between Central Asia and the Ganges valley, the influences of Islam and the colonial inheritance. Second, institutions matter as they set the frame for private economic activity. A third aspect is the regional dimension of growth. While the European experience has demonstrated the benefits of regional economic collaboration in particular in the early stages of development, in South Asian approaches Pakistan's neighbourly relations pose a challenge to multilateral cooperation. The Punjab's historic legacy offers several promising perspectives to overcome existing barriers and exploit the benefits of a shared cultural and institutional heritage. I. Introduction In autumn 2008, as this paper is written, news on the Pakistan economy worsen from month to month. There are industrial lay-offs and strikes, food riots, daily 12-hour nationwide power cuts, and a rapidly declining internal and external value of the Pakistan Rupee. With rising costs of imports of food, fertiliser and fuel for the fiscal year 2008 which ended June 30th the country’s current-account deficit was reaching a record high of an estimated 7.8 per cent of GDP. Growth is slowing, inflation accelerating to over 30 per cent and, 28 Economic Prospects of Pakistani Punjab at the same time, the government deficit is constantly widening. -
PAKISTAN FOREIGN POLICY FORMULATION, 1947-65: An
PAKISTAN FOREIGN POLICY FORMULATION, 1947-65: An analysis of institutional interaction between American policy making bodies and the Pakistan Army. By Syed Hussain Shaheed Soherwordi Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of History and Classics University of Edinburgh Year of submission: 2009 This thesis is dedicated to my Parents- my Papa Syed Maqsood Ali Pirzada and my lovely Ammi (late) Hasnain Khatoon. Both of them always wanted to see me at the zenith of my education. Their aspiration remained a confidence boost for my academic achievements. ii Abstract This thesis examines through the use of archives and oral evidence the role of the Pakistan Army in the context of Pakistan’s domestic politics and foreign policy. Its main purpose is to explore the autonomy of the Pakistan Army in shaping national and foreign policy between the years 1947-1965. Focusing on its independent relationship with three instruments of policy-making in the United States – the Department of State, the White House and the Pentagon – the thesis argues that the relationship between the Army and these policy-making bodies arose from a synergistic commonality of interests. The Americans needed a country on the periphery of the Soviet Union to contain Communism while the Pakistan Army needed US military support to check Indian regional military hegemonism in South Asia. This alliance was secured to the disadvantage of democratic political institutions of Pakistan. The Army, which became stronger as a result of US military and economic support, came progressively to dominate domestic politics. This led not only to weakened civilian governments in the period I am examining, but in 1958 to the military seizure of political control of the country itself. -
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FOSTERING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTIN SAOUTHSIA RESPONDING TO CHALLENGES LAHORE — PAKISTAN 338.927Ayesha Salman, S. S. Aneel, U. T. Haroon Fostering Sustainable Development in South Asia: Responding to Challenges/ Anthology editors: Ayesha Salman, Sarah S. Aneel, Uzma, T. Haroon.-Lahore: Sang-e- MeelPublications, 2011 . xviii, 336pp. 1. South Asia - Development Economics. I. Title. © SDPI & Sang-e-Meel Publications All rights reserved. No Part of this Publications may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, digital, electronic, mechanical, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Publisher. 2011 Published by: Niaz Ahmad Sang-e-Meel Publications, Lahore. Anthology editors: Ayesha Salman Sarah S. Aneel Uzma T. Haroon Cover design by: Nasir Khan Disclaimer The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this anthology are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed to the Sustainable Development Policy Institute or Sang-e-Meel Publications.Any text that has not been referenced or cited as per the authors’ guidelines is the sole responsibility of the author/s. ISBN-10: 9 6 9 - 3 5 - 2 3 8 1 - 4 ISBN-13: 978-969-35-2381-2 Sang-e-Meel Publications Phones: 37220100-37228143 Fax: 37245101 http://www.sang-e-meel.com e-mail: [email protected] 25 Shahrah-e-Pakistan (Lower Mall), Lahore-54000 PAKISTAN & Sustainable Development Policy Institute 38 Embassy Road, G-6/3, Islamabad Tel: (92-51) 2278134, 2278136 Fax: 2278135 iii CONTENTS Section I: The Politics of Policy Research in Developing Countries Research in difficult settings: Reflections on Pakistan 3 Saba Gul Khattak Flower, queens and goons: Unruly women in rural Pakistan 45 Lubna N. -
Pakistani Pro-Democracy Movement: from the 1960S to the 2000S
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations Dissertations and Theses July 2019 Pakistani Pro-Democracy Movement: From the 1960s to the 2000s Sofia Checa University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2 Part of the Asian History Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Checa, Sofia, "Pakistani Pro-Democracy Movement: From the 1960s to the 2000s" (2019). Doctoral Dissertations. 1616. https://doi.org/10.7275/nf80-pe75 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/1616 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PAKISTANI PRO-DEMOCRACY MOVEMENT: FROM THE 1960s TO THE 2000s A Dissertation Presented by SOFIA HAMDANI CHECA Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2019 Department of Sociology © Copyright by Sofia H. Checa 2019 All Rights Reserved PAKISTANI PRO-DEMOCRACY MOVEMENT: FROM THE 1960s TO THE 2000s A Dissertation Presented by SOFIA HAMDANI CHECA Approved as to style and content by: ____________________________________ Dan Clawson, Chair ____________________________________ Joya Misra, Member ____________________________________ Millie Thayer, Member ____________________________________ Obed Pasha, Member __________________________________ Anthony Paik, Chair Department of Sociology DEDICATION To my parents: Mercedes Checa Molina & Dr. Abbas Jafar Hamdani ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Dan Clawson, chair of my dissertation committee, for his guidance and continued support through this long process. -
