DOCSLIB.ORG

House of Lords Official Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
House of Lords Official Report Vol. 771 Wednesday No. 143 27 April 2016 PARLIAMENTARYDEBATES (HANSARD) HOUSE OF LORDS OFFICIAL REPORT ORDEROFBUSINESS Questions Children: Parental Separation ......................................................................................1121 Social Housing .............................................................................................................1123 Investigatory Powers Bill ..............................................................................................1125 Airport Expansion: Road and Rail Upgrades ..............................................................1128 Hillsborough Statement......................................................................................................................1130 Housing and Planning Bill Third Reading ...............................................................................................................1144 Armed Forces Bill Report ...........................................................................................................................1182 Trade Union Bill Returned from the Commons .........................................................................................1230 Grand Committee Modern Slavery Act 2015 (Code of Practice) Regulations 2016 Motion to Consider......................................................................................................GC 1 Immigration (Leave to Enter and Remain) (Amendment) Order 2016 Motion to Consider......................................................................................................GC 5 Limited Liability Partnerships, Partnerships and Groups (Accounts and Audit) Regulations 2016 Motion to Consider......................................................................................................GC 6 Nuclear Installations (Liability for Damage) Order 2016 Motion to Consider ....................................................................................................GC 13 Crown Court (Recording) Order 2016 Motion to Consider ....................................................................................................GC 20 Education (Repeal of Arrangements for Vocational Qualifications Awarded or Authenticated in Northern Ireland) Order 2016 Motion to Consider ....................................................................................................GC 25 Rural Economy Question for Short Debate .........................................................................................GC 30 Lords wishing to be supplied with these Daily Reports should give notice to this effect to the Printed Paper Office. No proofs of Daily Reports are provided. Corrections for the bound volume which Lords wish to suggest to the report of their speeches should be clearly indicated in a copy of the Daily Report, which, with the column numbers concerned shown on the front cover, should be sent to the Editor of Debates, House of Lords, within 14 days of the date of the Daily Report. This issue of the Official Report is also available on the Internet at www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201516/ldhansrd/index/160427.html The first time a Member speaks to a new piece of parliamentary business, the following abbreviations are used to show their party affiliation: Abbreviation Party/Group CB Cross Bench Con Conservative DUP Democratic Unionist Party GP Green Party Ind Lab Independent Labour Ind LD Independent Liberal Democrat Ind SD Independent Social Democrat Ind UU Independent Ulster Unionist Lab Labour LD Liberal Democrat LD Ind Liberal Democrat Independent Non-afl Non-affiliated PC Plaid Cymru UKIP UK Independence Party UUP Ulster Unionist Party No party affiliation is given for Members serving the House in a formal capacity, the Lords spiritual, Members on leave of absence or Members who are otherwise disqualified from sitting in the House. © Parliamentary Copyright House of Lords 2016, this publication may be reproduced under the terms of the Open Parliament licence, which is published at www.parliament.uk/site-information/copyright/. 1121 Children: Parental Separation[27 APRIL 2016] Children: Parental Separation 1122 tell them to go away and make a deal with their ex House of Lords directly. Mrs Thatcher set up the CSA to make sure Wednesday 27 April 2016 that parents pay for their kids even if they are separated from the other parent. If there are any grounds to the 3 pm growing concern that parents will end up paying less money to children than they have in the past, will the Prayers—read by the Lord Bishop of Leeds. Minister accept that the strategy has failed and needs to be reviewed? Children: Parental Separation Question Baroness Altmann: The noble Baroness clearly has significant expertise in this area, but I have to say that 3.06 pm the current system, which was set up in 2012, does not Asked by Baroness Jenkin of Kennington automatically take 20% of the payments. As I say, the point of the new system