The Idea of Pakistan by Stephen Philip Cohen
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The Northern Areas, Pakistan's Forgotten Colony in Jammu And
IJGR 11,1-2_ f7-186-228 7/28/04 7:17 AM Page 187 International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 11: 187–228, 2004. 187 © Koninklijke Brill NV. Printed in the Netherlands. Of Rivers and Human Rights: The Northern Areas, Pakistan’s Forgotten Colony in Jammu and Kashmir ANITA D. RAMAN* Following armed hostilities in 1947–1949 between India and Pakistan and inter- vention by the international community, the region once known as the Princely State of Jammu & Kashmir was divided. Commencing no later than October 1947, the Kashmir dispute has proved the most protracted territorial dispute in the United Nations era. Since the termination of hostilities and the signing of the Karachi Agreement of August 1949 between India and Pakistan, approximately one third of the former Princely State has been under the de facto control of Pakistan. The Northern Areas constitute the majority of Pakistan-controlled Kashmir, and little is known regarding internal governance in the region. Despite its long- held position that the entirety of the former Princely State is disputed territory, the Federation of Pakistan has recently commenced steps to incorporate the region as the ‘fifth province’ of Pakistan. Section I of this note outlines the his- tory of the use of force in and occupation of the former Princely State, focusing on the internal administrative setup of the region following 1948. Section II looks to the concept of nationhood in order to assess whether the residents of the Northern Areas are a people within the meaning of international law on the right of self-determination and proposes a possible way forward in the assessment of the will of the peoples of the region. -
Europe Report, Nr. 153: Pan-Albanianism
PAN-ALBANIANISM: HOW BIG A THREAT TO BALKAN STABILITY? 25 February 2004 Europe Report N°153 Tirana/Brussels TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 A. THE BURDENS OF HISTORY...................................................................................................2 B. AFTER THE FALL: CHAOS AND NEW ASPIRATIONS................................................................4 II. THE RISE AND FALL OF THE ANA......................................................................... 7 III. ALBANIA: THE VIEW FROM TIRANA.................................................................. 11 IV. KOSOVO: INTERNAL DIVISIONS ......................................................................... 14 V. MACEDONIA: SHOULD WE STAY OR SHOULD WE GO? ............................... 17 VI. MONTENEGRO, SOUTHERN SERBIA AND GREECE....................................... 20 A. ALL QUIET ON THE WESTERN FRONT?................................................................................20 B. THE PRESEVO VALLEY IN SOUTHERN SERBIA....................................................................22 C. THE GREEK QUESTION........................................................................................................24 VII. EMIGRES, IDENTITY AND THE POWER OF DEMOGRAPHICS ................... 25 A. THE DIASPORA: POLITICS AND CRIME.................................................................................25 -
Khalistan & Kashmir: a Tale of Two Conflicts
123 Matthew Webb: Khalistan & Kashmir Khalistan & Kashmir: A Tale of Two Conflicts Matthew J. Webb Petroleum Institute _______________________________________________________________ While sharing many similarities in origin and tactics, separatist insurgencies in the Indian states of Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir have followed remarkably different trajectories. Whereas Punjab has largely returned to normalcy and been successfully re-integrated into India’s political and economic framework, in Kashmir diminished levels of violence mask a deep-seated antipathy to Indian rule. Through a comparison of the socio- economic and political realities that have shaped the both regions, this paper attempts to identify the primary reasons behind the very different paths that politics has taken in each state. Employing a distinction from the normative literature, the paper argues that mobilization behind a separatist agenda can be attributed to a range of factors broadly categorized as either ‘push’ or ‘pull’. Whereas Sikh separatism is best attributed to factors that mostly fall into the latter category in the form of economic self-interest, the Kashmiri independence movement is more motivated by ‘push’ factors centered on considerations of remedial justice. This difference, in addition to the ethnic distance between Kashmiri Muslims and mainstream Indian (Hindu) society, explains why the politics of separatism continues in Kashmir, but not Punjab. ________________________________________________________________ Introduction Of the many separatist insurgencies India has faced since independence, those in the states of Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir have proven the most destructive and potent threats to the country’s territorial integrity. Ostensibly separate movements, the campaigns for Khalistan and an independent Kashmir nonetheless shared numerous similarities in origin and tactics, and for a brief time were contemporaneous. -
