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Exploring Repressed Desires and Their Effects on the Emergence of Varied Kinds of Violence in the Selected Novels of Stephen King [PP: 44-49] Dr. Hoda Shabrang Department of English Language and Literature, Khatam University Tehran, Iran Mohsen Amely (Corresponding Author) Department of English Language and Literature, Khatam University Tehran, Iran ABSTRACT This research provides a psychological review of Stephen King's Misery and The Dark Half based on Slavoj Zizek's ideas of violence and its veiled dimensions. In this investigation, the issue of encountering violence promptly and abominating all kinds of violence in the actions of human beings as well as commiserating with victims have been scrutinized. There are diversified critical assumptions to the statement of what psychology is considerably worth applying to the works of Stephen King who has gained achievements as a gothic author and who has paid attention to unconscious gothic components and psychotic characters. It can be argued that these two novels reveal the doctrine of violence which is the result of dualism and failure in attaining interior desires as explained in Slavoj Zizek's conceptions: subjective and objective violence (symbolic and systematic violence). For the reason that Stephen King is referred to as a gothic novelist, this research will concentrate on the leading characters' psyches in two of his most thrilling novels to determine if the author's ideas keep in line with the definition of psyche and unconscious are effective in the representation of violence, trepidation, affliction, torment and madness and of the protagonists in Stephen King's Misery and The Dark Half. As a theorist and a philosopher, Zizek emphasizes on the doctrine of violence and its effects on changing the mood and on carrying out frenetic activities. Consequently, it is being explored that unfulfilled intrinsic and intellectual desires in the real world and truly the potential uncertainties of mental demands and the unfulfillment of these desires in the real world, novel's characters as well as individuals can cause violence in the society. Keywords: Psychoanalytical Criticism, Slavoj Zizek, Subjective violence, Stephen King, Gothic Elements ARTICLE The paper received on Reviewed on Accepted after revisions on INFO 13/05/2020 20/06/2020 05/01/2021 Suggested citation: Shabrang, H. & Amely, M. (2020). Exploring Repressed Desires and Their Effects on the Emergence of Varied Kinds of Violence in the Selected Novels of Stephen King. International Journal of English Language & Translation Studies. 8(4). 44-49. 1. Introduction expedition under the pen name of Bachman. One of the most experienced Therefore, King's novels include how to American gothic writers who has found depict the emotions of hope intermingled much success in gothic literature in the 21st with his own personal incidents and century is Stephen king (September 21, horrifying elements. He keeps using clear 1947). His style in writing was the usage of imagery which is set in a realistic place as “author characters" as protagonists in the well as symbols and unique characterization. novels such as Paul Sheldon who is the main King looks for unifying and exploring gothic character in Misery, as well as Thad elements with strong significances of Beaumont in The Dark Half. Stephen King psychological analysis. The gothic novels wrote several books under a pseudonym, have been included the images of shadowy, Richard Bachman. Darkness and cynical retaliation, agony as well as hereditary atmosphere were the main characteristics of secrets. The role they play in the formation Bachman novels rather than the of individuality and psychological impacts psychological gothic style common in many on the mind is very notable. Stephen King is of King's famous works. He wrote The Dark an author who helps the development of Half which is about an author with an modern horror fiction. He is best known for ominous leechlike twin in response to his “the father of horror" in literature. He wrote Exploring Repressed Desires and Their Effects on the Emergence of Varied … Hoda Shabrang & Mohsen Amely contentious novels, which deal with the This article tries to debate these illustrations of different personalities under questions and find an appropriate result in the impact of unfulfilled desires of the order to solve one of the major problems protagonists. Many important elements such with which human beings are contending as blood, wound, gothic components, 2. Approach and Methodology trepidation, and affliction are to be analyzed The method chosen to demonstrate in the works of Stephen King for which he is how unfulfilled repressed desires of best known. But the most important one is individuals can cause violence in the real the various psychological notions world as well as society emphasized by the recommended in this study which can be theory of subjective and objective violence extended to the society in the real world as in Stephen King's