Northampton County Tidal Marsh Inventory

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12-1977

Kenneth A. Moore Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Gene M. Silberhorn Virginia Institute of Marine Science

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Recommended Citation Moore, K. A., & Silberhorn, G. M. (1977) Northampton County Tidal Marsh Inventory. Special Reports in Applied Marine Science and Ocean Engineering No.139. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary. https://doi.org/10.21220/V5HT56

This Report is brought to you for free and open access by W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Reports by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NORTHAMPTON COUNTY TIDAL MARSH INVENTORY Special Report No.139 in Applied Marine Science and Ocean Engineering

Kenneth A. Moore

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VIRGINIA INSTITUTE OF MARINE SCIENCE Gloucester Point.Virginia 23062

DECEMBER 1977 NORTHAMPTON COUNTY TIDAL MARSH INVENTORY Special Report No.139 in Applied Marine Science and Ocean Engineering

Kenneth A. Moore

G.M. Silberhorn,Project Leader

VIRGINIA INSTITUTE OF MARINE SCIENCE Gloucester Point,Virginia 23062

Dr. William J. Hargis, Jr., Director DECEMBER 1977 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Funds for the publication and distribution of this report have been provided by the Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Coastal Zone Management, Grant Number 04-6-168-44037. I wish to express my sincere thanks to Mr. David Shea and Mr. Arthur Harris for their considerable field assistance. In addition, I would like to thank Mr. Michael Castagna and his staff at the Wachapreague Laboratory of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, for their support and help during the many weeks of field work that were home-based at their facility. For assistance in the preparation of this report I am indebted to Mr. Edward Briley for the cover design and map illustrations, Mr. William Jenkins for photographic work and Mr. Fred Biggs for publication procedures. Thanks also to Mr. Thomas Barnard, Jr., Dr. Gene Silberhorn and Col. George Dawes for their constructive criticism, suggestions and review of this publication. Finally, sincere thanks to Mrs. Carole Knox and Ms. Nancy Hudgins for typing the various drafts and the final manuscript.

11 NORTHAMPTON COUNTY TIDAL MARSH INVENTORY

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page Page Acknowledgements ...... ii Introduction ...... 1 Bay Side of Northampton County Methods ...... 2 Marsh Types and Evaluation ...... 3 Section IX. Occohannock Creek ...... 56 Marsh Types and Their Environmental Contributions ...... 4 Evaluation of Wetland Types ...... 5 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area ...... 62 Marsh Plants ...... 7 Glossary of Descriptive Terms ...... 8 Part 1. Killmon Cove, Nassawadox Creek ...... 63 Reference Map to Wetland Sections ...... 9 Part 2. Nassawadox Creek, Holly Grove Cove, Ocean Side of Northampton County Warehouse Creek ...... 69 Section I. Machipongo River, Fowling Point ...... 10 Part 3. Church Creek, Westerhouse Creek ...... 79 Section II. Hog Island, Rogue Island ...... 20 Section XI. Hungars Creek ...... 86 Section III. Ramshorn Channel, Elkins Marsh ...... 24 Section XII. Mattawoman Creek, The Gulf ...... 96 Section IV. Gull Marsh, Cobb Island ...... 30 Section XIII. Cherrystone Inlet ...... 104 Section V. Mockhorn Island ...... 36 Section XIV. Old Plantation Creek, Elliotts Creek ...... 114 Section VI. Wreck, Ship Shoal, Godwin, Myrtle Index to Marsh Locations ...... 122 Mink Islands ...... 42 Section VII. Smith Is land ...... 48 Section VIII. Cape Charles, Fishermans Island ...... 52

111 INTRODUCTION

This publication is the fourteenth in a series of marsh barrier islands and the mainland and between the Accomack County inventory reports compiled by the Department of Wetlands Research line to the north and Fisherman's Island to the south. Part 2 and Environmental Impact Assessment, Virginia Institute of includes Sections IX through XIV and describes the many fringe Marine Science. The thirteen reports that have been published and pocket marsh areas along the western shoreline. It includes are: the numerous tidal creeks which drain into the Chesapeake Bay as well those few marsh areas found along the Bay shoreline. Lancaster County Prince William County Northumberland County King George County Because the marshes and bays found along Northampton Mathews County City of Hampton County's ocean side are so large, the map plates for Part 1 York County and Fairfax County have been scaled at 1:42,000 to facilitate their presentation. the Town of Poquoson City of Virginia Beach, Vol. I In contrast, the shoreline along the Bay side is presented at Stafford County Gloucester County a scale of 1:24,000 to allow for the greater detail needed to Accomack County City of Newport News and display the many small marshes found there. Fort Eustis The extensive marsh areas found along Northampton County Under section 62. 1-13.4 of the Virginia Wetlands Act, the oceanside coastline are characterized by vast stands of salt Virginia Institute of Marine Science is obligated to inventory marsh cordgrass separated by large, shallow lagoons. Although the tidal wetlands of the Cotrllllonwealth. The inventory program the marshes encompass large areas, they are a relatively is designed to assist wetland boards, cities, counties, planning recent feature by geological standards. In many areas the districts and other local, state and federal agencies as well saltmarsh cordgrass peat forms only a thin veneer over the as the general public and private industry. This document, along underlying sand deposits. Although many of the marsh areas with its companion, the Shoreline Situation Report, Northampton are up to 4000 years old, many may be less than 1000 years old, County Va. 1974 VIMS SRAMSOE No. 54 is an essential document while some areas, such as those found behind Smith Island for those' who, are ' participating in the Cotrllllonwealth t s ongoing• (Section XIII), are probably less than 10 years old. Coastal Zone Management Planning Program. A number of marshes lying landward of Northampton County's A previously published study, Guidelines for Activities line of barrier islands are actually formed on the remnants of Affecting Virginia Wetlands, Silberhorn, Dawes and Barnard, 1974 ancient barrier islands, inlet sand deposits or dune ridges. VIMS SRAMSOE No. 46, will be helpful in the utilization of this The marsh areas surrounding Mockhorn Island (Section V) are an report. Excerpts from the above document are included in.the excellent sample, as are those found along a chain of islands following text, explaining marsh vegetation types and their known as Gull Marsh (Section IV). evaluation. It is our desire that these guidelines and inventory report will be useful to those concerned with conserving this The history of Virginia's Eastern Shore barrier islands, valuable resource. marshes and lagoons is one marked by long-term advance and retreat of the sea. At the present time sea level is slowly Northampton County contains some of the most extensive rising in relation to the land and many of Northampton County's wetlands areas found within the State of Virginia. Located at barrier islands are being forced westward. Every new ocean the southern half of Virginia's Eastern Shore peninsula it storm washes over sections of these islands, transporting contains 36 625 acres of tidal marshes. Of this total 96 per sand from the beach zones back onto the adjacent marsh areas. cent or 35 ' 220 acres, are located along t h e county I s eastern Sometimes marsh plants recolonize these areas, while other side: stret~hing in vast stands between the numerous barrier times the deposits will be of sufficient elevation to permit an islands and the mainland shoreline. Only 1405 acres are found invasion by beach and upland species. The net result would then along the county's many miles of western shoreline that border be a westward movement of the islands and loss of marsh. the Chesapeake Bay and the wide, tidal creeks which drain into the Bay. There are, however, many areas that are accreting marsh. Behind Smith Island, (Section VII) a change in drainage Because the wetlands of Northampton County can easily be patterns due to the closing of two small inlets has resulted in divided into two distinctly different physiographic provinces, the rapid spreading of saltmarsh cordgrass onto adjacent areas. this report is organized into two·parts. Part 1 includes There are also areas of new growth noted at the north end of Sections I through VIII. It describes all those wetlands Mockhorn Island (Section V) and along Magothy Bay (Section V). located along the county's eastern shoreline, between the

I The vast majority of the marsh areas found along Northampton METHODS County's ocean side is dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass (Type I) wetlands. Areas of high marsh (Type II) are for the most part only found along the modern, upland shoreline or along the Aerial photographs and topographic maps (U.S.G.S) were back sides of the barrier islands. There are virtually no utilized to obtain wetland locations, wetland boundaries and tidal freshwater marsh species to be found in this section of patterns of marsh vegetation. Acreages and wetland boundaries the county. were substantiated by observations on foot, by boat and by low level overflights. Individual plant species percentages are The extensive saltmarsh cordgrass wetlands (Type I), quantitative estimated of coverage based on visual field of the ocean side may be divided into three distinct growth inspections of every marsh. In some instances, these percentages forms: tall, intermediate and short. Tall-form saltmarsh are subject to seasonal bias. cordgrass, which at full growth stands 4-6 feet in height, is generally found along the many drainage channels or throughout Field data were collected from June through September extensive areas of low elevation where it can receive good tidal 1975 with some areas visited during the summer of 1976. Most flushing. Intermediate-form saltmarsh cordgrass also is found areas, especially along the barrier islands, have been updated in areas of low elevation but attains heights of only 3-4 feet. using aerial photography and data are accurate to August 1977. Short-form saltmarsh cordgrass on the other hand, is generally found only in interior sections of marsh where the surface Marshes one quarter of an acre or larger are designated by elevation is at or near mean high water. Poor flushing rates, number. Many marshes smaller than one quarter acre (usually combined with inadequate drainage and high soil salinities narrow fringing marshes) are designated by the same symbol reduce this growth form to one foot or less in height. Associated (shaded) as the larger marshes on the section maps but assigned with these zones of short-form cordgrass several species of no number. Small marshes (less than one acre) may be exaggerated saltwort are usually found, and in areas where salinities are and not indicated to scale. Information such as individual greatest only the saltwort exists. marsh acreage, plant species percentage and acreage, marsh type and other observations are recorded in tabular form. The marsh areas found along Northampton County's western, Plant species percentages are recorded to the nearest percent Bayside shoreline are again dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass. and acreages to the nearest tenth of an acre. In marshes of However, as compared to the ocean side, lower salinities less than one acre the plant species are recorded to the neares~ combined with other factors allow for greater percentage hundredth of an acre. In those instances where an individual abundance of species such as: saltmeadow grasses, saltbushes, plant species is estimated to amount to less than 0.5 percent, black needlerush, cattails and big cordgrass. Both saltwort the symbol(-) is used to indicate a trace amount. and saltmarsh cordgrass are found to comprise lower percentages of the Bayside marshes than oceanside marshes. In addition, the saltmarsh cordgrass is virtually all tall or intermediate in growth form. The majority of the marsh areas found along this western shoreline are of small fringe and pocket-type marshes. Although small, they nevertheless help to protect the shoreline from erosion as well as filter upland runoff. Although abundant within the large creek systems, there are generally few marshes found along the Chesapeake Bay shoreline between the creeks. This type of shoreline cortsists largely of sand beach with adjacent uplands that are undercut during storm periods. From Old Plantation (Section XIV), south to Fisherman's Island (Section VIII) there are no tidal marshes present, therefore this section of shoreline is not included in this inventory.

2 MARSH TYPES AND EVALUATION

For a better understanding of what is meant by marsh "3. Erosion buffer. Erosion is a conunon problem. types, some background information is required. The personnel Marshes can be eroded, but some, particularly the more saline of the Wetland Research Section had classified twelve different types, are eroded much more slowly than adjacent shores which conunon marsh types in Virginia, based on vegetational composition. are unprotected by marsh. This buffering quality is derived These marsh types have been evluated according to certain values from the ability of the vegetation to absorb or dissipate and are recorded in the Guidelines report. The following is a wave energy by establishing a dense root system which stabilizes brief outline of the wetland types and their evaluation as found the substrate. Generally, freshwater species are less effective in that publication. than saltwater plants in this regard. "It is recognized that most wetlands areas, with the "4. Water quality control. The dense growth of some exception of the relatively monospecific cordgrass marshes of marshes acts as a filter, trapping upland sediment before it the Eastern Shore, are not homogenously vegetated. Most reaches waterways and thus protecting shellfish beds and navi marshes are, however, dominated by a major plant. By providing gation channels from siltation. Marshes can also filter out the manager with the primary values of each conununity type and sediments that are already in the water column. The ability the means of identification he then has a useful and convenient of marshes to filter sediments and maintain water clarity is of tool for weighing the relative importance of each marsh parcel. particular importance to the maintenance of clam and oyster In Virginia, many wetlands management problems involve only a production. Excessive sedimentation can reduce the basic food few acres or a fraction of an acre. The identification of supply of shellfish through reduction of the photic zone where plant conununities permits the manager to evaluate both complete algae grows. It can also kill shellfish by clogging their gills. marshes and subareas within a marsh. Additionally marshes can assimilate and degrade pollutants through complex chemical processes, a discussion of which is "Each marsh tyPP may be evaluated in accordance with five beyond the scope of this paper ... " general values. These are: "5. Flood buffer. The peat substratum of some marshes "l. Production and detritus availabilit . Previous VIMS acts as a giant sponge in receiving and releasing water. reports have iscusse t e etai so mars production and the This characteristic is an effective buffer against coastal role of detritus which results when the plant material is flooding, the effectiveness of which is a function of marsh washed into the water column. The term "detritus" refers to type and size. plant material which decays in the aquatic system and forms the basis of a major marine food web. The term "production" refers to the amount of plant material which is produced by the various types of marsh plants. Vegetative production of the major species has been measured and marshes have been rated in accordance with their average levels of productivity. If the production is readily available to the marine food web as detritus, a wetlands system is even more important than one of equal productivity where little detritus results. Availability of detritus is generally a function of marsh elevation and total flushing, with detritus more available to the aquatic environment in the lower, well-flushed marshes. "2. Waterfowl and wildlife utilization. Long before marshes were discovered to be detritus producers, they were known as habitats for various manunals and marsh birds and as food sources for migratory waterfowl. Some marsh types, especially mixed freshwater marshes, are more valuable because of diversity of the vegetation found there.

3 MARSH TYPES AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT CONTRIBUTIONS

(Edited from Guidelines for Activities Affecting Virginia Wetlands) Type V Big Cordgrass Community a. 3-6 tons per acre per annum. "Research and marsh inventory work accomplished by VIMS b. Detritus less available than from Type I. personnel indicate that 10 species of marsh vegetation tend to c. Habitat for small animals and used for muskrat dominate many marshes, the dominant plant depending on water lodges. salinity, marsh elevation, soil type and other factors. The d. Effective erosion buffer. term "dominant" is construed to mean that at least 50% of the e. Flood water assimilation. vegetated surface of a marsh is covered by a single species. Brackish and freshwater marshes often have no clearly dominant Type VI Cattail Community species of vegetation. These marshes are considered to be highly valuable in environmental terms." a. 2-4 tons per acre per annum. b. Habitat for birds and utilized by muskrats. c. Traps upland sediments.

Type I Saltmarsh Cordgrass Community Type VII Arrow Arum-Pickerel Weed Community a. Average yield 4 tons per acre per annum. (Optimum a. 2-4 tons per acre per annum. growth up to 10 tons per acre. b. Detritus readily available to marine environment. b. Optimum availability of detritus to the marine c. Seeds eaten by wood ducks. environment. d. Susceptible to erosion from wave action and boat c. Roots and rhizomes eaten by waterfowl and stems wakes: particularly in winter months. used in muskrat lodge construction. Also serves as nesting material for various birds. Type VIII Reed Grass Community d. Deterrent to shoreline erosion. e. Serves as sediment trap and assimilates flood a. 4-6 tons per acre per annum. waters. b. Little value to wildlife except for cover. c. Invades marshes and competes with more desirable Type II Saltmeadow Community species. d. Deters erosion on disturbed sites. a. 1-3 tons per acre per annum. b. Food (seeds) and nesting areas for birds. Type IX Yellow Pond Lily Community c. Effective erosion deterrent. d. Assimilates flood waters. a. Less than 1 ton per acre per annum. e. Filters sediments and water material. b. Cover and attachment site for aquatic animals and algae. Type III Black Needlerush Community c. Feeding territory for fish. a. 3-5 tons per acre per annum. Type X Saltwort Community b. Highly resistant to erosion. c. Traps suspended sediments but not as effective as a. Less than 0.5 tons per acre per annum. Type II. b. Little value to aquatic or marsh animals. d. Somewhat effective in absorbing flood waters. Type XI Freshwater Mixed Community Type IV Saltbush Community a. 3-5 tons per acre per annum. a. 2 tons per acre per annum or less. b. High diversity of wildlife. b. Nesting area for small birds and habitat for a c. High diversity of wildlife foods. variety of wildlife. d. Often associated with fish spawning and nursery c. Effective trap for flotsam. grounds. e. Ranks high as a sediment trap and nursery grounds.

4 EVALUATION OF WETLAND TYPES Group Four: Saltbush (Type IV) (From Guidelines for Activities Affecting Virginia Wetlands) The saltbush connnunity is valued primarily for the diversity and bird nesting area it adds to the marsh ecosystem. To a lesser For management purposes, the twelve types of wetlands identified extent it acts as an erosion buffer. Group Four marshes should above are grouped into five classifications based on the estimated not be unnecessarily disturbed but it would be better to concentrate total environmental value of an acre of each type. necessary development in these marshes rather than disturb any of the marshes in the preceding groups. Group One: Saltmarsh Cordgrass (Type I) Arrow Arum-Pickerel Weed (Type VII) Group Five: Saltwort (Type X) Freshwater Mixed (Type XI) Reedgrass (Type VIII) Brackish Water Mixed (Type XII) Based on present information Group Five marshes have few Group One marshes have the highest values in productivity and values of any significance. While Group Five marshes should not wildfowl and wildlife utility and are closely associated with fish be unreasonably disturbed, it is preferable to develop in these spawning and nursery areas. They also have high value as erosion marshes than in any other types. inhibitors, are important to the shellfish industry and values as natural shoreline stabilizers. Group One marshes should be preserved. Group Two: Big Cordgrass (Type V) Saltmeadow (Type II) Cattail (Type VI) Group Two marshes are of only slightly lesser value than Group One marshes. The major difference is that detritus produced in these marshes is less readily available to the marine environment due to higher elevations and consequently less tidal action to flush the detritus into adjacent waterways. Group Two marshes have very high values in protecting water quality and acting as buffers against coastal flooding. These marshes should also be preserved, but if development in wetlands is considered to be justified it would be better to alter Group Two marshes than Group One marshes. Group Three: Yellow Pond Lily (Type IX) Black Needlerush (Type III) The two marshes in the Group Three category are quite dis similar in properties. The yellow pond lily marsh is not a significant contributor to the food web but it does have high values to wildlife and waterfowl. Black needlerush has little wildlife value but it ranks high as an erosion flood buffer. Group Three marshes are important though their total values are less than Group One and Two marshes. If development in wetlands is considered necessary, it would be better to alter Group Three marshes than Groups One or Two.

5 For a better understanding of the Northampton County wetlands, Wetlands Guidelines the Wetlands Act of 1972, marsh types and their evaluation and other Virginia Marine Resources Conunission related subjects, the following publications are reconunended: 2401 West Avenue Newport News, Virginia 23607 Coastal Wetlands of Virginia Tidal Wetland Plants of Virginia Interim Report No. 3 Educational Series No. 19 Guidelines for Activities Gene M. Silberhorn, illustrated by Affecting Virginia's Wetlands Mary Warriner, Aug. 1976 Special Report in Applied Marine Virginia Institute of Marine Science Science and Ocean Engineering No. 46 Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062 Gene M. Silberhorn, George M. Dawes Thomas A. Barnard, Jr., June 1974 The Virginia Coast Reserve Study Virginia Institute of Marine Science R. D. Dueser, M.A. Graham, G. J. Hennessey, Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062 C. Mccaffrey, A. W. Nierdoroda, T. E. Rice, B. Williams. The Nature Conservancy Coastal Wetlands of Virginia Arlington, Virginia 22209 Interim Report No. 2 Special Report in Applied Marine Science and Ocean Engineering No. 27 Kenneth Marcellus, July 1972 Virginia Institute of Marine Science Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062 Coastal Wetlands of Virginia Interim Report Special Report in Applied Marine Science and Ocean Engineering No. 10 Marvin Wass and Thomas Wright, December 1969 Virginia Institute of Marine Science Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062 Laws of Virginia Relating to Wetlands and Subaqueous Waters Virginia Marine Resources Conunission 2401 West Avenue Newport News, Virginia 23607

6 MARSH PLANTS Common and Scientific Names as described in the DATA TABLES

Big Cordgrass Soartina cynosuroides (L.) Roth Saltmeadow Grasses Black Needlerush Juncus roemerianus Scheele Saltgrass Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene Catt ails Saltmeadow Hay Spartina patens (Aithon.) Muhl. Common Typha latifolia L. Saltwort Salicornia spp. Narrow-leaved Typha angustifolia L. Sea Lavender Limonium carolinianum (Walter) Britton. Mars h-fleabane Pluchea purpurascens (Swartz) DC. Sea Oxeye Borrichia frutescens (L.) DC. Marsh Hisibcus Hibiscus moscheutos L. Suaeda* Suaeda linearis (Ell.) Moq. Marsh Mallow* Kosteletskya virginica (L.) Presl. Water-hemp* Amaranthus cannabina (L.) J. D. Sauer Olney Threesquare Scirpus olneyi Gray Reed Grass Phragmites australis (CAV.) Trinex Steud. Saltbushes Groundsel Tree Baccharis halimifolia L. Marsh Elder Iva frutescens L. Saltmarsh Aster* Aster tenuifolius L. Saltmarsh Bulrush Scirpus robustus Pursh. Saltmarsh Cordgrass Spartina alterniflora Loisel. Saltmarsh Fimbristylis* Fimbristylis suadicea (L.) Vahl.

*Marsh Species Not Included in Wetlands Act of 1972

7 Glossary of Descriptive Terms

cove marsh fringe marsh a marsh which borders along a section of shoreline and generally ~ marsh contained within a concavity or recessed area on a shoreline; the has a much greater length than marsh vegetation is usually found width or depth. surrounding a central, open-water pond, and tidal flushing is permit ted through an inlet.

high marsh low marsh creek or embayed marsh the marsh surface is at an the marsh surface is at an elevation of mean high water elevation below mean high water; a marsh occupying a drowned creek or above; it is usually inundated it is usually inundated twice valley; in many large creek marshes less than twice daily by tidal daily by tidal action. the salinity decreases headward; action. this type of marsh may be divided for inventory purposes into sections if significant changes in the plant community occur along marsh island its length. an isolated marsh surrounded on all sides by open water; interior portions of the marsh may contain trees scattered delta marsh at highest elevations. a marsh found growing on sediment deposited at the mouth of a tidal creek; tidal exchange through the creek mouth is usually restricted pocket marsh to narrow channels by the marsh. a marsh contained within a small, essentially semi-circular area on a shoreline.

extensive marsh a large marsh where the length point or spit and depth or width are roughly marsh comparable; most extensive marshes are drained by many a marsh which extends from the tidal channels and creeks which uplands in the form of a point have little freshwater input. or spit; its development is usually influenced by tidal currents that form a sand berm behind which the marsh forms. /////

8 --- II.

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XIII.

IV.

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XIV.

REFERENCE MAP WETLAND SECTION

VII. NORTHAMPTON COUNTY

INDEX TO COUNTY LOCATION Section I. Machipongo River, Fowling Point

This section of Northampton County shoreline includes those marsh areas which are found bordering the uplands to the west of Hog Island Bay and continuing along one side of the Machipongo River and Parting Creek. The most extensive of these marsh areas are found in the regions of Fowling Point, Short Prong Marsh and Crabbing Marsh (#38, 43, 48). These marshes are typical of most of the other wetland areas located along the ocean side of Northampton County. Saltmarsh cordgrass (Type I) dominates throughout and characteristically reaches its tallest growth form along the channel edges. Proceeding to interior sections of higher elevation within the marshes the cordgrass is found to be greatly reduced in height and is mixed with saltwort (Type X), a species tolerant of the higher soil salinities associated with these less well drained areas. Those marsh areas located in the vicinity of Castle Ridge, Brick House Neck or the Hannnocks (#24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 32, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40) are formed along low ridges which parallel the modern, upland shoreline. These narrow ridges of low elevation are actually the remnants of an ancient shoreline that existed when sea level stood at a much different level than is found today. They are evident along most of Northampton County's eastern, upland edge continuing south to Cape Charles (Sections III, V, VIII). The characteristic vegetation of these drowned land forms consists of cedar, pine and other upland species at highest elevations. These upland areas then grade to high marsh with abundant sea oxeye, saltbushes and saltmeadow grasses (Type II). Zones of lowest elevation near the drainage creeks are primarily vegetated with saltmarsh cordgrass (Type I). In addition to the extensive low marsh areas and high marsh ridge and hunnnock formations, this section of Northampton County shoreline includes many creek marshes which extend well into the uplands. Many of these marsh areas, such as those found at the head of Phillip's Creek (#29), contain both saltmarsh cordgrass as well as many high marsh species such as: black needlerush, saltmeadow grasses, saltbushes, and saltwort. Many also contain scattered stands of Olney threesquare and cattails.

10 8

HOG ISLAND BAY

SANDY POINT ·+·e)/9 SCALE l : 42,000

1000 0 1000 5000 FEET

LONG PRONG

PRONG

BOX TREE CREEK •c, 'VI. 0 ...... Section I. Machipongo River, Fowling Point

(l) .c .... .c (/) (/) rn :J .... :J (l) :J .... (/) (l) C ...... (/) :J ..... cr - (/) (/) rn (l) (l) :J (/) u ~ Q. (l) .0 (l) (/) "O co rn (/) 0 <( ..... (/) ~ (/) "O (l) (/) (l) (l) C .... rn (l) (/) Q. .c (/) 0 (l) CJ) .0 - E (l) .... (l) >- (l) .c rn (l) .c .c == ...... ::t:. rn >- (/) (/) "O (l) (l) (/) (/) (/) >- .c u ._ rn (/) .c ..... > "O I ~ I ...... LL u .... I- rn (/) .... (/) X ...... I- (.'.) ru <( rn ._ (l) (l) z rn rn 0 rn ro.~ 0 (/) :J 0 .....J .c .c .... .c "O .c E CJ> ..::t:. 0 () (/) (l) E ._ >- (/) a: (l) (/) rn ..... "O E (/) .0 ~ rn E (/) E ...... 0 (l) "O ...... u ...... ::: .... rn (l) rn - .... - rn rel rn rn CJ) rel rel rel -E C rel rel 0 rel 0 rel .... co rel rel (l) (l) rel rel rel ·- (l) (l) :J # Marsh Location I- (f) () (f) ('.) (f) co (f) () (f) (f) (f) co ~ ~ ~ (f) (fJ LL 0 ~ (f) a: (f) Observations ~

% 85 10 5 - - Parting Marsh fringe; saltmarsh cordgrass grades back then to salt- I 1 Creek 2.1 to zone of saltmeadow grasses acres 1.8 0.2 0.1 - - bushes.

