DOCSLIB.ORG

State Experiments in Australia and New Zealand

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
State Experiments in Australia and New Zealand STATE EXPERIMENTS IN AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND BY WILLIAM PEMBER REEVES I" AUTHOR OF "THE LONG WHITE CLOUD IN TWO VOLUMES VOL. II WITH TWO MAPS E. P. DUTTON AND COMPANY 681 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK 1925 Ergo ipsas quamvis angusti terminus aevi Excipiat, neque enim plus septima ducitur aeataa, At genus . manet 3 LIBRARY 738784 TY OF 1 Reprinted in Saxony by the "Obral" process from a copy of the original edition printed by R. & R. Ciark. Limited, Edinburgh — CONTENTS CHAPTER I The Labour Question— PAOK Labour Laws: Their Origin . 1 Factory Laws ... .36 The Minimum Wage Law in Victoria and South Australia . 47 Industrial Arbitration (a) The Case for Compulsion . .69 - (b) The Act of 1894 ..... 85 - (c) Arbitration at Work . .107 (d) Mr. Wise's Act . .153 (e) Why Arbitration may succeed . .162 (/) Arbitration aud the Wage Board System compared 173 Shops and Shopping Laws . .181 Minor Labour Laws ..... 200 . , The Unemployed and State Employment . .216 CHAPTER II Old Age Pensions— — Old Age Pensions in New Zealand 242 -- Mr. Seddon's Act .... 250 A Pensions Law in Operation 258 Criticism ..... 265 Pensions Laws of New South Wales and Victoria 281 v STATE EXPERIMENTS CHAPTEK III PAGE Liquor Laws ....... 301 CHAPTEE IV The Exclusion of Aliens and Undesirables . 325 Index ...... 365 CHAPTER I the labour question ] Labour Laws : Their Origin In Europe, disaffected beings who protest against the unequal division of profits between capital and labour, and wno are unorthodox enough to believe that many of the conditions of industry are too monstrous and unnatural to be allowed to go on making human life a mere " procrastination of death," are usually warned off as seekers of the impossible. The very age and enormity of the wrongs they would attack are appealed to as proofs that these are inevitable parts of the frame of all great civilised societies. In the old world, in short, it is common for opponents of social reform either to rate 1 Authorities. —Most information is found in the annual reports of the inspectors of factories —A'ictoria, New Zealand, New South Wales, Queensland, and South Australia. The Victorian reports began to be published in the eighties ; those of New Zealand not until 1891, and of the other colonies not until 1897. Of the Victorian Parliamentary papers the most valuable are the reports and evidence of the Factories Act Inquiry Board, 1893. There are the publications of the Victorian Anti-Sweating League, and many articles in the Age and Argus newspapers in 1893 and other years. See also " Anti- Sweating and Factory Legislation in Victoria," by the Rev. John Hoatson, Westminster Review, October 1900. In the latter part of 1896 the Sydney Daily Telegraph published a series of fourteen articles, entitled "The Disastrous Effects of Protection in Victoria." They were written by a Melbourne free trader to discredit protectionism, but incidentally summarise the case against sweating. Note also "The Sweating System in Dunedin " (pamph.), Dunedin, 1889. For the nourishing condition of male adult labour in Victoria in the decade 1881-1891, see "The Eight-Hours Day in Victoria," a chapter in The Eight Hours Day by John Kae. l VOL. II B ! STATE EXPERIMENTS the poor as a shiftless and thriftless lot, whose troubles are of their own making, or to pose as fatalists ; when the wretchedness of poverty is spoken of, they shrug their shoulders, and fall back on the oriental Kismet In the colonies, for the most part, they have taken up a nearly opposite attitude. Instead of pleading the magnitude and antiquity of industrial evils as a reason for shrinking from trying to remove them, they deny their existence. Because in Australia and New Zealand the level of comfort amongst workers has been higher than in Europe, and even than in England, the laissez- faire party have been in the habit of scouting the notion that want and injustice are to be found. So it has come about that the comparatively high degree of com- fort amongst colonial workers has been the chief obstacle in the way of reform. A dozen years ago, when the demand for labour laws first grew strong, colonial work- people were almost always well fed ; most of them were well clothed, decently housed, and did not work for excessively long hours. A large number were paid wages which were nearly, if not quite, as high as their trade could afford. Only a small minority of men workers had to put up with wages which would at once strike an enlightened Englishman or American as low\ Unhappily this last could not be said of women or child workers. Still even their lot was—with some melancholy exceptions—above the European level. The climate of the colonies, too, is on the side of the workers. New Zealand's is ideal, so is Tasmania's, and the poor dread the summer heats of Australia far less than the cold of Northern Europe and America, where the long winters, with their short hours