is to encourage parents to To ask Her Majesty’s Government what steps make their own arrangements. It is only if they do not they are taking to prioritise the wellbeing of children use the direct payment method that they will pay the when their parents are going through separation. additional premium for that service. The Minister of State, Department for Work and Baroness Sherlock: My Lords, the noble Baroness Pensions (Baroness Altmann) (Con): My Lords, we are has reminded me— prioritising the well-being of children by helping parents resolve conflict during separation. We have doubled Noble Lords: No! funding for relationship support for couples to £70 million Baroness Sherlock: My Lords, I am sorry. It is a during this Parliament and our innovation fund has declaration of interest. I apologise to the House. I worked with around 30,000 separated families to help should have declared a historic interest in that five them collaborate in the best interests of their children. years ago I was a board member of the Child Maintenance Baroness Jenkin of Kennington (Con): My Lords, and Enforcement Commission. That is all I wanted to we are all aware that post-conflict separation is very say. harmful for children and is often exacerbated by disputes Baroness Butler-Sloss (CB): My Lords, it is obvious over child maintenance payments, especially when that children who are not informed about what is government agencies are involved. Will my noble friend happening to their parents when they are separating update the House on how the 2012 child maintenance do much less well than those who are kept in the loop. reforms are working as regards payments made within What will the Government do to make this one of the family arrangements? really important aspects? Parents must let their children Baroness Altmann: My Lords, I am delighted to know, even at an early age, what is actually happening report that our 2012 reforms have been a huge success and make them part of the decision-making, or at so far. They have incentivised separating families to least give them an understanding of what the future is make their own arrangements rather than using the going to be. statutory system as a default option, as co-operation Baroness Altmann: The noble and learned Baroness between parents is clearly better for their children. makes another good point. We have been trialling Seventy per cent of clients using the service are choosing interventions with our innovation fund where we are direct pay. using the voice of the child to make sure that we include children in the conflict situation. We are also Baroness Tyler of Enfield (LD): Will the Minister working with the Ministry of Justice to make those set out how her department is working with the interventions work. Department of Health and the Department for Education to ensure that children whose parents are separating Lord Forsyth of Drumlean (Con): My Lords, is my receive the support they need both through child and noble friend aware of the proposals from the Scottish adolescent mental health services and counselling in Government, which will be implemented this summer, schools? for every child in Scotland under the age of 18 to have appointed for them a state guardian whose job it is to Baroness Altmann: My Lords, the department is make sure that the parents are doing their duty? Can working with other departments in a cross-government she reassure the House that if Scottish parents or strategy to support children, with a lot more funding parents living in Scotland move south, this outrageous for mental health issues and co-operation between the scheme will not be continued in England? various departments. Baroness Altmann: I can indeed assure the House Baroness Sherlock (Lab): My Lords, “so far” is a that there are no such plans. telling phrase. The Minister talked about the CSA but the Government are in the process of shutting down Baroness McIntosh of Pickering (Con): My Lords, all CSA cases and telling parents that if they want to does my noble friend support the idea of child contact apply to the new scheme they have got to hand over centres being made available in every local authority one-fifth of all the money to the DWP in fees. However, area to enable parents who are not of wealthy means they are allowed to apply to the new scheme only if to have contact with their children? Were one fortunate they first ring a phone line and let someone on the enough to have a Private Member’s Bill on this in the other end of the phone try to talk them out of it and next Session, would my noble friend support
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Orme) Wilberforce (Albert) Raymond Blackburn (Alexander Bell