% 75 10 5 - 10 - Parting Pocket marsh; lower portion dominated by salt- 2 11.2 I Creek marsh cordgrass; grades upstream to high acres 8.4 1.1 0.6 - 1.1 - marsh areas.

. % 97 2 1 - Recently established wide fringing marsh Parting 3 72.0 dominated by tall form saltmarsh cordgrass; I Creek Saltbushes and meadow fringe along uplands. acres 69.8 1.4 0.7 -

% 90 2 5 3 - Large shallow tidal cove; recently established Willis in tall and medium form saltmarsh cordgrass I 4 Wharf 43.5 wide fringe around shoreline; saltbushes and 39.2 2.2 acres 0.9 1.3 - meadow grasses in zone along upland.

% 60 5 - 35 - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe; Parting ,_' 5 2.9 cordgrass grades back to high marsh areas of I Creek sal twort. acres 1. 7 0.1 - 1.0 -

dominated by saltmarsh % 90 3 2 5 - Extensive marsh secticn Machipongo cordgrass; tall form predominates along creek 6 River 154.9 channels while short form is found in less well I acres 139.4 4.6 3.1 7.7 - drained areas; saltbushes and meadow fringe a onl! unlands. Upstream section of extensive marsh area; % 60 35 5 - - - mostly short form saltmarsh cordgrass with Machipongo I 7 River 40.9 large areas of saltwort bordering upland areas. acres 24.5 2.0 - 14 .3 - - Extensive marsh area extends back between % 95 - 5 - ridges of upland; short form cordgrass dominat- Machipongo - in zone along river and between upland I 8 River 174.8 es acres 166.1 - - 8.7 - areas; remainder mostly intermediate form saltmarsh cordgrass.

13 Section I. Machipongo River, Fowling Point (continued) _,

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% 50 25 10 - 5 - - - Creek marsh formed along several branches at Greens head of creek; cordgrass along channels grades 42.0 I 11 Creek to high marsh of saltmeadow and saltbushes. acres 25.2 10.5 4.2 - 2 .. 1 - - -

Pocket marsh at head of creek branch; upstream % 80 5 - - 15 - area dominated by large zone of saltwort with 12 Greens 36.6 I Creek saltgrass; remainder mostly intermediate and acres 29.3 1.8 - - 5.5 - short form saltmarsh cordgrass. Pocket marsh area extends from creek back be- % 60 5 5 30 - tween upland areas; large patches of saltwort Greens dominate interior sections; meadow and salt- 13 55.9 I Creek bushes along uplands; remainder is saltmarsh 2.8 16.8 acres 33.5 2.8 - cordgrass. Narrow pocket marsh extends between upland % 80 5 - 15 - ridges; grades from saltmarsh cordgrass back Greens 14 25.9 to saltwort and meadow grasses. I Creek acres 20.7 1.3 - 3.9 - Extensive marsh section of mostly intermediate % 90 - - 10 - form saltmarsh cordgrass; areas of short form Machipongo I 15 79.9 cordgrass bordering edge of river; saltwort River in interior sections. acres 71. 9 - - 8.0 -

% 80 5 - 15 - Creek marsh section; dominated by intermediate Upshur form saltmarsh cordgrass; large areas of I 16 Creek 16.6 acres 13.3 0.8 - 2.5 - saltwort and saltgrass along uplands.

14 Section I. Machipongo River, Fowling Point (continued)

Q.) ..c ...... c (/) Ctl (/) ::::, .... ::::, Q.) ::::, (/) Q.) .... ::::, O" C ...... (/) Ctl Q.) Q.) -::::, (/) u ~ (/) (/) (/) 0 Q. -<( Q.) .0 (/) Q.) (/) "O en Ctl ~ (/) "O Q.) (/) Q.) Ctl Q.) C .... - E Q.) (/) Q. ..c (/) 0 Q.) Q.) >, ..c 0) .0 Ctl ..c ..c :.= .... Q.) - .... Q.) Q.) .::s:. Ctl >, (/) (/) "O (/) Q.) Q.) (/) "O (/) (/) >, ..c u .... Ctl ..c > I ~ I LL u .... I- Ctl Q.) (/) .... (/) ...... I- cu <( Ctl .... z X Ctl Ctl Ctl.... - 0 <, Q.) (/) -0 0 Ctl .!:!? ::::, ...J ..c ..c .... >, ..c "O ..c .::s:. '(i; 0 (.) (/) Q.) E .._ (/) cc Q.) (/) -Ctl E.g> .0 ~ E (/) E _.c Q.) "O :!:=. .... :!=.E "'Ctl :!:=. u Ctl Ctl :!:=...... :!:=. .... Ctl Q.) Ctl .... Ctl 0) Ctl Ctl Ctl -E C Ctl Ctl -0 CO 0 Ctl .... Ctl -Ctl -Ctl Q.) Q.) Ctl - Ctl Ctl ·- Q.) Q.) ::::, Cl) (.) Cl) Cl) (.)- Cl) Cl) Cl) Cl) Cl) # Marsh Location I- <, en Cl) Cl) en ~ ~ 3:: Cl) LL 0 ~ cc Observations ~ Creek marsh branch; surrounded on three sides % 90 - - 10 - by areas of upland and narrow dirt road; mostly Upshur 17 33.6 short and int~rmediate form saltmarsh cord- I Creek grass with patches of saltwort. acres 30.2 - - 3.4 -

% 80 5 - 15 Creek marsh section; saltmarsh cordgrass pre- - - dominates throughout with saltmeadow grasses 18 Upshur 57.4 I Creek along uplands; large patches of saltwort. acres ~5.9 2.9 - - 8.6 -

% 75 10 5 - 10 -- Pocket marsh area at head of creek branch, Upshur - saltmarsh cordgrass predominates near creek I 19 Creek 20.1 channels with meadow grasses in pockets acres 15.1 2.0 1.0 - 2.0 -- - along uplands.

% 75 10 5 - 10 Pocket marsh at head of creek branch; meadow grasses abundant in interior section; salt- Upshur I 20 Creek 67.2 bushes fringe along uplands; remainder mostly acres 50.4 6.7 3.4 - 6.7 saltmarsh cordgrass.

Creek marsh section that extends back to form % 70 10 5 15 - several pocket marsh areas; predominately Upshur saltmarsh cordgrass with patches of saltwort I 21 Creek 55.9 acres 39.1 5.6 2.8 8.4 - and saltmeadow grasses.

% 90 10 - Extensive marsh area; predominately intermedi- - ate and short form saltmarsh cordgrass with Machipongo I 22 274.6 saltwort in the most poorly drained areas; River 27.5 acres 247.1 - - some meadow along uplands.

% 95 5 Marsh island almost entirely saltmarsh cord- Machipongo grass; short form cordgrass dominates interior I 23 River 23.8 with patches of saltwort. acres 22.6 1.2

dominated by saltmarsh % 5 Creek marsh section; 90 5 - - -- cordgrass with fringe of meadow grasses along 24 The Hammocks 47.9 uplands; patches of saltbushes, meadow, and I acres 43.1 2.4 - - 2.4 - - sea oxeye.

15 Section I. Machipongo River, Fowling Point (continued)

(]) .c. L.. .c. Cl) ctl Cl) L.. (]) :::::, Cl) :::::, :::::, L.. (]) C L.. L.. - Cl) :::::, O" (]) (]) :::::, Cl) (.) ~ en en ctl Cl) a. -<( (]) ..0 Cl) - "O CD ctl 0 ..... en (]) ~ "O (]) L.. Cl) ctl (]) en C (]) (]) .c. Cl) 0 (]) 0) ..0 - E L.. (]) en a. L.. (]) >, (]) .c. ctl (]) .c. .c. ~ >, "O (]) Cl) =>, ctl (.) en w .c...... (]) en "O Cl) .c. (.) L.. L.. ctl ctl en L.. > L.. L.. I ~ I L.. L...... LL I- <( (]) Cl) Cl) X I- cu ctl L.. (]) z 0 ctl ctl 0 ctl ctl -~ 0 C, Cl) :::::, ·-- _J .c. .c. L.. >, .c. "O .c. ~ 0 (_) Cl) (]) E ..._ a: - E °' E en ..0 ~ ctl E en E (]) en "O (]) en ctl ..... "O (.) ..... L.. L...... 0 L.. L...... - L...... ctl ...... ctl ctl ...... ::: ctl (]) ctl ctl Ol ctl ctl ctl -E C ctl ctl 0 ctl 0 ctl L.. ctl ctl ctl (]) (]) ctl ctl ctl ·- (]) (]) :::::, (/) (_) (/) (_)- (/) (/) # Marsh Location I- (/) C, CD (/) (/) CD ~ ~ ~ (/) (/) LL 0 ~ (/) a: (/) Observations ~

isolated by % 80 5 5 - 10 - Upstream drainage area of creek; ridges of upland and dirt causeway; meadow I 25 The Hannnocks 74. 9 grasses and saltbushes along uplands and in acres 59.9 3.7 3.7 - 7.5 - pocket areas.

% 95 - -- 5 - Creek marsh section; extends back to upland Red Bank hannnocks; intermediate and tall form salt- I 26 Creek 65.7 marsh cordgrass grades back to zone of short 3.3 acres 62.4 - -- - form along uplands.

% 60 30 - 10 - Pocket marsh area formed between upland Phillips hannnocks; short form cordgrass mixed with I 27 Creek 14 .8 patches of saltwort grades back to salt- acres 8.9 4.4 - 1.5 - meadow grasses.

% 85 - - 15 - Creek marsh section; dirt fill causeway forms Phillips short and intermediate forms 70.5 back of marsh; I 28 Creek of saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with large acres 10.6 59.9 - - - patches of saltwort.

% 35 30 5 25 5 - - - Upstream section of creek marsh; tall form saltmarsh cordgrass along channels grades Phillips XII 29 Creek 125.3 back to large meadow and needlerush areas; acres 43.9 37.6 6.3 31.3 6.3 - - - saltbushes along uplands.

% 30 15 20 20 15 - - - Pocket marsh area formed by one branch of Phillips creek; saltmarsh cordgrass dominates along XII 30 Creek 47.5 acres 14 .2 7.1 9.5 9.5 7.1 - - - creek; grades back to areas of saltbushes, needlerush and meadow grasses.

% 35 50 5 5 5 - - Upstream pocket marsh area dominated by high Phillips IV 31 Creek 13.6 marsh species; a branch of Phil lips Creek acres - 4.8 6.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 - drainage.

% 85 - - 15 - Phillips Creek marsh formed between two creek branches; I 32 Creek 64.0 mostly saltmarsh cordgrass with large areas acres 54.4 - - 9.6 - of sal twort.

16 Section I. Machipongo River, Fowling Point (continued)

Q.) .c. I... .c. (/) (t3 (/) I... Q.) ::::, (/) ::::, ::::, I... Q.) C I... (/) ::::, +-' cr I... - (t3 Q.) Q.) ::::, (/) (..) 3: (/) (/) Cl) (/) 0 a. <( Q.) .0 (/) Q.) (/) 3: "O "O ro (/) (t3 +-' (/) Q.) C I... Q.) Q.) (/) a. Q.) .c. (/) 0 Q.) 0) .0 - E I... Q.) I... Q.) >, Q.) .c. ro Q.) .c. .c. == ~ >, (/) (/) "O Q.) (/) (/) (/) >, ro (..) (/) ..c ..... Q.) "O .c. (..) I... I... (t3 I... > I... I... I ~ I I... I...... LL I- ro Q.) (/) (/) X I- C, cu <( (t3 I... Q.) z 0 ro ro 0 ro ro .!!2 0 (/) ::::, 0 ...J .c. .c. I... >, .c. a: "O .c. E o, (/) ~ 'cti (.) (/) (/) Q.) E .... (/) "O Q.) (/) - ..... "O E .0 3: E E ...... 0 Q.) I... ro ..... :!:! (..) +-' ..... :!:! I... I... +-' :!:! I... Q.) ..... - I... ro ..... ro ro 0) ro -E C ro ro ro 0 ro o ro .... ro ro ro ro Q.) Q.) ro ro ro ro ro ·- ro Q.) Q.) ::::, # Marsh Location I- (/') (.) (/') C, (/') Cl) (/') (.) (/') (/') (/') CD ~ ~ ~ (/') U) LL -0 ~ (/') a: (/') Observations ~

% 90 2 2 1 5 Creek marsh formed along one branch of creek; Red Bank mostly saltmarsh cordgrass with patches of 33 Creek 52.3 sal twort; saltbushes, meadow grasses and I acres ~7.1 1.0 1.0 0.5 2.6 needlerush along uplands.

% 85 4 5 1 5 Marsh along upstream section of creek; salt- Red Bank bushes and meadow in several areas along 34 Creek 67.2 uplands; remainder of marsh dominated by I acres l5 7 .1 2.7 3.4 0.7 3.4 saltmarsh cordgrass.

% 95 -- 5 - Creek marsh along one side of creek channel; Red Bank mostly saltmarsh cordgrass with scattered 35 Creek 53.3 saltwort; some saltbushes along upland edge. I acres 50.6 - - 2.7 -

% 80 - 2 15 3 Creek marsh section dominated by saltmarsh Brick House cordgrass extends around upland hunnnocks; in- 36 Neck 230.3 eludes high marsh hunnnocks of saltbushes, sea I acres 184.2 - 4.6 34.5 6.9 oxeye, cedar, meadow grasses.

% 5 40 30 - 25 - - Brick House Pocket marsh area formed between two upland 37 Neck 26.1 ridges; dominated by high marsh species. XII acres 1.3 110.4 7.8 - 6.5 - -

Extensive marsh section dominated by saltmarsh % 90 10 Fowling -- - cordgrass with patches of saltwort; high marsh 38 Point 1955. ridge through one area with sea oxeye, salt- I acres 1759. - - 196. - bushes, meadow grasses and some cedar.

% 85 - 15 Extensive saltmarsh cordgrass area includes Castle Ridge - -- several upland ridges as well as high marsh 39 Creek 221.8 areas of cedar, saltbushes, meadow grasses, I acres 188.5 - - 33.3 -- etc.

% 80 10 - 5 5 - Large marsh area at head of creek; saltmarsh 40 Mill Creek 147 .o cordgrass dominates but grades to meadow grasses and needlerush in areas along uplands. I acres 117 .E 14. 7 - 7 .4 7 .4 -

17 Section I. Machipongo River, Fowling Point (continued)

Q.) .c ...... c fl) ro fl) ..... Q.) :::J fl) :::J :::J ..... Q.) C: ...... fl) :::J cr ro Q.) Q.) -:::J fl) u 3: fl) fl) Q. - Q.) .c fl) 3: "O en ro fl) 0 <{ fl) Q.) fl) "O Q.) ..... fl) Q.) ro Q.) fl) Q.) fl) 0 Q.) C: - E Q.) Q. .c Q.) >, Q.) .c CJ) .c ro .c ..... - ..... Q.) .c ~ ro >, fl) fl) "O Q.) Q.) fl) fl) fl) =>, .c u .._ ro fl) .c ..... > ..... "O I ~ I u. u ..... I- ro fl) fl) X ...... I- cu <{ ro .._ Q.) Q.) z - ro ro ro - 0 C, 0 0 ro .!!? fl) :::J _J .c .c ..... >, .c "O .c ~ 'cti 0 fl) fl) Q.) E .._ fl) a: Q.) fl) ro E .g> E fl) .c 3: E 0 E _.c Q.) "O u ro ro ...... ro Q.) ro ..... == ..... - ro == ro CJ) ro ro == -E C: ro -0 ro o -ro .._ ro -ro -ro Q.) Q.) -ro ro - ro ro._ ro Q.) Q.) :::J # Marsh Location I- (f)0 (/) C, (/) en (/) 0 (/) (/) (/) en ~ ~ ~ (/) (/) u. 0 ~ (/) a: (/) Observations ~

% 95 - - 5 -- Extensive marsh area; dominated by saltmarsh Kitts 41 332.9 cordgrass with scattered patches of saltwort; I Creek other species along upland edges. acres l'.316.3 - - 16.6 - -

% 95 -- 5 - - Webbs Extensive saltmarsh cordgrass area; includes 42 Island 330.0 several upland areas of cedar, myrtle,saltbush- I acres 313. 5 - - 16.5 - - es.

% 95 5 Crabbing Extensive marsh; largely tall and intermediate 43 Marsh 656.4 form saltmarsh cordgrass but areas of short I acres 623.6 32.8 form cordgrass and saltwort.

% 90 10 Powells Marsh island; tall form saltmarsh cordgrass 44 Channel 12. 7 around perimeter; interior of short form cord- I acres 11.4 1.3 grass mixed with saltwort.

tall form saltmarsh cordgrass in % 90 10 Marsh island; Powells zone around perimeter; interior area mostly 45 Channel 49.5 short form cordgrass mixed with saltwort. I acres 144. 6 5.0

% 90 10 Powells Marsh island; tall form saltmarsh cordgrass 46 Channel 14.5 around perimeter; interior of short form cord- I acres 13 .o 1.4 grass and saltwort; gulls observed nesting.

island; tall and intermediate form salt- % 95 5 Marsh Ebb Stake marsh cordgrass predominate; scattered patches I 47 Marsh 32.1 of short form mixed with saltwort. acres 30.5 1.6

% 95 5 Extensive marsh; tall and intermediate form Short Prong saltmarsh cordgrass dominate along channels; I 48 Marsh 835.7 short form cordgrass mixed with saltwort in acres 793. S 41.8 less well drained areas.

18 Section I. Machipongo River, Fowling Point (continued)

(I) .c '- .c (/) ro (/) '- (I) ::J (/) ::::, ::J '- (I) C '- '- (/) ::J cr - (/) (/) ro (I) (I) ::::, (/) u 3: - (I) .0 C. (/) 3: "O Cl) ro (/) 0 ct: (/) (I) (/) "O (I) '- (/) (I) ro (I) (/) (I) .c (/) 0 (I) C .0 - E (I) C. '- (I) >, (I) .c 0) ro (I) .c .c '- -.::s:. >, (/) (/) "O (I) (/) (/) =>, ro u ,._ ro (/) .c (I) > "O I ~ (/) .c u. u '- I- ro (I) (/) '- (/) X '- '- I '- '- I- cu ct: ro ,._ (I) z -0 ro ro 0 ro ro.~- 0 C, (/) ::J ...J .c .c '- >, .c "O .c .::s:. -~ 0 (/) (I) E ,._ (/) a: (/) E °' E (/) .0 3: E 0 (/) E (I) "O (I) ro - "O u '- '- _.o '- (I) '- - '- ro ro ro 0) C ro ro ro ,._ ro (I) (I) ro ro -E ro (I) ro -0 ro o - -ro -ro -ro -ro ro - -ro ro ·- - (I) ::::, # Marsh Location I- Cl) 0 (.I) C, (.I) CD (.I) 0 (.I) (.I) (.I) CD ~ ~ ~ (.I) (./) u. 0 ~ (.I) a: (.I) Observations ~

% 95 5 Short Prong Small marsh island; dominated by intermediate 49 Marsh 4.5 and tall form saltmarsh cordgrass. I acres 4.3 0.2

% 90 10 Marsh island; tall and intermediate form salt- Short Prong marsh cordgrass dominate perimeter; interior 50 Marsh 50.3 I acres 45.3 5.0 section of short form; shorebird nesting area.

% 90 10 Marsh island; tall and intermediate form salt- Short Prong interior 51 22.9 marsh cordgrass dominate perimeter; I Marsh section of short form cordgrass with saltwort; acres 20.6 2.3 shorebird nesting area.

% 88 2 1 1 9 - - - - Total Section I 7046. 3 acres 6184. 138.0 64.0 50.1 601.9 - 7.6 - -

19 Section II. Hog Island, Rogue Island

Those tidal wetlands associated with Hog and Rogue Islands as well as several marsh islands located in Hog Island Bay are described here. Most of the wetlands adjacent to Hog Island are located behind its northern end as it is this end that has been accreting in recent years. These marsh areas are dominated by saltmarsh cord grass (Type I) with many scattered areas of short-form saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with saltwort (Type X). Immediately adjacent to the upland portions of Hog Island these extensive saltmarsh cordgrass marshes (#56, 60, 61) grade to a narrow zone of high marsh (Type II), including such species as saltmeadow grasses, sea-oxeye, sea lavender and saltbushes. A large salt flat is located in the interior of Hog Island but it is only irregularly flooded during storms and is not considered at this time to be tidal wetlands under Virginia's definition. The southern end of the~island has been rapidly eroding and much of the area has been subject to overwash from the beach. Consequently, except for a few patches of saltmarsh cordgrass behind the beach, there is little marsh present. Behind the northern end of Hog Island there are also three marsh islands (#52, 53, 54). Each of these marshes is composed largely of intermediate-form saltmarsh cordgrass, with short-form saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with saltwort in areas of highest elevations. Rogue Island (#63), located behind the southern end of Hog Island, is also dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass with saltwort abundant in some areas. An upland, sandy ridge located along the island's eastern edge is vegetated largely with shrubs and grasses. This upland area grades through a transition zone of high marsh, including such species as saltbushes, saltmeadow grasses, sea-oxeye and saltwort, to the extensive saltmarsh cordgrass zone which comprises most of island's acreage.

20 HOG ISLAND BAY • HOG ISLAND

SHOAL MARSH

MARSH PT.

ATLANTIC OCEAN

COVE PT. '64

e)/9

GREAT MACHIPONGO INLET ·+·• SCALE 1 : 42,000

1000 0 1000 5000 FEET

COBB ISLAND SECTION II. HOG ISLAND,ROGUE ISLAND

-N Section II. Hog Island, Rogue Island

Q,) ..c I... ..c (/) C'O (/) I... Q,) :J (/) :J :J I... Q,) C: I... (/) cr I... :J C'O Q,) Q,) -:J (/) 3: (/) (/) u - Q,) .0 [Il 0.. Q,) (/) "O C'O (/) 0 <( (/) ~ "O Q,) I... (/) Q,) C'O Q,) (/) C: - E Q,) (/) 0.. ..c (/) 0 Q,) Q,) ..c 0) .0 C'O ..c ..c :..: I... Q,) - I... Q,) Q,) .::t:. C'O (/) (/) "O Q,) >- (/) (/) >- (/) Q,) "O (/) >- ..c I... u I... C'O ..c I... > I... I... I ~ I... LL u I- C'O (/) (/) I ...... I- C1:l <( C'O I... Q,) (l) z -0 >< C'O C'O 0 C'O C'O .!Q 0 0 (/) :J 0 ...J ..c ..c ...... c "O ..c E o, (/) .::t:. -~ () (/) (/) Q,) E .... >- (/) a: "O Q,) (/) -C'O ... "O E .0 ~ E E Q,) I... u ... I... I...... o I... Q,) - I...... C'O C'O ...... C'O C'O ... C'O 0) C'O C: C'O C'O C'O C'O -E C'O Q,) 0 C'O 0 C'O I... C'O C'O -C'O Q,) Q,) C'O C'O C'O ·- (l) :J # Marsh Location I- (/) () (/) 0 (/) [Il (/) () (/) (/) (/) [Il ~ ~ $'. (/) (/) LL 0 ~ (/) a: (/) Observations ~

% 90 10 - Marsh island dominated by short and intermedie Egging shorebird nesting I 52 Marsh 24.3 form saltmarsh cordgrass; acres 21.9 2.4 - area.

Marsh island of intermediate form saltmarsh % 90 - 10 - - cordgrass areas with zones of short form cord- Hog Island 53 33.9 grass mixed with saltwort; several patches I Bay acres 30.5 - 3.4 - - of sea oxeye.

short form saltmarsh % Extensive marsh island; 95 - 5 - - cordgrass mixed with other species predominate High Shoal I 54 Marsh 227 .0 around perimeter; intermediate form in interior acres 215 .6 - 11.4 -- areas.

% 80 5 5 10 - - - Pocket marsh area with tidal flushing somewhat restricted by sand spit; predominately short I 55 Hog Island 22.0 form saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with saltwort; acres 17.6 1.1 1.1 3.3 - - - meadow and saltbushes along uplands.

% 90 10 Extensive marsh area formed behind barrier - - -- island; large areas of short form saltmarsh I 56 Hog Island 545.0 cordgrass towards island; those areas grade acres 490 .: - - 54.5 - - into meadow, saltbushes, sea oxeye etc.

Extensive marsh island; predominately inter- % 95 5 Hodges mediate form saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with I 57 Narrows 272 .o zones of short form cordgrass and saltwort. acres 258 .4 13.6

Marsh island; short form saltmarsh cordgrass % 95 5 Hodges mixed with saltwort predominates in zone intermediate form in most I 58 Narrows 29.5 around perimeter; acres 28.0 1.5 interior sections.