of daylight, mean that through half the year the workers toil from dark to dark. Even the poorest do not live in slums, are not LABOUR LAWS: THEIR ORIGIN driven to ask for shelter in workhouses through sheer lack of house-room, are not pawns in the hands of financiers who manipulate railways, and do not have their city's water supply stinted in hot weather. There is, indeed, a loneliness in the pastoral country of the interior compared with which the sleepiest English village is a humming hive ; but there is nothing in colonial cities as bad, or nearly as bad, as the slums of New York and London, or as thousands of city spots which are not slums, but which are soulless, ugly, and dispiriting. There is nothing to match the poorer streets in the English manufacturing towns of the Midlands and North, where the work-people, roused ere daylight in winter by the clang of the factory bell, troop to their unchanging round of narrow labour, trudging over the greasy cobblestones of streets lined with houses of grimy stone or sickly brick. Colonial work-people, too, are saved certain social contrasts and much social contempt. They do not even have to witness much of the flaunting luxury of the vulgar rich. Yet, because life is pleasanter for those who labour with their hands, it does not follow that all is always well. Much is often very far from well, and in the next few pages I propose to show this. If the workers' condition is better now than a decade ago, it is largely because abuses have been dealt with and evil tendencies checked. These abuses and ten- dencies are all the more noteworthy because the personal character of colonial employers as a class is very good. Most of them are kindly, well-meaning men and women, the very reverse of a race of sweaters and tyrants. If, then, in certain trades and in times of depression old- world evils hastened to reproduce themselves in young communities, it was because such things are inevitably begotten of capitalism and competition. The fact that STATE EXPERIMENTS employers on the one side and workpeople on the other are of a good stamp has not prevented the inevitable. Their general level of intelligence and honesty has, however, made possible the application of regulative remedies which would not have been possible amongst a lying, tricky, law-defying race. At no time and in no place probably was the work- ing man supposed to be more completely master of the situation than in Victoria durinsr the decade between 1881 and 1891. The colony was prosperous, with a prosperity of which the workers were believed to be having a full share. Whatever its economic cost may have been, the protectionist system deliberately adopted had helped to build up manufactures and find employ- ment. Not unreasonably, the Victorians thought to find in protection the means of attaching permanently to the colony the tens of thousands attracted thither by the great gold discoveries of the fifties. The inrush had been extraordinary. In 1846, after ten years of pastoral settlement, the province only held 33,000 colonists. Eleven years afterwards their number had grown to 410,000, and by 1881 the latter figures had more than doubled. By that time, however, the alluvial mines were being worked out. In the ten years after 1881 the number of the miners decreased by more than 50 per cent. In the same decade the increase of agricul- tural work-people was but 15 per cent, and of pastoral but 16 per cent. Yet the population grew by 33 per cent, and the richer section of it by much more than that. This was not due to any rapid growth of external trade. Imports, indeed, were worth some five millions more in 1891 than they had been ten years before; but the exports had not advanced at all, and were not half the value of the imports. What had grown were manu- LABOUR LAWS: THEIR ORIGIN factures, in which, probably, sixty thousand hands were busy. Borrowing, public and private, had been lavish, the latter especially. What is called in colonial journalese "a spirited policy of public works" had been pushed on ; but the energy 3hown in that way was nothing to the wild land speculation <vh;ck veat on towards the end of the period and which has since borne, such bitter fruit. While they k's ted, however,, the years of plenty went dancing by to the lightest of financial music. The season of the Melbourne boom was a merry time.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Victorian Historical Journal