Misery and The Dark Half well. This research strives to investigate as a valid study. One of the Stephen King's King's novels on grounds of components main themes is the quarrel between the such as horror, torment, violence relied on individual and the hidden personalities which the society formed its norms. In which are shown in the dual personalities of Misery and The Dark Half uniformities can Misery's Annie Wilkes as well as The Dark be seen between Slavoj Zizek and Stephen Half's Thad Beaumont. The sudden change King. Both suggest the concept of violence in the mood of the characters means as a and its impacts on the society as well as the contradiction of heartlessness in the relationship between savagery and veiled captivation the reader and victim feel toward layers of social structures. So Zizek's the very power that threatens them (Spector, doctrines of violence are to be discussed in 1984). Violence as it indeed becomes King's selected novels to see how this discernible in realistic conditions is about renowned author keeps in line with modern the interlacing of humankind sensations of tendencies in his main characters and social fright, fury, and agitation in such a manner structures. The central issue that the current that cross exactly the traditional ethics of study is going to investigate is to see how usual status. It is merely this surprising and King delineates the conventions of violence abrupt trait of violence as it in fact provides (subjective violence and objective one) in hint to the sentimental ever changing at the his novels. It is obvious that the conception core of the assumption of violence (Collins, of violence is regarded as an idea which is 2008, p. 4). compelled by social systems. People believe that violence is the King's novels according to gothic manifestation of our animality, bursting elements such as terror and torment strive to when learned cultural regulations failed. indicate the concept of " dualism " which the Violence is also viewed to be the gist of society scrimmage with it in a large scale on devil; it is the paradigm system produces of account of the unfulfilled desires of depravity. Nevertheless, the review of individuals that sabotage the entire being of violent actions and habits throughout the society. What distinguishes King from cultures and within history demonstrates his companions in the field of gothic only the contrary when people wound or literature is the belief that lack of murder somebody; they commonly achieve consummating human wishes can bring this goal because they believe they have to. dualism in characters' personalities, which They believe that it is ethically correct or raise problems for the individuals even compulsory to be violent. In addition, (Hitchcock, 2014, pp. 7-10). the impulses for violence broadly develop Therefore, repressed desires can out of a linkage between the culprit and the cause violence in the social-familial victim. The criminal is brutal to make the structures. So the mere solution is paying relation proper_ to make the connection much more attention to these desires in order what it should be based on his or her cultural to have a dynamic, healthy as well as appliances of worldwide kindred righteous unwearied society. Regarding to the major tenets. That is, most violence is ethically notions of violence (subjective and objective prompted. Integrity is about controlling ones) by Slavoj Zizek, the following societal relations, and violence is one questions are debatable in the Stephen method to manage relations. King’s selected novels: In lieu of encountering violence How do Misery and The Dark Half immediately, Zizek’s recent book forms six depict subjective and objective violence? sideways views. There are causes exploring How does the process of violence the matter of violence. The fundamental reveal itself in the diabolic characters of the assumption is that there is something novels? essentially enigmatic in a direct struggle International Journal of English Language & Translation Studies (www.eltsjournal.org) ISSN:2308-5460 Volume: 08 Issue: 04 October-December, 2020 Page | 45 International Journal of English Language & Translation Studies (www.eltsjournal.org) ISSN:2308-5460 Volume: 08 Issue: 04 October-December, 2020 with it: the compelling fear of violent sterling authors in the category of horror actions and compassion with the victims fiction. Critics like Anthony Magistrale, relentlessly act as a temptation, which additionally accept the truth that King impedes us from thinking. A disinterested establishes the mere literary offspring theoretical growth of the classification of dropped from the writers such as Edgar violence have to overlook its painful effects. Allan Poe and Howard Philips Lovecraft Moreover, there is a perception in which an (Magistrale, March 1992, p. 27). aloof scrutiny of violence somehow Works of horror are organized to duplicates and contributes in its fright. At evoke a certain kind of influence.

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