Northern Saskatchewan August 2016
Health Indicators
Social Determinants
of Health:
Living and Working Conditions
Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Table of Contents Table of Contents ...... 2 Key Messages ...... 3 Determinants of Health ...... 5 Living and Working Conditions by Health Authority ...... 7 Living and Working Conditions by Community ...... 15 Appendix A – Data Notes ...... 25 1. Data Sources ...... 25 2. Definitions ...... 25 3. NHS Global Non-response Rate (GNRs) and Data Suppression, 2011 ...... 28 4. Data Suppression for Northern Saskatchewan Census Subdivisions, 2011 Census of Population ...... 30 Appendix B – Glossary of Acronyms ...... 31 Appendix C – Index of Figures ...... 32 Appendix D - References ...... 33
Refer to A Guide to the Reports: Understanding the Presentation of Data for an explanation of the variety of ways data is presented.
Suggested reference: Irvine J, Quinn B. Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators, Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions. Athabasca Health Authority, Keewatin Yatthé Health Region and Mamawetan Churchill River Health Region. Population Health Unit, La Ronge, 2016.
Copies of this document and related reports can be downloaded from the Population Health Unit website www.pophealthnorthsask.ca
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 2 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Key Messages Income Median after-tax income in those aged 15 years and over in northern Saskatchewan in 2010 was $16,860, around 40% lower than the province as a whole. The proportion of total income coming from government transfers in northern Saskatchewan health authorities ranges from 18.7 to 28%, compared to 11.5 to 12.4% in Saskatchewan and Canada, respectively. The northern health authorities have greater proportions of their populations in the first two adjusted after-tax Canadian family income deciles, and smaller proportions of their populations in the last six deciles compared to either Saskatchewan or Canada, who have very similar proportions. Overall, this indicates that a greater proportion of northerners have much lower income levels then their provincial and national counterparts. The prevalence of low income in off-reserve private households in northern Saskatchewan in 2010 was between 24 and 48%, across various age groups. This was between 1.5 and 2.3 times greater than the corresponding provincial rate.
Education Northern Saskatchewan had three times the provincial rate of individuals aged 25-64 years without a certificate, diploma, or degree. Northern Saskatchewan also had lower rates of individuals with all other types of educational qualifications (e.g. high school, trades, college, and university) compared to the province.
Employment The employment rate in Saskatchewan, 65%, is between 55 and 97% higher than the employment rates in the northern Saskatchewan health authorities. The long-term unemployment rates in the northern Saskatchewan health authorities range between 3.3 and 15.6%, which are between 3.3 and 5.2 times higher than the provincial rate of 3%.
Gradients in socioeconomic indicators There appear to be gradients in many socioeconomic indicators such as income, education and employment rates in which northerners tend to attain lower levels compared to the province and country. Subsequently, within each of these geographic areas, individuals who self-identify as Aboriginal tend to attain lower levels then the regions as a whole.
Housing In Saskatchewan and Canada, around 70% of private dwellings are owned by the household. In the northern Saskatchewan health authorities, this number drops to between 21 and 44%. Northern Saskatchewan health authorities had between 2.5 and 4.3 times the proportion of dwellings requiring major repair, and between 4.8 and 11.4 times the rates of crowding.
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 3 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Language Between 44 and 84% of the population in the northern health authorities reported having an Aboriginal language as their mother tongue, and between 28 and 71% reported that an Aboriginal language was the language they spoke most often at home.
Variations among communities Northern communities share many commonalities; however they also vary greatly among one another in terms of their social determinants of health such as income, education, and employment levels, as well as their housing conditions and use of Aboriginal languages. For many of these indicators, some communities score as good, or better, than the province as a whole, while other communities struggle with rates that are up to 25 times worse than the province.
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 4 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Determinants of Health In Canada, there are 12 factors recognized as the key determinants of health, including income and social status, social support networks, education and literacy, employment and working conditions, social environments, physical environments including both the natural and built environments, personal health practices and coping skills, healthy child development, biology and genetic endowment, health services, gender and culture 1.
It is recognized that the determinants of health do not act in isolation from one another, but rather interact with each other to have combined and interrelated effects on the health of the population 2. This is most notable for chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and cancer, which have multiple risk factors and usually require many years to develop. This extended development period provides ample time for the determinants of health to be involved in complex interactions with each other, the individual, and the environment in the development of the disease. Therefore, care must be taken to look at a variety of health determinants to get a more complete picture of the root causes of diseases.
Research has illustrated that the impact between the social determinants of health and health status is not just between the advantaged and disadvantaged, but rather there is a clear social gradient that is seen at each level throughout society 3. It has been suggested that part of this gradient-effect may be explained by a person’s ‘control over (their own) destiny 4. According to Syme 4,5, a person with lower social class has fewer opportunities, resources, skills and training to influence events that affect their lives. Regardless of exactly how income and social status impact health, it is clear the relationship is strong and very complex.
There are many models and frameworks that visually depict the determinants of health 6. One of the most widely used is the “Wider determinants of health model” created by Dahlgren and Whitehead 7. Although there are slight differences between the various models, they all show how the determinants of health are connected to society as a whole.
Figure 1: Wider determinants of health
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 5 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
There are also determinants of health that are more closely linked to the Aboriginal peoples, including factors such as self-determination, culture, language and heritage, and colonization. The First Nations Wholistic Policy and Planning Model pictured below highlights some of these key characteristics 8.