    VICTORIAN HISTORICAL JOURNAL VOLUME 90, NUMBER 2, DECEMBER 2019 ROYAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF VICTORIA VICTORIAN HISTORICAL JOURNAL ROYAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF VICTORIA The Victorian Historical Journal has been published continuously by the Royal Historical Society of Victoria since 1911. It is a double-blind refereed journal issuing original and previously unpublished scholarly articles on Victorian history, or occasionally on Australian history where it illuminates Victorian history. It is published twice yearly by the Publications Committee; overseen by an Editorial Board; and indexed by Scopus and the Web of Science. It is available in digital and hard copy. https://www.historyvictoria.org.au/publications/victorian-historical-journal/. The Victorian Historical Journal is a part of RHSV membership: https://www. historyvictoria.org.au/membership/become-a-member/ EDITORS Richard Broome and Judith Smart EDITORIAL BOARD OF THE VICTORIAN HISTORICAL JOURNAL Emeritus Professor Graeme Davison AO, FAHA, FASSA, FFAHA, Sir John Monash Distinguished Professor, Monash University (Chair) https://research.monash.edu/en/persons/graeme-davison Emeritus Professor Richard Broome, FAHA, FRHSV, Department of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University and President of the Royal Historical Society of Victoria Co-editor Victorian Historical Journal https://scholars.latrobe.edu.au/display/rlbroome Associate Professor Kat Ellinghaus, Department of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University https://scholars.latrobe.edu.au/display/kellinghaus Professor Katie Holmes, FASSA, Director, Centre for the Study of the Inland, La Trobe University https://scholars.latrobe.edu.au/display/kbholmes Professor Emerita Marian Quartly, FFAHS, Monash University https://research.monash.edu/en/persons/marian-quartly Professor Andrew May, Department of Historical and Philosophical Studies, University of Melbourne https://www.findanexpert.unimelb.edu.au/display/person13351 Emeritus Professor John Rickard, FAHA, FRHSV, Monash University https://research.monash.edu/en/persons/john-rickard Hon.
    [Show full text]
  • Heritage Note Parliament of Victoria
    Parliamentary Library & Information Service Department of Parliamentary Services Heritage Note Parliament of Victoria No. 2, October 2016 Liquor, temperance and legislation: The origins of six o’clock closing in Victoria during WWI Liquor legislation in Victoria has always been a lively area of the law and it was particularly the case during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Long before the start of the First World War, various groups promoting abstinence from alcohol had brought pressure to bear on the Victorian Parliament. Numerous temperance organisations, churches and social reformers waged tireless campaigns against alcohol consumption, having some success but never achieving a total prohibition on alcohol at federal or state level in Australia.1 Over the years, a number of state parliamentarians were also prominent in the temperance debates. In 1915, the Parliament legislated to change the closing times of Victorian hotels from 11.30pm to 9.30pm, and then to the earlier closing time of 6pm in 1916. The six o’clock closing time was made permanent after the war in 1919 and it remained that way in Victoria for 50 years, until 1966. Early liquor legislation and alcoholic beverages.5 Over a period of many years, temperance interests sought to influence temperance interests Victorian liquor laws, with mixed success. One of The control of liquor licences and trading hours in the earliest temperance groups established in Victoria has been an issue of enduring concern to Melbourne was the Total Abstinence Society, the Parliament. Since separation from New South founded in 1842. The Society embarked on its Wales in 1851, Victoria has amended, reviewed work for ‘the prevention and cure of 6 and rewritten its liquor laws many times.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter Lvi. Early Sky-Larking and Duelling
    CHAPTER LVI. EARLY SKY-LARKING AND DUELLING. SYNOPSIS--Sergeant Staunton.-Origination of Larrikinism.-The Early Sky-larkers.-" The Charcoal Boys."-Two " Gentlemen Johns."—"Jack" T and "Jack" F .—Old Sam's Peccadilloes.—Dr. Martin and the Secreted Padlock.-D and his Sword.—The Melbourne " Nickers."—The Dog-and-Bell Trick. —The Duello.—The Clonmel " Text-Book ofHonour."-The"Thirty-six Commandments"—The First Duel—Peter Snodgrass versus William Ryrie. —A Nocturnal Ride in Search of Pistols. - Ammunition at a Premium.—A Lady on the Scene. —The Meeting. —The Fiasco.—Subsequent Challenges and Meetings—John Bourke and the Hawdon Duelling Pistols.—H 1 versus the Doctor.—D. Mc versus S .—Snodgrass versus Redmond Barry.—Powlett versus Hogue.—Craig versus Broadfoot.-The Honourable Gilbert Kennedy versus Demoulin.—"Jam Bullets" and "Jam Satis."—Ross Challenges Croke.—Playne Challenges Curr.—A Poultry Dispute.-Griffin Challenges Synnott.—Bulletless Pistols.-Another Fiasco. —The Honourable Gilbert Kennedy versus C .—Sprot versus Campbell.—A Flash in the Pan.—Doctor F versus Doctor T .—Allan versus Purcell—Arrest of the Principals.—Mr. Frank Stephen and the " Hand and Foot Trick." WILD OATS. pM-0 little ingenuity has been employed in tracing the origin of the term "larrikinism," as designating a comparatively modern human development, which has gathered into the most mischievous social ulcer of the present day, for its contagion communicates to both sexes of successive rising Ib(| generations of young colonists. Philologically, the word " lark " is traceable from more than one V./A- root; as, for instance, from the sky-lark that mounts in the air, and sings flying.