% 90 10 Extensive marsh section dominated by saltmarsh Hodges cordgrass with areas of saltwort mixed with I 59 Narrows 78.0 short form saltmarsh cordgrass. acres 70.2 7.8

22 Section II. Hog Island, Rogue Island (continued)

Q.) ..c I.. ..c (/) Ct:l (/) I.. Q.) ::::, (/) ::::, ::::, I.. Q.) C I.. I.. (/) ::::, cr - Ct:l Q.) Q.) ::::, (/) u 3: en (/) (/) a. -<( Q.) .0 (/) (/) "'O ID Ct:l 0 Q.) 3: (/) "'O Q.) I.. (/) Q.) Ct:l Q.) C E Q.) (/) ..c (/) 0 Q.) >, CJ) .0 -Ct:l I.. Q.) - a. I.. Q.) Q.) ..c Q.) ..c ..c == .::t:. (/) (/) "'O Q.) (/) (/) (/) >, Ct:l >, (/) ..c Q.) "'O ..c I.. u I.. Ct:l Ctl I.. > I.. I.. I ~ I I.. LL u I- <( Q.) (/) (/) X I.. - I- Ct:l Ctl I.. Q.) z -0 Ct:l Ct:l 0 Ct:l Ct:l -~ 0 ~ (/) ::::, .....J ..c ..c I.. >, ..c (( "'O ..c .::t:. 0 (/) Q.) E "- (/) -Ct:l E .g> E (/) .0 3: ·co E u (/) E _.o Q.) "'O Q.) (/) ::'. I.. Ct:l u Ct:l Ct:l I.. I.. ::'. I.. Ct:l Q.) Ct:l I.. Ct:l Ol Ct:l Ct:l -E C Ct:l Ctl -0 Ct:l 0 -Ctl I.. cti- -Ctl -Ct:l Q.) Q.) -Ct:l Ct:l - Ct:l Ct:l ._ - Q.) Q.) ::::, Cl) - Cl) Cl) # Marsh Location I- Cl)U Cl) ~ ID Cl) u Cl) Cl) co ~ ~ ~ Cl) LL 0 ~ Cl) (( (f) Observations ~

% 95 -- 5 -- - - Extensive marsh section of predominately tall and intermediate form saltmarsh cordgrass; 60 Hog Island 502.0 along island marsh grades to areas of short I acres 476.9 - - 25.1 - - - - form cordgrass mixed with saltwort and to zone nf m~nrlnw .

% 100 - Scattered patches of tall form saltmarsh cord- I 62 Hog Island 6.0 grass along beach. acres 6.0 -

% 90 2 3 5 - - - Large marsh island dominated by saltmarsh cord- - grass with scattered areas of saltwort; ridge 63 Rogue 267.5 along eastern side grades to high marsh of I Island acres 240 .E 5.4 8.0 13.4 -- - - meadow, sea oxeye, saltbushes, then to upland areas % 100 - Hog Island Marsh island; predominately tall and intermedi- 64 Bay 4.7 ate forms of saltmarsh cordgrass. I acres 4. 7 -

% 92 - - 7 - - - - Total 23 73.1 Section II acres 2186. 6.5 9.1 171.4 - - - -

23 Section III. Ramshorn Channel, Elkins Marsh

Included in this section of Northampton County are those large areas of marsh to the west of Cobb Island surrounding Ramshorn Bay. The marshes can be divided into two distinct regions. They consist of those areas which are innnediately adjacent to the uplands and those large marsh areas dominated by Elkins and Eckichy Marshes. Of the marsh areas adjacent to the upland, a series of broad fringing marshes (#65, 68, 69, 71, 73, 74) extend from Webbs Island in the north to Brockenberry Bay in the south. They are of pre dominately saltmarsh cordgrass (Type I). Throughout these fringing areas, however, there exist a series of intermittent, sandy ridges which run in rows parallel to the modern shoreline. Evidence suggests that these are the remnants of ancient beach ridges which formed when sea level stood at a different level than is found today. In contrast to the saltmarsh cordgrass which surrounds them, these areas are vegetated with high marsh species including saltbushes, saltmeadow grasses, sea-oxeye, sea lavender and saltwort (Type II, IV, X). Most probably, they are a continuation of the drowned ridges found further north and described in Section I. In addition to the broad fringing marshes there are also several tidal creeks which extend back into the upland. Proceeding towards the heads of these creek marsh areas, saltmarsh cordgrass becomes less dominant while high marsh species such as saltbushes and saltmeadow grasses increase in abundance (Type II, IV). At the head of Holt Creek (#66, 67) saltmarsh cordgrass is located only along the channel edges while most of the wetland areas are dominated by high marsh species. The extensive wetland areas of Elkins and Eckichy Marshes (#80-86) are composed almost exclusively of tall and intermediate forms of saltmarsh cordgrass. It is possible however, that Elkins Marsh may have had its origin as an ancient barrier island or beach ridge. Areas of high elevation are evident along the marsh's western edge running north to Outlet Marsh (#55). In Outlet Marsh these areas are of sufficient elevation to support high marsh species such as saltbushes, saltmeadow grasses and sea-oxeye.

24 MACHIPONGO

MARTINS SIDING

REEDTOWN

OUTLET BAY

SHALLOW BAY

' CROW._ BAY

ex-

·+·• SCALE 1 : 42,000

1000 0 1000 5000 FEET ;;J 6 I " Section III. Ramshorn Channel, Elkins Marsh

Q) .c .... .c (/) ctl en .... Q) :::::, (/) :::::, :::::, Q) C .... (/) :::::, cr ...... - ..... ctl Q) Q) :::::, (/) u ::: (/) (/) fl) Q. Q) ..0 (/) "O ctl (/) 0 <( ..... (/) Q) ::: (/) "O Q) .... (/) Q) ctl Q) (/) Q) .c (/) 0 Q) C ..0 - E Q) Q. .... Q) >, Q) .c Ol ctl Q) .c .c == .... .::t:. ctl >, (/) (/) "O Q) Q) (/) "O (/) (/) >, .c u .... ctl ctl (/) .c ..... > I ~ I LL u .... I- (/) .... (/) X ...... I- ctl <( ctl .... Q) Q) z ctl ctl ctl ctl .~- 0 (.'.) 0 0 (/) :::::, 0 __J .c .c .... E ._ >, .c a: "O .c E (/) ..0 .::t:. ·ca E (.) (/) (/) Q) E (/) "O Q) (/) -ctl .g' E u ::: ...... _..o Q) ...... :::'. .... ctl ctl ctl :::'. ctl :::: -E C ctl Q) ctl 0 ctl 0 ctl .... "cti ctl ctl -ctl Q) Q) ctl Ol ctl ctl - ctl ctl Q) Q) :::::, ctl - - - ctl ·- (J) (.) (J) (.)- (J) fl) (J) (J) - (J) (.'.) fl) (J) (J) (J) (J) LL (J) # Marsh Location I- ~ ~ ~ 0 ~ a: Observations ~ Extensive marsh area dominated by saltmarsh % 90 - - 10 - - cordgrass; interior areas of short form cord- Box Tree grass mixed with saltwort; z.one of saltbushes 65 373.0 I Creek and meadow along uplands. acres 1335.7 -- 37.3 - -

% 60 30 5 5 --- - Short form saltmarsh cordgrass grades upstream to large areas of meadow; tall form cordgrass I 66 Holt Creek 93.0 along channels; large patch of saltbushes acres 55.8 27.9 4.6 4.6 - -- - along upland.

% 2 48 50 -- - - Marsh area extending above road; dominated by saltbushes with dense understory of meadow 67 Holt Creek 25.6 saltmarsh cordgrass along creek channel; scat- IV acres t>. 5 12.3 12 .8 - - - - tered cattails along upland.

% Extensive marsh area dominated by saltmarsh 85 5 - 10 --- cordgrass with areas of saltwort; zone of salt- 68 Holt Neck 573.0 meadow with saltbushes along upland; high marsh I acres 487.0 28.6 - 57.3 - -- also along channel edges.

% 60 15 5 - 15 - 5 - - Wide fringing marsh extending from upland to creek channel; short form saltmarsh cordgrass 69 Holt Neck 94.2 with saltwort predominates; zone of high I acres 56.5 14.1 4.7 - 14 .1 - 4.7 - - marsh species along uplands. Creek with marsh fringe along shoreline of % 80 10 5 5 ---- - lower section and pocket marsh area at head; Indiantown saltmarsh cordgrass dominates with zone of high 10 Creek 31.1 I acres 24.9 3.1 1.6 1.6 - - -- - marsh species along uplands; needlerush in uatches, esueciallv towards head. Broad fringing marsh of predominately intermedi· % 75 10 5 - 10 - - - - ate and short form saltmarsh cordgrass; zone 71 The Thorofare 127.9 of salt meadow and saltbushes along upland; I acres ridges of high marsh species also along bay 95.9 12.8 6.4 - 12.8 --- - edge of marsh. Shallow tidal creek with broad areas of marsh % 85 10 5 - ---- Taylor dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; zone of high 38.3 I 72 Creek marsh species along uplands; patches of cat- acres 32.6 3.8 1.9 - - -- - tail and needlerush.

27 Section III. Ramshorn Channel, Elkins Marsh (continued)

Cl) ..c...... c. (/) Ctl (/) ::::, .... ::::, Cl) ::::, (/) Cl) C .... (/) ::::, cr ...... Ctl Cl) Q) -::::, (/) (.) s:: (/) (/) Q. - Cl) .0 (/) 0 <( (/) (/) s:: "O "O CD Ctl Cl) (/) Q) C .... (/) Cl) Ctl Q) (/) Q. Cl) ..c. (/) 0 Q) >, 0) .0 -Ctl E Cl) - Q) Cl) ..c. Q) ..c...... (/) (/) "O Q) (/) ..c.(/) =>, ..::t:. Ctl >, (.) Cl) "O (/) ..c. - (.) ...... Ctl Ctl (/) ..c. > I ~ I LL I- (/) .... (/) X ...... I- (.'.) ctJ <( CCI ._ Cl) Q) z -0 CCI ctl 0 ctl ctl -~ 0 (/) ::::, .....J ..c. ..c. .... >, ..c. "O ..c. - E o, ..::t:. 0 (.) (/) (/) Cl) E ._ (/) a: Cl) (/) ctl E (/) ..0 s:: ctl E E _.o Cl) "O (.) ..... ctl ctl ...... Cl) .... - "O.... ctl ..... 0) - C ctl ctl - .... ctl ctl ctl Cl) Cl) ctl ctl ctl ctl -E ctl Cl) Q) ::::, ctl -0 ctl 0 -ctl - ctl - - - -ctl ctl ·- # Marsh Location I- (./") (.) (./") <.'.) (./") CD (./") (.) (./") (./") (./") CD ~ ~ ~ (./") (./") LL 0 ~ (./") a: (./") Observations ~

% 75 10 5 - 10 -- - - Extensive fringing marsh dominated by intermediate and short form cordgrass; zone of salt- 146.0 I 73 The Thorofare meadow and other high marsh species along up- acres n.09,5 14.6 7.3 - 14 .6 - - - - land as well as in scattered ridges along bav.

% 90 3 2 - 5 - - - Extensive marsh area of predominately tall and 74 Thomas 150.5 intermediate form saltmarsh cordgrass; zone of I Creek acres 135.4 4.5 3.0 - 7.5 - - - high marsh species along upland edge. Several marsh islands along edge of channel; 98 2 % predominately intermediate and tall form salt- 75 Ramshorn 21.5 I Channel marsh cordgrass; short form in some interior acres 21.1 0.4 patches.

% 98 2 Series of marsh islands separated by drainage I 76 Ramshorn 246.5 channels; predominately tall and intermediate Channel acres 241.6 4.9 form saltmarsh cordgrass.

Broad fringing marsh extending along upland % 70 5 10 - 15 - - - Brockenberry shoreline; tall form saltinarsh cordgrass 77 50.7 then I Bay grades back to short form and saltwort, acres 35.5 2.5 5.1 - 7.6 - - - zone of saltmeadow and saltbushes.

5 % 65 10 15 5 - - Fringe and pocketmarsh area at head of I 78 Cobb Mill 7.5 Oyster Harbor; saltmarsh cordgrass along Creek acres 4.9 0.8 1.1 0.4 0.4 - - water grades back to saltmeadow and saltbushes

% 95 - 5 - - Extensive marsh island; predominately inter- Ramshorn mediate and tall form saltmarsh cordgrass; 79 64.0 short form cordgrass I Channel interior sections of acres 60.e - 3.2 - - mixed with saltwort. Vast saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh area; % 98 2 - tall form predominates along streamsides and Elkins 80 1521.0 areas of low elevation; grades to intermediate I Marsh acres 1490.16 30.4 - form areas; scattered patches of short form, some with saltwort.

28 Section III. Ramshorn Channel, Elkins Marsh (continued)

(1) .c...... c. (/) (/) co :J .... :J (1) :J .... (/) (1) C ...... (/) :J +-< er - (/) (/) co (1) (1) :J (/) u 3: Cl) (1) ..0 (/) -0 co (/) 0 a. <( +-< (/) (1) 3: (/) -0 (1) .... (/) (1) co (1) (/) (1) 0 (1) C ..0 - E (1) a. .c. (/) (1) >, (1) .c. 0) co (1) .c. .c. .... >, .... (1) (/) =>, .:.t.:. co (/) (/) -0 +-< (1) (/) -0 (/) .c. .... u (/) .c. > .... I ~ I ...... +-< u. u I- .... co co (1) (/) .... (/) X .... I- C, ru <( co .... (1) z 0 co co 0 co co .!!? 0 (/) :J ...J .c. .c. .... >, .c. -0 .c. E o, .:.t.:. 0 (.) (/) (/) (1) E .._ (/) a: (1) (/) cij E (/) ..0 3: co E E +-< ..0 (1) -0 +-< u +-< :t:: ...... +-< +-< .... (1) .... +-< == -e co co co 0) co -E C co co co 0 CO 0 ==co .... co co co co (1) (1) ==co co co co co._ - co (1) (1) :J # Marsh Location I- Cl) (.) Cl) C, Cl) Cl) Cl) (.) Cl) Cl) Cl) Cl) ~ ~ ~ Cl) Cl) u. 0 ~ Cl) a: Cl) Observations ~

Extensive saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh % 98 2 - Elkins section; predominately tall or intermediate I 81 Marsh 298.8 form cordgrass with patches of short form acres ~92.8 6.0 - cordgrass and saltwort. Extensive saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh 5 % 95 islands; predominately tall and intermediate Eckichy I 82 Marsh 315.Z from cordgrass; scattered areas of short form acres ~99.4 15.8 throughout, especially along eastern edge.

Extensive marsh section; dominated by tall and % 95 5 scatter Elkins intermediate form saltmarsh condgrass; I 83 849.0 form with saltwort. Gulls Marsh ed areas at short acres 606.6 42.4 observed nesting along northeast marsh edge.

Extensive marsh section; predominately tall I' % 95 5 and intermediate form saltmarsh condgrass; Elkins I 84 387.0 areas of short form condgrass and saltwort Marsh acres t367.6 19.4 throughout, especially along eastern edge.

% 90 10 - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh islands; - - - ridges at high marsh species such as, salt- Outlet I 85 18.9 bushes, sea oxeye, in interior sections. Marsh acres 17.0 - - 1.9 - - Scattered small marsh islands; several have % 95 - 5 - - high marsh areas with some sea oxeye but I 86 Ramshorn 12 .3 most are predominately tall form saltmarsh Bay acres n1. 1 - 0.6 - - condgrass.

% 92 2 1 - 5 - - - - - Total 5445.0 Section III acres ~983. 125 .o 48.5 2.0 ~81.2 - 4.7 - - -

29 Section IV. Gull Marsh, Cobb Island

The wetlands described here include those found adjacent to Cobb Island as well as those of Gull Marsh (#88-95), a long chain of marsh islands located northwest of Cobb Island. Most of these islands consist of saltmarsh cordgrass (Type I) with interior areas of higher elevation and abundant saltwort (Type X). The marsh islands are appropriately named, for in the spring and early summer these are active nesting sites for many gulls and other shorebirds. Evidence indicates that the marshes may have formed along an ancient beach ridge or barrier island. Other nearby marsh islands including Big Easter, Little Easter, and Parchaby Tump (#96-102) are similar in species composition with both areas of tall-form saltmarsh cordgrass and large areas of short-form saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with saltwort. The wetland areas adjacent to the north end of Cobb Island (#103) are again dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass with a band of short-form saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with saltwort bound bordering along the upland. Much of the southern half of the island, however, has been subject to storm overwash and erosion. As a result, the marsh along much of this area has been reduced to only a narrow fringe of short form saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with saltwort. At the southern end of the island near the abandoned Coast Guard Station, the marsh again expands to form an extensive area of saltmarsh cordgrass (#104). Adjacent to this southern end of Cobb Island is located little Cobb Island. It is primarily a long sand beach that is relatively recent feature. Currently the island is rapidly eroding and overwashes have reduced most of its formerly saltmarsh cordgrass dominated wetlands to those located near its eastern end.

30 SECTION IV. GULL MARSH,COBB ISLAND

....

HOG ISLAND BAY

GULL MARSH JI HOG ISLAND

G l?.12 A. T' \,,~ '\. A1A.CfIIPONG0 l~ 90, 96, P_ARCHABY TUMP 'ii' 97 0 SPIDERCRAB BAY 911'" ~

BLACK P#''f!

->S. CREEK 95 BIG EASTER MAR

1100

LITTLE COBB ISLAND

SA.fVJ) SfIOA.L INLET

•

SCALE I : A2,000

1000 0 1000 5000 FEET 1-d I= I

-w Section IV. Gull Marsh, Cobb Island

(l) .c. .c. '-- (/) ro (/) '-- (l) ::l (/) ::l ::l '-- (l) C '-- '-- - (/) ::l ...... er (l) (l) ::l (/) (.) ~ (/) (/) ro Q. (l) .0 (/) ~ "'O Ill ro (/) 0 , (l) .c. O> ro (l) ..c .c. '-- .::t:. ro >, (/) (/) "'O (l) (l) (/) (/) (/) =>, .c. - (.) (/) .c...... > "'O I ~ LL (.) '-- I- '-- ro ro (/) '-- (/) X '-- '-- I '-- '-- I- cu , .c. "'O .c. - E (/) .0 .::t:. ro () (/) (/) (l) E .__ (/) a: (l) (/) ro .g E (.) ~ E E ...... 0 (l) "'O ~ ...... '-- '-- ...... '-- (l) '-- ~ '-- - ro - ...... ro ro ro ~ -E C ro ro -0 ro o -ro .__ ro ro -ro ro (l) (l) -ro O> ro ro ro ro._ ro (l) (l) ::l ro # Marsh Location I- Cf)() Cf) CJ Cf) Ill Cf) () Cf) Cf) Cf) Ill ~ ~ ~ Cf) Cf) LL 0 ~ Cf) a: Cf) Observations ~

% 90 10 - Marsh island dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; interior portion of marsh mostly short form Gull Marsh 74.2 I 87 cordgrass mixed with saltwort. acres 66 .E 7 .4 -

Marsh islands dominated by intermediate and % 90 10 - short form saltmarsh cordgrass; gulls observed I 88 Gull Marsh 42.4 nesting in areas of high elevation. acres 38 .:.; 4.2 -

Marsh island dominated by intermediate and % 95 5 tall form saltmarsh cordgrass; sections 89 Gull Marsh 231.3 throughout with short form mixed with saltwort I acres 219. i 11.6

Series of marsh islands dominated by short % 85 - 15 - - form saltmarsh cordgrass; interior areas of Gull Marsh 95.5 I 90 saltwort; shore birds nesting throughout areas acres 81.:.; - 14.3 - - of high elevation.

Series of marsh islands dominated by short % 85 15 - - - form saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with patches Gull Marsh 70.5 I 91 of saltwort; gulls observed nesting throughout acres 59.9 - 10.6 - - areas of highest elevations.

% 85 - 15 - - 92 Gull Marsh 48.3 Marsh island; mostly short form saltmarsh I acres 41.1 - 7.2 - - cordgrass mixed with saltwort patches.

% 85 - 15 - - I 93 Gull Marsh 26.4 Marsh island; mostly short form saltmarsh acres 22.4 - 4.0 - - cordgrass mixed with saltwort patches.

% 90 - 10 - 94 Gull Marsh 42.2 Marsh island; mostly intermediate form or I acres 38.0 - 4.2 - short form cordgrass mixed with saltwort.

33 Section IV. Gull Marsh, Cobb Island (continued)

Q),._ .c I .c (/) C'Cl (/) ,._ Q) :::l (/) :::l :::l,._ ,_ ,._ Q) C - (/) :::l +-' O" Q) Q) :::l (/) (.) ~ (/) (/) C'Cl Cl) (/) 0.. Q) .0 (/) ~ "O C'Cl 0 <( +-' (/) Q) (/) "O Q) ,._ (/) Q) C'Cl Q) Q) C - E Q) (/) ,._ .c (/) 0 Q) >, .c Ol .0 C'Cl .c .c :.= ,._ Q) 0.. (/) (/) "O Q) Q) Q) .::s:. C'Cl >, (.) +-' Q) (/) "O (/) (/) >, .c ,._ ,._ C'Cl C'Cl (/) .c ,._ > ,._ ,._ I ~ I ,._ ,._ +-' u. u <( Q) (/) (/) I- cu I- C'Cl ,._ Q) z 0 >< C'Cl C'Cl 0 ,._ C'Cl C'Cl .!!? 0 C, (/) :::l .::s:. 0 _J .c .c E ,._ >, .c a: "O .c - E .g> E (/) .0 ~ ·cu E l) (/) (/) (I.) E (/) "O Q) (/) C'Cl +-' +-' +-' +-' +-' ,._ ,._ +-' +-' .0 Q) ,._ ,._ +-' :::: ,._ C'Cl u +-' C'Cl C'Cl +-' C'Cl Q) C'Cl C'Cl ,._ C'Cl C'Cl Q) Q) Ol C'Cl C'Cl C'Cl -E C C'Cl C'Cl 0 C'Cl 0 C'Cl C'Cl C'Cl C'Cl C'Cl ·- Q) Q) :::l # Marsh Location I- (f) l) (f) C, (f) Cl) (f) l) (f) (f) (f) Cl) ~ ~ ~ (f) (f) u. 0 ~ (f) a: (f) Observations ~

% 90 - 10 - Marsh island; mostly intermediate form or I 95 Gull Marsh 38.0 short form cordgrass mixed with saltwort. acres t34.2 - 3.8 -

Marsh island; large area of short form % 90 - 10 - i saltmarsh cordgrass at northern end of marsh i 96 Parchaby 26.0 I Tump is nesting area for gulls. acres 123.4 - 2.6 -

% 100 - Parchaby I 97 5.3 dominated by tall form saltmarsh Tump Marsh island acres 5.3 - cordgrass.

Marsh island; mostly tall and intermediate % 90 - 10 - Big Easter form saltmarsh cordgrass; ridge of short 14. 7 98 Marsh form condgrass along western edge. I acres 13.2 - 1.5 -

% 90 - 10 - - Large marsh island dominated by intermediate and tall form saltmarsh cordgrass; areas of 99 Big Easter 325.4 I Marsh short form and saltwort throughout, especially acres 292.9 - 32 -~ - - along western edge; nesting area.

% 98 2 I I 100 Mittigy 4.5 Marsh island dominated by tall and inter- I Channel acres ~.4 0.1 mediate form saltmarsh cordgrass.

Large marsh island; predominately % 90 10 tall and - - - intermediate form saltmarsh cordgrass; however 101 Little Easter 181.5 I Marsh there are large areas of short form cordgraIBs acres 163.~ - 18.2 - - with saltwort; gulls nesting in short form areas. % 100 - 102 Cobb 14.8 I Island Several marsh islands of predominately tall acres 14.8 - form saltmarsh cordgrass. i

34 Section IV. Gull Marsh, Cobb Island (continued)

.c Q)...... c rn ctl rn ..... Q) :::J :::J rn Q) :::J ...... O" C ..... - rn :::J ctl Q) Q) :::J rn u 3: -rn rn Q. Q) .c rn 3: "'O co ctl rn 0 <( rn Q) rn "'O Q) ..... rn Q) ctl Q) Q) 0 Q) C - E Q) rn Q...... c rn Q) >, Q) .c Ol .c ctl Q) .c .c == ..... - rn rn "'O Q) >, ..:s:: ctl >, u rn .c Q) rn "'O ~ rn rn .c - u ...... ctl ctl ..... X > ...... I I ...... I- u. I- <( ctl ..... Q) Q) rn z - rn ctl ctl 0 C, cu ctl - rn ::, 0 0 .c .c ..... ctl -~ .c "'O ..:s:: 0 ....J () Q) E .._ >, a: .c ctl E .g> E rn .c 3: ·ca E rn rn E _.c Q) rn "'O Q) rn ::: ..... ctl u ::: ctl ctl ...... ctl Q) ctl ..... Q) Ol ctl ctl ctl -E C ctl -0 ctl 0 -ctl ..... -ctl ~ ctl -ctl Q) -ctl - -ctl ctl ·- Q) Q) :::J ctl # Marsh Location I- U)() U) C, U) co U) () U) U) U) co ~ ~ ~ U) U) u. 0 ~ U) a: U) Observations ~

% 95 - - 5 - Extensive marsh area formed behind barrier - - island; dominated by intermediate and tall 103 Cobb 457.0 I Island form saltmarsh cordgrass; short form cordgrass acres ~34.2 - - 22.8 - - - with saltwort along upland border, especially at north end. Extensive marsh area formed behind south end % 90 - - 10 - - of island; short form cordgrass with saltwort 104 Cobb 122 .5 I Island predominates in areas adjacent to island and acres 110.2 - - 12.2 - - around old Coast Guard Station; remainder tall and intermediate form saltmarsh cordgrass. Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh formed % 95 - 5 - behind small sandy island; erosion and over- 105 Little Cobb 17.0 I Island wash at western end of island has greatly acres 16.2 - 0.8 - reduced marsh area.

