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2 of the Collège De France The Letter 2 of the Collège de France N°2 Academic year 2006-2007 Editorial The Collège de France’s new Scientific and Strategic Orientation Committee (COSS) by Pierre Corvol Administrator ‘Today’s world is seeking references, reasons to marvel, of the Collège de France ambitious motivating projects. With the sole objective of Professor, furthering knowledge, basic research – that essentially holder of the Chair of Experimental Medicine disinterested research which demands real collaboration at international level – is one of the paths on that quest. Science is and will always remain a factor of emancipation for humans the university world through the PhD schools, increasing and it is important today to emphasize that obvious fact. In this relations with foreign universities, and developing research at the context, the Collège de France has a unique position in France Collège itself. Today a progress report is indispensable. The and in Europe but also in the world.’ These are the introductory Collège will be attentive to the COSS’s opinions on these points, lines of the Annual Report of the International Scientific and as these will enable it to focus its strategy on the objectives that Strategic Orientation Committee (COSS) submitted to the the Committee has reviewed and revised. President of the Republic, the Prime Minister and the Collège de France’s supervisory ministries in May 2004. The COSS meeting in March 2007 enabled it to make contact with the members of the extended executive of the The creation of the COSS in 2003, on the Collège’s Collège and certain professors at the Cardinal Lemoine and initiative, stemmed from the wish to benefit from eminent Ulm sites. A preliminary study found that the advice and colleagues’ attentive and critical view of the Collège’s main recommendations put forward by the COSS in 2004 had scientific and strategic orientations and the conditions in been followed. Additional details and figures, in a document which they are implemented. It is not the COSS’s role to “The Collège in Figures”, will shortly be submitted to the evaluate the Chairs’ scientific activities; this is the COSS so that it has all the necessary information to draw responsibility of research organizations and of the Ministry up a draft report during its next meeting in November 2007 of National Education, Higher Education and Research. at the Collège. The final report will be presented to the President of the Republic, the supervisory authorities, and The COSS report in May 2004 was a highlight in the finally the Assembly of the Professors in March 2008. Collège de France’s life. This report, the fruit of several meetings, analysed the Collège’s particular characteristics, The COSS’s role is extremely valuable to enlighten the Collège its assets and its weaknesses. It also put forward suggestions de France in its scientific choices and its long-term strategic and opinions. For instance, it proposed that the Collège vision. To fulfil its mission today, the Collège defines enhance its communication policy and define a future- orientations and takes new initiatives, some of which are oriented policy for its libraries. It expressed the wish for the entirely novel in the history of the Institution. If they are to be human resources policy to be optimized and the Collège de carried out fully, these will require more human and financial France’s financial situation to be improved. resources. It is therefore essential that medium- and long-term objectives and the means required to meet them be subjected Four years later, as provided for in the statutes, half the member to the COSS’s critically illuminating scrutiny. of the COSS have been renewed. The Committee currently Professor Pierre Corvol comprises twelve scientific personalities from abroad. It is Administrator of the Collège de France chaired by Professor Detlev Ganten and co-chaired by Professor Peter Mc Cormick. The secretary is Professor Jacques Reisse. Members of the COSS in March 2007 : The view from outside that the COSS has, with its opinions, Anthony Atkinson (UK), economist critiques and proposals, still appears to be essential for the Robert Darnton (US), historian Collège’s life. While the Institution is aware of the strengths Denis Duboule (Switzerland), biologist that have made it famous – its universality, multi-disciplinarity Detlev Ganten, chairman (Germany), biologist and independence – it is nevertheless convinced that it has to Peter Mac Cormick, vice-chairman (Canada), philosopher Paolo Matthiae (Italy), orientalist, archaeologist develop and adapt to a fast-changing world. Jürgen Mlynek (Germany), physicist Jacob Palis (Brazil), mathematician Over the past few years the Collège has taken a series of initiatives David Parkin (UK), anthropologist which largely correspond to the wishes expressed by the COSS Jacques Reisse, secretary (Belgium), chemist in 2004: efforts to increase the dissemination of knowledge, Barbara