Feminism and the Women's Movement in Pakistan Actors
COUNTRY STUDY Feminism and the Women’s Movement in Pakistan Actors, Debates and Strategies Dr. Rubina Saigol REGIONAL Feminism and the Women’s Movement in Pakistan Actors, Debates and Strategies Dr. Rubina Saigol Feminist and women’s rights consciousness in Pakistan has historically been shaped in response to national and global reconfigurations of power including colonialism, nationalism, dictatorship, democracy and the Global War on Terror (GWoT). The relationship between the women’s movement and the Pakistani state has undergone significant shifts, from mutual accommodation and a complementary ethos to confrontation and conflict, followed by collaboration, co-optation and, finally, collusion depending upon transformations in the nature of the state at particular moments in history. The strategies of the women’s movement reflect significant shifts, from a focus on education and welfare to legal reform, and ultimately to women’s political and economic rights. A historically consistent and sustained tension between the women’s movement/feminism and the state, as well as between the movement and ‘civil society’ consisting of non-state actors, has resulted from specific articulations of religion at different times confronted by the impulse toward a secular ethos. REGIONAL Contents List of Abbreviations i Foreword ii Historical transformations and the Women’s Movement in Pakistan 1 Colonialism and the Education Reform Movement 2 Rise of Anti-Colonial Nationalist Movements in India 6 Post-colonial Re-structuring of State and Society 8 Cold -
AIPS 2004 Newsletter
RESEARCH REPORT PRESIDENT'S COLUMN THREE POSTERS: NEGOTIATING TIME/ PAKISTAN STUDIES OUTGROWS ISTORY AND OMMUNITY IN AKISTANI H C P SOUTH ASIAN STUDIES SUFI-ORIENTED LITHOGRAPH PORTRAITS BY JAMES CARON, UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan at the end of 1979 was the first of a chain I. INTRODUCTION of events that has steadily brought The genre of mass-produced South Asian Pakistan and all that relates to it into the devotional portraiture has, in addition to its acquired range of interests of a much larger area status as the object of connoisseurship, been the of scholarship and academia. The civil subject of quite a few academic studies from a war in Afghanistan, the rise of the Taliban, variety of theoretical perspectives. However, with the return of Osama bin Laden, 9/11, a few exceptions, the focus of all this work has the American response—this accelerating been exclusively Hindu god images, and to a lesser escalation of crisis and threat has lifted extent, political images (and here obviously the Pakistan out of what many had seen as categories must be, and are, regularly noted as blurry) its exclusively South-Asian significance from within the context of the nation-state of India and transformed it into a major focus or the retrospective privileging of the nationalist of interest throughout the social sciences activities which led up to that state’s creation. There and the humanities. Although this change has as well been a small body of work related to is directly relevant only to scholars Sikh portraiture. Much less well represented are concerned with what is going on in the Muslim-centric images, on which subject there are world today, it soon percolates through only a small number of journal articles, in addition academia and the curriculum at large. -
Women's Rights and Islamic Concerns with IJTIHAD Over Those Rights
N o t e s 1 Introduction: Women’s Rights and Islamic Concerns with IJTIHAD over Those Rights 1 . Khalid Mas’ud (2009) offers a comprehensive review of the concept of ijti- had historically. See especially pp. 14–33. For an argument on why ijtihad , in the more formal sense, needs to be revived in the contemporary world to address the challenges of modernity and promote justice and progress within the Muslim world, see USIP, Ijtihad: Reinterpreting Islamic Principles for the Twenty-first Century. Special Report No. 125, August 2004. 2. An interesting insight on the prolific yet controversial issuance of fatwas around the world is in Bennoune, 2013. 3 . M u h a m m a d I q b a l , The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam (Lahore: Institute of Islamic Culture, 1986: 78) as cited in Khalid Mas’ud 2009: 81. 4 . W o r l d B a n k 2013 World Development Indicators , accessed at: http://wdi. worldbank.org/table/1.5. 5 . United Nations “The World’s Women 2010: Trends and Statistics, Executive Summary,” accessed at: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/ Worldswomen/Executive%20summary.htm . 6 . World Bank op. cit. 7 . Ibid., and Inter-Parliamentary Union, based on information provided by National Parliaments by February 1, 2013, accessed at: http://www.ipu.org/ wmn-e/world.htm . 8 . The Koran translated with notes by N. J. Dawood. Penguin Books, 2006, p. 64. 9 . For more on each of these organizations, see their respective websites: http:// www.wluml.org/ and http://www.musawah.org/ .