    Copyrights sought (Albert) Basil (Orme) Wilberforce (Albert) Raymond Blackburn (Alexander Bell) Filson Young (Alexander) Forbes Hendry (Alexander) Frederick Whyte (Alfred Hubert) Roy Fedden (Alfred) Alistair Cooke (Alfred) Guy Garrod (Alfred) James Hawkey (Archibald) Berkeley Milne (Archibald) David Stirling (Archibald) Havergal Downes-Shaw (Arthur) Berriedale Keith (Arthur) Beverley Baxter (Arthur) Cecil Tyrrell Beck (Arthur) Clive Morrison-Bell (Arthur) Hugh (Elsdale) Molson (Arthur) Mervyn Stockwood (Arthur) Paul Boissier, Harrow Heraldry Committee & Harrow School (Arthur) Trevor Dawson (Arwyn) Lynn Ungoed-Thomas (Basil Arthur) John Peto (Basil) Kingsley Martin (Basil) Kingsley Martin (Basil) Kingsley Martin & New Statesman (Borlasse Elward) Wyndham Childs (Cecil Frederick) Nevil Macready (Cecil George) Graham Hayman (Charles Edward) Howard Vincent (Charles Henry) Collins Baker (Charles) Alexander Harris (Charles) Cyril Clarke (Charles) Edgar Wood (Charles) Edward Troup (Charles) Frederick (Howard) Gough (Charles) Michael Duff (Charles) Philip Fothergill (Charles) Philip Fothergill, Liberal National Organisation, N-E Warwickshire Liberal Association & Rt Hon Charles Albert McCurdy (Charles) Vernon (Oldfield) Bartlett (Charles) Vernon (Oldfield) Bartlett & World Review of Reviews (Claude) Nigel (Byam) Davies (Claude) Nigel (Byam) Davies (Colin) Mark Patrick (Crwfurd) Wilfrid Griffin Eady (Cyril) Berkeley Ormerod (Cyril) Desmond Keeling (Cyril) George Toogood (Cyril) Kenneth Bird (David) Euan Wallace (Davies) Evan Bedford (Denis Duncan)
    [Show full text]
  • In the Shadow of War
    (. o tL ý(-ct 5 /ýkOO IN THE SHADOW OF WAR Continuities and Discontinuities in the construction of the identities masculine of British soldiers, 1914 - 1924 i W" NLARGARET MILLNUN A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirementsof the University of Greenwich for the Degree of Doctor of PHosophy July 2002 ABSTRACT The upheavalsof the cataclysmof the First World War reverberatedthrough every comer of British society, how society was reconstructedafterwards is the subject of enormouscritical debate. This study examineshow masculinitieswere disrupted and. reconstructedduring and after the war. It is a study of British men, previously civilians, who becameservicemen in the First World War. It aims to map the continuitiesand discontinuitiesin the construction of their masculineidentities during war and in its aftermath in the 1920s. Pioneeredby feminist scholarsconcerned with analysingthe historical construction of femininity, the study of gender relations has becomea significant area of historical enquiry. This has resulted in a substantialbody of historical scholarshipon the history of masculinitiesand the increasingvisibility of men as genderedsubjects whose masculinities are lived and imagined. This thesis is informed by, and engageswith, the histories of masculinities. It also draws on recent historical researchon the cultural legacy of the war. The first chapter explores the subjectiveresponses to becominga soldier through an examinationof personalmemoirs; largely unpublishedsources drawn from memoriesand written or recordedby men as narrativesof their wartime experiences.The subject of the secondchapter is shell shock. The outbreak of shell shock among the troops aroused anxietiesabout masculinity. The competing versionsof masculinitieswhich emergedin military and medical discoursesis examined. Returning to individual memoirs,the chapter examineshow men producedtheir own representationsof the shell shockedman contesting other versions.
    [Show full text]
  • CONTENTS Eyewitness Accounts / Personal Testimony 2 Letters
    306 CONTENTS Eyewitness Accounts / Personal Testimony 2 Letters written by men who were executed 12 The Battle of the Somme 13 The impact of big offensives 14 Contextual Details 15 Legislation allowing for execution 15 ‘Cowardice’ and the death penalty 16 The court martial (Battle of the Somme) 17 Procedure at trial 19 The ‘prisoner’s friend’ 19 A note on ‘shell shock’ 20 Douglas Haig and religion 20 Haig’s personal philosophy of war 20 Belief in predestination and divine inspiration (Battle of the Somme) 21 Further evidence of belief in divine inspiration 21 Other notes on Haig’s religion 21 1 CONTEMPORARY EYEWITNESS ACCOUNTS OF EXECUTIONS, INCLUDING THE SELECTION OF FIRING PARTIES From Shootings at Dawn: The Army Death Penalty at Work, by Ernest Thurtle M.P. (London, 1924) Source notes: - Ernest Thurtle was a Labour Party politician who headed the campaign to abolish the military death penalty after the war’s end. It is worth considering how Thurtle may have been less concerned with the supposed inequity of military law than the opportunity to attack the army itself. - His stated objective was to ‘convince the public of the barbarity and gross injustice of this particular part of Military Law’. - At the time of publication the relevant records remained in the hands of the War Office, and access to these records was not permitted. He therefore relied on eyewitness testimony and the liberal use of hearsay evidence in the form of personal letters. It has been remarked that, rather than being an account of the executions carried out during the First World War, it would be more accurate to regard Shootings at Dawn as evidence of the impact executions had on morale and on certain parts of British society; namely, those who recoiled from the conservatism inherent in justifying the conduct of modern wars.
