Microfossils and Brachiopods from the Lower Barremian at Prekonozi, Eastern Serbia

GEOLO[KI ANALI BALKANSKOGA POLUOSTRVA 66 (2004–2005) 55–61 BEOGRAD, decembar 2005 ANNALES GÉOLOGIQUES DE LA PÉNINSULE BALKANIQUE BELGRADE, December 2005

Microfossils and brachiopods from the Lower Barremian at Prekonozi, eastern Serbia

SVETLANA POLAVDER1 & BARBARA RADULOVI]2

Abstract. This paper presents the results of an integral biostratigraphical study based on orbitolinids and other benthic foraminifers, brachiopods and algae of a part of the Prekonozi section, eastern Serbia. The species identified are: Paracoskinolina? jourdanensis FOURY & MOULLADE, P. sunnilandensis (MAYNC), Orbitolinopsis debelmasi MOULLADE & THIEULOY, Alpillina antiqua FOURY, Pfenderina globosa FOURY, Mayncina bulgarica LEUG, PEIBERNÈS & REY, Charentia cuvilleri NEUMANI and other foraminifers, and brachiopods: Cyclothyris? pancici (ANTULA), Sellithyris sella (J. DE C. SOWERBY), Dictyothyris elongata SMIRNOVA, and Psilothyris tamarindus (J. DE C. SOWERBY). The examined limestones based on orbitolinids, are assigned to the Lower Barremian, earlier dated Upper Barremian/Lower Aptian. Key words: Orbitolinids, brachiopods, biostratigraphy, Lower Barremian, Prekonozi, eastern Serbia.

Apstrakt. Prikazuju se rezultati integralnih biostratigrafskih prou~avawa jednog dela profila Prekonoga (isto~na Srbija) na osnovu orbitolinida i drugih bentoskih foraminifera, brahiopoda i algi. Odre|ene su: Paracoskinolina? jourdanensis FOURY & MOULLADE, P. sunnilandensis (MAYNC), Orbito- linopsis debelmasi MOULLADE & THIEULOY, Alpillina antiqua FOURY, Pfenderina globosa FOURY, Mayncina bulgarica LEUG, PEIBERNÈS & REY, Charentia cuvilleri NEUMANN i drugi foraminiferi, a od brahiopoda: Cyclothyris? pancici (ANTULA), Sellithyris sella (J. DE C. SOWERBY), Dictyothyris elongata SMIRNOVA i Psilo- thyris tamarindus (J. DE C. SOWERBY). Na osnovu orbitolinidske faune prou~avani kre~waci se pripisu- ju dowem baremu, a do sada se smatralo da su gorwobaremske–dowoaptske starosti. Kqu~ne re~i: orbitolinidi, brahiopodi, biostratigrafija, dowi barem, Prekonozi, isto~na Srbija.

Introduction This work presents information on a part of a Lower Cretaceous sequence that has been dated Upper Barre- Lower Cretaceous sedimentary rocks exposed on the mian/Lower Aptian (KRSTI] et al., 1978, 1980), which southern slopes of Ozren (Prekonozi), south of Sokobanja, is now interpreted using orbitolinids as Lower Barre- belong to the western belt of the Carpatho-Balkanides, mian (POLAVDER, 2004). eastern Serbia. Within the study of the Lower Cretaceous biostratigra- The Lower Cretaceous of Ozren, in the northern part phy based on microfossils, orbitolinids in particular, bra- of Prekonozi syncline, lies continuously over Jurassic chiopods were also collected in the area between Sokoba- limestones and consists of: Valanginian/Hauterivian shal- nja and Ni{ and interpreted in this paper by B. RADULOVI]. low-water limestones, Barremian and Aptian rocks, represented by shallow-water limestones of the Urgonian facies (KRSTI], 1977; KRSTI] et al., 1978, 1980). Biostratigraphy The results of the presented examination agree with the stratigraphical data of the latest integral study by a In a partly exposed Lower Cretaceous succession group of authors from several European countries (CLA- near Prekonozi, POLAVDER (2004) designated three bio- VEL et al., 2002). sequences:

1 Geoinstitute, Rovinjska 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia & Montenegro. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Natural History Museum, Njego{eva 51, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia & Montenegro. E-mail: brad@net. yu 56 SVETLANA POLAVDER & BARBARA RADULOVI]

– Biosequence C, Berriasian in age, represented by FOURY (Pl. 1, Fig. 8), Mayncina bulgarica LEUG, PEY- shallow-water foraminiferal and algal limestones (upper BERNÈS & REY, Charentia cuvilleri NEUMANN, Nautilo- part of the Berriasian column); culina cretacea PEYBERNÈS, Pseudocyclammina cf. lituus – Biosequence E, Upper Hauterivian in age, desig- (YOKOYAMA), Pseudolituonella gavonensis* FOURY (Pl. nated on the abundant orbitolinids, among which the 1, Fig. 7), Everticyclammina sp., Ammobaculites* sp., most important is Valserina primitiva SCHROEDER, CHA- trocholinae, miliolids and other foraminifers, then algae: ROLAIS & CONRAD – the stratigraphical marker of the Clypeina estevezii GRANIER (Pl. 1, Fig. 9), Macroporella Upper Hauterivian; platurloni DRAGASTAN, Salpingoporella sp., Neomeris – Biosequence F, Lower Barremian in age, designated sp., Terqumella sp., fragments of Pseudocymopolia ju- on the orbitolinid species that appear in the Lower Barre- rassica (DRAGASTAN) and fragments of other species. mian and those which disappear in the Lower Barremian. – Two metres of sandy, incoherent bioclastic lime- We studied the Lower Barremian sequence in a sec- stones which bears numerous brachiopods: Cyclothyris? tion, about 25 m thick, exposed along the road from pancici (ANTULA), Sellithyris sella (J. DE C. SOWERBY), Prekonozi to Rsovci (Fig. 1). These are dominantly bio- Dictyothyris elongata SMIRNOVA, and Psilothyris tama- clastic, more or less muddy limestones of the pack- rindus (J. DE C. SOWERBY). Compared with the older stone-floatstone-rudstone type. Layers of the sequence layers of the sequence, limestones with brachiopods are contain in places numerous orbitolinids, especially at much poorer in microfossils, particularly orbitolinids the base of the section, and other foraminifers, appre- (only a few indeterminate sections). In addition to fora- ciable amounts of algae, algal fragments, bryozoans, miniferal species (marked by an asterisk in the list microgastropods and other metazoans, and brachiopods above) the rocks contain: Earlandia? conradi ARNAUD- in one of the layers. VANNEAU, Neotrocholina friburgensis GUILLUME & REI- CHEL, Trocholina alpina (LEUPOLD) and other trocholinae, and the mentioned dasycladales species. – Other bioclastic limestones (about eighteen metres) in this part of the section mainly bear a similar microfossil assemblage as the older brachiopod layers. An important find is the orbitolinid species P.? jourdanensis, which appears some three metres above the brachiopod- bearing layers and can be traced to the end of the section, and most probably a new orbitonilid species – Orbitolinid gen. et sp. indet. (Pl. 1, Fig. 6). Above these limestones, sandstone and marl-sandy deposits devoid of faunal remains occur. This investigated sequence, according to the orbitolinid assemblage, is certainly Lower Barremian in age. The mentioned foraminiferal and algal association has a wider biostratigraphic significance. The lower bo- undary is placed where the foraminiferal assemblage characteristic of the Upper Hauterivian (beds with Val- serina primitiva) disappears and where the orbitolinid species characteristic of the Lower Barremian appear. The species only within the Lower Barremian (A. antiqua) and those disappearing in the Lower Barremian (O. debelmasi, P.? jourdanensis) give the rocks their principal biostratigraphic character. As the newest sam- Fig. 1. Location map of the studied area (asterisk). pled rocks in the column contain P.? jourdanensis, this part of the sequence is Lower Barremian. This latter species in sedimentary rocks younger than the Lower Over the Upper Hauterivian shallow-water lime- Barremian is not mentioned anywhere in the recent volu- stones (layers with Valserina primitiva) upward follow: minous literature on the Lower Cretaceous stratigraphy – About five metres of muddy biolithoclastic lime- (ARNAUD-VANNEAU, 1980; BUCUR et al., 1995; BUCUR, stones abounding in microfossils, orbitolinids in partic- 1997; BECKER, 1999; DAOUD et al., 2004). ular, of which are identified: Alpillina antiqua FOURY (Pl. 1, Figs. 1, 2), Orbitolinopsis debelmasi MOULLADE & THIEULOY (Pl. 1, Figs. 4, 5), O. gr. buccifer ARNAUD- Brachiopods VANNEAU & THIEULOY (Pl. 1, Fig. 3), Paracoskinolina? jourdanensis FOURY & MOULLADE, Paracoskinolina sun- The Brachiopods described in this paper are from the nilandensis (MAYNC), Valserina sp., Pfenderina globosa* part of the sequence composed dominatly of bioclastic Microfossils and brachiopods from the Lower Barremian at Prekonozi, eastern Serbia 57 packstone and very fine silty and clayey limestone and simple subtriangular costae, 6–8 on fold, 5–7 in sulcus. less of grainstone. Fold and sulcus barely perceptible. Because the brachiopod association has a greater range, The shell is composed of two calcitic layers (Fig. the age of this part of the sequence is determined as Lower 3A, B). The primary layer is microgranular, 20 µm Barremian on the basis of the orbitolinid microassocation. thick in the sulci and 30 µm in the ribs. The second- The brachiopod species determined are: Cyclothyris? ary layer is built up of isometric rhombic fibres pancici (ANTULA), Sellithyris sella (J. DE C. SOWERBY), (W = 35–45 µm; T = 8–12 µm). Dictyothyris elongata (SMIRNOVA) and Psilothyris tama- The external features as well as the shell ultrastruc- rindus (J. DE C. SOWERBY). ture (shape and dimensions of the fibres) indicate that Except C.? pancici, which is known from the Upper the specimens belong to a new genus (RADULOVI], Barremian, all the other species have a vertical distri- 2005), a detailed systematic description of which will bution, from Valanginian to Lower Aptian, and are also soon be published. known from many localities (Crnoljevica, ^oka Njalta, It is very common in the Barremian throughout east- Faca Vajali, Mali Izvor) of eastern Serbia. ern Serbia (RADULOVI], 2000, 2003).