Figure 2: First Nations Wholistic Policy and Planning Model
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 6 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Living and Working Conditions by Health Authority
Figure 4: Median after-tax income, population aged 15 and over, by region, 2010
35,000
30,000 28,792 27,334
25,000
20,000 tax tax income ($) - 17,320 16,860 16,850
15,000 13,374
Medianafter 10,000
populationaged 15 yrsand over
5,000
0 Sask Canada KY North MCR AHA
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile Catalogue no. 82-228-XWE, Prepared by PHU, May 2014
Figure 3: Percent of total income from government transfers by region, population aged 15 years and
over, 2010
30 28
25 21.8 21.2 20 18.7
15 12.4 11.5
10
5
0 populationaged 15 yearsand over2010 Sask Canada MCR AHA North KY
%of total income fromgovernment transfers, Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile Catalogue no. 82-228-XWE, Prepared by PHU, May 2014
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 7 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Figure 5: Proportion of population by Canadian decile of adjusted after-tax family income, by region, 2010
40
35
30
25
20 tax tax family income -
15 after %of total population by Canadiandecile of adjusted 10
5
0 decile 1 decile 2 decile 3 decile 4 decile 5 decile 6 decile 7 decile 8 decile 9 decile 10
Sask 11.0 10.6 10.0 9.4 9.3 9.7 9.9 10.4 10.1 9.6 North 33.1 17.7 10.6 8.7 5.5 5.6 6.0 4.9 4.4 3.7 MCR 36.6 15.7 10.8 8.2 5.5 5.0 4.6 4.8 4.5 4.3 KY 26.6 21.9 10.7 9.4 4.9 6.1 8.4 5.0 4.1 2.8
AHA 31.2 17.1 8.4 10.0 7.1 8.7 7.6 4.8 4.5 1.3 Canada 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0
Source: 2011 NHS Profile 99-014-X2011016, Prepared by PHU, July 2014
Figure 6: Prevalence of low income (after-tax low-income measure) in off-reserve private households, by region and age group, 2010
60
50
40
30
20
reserve privatehouseholds (%) Prevalenceof low incomein
- 10 off 0 Less than 6 years Less than 18 years 18 to 64 years 65 years and over Total Sask 20.7 17.8 12.1 16.1 14 North 48 40.4 26.2 24 31 MCR 46.7 38.2 19.7 21.2 26 KY 49.5 43.2 34.1 25.5 36.7 AHA 33.3 31.8 27.3 42.9 30.1
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile Catalogue no. 82-228-XWE, Prepared by PHU, May 2014
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 8 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Figure 7: Levels of education by region, population aged 25-64 years of age, 2011
80
70
64 yrs yrs 64 - 60 50 40 30 20 10
% total population aged 25 aged population % total 0 College, University University Apprentice- CEGEP or No certificate, High school certificate or certificate, ship or trades other non- Bachelor's diploma or diploma or diploma diploma or certificate or university degree degree equivalent below degree above diploma certificate or bachelor level bachelor level diploma Sask 15.4 27.3 14.1 19.1 4.5 14.4 5.3
North 46.4 18.2 11.7 11.3 3.6 6.9 1.9 MCR 40.8 18.0 14.0 13.1 3.8 7.9 2.3 KY 53.0 20.3 7.6 8.9 3.3 5.5 1.2 AHA 66.8 11.1 10.1 5.5 2.5 3.5 0.0
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile Catalogue no. 82-228-XWE, Prepared by PHU, May 2014
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 9 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Figure 8: Employment rate, population aged 15 years and over, by region, 2011
70 65.1
60.9
60
50
42.1 38.9 40 37.2 33.1
30
20
%population aged 15 yearsand over 10
0 Sask Canada NorthSask MCR KY AHA
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile Catalogue no. 82-228-XWE, Prepared by PHU, May 2014
Figure 9: Long-term unemployment rate, population aged 15 years and over, by region 2011
20
15.6 16
12 9.8 9.9
7.8 8
4.3 4 3
%of forcelabor aged 15 overandthat were unemployedthe previousin and current year 0
Sask Canada North MCR KY AHA
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile Catalogue no. 82-228-XWE, Prepared by PHU, May 2014
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 10 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Figure 10: Median after-tax income, population aged 15 years and over, by region and Aboriginal identity, 2010
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000 tax income population aged 15 aged population income tax
years and over ($) over and years 10,000 -
5,000
0
Median after Median Canada Sask NorthSask* Canada Sask NorthSask* Aboriginal Aboriginal Aboriginal Income ($) 27,334 20,060 28,792 17,866 16,963 13,946 Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011016 and 99-011-X2011007, Prepared by PHU, Mar 2015 *Div18 used as NorthSK Figure 11: Levels of education, population aged 25-64 years of age, by Aboriginal identity, 2011
60
50
yrs 64 - 40 30 20 10 0 University College, University Apprentice- certificate, No CEGEP or certificate or High school ship or diploma or certificate, other non- diploma Bachelor's diploma or trades degree diploma or university below degree equivalent certificate or above degree certificate or bachelor % total population aged 25 aged population % total diploma bachelor diploma level level Can 12.7 23.2 12.1 21.3 4.9 16.5 9.4 Can Aboriginal 28.9 22.8 14.4 20.6 3.5 7.0 2.8 Sask 15.4 27.3 14.1 19.1 4.5 14.4 5.3 Sask Aboriginal 33.5 24.3 13.4 15.4 4.0 7.8 1.7 NorthSask* 45.3 18.3 11.9 11.6 4.0 6.9 1.9 NorthSask* Aboriginal 53.1 17.6 10.8 9.6 3.8 4.5 0.6
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Profile 99-014-X2011016 and 99-011-X2011007, Prepared by PHU, Dec 2015 *Div18 used as NorthSK
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 11 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Figure 12: Employment rate, population aged 15 years and over, by region and Aboriginal identity, 2011