Numerous small marsh islands formed on tidal 98 2 % flats next to channel; predominately tall form 106 Loon Channel 33.6 saltmarsh cordgrass although interior of I acres t32.9 0.7 largest island has short form mixed with saltwort. % 92 - - 8 - - Total 1871.1 Sect on IV acres 1712. - - 158.7 - -

35 Section V. Mockhorn Island

The wetlands found in this portion of Northampton County are dominated by those marshes located along Mockhorn Island. The island itself is characterized by a series of relic dune ridges which run down its center in a north-south line, approximately parallel to the modern, upland shoreline which is located two miles west. The ridges reach maximum elevation in the middle third of the island, where they are vegetated with upland species such as pine, myrtle and cedar. At the southern end of Mockhorn Island this ridge system forms the eastern shoreline of Magothy Bay, while at the northern end, only scattered areas of short-form cordgrass (Type II) mixed with saltwort in marsh sections #124 and #127 mark its presence. Surrounding these upland ridges there is typically a zone of high marsh (Type II, IV) with saltbushes, saltmeadow grasses, and sea-oxeye (#131). Also included in these high marsh areas are large stands of saltwort. These areas of saltwort (Type X) in turn grade to areas of short-form saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with saltwort and finally to areas of predominately tall and intermediate-form saltmarsh cordgrass (#130, 132, 133, 134, 135). Most of the marshes found along the Main Ship Shoal Channel (#136), in contrast to those described ~bove are dominated by tall and intermediate forms of saltmarsh cordgrass with only scattered areas mixed with saltwort. The broad fringing marshes which extend along the upland from Oyster in the north to the U. S. Military Reservation in the south are dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass which in turn grades west to a zone of high marsh immediately adjacent to the upland. These fringing areas are also characterized by an ancient ridge system which delineates a earlier shoreline. This ridge is evident at the north end as a chain of saltmarsh cordgrass islands (#110). It continues south through several marshes (#117, 119, 121) where it is marked by areas of high marsh species surrounded by saltmarsh cordgrass. Most probably the ridge is a continuation of similar areas found in Sections I, III and VIII.

36 =

115

MOCKHORN BAY

•

SCALE 1 , ,2.000

1000 0 1000 5000 FEET

SOUTH BAY

MOCKHORN ISLAND Section V. Mockhorn Island

Q) ..c ...... c en cc en ::::, .... ::::, Q) ::::, .... en Q) C ...... - en ::::, ..... cr cc Q) Q) ::::, en u ~ en en 0.. Q) .0 ~ "O Ill cc en 0 <( ..... en Q) en "O Q) .... en Q) cc Q) Q) 0 en Q) C .0 - E Q) en 0...... c en Q) >, Q) ..c Ol cc Q) ..c ..c :.= .... .::s:. >, en en "O Q) Q) en >, ..c cc u en ..c ..... > en "O I ~ I en ...... LL u .... I- .... cc cc Q) .... X ...... I- C) cu <( cc .... Q) en z 0 en cc cc 0 cc cc.~ 0 en ::::, 0 ...J ..c ..c .... E ._ >, ..c "O ..c - E oi .0 .::s:. "cij E (.) en (l) E en a: "O Q) cc ..... "O .....E en ..... u .....~ ...... en ...... 0 Q) ...... en ..... - .... cc ..... cc cc .::: cc -E C cc Q) cc 0 CC 0 cc .... cc cc -cc cc Q) Q) cc Ol cc cc cc cc._ cc Q) Q) ::::, cc # Marsh Location I- Cl) (.) Cl) C) Cl) Ill Cl) (.) Cl) Cl) Cl) Ill ~ ~ ~ Cl) Cl) LL 0 ~ Cl) a: Cl) Observations ~

Fringing marsh around diked area; dominated % 90 5 3 2 -- - cord-, Oyster by tall and intermediate form salt marsh I 107 7.7 grass with zone of saltbushes and meadow acres 6.9 0.4 0.2 0.2 - - - grasses along dike. Broad fringing marsh of predominately tall % 80 10 5 5 - - - - and intermediate form saltmarsh cordgrass; 108 Mockhorn 107 .5 zone of high marsh species including salt- I Bay bushes and saltmeadow along uplands. acres a6.o 10.8 5.4 5.4 -- - - Broad marsh fringe; grades from extensive tall % 90 5 5 - - - - form saltmarsh cordgrass areas back to zone of I 109 Mockhorn 133.3 high marsh species along uplands. Bay acres 120.0 6.7 - 6.7 - - -

Several marsh islands of predominately tall % 100 - form saltmarsh cordgrass; small areas of I llO Mockhorn 6.2 Bay saltwort and sea oxeye. acres 6.2 -

% 98 2 Marsh island of predominately tall form salt marsh cordgrass; interior section with short I 111 Mockhorn 4. 7 Channel form cordgrass and some saltwort. acres ~ .6 0.1 Marsh island; predominately tall form salt % 98 2 marsh cordgrass but zone of short form cord- I 112 Mockhorn 32.0 grass with saltwort along western side of Channel acres 31.4 0.6 marsh.

Marsh island; zone of tall form saltmarsh % 95 5 cordgrass around perimeter; interior mostly ll3 Mockhorn 55.7 short form cordgrass with saltwort. I Channel acres 52.9 2.8

% 100 - 114 Mockhorn 4.7 Several adjacent marsh islands; predominately I Bay acres 4.7 - tall form saltmarsh cordgrass.

38 Section v. Mockhorn Island (continued)

.c ,.._Q) .c en ,.._ m en ::::, ::::, Q) ::::, ,.._ en Q) ,.._ ,.._ en ::::, O" C Q) Q) -::::, (.) 3: en en m en Q. - Q) .0 "'O en m en 0 <( en Q) en 3: "'O Q) ,.._ Q) m Q) en C ·- - E en ,.._ Q) (/) Q. ,.._ .c Cl) 0 Q) Q) >, .c 0) .0 m .c .c :.=: Q) - Q) Q) ~ Cl) Cl) "'O Q) (/) (/) m,.._ >, (.) en .c ,.._ Q) ,.._ "'O,.._ I ~ ,.._ en >. .c LL (.) ,.._ m m X > I ..... I- cu f- <( m ,.._ Q) Q) en z en m m ,.._ - 0 C, ::::, -0 0 m m.~ .c .c .c "'O E o:, en ~ -~ 0 ...J Q) E ,.._ >, a: .c - E en .0 := E u en,.._ en,.._ E _.o Q) ,.._en "'O Q) (/) m - "'O,.._ (.) m m m Q) m ,._ - m == 0) m m - -E C -0 mo -m ,.._ -m ~ m -m Q) Q) -m m - -m m._ m Q) Q) ::::, C'\l # Marsh Location I- enu en c, en en en u en en en en ~ ~ s: en en LL 0 ~ en a: en Observations ~

Several adjacent marsh islands formed along % 2 98 edge of channel; mostly tall form saltmarsh Mockhorn 115 15.2 cordgrass with interior areas of short form I Channel cordgrass. acres 14.9 ~.3

Marsh island with tall form saltmarsh cord- % 95 5 grass around perimeter; interior of short form 116 Mockhorn 3.3 cordgrass with saltwort; some oyster shell. I Channel acres t3. l Kl .2 Extensive marsh area; predominately tall form % 90 3 2 - 5 --- - saltmarsh cordgrass grades to band of high 117 Mockhorn 233.1 I Bay marsh species along upland; several ridges of acres 1209.8 7.0 4.7 - 11. 7 -- - - high elevation along bay edge of marsh.

Fringe and embayed marsh area; predominately % 85 5 5 - 5 - -- - - of saltmarsh cordgrass with fringe of high Marion Scott 118 50.5 marsh along uplands; channel dredged across I Cove acres 42.9 2.5 2.5 - 2.5 - - - - - marsh to upland.

% 90 3 2 - 5 - - - - Extensive marsh dominated by tall form salt - marsh cordgrass; zone of high marsh species Mockhorn 119 679.0 including salt meadow, saltbushes, needlerush I Channel acres ~11.1 20.4 13.6 - 34.0 -- - - - with some cattails along upland edge.

Wide fringing marsh section; grades from tall % 70 15 5 - 5 5 -- - - form cordgrass to short form cordgrass then to 120 Magothy 76.0 zone of high marsh along uplands; several I Bay acres 153.2 11.4 3.8 - 3.8 3.8 -- - - large areas of brackish marsh dominated by hibiscus and cattail; dredged channel. predominately % 80 10 5 - 5 -- - - Extensive marsh section; tall - form cordgrass with several ridges of high Magothy 121 177 .5 marsh species; wide zone of high marsh along I Bay acres 142.0 17.8 8.9 - 8.9 - - - - - upland border.

Section of broad fringing marsh; saltmarsh % 60 15 10 5 10 cordgrass grades back to wide zone of high 122 Magothy 185.0 marsh along uplands; scattered hunnnocks of I Bay acres 111.C 27.8 18.5 9.2 18.5 high marsh also in cordgrass zone; several dredged channels.

39 Section V. Mockhorn Island (continued)

Q) ..c ...... c (/) rn (/) .... Q) :J (/) :J :J .... Q) C ...... - (/) :J .... cr rn Q) Q) :J (/) u 3: (/) (/) (/) 0 Q. <( Q) .0 (/) (/) :::: "O "O co rn .... Q) (/) Q) C .... E (/) Q) rn Q) (/) Q. Q) ..c (/) 0 Q) 0) .0 - Q) Q) >, Q) ..c rn Q) ..c ..c. == .... ~ rn >, .... (/) (/) "O Q) Q) (/) (/) (/) >, ..c u .._ rn (/) ..c .... > "O I ~ I ...... LL u .... r rn (/) .... (/) ...... r (.? cu <( rn .._ Q) Q) z 0 >< rn rn 0 rn rn.~ 0 (/) :J _J ..c ..c .... >, ..c "O ..c ~ 0 () (/) Q) E .._ (/) a: - E _g' E (/) .0 :::: ·cu E (/) E .... .0 Q) "O Q) (/) rn :!:: ...... :!:: u ...... rn rn ...... rn Q) rn ...... - rn - .... - 0) rn rn -E C rn 0 rn o rn .... rn rn rn rn Q) Q) rn rn rn rn._ - rn Q) Q) :J # Marsh Location r (./') () (./') (.? (./') co (./') () (./') (./') (./') co ~ ~ :s: (./') (./') LL 0 ~ (./') a: (./') Observations ~ Extensive marsh dominated by areas of tall I 95 5 I % and intermediate form saltmarsh cordgrass; 123 Mockhorn 1728. scattered areas of short form cordgrass mixed I Island with saltwort. acres tl.642. 86.0 I Extensive marsh section of mostly tall and I % 90 10 - intermediate forms of saltmarsh cordgrass; 124 Sand Shoal 68.9 some areas with short form saltmarsh cordgrass I Channel acres ~2.0 6.9 - and saltwort.

% 95 5 Predominately tall and intermediate form 125 Sand Shoal 40.3 I Channel saltmarsh cordgrass area; new growth of acres t38.3 2.0 cordgrass at south end.

Marsh area formed between two large channels % 98 2 that connect with South Bay; mostly tall and 126 Mockhorn 463.3 intermediate forms of saltmarsh cordgrass. I Island acres 454.C 9.3

Marsh area of tall and intermediate form % 95 5 ) saltmarsh cordgrass with.areas of short form 127 New 815.5 cordgrass mixed with saltwort; include I Marsh acres 774. i 40.8 isolated patch of tall form cordgrass.

Marsh section dominated by tall form salt % 95 5 marsh cordgrass with scattered areas of short 128 Mockhorn 240.0 form mixed with saltwort; includes scattered I Channel acres 228 .c 12.0 patches of mostly tall form cordgrass along channel.

100 ! % Recently established patches of tall form 129 Mockhorn 10.4 saltmarsh cordgrass along edge of channel. I Channel acres 10.4

Extensive marsh section dominated by tall and I % 95 5 - I - - intermediate forms of saltmarsh cordgrass; i 130 Mockhorn 754.6 grades to high marsh ridge which forms center I Island acres 716.9 - - 37.7 - of island.

40 Section V. Mockhorn Island (continued)

Cl) .c .... .c (/) rn (/) :::J .... :::J Cl) :::J .... (/) Cl) C ...... - (/) :::J cr rn Cl) Cl) :::J (/) u 3: (/) (/) - Cl) .0 a. (/) Cl) (/) "O CD rn (/) 0 , .c Ol .0 rn .c .... Cl) - >, .... Cl) Cl) .c = .::£. rn (/) (/) "O Cl) Cl) (/) "O (/) (/) >, .c - .... u .._ rn rn (/) .c .... > ...... I ~ I .... u. u I- rn .._ Cl) (/) z (/) X ....- I- 0 CJ C\l , .c E o, .::£. 0 () (/) Cl) E .._ (/) a: Q) (/) - E (/) .0 3: rn E (/) E _..c Cl) "O ,._ rn u ...... Cl) - "O.... ±::: rn rn rn C rn rn - rn Q) Q) CJ) rn Cil rn -E Cil Q) Cl) Cil -0 rn o Cil .... -Cil -rn -rn -Cil - -rn Cil ·- :::J # Marsh Location I- Cl)() Cl) CJ Cl) CD Cl) () Cl) Cl) Cl) CD ~ ~ ~ Cl) Cl) u. 0 ~ Cl) a: Cl) Observations ~

% 5 20 20 50 5 - High marsh ridge extending along the center of the island; marsh surrounds upland areas Mockhorn XII 131 253.2 of cedar, myrtle, saltbushes, etc. Island acres 12.7 50.6 50.6 126.6 12.7 - Marsh section of mostly tall and intermediate % 95 - 5 - - saltmarsh cordgrass; scattered areas through- 132 Mockhorn 936.0 out of short form cordgrass and saltwort; I Island grades west to high marsh ridge. acres 889.2 - 46.8 - - Broad marsh section of predominately salt % 85 2 2 10 1 - cordgrass; high marsh areas of sea Mockhorn marsh I 133 196.0 oxeye and saltbushes scattered throughout; Island acres ~66.6 3.9 3.9 19.6 2.0 - grades east to high marsh ridge at center of island. Broad marsh section dominated by areas of % 90 - - 10 - - tall and intermediate saltmarsh cordgrass; I 134 Mockhorn 804.0 scattered ridges of high marsh and areas of Island acres ~23.6 - - ao.4 - - short form cordgrass and saltwort.

Large marsh section dominated by saltmarsh % 80 5 5 10 - - cordgrass; grades to numerous high marsh Mockhorn 135 736.1 ridges and at highest elevations to upland; I Island acres 1588.9 36.8 36.8 73.6 - - large diked area at south end of marsh. Extensive marsh section; tall and intermediate % 95 5 form saltmarsh cordgrass along channels grades Main Ship 136 1580. to areas of short form mixed with saltwort. I Shoal Channel acres 1501. 79.

2 % 98 Extensive marsh section dominated by tall and Main Ship I 137 343.8 intermediate forms of saltmarsh cordgrass. Shoal Channel I acres 1336.9 6.9 I I

% 90 2 1 - 7 - - - - - Total 10742. Section V acres 9646. 196 .1 48.9 9.2 723.3 3.8 14. 7 - - - I

41 Section VI. Wreck, Ship Shoal, Godwin, Myrtle, Mink Islands

This section of shoreline includes those barrier islands and marsh areas located between Cobb Island to the north, Mockhorn Island to the west and Smith Island to the south. Wreck Island, which is the furthest north of these, consists of extensive marsh areas (#142, 143) located behind a barrier of beach and dune. The upland portion of this island has been subject to active erosion and westward movement in recent history and therefore much of the adjacent salt marsh, especially along the southern half, has been subject to storm overwash. The marsh areas which remain are of predominately tall and intermediate height saltmarsh cordgrass (Tvpe I) with new marsh growth evident along the western edge. Scattered throughout these low marsh areas are ridges and shortcform saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with saltwort (Type I), while immediately adjacent to the upland section or the island there is a zone of high marsh consisting primarily of saltmeadow grasses with saltbushes (Type II, IV). West of Wreck Island there are several marsh islands, the largest of which is Man and Boy Marsh (4,1:138). These areas are characterized by 9redominately tall and intermediate forms of saltmarsh cordgrass with interior sections of short-form saltmarsh cordgrass and saltwort. Ship Shoal Island consists of extensive saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marshes located behind an upland barrier of beach and small dunes. Severe erosion along this upland portion results in frequent storm overwashes on to the marsh, especially at the northern end (fl47). At the southern end of the island (#149) there are several upland ridges within the marsh. These are vegetated with upland grasses and saltbushes and are surrounded by high marsh zones as well as areas of short-form saltmarsh cordgrass and saltwort. Godwin Island (fl50) lies adjacent to Ship Shoal Island and it is composed primarily of tall and intermediate forms of saltmarsh cordgrass. Scattered throughout, especially along the northern shoreline, are areas of short-form saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with saltwort. There are also numerous smaller marsh islands near both Ship Shoal and Godwin Islands (#144, 146, 151, 152). These are composed primarily of tall-form saltmarsh cordgrass but several contain areas of short-form saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with saltwort. The marshes of Myrtle Island (fl53) are composed primarily of tall-form saltmarsh cordgrass. However, adjacent to the upland section of the island these grade to a zone of short-form saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with saltwort and finally to a high marsh zone of saltbushes. Mink Island (#154) is an extensive marsh area adjacent to Myrtle Island. It is composed primarily of tall and intermediate forms of saltmarsh cordgrass but at the northeast corner there is an area of high marsh surrounding several remnants of a beach ridge. Big Creek Marsh ({,~155, 156) extends west from Mink Island to Main Ship Shoal Channel. It too is composed largely of tall-form saltmarsh cordgrass and saltwort found along the edge of its northern channel. Huch of the saltmarsh cordgrass along its southern end has been recently established. This appears due to the recent closing of several inlets along Smith Island with the resultant spread of the cordgrass onto the former inlets' flood tide deposits.

42 SECTION VI. WRECK,SHIP SHOAL,GODWIN,MYRTLE,MINK ISLANDS

• 0 - ~139- ~ 141

NEW INLET

SOUTH BAY tits~~,• C .146

ATLANTIC OCEAN

e)/9 ·-l-· •

SCALE 1 , ,'2,000

1000 0 1000 5000 FEET Id I Section VI. Wreck, Ship Sboal, Godwin Myrtle, Mink Islands

Q) .c. ,._ .c. en ,._ Ctl en ::::, ::::, Q) ::::, ,._ en Q) ,._ ,._ ::::, cr C - en Ctl Q) Q) ::::, en u ~ -(/) en 0 0. <( Q) .0 r/J ~ "'O co Ctl,._ r/J r/J Q) r/J "'O Q) en Q) Ctl Q) r/J Q) 0 Q) C .0 - E ,._ Q) 0. ,._ .c. en Q) >, Q) .c. O> Ctl Q) .c. .c. :..: .::.::- Ctl >, en cn "'O Q) Q) en >, .c. ,._ u ,._ Ctl r/J .c. ,._ en,._ "'O,._ I ~ r/J,._ LL u I- Ctl r/J X > I ,._ I- cu <( Ctl ,._ Q) Q) z en Ctl Ctl ,._ Ctl Ctl -~- 0 ~ -0 0 ::::, ...J .c. .c. >, .c. "'O .c. E oi en .::.:: 0 (.) Q) E ,._ a: Q) E r/J .0 ~ Ctl E r/J ,._en E Q) en "'O en,._ Ctl _-o u ,._ _.o ,._ Q) - ,._ Ctl,._ :::: Ctl Ctl Ctl -E C Ctl Ctl 0 Ctl 0 -Ctl ==Ctl Ctl -Ctl Ctl Q) Q) ==Ctl O> Ctl Ctl - -Ctl Ctl Q) Q) ::::, Ctl Ctl ·- - (/) () (/) (/) (.) (/) (/) (/) - (/) (/) # Marsh Location I- (/) ~ co (/) co ~ ~ ~ (/) LL 0 ~ a: Observations ~

dominated by saltmarsh % 5 Large marsh island; 95 - - form predominately along Man and Boy cordgrass with tall I 138 414.7 extensive interior sections with Marsh channels; acres t394.0 20.7 - - short form cordgrass and saltwort.

% 100 - Numerous small patches of marsh along tidal I 139 Man and Boy 6.6 flat; predominately tall form saltmarsh cord- Marsh acres 6.6 - grass. Marsh islands of predominately tall and % 95 5 - - intermediate form saltmarsh cordgrass; I 140 South Bay 27.3 interior sections of short form cordgrass acres 125. 9 1.4 - - with saltwort. Marsh island; dominated by saltmarsh cord- % 90 10 - - grass with interior sections mostly short form I 141 South Bay 12.7 cordgrass and saltwort; large areas of oyster acres 11.4 1.3 - - shell.

% 95 1 - 4 - - - Extensive marsh section formed behind barrier predominately tall and intermediate Wreck Island island; I 142 259.5 form saltmarsh cordgrass with scattered areas acres 246 -~ 2.6 - 10.4 - - - of short form; grades to band of saltwort along upland; then zone of high marsh species. Extensive marsh section; predominately taTI % 95 1 - 4 - - - and intermediate form saltmarsh cordgrass I 143 Wreck Island 227.0 with areas of short form; band of high marsh acres 215.E 2.3 - 9.1 - - - species along upland, sand overwashed from beach in several sections.

% 100 - Marsh island of predominately tall form I 144 New Inlet 5.2 saltmarsh cordgrass. acres 5.2 -

Large marsh island of predominately tall and 2 % 98 intermediate form saltmarsh cordgrass; band New Inlet I 145 91.3 of short form cordgrass with some saltwort acres 89.5 1.8 along eastern edge.

45 Section VI. Wreck, Ship Shoal, Godwin Myrtle, Mink Islands (continued)

a> ..c ...... c en CIJ en :::, .... :::, .... ,._ en :::, cr C -:::, ~ (/) en CIJ a> a> en u Q. - ..0 Cl) 0 a> en ~ "'O "'O CIJ en - en cu C .... E en a> a> en Q. a> ..c en 0 a> >, ..c Ol ..0 cu ..c ..c :.: .... a> - .... "'O a> a> a> ..c ~ co,._ >, u en en ..c a> a> en "'O I ~ en en >. LL u I- ,._ CIJ CIJ en .... > ...... I .... I- C1:l en z en X co CIJ .... - 0 0 a> - CIJ 0 CIJ -~ :::, 0 ..c ..c .... >, ..c "'O ..c oi en ~ 0 .....J E .._ a: - E E en ..0 ~ CIJ E 0 en en a> E a> en "'O a> en CIJ - "'O .:t: u CIJ CIJ ...... - ..0 .... CIJ a> CIJ .... - .... CIJ Ol CIJ CIJ -E C CIJ CIJ -0 CIJ 0 -CIJ .... CIJ ~ -CIJ -CIJ a> a> -CIJ CIJ - -CIJ CIJ ·- - a> a> :::, # Marsh Location I- (1)0 Cl) 0 Cl) Cl) Cl) 0 Cl) Cl) Cl) Cl) ~ ~ ~ Cl) Cl) LL 0 ~ Cl) a: Cl) Observations ~

Several marsh islands along sides of channel; % 98 2 - salt- predominately tall and intermediate form I 146 Black Rock 28.8 marsh cordgrass but with ridges of short form Channel cordgrass and saltwort. acres t28.2 kl. 6 ' Extensive marsh section north of marsh channel;r % 90 5 5 - - dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass but grades to Ship Shoal I 77 .o zone of meadow along sand spit. 147 Island acres l:>9 .3 3.8 3.8 - - I I Extensive marsh section formed between two % 97 - 3 - - - large marsh channels; predominately tall and Ship Shoal 159.5 intermediate form saltmarsh cordgrass with I 148 Island acres 154.7 - 48 - - - short form areas along beach. Extensive marsh section formed behind main % 95 - 5 - - - - tall and intermediate forms - body of island; I 149 Ship Shoal 416.0 -, of cordgrass grade to wide short form and Island acres 395.2 - - 20.8 - - - - saltwort areas adjacent to uplands; saltbushes in several locations. Extensive marsh area adjacent to Ship Shoal ! I % 98 - 2 - Island; mostly tall and intermediate form I 150 Godwin 850.0 saltmarsh cordgrass; zone of short form cord- Island grass with saltwort evident around perimeter acres 833.C - 17.0 - of marsh.

% 100 - islands dominated by tall form Several marsh I 151 Black Rock 14.5 saltmarsh cordgrass. Channel acres 14.5 -

Large marsh island of mostly tall and inter- % 97 3 - I mediate form saltmarsh cordgrass; short form I Ship Shoal I 152 56.0 I Channel cordgrass with saltwort evident at north end. acres 54.3 1. 7 - I I Extensive marsh formed behind beach and dune % 95 - - 5 - - - - system of barrier island; short form cordgrass Myrtle I 153 523.5 and saltwort with fringe of saltbush along Island acres 497. - - 26.2 - - - - upland; remainder of marsh mostly tall form cordgrass.

46 Section VI. Wreck, Ship Shoal, Godwin Myrtle, Mink Islands (continued)

Q.) .c .... I .c (/) C'tl (/) :::, .... :::, Q.) :::, .... (/) Q.) C: ...... - (/) :::, cr Q.) Q.) :::, (/) ~ (/) (/) C'tl u Q. - Q.) .c (/) - "O CD C'tl (/) 0 .c -C'tl .c .c .... Q.) - .... >- Q.) Q.) == .::t:. C'tl (/) (/) "O Q.) Q.) (/) "O (/) (/) >- .c .... >- u .... C'tl C'tl (/) .c > I ~ I LL u I- (/) .... (/) X ...... I- cu - (/) "O Q.) (/) ~ E .c ~ ...... E _.c Q.) ...... - "O.... C'tl ±:! u t:: C'tl C'tl ±:! C: C'tl Q.) C'tl C'tl Q.) Q.) O> C'tl C'tl C'tl -E C'tl Q.) Q.) :::, C'tl -0 C'tl 0 -C'tl .... C'tl -C'tl C'tl C'tl - -C'tl C'tl ·- - # Marsh Location I- Cl)() Cl) C, Cl) CD Cl) () Cl) Cl) Cl) CD ~ ~ $'. Cl) Cl) LL 0 ~ Cl) a: Cl) Observations ~

% 95 5 - - Extensive marsh area adjacent to Myrtle - - Island; predominately tall and intermediate Mink Island 731. 7 I 154 form saltmarsh cordgrass; upland area of acres 695.1 - - 36.6 - - cedar, grasses, etc. in northeast corner is surrounded bv band of high marsh. Extensive marsh area; predominately tall form % 100 new growth at southern - saltmarsh cordgrass; I 155 Big Creek 430.4 end. Marsh acres +30.4 -

Extensive marsh section; southern portion % 98 2 mostly tall form cordgrass with some new 156 Big Creek 979.5 I Marsh growth; short form cordgrass with saltwort acres ~59 .5 19.6 along channel at northern end.