Fig. 2. Lower Baremmian brachiopods from Prekonozi, Ozren Mt., eastern Serbia: A–D. Cyclothyris? pancici (ANTULA, 1903), RGF BR 71/7; E–H. Sellithyris sella (J. DE C. SOWERBY, 1823), RGF BR 71/8; I–L. Dictyothyris elongata SMIRNO- VA, 1969, RGF BR 71/9; M–P. Psi- lothyris tamarindus (J. DE C. SO- WERBY 1836), RGF BR 71/10. All specimens in dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views; × 1.9.

Cyclothyris? pancici (ANTULA, 1903) (Fig. 2A–D). Sellithyris sella (J. DE C. SOWERBY, 1823) (Fig. 2E–H). Shell small sized (Lmax= 10.8 mm), nearly as long as Medium-sized shell (L = 14.1, W = 12.8, T = 7.8 mm), wide, spherical, strongly dorsibiconvex, roundly trian- elongated rounded-pentagonal in outline, moderately gular in outline. Maximum width and thickness situat- and nearly equally biconvex. Maximum width at mid- ed at about mid-length. Beak strong, pointed, and sub- valve, maximum thickness in posterior third. Beak sub- erect. Beak ridges very distinct, delimiting a quite wide erect with a mesothyrid subcircular foramen of medi- concave interarea. Hypothyrid foramen small, circular, um size. Beak ridges subangular, short. Symphitium slightly auriculate. Anterior commissure highly and partly hidden. Lateral commissure oblique; anterior roundly uniplicate. Each valve ornamented with 26–28 commissure biplicate. Shell little-folded. 58 SVETLANA POLAVDER & BARBARA RADULOVI]