70
60
50
40
30
20 Employment rate rate Employment
10
population aged 15 years and over (%) over and years 15 aged population 0 Canada Sask NorthSask* Canada Sask NorthSask* Aboriginal Aboriginal Aboriginal Employment rate 60.9 52.1 65.1 46.8 38.4 32.4
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011016 and 99-011-X2011007, Prepared by PHU, Mar 2015 *Div18 used as NorthSK
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 12 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Figure 13: Private households by region and tenure, 2011
100
90
80
70
60
50 40
%private households 30 20 10 0 Canada Sask NorthSask MCR KY AHA
Band housing 0.4 2.8 33.7 35.4 26.6 59.4 Renter 30.6 24.7 26.0 21.0 35.7 18.9
Owner 69.0 72.6 40.3 43.6 37.8 20.8 Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile Catalogue no. 82-228-XWE, Prepared by PHU, Dec 2015
Figure 14: Occupied private dwelling characteristics by region, 2011
Saskatchewan North MCR KY AHA
50 45.7
40
28.3 30 27.1 27.7 23.6
% % dwellings of 17.8 20 15.5 10.7 9.8 10
2.1 0 Dwellings requiring major repair Dwellings with more than one person per room
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile Catalogue no. 82-228-XWE, Prepared by PHU, May 2014
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 13 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Figure 15: Aboriginal language as mother tongue and spoken most often at home by northern health authority, 2011
Canada Saskatchewan NorthSask MCR KY AHA
90 83.8 80 70.8 70 60 48.9 51.2 50 44.1 40 32.9 35.2 % populationof 27.7 30 20
10 0.5 3.0 0.3 1.7 0 Aboriginal language as mother tongue Aboriginal language spoken most often at home
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 Census Health profile Catalogue no. 82-228-XWE, Prepared by PHU, May 2014
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 14 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Living and Working Conditions by Community
Figure 16: Median after-tax income, population aged 15 and over, by census subdivision, 2010
Buffalo Narrows 32,401 Creighton 29,299 Saskatchewan 28,792 Denare Beach 28,012 Canada 27,334 Beauval 18,904 KY 17,320 Pinehouse 16,986 Division No. 18 16,963 North 16,860 MCR 16,850 Wapachewunak 192D 16,563 Fond du Lac 227 15,726 La Loche 14,396 Kitsakie 156B 13,474 AHA 13,374 Sucker River 156C 12,861 Stanley 157 12,539 Grandmother's Bay 219 12,068 Lac La Ronge 156 12,063 Sandy Bay 11,785 Southend 200 11,409 Buffalo River Dene Nation 193 10,399 Pelican Narrows 10,379 Clearwater River Dene 222 10,016 Chicken 224 9,825 Morin Lake 217 9,522 Canoe Lake 165 9,491 Lac La Hache 220 9,258 Kimosom Pwatinahk 203 7,118 Montreal Lake 106 6,929 Pelican Narrows 184B 6,107 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 Median after-tax income, population aged 15 years and over ($)
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile no. 82-228-XWE & 2011 NHS Profile 99-014-X2011016, Prepared by PHU, Dec 2014
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 15 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Figure 17: Percent of total income from government transfers by census subdivision, population aged
15 years and over, 2010
Pelican Narrows 184B 47 Sandy Bay 45.9 La Loche 43.6 Montreal Lake 106 39.8 Morin Lake 217 38 Kimosom Pwatinahk 203 35.7 Sucker River 156C 34.2 Kitsakie 156B 33.5 Clearwater River Dene 222 33.4 Pelican Narrows 33 Canoe Lake 165 32.7 Beauval 30 Lac La Hache 220 29.5 Lac La Ronge 156 28.5 KY 28 Chicken 224 27.5 Southend 200 26.5 Stanley 157 26.1 Pinehouse 26 Buffalo River Dene Nation 193 25.6 Grandmother's Bay 219 24.7 Wapachewunak 192D 23.4 Division No. 18 22.5 North 21.8 AHA 21.2 Fond du Lac 227 18.9 MCR 18.7 Buffalo Narrows 16.1 Canada 12.4 Denare Beach 11.7 Saskatchewan 11.5 Creighton 9.1 0 10 20 30 40 50 % total income coming from government transfers, population aged 15 years and over
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile no. 82-228-XWE & 2011 NHS Profile 99-014-X2011016, Prepared by PHU, Dec 2014
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 16 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Figure 18: Proportion of population by Canadian decile of adjusted after-tax family income, by census subdivision, 2010 (sorted alphabetically) Decile Decile Decile Decile Decile Decile Decile Decile Decile Decile Name 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 AHA 31.2 17.1 8.4 10.0 7.1 8.7 7.6 4.8 4.5 1.3 Beauval 19.2 18.5 16.6 3.3 3.3 13.2 9.3 0.0 11.9 3.3 Buffalo Narrows 10.8 17.3 6.9 21.6 8.7 5.2 1.7 8.2 12.1 7.8 Buffalo River Dene Nation 193 54.2 11.8 3.9 7.8 3.9 3.9 4.6 2.6 4.6 2.0 Canada 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 Canoe Lake 165 45.5 22.4 8.4 5.6 4.2 2.8 3.5 7.7 0.0 1.4 Chicken 224 40.1 19.3 9.4 6.1 7.5 5.7 3.8 4.2 2.8 0.0 Clearwater River Dene 222 49.1 19.5 7.5 8.8 4.4 4.4 1.9 0.0 1.9 1.3 Creighton 10.0 3.0 12.7 9.0 9.7 7.7 8.0 12.0 14.4 13.4 Denare Beach 22.4 6.7 6.0 9.7 6.7 7.5 8.2 10.4 14.2 8.2 Division No. 18 33.1 17.6 11.1 8.6 5.8 5.5 5.7 4.7 4.2 3.7 Fond du Lac 227 23.6 15.7 9.0 13.5 6.2 9.6 11.2 4.5 3.4 2.2 Grandmother's Bay 219 49.3 17.9 10.4 6.0 4.5 3.0 3.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 Kimosom Pwatinahk 203 53.8 18.9 9.7 8.4 4.6 1.7 0.0 0.0 2.1 0.8 Kitsakie 156B 35.5 15.1 17.5 12.7 6.0 4.8 6.0 1.2 1.2 0.0 KY 26.6 21.9 10.7 9.4 4.9 6.1 8.4 5.0 4.1 2.8 La Loche 21.9 32.8 13.9 7.2 5.7 3.8 7.8 2.9 1.9 2.1 Lac La Hache 220 28.7 26.7 19.1 6.4 8.0 2.8 4.8 4.0 0.0 0.0 Lac La Ronge 156 39.9 21.9 12.0 8.6 6.3 2.9 4.4 1.6 1.6 0.8 MCR 36.6 15.7 10.8 8.2 5.5 5.0 4.6 4.8 4.5 4.3 Montreal Lake 106 65.8 16.8 4.6 5.6 1.5 1.0 2.6 1.0 0.0 1.0 Morin Lake 217 47.6 20.7 15.2 6.2 2.1 6.2 1.4 1.4 0.0 0.0 North 33.1 17.7 10.6 8.7 5.5 5.6 6.0 4.9 4.4 3.7 Pelican Narrows 51.4 17.7 9.4 7.7 1.1 5.5 2.8 1.7 1.1 1.1 Pelican Narrows 184B 63.7 15.3 5.8 6.6 4.5 1.8 1.1 0.5 0.5 0.8 Pinehouse 25.1 16.3 9.3 11.5 10.6 11.0 7.0 5.3 3.5 0.0 Sandy Bay 47.6 22.4 8.9 8.1 6.5 0.8 2.8 1.6 0.8 0.0 Saskatchewan 11.0 10.6 10.0 9.4 9.3 9.7 9.9 10.4 10.1 9.6 Southend 200 40.9 11.6 13.8 7.2 6.6 6.6 4.4 5.5 3.3 0.0 Stanley 157 39.7 24.3 9.5 10.5 3.7 4.9 1.8 3.4 1.5 0.9 Sucker River 156C 45.0 23.8 12.5 8.8 2.5 0.0 2.5 2.5 0.0 2.5 Wapachewunak 192D 25.0 21.9 13.5 7.3 5.2 6.3 6.3 6.3 3.1 5.2