% 97 - - 3 - - - - Total 5310.8 Section VI acres 5126. 8.7 - 175.8 - - - -

47 Section VII. Smith Island

This section describes the marsh areas immediately adjacent to and west of the upland beach, dune and forested ridges of Smith Island. For the most part these marshes are characterized by tall and intermediate forms of saltmarsh cordgrass (Type I) with scattered high marsh species (Type II, IV) along the upland borders. At the northern end of the island overwash and encroach ment from the beach is slowly destroying the marsh (#157). In contrast, the marshes (#158, 159, 160) along much of the middle sections of the island are tall-form saltmarsh cordgrass which has become established on sand deposits left after the recent closing of two tidal inlets. At the southern end of the island the marshes exist as pocket areas between ridges of upland (#162). Saltmarsh cord grass fringes along the Magothy Bay shoreline and grades inland to a zone of saltwort. The interior section of the marsh pockets are largely high marsh, with salt meadow grasses, saltbushes and sea-oxeye most abundant.

48 THE HAU LOY ER

MAGOTHY BAY 161 •

e>/9

·+·• SCALE 1 : 42,000

1000 0 1000 5000 FEET

SECTION VII. SMITH ISLAND Section VII. Smith Island

(l) ..c ... ..c Cl) (tl Cl) ::::, ... ::::, (l) ::::, Cl) (l) ... ::::, 0- C ...... - Cl) (tl (l) (l) ::::, Cl) (..) 3: Cl) Cl) - (l) .0 (tl Cl) 0 a. <( Cl) Cl) 3: "'O cc (tl (l) Cl) "'O (l) Cl) (l) (l) Cl) (l) 0 (l) C ... -(tl E a. ..c Cl) (l) >, ..c Cl .0 ..c ..c :.:: ... (l) - (tl (l) (l) .::£ >, ... Cl) Cl) "'O (l) (l) Cl) "'O Cl) Cl) >, ..c u ... (tl (tl Cl) ..c > I ~ I LL u ... I- <( (l) Cl) ... Cl) X (tl ...... I- ro (tl ... (l) z (tl (tl ...(tl -~- 0 C, -0 0 Cl) ::::, _J ..c ..c ... >, ..c "'O ..c - .::£ 0 (.) Cl) Cl) (l) E .._ Cl) a: (l) (tl E .g E Cl) .0 3: -~ E E _.o (l) "'O Cl) (tl u (tl (tl ...... :: ... (tl (l) (tl .... == ... (tl :: (tl (tl (tl -E C (tl (tl 0 (tl 0 (tl ... ~ (tl -(tl (l) (l) ==(tl Cl (tl (l) (l) ::::, - - - - - (tl ·- # Marsh Location I- Cl) (.) Cl) C, Cl) cc Cl) (.) Cl) Cl) Cl) cc ~ ~ ~ Cl) Cl) LL 0 ~ Cl) a: Cl) Observations ~

% 98 - - 2 - - - - - Extensive marsh sections at northern end of island; predominately tall form saltmarsh I 157 Smith 527.2 Island with zone of high marsh species along upland acres 1516.7 - - 10.5 - - - - - edge of island; overwashed from beach in several sections. Extensive marsh area in the vicinity of the % 100 ------recently closed Bungalow Inlet; predominately I 158 Smith 302.2 tall form saltmarsh cordgrass with much new Island acres 302.2 ------growth on mud flats.

Extensive marsh section formed behind middle % 95 - - 5 - - - - portion of island; new growth of saltmarsh I 159 Smith 368.2 Island cordgrass at north end of section. acres 349.8 - - 18.4 - - - - Extensive marsh section; predominately tall % 85 2 3 10 - - - - - form saltmarsh cordgrass grades to band of I 160 Smith 226.0 Island saltwort along uplands then to high marsh of acres 192.1 4.5 6.8 22.6 - - - - - saltbushes, sea oxeye and salt meadow grasses.

% 95 - 5 - - Marsh islands dominated·by tall form saltmarsh cordgrass; new growth of cordgrass on I 161 Smith 66.2 Island tidal flats evident; interior of largest acres 62.9 - 3.3 - - island has some high marsh. Saltmarsh cordgrass fringe and pocket areas % 35 15 10 - 25 10 2 - 3 - at south end of island grade to zone of salt- XII 162 Smith 171.4 wort then high marsh of saltbushes, sea oxeye Island acres 60.0 25.7 17.1 - 42.8 17.1 3.4 - 5.1 - and meadow grasses.

% 89 2 3 - 6 1 - - - - Total 1661.2 Section VII acres 1484 30.2 23.9 - 97.6 17.1 3.4 - 5.1 -

51 Section VIII. Cape Charles, Fishermans Island

The wetland areas along the ocean side of Cape Charles consist of both broad, fringing marshes found along Magothy Bay (#163-166) and extensive marsh areas at Racoon Creek (#168-172). The fringing marsh typically grades from a zone of tall-form saltmarsh cordgrass (Type I) along the Magothy Bay shoreline through a zone of short-form saltmarsh cordgrass mixed with saltwort (Type I, X), to high marsh areas (Type II, IV) adjacent to the uplands. Throughout the tall saltmarsh cordgrass zone (#163) there also are found intermittent ridges of high marsh which parallel the upland. These ridges are vegetated largely with sea-oxeye as well as saltwort, saltmeadow grasses and saltwort. Most probably they are a continuation of the ancient beach ridges found further north and described in Section I, III and V. Adjacent to the uplands, the high marsh is composed largely of saltbushes with an understozyof saltmeadow grasses and scattered stands of black needlerush. One high marsh area (#165) has been diked, however a culvert allows tidal flushing to the interior. Further south, the marsh areas located in the vicinity of Racoon Creek are divided by a dredged channel of the intercoastal waterway. North of this channel the marshes (#170, 171) are largely of tall-form saltmarsh cordgrass although there are also areas of short-form saltmarsh cordgrass and saltwort (#169). There are in addition, several marsh areas which have been filled, probably through spoil deposition, and adjacent to these areas reed grass (Type VIII) is invading the bordering high marsh. South of the intercoastal waterway, in those marsh areas welJ. drained by tidal channels, there is pre dominately tall-form saltmarsh cordgrass growing (#172). However, in the vicinity of Raccoon Island (#168) there are several upland ridges which are surrounded by high marsh. These may be a continuation of the ridge areas found along the Mockhorn Island (Section V). Skidmore Island (#167) on the other hand is largely upland. It is surrounded by a fringe of saltmarsh cordgrass which erades to only a narrow zone of high marsh. Fisherman's Island is the southern-most area of salt marsh found in Northampton County. Because it is an accreting island, much of the marsh associated with it has been recently established and is characteristically dominated by stands of tall-form saltmarsh cordgrass. The construction of highway Route 13 has divided this marsh into two sections. West of Route 13 the marsh (#173) consists largely of saltmarsh cordgrass with some high marsh species growing along the upland edge. Since the highway construction was completed a long spit has developed from north to south, turning this area into a shallow tidal cove and allowing for rapid growth of saltmarsh cordgrass at the northern end. The majority of marsh found on Fisherman's Island occurs east of Route 13 (#174-177). Because the island has been rapidly growing eastward, much of the marsh is of recent origin and is dominated by tall-form salt marsh cordgrass. There are, however, numerous upland ridges found throughout the marsh which mark the earlier stages of island development. Adjacent to these ridges areas and along the main upland body of the island there exist high marsh zones with abundant saltwort, salt~eadow grasses, sea-oxeye and saltbushes. Along the southern end of the island there is a narrow lagoon that is formed behind a beach ridge and drained through a central tidal opening (#177). This marsh is of largely saltmarsh cordgrass which grades into a high marsh zone of saltmeadow grasses.

52 CUSHMANS LANDING

CEDAR GROVE

MAGOTHY BAY

CAPE CHARLES

/ / / ,/' / r"" / 'b0 ~-,,-',, \ ~,,,,"' SKID ORE ISLAND ,,/' (.:) / 1" ~ '167 OLLY BLUFF ISLAND

,, ,, / / / ,,,,,' / INTRACOAST AL ,,/ WATERWAY

FISHERMANS ISLAND

~ .-1-. J •

SCALE 1 : 42,000

1000 0 1000 5000 FEET '

SECTION VIII. CAPE CHARLES,FISHERMANS ISLAND Section VIII. Cape Charles, Fisherman's Island

Q.) ..c. I.. ..c. (/) (/) I.. co Q.) :::J (/) :::J . :::J I.. Q.) C I.. I.. (/) :::J O' Q.) Q.) :::J (/) (.) 3: (/) (/) co - Q.) .0 (/) 0 a. <( (/) (/) 3: "O "O CD ro Q.) (/) Q.) C I.. (/) Q.) ro Q.) (/) Q.) ..c. (/) 0 Q.) - E I.. Q.) a. .._ Q.) >, Q.) ..c. Ol .0 ro Q.) ..c. ..c. ::: -.::it:. >, (/) (/) "O Q.) (/) (/) >, ro (.) (/) ..c. Q.) "O (/) ..c. (.) I.. > .._ I ~ I.. u. I- '- ro co (/) I.. (/) X I.. I I.. - I- (.'.) (\j <( ro '- Q.) Q.) z -0 ro co 0 co ro.~ 0 (/) :::J ....J ..c. ..c. I.. >, ..c. "O ..c. E oi .::it:. "cij 0 () (/) Q.) (/) cc: (/) E (/) .0 3: E (/) E E '- Q.) "O Q.) co _"O (.) I.. .._ _.o I.. I.. - I.. ~ ro ro ~ ~ ro Q.) ro co ro Ol ro ro -E C ro co -0 ro o -co I.. ro -ro -co Q.) Q.) co co - co co ·- - Q.) Q.) :::J # Marsh Location I- en u CJ') (.'.) en CD en () en en en CD ~ ~ ~ en CJ') u. 0 ~ en cc: en Observations ~

% - - Tall form saltmarsh cordgrass with intermitt- 85 5 - - 10 - - - - ent ridge of high marsh species along bay Magothy I 163 301.3 shoreline; grades back to short form cord- Bay grass with saltwort and saltmeadow areas. acres 1256.1 15 .1 - - 30.1 ------

% 30 50 20 - - - - - Interior section of broad fringing marsh; V 164 Magothy 70.5 dominated by saltbushes with understory of Bay meadow; abundant needlerush throughout. acres 21.2 35.2 14.1 - - - - -

% 20 40 40 -- - - Diked area of predominately high marsh; tidal - flushing permitted through culvert; saltmarsh XII 165 Magothy 43.5 Bay cordgrass in center near culvert grades to acres 8.7 17.4 17.4 - - - - - meadow and saltbushes along the upland. Embayed marsh area; filled causeway built % 80 5 5 - 10 ------across marsh forms northern border; pre- I 166 Mill Creek 149.0 dominately saltmarsh cordgrass with zone of acres high marsh along upland edges. 119. ~ 7.4 7.4 - 14.9 ------

% 90 5 - 5 - - Fringe of tall and intermediate form salt- I 167 Skidmore 18.4 marsh cordgrass around island; cordgrass Island grades to zone of high marsh species along acres 16. I 0.9 - 0.9 - - upland edge.

Saltmarsh cordgrass along water grades to % 55 20 5 20 ------interior sections of saltwort then high I 168 Racoon 144.2 Island marsh areas of saltbushes and saltmeadow acres 79. 28.8 7.2 - 28.8 - - - - - grasses.

% Marsh section of predominately short form 60 15 5 20 - - -- Cape Charles - - - saltmarsh cordgrass and saltwort; zone of 169 39.5 I saltbushes and saltmeadow grasses along acres 23. 5.9 2.0 - 7.9 ------upland.

% 90 5 - 5 - - - - Embayed marsh area north of Intercoastal 170 Cape Charles 103 .o Waterway; dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass I with some areas mixed with saltwort; zone of acres 5.2 5.2 - - - - 92. - high marsh around upland perimeter.

54 Section VIII. Cape Charles, Fishermans Island (continued)

Q.) .c. ... .c. en co en ::J ... ::J Q.) ::J en Q.) C ...... -... en ::J CT Q.) Q.) ::J en u ~ en en co 0 Q. - Q.) .c "O al co en en Cl) en ~ "O Q.) < Q.) co Q.) en C ... - E en Q.) en Q .c. Cl) 0 Q.) Q.) >, .c. O') .c co .c. .c. :.: ... Q.) - Q.) Q.) .::it:. co ::>, ... en en "O Q.) Q.) en en >, .c. u ... co en .c. > "O I ~ I en LL u ... I- co Q.) en ... X ...... I- <., ctl < co ... Q.) z -0 en co co 0 co co.~... - 0 ::J ..J .c. .c. ... .c. "O .c::: E O"> en .::it:. 'cij 0 (.) (I.) E .._ >, a: E en .c ~ E en en E Q.) en "O Q.) Cl) co - "O :!::! u :!::! ...... :!::! ...... c ... Q.) - ... co co co O') co -E C co co 0 CO 0 co ... "ni- co -co -co (I.) Q.) co co co - co CO,_ co Q.) Q.) ::J -co - Cl)() Cl) Cl) (.)- Cl) Cl) Cl) - # Marsh Location I- <., al Cl) Cl) in ~ ~ s: Cl) LL 0 ~ Cl) a: Cl) Observations ~

Extensive marsh area south of intercoastal % 85 3 2 10 - - - - - waterway; predominately saltmarsh cordgrass 171 Racoon 208.0 with areas of saltwort; several ridges of I Creek saltbushes and other high marsh species. acres 1176.8 6.2 4.2 t20.8 - - - - - Embayed marsh area; predominately saltmarsh % 75 5 5 - 15 ------cordgrass with saltwort; grades to zone of Cape I 172 76.0 high marsh around perimeter; large area of Charles acres 57.0 3.8 3.8 - 11.4 ------sandy spoil at southern end. Shallow tidal cove dominated by extensive % 95 3 - 2 - - - - - area of saltmarsh cordgrass; high marsh Fishermans 74.5 species form zone between cordgrass and up- I 173 Island acres • land dunes; high marsh fringe at north end of 70.S 2.2 - 1.5 - - - - - cove with some pioneer growth of cordgrass. Extensive marsh area of predominately tall % 80 10 4 - 5 1 - - - - form saltmarsh cordgrass; partially separated Fishermans I 174 94.9 from adjacent marsh by dune ridge; cordgrass Island acres 75.9 9.5 3.8 4.7 0.9 - - - - grades to zone of saltwort then to zone of - saltmeadow and saltbushes. % Extensive marsh area dominated by tall form 95 - - - 5 - - - - saltmarsh cordgrass; grades to zone of high Fishermans 318.8 I 175 Island marsh along edge of upland dunes; high marsh acres 302. S 15.9 - - - - grades from saltwort to sea oxeye and salt- - - - meadow. Marsh area at east end of island; saltmarsh % 65 15 2 - 15 2 1 - - cordgrass extends between ridges of upland I 176 Fishermans 109.0 dunes and high marsh species; high marsh Island salt- acres 70.E 16.3 2.2 - 16.3 2.2 1.1 - - predominately saltwort, sea oxeye, meadow.

% 70 30 ------Shallow tidal pond with marsh fringe; salt- Fishermans I 177 20.2 marsh cordgrass along open water grades Island back to areas of saltmeadow grasses. acres 14.' 6.1 ------

% 77 8 5 1 9 ------Total 1770 .8 Section VIII. acres 1365 146.C 83.2 14.1 158A - 3 .1 - - 1.1 - - -

55 Section IX. Occohannock Creek

This section of Northampton County shoreline includes those marsh areas located along Occohannock Creek as well as several small coves which empty into the creek. It marks the first section of this report describing the Bay side marshes of the county. The wetlands are for the most part either fringe or pocket areas and are largely vegetated with saltmarsh cordgrass (Type I). There are however, numerous areas of high marsh scattered throughout (Type II, IV). Generally these high marsh areas of saltmeadow grasses and saltbushes are found in the interior portions of the pocket or spit marshes. In fringing marshes they occur as a narrow zone between the saltmarsh cordgrass and the upland. Although the tidal marshes located along this section of shoreline are generally small in size they are very important in helping to protectmuch of the shoreline from erosion as well as filtering much of the runoff from the upland.

56 8--~o--- 8

WARDTOWN ..----~ .... ______,@)

e>/8

·+·• SECTION IX. OCCOHANNOCK CREEK SCALE 1 , 2,.000

1000 0 1000 2000 FEET

57 Section IX. Occohannock Creek

..c (I)...... c (/) C'CI (/) .... (I) ::::, (/) ::::, ::::, (I) C .... (/) ::::, er ...... - C'CI (I) (I) ::::, (/) u 3: -(/) (/) (/) 0 0. <( (I) .0 (/) 3: -,:, ,:, CD C'CI (/) (I) (/) (I) .... - (/) (I) C'CI (I) (/) (I) 0 (I) C - E (I) 0. ..c (/) (I) >, (I) ..c Ol .0 C'CI ..c ..c .... - .... (I) == ~ C'CI >, (/) (/) ,:, (I) (I) (/) ,:, (/) (/) >, ..c u .... C'CI (/) ..c > I ~ I LL u .... cu (/) .... (/) ...... I- C'CI I- <( cu .... (I) (I) z >< cu C'CI C'CI C'CI .!Q- 0 C, -0 0 (/) ::::, _J ..c ..c .... >, ..c ,:, ..c E oi ~ -~ 0 () (/) (/) (I) E ,_ (/) a: ,:, (I) -C'CI E (/) .0 3: E E _.o (I) (/) ,:, :!:: u C'CI cu :!:: ...... C'CI (I) C'CI .... - .... - C'CI C'CI - Ol C'CI -E C 0 C'CI 0 C'CI .... cu -cu -C'CI (I) (I) cu C'CI cu - C'CI C'CI (I) (I) ::::, C'CI - - - - C'CI ·- - # Marsh Location I- (/) () (/) C, (/) CD (/) () (/) (/) (/) CD ~ ~ 3: (/) (/) LL 0 ~ (/) a: (/) Observations ~

Northampton portion of pocket marsh only; % 55 10 20 - 5 5 - 5 - saltbushes more abundant in upstream portion Occohannock 178 7.2 of marsh; saltmarsh cordgrass throughout. I Creek acres 4.0 0.7 1.4 - 0.4 0.4 - 0.4 - Fringing marsh; dominated by saltmarsh cord- % 65 - 15 10 5 - 5 - - - grass with scattered needlerush, cattails and I 179 occohannock 1.2 big cordgrass; saltbushes along upland. Creek acres 0.8 - 0.2 0.1 0.1 - 0.1 - - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe; 5 % 60 - 20 15 - - - - extends along creek shoreline around several 180 Occohannock 2.0 I Creek spits and into Wescott Cove. acres 1.2 - 0.4 0.3 - - 0.1 - -

% 40 5 5 45 5 - - - Small pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh XII 181 Wescott 0.70 cordgrass and black needlerush; cattails at Cove acres 0.28 0.04 0.04 0.32 0.04 - - - head.

% 55 10 30 - 5 - -- - - Pocket marsh; grades from sal tmarsh cordgrass 182 Wescott 4.3 I Cove in lower portion to saltbushes with some cat- acres 2.4 0.4 1.3 - 0.2 - -- - - tails in upstream portion.

% 75 - 5 5 5 - 10 - Pocket marsh; dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass 183 Wescott 1.5 with abundant water hemp; other species along I Cove acres 1.1 - 0.1 0.1 0.1 - 0.2 - upland border.

% 30 10 - 55 5 - - - - Pocket marsh; extends back around area of Wescott trees; predominately needlerush with salt- 184 3.7 III Cove marsh cordgrass along creek channels. acres 1.1 0.4 - 2.0 0.2 - - - -

% 65 5 5 25 ------Broad pocket marsh area; interior section has 185 Occohannock 3.5 open pond; mostly saltmarsh cordgrass with I Creek acres 2.3 0.2 0.2 0.9 ------large stands of needlerush.

58 Section IX. Occohannock Creek (continued)

Cl) .c .._ .c en .._ co en :::, :::, Cl) :::, .._ en Cl) .._ .._ - en :::, cr C Cl) Cl) :::, en (.) ~ (/) en co 0 a. - Cl) ..0 en ~ "O "O CD co.._ en ct: en Cl) Cl) en Cl) co Cl) Cl) 0 en Cl) C - E .._ Cl) en a. .._ .c en Cl) >, Cl) .c 0) ..0 co .c .c - Cl) == "O Cl) >, .:::t:. co.._ >, (.) en en en .c .._ Cl) .._en "O.._ I ~ .._en en .c (.) .._ co co X > I .._ I- u.. ctl I- ct: co .._ Cl) Cl) en z en co - 0 ~ -0 co 0 .._ co co.~ en :::, 0 ....I .c .c >, .c "O .c - E o, ..0 .:::t:. (.) (l) E .._ a: Cl) E en (.) ~ co E en.._ en.._ E Cl) .._en "O en co Cl) .._ - "O.._ ::: co co co ::: 0) ::: - ..0 C co co co Cl) Cl) co co -E -0 CO 0 co .._ -co -co -co co co - co co._ co Cl) Cl) ::::i co # Marsh Location I- (/) (.) (/)~ (/) CD (/) (.) (/) (/) (/) CD ~ ~ ~ (/) (/) u.. -0 ~ (/) a: (/) Observations ~

% 60 5 5 30 -- Occohannock - - - Saltmarsh cordgrass and black needlerush 186 2.0 Creek dominated marsh fringe (5-20 ft. wide); several I acres 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.6 -- - - - pocket marsh areas. Marsh area adjacent to parking lot and boat 25 20 25 30 Morleys % -- - -- ramp; saltmarsh cordgrass and black needlerush 187 Wharf 0.60 grade to area of high marsh; some fill XII acreE 0.15 0.12 0.15 0.18 -- - - - evident.

Fisher % 55 10 5 30 - - - Marsh fringe around cove shoreline; dominated 188 Cove 1.9 - by saltmarsh cordgrass and black needlerush. I acres 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.6 - - -

Fisher % 80 -- - 20 - Pocket marsh area at head of cove; saltmarsh 189 Cove 3.3 cordgrass grades upstream to stands of I acres 2.6 --- 0.7 - cattail.

% Occohannock 75 5 10 5 5 - - - - Pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; 190 Creek 4.0 interior section of pocket is largely cattails I acres 3.0 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 - -- - and hibiscus.

Occohannock % 20 10 20 50 ------191 Creek 3.1 Sptt marsh formed behind berm of saltbush and III acres 0.6 0.3 0.6 1.6 ------cedar; dominated by high marsh species.

% Cove marsh; spits at mouth of creek mostly Occohannock 60 - 2 35 2 - 1 - -- saltmarsh cordgrass; cordgrass fringe along 192 Creek 6.2 along cove; needlerush and cordgrass pocket I at head. acres ~.7 - 0.1 2.2 0.1 - 0.1 - - -

% Small pocket marsh; some cattails in interior Occohannock 60 5 15 20 - - - - - but predominately saltmarsh cordgrass with 193 Creek 0.60 high marsh species along upland edge. I acres K).36 0.03 0.09 0.12 - - - - -

59 Section IX. Occohannock Creek (continued)

.c Q.l.... .c (/) ctl (/) ::::, .... ::::, Q.l ::::, (/) Q.l C .... (/) ::::, O" ...... - ctl Q.l Q.l ::::, (/) (.) 3: (/) (/) Q. - .0 - "O co ctl (/) 0 <{ Q.l (/) (/) 3: "O (/) ctl Q.l (/) Q.l C .... E Q.l Q.l (/) Q. Q.l .c (/) 0 Q.l >, .c Ol .0 -ctl .c .c :..: .... Q.l - Q.l .... (/) (/) Q.l Q.l .::t:. ctl >, "O Q.l Q.l (/) "O (/) (/) >, .c (.) (.) .... ctl ctl (/) .c > I ~ I u. .... I- (/) .... r/) X ...... I- Ct! <{ ctl .... Q.l Q.l z -0 ctl ctl 0 ctl ctl .!Q- 0 C, (/) ::::, 0 ...J .c .c .... >, .c a: "O .c E oi (/) .0 .::t:. "

Broad fringing marsh; berm of saltbushes and % 60 10 15 10 5 ------meadow along creek edge; interior dominated 194 Occohannock 6.7 I Creek by saltmarsh cordgrass. acres 4.0 0.7 1.0 0.7 0.3 ------

Saltmarsh cordgrass fringe around cove shore- % 85 5 10 ------Concord line; includes two cordgrass spits at mouth 0.90 I 195 Wharf with saltbushes at highest elevations on spit. acres 0.76 0.04 0.09 ------Small pocket marsh at head of cove; mostly 10 ' % 85 - 5 ------saltmarsh cordgrass with saltbushes along 196 Concord · 1.8 I Wharf uplands; cattails at head of marsh. acres 1.5 - 0.1 0.2 ------Small spit of saltbushes across mouth then % 90 2 5 - - 3 ------broad area of saltmarsh cordgrass; marsh 197 Mt. Airy 4.5 I Cove fringe around upper portion of cove with acres 4.0 0.1 0.2 - - 0.1 ------small cattail pocket at head,

Small fringe of saltmarsh cordgrass around % 5 90 5 - - - high marsh berm that is vegetated with salt- 198 Johnson 0.80 IV Cove bushes. acres 0.04 0.04 o. 72 - - - Marsh fringe of saltmarsh cordgrass 2-10 ft. % 90 5 5 ------wide along a section of cove shoreline; 199 Johnson 1.1 several marsh spits and several pockets with I Cove acres 1.0 0.1 0.1 ------cattails and needlerush.

% 35 60 5 - - - -- Small pocket marsh Johnson at head of cove; dominated 200 0.40 by needlerush with abundant saltmarsh cord- III Cove acres 0 .14 -- 0.24 0.02 - - - grass.