“TELLING the STORY” Sources of Tension in Afghanistan & Pakistan: a Regional Perspective (2011-2016)
“TELLING THE STORY” Sources of Tension in Afghanistan & Pakistan: A Regional Perspective (2011-2016) Emma Hooper (ed.) This monograph has been produced with the financial assistance of the Norway Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not reflect the position of the Ministry. © 2016 CIDOB This monograph has been produced with the financial assistance of the Norway Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not reflect the position of the Ministry. CIDOB edicions Elisabets, 12 08001 Barcelona Tel.: 933 026 495 www.cidob.org [email protected] D.L.: B 17561 - 2016 Barcelona, September 2016 CONTENTS CONTRIBUTOR BIOGRAPHIES 5 FOREWORD 11 Tine Mørch Smith INTRODUCTION 13 Emma Hooper CHAPTER ONE: MAPPING THE SOURCES OF TENSION WITH REGIONAL DIMENSIONS 17 Sources of Tension in Afghanistan & Pakistan: A Regional Perspective .......... 19 Zahid Hussain Mapping the Sources of Tension and the Interests of Regional Powers in Afghanistan and Pakistan ............................................................................................. 35 Emma Hooper & Juan Garrigues CHAPTER TWO: KEY PHENOMENA: THE TALIBAN, REFUGEES , & THE BRAIN DRAIN, GOVERNANCE 57 THE TALIBAN Preamble: Third Party Roles and Insurgencies in South Asia ............................... 61 Moeed Yusuf The Pakistan Taliban Movement: An Appraisal ......................................................... 65 Michael Semple The Taliban Movement in Afghanistan ....................................................................... -
Volume 2, Issue 2
VysokáMetropolitan škola veřejné správy Universitya mezinárodních vztahů Prague v Praze VolumeVolume 2 / 1Issue / Issue 2 / November2 / November 2008 2007 CentralCentral European European Journal Journal of of International & Security Studies Volume 2 Issue 2 November 2008 Contents Editor’s Note . .5 Research Articles Miroslava Filipović / Cross-Cutting Issues in International Capital . 11 David Erkomaishvili / Collective Security and Unilateral Decisions – Security Prospects for the post-Soviet Space . 28 Liyan Hu and Ter-Shing Cheng / China’s Energy Security and Geo-Economic Interests in Central Asia 42 Scott Romaniuk / The Russian Minority in Post-Communist Politics: a Case Study of Ukraine, Moldova and Chechnya . 56 Šárka Matějková / Establishing the Norm of Humanitarian Intervention in International Relations . 76 Abubakar Siddique / Pakistan at 61: An Assessment of Challenges and Opportunities . 92 Mohammed T . Obidallah / Water and the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict . 103 Comment & Analysis Patrycja Podrazik / Who Really Lost the Georgian War? . 119 Marie Homerova / Personal Experiences from the Years of ‘Late Normalization,’ 1980s .1 23 Book Reviews . .129–136 Notes on Contributors . 137 CEJISS Contact Information . .139 5 Editor’s Note: CE JISS InAs readying CEJISS thereleases content its of fourth Volume issue, 1 Issue international 2 of CEJISS, relations I was restsstruck uncom by the- growingfortably onsupport the brink this journal. The international has received atmosphere within many resembles scholarly a andmixture profes- of sionalpre-WWI quarters. over-confidence Building on among the success the great of thepowers rst (particularlyissue, CEJISS the has US, man- Rus- agedsia and to China)extend itsand readership post-WWI to global the universities economic and instability institutions . The ofresult a number of these of countriesdangerous both ingredients in the EU is uncertain,and internationally. -
Ÿþm I C R O S O F T W O R
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Knowledge Repository Open Network Indo - Afghan Relations since 9/11 Dissertation Submitted to the University of Kashmir in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of Degree of Master of Philosophy (M. Phil) In Political Science By Ashfaq Maqsood Ali Under the Supervision of Dr. Tabasum Firdous (Assistant Professor (Sr.) in Political Science) Centre of Central Asian Studies University of Kashmir Srinagar J&K- 190006 2013 CENTRE OF CENTRAL ASIAN STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF KASHMIR, SRINAGAR Certificate Certified that the dissertation entitled “Indo - Afghan Relations since 9/11” submitted by Ashfaq Maqsood Ali, in partial fulfillment of M. Phil Degree in the Discipline of Political Science is an original piece of research work. This work has not been submitted fully or partially so far anywhere for the award of any degree. The scholar worked under my supervision on whole-time basis for the period required under statutes and has put in the required attendance in the Centre. Dr. Tabasum Firdous Supervisor Centre of Central Asian Studies Prof. Aijaz A. Bandey University of Kashmir Director Centre of Central Asian Studies University of Kashmir Declaration I solemnly declare that the dissertation entitled “Indo-Afghan Relations since 9/11” submitted by me in the discipline of Political Science under the supervision of Dr. Tabasum Firdous embodies my own contribution. This work which does not contain any piracy has not been submitted, so far anywhere -