Romanowicz (US), geophysicist opening up towards society and economic life, moving closer to Karlheinz Stierle (Germany), romanist TABLE OF CONTENTS Selected papers pages The papers published in this issue of the Letter of the Collège de France in English were originally published in the Letters n° 18, 19 and 20 (academic year 2006-2007). INAUGURAL LECTURE - ANTOINE COMPAGNON, chair of Modern and Contemporary French Literature: History, Criticism and Theory (Letter 18) 6 - DANIELE VITALI, International Chair 2006-2007 (Letter 19) 7 - JEAN-PAUL CLOZEL, Chair of Technological Innovation - Liliane Bettencourt (Letter 19) 8 - PASCAL DUSAPIN, Chair of Artistic Creation 2006-2007 (Letter 19) 10 - GUY ORBAN, European Chair 2006-2007 (Letter 20) 11 - MICHEL DEVORET, Chair of Mesoscopic Physics (Letter 20) 12 NEWS OF THE CHAIRS - ÉDOUARD BARD, chair of Climate and Ocean Evolution (Letter 20) 13 - PIERRE BRIANT, chair of History and Civilization of the Achaemenid World and of the Empire of Alexander (Letter 18) 15 - SERGE HAROCHE, chair of Quantum Physics (Letter 20) 17 GUEST LECTURERS - KATHINKA EVERS (Letter 19) 19 - PAOLO MANCOSU (Letter 20) 21 - ADELHEID OTTO (Letter 20) 22 REOPENING SYMPOSIUM 2006: ARTIFICIAL MAN IN THE SERVICE OF SOCIETY (Letter 18) 23 SYMPOSIUM FOR THE COMMEMORATION OF THE CENTENARY OF THE DEATH OF LUDWIG BOLTZMANN - JACQUES BOUVERESSE (Letter 19) 26 COLLOQUIUM IN BERLIN : THE NEW WORLD OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND PREVENTION (Letter 20) 29 PHILOSOPHERS OF THE SCIENCES AND THE SECRETS OF NATURE - IAN HACKING (Letter 20) 33 DANGER! MUSEUMS ADRIFT - ROLAND RECHT (Letter 20) 37 THE ORIGINS OF THE INSTITUT MAREYOFTHECOLLÈGE DE FRANCE - JOHN MCKENZIE (Letter 19) 38 OBITUARY: PIERRE-GILLES DE GENNES, JEAN-PIERRE VERNANT (Letter 19) 42 Institutional Data COLLÈGE DE FRANCE ORGANIZATION CHART 44 LECTURES GIVEN BY THE PROFESSORS ABROAD 46 LECTURES AND LECTURE SERIES BY FOREIGN PROFESSORS 49 EVENTS AT THE COLLÈGE DE FRANCE – 2006-2007 51 RESEARCH TEAMS RECEIVED 52 MAÎTRES DE CONFÉRENCES AND ATER AT THE COLLÈGE DE FRANCE – 2006-2007 52 THE COLLÈGE DE FRANCE INSTITUTES 53 COLLÈGE DE FRANCE WEBSITES – PODCASTS 56 PUBLICATIONS – 2006-2007 57 COLLÈGE DE FRANCE AUTUMN SYMPOSIUM – 2007-2008 59 S ELECTED PAPERS INAUGURAL LECTURE CHAIR OF MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY FRENCH LITERATURE: HISTORY, CRITICISM AND THEORY Antoine Compagnon had attended in the meantime at the Hautes Études. A colleague has reminded me that together, at Claude Lévi-Strauss’ seminar, we listened to Julia Kristeva who subsequently supervised my PhD. The Collège de France thus precipitated my late conversion to the literary sciences. Guez de Balzac warned against the opposite gave his inaugural lecture on conversion: ‘Leaving eloquence for mathematics’, 30 November 2006. His course entitled he commented in 1628, ‘means being tired of an ‘Proust, memory of the literature’ began 18-year-old mistress and falling in love with an on 5 December 2006. old woman’. Old, mathematics? Balzac was wrong, but for me literature has remained ‘an Professor, Extract from the inaugural lecture: 18-year-old mistress’. Moreover, one of my University of professors was also wrong when he warned me “Speaking in this place, I am overcome by a against taking that step: ‘Would it not be better Paris IV-Sorbonne feeling of turmoil, for it seems like yesterday to remain a humanist engineer?’ Member of the that I entered the gates of this institution – to meet giants. I had just started at a neighbouring Forgive me for mentioning these old memories; Academia Europaea school; it was around 1970, I was twenty, and they explain the doubt that I am experiencing Paris was a celebration of the intellect. A friend’s here before you. You cannot imagine everything Member of the mother advised me to visit the Collège de that is lacking in my literary training, everything Haut Conseil de France. I came here and consulted the that I have not read and everything that I do l’Éducation (2006) programme, as astounded as the narrator of La not know since, in the discipline in which you Recherche du temps perdu looking at the elected me, I am virtually an autodidact. I have Morris column announcing Berma in Phèdre. nonetheless been teaching literature for over And then one morning, not without thirty years and have made it my profession. apprehension, I entered a lecture room, up Yet, as I will carry on doing here, I have always there, I can’t remember where exactly because taught what I did not know, and taken my everything’s been changed since then. I kept to lectures as a pretext to read what I had not yet the back and there I listened to a small man read and thus to learn what I did not know. who looked like a bird. He was explaining a Du Bellay sonnet, admirably and in great detail, Unsure as to whether you would agree to my as I had never heard anyone do nor imagined project for a Chair, and my candidature, I would it possible to do.
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