Fig. 3. Cyclothyris? pancici (ANTULA), Lower Baremmian, Prekonozi, Ozren Mt., eastern Serbia. SEM micrographs of transverse sections of the shells. A. Sulcus of dorsal valve, primary microgranular layer (pl) below, secondary layer with finer fibrous sublayer, overgrown by diagenetic calcite prisms (dcp); specimen RGF BR 71/2. B. Sulcus and two ribs of ventral valve, secondary layer with sublayer of finer fibres in the outermost part of the shell, silicified organic sheet (arrow), primary layer missing; specimen RGF BR 71/2.

Sellithyris sella is first known from the uppermost T = 7.8 mm), rounded pentagonal outline, width greater Valanginian of the Jura region, Northern Caucasus and than length, equally moderately biconvex. Maximum Mangyshalk. It becomes widespread in the Hauterivian width and thickness at mid-length. Beak erect, low and and much less abundant in the Barremian of Europe. wide with small circular mesothyrid foramen. Sharp The species reached its acme in the Lower Aptian. In beak ridges border wide and recessed interarea. An- eastern Serbia, S. sella sporadically occurred in the Lo- terior commissure slightly uniplicate. Median septum wer Barremian of Prekonozi and the Upper Barremian 0.40 of the dorsal valve length. of Crnoljevica (RADULOVI], 2000); in the Lower Aptian The external, internal and ultrastructural features of of Faca Vajali (RADULOVI], 2003) it reached its maxi- this species were recently described in detail by RADU- mum development. LOVI] & RADULOVI] (2002) from the Lower Aptian of Dictyothyris elongata SMIRNOVA, 1968 (Fig. 2I–L). Faca Vajali, Ku~aj Mt., eastern Serbia. Shell medium sized (L = 17.3, W = 13.4, T = 10.2 mm), roundly pentagonal in outline, anterior margin truncat- ed, moderately ventribiconvex. Maximum width and con- Conclusion vexity situated at mid-length. Lateral commissure gen- tly arched ventrally; anterior commissure W-shaped. A part of the Lower Cretaceous series, in Prekonozi Umbo nearly straight, high and pointed with large, cir- section, earlier considered Upper Barremian/Lower Apti- cular, mesothyrid foramen. Beak ridges rounded. Inter- an is presently assigned to the Lower Barremian. This area large, slightly concave. Ventral sulcus rounded and age is determined using the orbitolinid species Alpillina shallow, starting from the umbo, widening toward the antiqua FOURY which appears only in the Lower Barre- anterior margin, separated by rounded folds from mian, and those which disappear in the Lower Barre- flanks. Corresponding dorsal fold rounded, extending mian: Orbitolinopsis debelmasi MOULLADE & THIEULOY from the dorsal umbo to the anterior margin, laterally and Paracoskinolina? jourdanensis FOURY & MOULLADE. bounded by shallow rounded sulci. Layers bearing brachiopods: Cyclothyris? pancici (AN- Ornamentation of fine rounded ribs increasing by TULA), Sellithyris sella (J. DE C. SOWERBY), Dictyothyris intercalation, numbering about 60 at the anterior mar- elongata (SMIRNOVA) and Psilothyris tamarindus (J. DE gin, separated by rounded interspaces as wide as ribs. C. SOWERBY) have a broader biostratigraphic significan- Shell surface densely punctate. ce, determined on orbitolinids also as Lower Barremian. The species was originally described by SMIRNOVA (1968) from the Lower Hauterivian of Northern Cau- casus. In eastern Serbia it is found in the Lower Bar- References remian, so its stratigraphical distribution is extended Psilothyris tamarindus (J. DE C. SOWERBY, 1836) ARNAUD-VANNEAU, A., 1980: Micropaléontologie, paléoéco- (Fig. 2M–P). Shell of medium size (L = 13.8, W = 14.3, logie et sédimentologie d’une plate-forme carbonatée de Microfossils and brachiopods from the Lower Barremian at Prekonozi, eastern Serbia 59