    [Show full text]
  • Overture: Guilty Men
    Notes Overture: Guilty Men 1. ‘Cato’, Guilty Men (London, 1940); Kenneth O. Morgan, Michael Foot: A Life (London, 2007) pp. 72–82. 2. ‘Cato’, Guilty Men, pp. 17–21 for political scene setting; pp. 32–4 for Bevin and Lansbury. 3. Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 1, The Gathering Storm (London, 1948); C.L. Mowat, Britain Between the Wars, 1918–1940 (London, 1955) p. 142. The contingency of the Guilty Men myth’s appeal is analysed in Philip Williamson, ‘Baldwin’s Reputation: Politics and History 1937–1967’ Historical Journal 47:1 (2004) 127–168. 4. See the profile in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (hereafter ODNB) online http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/56/101056984/ (accessed 8 June 2014). 5. HC Deb 5th Series Volume 290 Columns 1930, 1932, 14 June 1934. 6. Mowat, Britain Between the Wars, p. 361; A.J.P. Taylor, English History 1914–1945 (Oxford, 1965), p. 285. Mosley’s own contribution can be found in My Life (London, 1968). 7. Robert Skidelsky, Politicians and the Slump: the Labour Government of 1929–31 (London, 1967); Oswald Mosley (London, 1975). The latter includes the ‘lost leader’ comment at p. 13. 8. Peter Clarke, Lancashire and the New Liberalism (Cambridge, 1971). 9. Ross McKibbin, Parties and People: England 1914–1951 (Oxford, 2010); Duncan Tanner, ‘Class Voting and Radical Politics: the Liberal and Labour Parties 1910–1931’, in Miles Taylor and Jon Lawrence (eds.), Party State and Society: Electoral Behaviour in Britain since 1820 (Aldershot, 1997), pp. 106–30. 10. Oswald Ernald Mosley was born 19 November 1896 and succeeded to the baronetcy on 21 September 1928.
    [Show full text]
  • The London Gazette B?
    fiumb. 40310 6067 The London Gazette b? Registered as a Newspaper .*» For Table of Contents see last page TUESDAY, 26 OCTOBER, 1954 Lord Chamberlain's Office, The Lordsi Commissioners of Her Majesty's St. James's Palace, S.W.I. Treasury hereby give notice that They have made 26th October, 1954. Regulations under Section 5 of the War Loan (Supplemental Provisions) Act, 1915, as amended, The QUEEN has been graciously pleased to viz:— appoint iRear Admiral (S) Frederick Robert Joseph Mack. C.B., C.B.E., to (be a Gentleman Usiher to The Savings Certificates (Amendment) Regula- Her (Majesty. tions, 1954. The Regulation®, which come into operation on the Istt November, 1954, have been published as CENTRAL CHANCERY OF THE ORDERS Statutory Instrument, 1954, No. 1399. The Regula- OF KNIGHTHOOD. tions raise the limit upon the maximum holding of National Savings Certificates (Ninth Issue) by any one St. James's Palace, S.W.\. person from 700 units to 1,000 units. 26th October, 1954. The Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's The QUEEN has been: graciously pleased to Treasury also give notice that as from the 1st appoint The Right Honourable (Robert) Anthony November, 1954, the limit on individual holdings of Eden, M.C., M.P., to be a Knight Companion of the 3i% Defence Bonds (Subscription Issue), other than Most Noble Order of the Garter. (To be dated those acquired by inheritance, will ,be raised from 20th October, 1954.) £1,000 to £2,000. Copies of Statutory Instrument 1954 No. 1399 may 'be purchased (price 2d.) direct from York House, Clarence House, Kingsway, London, W.C2; 423, Oxford Street, St.