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile no. 82-228-XWE & 2011 NHS Profile 99-014-X2011016, Prepared by PHU, Mar 2016
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 17 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Figure 19: Prevalence of low income (after-tax low-income measure) in off-reserve private households, by census subdivision and age group, 2010 (sorted alphabetically)
Less than Less than 18 to 64 65 years Name Total 6 years 18 years years and over AHA 30.1 33.3 31.8 27.3 42.9 Beauval 33.1 42.1 30.9 35.8 25 Buffalo Narrows 22.5 44.4 25 18.9 33.3 Canada 14.9 18.1 17.3 14.4 13.4 Creighton 10.7 47.1 20 6.3 15.8 Denare Beach 26.9 46.2 35.1 24.1 21.4 Division No. 18 31.3 51.2 41.5 26 23.4 KY 36.7 49.5 43.2 34.1 25.5 La Loche 45.9 55.6 53.3 41.6 29.4 MCR 26 46.7 38.2 19.7 21.2 North 31 48 40.4 26.2 24 Pelican Narrows 66.1 75 68.5 60 85.7 Pinehouse 34.1 38.2 35 33.6 28.6 Saskatchewan 14 20.7 17.8 12.1 16.1
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile no. 82-228-XWE & 2011 NHS Profile 99-014-X2011016, Prepared by PHU, Mar 2016
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 18 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Figure 20: Levels of education by census subdivision, % population aged 25-64 years of age, 2011 (sorted alphabetically)
Non- Total University University Below Apprentice- university population High below bachelor Name Type High ship or certificate school bachelor level or aged 25 to School trades or level above 64 years diploma
AHA HA 995 66.8 11.1 10.1 5.5 2.5 4.0 Beauval NV 300 41.7 16.7 26.7 5.0 0.0 10.0 Brabant Lake S-É 25 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Buffalo Narrows NV 545 32.1 38.5 5.5 12.8 3.7 9.2 Buffalo River Dene Nation 193 IRI 355 66.2 9.9 7.0 5.6 0.0 9.9 Canada C 18,383,920 12.7 23.2 12.1 21.3 4.9 25.9 Canoe Lake 165 IRI 270 63.0 11.1 5.6 13.0 3.7 5.6 Chicken 224 IRI 435 66.7 9.2 14.9 4.6 2.3 2.3 Clearwater River Dene 222 IRI 320 65.6 14.1 9.4 3.1 0.0 4.7 Cole Bay NH 90 83.3 11.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Creighton T 805 18.0 36.0 19.9 15.5 6.2 4.3 Denare Beach NV 360 19.4 31.9 16.7 16.7 2.8 11.1 Division No. 18 CD 15,710 45.3 18.3 11.9 11.6 4.0 8.8 Fond du Lac 227 IRI 365 74.0 11.0 5.5 4.1 2.7 4.1 Grandmother's Bay 219 IRI 130 61.5 11.5 15.4 0.0 0.0 7.7 Jans Bay NH 55 45.5 36.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Kimosom Pwatinahk 203 IRI 420 57.1 20.2 6.0 10.7 3.6 4.8 Kitsakie 156B IRI 380 56.6 3.9 23.7 6.6 0.0 2.6 KY HA 4,700 53.0 20.3 7.6 8.9 3.3 6.8 La Loche NV 1,080 73.6 12.5 2.8 4.6 1.4 4.6 La Plonge 192 IRI 50 30.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 0.0 20.0 Lac La Hache 220 IRI 420 75.0 13.1 6.0 4.8 0.0 2.4 Lac La Ronge 156 IRI 755 50.3 13.9 10.6 17.9 4.0 3.3 MCR HA 9,245 40.8 18.0 14.0 13.1 3.8 10.2 Michel Village NH 40 62.5 25.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Montreal Lake 106 IRI 360 48.6 23.6 8.3 11.1 4.2 4.2 Morin Lake 217 IRI 255 62.7 11.8 13.7 7.8 3.9 3.9 North HA 14,935 46.4 18.2 11.7 11.3 3.6 8.7 Patuanak NH 30 50.0 33.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Pelican Narrows NV 310 50.0 19.4 9.7 11.3 3.2 6.5 Pelican Narrows 184B IRI 630 54.8 13.5 15.9 6.3 4.0 4.8 Pinehouse NV 400 53.8 20.0 6.3 10.0 2.5 8.8 Sandy Bay NV 435 60.9 12.6 5.7 12.6 2.3 6.9 Saskatchewan PR 529,480 15.4 27.3 14.1 19.1 4.5 19.6 Southend 200 IRI 340 60.3 17.6 4.4 7.4 4.4 5.9 St. George's Hill NH 20 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Stanley 157 IRI 635 40.9 16.5 26.0 8.7 2.4 7.1 Stony Rapids NH 130 61.5 11.5 7.7 7.7 0.0 7.7 Sturgeon Weir 184F IRI 25 40.0 40.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Sucker River 156C IRI 155 54.8 9.7 22.6 6.5 0.0 6.5 Timber Bay NH 40 25.0 25.0 0.0 37.5 0.0 0.0 Wapachewunak 192D IRI 245 44.9 38.8 0.0 10.2 0.0 8.2
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile no. 82-228-XWE & 2011 NHS Profile 99-014-X2011016, Prepared by PHU, Mar 2016
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 19 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Figure 21: Employment rate, population aged 15 years and over, by region, 2011
Saskatchewan 65.1 Creighton 64.4 Canada 60.9 Denare Beach 55.8 Stony Rapids 50 Buffalo Narrows 46.9 Grandmother's Bay 219 45.5 Patuanak 44.4 La Plonge 192 43.8 Pinehouse 42.3 MCR 42.1 Fond du Lac 227 40.3 Stanley 157 39.8 North 38.9 Wapachewunak 192D 38.4 Division No. 18 38.4 AHA 37.2 Beauval 35.2 Michel Village 33.3 Timber Bay 33.3
KY 33.1 Lac La Ronge 156 33.1 Sucker River 156C 32.7
Buffalo River Dene Nation 193 32.4 Kitsakie 156B 31.4 Southend 200 30.1 Sturgeon Weir 184F 30 Chicken 224 28.8 Lac La Hache 220 27.8 Pelican Narrows 26.6 Montreal Lake 106 25.4 Brabant Lake 25 Morin Lake 217 24.7 Clearwater River Dene 222 23.4 Canoe Lake 165 23.1 Jans Bay 23.1 Kimosom Pwatinahk 203 21 Pelican Narrows 184B 20.8 Sandy Bay 20.7 La Loche 20.6 Cole Bay 12.9 0 20 40 60 80