% 90 5 5 ------Marsh fringe 2-10 ft. wide along section of Johnson 201 0.70 cove shoreline; includes small marsh spit. I Cove acres 0.63 0.04 0.04 ------

60 Section IX. Occohannock Creek (continued)

Q) .c .... .c en ctl en :::, .... :::, Q) :::, .... en Q) C ...... - en :::, O" Q) Q) :::, 3: en en ctl en u Q. - ,::, 0 <( Q) .c en 3: ,::, co ctl en ctl en Q) en Q) C .... en Q) Q) Q. Q) .c Cl) 0 Q) 0) - E Q) en Q) >, Q) .c .c ctl Q) .c .c == .... .:::,t:,- .... ,::, ctl >, Cl) Cl) Q) Q) (/) ,::, en en >- .c .... u .... ctl ctl en .c > .... I ~ I LL u ~ <( Q) en .... X ...... ~ (!) ctl ctl .... Q) z -0 en ctl ctl 0 ctl ctl -~- 0 en :::, .....J .c .c .... >, .c ,::, .c .:::,t:, 0 (.) CD E ._ (/) a: ,::, -ctl E °' E en .c 3: ·cu E en en E _.c Q) Q) en ,::, :::: u ctl ctl ...... Q) .... - .... ctl 0) CCI -E C CCI CCI CCI ._ ctl CCI CCI CCI CCI -0 CCI 0 - CCI -CCI -CCI Q) Q) ~- - -CCI ctl ·- Q) Q) :::, (/') (.) (/') (/') (.)- (/') (/') # Marsh Location ~ (/') (!) co (/') co ~ ~ ~ (/') Cf') LL 0 ~ (/') a: (/') Observations ~

% 85 5 10 -- - - - Johnson Small pocket marsh area; dominated by salt- I 202 Cove 1.3 marsh cordgrass; high marsh species along acres 1.1 0.1 0.1 - - - - - upland. 5 ft. wide saltmarsh cordgrass fringe around % 90 5 5 - - - - small dredged pocket; widens to 50 ft. along 203 Johnson 2.0 I Cove a section of shoreline then narrows again. acres 1.8 0.1 0.1 - - - -

% Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated pocket marsh 90 5 5 ------formed behind berm of saltbushes and meadow 204 Occohannock 2.0 I Creek grasses. acres 1.8 0.1 0.1 ------

% 63 6 11 14 - 4 -- 1 -- - 1 -- - - Total 68.0 Section IX acres 42.6 4.0 7.3 9.7 - 3.0 - - 0.8 0.2 0.2 - 0.6 -- - -

61 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area

Because of the extensive shoreline found along Nassawadox Creek and its tributaries this section is divided into three parts. Part 1 includes that shoreline which extends from Killmon Cove in the north to the lower portion of Nassawadox Creek. Part 2 includes those marsh areas found along the upper two thirds of Nassawadox Creek as well as along its several large tributaries. Part 3 includes marsh found near the mouth of Nassawadox Creek as well as along Church Creek and Westerhouse Creek. For the most part the shoreline in this section which borders along the Chesapeake Bay is devoid of marsh. This is due to the high energy nature of the area which results from the lack of protection from winds of the north and west. Unfortunately, because there is no established marsh present it is the fastlands which must absorb the storm waves. The results of this situation are severe upland erosion and a steadily retreating shoreline. In contrast to the sandy beach areas and eroding cliffs found along the Chesapeake Bay front, the shoreline found within the numerous creeks and covers of Nassawadox Creek has an almost continuous fringe of marsh as well as numerous pocket marsh areas. The marsh fringe is generally dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass (Type I) but in areas may be mixed with significant amounts·of black needlerush (Type III). These areas then grade to narrow zones of high marsh species which border the uplands and are composed largely of saltbushes (Type V) and saltmeadow grasses (Type II). In the numerous pocket marshes described in this section, saltmarsh cord grass with-black needlerush predominates. However, interior sections of many of the marshes contain large areas of high marsh species as well as species such as cattails and marsh hibiscus (Type VI) which can tolerate only reduced salinities.

62 SECTION X. NASSAWADOX CREEK AREA PART 1, KILLMON COVE,NASSAWADOX CREEK

SPARROW

·+·• SCALE 1 : 2.4,000

1000 0 1000 2000 FEET

= 228

DOWNINGS BEACH

SILVER BEACH

CHURCH PT. ELLIOTTS NECK

~~ORSE ISLAND SOUTH I Q 0 [> SHOOTING PT. Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part 1. Killmon Cove, Nassawadox Creek

(1) ..c ...... c (/) C'Cl (/) :::::, .... :::::, (1) :::::, (/) (1) C .... (/) :::::, +-' 0- ...... - C'Cl (1) (1) :::::, (/) u 3: Cl) (/) (/) 0 0.. <( (1) .0 (/) (/) 3: "'O "'O en C'Cl C'Cl +-' (1) (/) (1) C .... (/) (1) (1) (/) (1) ..c Cl) 0 (1) CJ) - E (1) 0.. (1) >, (1) ..c .0 C'Cl (1) ..c ..c == ...... (/) (/) "'O (1) (/) (/) >, ..x:: C'Cl >, +-' (1) "'O (/) ..c u .... C'Cl (/) ..c > I ~ I LL u .... C'Cl (/) .... (/) ...... I- ct! I- <( C'Cl .... (1) (1) z >< C'Cl - 0 C, C'Cl (/) :::::, 0 0 ..c ..c .... C'Cl C'Cl -~ ..c "'O CJ> .::£ 0 ...J E ,._ >, a: ..c - E E (/) .0 C'Cl E (.) (/) (/) (1) E (/) "'O (1) (/) C'Cl 3: +-' +-' +-' _.o (1) +-' .::: "E +-' C'Cl +-' u .::: +-' C'Cl C'Cl ...... +-' .... C'Cl (1) C'Cl .... C'Cl - CJ) C'Cl C'Cl C'Cl -E C C'Cl C'il 0 C'Cl 0 C'Cl .... C'Cl C'Cl C'Cl (1) (1) C'Cl C'Cl C'Cl ·- (1) (1) :::::, # Marsh Location I- (f) () (f) C, (f) en (f) (.) (f) (f) (f) en ~ ~ ~ (f) (f) LL 0 ~ (f) a: (f) Observations ~

% 90 5 5 - - - - Saltmarsh cordgrass marsh fringe 2-30 ft. Killmon Cove wide along shoreline; grades back to meadow, I 205 1.2 saltbush, bulrush; several small pocket and acres 1.1 0.1 0.1 - - - - spit marsh areas.

10 ft. wide marsh fringe around shoreline of % 40 10 10 40 - -- - mostly saltmarsh cordgrass and small cove; XII 206 Killmon Cove 0.50 black needlerush. acres 0.20 0.05 0.05 0.20 - -- -

% 80 5 10 5 -- - - - Killmon Cove 5-10 ft. wide marsh fringe around cove shore- I 207 0.80 line; several small pockets at head of cove. acres 0. 6l! 0.04 0.08 0.04 -- - - -

5 5 % 90 - - - - - Narrow marsh fringe along section of shore- Killmon Cove I 208 0.40 line; includes small pocket area. acres 0.3E 0.02 0.02 - - - - -

% 85 5 5 - 5 - - Saltmarsh cordgrass fringe along shoreline around upper end of cove; several small Killmon Cove I 209 1.2 pocket marsh areas with cattails. acres 1.0 0.1 0.1 - 0.1 - -

Marsh fringe along section of shoreline; % 70 10 15 5 -- - - - includes small spit with high marsh species I 210 Killmon Cove 1.00 and small pocket marsh area. acres 0.70 0.10 0.15 0.05 - - - - -

% 80 10 10 - - - - Pocket marsh with berm of saltbush and meadow grasses partially across front; interior I 211 Chesapeake 6.1 Bay mostly saltmarsh cordgrass. acres 4.9 0.6 0.6 - - - -

berm of % 25 - - 50 25 -- Irregularly flooded pocket marsh; Chesapeake sand along beach in front restricts flooding XI 212 8.4 Bay during average high tides; branch daillllled acres 2.1 - - 4.2 2.1 - - forming non-tidal pond.

64 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part 1. Killmon Cove, Nassawadox Creek (continued)

(1) .c I.. .c (/) eel . (/) I.. (1) ::J (/) ::J ::J I.. (1) C I.. ,._ (/) cr ::J eel (1) (1) ::J (/) () ~ en (/) Q. - (1) .0 (/) "O CD eel (/) 0 <( (/) (1) ~ "O (1) I.. (/) (1) eel (1) (/) C E (1) (/) Q. .c (/) 0 (1) (1) .c Ol .0 -eel .c .c= I.. (1) - I.. (1) (1) Cl) Cl) "O (1) >- (/) .::s:. eel >- () (/) (1) "O (/) (/) >- .c () I.. I.. .c I.. > ,._ I ~ I.. u.. I- eel eel (/) (/) X I.. I I.. - I- eel <( I.. (1) z eel 0 C, eel (1) -0 eel 0 I.. eel eel .!Q (/) ::J ....J .c .c .c "O .c E oi .::s:. "n:j 0 (_) (/) (1) E ,._ >- (/) er: E (/) .0 ~ E en E (1) "O (1) (/) «i () I.. I.. _.o I.. I.. - "OI.. ::: ~ eel eel ::: eel (1) eel eel eel Ol eel eel -E C eel eel -0 eel 0 -eel I.. «i- eel eel (1) (1) eel eel - -eel eel._ - (1) (1) ::J # Marsh Location I- (/) (_) (/) C, (/) CD (/) (_) (/) (/) (/) CD ~ ~ 3: (/) (/) u.. 0 ~ (/) er: (/) Observations ~

% 95 5 - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe 213 Occohannock 0.70 I Neck along western shoreline of small shallow creek. acres 0.66 0.04 --

% 90 5 - - 5 - - Small pocket marsh at head of creek; mostly 214 Occohannock 0.50 saltmarsh cordgrass with several areas of I Neck acres o.45 0.02 - - 0.02 - - cattail.

% 95 5 - - Marsh fringe of saltmarsh cordgrass along 215 Occohannock 0.40 I Neck eastern shoreline of small creek. acres 0.38 0.02 - -

% 95 4 - 1 - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe 216 Occohannock 1.2 I Neck along western shoreline of creek; several acres 1.1 0.1 - - - small pockets of cattail.

% 80 -- 20 - - Pocket marsh at head of creek; dominated by 217 Occohannock 1. 7 I Neck saltmarsh cordgrass but with large areas of acres 1.4 -- 0.3 - - cattail.

% 95 - - 5 - Saltmarsh cordgrass fringe along eastern 218 Occohannock 0.80 shoreline at creek; several pocket areas of I Neck acres 0.76 - - 0.04 - cattail.

% 100 - Isolated islands of saltmarsh cordgrass 219 Nassawadox 8.6 I Creek bordering along creek the channel. a,b ,e acres 8.6 -

% 90 5 5 - - - - Occohannock Marsh fringe extending along shoreline and 220 1.4 I Neck around small cove; includes several small acres 1.3 0.1 0.1 -- - - spit and pocket areas.

65 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part I. Killmon Cove, Nassawadox Creek (continued

Q) .c...... c. en ctS en ::::, .... ::::, Q) ::::, en Q) .... O'" C ...... en ::::, ctS Q) Q) ::::, en ~ en en u - Q) .c 0. en ~ ,:, ,:, co ctS en 0 <( en Q) en Q) C .... en Q) ctS Q) Q) .c. Cl) 0 Q) .c -ctS E Q) en 0. Q) >, Q) .c. O> Q) .c. .c. :.: .... -~ >, .... ,:, Q) ctS u en en .c. Q) en "O I ~ en en >- .c. LL u ...... ctS ctS en .... X > ...... I .... I- ctS I- <( ctS .... Q) Q) en z -0 en ctS ctS 0 ctS ....-ctS -~ 0 C, ::::, ....J .c. .c. .... >, .c. "O .c. E oi en ~ -~ 0 () Q) E .._ a: Q) ~ E en .c ~ E en en E _.c Q) en "O en - "O :!: ctS u ctS ctS ...... ctS Q) ctS .... - .... ctS O> ctS ctS ctS -E C ctS ctS -0 ctS 0 ctS .... ~- -ctS -ctS Q) Q) ~- - -ctS ctS ·- - Q) Q) ::::, (/) (/) - (/) (/) (/) (/) # Marsh Location I- () (/) C, co (/) () in ~ ~ ~ (/) LL 0 ~ (/) a: (/) Observations ~

% 95 - 5 ------Nassawadox Marsh fringe around shoreline of small I 221 1.00 embayment; several small marsh spits and Creek pocket areas. acres 0.95 - 0.05 ------

% 75 5 10 10 - - - - - Pocket marsh; cattails along interior 222 Nassawadox 1.3 section; remainder predominately saltmarsh I Creek cordgrass. acres 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 - - - - -

% 75 5 20 - - - - Narrow saltmarsh cordgrass fringe and marsh Nassawadox - I 223 1.2 spit around shoreline of small cove; several Creek acres 0.9 0.1 - 0.2 - - - - pocket marsh areas, with cattail.

% 95 5 - - - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe Nassawadox I 224 0.60 along shoreline; includes several small Creek pocket marsh areas. acres 0.57 0.03 - - - -

% 65 10 ------I 225 Occohannock 2.0 Pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; Neck acres 1.3 - - 0.2 - - - - several stands of needlerush and cattail.

% 15 5 Pocket marsh at head of creek branch; mostly 80 - - - - - I 226 Occohannock 2.0 saltmarsh cordgrass with small stands of Neck needlerush and cattails. acres 1.6 - - 0.3 0.1 - - -

% 95 3 - 2 - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe Occohannock - I 227 0.80 3-5 ft. wide; continues around shoreline of Neck acres 0.76 o.oz - 0.02 - all branches of this creek system; inter- - mittent in places.

% 80 10 10 - Pocket marsh at head of creek branch; small Occohannock -- I 228 1. 7 areas of cattail and needlerush but Neck acres 1.4 -- 0.2 0.2 - dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass.

66 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part I. Killmon Cove, Nassawadox Creek (continued)

Q.) .c '- .c (/) cu (/) '- Q.) ::::, (/) ::::, ::::, '- Q.) C '- '- - (/) ::::, er cu Q.) Q.) ::::, (/) u s: r./') (/) Q. - Q.) ..0 (/) "O en cu (/) 0 , .c 0) ..0 cu .c '- Q.) - Q.) Q.) .c ..:.:s::. >, '- (/) (/) "O Q.) (/) (/) =>, cu (/) Q.) "O (/) .c '- u .c > '- I ~ I LL u I- '- cu cu (/) '- (/) X '- '- '- I- (9 cu , .c "O ..c ..:.:s::. 0 (/) Q.) E ,._ (/) a: Q.) r./') - E .g' E (/) ..0 s: cu E u (/) E _...o Q.) "O cu .:!::'. '- .:!::'. u cu cu '- '- '- cu Q.) cu .... cu - 0) cu -E C cu -0 CU 0 -cu '- cu cu -cu -cu Q.) Q.) -cu cu cu - -cu cu._ - cu Q.) Q.) ::::, # Marsh Location I- (1)0 (/) (9 Cl) en Cl) u Cl) Cl) Cl) en ~ ~ ~ Cl) Cl) LL 0 ~ Cl) a: Cl) Observations ~

% 90 - - 5 5 - Saltmarsh cordgrass fringe around shoreline Occohannock I 229 0.70 of creek branch; several pocket areas with Neck acres 0.63 -- 0.4 0.4 - cattail.

% - - Occohannock 85 5 5 5 - - - 230 1.1 Combined spit and pocket marsh along shore- I Neck line near mouth of creek. acres 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 - - - - -

% 95 - 5 - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe; Nassawadox I 231 0.40 continues around shoreline of small tidal Creek acres 0.38 - o.o: - - pond.

% 95 - 5 - - - - Marsh fringe along section of shoreline near Occohannock 232 0.30 mouth of creek; saltmarsh cordgrass dominates I Neck with scattered saltbushes. acres 0.28 - o.o: - - - -

% 85 5 10 - - - 233 Occohannock a.so Small pocket marsh and marsh fringe along I Neck both sides of creek shoreline. acres 0.42 0.02 0.(6 - - -

% 70 3 - 20 5 - - 2 - Pocket marsh at head of creek; stands of 234 Occohannock 4.1 needlerush with cattails and hibiscus at I Neck upper part but mostly saltmarsh cordgrass. acres 2.9 0.1 - 0.8 0.2 - - 0.1 -

% 45 30 15 10 -- - - 235 Occohannock 0.30 Spit with high marsh species surrounded by XII Neck acres fringe of saltmarsh cordgrass. 0.1~ 0.09 O.Oi 0. o: - - - -

% 71 7 3 4 - 12 ------Total Section X 52.9 Part I acres 37.i 3.9 1.6 2.3 - 6.4 - - - - - 0.1 - - -

67 WARDTOWN

@------

248

OCCOHANNOCK NECK 8

262 WELLINGTON NECK

FRANKTOWN

~ ELLIOTTS NECK

·+·• SCALE 1 : 2-4,000

1000 0 1000 2000 FEET

SECTION X. NASSAWADOX~/ CREEK AREA ~~~if" j'-._/~~ / - PART 2. NASSAWADOX CREEK,HOLL Y GROVE COVE,WAREHOUSE CREEK Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part 2. Nassawadox Creek, Holly Grove Cove, Warehouse Creek

.c Q.)... .c (/) Ctl (/) ... Q.) :J (/) :J :J ... Q.) C ...... - (/) :J er Ctl Q.) CL> :J (/) u 3:: -(/) (/) (/) 0 a. <( Q.) ..0 (/) (/) 3:: i:,- i:, CD Ctl Q.) (/) Q.) (/) Q.) Ctl Q.) (/) Q.) 0 Q.) C ... - E Q. .c (/) Q.) >, .c Ol ..0 Ctl .c .c :.: ... Q.) - Q.) Q.) .::s:. Ctl >, ... (/) (/) -0 CL> Q.) (/) i:, (/) (/) >, .c u ... Ctl Ctl (/) .c > I ~ I LL u ... I- (/) ... (/) X ...... I- <:) ctl <( Ctl ... Q.) Q.) z Ctl Ctl Ctl ...Ctl -~- 0 -0 0 (/) :J _J .c .c ... >, .c i:, .c E oi .::s:. 0 (.) (/) (/) Q.) E .._ (/) cc i:, Q.) (/) -Ctl _.l:l E (/) ..0 3:: Ctl E E _..o Q.) - Ctl u ..... Ctl Ctl ~ ...... Ctl Q.) Ctl ...... - .._ Ctl - Ol Ctl Ctl Ctl - -E C Ctl Ctl -0 Ctl 0 -Ctl -Ctl -Ctl -Ctl (]) (1) Ctl - -Ctl Ctl ·- - (]) (]) :J # Marsh Location I- (/) (.) (/) <:) (/) CD (/) (.) (/) (/) (/) CD ~ ~ ~ (/) Cl) LL 0 ~ (/) a: (/) Observations ~

% 85 10 - - 5 - - - Marsh fringe along creek shoreline around I 236 Nassawadox 1.8 Creek several spits and into cove; includes acres 1.5 0.1 0.2 - - - - - several pocket areas. - % Pocket marsh at head of small creek; abundant 55 - - 40 5 - - - I 237 Occohannock 5.8 stands of needlerush with some cattail; Neck dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass. acres 3.2 - - 2.3 0.3 - - -

% 70 15 10 5 - - - - Narrow fringe along shoreline of creek; widen~ Nassawadox I 238 4.5 near mouth to broad fringing marsh with zones Creek acres 3.2 0.7 0.4 0.2 - - - - of high marsh species; includes adjacent pocket marsh area.

% 85 - 5 10 - - Marsh fringe of saltmarsh cordgrass and I 239 Nassawadox 0.70 needlerush; some meadow and saltbushes at Creek acres highest elevations. 0.60 - O.OLi 0.07 - -

% 25 5 40 30 ------Pocket marsh saltmarsh cordgrass along XII 240 Nassawadox 0.70 creek; grades back to high marsh area Creek acres 0.18 0.04 o. 21 0.21 ------around pond.

% - 70 5 5 20 - - I Nassawadox : 241 0.90 Marsh fringe along shoreline and around spit Creek into lower section of small cove. acres 0.63 0.04 o. a. 0.18 - - -

% 35 5 5 so - 5 ------Fringe and pocket marsh located in small III 242 Kelley 9.2 cove; saltbushes and cattails found in Cove upstream portion of marsh. acres 3.2 0.5 0.5 4.6 -1 0.5 ------I

% 55 - - 40 5 - - - of 10 ft; III 243 Nassawadox 1.1 Marsh fringe with average width Creek includes several marsh spits. acres 0.4 0 .1 - 0.6 - - - -

71 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part 2. Nassawadox Creek, Holly Grove Cove, Warehouse Creek (continued)

Q.) .c...... c. en co en :::, ..... :::, Q.) :::, ..... en Q.) C ...... - (/) :::, O" Q.) Q.) :::, en 3: (/) (/) co u - Q.) ..0 (/) 0 a. <( (/) 3: "O "O CD co en Q.) en Q.) ..... (/) Q.) co Q.) Q.) .c. (/) 0 Q.) C ..0 - E Q.) en a...... Q.) >. Q.) .c. O'l co Q.) .c. .c. ::= ...... ::£- (/) (/) "O Q.) Q.) (/) (/) (/) >. .c. co >. u ..... co (/) .c > ..... "O I ~ u. u ..... co ..... (/) X ..... I ...... I- I- <( co ..... Q.) Q.) en z co co co.~- 0 CJ ru -0 co (/) :::, .....J 0 .c. .c...... c. "O .c E OJ .::£ 0 (.) (/) Q.) E .._ >. a: -co E en ..0 3: ·ca E en E _..o Q.) en "O Q.) rn z::"E =:: u =:: co co ...... Q.) ..... co co O'l co - -E C co co -0 CO 0 co ..... rn- co -co Q.) Q.) -co co co - -co co._ - co Q.) Q.) :::, co # Marsh Location I- (/) (.) (/) C, (/) CD (/) (.) (/) (/) (/) CD ~ ~ ~ (/) (/) u. 0 ~ (/) a: (/) Observations ~

% 70 - - 25 5 - -- Pocket marsh dominated by needlerush and Nassawadox 2.7 patches of cattail I 244 Creek saltmarsh cordgrass; and scattered hibiscus. acres 1.9 - - 0.7 0.1 - --

% 10 - - 90 - - - 245 Nassawadox 0.80 Fringe marsh dominated by needlerush; III Creek scattered patches of saltmarsh cordgrass. acres 0.08 -- o. 72 - - -

% 40 - 3 50 5 - 2 - 246 Nassawadox 1.00 III Creek Fringe marsh dominated by needlerush and acres 0.40 - o.o_ 0.50 0.05 - 0.02 - saltmarsh cordgrass; scattered big cordgrass.

% 10 5 5 80 - - - - - Creek marsh section; largely needlerush 247 Nassawadox 2.8 with some saltmarsh cordgrass at lower III Creek elevations such as along channel edges. acres 0.3 0.1 0.1 2.2 - - - - -

% 20 10 60 10 ------Lower section of large creek marsh; dominated Nassawadox IV 248 13.0 by saltbushes; understory of saltmeadow; Creek acres saltmarsh cordgrass along creek channels. 2.6 1.3 7.8 1.3 ------

% - 10 20 5 5 55 3 2 - Upper section of creek marsh; predominately 249 Nassawadox 19.7 big cordgrass with abundant saltbush; cattailE, V Creek acres hibiscus and mallow along upland; abundant - 2.0 3.9 1.0 1.0 10.8 0.6 0.4 - muskrat lodges.

% 35 10 20 30 - - 5 - Marsh fringe along creek shoreline; includes 250 Nassawadox 4.6 several spits extending well into creek. XII Creek acres 1.6 0.5 0.9 1.4 - - 0.2 -

% 45 2 4 30 15 - 2 2 - Marsh fringe along shoreline; mostly black Nassawadox XII 251 2.2 needlerush and saltmarsh cordgrass; several Creek acres 1.0 - 0.1 o. 7 0.3 - - - - pocket areas with cattails.

72 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part 2. Nassawadox Creek, Holly Grove Cove, Warehouse Creek (continued)

Q) .c ... .c (J) , Q) .c 0) , ... (/J (/J -0 Q) Q) Cf) -0 Cf) Cf) >, .c u ... I ~ I ll.. u ... ~ Q) Cf) ... X ...... ~ C, cu <( , .c -0 .c E o, ::t:. -~ 0 (.) Cf) Cf) Q) E ._ Cf) a: Q) Cf) -

% 50 5 5 40 - - -- - Marsh fringe along section of shoreline; 252 Nassawadox 1.6 I Creek dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass and black acres 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.6 - - - - - needlerush.

% 70 5 5 20 - - - saltmarsh cordgrass and needle- Cove marsh; I 253 Nassawadox 0.80 rush fringe along water; saltbushes and Creek acres 0.56 0.04 0.04 0.16 - -- meadow at higher elevations.

% 40 5 - 55 - Marsh fringe around shoreline of cove; 254 Nassawadox 1.5 III Creek average width 10-20 ft; includes several acres 0.6 0.1 - 0.8 - pocket marsh areas.

% 50 10 - 40 - - Spit marsh at mouth of cove; saltmarsh cord- Nassawadox I 255 1.4 grass and black needlerush grade to salt- Creek acres 0.7 0.1 - 0.6 - - meadow, then upland.

saltmarsh a- % 20 20 60 Pocket marsh at head of cove; - - - - long creek channels grades to needlerush and 256 Nassawadox 5.5 III Creek meadow grasses; scattered cattails along up- acres 1.1 1.1 - 3.3 - - - lands and at head of pocket.

% 55 20 10 15 ------Spit marsh dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; 257 Holly Grove 1.6 some cedar and pine growing along berm with I Cove acres 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.2 ------high marsh species.