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DAUD, H., BUCUR, I.I., SASARAN, E. & COCIUBA I., 2004: Na{a prou~avawa odnose se na deo dowokrednog Lower Cretaceous limestones from the northern part of stuba, u profilu Prekonozi, koji je do sada smatran Padurea Craiului (Osoiu Hill and Subpiatra sections): iskqu~ivo gorwobaremskim–dowoaptskim, a sada biostratigraphy and preliminary data on microbial stru- se, na osnovu orbitolinidskih vrsta, pripisuje do- cures. Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Geologia, 49 wem baremu. To su, prete`no, bioklasti~ni, vi{e (2): 49–62. ili mawe muqeviti kre~waci tipa pekston–flot- KRSTI], B., 1977: Contributions to the study of East-Serbian ston–radston. Slojevi ove sekvence sadrè orbito- stratigraphy and structural geology. 4. Ozren complex linide, naro~ito u bazalnom delu profila, uz koje fold. Zapisnici Srpskog geolo{kog dru{tva za 1975. i se javqaju i drugi foraminiferi, alge, fragmenati 1976. godinu, 257–267 (in Serbian). algi, briozoe, mikrogastropodi i drugi metazoi. U KRSTI], B., RAKI], B., VESELINOVI], M., DOLI], D., RAKI], jednom od tih slojeva na|ena je i brahiopodska fau- M., ANDJELKOVI], J. & BANKOVI], V., 1978: Base Geolo- na: Cyclothyris? pancici (ANTULA), Sellithyris sella (J. gical map of Yugoslavia, Sheet Aleksinac 1:100 000.Sa- DE C. SOWERBY), Dictyothyris elongata SMIRNOVA i Psi- vezni geolo{ki zavod, Beograd. lothyris tamarindus (J. DE C. SOWERBY). Konstatovane KRSTI], B., VESELINOVI], M., DIVLJAN, M. & RAKI], M., su, mestimi~no brojne, orbitolinide: Alpillina anti- 1980: Explanatory booklet, Sheet Aleksinac 1:100000. Sa- qua FOURY, Orbitolinopsis debelmasi MOULLADE & vezni geolo{ki zavod, 1–55, Beograd. THIEULOY, O. gr. buccifer ARNAUD-VANNEAU &THIEU- POLAVDER, S., 2004. Lower Cretaceous microfossil and bios- LOY, Paracoskinolina? jourdanensis FOURY & MOUL- tratigraohy of the Gornjak–Suva Planina Zone between LADE, P. sunnilandensis (MAYNC), Valserina sp., i druge Sokobanja and Ni{, eastern Serbia. Unpublished Doctoral foraminifere: Pfenderina globosa FOURY, Mayncina thesis, Univerzitet u Beogradu, 1–140 (in Serbian). bulgarica LEUG, PEYBERNÈS & REY, Charentia cuvillieri RADULOVI], B., 2000. Contribution to the study of Lower NEUMANN, Nautiloculina cretacea PEYBERNÈS, Pseudo- Cretaceous brachiopods of Crnoljevica (eastern Serbia) cyclammina cf. lituus (YOKOYAMA), Pseudolituonella ga- and their stratigraphic importance. Geološki anali Balkan- vonensis FOURY, Earlandia? conradi ARNAUD-VANNEAU, skoga poluostrva, 63 (1999): 119–134, Beograd. Neotrocholina friburgensis GUILLUME & REICHEL, Tro- RADULOVI], B., 2003. Lower Cretaceous brachiopods from cholina alpina (LEUPOLD), Everticyclammina sp., Ammo- the Ku~aj–Svrljig Zone (eastern