A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan
The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan PhD Thesis Submitted by Ehsan Mehmood Khan, PhD Scholar Regn. No. NDU-PCS/PhD-13/F-017 Supervisor Dr Muhammad Khan Department of Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Faculties of Contemporary Studies (FCS) National Defence University (NDU) Islamabad 2017 ii The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan PhD Thesis Submitted by Ehsan Mehmood Khan, PhD Scholar Regn. No. NDU-PCS/PhD-13/F-017 Supervisor Dr Muhammad Khan This Dissertation is submitted to National Defence University, Islamabad in fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Peace and Conflict Studies Department of Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Faculties of Contemporary Studies (FCS) National Defence University (NDU) Islamabad 2017 iii Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for Doctor of Philosophy in Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Department NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY Islamabad- Pakistan 2017 iv CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION It is certified that the dissertation titled “The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan” written by Ehsan Mehmood Khan is based on original research and may be accepted towards the fulfilment of PhD Degree in Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS). ____________________ (Supervisor) ____________________ (External Examiner) Countersigned By ______________________ ____________________ (Controller of Examinations) (Head of the Department) v AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis titled “The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan” is based on my own research work. Sources of information have been acknowledged and a reference list has been appended. -
Mapping the 'Khalistan' Movement, 1930-1947: an Overview
Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan Volume No. 55, Issue No. 1(January - June, 2018) Samina Iqbal * Rukhsana Yasmeen** Kalsoom Hanif *** Ghulam Shabir **** Mapping the ‘Khalistan’ Movement, 1930-1947: An overview Abstract This study attempts to understand the struggle of the Sikhs of the Punjab, during the colonial period (1930-1947), for their separate home-land- Khalistan, which to date have been an unfinished agenda. They still feel they have missed the train by joining hands with the Congress Party. There is strong feeling sometime it comes out in shape of upsurge of freedom of moments in the East Punjab. Therefore it is important to understand what was common understanding of the Sikh about the freedom struggle and how they reacted to national movements and why they filed to achieve a separate homeland-Khalistan. The problem is that the Sikh demands have so been ignored by the British government of India and His Majesty’s Government in England. These demands were also were not given proper attention by the Government of Punjab, Muslim leadership and Congress. Although the Sikhs had a voice in the politics and economic spheres their numerical distribution in the Punjab meant that they were concerted in any particular areas. Therefore they remained a minority and could only achieve a small voting strength under separate electorates. The other significant factor working against the Sikh community was that the leadership representing was factionalized and disunited, thus leading to a lack of united representation during the freedom struggle and thus their demand for the creation of a Sikh state could not become a force to reckon. -
Discord in Pakistan's Northern Areas
DISCORD IN PAKISTAN’S NORTHERN AREAS Asia Report N°131 – 2 April 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................... i I. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................... 1 II. THE HISTORY............................................................................................................... 2 A. THE KASHMIR CONNECTION..................................................................................................2 B. ACCEDING TO PAKISTAN .......................................................................................................3 III. SIX DECADES OF CONSTITUTIONAL NEGLECT ................................................... 5 A. RETAINING THE KASHMIR CONNECTION ................................................................................5 1. Justification ................................................................................................................5 2. Enforcement ...............................................................................................................6 B. THE NORTHERN AREAS AND AJK: DIVERGENT PATHS...........................................................7 1. Constitutional and administrative development .............................................................7 2. Azad Jammu and Kashmir..........................................................................................8 3. The Northern Areas....................................................................................................8 -
UNPO UPR Submission 13Th Philippines
Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO) Individual Stakeholder Submission to the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights regarding the Universal Periodic Review of the Republic of Pakistan during the 14th Session, 22 October- 5 November 2012 Background of Ethnic Minorities of Pakistan 1. Sindh: The Sindhi people are mostly located in Sindh in southeastern Pakistan. This province has historically been recognized as a separate political territory, and it practiced territorial autonomy under British colonial rule. During the Pakistan-Indian separation, the Sindhi agreed to join Pakistan in exchange for the promise of autonomy. Since that time, Sindh has seen a loss of provincial autonomy, endangering the distinct culture and language of the Sindh. 2. Gilgit-Baltistan: Gilgit-Baltistan is an area located in the north of Pakistan disputed by India and Pakistan. Because of its isolated position between the Karakoram Mountains, the area has developed and preserved its unique history, cultural values, and traditional political identity. The area where an estimated 1.8 million people reside is governed directly by Islamabad, despite a landmark verdict in 1999 which ordered Pakistan to extend fundamental freedoms to the Northern Areas. 3. Balochistan: The region of Balochistan stretches out over parts of Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan. After the British occupation of the region, and the subsequent independence of Pakistan, the land of the Baloch was partitioned. According to official estimates, 7, 9 million people are currently living in the Pakistani part of the Balochistan. Many Baloch live in a climate of fear characterized by rising rates of enforced disappearances , extrajudicial killings, and arbitrary detention. -
THE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH SYSTEM in PAKISTAN the Pressure to Publish and Its Impact 26 Summary 27 03 RESEARCH and RELATED FUNDING 29
knowledge platform KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM THE UNIVERSITY DR. NADEEM UL HAQUE MAHBOOB MAHMOOD SHAHBANO ABBAS RESEARCH SYSTEM ALI LODHI IN PAKISTAN BRITISH COUNCIL DR. MARYAM RAB CATHERINE SINCLAIR JONES THE UNIVERSITY A KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM PROJECT IN COLLABORATION WITH RESEARCH SYSTEM THE BRITISH COUNCIL IN PAKISTAN IN PAKISTAN DR. NADEEM UL HAQUE MAHBOOB MAHMOOD SHAHBANO ABBAS ALI LODHI DR.MARYAM RAB CATHERINE SINCLAIR JONES Contents FOREWORD 1 INTRODUCTION 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 01 THE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM IN PAKISTAN 11 02 LITERATURE REVIEW 21 Overview 22 HEC influence 23 The imperative to collaborate 24 The weakness of social sciences research 25 THE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH SYSTEM IN PAKISTAN The pressure to publish and its impact 26 Summary 27 03 RESEARCH AND RELATED FUNDING 29 Overview 30 Government-linked research institutes 33 Pakistan science foundation 40 Industry cess-based funds 41 Donor funding 44 Other funding 47 Pathways to enhanced funding 48 04 DRIVERS OF RESEARCH DEMAND 53 Overview 54 Government demand 55 Business demand 60 Donor demand 65 Pathways to building demand 70 05 RESEARCH INCENTIVES AND MEASUREMENT 73 Overview 74 Community perspectives 77 Pathways to quality-oriented incentives and measurements 80 06 v RESEARCH CULTURE AND ITS DISCONTENTS 83 Overview 84 Research collaboration 92 07 Research practice 95 FACULTY AND INSTITUTIONAL CAPABILITIES 103 Overview 104 Faculty capabilities 108 Gender impact 113 Institutional capabilities 115 08 Pathways to building faculty and institutional capabilities 117 09 COMPARATIVE RESEARCH SYSTEMS -
Flags of Asia
Flags of Asia Item Type Book Authors McGiverin, Rolland Publisher Indiana State University Download date 27/09/2021 04:44:49 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10484/12198 FLAGS OF ASIA A Bibliography MAY 2, 2017 ROLLAND MCGIVERIN Indiana State University 1 Territory ............................................................... 10 Contents Ethnic ................................................................... 11 Afghanistan ............................................................ 1 Brunei .................................................................. 11 Country .................................................................. 1 Country ................................................................ 11 Ethnic ..................................................................... 2 Cambodia ............................................................. 12 Political .................................................................. 3 Country ................................................................ 12 Armenia .................................................................. 3 Ethnic ................................................................... 13 Country .................................................................. 3 Government ......................................................... 13 Ethnic ..................................................................... 5 China .................................................................... 13 Region ..................................................................