    [Show full text]
  • From Civil Liberties to Human Rights?: British Civil Liberties
    FROM CIVIL LIBERTIES TO HUMAN RIGHTS?: BRITISH CIVIL LIBERTIES ACTIVISM, 1934-1989 By CHRISTOPHER MOORES A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Modern History School of Arts and Law The University of Birmingham September 2010 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract This thesis is about organizations working in the field of British civil liberties between 1934 and 1989. It examines the relationship between the concepts of civil liberties and human rights within a British context, and discusses the forms of political activism that have accompanied this subject. At the centre of this work is an examination of the politics of the National Council for Civil Liberties (NCCL), an organization that has played a key role in the protection and promotion of civil liberties from its formation in 1934. It also examines the activities of a range of other organizations that considered themselves to be active on such a subject. The thesis argues that thinking about civil liberties has been extended throughout the twentieth century to incorporate a more positive and broader conceptualization of rights.
    [Show full text]
  • Parliament and Birth Control in the 1920S
    HISTORY OF CONTRACEPTIVE CARE Parliament and birth control in the 1920s MADELEINESIMMS, ma,m.sc Senior Leverhulme Student, Medical Sociology Unit, Bedford College, London The origins of the mother and child welfare antenatal advice to mothers, distribute welfare foods, clinics and monitor the health of infants. By 1924 there were 550 such centres, mostly staffed by doctors who had specialized in midwifery, and nurses who could visit TN 1913, the Scottish millionaire Andrew Carnegie, patients in their homes. -¦¦ who had made a fortune in the USA in the railroad and iron and steel founded the industries, Carnegie Political pressure grows United Kingdom Trust. Its object was the "improve¬ ment of the well-being of the masses of the people of The radicals in the birth control movement quickly Great Britain and Ireland" and it was described as being became aware that here was the perfect instrument for particularly concerned with "social welfare schemes of spreading the message of birth control among working- an experimental kind". He had already founded a large class women. Marie Stopes' pioneer birth control clinic number of public libraries in both the USA and in Holloway, North London, had indeed made contact Scotland, entering jointly into these schemes with the with a small number of such women for the first time. local authorities since, in Victorian fashion, he believed But this official agency, which was rapidly extending to in self-help rather than charity. If the local authority all parts of the country, offered natural access to this would provide the site and the services, he would largely neglected section of the community.
    [Show full text]
  • Who Is Anti-American ?': the British Left and the United States, 1945-1956
    (1) 'Who is anti-American ?': The British Left and the United States, 1945-1956 by Giora Goodman University College London A dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) © 1996 U (2) Abstract The subject of this research is British 'anti-Americanism' in the decade after 1945: a complex phenomenon with often contradictory political and cultural manifestations. This study focuses primarily on the attitudes towards the United States of the organized political Left, because the Left came to be regarded in this period as the most 'anti-American' element in British political life. Examining that charge, this study follows the development of attitudes towards the United States in British political life, particularly within the Labour Party, long- established as the most serious organized force on the Left, and the governing Party from 1945 to 195 1. The study aims to show that hostile responses towards the United States on the British Left imbibed the same national resentments which could be found in other quarters of British political life. The British Left had its own set of ideological and emotional prejudices which gave a distinct colour, and perhaps added impetus, to its resentments. However, underpinning all the hostile sentiments was the resentment of Britain's postwar domination and displacement by the United States, which among Conservatives was concealed only by the onset of the Cold War, until it forcefully erupted during the Suez crisis. Finally, this study delineates and examines the great concern with which 'anti- Americanism' was viewed at the time by policy-makers and politicians on both sides of the Atlantic.