    [Show full text]
  • T He Hi S Tor Y of St. Kilda
    T HE HI S TOR Y OF ST. KILDA FROM ITS FIRST SETTLEMENT TO A CITY AND AFTER 1840 T O 1930 VOLUME I. Compiled by Order of the St. Kilda City Council by JOHN BUTLER COOPER " Aut scribenda agere, aut legenda scribere." " To do what is inset to be recorded, or to write what is worthy to be read." [Inscription taken from the monument of John Stow, London's 16th Century Historian and Topographer] Registered under the Commonwealth Copyright Act, 1912 Melbourne: PRINTERS PROPRIETARY LIMITED 27 LITTLE BOURKE STREET 1931 PREFACE I thank the Councillors of the City of St. Kilda for conferring upon me the distinguished honor of the appointment of Official Historian of the City of St. Kilda. I hope that my work will be considered by them of such merit as to justify their choice of myself for such an important commission. I am indebted to the Town Clerk, Mr. F. W. Chamberlin, for submitting to me old records of St. Kilda that he has, from time to time, patiently collected, and thoughtfully husbanded for historical purposes. In other ways Mr. Chamberlin has given to me generous assistance; and also inspiriting encouragement, in my attempt to complete the difficult task of writing the history, in such a way, as to be worthy of the city. I have endeavored to make, in the text, adequate acknowledgment of any source of important local information that I have happily tapped. Throughout the work I have indicated when it is a surmise I am projecting, so that the reader may not accept a surmise as face value for a fact, and so be misled.
    [Show full text]
  • Page Number Keywords 1 Cornelius Haley 2 Alexander Crichton
    Page Number Keywords 1 cornelius haley 2 alexander crichton, kangaroo ground 3 alexander crichton, kangaroo ground 4 glenda moriss, kangaroo ground, henry scarce 5 kangaroo ground school 6 kangaroo ground school 7 kangaroo ground, robert stevenson 8 kangaroo ground, isabella donaldson, james donaldson 9 kangaroo ground, henry scarce, john bell, dickson 10 11 alfred armstrong, john bell, john barr, thomas bell, alexander donaldson, andrew ross, alexander innes, john gardner, w.a. page, richard warren, thomas armstrong, william barr, william bell 12 13 andrew ross, james watts, henry stooke, nicholas rodda 14 kangaroo ground school, henry dendy, charles wingrove, andrew ross, toll gate 15 toll gate, henry dendy 16 henry dendy, w.a. page, f.e. falkiner 17 toll gate, henry stooke, william seaville, andrew ross, john gardner 18 eltham market, alfred armstrong, eltham pound, thomas batt, toll gate 19 eltham cemetery, thomas sweeney, richard lane, alfred armstrong, richard warren, john pearson, thomas huntford, thomas cochrane, kangaroo ground cemetery, walter wippell, henry scarce, andrew harkness, john jardine, henry dendy, henry stooke, john beale, thomas batt 20 henry stooke, william seaville, andrew ross, thomas batt, toll gate, latimour 21 thomas armstrong, henry stooke, john brown, thomas batt, john pearson 22 23 eltham pound, thomas batt, f. grundel, j. eccleston, john brown, john johns, george godber, g. houghton, james hewish, thomas mundy, william nuttall, w. trenoweth, james batchelor, w. ridley 24 eltham pound, john brown, thomas batt, henry stooke, thomas armstrong, lang 25 eltham pound, thomas batt, james mcpherson, william thomson, samuel cole, henry stooke, john bell, andrew ross, james spence, toll gate 26 kangaroo ground, henry stooke, eltham pound, thomas batt, john murray, john johns, james mcpherson, toll gate, james hawkins, john brown, j.