% 75 - 15 10 - - Saltmarsh cordgrass fringe along shoreline 258 Holly Grove 1.5 I Cove with small pocket marsh areas. acres 1.1 - 0.2 0.2 - -

% 15 - 5 80 - - - Broad fringing marsh section at head of cove; 259 Holly Grove 4.7 mostly black needlerush. III Cove acres 0.7 - 0.2 3.8 - - -

73 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part 2. Nassawadox Creek, Holly Cove, Warehouse Creek (continued)

0) .c .... .c en co en :::J .... :::J 0) :::J .... en 0) C: ...... en :::J +- O" co 0) 0) :::J en u ~ (/) en 0 a. <( 0) ..0 en ~ "'O "'O Ill co en +- en 0) en 0) C: .... E (/) 0) co 0) (/) 0) .c Cl) 0 0) >, .0 - 0) a. .... 0) 0) .c Ol co 0) .c .c :..: .... ~ co >, (/) (/) "'O 0) 0) en "'O en en >. .c u .... co en .c +- > .... I ~ I .... +- u. u .... I- <( co 0) .... X ...... I- n1 co .... 0) en z 0 en co co 0 co co -~ 0 CJ en :::J 0 _J .c .c .... >, .c "'O .c E oi ~ (_) (/) 0) E ,_ a: "'O 0) -co +- "'O E en .0 ~ co E en E ...... 0 0) en en ...... u +- .....+- co co +- ...... +- .... Cll 0) Cll .... - .... co == co Ol Cll Cll Cll - -E C: co co 0 CO 0 co .... co co co 0) 0) Cll co Cll ·- 0) 0) :::J # Marsh Location I- if) (_) if) CJ if) Ill if) (_) if) if) if) Ill ~ ~ ~ if) if) u. 0 ~ if) a: if) Observations ~

% Upper marsh section at head of cove; 10 10 70 5 5 - - - - dominated by saltbushes with understory Holly Grove IV 260 15.0 of meadow; saltmarsh cordgrass along Cove acres 1.5 1.5 10.5 0.8 0.8 - - - - channels.

Fringing marsh section at head of cove; % 20 80 - - - - dominated by large stands of black needle- Holly Grove - - III 261 6.3 rush with patches of saltmarsh cordgrass. Cove acres 1.3 - - 5.0 - - - -

% 95 5 ------Pocket marsh; almost entirely of saltmarsh 262 Holly Grove 1.6 I Cove cordgrass with some saltmeadow, especially acres 1.5 0.1 ------along upland edge.

% 65 2 3 30 - - - I 263 Holly Grove 3.6 Marsh fringe 5-30 ft. wide; dominated by Cove acres 2.3 0.1 0.1 1.1 -- - saltmarsh cordgrass and black needlerush.

% 65 - 5 30 - - - dominated by saltmarsh cord- Holly Grove Pocket marsh; I 264 0.80 grass and black needlerush; saltbushes Cove acres along upland. 0.52 - 0.04 0.24 - - - . '

% 20 5 25 50 - - Spit marsh at mouth of cove; ridge with - III 265 Holly Grove 0.80 saltbushes; saltmarsh cordgrass at lowest Cove elevations. acres 0.16 0.04 0.20 0.40 - - -

% 25 5 10 35 - 10 10 - interior Three adjoining pocket marshes; XII 266 Nassawadox 3.5 sections mostly cattail and hibiscus; Creek acres 0.9 0.2 0.4 1.2 - 0.4 0.4 - saltmarsh cordgrass along creek.

% 85 5 10 - - - I 267 Nassawadox 0.30 Creek Intermittent saltmarsh cordgrass fringe along scattered patches of black needle- acres 0.26 0.02 0.03 - - shoreline; - rush.

74 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part 2. Nassawadox Creek, Holly Grove Cove, Warehouse Creek (continued)

Q.) .c. L.. .c. (/) ctl (/) L.. Q.) :, (/) :, :, L.. Q.) C L.. L.. (/) :, O' Q.) :, Cl) (/) ctl Q.) (/) u 3: - .D (/) "O co ctl (/) 0 a. <( Q.) Cl) Q.) 3: "O Q.) L.. ctl Q.) en C en Q.) Q.) 0 Q.) .D - E L.. Q.) en a. L.. .c. en Q.) >, .c. 0) ctl .c. .c. :.: - "O Q.) Q.) Q.) .::it:. ctl >, u en en .c. Q.) en "O en en >. .c. L.. L.. ctl ctl en L.. > L.. L.. I ~ I L.. u. u I- <( Q.) en X L.. - I- cu ctl L.. Q.) z -0 en ctl ctl ctl ctl -~ 0 C, :, 0 L.. E o, en 0 ...J .c. .c. >, .c. "O .c. E en .D .::it:. 3: ·n; E u (/) en Cl) E E "- en a: "O Q.) en ca L.. L.. _.o Cl) L.. L.. - "OL.. :! ctl u :! ctl ctl :! ctl Q.) ctl ctl 0) ctl ctl ctl -E C ctl ctl -0 ctl 0 ctl L.. -ctl ctl -ctl Q.) Cl) ctl - -ctl ctl ·- - Q.) Q.) :, # Marsh Location I- (/') u (/') C, (/') co (/') u (/') (/') (/') co ~ ~ ~ (/') (/') u. 0 ~ (/') a: (/') Observations ~

% 40 40 20 - - - Fringe marsh at mouth of creek; forms small Warehouse 268 1.6 saltmarsh cordgrass grades to XII Creek pocket area; high marsh areas. acres 0.6 0.6 0.3 - - -

% Warehouse 60 5 5 30 - - 269 0.60 salt- I Creek Intermittent marsh fringe dominated by marsh cordgrass and black needlerush. acres o. 3f 0.03 0.03 0.18 - -

% 20 5 5 70 - - - Broad section of marsh fringe; dominated by 270 Warehouse 2.4 III Creek black needlerush with saltmarsh cordgrass acres 0.5 0.1 0.1 1. 7 - - - at lower elevations.

% 70 - 5 20 5 - Small pocket marsh; berm with black needle- 271 Warehouse 1.3 I Creek rush and salt bushes across front; interior acres 0.9 - 0.1 0.3 0.1 - mostly saltmarsh cordgrass.

% 40 5 15 40 - - Marsh fringe along length of shoreline; 272 Warehouse 1.8 XII Creek dominated by both saltmarsh cordgrass and acres 0.7 0.1 0.3 0.7 - - black needlerush. Pocket marsh formed by left branch of creek; % 20 10 35 35 -- - saltmarsh cordgrass along lower section 273 Warehouse 10 .o XII Creek grades back to needlerush and saltbushes. acres 2.0 1.0 3.5 3.5 -- -

% 20 10 40 20 10 - -- Large pocket marsh at head of left or main 274 Warehouse 17.4 XII Creek branch of creek, upper section of marsh acres 3.5 1. 7 7.0 3.5 1. 7 - -- mostly needlerush and saltbushes.

% 30 5 10 40 15 - -- Marsh fringe along section of shoreline; 275 Warehouse 2.0 XII Creek mostly needlerush and saltmarsh cordgrass acres 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.3 - -- with scattered patches of cattail.

75 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part 2. Nassawadox Creek, Holly Grove Cove, Warehouse Creek (continued)

Q.) .c .c .... en ctl en :::, .... :::, Q.) :::, .... en Q.) C ...... - en :::, O" (D Q.) :::, en u ~ (/') en ctl - (D .0 Cl) 0 a. <( en ~ -"O "O ctl en en (I) (D en Q.) .... en (D ctl (D 0 (D C - E (D en a. .c en (D >, (D .c 0) .0 ctl (D .c .c :..: .... - .... .::s:. ctl >, en cn "O Q.) (D (/) "O (/) en >. .c u .... ctl ctl en .c > I ~ I LL u .... I- <( (D en .... (/) X ...... I- ctl ctl .... (D z -0 ctl ctl 0 ctl ....-ctl .!Q 0 C, :::, en .....J .c .c .... >, .c "O .c E oi .::s:. -~ 0 () (/) (/) Q.) E ,_ a: -ctl ..... "O E en .0 ~ E E (D en "O (D (/) u :::: ctl ctl ...... (D .... - .... ctl 0) ctl -E C ctl ctl 0 ctl 0 ctl .... ctl ctl ctl -ctl (D (D ctl ctl ctl - ctl -'° ctl (D Q.) :::, ctl ------ctl ·- # Marsh Location I- (/) () (/) C, (/) Cl) (/) () (/) (/) (/) Cl) ~ ~ ~ (/) (I) LL 0 :a (/) a: (/) Observations ~

% 15 5 20 60 - - Warehouse - - Spit marsh; mostly black needlerush with 276 0.50 III Creek saltmarsh cordgrass at lowest elevations and saltbushes along upland. acres 0.08 0.02 0.10 0.30 - - -- Pocket marsh in two sections separated by % 50 10 30 10 - - - - - open-water pond; upper section dominated by 277 Warehouse 4.7 I Creek saltbushes; lower section mostly saltmarsh cordgrass. acres 2.4 0.5 1.4 0.5 - - - - -

% Small cove with marsh spits at mouth, fringe 80 2 5 10 - - 3 -- - along sides and pocket at head; spit of 278 Warehouse 1.3 I Creek saltbushes has been cut by dredged acres 1.0 - 0. 1 0.1 ------channel.

% 75 5 5 15 - - - - 279 Warehouse 1.5 Small pocket marsh; dominated by saltmarsh I Creek acres 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 - - - - cordgrass but with scattered areas of needlerush. % 60 30 5 5 - - -- - Marsh fringe; saltmarsh cordgrass along creek 280 Warehouse 1.2 I Creek grades back to high marsh zone of meadow acres 0.7 0.4 0 .1 0.1 - - - - - and saltbushes.

% 10 5 15 30 - - - Fringing marsh that extends back into Warehouse 40 281 2.2 small pocket; interior section dominated XII Creek acres by cattail. 0.9 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.7 - - -

% 20 25 35 20 - - - Pocket marsh extends back to open water 282 Warehouse 4 .1 XII Creek pond; saltmarsh cordgrass grades to high acres 1.4 0.8 0.8 1.0 - - - marsh areas.

% 75 10 10 5 - Pocket marsh with berm of high marsh across W:;irehouse - - 283 2,2 front; open pond area fringed by saltmarsh I Creek some cattail at head. acres 1.6 0.2 0.2 0 .1 - - - cordgrass;

76 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part 2. Nassawadox Creek, Holly Grove Cove, Warehouse Creek (continued)

Q) .c .... .c (/) ro (/) :::, .... :::, Q) :::, .... (/) Q) C ...... (/) :::, cr - (/) (/) co Q) Q) :::, (/) u ~ - Q) ..0 (/) "'O en co (/) 0 a. <( Cl) Q) ~ (/) "'O Q) (/) Q) co Q) C .... - E Q) (/) a. .c (/) 0 Q) Q) >, .c Ol ..0 co .c .c .... Q) - Q) Q) == .::s:. >, .... (/) (/) "'O Q) (/) (/) (/) >, .c co u .... co (/) .c Q) > .... "'O I ~ I ...... u. u .... I- co Q) (/) .... (/) X .... I- C, ct! <( co .... Q) z -0 co co 0 co CO.~ 0 (/) :::, _J .c .c .... >, .c "'O .c E oi .::s:. 0 () (/) Q) E .._ (/) a: Q) (/) - E (/) ..0 ~ ·cu E (/) E Q) "'O co .:::: "E .:::: u co co ...... - ..0 .... Q) co .... co Ol co -E C co co -0 CO 0 -co .... co co -co -co Q) Q) -co co co - -co co._ - co Q) Q) :::, # Marsh Location I- (f) () (f) C, (f) en (f) () (f) (f) (f) en ~ ~ ~ (f) (f) u. 0 ~ (f) a: (f) Observations ~

% 65 15 15 3 2 Bayford - - - - Marsh fringe along shoreline and around small 284 2.2 cove area; scattered patches of saltmarsh I cordgrass extending out from shore. acres 1.4 0.3 0.3 0.1 - - - - -

% 90 3 2 5 - - - Pocket marsh area connected to creek by 285 Bayford 1.4 culvert under road; good tidal flushing I permitted. acres 1.3 - - 0.1 - - -

% 31 8 23 26 - 4 - - 1 6 1 -- -- Total Section X 180.4 Part 2 acres 56.7 15.2 40.6 ~6.5 - 7.4 - - 1.4 11.0 1.0 0.4 - --

77 ) . SEC)"ION X. Nt~SA W t\DOX C~E~K ~REA \ 0 PART 3. CHURCH CREEK,WESTERHOUSE CREEK qi l ~ ~

O rD LoN:PT. ~

~307 e

CHURCH NECK

79 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part 3. Church Creek, Westerhouse Creek

Q) .c I.. .c (/) Cl:! (/) I.. Q) :::J (/) :::J :::J I.. Q) C (/) O" I...... - :::J Cl:! Q) Q) :::J (/) u 3: (/) (/) C. - Q) .n (/) "O llJ Cl:! (/) 0 <( (/) Q) 3: (/) "O Q) I.. (/) Q) Cl:! Q) C - E Q) (/) C. .c (/) 0 Q) Q) >, .c 0) .n Cl:! .c I.. Q) - I.. Q) Q) .c ::t:. >, (/) (/) "O Q) (/) (/) (/) =>, Cl:! (/) .c Q) "O .c I.. u I.. Cl:! I.. > I.. I.. I ~ I I.. LL u f- Cl:! (/) (/) X I.. - f- Cl:! <( Cl:! I.. Q) z Cl:! 0 ('.) Q) -0 Cl:! 0 I.. Cl:! Cl:!.~ (/) :::J 0 _J .c .c E .._ >, .c er: "O .c E .g' E (/) .n ::t:. Cl:! E (.) (/) (/) Q) E (/) "O Q) (/) Cl:! 3: I.. _.n Q) I.. I.. ~ I.. ~ u Cl:! Cl:! I.. Cl:! Q) Cl:! Cl:! 0) Cl:! Cl:! -E C Cl:! -0 Cl:! 0 -Cl:! I.. Cl:! Cl:! -Cl:! -Cl:! Q) Q) -Cl:! Cl:! - -Cl:! Cl:!._ - Cl:! Q) Q) :::J # Marsh Location f- (f) (.) (f) ('.) (f) llJ (f) (.) (f) (f) (f) llJ ~ ~ ~ (f) (f) LL 0 ~ (f) er: (f) Observations ~

% 70 5 5 10 5 - 5 - Marsh fringe along creek shoreline and around Church I 286 Creek 1.8 small cove; includes several saltmarsh acres 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 - 0 .1 - cordgrass spits.

% 60 10 15 15 - - - - Marsh fringe along length of shoreline; I 287 Church 3.1 includes several small marsh spits and Creek pocket areas. acres 1. 9 0.3 0.5 0.5 - - - -

% 95 3 2 Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated fringe around - - - I 288 Church 0.40 shoreline of small island; average width Creek 10-20 ft. acres 0.38 0.01 0.01 - - -

% 60 - - 40 -- - - Marsh fringe along upper edge of cove where I 289 Church 0.80 crossed by dirt road; road fill dams upper Creek section of creek. acres 0.48 -- 0.32 - - - -

% 75 - 5 20 -- - - - Pocket marsh at head of small creek branch; I 290 Church 3.1 Creek mostly saltmarsh cordgrass with large acres patches of needlerush. 2.3 - 0.2 0.6 -- - - -

% 70 10 10 10 - - Marsh fringe along section of creek shore- I 291 Church 0.80 line; saltmarsh cordgrass grades back to Creek high marsh species. acres 0.6 0 .1 0.1 0.1 - -

% 70 10 5 15 - - - Broad fringe of marsh in tidal cove; spit Church I 292 4.4 of saltmarsh cordgrass at mouth of cove. Creek acres 3.1 0.4 0.2 0.7 - - -

% 85 - 5 10 - - Marsh fringe along section of creek shore- I 293 Church 0.70 Creek line; includes several spit and pocket areas. acres 0.60 - 0.04 0.07 - -

81 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part 3. Church Creek, Westerhouse Creek (continued)

Q.) .c .... .c (/) ctl (/) ::::, .... ::::, Q.) ::::, (/) Q.) .... O' C ...... - (/) ::::, ..... ctl Q.) Q.) ::::, (/) u ~ (/) (/) a. <( Q.) .0 (/) ~ - "O CD ctl (/) 0 ..... (/) Q.) (/) "O Q.) .... (/) Q.) ctl Q.) (/) Q.) .c (/) 0 Q.) C .0 - E Q.) a. .... Q.) >, Q.) .c Ol ctl Q.) .c .c == .... .':£ ctl >, (/) (/) "O Q.) Q.) (/) (/) (/) >, .c u (/) .c ..... > "O I ~ LL u ...... ctl ctl (/) .... X ...... I ...... I- ctl I- <( ctl .... Q.) Q.) z 0 (/) ctl ctl 0 ctl rn.!Q 0 c., (/) ::::, ....J .c .c .... >, .c "O .c E oi .':£ -~ 0 (.) (/) (/) Q.) E .... (/) er: Q.) -ctl E (/) .0 ~ ..... E E ...... 0 Q.) "O (/) ..... :::: "E ..... ctl ..... u ...... ctl ctl :::: ...... ctl Q.) ctl .... ctl Ol ctl ctl ctl -E C ctl ctl 0 ctl 0 ctl .... ctl ctl ctl Q.) Q.) ctl ctl ctl ·- - Q.) Q.) ::::i # Marsh Location I- en u en c., en CD en (.) en en en CD ~ ~ ~ en en LL 0 ~ en er: en Observations ~

% 40 5 25 25 5 - - - Pocket marsh; saltmarsh cordgrass at lower XII Church 1.2 294 Creek elevations; grades back to areas of high marsh. acres 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 - - - Pocket marsh; dominated by saltbushes and % 30 5 35 25 5 - -- - needlerush; saltmarsh cordgrass at lower Church - X!I 295 2.5 elevations with pockets of cattail along Creek uplands. acres 0.8 0.1 0.9 0.6 0.1 - --- -

% 75 2 3 15 5 - -- - Lower section of large pocket marsh; partiall) I Church 296 6.7 separated from upper section by dike; include; Creek acres 5.0 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.3 - -- - fringe along both sides of creek.

% 10 25 5 35 25 ------Upper section of large pocket marsh; XII 297 Church 25.5 partially separated from lower section by Creek dike; abundant stands of cattail. acres 6.4 1.3 8.9 2.6 6.4 ------

% 40 5 5 50 - - - Church by needlerush III 298 0.90 Small pocket marsh; dominated Creek and saltmarsh cordgrass. acres 0.36 0.04 0.04 0.45 - --

% Marsh fringe including small spit; mostly 50 5 - 40 2 - 3 I 299 Church 1.6 patches of saltmarsh cordgrass or black Creek needlerush. acres 0.8 0.1 - 0.6 - --

% 80 3 2 15 ------Small cove with fringe of saltmarsh cord- I 300 Church 2.6 grass and needlerush along shoreline; Creek pocket marsh at head. acres 2.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 ------

% 45 5 15 30 - 5 - - - Marsh fringe along section of shoreline incluies several marsh spits; mixed areas 301 Church 1.4 XII Creek of saltmarsh cordgrass and black needlerush. acres 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.4 - 0.1 - --

82 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part 3. Church Creek, Westerhouse Creek (continued)

Q) ..c L. .c. en co en :::, L. :::, Q) :::, L. en Q) C: L. L. - en :::, cr Q) Q) :::, en u :: en en co 0 C. <(- Q) ..0 en :: "O "O CD co en en Q) Q) en Q) C: L. en Q) co Q) Cl) 0 Q) ..0 - E L. Q) en C. L. ..c Q) >, ..c Ol co ..c ..c =-= - "O Q) Q) Q) .::t:. co >, u en en .c. Q) en "O en en >- ..c L. L. co en L. > L. L. I ~ I L. u. u <( co Q) en X L. - t- cu t- co L. Q) z -0 en co co 0 co co.~ 0 C, en :::, _J ..c ..c L. >, .c. "O ..c .::t:. ·cu 0 () Q) E L. a: E en ..0 :: E en en E _..o Q) en "O Q) en ::::. L. co ::::. u co co L. L. L. co Q) co L. - L. co - Ol co -E C: -0 CO 0 -co co -co -co Q) Q) -co co co - -co co._ co Q) Q) :::, co (J)() (J) (J) ()- (J) (J) # Marsh Location t- C, CD (J) (J) CD ~ ~ ~ (J) (J) u. 0 ~ (J) a: (J) Observations ~

% 75 5 10 5 5 ------302 Church 3.5 Fringing marsh; in one section extends back I Creek around small pond to form pocket marsh. acres 2.6 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 ------

% 85 5 5 5 - -- - - Small cove with a saltmarsh cordgrass 303 Church 1.8 fringe along shoreline; small pocket marsh I Creek at head of cove. acres 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 - -- - -

% 65 5 10 20 - - -- - Spit marsh; dominated by needlerush and 304 Church 0.70 saltllUlrsh cordgrass; meadow and saltbushes I Creek at highest elevations. acres 0.46 0.04 0.07 P.14 - - -- -

% 90 4 5 5 1 -- ... -- 305 Church 1.9 Marsh fringe along shoreline; includes small I Creek spit and pocket marsh areas. acres 1. 7 0.1 0.1 0.1 ------

% 80 - - 15 3 l 1 - Pocket marsh at head of creek; includes two 306 Church 5.5 branches; mostly saltmarsh cordgrass with I Creek patches of black needlerush. acres 4.4 -- 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.1 -

% 75 - - 20 5 - - -- Pocket marsh with two branches; dominated by Church I 307 3.3 saltmarsh cordgrass and needlerush with Creek acres 2.5 - - 0.7 0.2 - --- several stands of cattail.

% 85 3 5 5 2 - Marsh fringe dominated by saltmarsh cord- 308 Church 2.9 I Creek grass; includes several small pocket marsh acres 2.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 - areas.

% 75 5 15 - 5 ------Marsh fringe along shoreline; dominated by Nassawadox I 309 3.7 saltmarsh cordgrass; several pocket areas Creek acres 2.8 0.2 0.6 - 0.2 ------with some cattail and hibiscus.

83 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part 3. Church Creek, Westerhouse Creek (continued)

(l) ..c ..c I... Cl) en ro ::J I... ::J (l) ::J I... en (l) C I... I... - Cl) ::J O" ro (l) (l) ::J en u ~ en en - (l) ..0 0 a. <( Cl) Cl) ~ -0 co ro en (l) -0 (l) I... en (l) ro (l) (l) en (l) C - E en a. ..c en 0 (l) >, ..c O') ..0 ro ..c ..c I... (l) - I... -0 (l) (l) == ..::t:. ro >, en en ..c (l) (l) en -0 en en >, ..c I... u .._ ro en I... > I... I... I ~ I... LL u I- ro Cl) X I I... - I- , ..c -0 ..c E O> ..::t:. "cij 0 (l) E .._ a: (l) - E Cl) ..0 ~ E u en en E (l) en -0 en ro u I... I... I... (l) I... - -0I... ro ro ro :t::: - ..0 C ro ro ro (l) (l) O') ro ro - -E ro (l) ro -0 ro o -ro ._ -ro -ro -ro ro ro - -ro - (l) ::J # Marsh Location I- U)U U) CJ U) co U) u U) U) U) co ~ ~ $ U) U)'°·- LL 0 ~ U) a: U) Observations ~

% 95 5 - - Horse - Marsh island near mouth of Nassawadox Creek; 310 10 .3 I Island almost entirely saltmarsh cordgrass with acres 9.8 - 0.5 - - scattered ridges of saltbush.

% 80 15 5 of Westerhouse - - - Spit and delta marshes surrounding mouth 311 11.9 I Creek Westerhouse Creek; saltbushes along acres 9.5 - 1.8 0.6 - - highest elevations of spits.

% 55 5 15 25 - - - - Marsh fringe along length of creek shoreline; 312 Westerhouse 1.9 I Creek some cattail in small pocket areas. acres 1.0 0 .1 0.3 0.5 - - - -

% 60 - - 20 20 - - - Pocket marsh at head of creek branch; stands 313 Westerhouse 1.00 of cattails and needlerush but mostly salt- I Creek acres marsh cordgrass. 0.6C - - 0.2( 0.20 - - -

% 55 5 15 25 - - - - Marsh fringe along length of creek shoreline; 314 Westerhouse 1. 7 I Creek some cattail in small pocket areas. acres 0.9 0.1 0.3 0.4 - - - -

% 60 - - 30 10 - - - Pocket marsh at head of creek branch; 315 Westerhouse 1.4 dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass with stands I Creek of needlerush. acres 0.8 - - 0.4 0.1 - - -

% 25 - 60 5 10 - - - - Marsh fringe along length of creek shoreline; 316 Westerhouse 1.00 I Creek includes several small pocket marshes. acres 0.60 0.05 0.10 0.25 - - - - -

% 65 5 - 30 - -- Small pocket marsh; dominated by saltmarsh 317 Westerhouse 0.60 cordgrass with abundant cattail. I Creek acres 0.39 0.03 - 0.18 - - -

84 Section X. Nassawadox Creek Area Part 3. Church Creek, Westerhouse Creek (continued)

(I) ..c ...... c (J) (J) .... co (I) :::, (J) :::, :::, .... (I) C ...... (J) :::, O' - (/) (J) co (I) (I) :::, (J) u 3: 0. - (I) .0 (/) "'O co co (J) 0 , ..c Ol .0 co ..c ..c :..: .... (I) - .... (I) (I) .:s:. >, (J) (J) "'O (I) (I) (J) (J) (J) >, ..c co u (J) ..c > .... "'O I ~ I ...... u. u .... I- .... co co (J) .... (J) X ...... I- C) cu , ..c "'O ..c E oi ~ ·n5 0 (J) (J) (I) E .._ (J) a: - E (J) .0 3: E u E (I) "'O (I) (J) _-o +-( _.o co u ...... (I) .... - .... co .:= co co .:= co .:= -Eco __ C co co -0 CO 0 -co .... co co -co -co (I) (I) co Ol co co co - co (I) (I) :::, cu # Marsh Location I- CJ") u CJ") CJ CJ") co CJ") u CJ") CJ") CJ") co ~ ~ ~ CJ") CJ") u. 0 ~ CJ") a: CJ") Observations ~

% 65 5 30 - -- - Small pocket marsh; dominated by saltmarsh 318 Westerhouse a.so I Creek cordgrass but with large stands of cattail. acres 0.32 - 0.02 0.15 - - -

% 55 5 15 25 - - --- Marsh fringe along length of shoreline; 319 Westerhouse 0.70 I Creek includes several small marsh spits. acres 0.38 0.04 0.10 0.10 - - - --

% 63 3 15 12 - 8 ------Total Section X 111.8 Part 3 acres ~o.o 3.9 16.3 13.5 - 8.4 - - 0.4 - 0.1 ------

% 48 7 17 18 - 6 - - 1 3 ------Total Section X 345.1 Parts 1,2,3 acres [64.4 23.0 58.5 62.3 - 22.2 - - 1.8 11.0 1.1 0.4 0.1 - - - - -

85 Section XI. Hungars Creek

The marsh areas found along Hungars Creek are similar to those found in Nassawadox Creek to the north (Section X) and Cherrystone Creek to the south (Section XIII). As with these other large creek systems found along Northampton County's Bay side, the marshes located here are generally small in size. They perform important functions, however, such as stabilizing the shoreline and filtering runoff from the uplands, as well as serving as a wildlife habitat and source of organic material for the tidal creek system. The shoreline of Hungars Creek is almost completely fringed by salt marsh which is dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass (Type I). However, in many of the fringing areas the saltmarsh cordgrass grades back to a zone of high marsh (Type II & IV). Also extensive high marsh zones are found in the interior sections of many pocket areas. Several embayed marshes are located at the heads of the large creek branches (#337, 351, 356). These are generally dominated by high marsh species including saltbushes and saltmeadow grasses. In addition, large stands of giant cordgrass (Type V) may be present. This species occurs where both salinities are low and the marsh surface is close to the mean high water level. As with similar areas fronting on the Chesapeake Bay to the north and south, the Bay shoreline in the vicinity of Hungar's Creek is devoid of marsh except fox an intermittent marsh fringe along Vaucluse Neck (#320). The value of marsh as an erosion deterrent is greatly evident here, for where the marsh is present the adjacent upland is stable and well vegetated. On the other hand, where the marsh is absent the upland has retreated significantly and is characterized by undercut cliffs and rapid erosion during storm periods.