    [Show full text]
  • The Phoenix Generation at Westminster Richard Carr
    The Phoenix Generation at Westminster Great War Veterans Turned Tory MPs, Democratic Political Culture, and the path of British Conservatism from the Armistice to the Welfare State Richard Carr BA East Anglia, M.Phil Cantab September 2010 Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. School of History, University of East Anglia. This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that no quotation from the thesis, nor any information derived therefrom, may be published without the author's prior, written consent. © 1 Abstract This analysis intertwines two narratives: the impact of the Great War upon British public life, and the history of the Conservative Party. It shows how the memory of 1914-18 influenced Westminster politics for decades after the conflict. Whereas previous accounts have placed the ex-serviceman at the periphery of events – in pressure groups like the British Legion or as single issue campaigners fighting for issues directly connected to soldierly causes (war pensions, memorials and such) – this analyses those soldiers who became Conservative MPs after 1918 as a distinct and philosophically inquisitive cohort, and places them within the key trends and issues of the day. Using numerous archival sources, together with primary and secondary literature, it illustrates how the war formed a turning point in the lives of politicians later to assume prominence (including Harold Macmillan and Anthony Eden) together with lesser names. It places such figures within the Conservative Party structure – outlining bones of contention with the leadership, principally Stanley Baldwin, and at the same time shows where the ex-serviceman cohort was unable to reach consensus.
    [Show full text]
  • War Neurosis and Cultural Change in England, 1914-22
    War Neurosis and Cultural Change in England, 1914-22: The Work of the War Office Committee of Enquiry into 'Shell-Shock' Author(s): Ted Bogacz Source: Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 24, No. 2, Studies on War, (Apr., 1989), pp. 227-256 Published by: Sage Publications, Ltd. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/260822 Accessed: 23/06/2008 08:22 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=sageltd. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization founded in 1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship. We work with the scholarly community to preserve their work and the materials they rely upon, and to build a common research platform that promotes the discovery and use of these resources. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. http://www.jstor.org Ted Bogacz WarNeurosis and CulturalChange in England, 1914-22: TheWork of the WarOffice Committee of Enquiryinto 'Shell-Shock' The first world war fundamentally challenged inherited social and cultural ideas, including traditional views of mental illness and its treatment.
    [Show full text]
  • The Great War
    The Great War The Great War: Localities and Regional Identities Edited by Nick Mansfield and Craig Horner The Great War: Localities and Regional Identities, Edited by Nick Mansfield and Craig Horner This book first published 2014 Cambridge Scholars Publishing 12 Back Chapman Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2XX, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2014 by Nick Mansfield, Craig Horner and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-5652-5, ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-5652-2 CONTENTS Contributors ............................................................................................... vii Introduction ................................................................................................. 1 Nicholas Mansfield Military Tribunals in Carmarthenshire, 1916-1917 ..................................... 7 Robin Barlow The Radical Ex-Servicemen of 1918 ......................................................... 27 Paul Burnham Industry, Labour and Patriotism in the Black Country: Wednesbury at War, 1914-1918 ................................................................ 53 Paul Fantom Commemorating the Fallen in Surrey’s Open Spaces after the Great War ...................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Patriotic Labour in the Era of the Great War
    PATRIOTIC LABOUR IN THE ERA OF THE GREAT WAR by DAVID JONATHAN SWIFT A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL LANCASHIRE IN COLLABORATION WITH THE PEOPLE’S HISTORY MUSEUM OCTOBER 2014. ABSTRACT: Despite the vast amount of scholarship completed on the First World War, relatively little work has focused on the British Left and the conflict. The aim of this thesis is to rectify this, by examining left-wing support for the war effort, and the implications of this for the labour movement. This study aims to ascertain the extent and nature of support for the war effort amongst the Left. It will survey the relationship between patriotism and the Left in the years before 1914, in order to give context for the events of the war years. It will then examine the reactions of the men and women of the Left – at both an elite and subaltern level – to the First World War. Furthermore, it will investigate how left-wing patriotism in this period impacted on the fortunes of the labour movement after the Armistice. The war also saw a great increase in the size and scope of the state, and the significance and implications of this will be examined. Finally, this thesis will aim to enhance our understanding as to why and how the labour movement was able to remain united and purposeful in the war years and immediately after 1918. Overall, this thesis will contribute to our understanding of the nature and extent of support for the war on the Left, the impact of the war on Labour’s electoral fortunes, the relationship between the Left and the state, and labour movement cohesion in this period.
    [Show full text]