    [Show full text]
  • David Syme the Father of Protection in Australia
    David Syme The Father of Protection In Australia By Ambrose Pratt With Introduction By The Hon. Alfred Deakin Illustrated Ward Lock & Co. Ltd. London: Warwick House, Salisbury Square, E.C. Melbourne: Windsor House, MacKillop Street 1908 Digital edition prepared by Gary Edwards in Australia 11th September, 2006. David Syme Introduction By The Hon. Alfred Deakin When a final study of the career of David Syme appears, it must form part of the most memorable chapters in the history of the colony of Victoria and of the making of the Australian Commonwealth. These cannot be written until the lapse of time shall have furnished a sufficient perspective, an array of documents now unpublished, and also allowed the light of subsequent events to rest upon the work done by him during his long and fruitful life. No complete estimate, either of the man or his methods, being possible at present, the book to which these few paragraphs serve as an introduction makes no such pretence. Yet it possesses an immediate interest as well as the enduring value of original materials which cannot be superseded. A biography of this character, published today, comes opportunely while the facts which it chronicles are more in men's minds than they are likely to be years hence, when the freshness of impressions still current will have died away. For many years [begin page vi] past, so far as the public knew, Mr. Syme was The Age and The Age was Mr. Syme. Most Australians had no other knowledge of his life. To him the paper owed everything; its survival, character and policy.
    [Show full text]
  • Port Phillip Heritage Review
    Port Phillip Heritage Review Volume 1 – Version 35, March 2021 March 2021 Contents 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Port Phillip Heritage Review .................................................................................................................................. 4 1.2 Updating the Port Phillip Heritage Review ............................................................................................................ 5 2. Brief ........................................................................................................................................................................ 6 3. Study Method ....................................................................................................................................................... 7 3.1 Thematic Environmental History........................................................................................................................... 7 3.2 Field Survey ........................................................................................................................................................... 7 3.3 Heritage Overlay Areas ......................................................................................................................................... 8 3.4 Data Sheets ..........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Settler Colonial Governance in Nineteenth-Century Victoria Aboriginal History Incorporated Aboriginal History Inc
    Settler Colonial Governance in Nineteenth-Century Victoria Aboriginal History Incorporated Aboriginal History Inc. is a part of the Australian Centre for Indigenous History, Research School of Social Sciences, The Australian National University, and gratefully acknowledges the support of the School of History and the National Centre for Indigenous Studies, The Australian National University. Aboriginal History Inc. is administered by an Editorial Board which is responsible for all unsigned material. Views and opinions expressed by the author are not necessarily shared by Board members. Contacting Aboriginal History All correspondence should be addressed to the Editors, Aboriginal History Inc., ACIH, School of History, RSSS, 9 Fellows Road (Coombs Building), Acton, ANU, 2601, or [email protected]. WARNING: Readers are notified that this publication may contain names or images of deceased persons. Settler Colonial Governance in Nineteenth-Century Victoria Edited by Leigh Boucher and Lynette Russell Published by ANU Press and Aboriginal History Inc. The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at http://press.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Settler colonial governance in nineteenth century Victoria / Leigh Boucher and Lynette Russell (editors). ISBN: 9781925022346 (paperback) 9781925022353 (ebook) Subjects: Aboriginal Australians--Victoria--Government relations--History Aboriginal Australians--Government policy--Victoria--History Aboriginal Australians, Treatment of--Victoria--History. Victoria--Politics and government--19th century. Other Creators/Contributors: Boucher, Leigh, 1979-, editor. Russell, Lynette, editor. Dewey Number: 994.0049915 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • Settler Colonial Governance in Nineteenth-Century Victoria
    Settler Colonial Governance in Nineteenth-Century Victoria Settler Colonial Governance in Nineteenth-Century Victoria Edited by Leigh Boucher and Lynette Russell Published by ANU Press and Aboriginal History Inc. The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at http://press.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Settler colonial governance in nineteenth century Victoria / Leigh Boucher and Lynette Russell (editors). ISBN: 9781925022346 (paperback) 9781925022353 (ebook) Subjects: Aboriginal Australians--Victoria--Government relations--History Aboriginal Australians--Government policy--Victoria--History Aboriginal Australians, Treatment of--Victoria--History. Victoria--Politics and government--19th century. Other Creators/Contributors: Boucher, Leigh, 1979-, editor. Russell, Lynette, editor. Dewey Number: 994.0049915 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design by Ivo Lovric and layout by ANU Press Printed by Griffin Press This edition © 2015 ANU Press and Aboriginal History Inc. Contents Maps and Illustrations . .vii Acknowledgements . ix Introduction: Colonial history, postcolonial theory and the ‘Aboriginal problem’ in colonial Victoria . 1 Leigh Boucher and Lynette Russell 1 . ‘Tickpen’, ‘Boro Boro’: Aboriginal economic engagements in early Melbourne . 27 Lynette Russell 2 . ‘Thus have been preserved numerous interesting facts that would otherwise have been lost’: Colonisation, protection and William Thomas’s contribution to The Aborigines of Victoria . 47 Rachel Standfield 3 . The 1869 Aborigines Protection Act: Vernacular ethnography and the governance of Aboriginal subjects .