Employment rate population aged 15 years and over
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile no. 82-228-XWE & 2011 NHS Profile 99-014-X2011016, Prepared by PHU, Dec 2014
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 20 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Figure 22: Proportion of private households by census subdivision and tenure, 2011 (sorted alphabetically) Total # Band Name Type private Owner Renter housing households AHA HA 530 20.8 18.9 59.4 Beauval NV 245 55.1 46.9 0.0 Brabant Lake S-É 20 50.0 0.0 0.0 Buffalo Narrows NV 430 53.5 46.5 0.0 Buffalo River Dene Nation 193 IRI 240 8.3 4.2 87.5 Canada C 13,319,250 69.0 30.6 0.4 Canoe Lake 165 IRI 235 6.4 8.5 87.2 Chicken 224 IRI 205 12.2 4.9 82.9 Clearwater River Dene 222 IRI 175 5.7 5.7 94.3 Cole Bay NH 65 46.2 46.2 0.0 Creighton T 595 82.4 18.5 0.0 Denare Beach NV 255 86.3 7.8 7.8 Division No. 18 CD 9,940 40.4 26.2 33.4 Fond du Lac 227 IRI 195 10.3 20.5 71.8 Grandmother's Bay 219 IRI 90 0.0 0.0 100.0 Jans Bay NH 70 64.3 35.7 0.0 Kimosom Pwatinahk 203 IRI 205 7.3 7.3 85.4 Kitsakie 156B IRI 190 71.1 13.2 18.4 KY HA 3,250 37.8 35.7 26.6 La Loche NV 630 37.3 61.9 0.0 La Plonge 192 IRI 35 0.0 0.0 100.0 Lac La Hache 220 IRI 190 10.5 7.9 84.2 Lac La Ronge 156 IRI 420 52.4 8.3 38.1 MCR HA 5,595 43.6 21.0 35.4 Michel Village NH 15 100.0 0.0 0.0 Montreal Lake 106 IRI 250 12.0 14.0 74.0 Morin Lake 217 IRI 155 29.0 22.6 51.6 North HA 9,370 40.3 26.0 33.7 Patuanak NH 25 40.0 40.0 0.0 Pelican Narrows NV 175 14.3 8.6 77.1 Pelican Narrows 184B IRI 325 4.6 7.7 89.2 Pinehouse NV 245 46.9 51.0 0.0 Sandy Bay NV 255 23.5 56.9 19.6 Saskatchewan PR 409,570 72.6 24.7 2.8 Southend 200 IRI 180 8.3 16.7 75.0 St. George's Hill NH 20 50.0 0.0 0.0 Stanley 157 IRI 380 0.0 5.3 93.4 Stony Rapids NH 75 40.0 66.7 0.0 Sturgeon Weir 184F IRI 20 0.0 0.0 50.0 Sucker River 156C IRI 110 9.1 9.1 81.8 Timber Bay NH 25 40.0 60.0 0.0 Wapachewunak 192D IRI 160 0.0 6.3 93.8
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile no. 82-228-XWE & 2011 NHS Profile 99-014-X2011016, Prepared by PHU, Mar 2016
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 21 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
Figure 23: Occupied private dwellings that require major repairs by census subdivision, 2011
Clearwater River Dene 222 80.6 Canoe Lake 165 68.1 Pelican Narrows 184B 61.5 Chicken 224 56.1 Lac La Hache 220 51.3 La Loche 50.4 Fond du Lac 227 50.0 Kitsakie 156B 50.0 Pelican Narrows 47.2 AHA 45.7 Grandmother's Bay 219 44.4 Montreal Lake 106 40.0 Kimosom Pwatinahk 203 39.0 Buffalo River Dene Nation 193 37.5 Lac La Ronge 156 35.7 Southend 200 35.1 Morin Lake 217 34.4 La Plonge 192 33.3 Stanley 157 30.3 North 28.3 Division No. 18 28.1 KY 27.7
MCR 27.1 Stony Rapids 26.7 Wapachewunak 192D 21.9 Sandy Bay 21.6 Pinehouse 20.4 Sucker River 156C 18.2 Saskatchewan 10.7 Denare Beach 10.0 Creighton 8.4 Beauval 8.2 Canada 7.4 Brabant Lake 0.0 Sturgeon Weir 184F 0.0 Michel Village 0.0 St. George's Hill 0.0 Buffalo Narrows 0.0 Patuanak 0.0 Jans Bay 0.0 Cole Bay 0.0 Timber Bay 0.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 % dwellings requiring major repair
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile no. 82-228-XWE & 2011 NHS Profile 99-014-X2011016, Prepared by PHU, Mar 2016
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Figure 24: Occupied private dwellings that have more than one person per room, by census division, 2011
Kimosom Pwatinahk 203 53.7 Lac La Hache 220 51.3 Pelican Narrows 184B 46.2 Chicken 224 36.6 Pelican Narrows 33.3 Southend 200 33.3
Morin Lake 217 31.3 Kitsakie 156B 26.3 Fond du Lac 227 25.6 Clearwater River Dene 222 25.0 Stanley 157 25.0 AHA 23.6 Pinehouse 22.4 Sandy Bay 19.6 Lac La Ronge 156 19.0 La Loche 18.4 Sucker River 156C 18.2 MCR 17.8 Grandmother's Bay 219 16.7 Cole Bay 16.7 Wapachewunak 192D 15.6 North 15.5 Division No. 18 15.1 Montreal Lake 106 13.7 Buffalo River Dene Nation 193 10.4 KY 9.8 Canoe Lake 165 6.5 Denare Beach 4.0 Buffalo Narrows 3.5 Saskatchewan 2.1 Canada 2.0 La Plonge 192 0.0 Stony Rapids 0.0 Creighton 0.0 Beauval 0.0 Brabant Lake 0.0 Sturgeon Weir 184F 0.0 Michel Village 0.0 St. George's Hill 0.0 Patuanak 0.0 Jans Bay 0.0 Timber Bay 0.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
% dwellings with more than one person per room
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile no. 82-228-XWE & 2011 NHS Profile 99-014-X2011016, Prepared by PHU, Mar 2016
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Figure 25: Aboriginal language as mother tongue and spoken most often at home,
by census subdivision, 2011 (sorted alphabetically) Total Total population (%) Aboriginal (%) Aboriginal population by language language Name Type language as by Mother spoken most spoken most mother tongue Tongue often at home often at home AHA HA 2,310 83.8 2,310 70.8 Air Ronge NV 1,040 7.7 1,040 2.4 Beauval NV 760 24.3 755 12.6 Buffalo Narrows NV 1,150 9.1 1,150 2.2 Buffalo River Dene Nation 193 IRI 765 44.4 760 31.6 Canada C 33,121,175 0.5 33,121,175 0.3 Chicken 224 IRI 1,065 97.7 1,065 93.4 Clearwater River Dene 222 IRI 780 92.3 780 90.4 Cole Bay NH 230 47.8 230 0.0 Creighton T 1,500 2.3 1,500 1.0 Denare Beach NV 670 3.0 665 0.8 Division No. 18 CD 36,500 47.7 36,500 32.0 Division No. 18, Unorganized NO 1,640 41.2 1,640 15.9 Flin Flon CY 230 2.2 230 0.0 Fond du Lac 227 IRI 875 81.1 870 59.8 Grandmother's Bay 219 IRI 335 77.6 340 39.7 Green Lake NV 420 16.7 415 6.0 Île-à-la-Crosse NV 1,350 15.2 1,350 3.7 Jans Bay NH 190 73.7 185 2.7 Kimosom Pwatinahk 203 IRI 1,195 83.3 1,190 62.2 Kinoosao-Thomas Clark 204 IRI 40 37.5 40 50.0 Kitsakie 156B IRI 645 38.8 645 17.1 KY HA 10,740 51.2 10,740 35.2 La Loche NV 2,605 89.1 2,605 80.6 La Plonge 192 IRI 115 30.4 115 4.3 La Ronge T 2,285 11.4 2,285 2.8 Lac La Hache 220 IRI 1,250 94.0 1,250 79.2 Lac La Ronge 156 IRI 1,910 22.3 1,915 8.1 MCR HA 21,565 44.1 21,570 27.7 Michel Village NH 70 78.6 65 7.7 Montreal Lake 106 IRI 1,000 34.0 1,000 14.5 Morin Lake 217 IRI 615 26.8 620 12.1 North HA 34,620 48.9 34,620 32.9 Patuanak NH 65 53.8 65 23.1 Pelican Narrows NV 790 90.5 790 69.6 Pinehouse NV 975 64.6 980 27.6 Sandy Bay NV 1,235 23.5 1,235 6.9 Saskatchewan PR 1,018,310 3.0 1,018,310 1.7 Southend 200 IRI 905 51.9 900 48.3 St. George's Hill NH 100 85.0 100 5.0 Stanley 157 IRI 1,635 64.8 1,635 28.4 Stony Rapids NH 245 57.1 245 38.8 Timber Bay NH 95 26.3 95 5.3 Turnor Lake 193B IRI 420 17.9 420 9.5 Wapachewunak 192D IRI 480 55.2 485 46.4 Weyakwin NH 135 11.1 135 0
Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile no. 82-228-XWE & 2011 Census Profile 98-314-XCB2011006, Prepared by PHU, Mar 2016. Several communities including Brabant Lake, Canoe Lake 165, Pelican Narrows 184B, Sturgeon Weir 184F and Sucker River 156C are supressed from having GNR of 25% or greater on the 2011 Census of Population.
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Appendix A – Data Notes
1. Data Sources
2011 Census of Population – The 2011 Census of Population collects information on characteristics such as population, age, sex, dwellings, families, marital status and language. The goal of the census is to collect information on every man, woman and child living in Canada. Data is released for various levels of geography, including provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas, census subdivisions census tracts and health regions.
2011 National Household Survey (NHS) – The NHS provides information about the demographic, social and economic characteristics of people living in Canada as well as the housing units in which they live. Previous to 2011, this information was collected by the mandatory long-form census questionnaire; however, in 2011, major changes in the format resulted in this data being collected as part of the voluntary NHS. The NHS survey was distributed to a random sample of 33% of all private dwellings in Canada which resulted in varying response rates. Data has been released at various levels of geography including Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas/census agglomerations, census divisions, census subdivisions, census tracts, federal electoral districts and health regions. However, data is suppressed from the NHS for a variety of reasons including geographies having populations of less than 40 persons, a global non-response rate to the NHS greater than 50%. In addition, income data collected from the NHS are suppressed if the population in the area is less than 250, or if the number of private households is less than 40.
NHS Aboriginal Population Profile – The Aboriginal Population Profile presents information on the Aboriginal identity population from the 2011 NHS. Data is available for areas where the NHS Aboriginal identity population is 250 or more. The Aboriginal identity population refers to whether the person reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or being a Registered or Treaty Indian (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or being a member of a First Nation or Indian band.
2. Definitions
Global Non-response Rate (GNR) – For the 2011 NHS estimates, the GNR is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. A higher GNR indicates a higher risk of non-response bias and as a result, a higher risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. See Appendix A - 3 for a list of northern census subdivisions by the GNR.
Median After-tax Income – After-tax income refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. The median income of a specified group is that amount which divides their incomes into two equal halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income.
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Government Transfers – This refers to all cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during 2010. This variable is derived by summing the amounts reported in: (1) the Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance and Allowance for the Survivor; (2) benefits from Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan; (3) benefits from Employment Insurance: (4) child benefits; and (5) other income from government sources.
Adjusted After-tax Family Income Decile – For economic family members, this refers to economic family after-tax income that has been adjusted by a factor that accounts for family size. The adjustment factor takes into account the lower relative needs of additional family members, as compared to a single person living alone. For use with the NHS income data, the adjusted after-tax income is computed as the economic family after-tax income divided by the square root of family size. For persons not in economic families, the adjusted after-tax income is set at after-tax income. This is equivalent to a factor of 1.0 for a person not in an economic family. The deciles divide the population ranked by size of adjusted after- tax family income into 10 groups of equal size. The population in the bottom decile is the one who falls in the lower 10 percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The population in the top decile is the one who falls in the highest 10 percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The 10 groups were formed with the full population in private households of Canada, whether or not they reported income.
