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Agreed Syllabus Glossary 2018 The Agreed Syllabus for Religious Education 2018-2022 GLOSSARY OF TERMS Buddhism Christianity Hinduism Humanism Islam Judaism Sikhism This glossary is based on the Northamptonshire Agreed Syllabus for Religious Education 2011 The Agreed Syllabus for Religious Education 2018-2022 Buddhism Glossary Abhidhamma Pitaka Asoka Buddha As Buddhism spread throughout the East, Abhidharma Pitaka Ashoka Buddha it came to be expressed in many different This is the third of the three principal Emperor of India in the 3rd century Awakened or Enlightened One. languages. Terms in the Sanskrit and Pali sections of the canon of basic BCE. of India are in most common use in the scripture. It is a systematic, Dalai Lama (Tibetan) West, although Japanese and Tibetan philosophical and psychological Atta Great Ocean. Spiritual and temporal terms also occur frequently. Pali is the treatment of the teachings given in Atman leader of the Tibetan people. language of the texts of the Theravada the Sutta Pitaka. Self; soul. school, whilst Sanskrit is used for general Amitabha Amitayus (Sanskrit) Dana Mahayana. Zen Buddhism uses terms Also, Amida (Japanese). Buddhas Bhikkhu Dana expressed in Japanese, and Tibetan having unlimited light and life Bhikshu Generosity; giving; gift. Buddhism, Tibetan. There is no preferred respectively. Fully ordained Buddhist monk. form. For convenience, the Pali term Dhamma appears first, followed by the Sanskrit, Anapanasati Bhikkhuni Dharma except where otherwise indicated. Anapanasmrti Bhikshuni Universal law; ultimate truth. The Italicised phrases represent a literal Mindfulness of the breath. The Fully ordained Buddhist nun. teachings of the Buddha. A key translation. Bold type indicates that this is practice most usually associated with Buddhist term. also a glossary entry. the development of concentration and Bodhi Tree (Pali) calm, but also used in the training of The tree (ficus religiosa) under which Dhammapada Abhidhamma Vipassana (insight). the Buddha realised Enlightenment. It Dharmapada Abhidharma is known as the Tree of Wisdom. Famous scripture of 423 verses. Further or higher teaching. The Anatta philosophy and psychology of Anatman Bodhisatta (Pali) Dukkha Buddhism in abstract, systematic No self; no soul. Insubstantiality; A Wisdom Being. One intent on Duhkha form. denial of a real or permanent self. becoming, or destined to become, a Suffering; ill; unsatisfactoriness; Buddha. Gotama, before his imperfection. The nature of existence Anicca Enlightenment as the historical according to the first Noble Truth. Anitya Buddha. Impermanence; transience. Instability Gompa (Tibetan) of all things, including the self. Bodhisattva (Sanskrit) Monastery; place of meditation. A being destined for Enlightenment, Arahat, Arahant who postpones final attainment of Gotama Arhat Buddhahood in order to help living Gautama Enlightened disciple. The fourth and beings (see Mahayana). Family name of the Buddha. highest stage of Realisation recognised by the Theravada Brahma Viharas (Pali) Jataka (Pali) tradition. One whose mind is free The four sublime states: loving Birth story. Accounts of the previous from all greed, hatred and ignorance. kindness, compassion, sympathetic lives of the Buddha. joy, and evenness of mind. 1 The Agreed Syllabus for Religious Education 2018-2022 Jhana Koan (Japanese) Mala (Pali) Panna Dhyana A technical term used in Zen Also, Juzu (Japanese). String of 108 Prajna Also Ch'an (Chinese) and Zen Buddhism referring to enigmatic or beads used in Buddhist practice (like Wisdom. Understanding the true (Japanese). Advanced meditation. paradoxical questions used to develop a rosary). nature of things. intuition. Also refers to religious Kamma problems encountered in daily life. Metta Parami Karma Maitri Paramita Action. Intentional actions that affect Kwan-yin (Chinese) Loving kindness. A pure love which is A perfection or virtue. One of the six one's circumstances in this and future Also, Kannon (Japanese). Bodhisattva neither grasping nor possessive. or ten perfections necessary for the lives. The Buddha's insistence that the of Compassion, depicted in female attainment of Buddhahood. effect depends on volition marks the form. Identified with Bodhisattva Metta Sutta (Pali) Buddhist treatment of kamma as Avalokitesvara. Buddhist scripture which describes Parinibbana different from the Hindu understanding the nature of loving kindness. Parinirvana of karma Lama (Tibetan) Final and complete nirvana reached Teacher, or one who is revered. Metteya at the passing away of a Buddha. Karuna Maitreya Karuna Lotus Sutra (Sanskrit) One who has the nature of loving Patimokkha Compassion. A scripture of major importance to kindness. Name of the future Buddha. Pratimoksha various schools within