    [Show full text]
  • The Significance of Individual Contributions to the History of Kildonan Unitingcare
    The Significance of Individual Contributions to the History of Kildonan UnitingCare. SUBMITTED IN TOTAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY JULY 2018 NATIONAL SCHOOL OF ARTS SHARRON LANE B.A AND M.A. ABSTRACT This thesis explores the history of the Victorian community service organisation which until June 2017 was known as Kildonan UnitingCare, and its historical predecessors, through the prisms of leadership and change. The Neglected and Criminal Children’s Act 1864 established a child welfare system where both the government and private establishments could take charge of children. Successive governments did not merely tolerate these private providers but actively partnered with them, and over the course of two decades this entrenched a decentralised system. The thesis argues that this created an environment where individuals within private organisations could develop new methods of care and use their organisations as a platform to change the nature of the sector more broadly. Kildonan, established in 1881, provides three examples of such significant contributions. Selina Murray MacDonald Sutherland founded the work as a lady missionary at the Scots’ Church in Melbourne, and achieved a position of such prominence that she was able to persuade government to legitimate the work of private child rescuers through legislation, a recognition that was sought but rarely achieved by child rescue advocates in other parts of the world. In the 1950s two more leaders emerged, transforming not only Kildonan but also leading changes across the sector as a whole. Alison Player brought insights from her training as a social worker to lead the planning process that moved the organisation away from a focus on institutional care in the 1950s.
    [Show full text]
  • The Victorian Historical Magazine
    THE VICTORIAN HISTORICAL MAGAZINE Vol. I.] JANUARY, 1911. [No. 1. coDtTTEnsnrs. FAOX INTRODUCTORY NOTE .... - 1 THE LIBRARY : Publications Received EARLY COLLINGWOOD : Recollections of the 'Fifties and 'Sixties of Last Century. By EDWARD A. PETHERICK, F.R.G.S. - THE EARLY SETTLEMENT OF THE EASTERN SHORES OF PORT PHILLIP BAY. With a Note on the Aborigines of the Coast. By GEORGE GORDON MCCRAE . 17 PIONEERING ON THE LOWER MURRAY. By MITCHELL KILGOUR BEVERIDGE ..... 27 NOTES AND QUERIES : " Captain " Dutton'S Grave.—Early St. Kilda 30 (The Authors of Articles are responsible for the statements therein.) Published by THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF VICTORIA, Colonial Mutual Buildings, 421 Collins-street, Melbourne. PRieE ONE SHILLING (To Members Gratis). SLT 994.5005 V66 •.m - ..v.- The Victorian Historical Magazine. VOL. I.] JANUARY, 1911. [No. 1. Introductory Note. THE Historical Society of Victoria was established on 21st May, 1909, for the purpose of collecting and publishing material relating to the history of the State of Victoria, and since the October of that year has held monthly meetings, at each of which a paper dealing with some phase of the subject has been read and discussed. The first two of these papers are now given to members and to the public in printed form, to be followed by the remainder in their proper order as means permit of publication. In addition to the holding of meetings in Melbourne, efforts have been made by the Council to bring the Society's objects under notice in other parts of the State, and to induce the formation of sub-centres for the collection of historical material in the country districts.
    [Show full text]