Low Income After-tax (LIM-AT) Private Households – For this measure, the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale, the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household. All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status. For the purposes of low income statistics, units in the Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories and Nunavut, and on Indian reserves, were excluded.
Employment Rate – This refers to the number of persons employed in the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, expressed as a percentage of the total population aged 15 years and over.
Long-term Unemployment Rate – This is the proportion of the labour force aged 15 years and over that did not work in 2010 or 2011. The labour force includes individuals who are employed or those who are unemployed but were available for work and had either actively looked for paid work in the past four weeks, were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job, or had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less.
Aboriginal Identity – The Aboriginal identity population refers to whether the person reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or being a Registered or Treaty Indian (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or being a member of a First Nation or Indian band.
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Housing Tenure – This refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling, or whether the dwelling is band housing (on an Indian reserve or settlement).
Occupied Private Dwellings Requiring Major Repairs – Dwellings were classified according to needing regular maintenance, minor repairs or major repairs. The 'regular maintenance needed' category includes regular maintenance such as painting or furnace cleaning. The 'minor repairs needed' category includes minor repairs such as missing or loose floor tiles, bricks or shingles or defective steps, railing or siding. The 'major repairs needed' category includes major repairs such as defective plumbing or electrical wiring or structural repairs to walls, floors or ceilings.
Dwellings with more than One Person per Room – This refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling. Rooms refer to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g. L-shaped dining room and living room arrangements).
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3. NHS Global Non-response Rate (GNRs) and Data Suppression, 2011
Name ID Type GNR (%) Data suppression details Timber Bay 4718012 NH 4.5 Wapachewunak 192D 4718814 IRI 5.3 Clearwater River Dene 222 4718839 IRI 8.5 Stanley 157 4718803 IRI 9.8 Denare Beach 4718049 NV 9.9 Lac La Ronge 156 4718809 IRI 12.5 Grandmother's Bay 219 4718831 IRI 13 Sucker River 156C 4718811 IRI 13.1 La Plonge 192 4718807 IRI 13.6 Southend 200 4718822 IRI 13.6 Montreal Lake 106 4718802 IRI 14.4 Chicken 224 4718828 IRI 14.7 Cole Bay 4718028 NH 15.2 Fond du Lac 227 4718824 IRI 16 La Loche 4718074 NV 16.5 AHA 4713 HA 16.9 Buffalo River Dene Nation 193 4718818 IRI 17.9 Buffalo Narrows 4718070 NV 20 Pelican Narrows 184B 4718820 IRI 20 Lac La Hache 220 4718832 IRI 20.2 Patuanak 4718069 NH 20.5 Kimosom Pwatinahk 203 4718852 IRI 21.1 Stony Rapids 4718100 NH 24.2 Canada 1 C 26.1 North 4714 HA 26.7 MCR 4711 HA 27.3 KY 4712 HA 27.6 Division No. 18 4718 CD 28.1 Sandy Bay 4718058 NV 28.9 Morin Lake 217 4718808 IRI 29 Saskatchewan 47 PR 29.3 Sturgeon Weir 184F 4718821 IRI 31.1 Pelican Narrows 4718055 NV 31.4 Pinehouse 4718065 NV 32 Kitsakie 156B 4718812 IRI 33.2 Beauval 4718033 NV 36 Jans Bay 4718030 NH 40 Canoe Lake 165 4718817 IRI 41.4 Creighton 4718051 T 43.1 Brabant Lake 4718825 S-É 44.4 St. George's Hill 4718071 NH 44.8 Michel Village 4718072 NH 49.4
Continued on next page
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Name ID Type GNR (%) Data suppression details Turnor Lake 193B 4718819 IRI 50.5 Suppressed GNR equal or greater than 50% Green Lake 4718021 NV 51.1 Suppressed GNR equal or greater than 50% La Ronge 4718041 T 51.7 Suppressed GNR equal or greater than 50% Division No. 18, Unorganized 4718090 NO 54.5 Suppressed GNR equal or greater than 50% Flin Flon (Part) 4718052 CY 56.4 Suppressed GNR equal or greater than 50% Air Ronge 4718042 NV 59.9 Suppressed GNR equal or greater than 50% Île-à-la-Crosse 4718067 NV 70.2 Suppressed GNR equal or greater than 50% Turnor Lake 4718075 NH Suppressed population count is equal to zero Potato River 156A 4718810 IRI Suppressed population count is equal to zero Four Portages 157C 4718813 IRI Suppressed population count is equal to zero Chicken 225 4718823 IRI Suppressed population count is equal to zero Fond du Lac 229 4718833 IRI Suppressed population count is equal to zero Little Hills 158 4718844 IRI Suppressed population count is equal to zero Fond du Lac 232 4718846 IRI Suppressed population count is equal to zero Fond du Lac 231 4718847 IRI Suppressed population count is equal to zero Little Hills 158B 4718849 IRI Suppressed population count is equal to zero Suppressed population estimated to be less than Weyakwin 4718015 NH 40 persons* Suppressed population estimated to be less than Dore Lake 4718023 NH 40 persons Suppressed population estimated to be less than Missinipe 4718062 NH 40 persons Clearwater River Dene Suppressed population estimated to be less than Band 223 4718829 IRI 40 persons Kinoosao-Thomas Clark Suppressed population estimated to be less than 204 4718854 IRI 40 persons Source: Statistics Canada 2011 NHS Health profile no. 82-228-XWE & 2011 NHS Profile 99-014-X2011016, Prepared by PHU, Mar 2016. *Statistics Canada states that Weyakwin is suppressed as the population is estimated to be less than 40 persons; however the 2011 Census has estimated the population to be 135 persons. Therefore the data may be suppressed due to a high non-response rate. The GNRs for CSDs above 50% come from the community well-being index 2011 database. It is important to realize that many First Nations communities are split up into many CSD’s. For example the community of Fond du Lac has four listings (Fond du Lac 227, 229, 231 and 232) in the above table.