the Mahayana The training rules of a monk or nun - Kesa (Japanese) The robe of a Buddhist monk, nun, or tradition. It describes the virtues of Mudda 227 in the case of a Theravada monk. priest. the Bodhisattva, and emphasises that Mudra all sentient beings possess Buddha- Ritual gesture, as illustrated by the Pitaka (Pali) Khandha nature and can attain Enlightenment hands of Buddha images. Basket. Collection of scriptures (see (Nirvana). Tipitaka). Skandha Heap; aggregate. The Five Khandhas Mudita together make up the 'person' (form, Magga Mudita Rupa feeling, perception, mental formation and Marga Sympathetic joy. Welcoming the good Rupa consciousness). Path, leading to cessation of fortune of others. Form. Used of an image of the suffering. The fourth Noble Truth. Buddha; also, the first of the Five Khanti Nibbana Khandhas. Kshanti Mahayana Nirvana Patience; forbearance. Great Way or Vehicle. Teachings that Blowing out of the fires of greed, Sakyamuni spread from India into Tibet, parts of hatred and ignorance, and the state Shakyamuni Asia and the Far East, characterised of secure perfect peace that follows. Sage of the Shakyas (the tribe of the Kilesa by the Bodhisattva ideal and the A key Buddhist term. Buddha). Title of the historical prominence given to the development Buddha. Klesa Mental defilement or fire, such as of both compassion and wisdom. Nirodha Nirodha greed, hatred or ignorance. Cessation (of suffering). The third Noble Truth. 2 The Agreed Syllabus for Religious Education 2018-2022 Samadhi Sanna Theravada Vedana (Pali) Samadhi Samjna Sthaviravada Feeling. The second of the Five Meditative absorption. A state of Perception. Third of the five Way of the elders. A principal school of Khandhas. deep meditation. Khandhas. Buddhism, established in Sri Lanka and South East Asia. Also found in the West. Vihara (Pali) Samatha Satori (Japanese) Dwelling place; monastery. Samatha Awakening. A term used in Zen Thupa/Cetiya A state of concentrated calmness; Buddhism. Stupa Vinaya (Pali) meditation (see Vipassana). Reliquary(including pagodas). The rules of discipline of monastic Siddattha life. Samsara Siddhartha Tipitaka Samsara Wish-fulfilled. The personal name of the Tripitaka Vinaya Pitaka (Pali) Everyday life. The continual round of historical Buddha. Three baskets. A threefold collection of The first of the three collections of the birth, sickness, old age and death which texts (Vinaya, Sutta, Abhidhamma). canon of basic scripture, containing can be transcended by following the Sila mostly the discipline for monks and Eightfold Path and Buddhist teaching. Sila Tiratana nuns, with many stories and some Morality. Triratna teachings. Samudaya The triple refuge. Buddha, the Dhamma Samudaya Sutta and the Sangha. Another way of Vinnana Arising; origin (of suffering). The Sutra referring to the three jewels. Vijnana second Noble Truth. Text. The word of the Buddha. Consciousness. The fifth of the Five Tulku (Tibetan) Khandhas. Sangha Sutta Pitaka Reincarnated Lama. Sangha Sutra Pitaka Vipassana Community; assembly. Often used for the The second of the three collections - Upaya (Pali) Vipashyana order of bhikkhus and bhikkunis in principally of teachings - that comprise the Any skilful means, eg meditation on Insight into the true nature of things. A Theravadin countries. In the Mahayana canon of basic scripture. loving kindness, to overcome anger. particular form of meditation (see countries, the Sangha includes lay Samatha). devotees and priests, eg in Japan. Tanha Upekkha Trishna Upeksa Viriya Sankhara Thirst; craving; desire (rooted in Equanimity; evenness of mind. Virya Samskara ignorance). Desire as the cause of Energy; exertion. Mental/karmic formation. The fourth of suffering. The second Noble Truth. Vajrayana (Sanskrit) Thunderbolt; Diamond Way. Teachings promulgated the five Khandhas. Tathagata later, mainly in India and Tibet. Another Tathagata term for esoteric Buddhism. Another epithet for the Buddha. 3 The Agreed Syllabus for Religious Education 2018-2022 Wesak Vesak (Sinhalese) Buddha Day. Name of a festival and a month. On the full moon of Wesak (in May or June), the birth, Enlightenment and passing away of the Buddha took place, although some schools celebrate only the birth at this time, e.g. Zen. Zazen (Japanese) Meditation while seated, as in Zen Buddhism. Zen (Japanese) Meditation. Derived from the Sanskrit 'dhyana'. A school of Mahayana Buddhism that developed in China and Japan. 4 The Agreed Syllabus for Religious Education 2018-2022 Christianity Advent Apocryphal New Testament BC (Before Christ) Glossary Coming. The period beginning on the A modern title for various early Period of history before the estimated fourth Sunday before Christmas (40 Christian books which are non- birth of Jesus Christ.
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