Serbia). Unpublished baculites sp., troholine, miliolide, zatim alge: Cly- M.Sc. thesis, Univerzitet u Beogradu, 1–83 (in Serbian). peina estevezii GRANIER, Rajkaella subtilis DRAGASTAN, RADULOVI], B., 2005. A New Rhynchonellid Brachiopod Ge- Actinoporella podolica (ALTH), Macroporella platurloni nus from the Late Barremian of Eastern Serbia: Type spe- DRAGASTAN, Salpingoporella sp., Neomeris sp., Terqu- cies Rhynchonella pancici ANTULA, 1903. Fifth Interna- mella sp., fragmenti Pseudocymopolia jurassica (DRA- tional Brachiopod Congres, Abstracts, p. 46, Copenhagen. GASTAN) kao i fragmenti drugih vrsta. RADULOVI], V. & RADULOVI], B., 2002. Internal homeomor- Ovaj deo analizirane sekvence, na osnovu asoci- phy in some Lower Cretaceous brachiopod genera (Tere- jacije orbitolinida, je nesumqivo dowobaremske bratellidina) from the Carpatho-Balkanides, eastern Serbia. starosti. Ve}ina foraminifera, algi kao i bra- Eclogae geologicae Helvetia, 95 (2002): 401–413. hiopodska asocijacija ima {iri biostratigrafski SMIRNOVA, T.N., 1968. About the occurrence of shells of the zna~aj. Dowa granica odre|ena je na osnovu nes- genus Dictyothyris DOUVILLÉ in Lower Cretaceous sedi- tanka foraminiferske zajednice karakteristi~ne ments of the Crimea. Vestnik MGU, 4: 59–64 (in Russian). za gorwi otriv (slojevi sa Valserina primitiva), a 60 SVETLANA POLAVDER & BARBARA RADULOVI] pojavom orbitolinidskih vrsta karakteristi~nih ispitivane sekvence je dowobaremska. U vrlo za dowi barem. Osnovno biostratigrafsko obe- obimnoj, novijoj literaturi o stratigrafiji dowe le`je daju vrste koje su ograni~ene samo na dowi krede, P.? jourdanensis nije poznata u sedimentima barem (A. antiqua), kao i one koje i{~ezavaju u mla|im od doweg barema (ARNAUD-VANNEAU, 1980; dowem baremu (O. debelmasi, P.? jourdanensis). Kako BUCUR et al., 1995; BUCUR, 1997; BECKER, 1999; najmla|e oprobavani sedimenti ispitivanog stuba DAOUD et al., 2004), pa se moè zakqu~iti da je sadrè vrstu P.? jourdanensis starost ovog dela prou~avana serija dowobaremske starosti.

PLATE 1

Figs. 1, 2. Alpillina antiqua FOURY. 1. Subaxial section; sample S 393. 2. Transverse section; sample S 393.

Fig. 3. Paracoskinolina? jourdanensis FOURY & MOULLADE. Axial section; sample S 398.

Figs. 4, 5. Orbitolinopsis debelmasi MOULLADE & THIEULOY. 4. Subaxial section; sample S 393. 5. Transverse section; sample S 393. Fig. 6. Orbitolinid gen. et sp. indet. Subaxial section; sample S 403.

Fig. 7. Pseudolituonella gavonensis FOURY. Subaxial section; sample S 400.

Fig. 8. Pfenderina globosa (FOURY). Transverse section; sample S 394.

Fig. 9. Clypeina estevezii GRANIER. Sample S 401. All × 52, except Fig. 7 which is × 60. Microfossils and brachiopods from the Lower Barremian at Prekonozi, eastern Serbia 61