Social Determinants of Health: Living and Working Conditions August, 2016 29 Northern Saskatchewan Health Indicators
4. Data Suppression for Northern Saskatchewan Census Subdivisions, 2011 Census of Population
Name ID Type Suppression reason
Brabant Lake 4718825 S-É GNR higher than or equal to 25% Canoe Lake 165 4718817 IRI GNR higher than or equal to 25% Chicken 225 4718823 IRI population of less than 40 persons Clearwater River Dene Band 223 4718829 IRI population of less than 40 persons Dore Lake 4718023 NH population of less than 40 persons Fond du Lac 229 4718833 IRI population of less than 40 persons Fond du Lac 231 4718847 IRI population of less than 40 persons Fond du Lac 232 4718846 IRI population of less than 40 persons Four Portages 157C 4718813 IRI population of less than 40 persons Little Hills 158 4718844 IRI population of less than 40 persons Little Hills 158B 4718849 IRI population of less than 40 persons Missinipe 4718062 NH population of less than 40 persons Pelican Narrows 184B 4718820 IRI GNR higher than or equal to 25% Potato River 156A 4718810 IRI population of less than 40 persons Sturgeon Weir 184F 4718821 IRI GNR higher than or equal to 25% Sucker River 156C 4718811 IRI GNR higher than or equal to 25% Turnor Lake 4718075 NH population of less than 40 persons Source: Statistics Canada Census Profile 98-314-XCB2011006 and Census subdivision suppression list (http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2011/ref/sup_CSD-SDR-eng.cfm), Prepared by PHU, Mar 2016
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Appendix B – Glossary of Acronyms
AHA Athabasca Health Authority C Country CANSIM Statistics Canada's key socioeconomic database CD Census Division CEGEP Collège d'enseignement général et professionnel CSD Census Subdivision CY City GNR Global Non-response Rate HA Health Authority IRI Indian Reserve KY Keewatin Yatthé (Health Region) LIM-AT Low-income measure after tax MCR Mamawetan Churchill River (Health Region) NH Northern Hamlet NHS National Household Survey NO Unorganized NV Northern Village PHU Population Health Unit PR Province S-É Indian Settlement T Town
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Appendix C – Index of Figures Figure 1: Wider determinants of health ...... 5 Figure 2: First Nations Wholistic Policy and Planning Model ...... 6 Figure 3: Percent of total income from government transfers by region, population aged 15 years and over, 2010 ...... 7 Figure 4: Median after-tax income, population aged 15 and over, by region, 2010 ...... 7 Figure 5: Proportion of population by Canadian decile of adjusted after-tax family income, by region, 2010 ...... 8 Figure 6: Prevalence of low income (after-tax low-income measure) in off-reserve private households, by region and age group, 2010 ...... 8 Figure 7: Levels of education by region, population aged 25-64 years of age, 2011 ...... 9 Figure 8: Employment rate, population aged 15 years and over, by region, 2011 ...... 10 Figure 9: Long-term unemployment rate, population aged 15 years and over, by region 2011 ...... 10 Figure 10: Median after-tax income, population aged15 years and over, by region and Aboriginal identity,2010 ...... 11 Figure 11: Levels of education, population aged25 -64 years of age, by Aboriginal identity,2011 ...... 11 Figure 12: Employment rate, population aged 15 years and over, by region and Aboriginal identity, 2011 ...... 12 Figure 13: Private households by region and tenure, 2011 ...... 13 Figure 14: Occupied private dwelling characteristics by region, 2011 ...... 13 Figure 15: Aboriginal language as mother tongue and spoken most often at home by northern health authority, 2011 ...... 14 Figure 16: Median after-tax income, population aged15 and over, by census subdivision, 2010 ...... 15 Figure 17: Percent of total income from government transfers by census subdivision, population aged 15 years and over, 2010 ...... 16 Figure 18: Proportion of population by Canadian decile of adjusted after-tax family income, by census subdivision, 2010 (sorted alphabetically) ...... 17 Figure 19: Prevalence of low income (after-tax low-income measure) in off-reserve private households, by census subdivision and age group, 2010 (sorted alphabetically) ...... 18 Figure 20: Levels of education by census subdivision, % population aged 25-64 years of age, 2011 (sorted alphabetically) ...... 19 Figure 21: Employment rate, population aged15 years and over, by region, 2011 ...... 20 Figure 22: Proportion of private households by census subdivision and tenure, 2011 (sorted alphabetically)...... 21 Figure 23: Occupied private dwellings that require major repairs by census subdivision, 2011 ...... 22 Figure 24: Occupied private dwellings that have more than one person per room, by census division, 2011 ...... 23 Figure 25: Aboriginal language as mother tongue and spoken most often at home, by census subdivision, 2011 (sorted alphabetically) ...... 24
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Appendix D - References 1. Government of Canada PHA of C. What Makes Canadians Healthy or Unhealthy? - Population Health Approach - Public Health Agency of Canada [Internet]. 2001 [cited 2016 Mar 1]. Available from: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/determinants/determinants-eng.php#physenviron 2. Trends in Income-Related Health Inequalities in Canada [Internet]. Ottawa; 2015 [cited 2016 Mar 1]. Available from: https://secure.cihi.ca/free_products/trends_in_income_related_inequalities_in_canada_2015_e n.pdf 3. van Rossum CT, Shipley MJ, van de Mheen H, Grobbee DE, Marmot MG. Employment grade differences in cause specific mortality. A 25 year follow up of civil servants from the first Whitehall study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2000;54(3):178–84. 4. Syme SL. Social determinants of health: the community as an empowered partner. Prev Chronic Dis. 2004;1(1):A02. 5. Syme SL. Social and economic disparities in health: thoughts about intervention. Milbank Q. 1998;76(3):493–505, 306–7. 6. Canadian Council on the Social Determinants of Health. A Review of Frameworks on the Determinants of Health [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2016 Mar 1]. Available from: http://ccsdh.ca/images/uploads/Frameworks_Report_English.pdf 7. Dahlgren G, Whitehead M. Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health Background document to WHO – Strategy paper [Internet]. Vol. 14, Main. 2007 [cited 2016 Mar 1]. Available from: http://ideas.repec.org/p/hhs/ifswps/2007_014.html 8. First Nations Wholistic Policy and Planning A Transitional Discussion Document on the Social Determinants of Health [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2016 Mar 1]. Available from: http://health.afn.ca/uploads/files/sdoh_afn.pdf
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