86 SECTION XI. HUNGARS CREEK ·+·~ SCALE 1 : 24,000

1000 0 1000 2000 FEET

WATERFORD PT.

4<,I*' ~~ 0 VAUCLUSE PT. ct>-~' y.\J~

WILSONIA NECK

321

37~:. ,,,

87 Section XI. Hungars Creek

.c (].).... .c (/) CCI (/) .... (].) ::::, (/) ::::, ::::, (].) C .... (/) ::::, cr ...... - CCI (].) (].) ::::, (/) u ~ (/) (/) - (].) .n (/) "C CD CCI (/) 0 a. <( (/) (].) ~ (/) "C (].) (/) (].) CCI (].) C .... (].) (/) 0 (].) 0) - E (].) a. .c (/) (].) >, .c .n CCI (].) .c .c= .... - .... (].) ~ CCI >, (/) (/) "C (].) (].) (/) (/) (/) >, .c u (/) .c > "C I ~ u.. u .... '- CCI CCI (/) .... (/) X ...... I .... I- I- <( CCI .._ (].) (].) z CCI .... - 0 C} ru -0 CCI 0 CCI CCI .!:!? (/) ::::, .....J .c .c .... >, .c "C .c ~ "cij 0 () (/) (/) (].) E .... (/) a: (].) -CCI .....E "C°' E (/) .n ~ E E _.n (].) "C (/) ...... u ..... CCI CCI ...... (].) CCI ...... - .... CCI 0) CCI -E C CCI 0 CCI 0 CCI .... CCI CCI CCI -CCI (].) (].) -CCI CCI CCI - CCI CCI (].) (].) ::::, CCI - CCI ·- (/) () (/) ()- (/) (/) - # Marsh Location I- (/) C} CD (/) (/) CD ~ ~ ~ (/) (/) u.. 0 ~ (/) a: (/) Observations ~

% 90 10 - - - - - Marsh fringe 10-50 ft. wide along shoreline; 320 Vaucluse 4.5 saltmarsh cordgrass grades back to narrow I Neck zone of meadow grasses. acres 4.0 0.4 - - - - -

% 90 10 ------Marsh fringe at tip of long spit of upland; I 321 Vaucluse 2.4 saltmarsh cordgrass grades back to zone of Neck acres 2.2 0.2 ------high marsh.

% Marsh fringe along creek side of long spit of 75 15 10 ------upland; dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass 322 Vaucluse 5.2 I Neck with other species at higher elevations acres 3.9 0.8 0.5 ------along upland edge. Marsh fringe 2-10 ft. wide around shoreline % 95 - 5 - - - - - Vaucluse of cove; road construction has cut off I 323 2.5 tidal flushing to most upstream branch; Neck acres 2.4 - 0.1 - - - - - marsh spits at mouth.

% Marsh fringe along length ~f shoreline that 95 - 5 -- - - continues up one side of long cove; 324 Hungars 1.2 I Creek includes small spit and pocket areas. acres 1.1 - 0.1 - - - -

% 80 - - 15 5 - - - - - Pocket marsh at head of cove; dominated by Hungars 3.7 saltmarsh cordgrass with patches of needle- I 325 Creek acres 3.0 - - 0.6 0.2 - - - -- rush and cattails.

% 90 - 5 - 5 - - - - - Marsh fringe along eastern shoreline of Hungars I 326 2.2 cove; includes several pocket areas with Creek acres 2.0 - 0.1 - 0.1 - - - - - some cattail.

% 90 5 5 - - - - - Section of shoreline with saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe; includes I 327 Hungars 3.8 Creek several pocket marsh areas which grade acres 3.4 0.2 0.2 - - - - - back to high marsh.

89 Section XI. Hungars Creek (continued)

Q.) ..c ,_ ..c en ,_ Ctl en ::::J ::::J Q.) ,_::::J ,_ ,_ en Q.) cr C - en ::::J Ctl Q.) Q.) ::::J en (.) ~ en en a. - Q.) .0 en ~ -0 co Ctl,_ en 0 <( en Q.) en -0 Q.) en Q.) Ctl Q.) Q.) 0 Q.) C .0 -Ctl E ,_ Q.) - en 0. ,_ ..c en Q.) >, Q.) ..c Ol Q.) ..c ..c .:£ Ctl en en -0 Q.) Q.) en =>, ..c ,_ >- (.) ,_ Ctl en ..c. ,_ en,_ -0,_ I ~ en,_ LL (.) Ctl X > I ,_ I- Cl:! r <( Ctl ,_ Q.) Q.) en z en Ctl - 0 0 -0 Ctl 0 ,_ Ctl Ctl -~ en ::::J 0 __J ..c ..c >, ..c -0 .c .0 .:£ -~ Q.) E ,_ a: -0 Q.) (/) -Ctl E °' E en (.) ~ E u en,_ en,_ E _.o Q.) en,_ - -0,_ Ctl Ctl Ctl Ctl Q.) Ctl .... -Ctl ,_ Ctl Ol Ctl Ctl Ctl -E C Ctl C'1 -0 Ctl 0 - co- -Ctl -Ctl Q.) Q.) -Ctl - -Ctl Ctl ·- - Q.) Q.) ::::l # Marsh Location I- (/)(_) (/) 0 (/) co (/) u (/) (/) (/) co 2 ~ ~ (/) (/) LL 0 ~ (/) a: (/) Observations ~

% 80 5 15 - - - Hungars - Small pocket marsh; saltbushes and saltmeadow 328 0.90 I Creek along upland edge; remainder mostly saltmarsh acres o. 72 0.04 0.14 - - - - cordgrass.

% Small pocket marsh; dominated by saltmarsh Hungars 80 5 10 5 - - - cordgrass but grades back to high marsh. 329 Creek 1.2 I acres 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 - - -

% 3 - - Paraplane 90 2 5 - Cove with fringe of saltmarsh cordgrass along 330 Cove 2.0 shoreline; cattails in several small pockets; I acres 1.8 - 0.1 0.1 - - - saltmarsh cordgrass spits at mouth.

% 70 15 15 - - - Hungars -- 331 Creek 1.5 Spit marsh; berm of high marsh species; I acres 1.0 0.2 0.2 - - - - - remainder mostly saltmarsh cordgrass.

% 5 - Hungars 90 2 3 - - - - 332 Creek 2.4 Pocket marsh at head of small cove; saltmarsh I acres 2.2 - 0.1 0.1 - - -- - cordgrass fringe along lower section of cove.

% 5 2 2 1 2 Marsh fringe along length of shoreline; Hungars 85 3 - - 333 1.9 includes several marsh spits; dominated by I Creek acres saltmarsh cordgrass. 1.6 0.1 0.1 ------

% 75 4 5 10 3 1 - 2 Hungars 334 Creek 5.1 Pocket marsh at head of cove; one branch I acres 3.8 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.2 (J. 1 - 0.1 has been dammed forming pond.

% 50 10 20 20 ------Pocket marsh; dominated by saltmarsh cord- Hungars grass in lower section; grades back to 335 5.8 I Creek meadow and saltbushes. acres 2.9 0.6 1.2 1.2 ------

90 Section XI. Hungars Creek (continued)

.c ,._(1) .c (/) ,._ Ctl (/) :::, :::, (1) :::, ,._ (/) (1) C ,._ ,._ (/) :::, - er Ctl (1) (1) :::, (/) (.) 3 (/) (/) (/) Q. -<( (1) .0 (/) (/) 3 "O co Ctl,._ 0 (1) (/) "O (1) (/) (1) Ctl (1) (/) (1) 0 (1) C E ,._ Q. ,._ .c (/) (1) >, .c Ol .0 -Ctl .c .c :-= (1) - (1) (1) .::it:. Ctl >, (/) (/) "O (1) (/) (/) (/) >, ,._ (.) ,._ Ctl (/) .c ,._ (1) ,._ "O,._ I ~ ,._ .c LL (.) I- Ctl (/) X > I ,._ I- Ctl <( Ctl ,._ (1) (1) z Ctl - o· <:) -0 !!l Ctl 0 ,._ Ctl Ctl -~ (/) :::, ....J .c .c >, .c "O .c E oi .::it:. "

% 30 20 20 20 2 5 - - 3 Creek marsh at head of creek but below - - road; saltmarsh cordgrass dominates lower 336 Hungars 31.0 XII Creek portion but grades into high marsh with acres 9.3 6.2 6.2 6.2 0.6 - 1.6 - - 0.9 - stands of needlerush and big cordgrass. Large pocket marsh area above road; tidal % - 5 40 10 - 30 10 5 - - flushing permitted through culverts; big 337 Bridgetown 29.0 cordgrass and saltbushes grade upstream to XII acres - 1.4 11.6 2.9 - 8.7 2.9 1.4 - - cattails & hibiscus.

% 55 10 30 5 ------338 Hungars 3.3 I Creek Pocket marsh; mostly saltmarsh cordgrass but acres 1.8 0.3 1.0 0.2 ------interior is dominated by saltbushes.

% 80 5 15 ------Pocket marsh; predominately saltmarsh cord- 339 Hungars 1.9 I Creek grass with saltbushes along upland and in acres 1.5 0.1 0.3 ------areas of high elevation.

% 85 5 5 2 2 - - - - 1 Hungars Pocket marsh predominately saltmarsh cord- 340 7.2 I Creek grass with other species scattered throughout. acres 6.1 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 - - - - 0.1

% 55 - - 45 - - - Hungars 341 3.1 Pocket marsh; abundant saltmarsh cordgrass I Creek acres 1. 7 - - 1.4 - - - with stands of needlerush.

% 85 5 5 2 3 -- - - Includes both pocket marsh area with some 342 Hungars 4.4 I Creek cattails at the head and spit marsh with acres 3.7 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 - - -- some saltbushes and meadow.

% 85 5 10 ------Marsh fringe predominately of saltmarsh cord- 343 Hungars 2.3 I Creek grass; saltbushes and meadow along upland acres 2.0 0.1 0.2 ------edge.

91 Section XI. Hungars Creek (continued)

Cl) ..c .._ ..c en .._ ct! en ::, ::, Cl) ::, .._ en Cl) .._ .._ ::, C - en er ct! Cl) Cl) ::, en u ~ en en Q. - Cl) .0 _3-- "O Ill ct! en 0 <( en Cl) en "O Cl) .._ Cl) ct! Cl) -ff, en C ·- - E en .._ Cl) en Q. .._ 0 Cl) Cl) >, ..c Ol .0 ct! ..c Cl) - Cl) Cl) ..c .::£ ..c en "O Cl) = ct!.._ >, u ct! ..c Cl) en u en en >, ..c u en.._ .._ ct! en .._ > .._ .._ I ~ I .._ .._ I- u. I- <( Cl) Cl) en z en >< ct! - 0 C, cu -0 ctl 0 .._ ct! ct! -~ ct! Ol ::, ....J ..c ..c >, ..c "O ..c en .::£ 0 (.) Q.) E .._ er: Cl) - E -o E .0 ~ -~ E en en E Cl) en "O en ct! :!:! .._ en u .._ .._ _.o .._ .._ ctl ct! ctl C ctl Cl) ctl -ct! .._ ct! Cl) Ol ctl ct! ct! -E ctl Cl) Cl) ::, ctl 0 ctl 0 - cii- -ctl -ctl Cl) -ctl - -ctl ctl ·- - . # Marsh Location I- (/) (.) (/) C, (/) Ill (/) (.) (/) (/) (/) Ill ~ ~ ~ (/) (/) u. 0 ~ (/) er: (/) Observations ~

% 85 5 10 - - Hungars - Small pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh 344 Creek 1.8 cordgrass; high marsh species along upland I acres 1.5 0.1 0.2 - - - edge.

% 80 - 10 10 - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe; Jacobus - - 345 2.5 includes several marsh spits with some I Creek high marsh areas. acres 2.0 - 0.2 0.2 - - -

% 80 - 5 15 - - - - cove and pocket marsh; mostly salt- Jacobus Small I 346 Creek 2.4 marsh cordgrass with stands of needlerush~ acres 1.9 - 0.1 0.4 -- - -

% 80 - 20 - - Jacobus - mostly saltmarsh cord- 347 0.30 Small pocket marsh; I Creek grass with stand of needlerush. acres b.24 - - 0.06 - -

% 10 15 Small pocket marsh; some saltbushes along Jacobus 75 - - - - 348 1.1 upland; patches of needlerush but mostly I Creek saltmarsh cordgrass. acres 0.8 - 0.1 0.2 - - -

% 50 10 10 30 - - - - Jacobus Fringing marsh; mostly saltmarsh cordgrass I 349 Creek 2.9 but includes large stands of needlerush. acres 1.4 0.3 0.3 0.9 - - - -

% 35 25 15 25 -- - - Lower portion of creek marsh; saltmarsh cord- Jacobus grass predominates along creek but grades to 7.9 XII 350 Creek high marsh species. acres 2.8 2.0 1.2 2.0 - - - -

% 20 10 50 5 15 - - Upper portion of creek marsh; dominated by Jacobus - - saltbushes with understory of meadow; salt- IV 351 Creek 35.0 marsh cordgrass along channels. acres 7.0 3.5 17.5 1.8 - - 5.2 - -

92 Section XI. Hungars Creek (continued)

(l) ..c ...... c (/) ctl (/) ::::, .... ::::, (l) ::::, (/) (l) .... ::::, C ...... (/) er ctl (l) (l) -::::, (/) () (/) (/) s: Q. - .0 - "O CD ctl (/) 0 <{ (l) (/) (l) (/) s: "O (/) ctl (/) (l) C .... E (l) (l) (/) Q. (l) ..c (/) 0 (l) >, ..c .0 -ctl ..c .... (l) - (l) (l) O> (l) ..c =-= ~ ctl .... (/) (/) "O (l) (/) (/) (/) >, >, () (/) ..c (l) "O ..c () ...... ctl ctl > I ~ I IJ... I- (/) .... (/) X ...... I- cu <{ ctl .... (l) (l) z ctl - 0 C) -0 ctl 0 ctl ctl .!!? (/) ::::, 0 .....J ..c ..c .... E ._ >, ..c a: "O ..c E O> E (/) .0 ~ "cti E (_) (/) (/) (l) E (/) "O (l) (/) -ctl () s: ...... _..o (l) .... - "O.... ctl ctl ctl C ctl (l) ctl .... - ctl - (l) (l) O> ctl ctl ctl -E ctl (l) (l) ::::, ctl -0 ctl 0 -ctl .... ~- -ctl -ctl -ctl - -ctl ctl ·- # Marsh Location I- (/) (_) (/) C) (/) CD (/) (_) (/) (/) (/) CD ~ ~ s: (/) (/) IJ... 0 ~ (/) a: (/) Observations ~

% 50 - 5 35 5 - 5 - Jacobus Wide fringing marsh along upper section of 352 1.5 I Creek creek shoreline; cattails along upland edge. acres 0.8 - 0.1 0.5 0.1 - 0.1 -

% 85 5 5 5 - - Jacobus Pocket marsh; mostly sa]tmarsh cordgrass with 353 Creek 2.3 other species along upland edge. I acres 2.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 - -

% 70 - 5 10 15 - - - Jacobus Pocket marsh; lower portion mostly saltmarsh 354 Creek 1.5 I acres cordgrass; cattails at head. 1.0 - 0.1 0.2 0.2 - - -

% 30 15 10 40 5 - Broad fringing creek marsh section; large Jacobus stands of needlerush; cattails along 355 Creek 12.3 uplands. XII acres 3.7 1.8 1.2 4.9 0.6 - Creek marsh; mostly saltbushes with meadow % 20 20 40 15 - 5 - - grasses; saltmarsh cordgrass along creek Jacobus 356 37.9 channels and in downstream section of XII Creek marsh. acres 7.6 7.6 15.2 5.7 - 1.9 - -

% 45 20 5 30 - - Pocket marsh; dominated by saltmarsh cord- Jacobus grass with areas of meadow and needle- 357 Creek 7.7 rush. XII acres 3.5 1.5 0.4 2.3 - -

% 35 35 5 25 - - - Jacobus Fringing marsh which is quite wide in 358 Creek 7.7 sections; saltmarsh cordgrass with large XII acres 2.7 2.7 0.4 1.9 - - - areas of needlerush and meadow.

% 60 5 10 25 - - Jacobus Spit marsh; fringe of saltmarsh cordgrass 359 Creek 0.40 I acres D.24 0.02 0.04 0.10 - - around interior section of high marsh species

93 Section XI. Hungars Creek (continued)

Q.) ..c ~ ..c (/) co (/) ::::, ~ ::::, Q.) (/) Q.) ::::, ~ C ~ ~ (/) ::::, ..... cr - (/) (/) Q.) Q.) ::::, (/) u 3: co - (/) 0 Q. <( Q.) .0 (/) 3: "O co co ..... (/) Q.) (/) "O Q.) ~ (/) Q.) co (/) Q.) Q.) C - E Q.) Q. ..c (/) 0 Q.) >, ..c O') .0 co ~ Q.) ~ Q.) Q.) ..c ..c ~ >, (/) (/) "O Q.) (/) (/) (/) =>, co (/) ..... Q.) "O ..c ~ ..c ~ u u ~ > ~ ~ I ~ ~ u.. I- ~ co co (/) (/) X I ..... I- Cll <( co ~ Q.) Q.) z 0 co co 0 co co.~ 0 c., (/) ::::, _J ..c ..c ~ >, ..c "O ..c E O'l ~ 0 (/) Q.) E ~ (/) a: ... "O E (/) .0 3: ·co E 0 (/) E ...... 0 Q.) "O Q.) (/)

% 15 10 25 - - - - Jacobus 50 - - Large pocket marsh; saltmarsh cordgrass meadow and needlerush dominate lower section; 360 Creek 16.6 I acres $.3 2.5 1. 7 4.2 ------upper section mostly saltbushes and needlerush.

% 80 5 5 10 - - Fringe and spit marsh; dominated by saltmarsh Jacobus cordgrass with high marsh species along 361 2.3 I Creek upland. acres 1.8 0.1 0.1 0.2 - -

% 95 -- 5 - - - - Jacobus Pocket marsh almost completely of saltmarsh 362 2.3 I Creek scattered black needlerush. acres 2.2 - - 0.1 - - - - cordgrass;

% 85 5 15 - Jacobus Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe; 1.4 I 363 Creek meadow grasses and saltbushes in zone along acres 1.2 0.1 0.2 - upland.

% 40 40 15 5 - - - - Marsh fringe; saltmarsh cordgrass fringe Jacobus along water; large pocket of meadow 364 Creek 1.4 XII acres 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.1 - - - - behind.

% 85 5 10 - Hungars Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe; 365 Creek 2.0 meadow grasses and saltbushes along upland. I acres 1. 7 0.1 0.2 -

% 80 - 10 10 - - - - Long cove with saltmarsh cordgrass and needle- Masden rush fringe along lower section of shoreline; 4.6 I 366 Gut pocket marsh of mostly saltmarsh cordgrass at acres 3.7 0.5 0.5 - - - - - head.

% 85 15 - - - Hungars - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe 367 Creek 3.0 5-30 ft. wide; several small spit and I acres 2.6 - 0.4 - - - - pocket areas.

94 Section XI. Hungars Creek (continued)

..c (J.)...... c (/) (/) ct! :J .... (J.) :J (/) (J.) :J .... 0- C ...... - (/) :J ct! (J.) (J.) :J (/) u :: Cl) (/) - (J.) ..0 (/) "O en ct! (/) 0 a. ~ (/) (J.) :: (/) "O (J.) .... (/) (J.) ct! (J.) (/) (J.) 0 (J.) C - E a. ..c (/) (J.) >, ..c 0) ..0 ct! ..c ..c .... (J.) - .... (J.) (J.) == .::t:. ct! >, Cl) (/) "O (J.) (J.) (/) "O Cl) (/) >, ..c u .... ct! ct! (/) ..c > I ~ I LL u .... r Cl) .... (/) X ...... (lj ~ ct! .... (J.) (J.) z - ct! ct! ....- r 0 C) 0 0 ct! ct! -~ (/) :J .....J ..c ..c .... >, ..c "O ..c .::t:. 0 (.) (/) (/) (J.) E ._ Cl) a: (J.) Cl) -ct! E °' E (/) ..0 :: ·co E E _..o (J.) "O - "O ct! :!:::: u ct! ct! ...... ct! (J.) ct! .... - .... ct! 0) ct! ct! ct! - E C ct! ct! -0 ct! 0 -ct! .... ct! -ct! -ct! (J.) (J.) -ct! - -ct! ct! ·- (J.) (J.) :J # Marsh Location r (f) (.) (f) C) (f) en (f) (.) (f) (f) (f) en ~ ~ ~ (f) (fJ LL 0 ~ (f) a: (f) Observations ~

% 90 - 5 5 - - Cove with saltmarsh cordgrass dominated Hungars 368 1. 7 marsh fringe along shoreline; several small I Creek pocket marsh areas. acres 1.5 - 0.1 0.1 - -

% 60 25 15 - - - surrounded by saltbushes; Hungars - - - Two pocket marshes saltmarsh cordgrass but I 369 Creek 3.2 marsh dominated by acres with large patches of meadow. 1.9 0.8 0.5 ------

% 95 5 - - dominated marsh fringe Hungars - - Saltmarsh cordgrass meadow and saltbushes I 370 Creek 1.5 5-20 ft. wide; some . along upland edge. acres 1.4 - 0.1 - - -

% 90 5 5 - - - Several small marsh islands almost completely Hungars largest island has I 371 Creek 1.4 saltmarsh cordgrass; acres saltbushes and meadow. 1. 3 0.1 0.1 - - -

% 1 - - Total 44 12 22 12 - 2 - - - 6 - - - - Section XI 295.1 - - 0.1 acres 130.5 35.5 64.4 36. ~ - 5.3 - - - 17.5 2.9 1.4 1.1 -

95 Section XII. Mattawoman Creek, The Gulf

The creeks described in this section are characterized by numerous fringe and pocket marsh areas. In fact, the shoreline is almost completely bordered with marsh, except for those sections such as Smith's Beach which are located along the Chesapeake Bay. For the most part the marsh areas described here are dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass (Type I) with black needlerush (Type III) which then usually grade landward to a zone of high marsh species (Type II, IV). These high marsh areas consisting of saltbushes and saltmeadow grasses may be found in the interior portions of the pocket marshes or along the uplands in the marsh fringes. Besides their values as wildlife habitats and serving as a source of organic material, the marsh areas of this section help to filter out runoff from the uplands as well as serving as an erosion deterrent. This ability to protect the fastlands from erosion is evident along the Hungars Beach (#398) section of Chesapeake Bay shoreline. Those sections of shoreline fringed by marsh are relatively stable and well vegetated while adjacent areas with no marsh fringe are being rapidly undercut during storm periods. The fringing marshes found along the Hungars Beach section of shoreline (#398) were some of the most heavily impacted areas resulting from the Chesapeake Bay oil spill of February 1976. Fortunately, wise clean up procedures combined with the lack of toxicity of the No. 6 oil to the grass and the dormancy of the plants during the period of the spill contributed to little plant mortality in these and similarly affected marsh areas to the north.

96 SECTION XII. MATTAWOMAN CREEK,THE GULF ~~\ "~

•

SCALE 1 , 24,000

1000 0 1000 2000 FEET

'---8------v'

97 Section XII. Mattawoman Creek, the Gulf

Q) .c .... .c (J') Ctl (J') .... Q) ::J (J') ::J ::J .... Q) cr C ...... - (J') ::J Ctl Q) Q) ::J (J') u ~ (J') (J') Q. - Q) .0 (J') "O co Ctl (J') 0 <( (J') Q) ~ (J') "O Q) (J') Q) Ctl Q) C .... E Q) (J') Q. .c (J') 0 Q) Q) >, .c CJ) .0 -Ctl .c .c .... Q) - .... Q) Q) == ~ Ctl >, (J') (J') "O Q) Q) (J') "O (J') (J') >, .c u .... Ctl Ctl (J') .c > I ~ I LL u .... I- (J') .... (J') X ...... I- cu <( Ctl .... Q) Q) z Ctl Ctl Ctl Ctl -~- 0 C, -0 0 (J') ::J _J .c .c .... .c "O .c ~ 0 (J') Q) E ._ >, a: E °' E (J') .0 ~ ·rn E u (J') E _.o Q) (J') "O Q) en co u Ctl Ctl ...... Q) .... - "O.... Ctl :: :: CJ) Ctl C Ctl Ctl Ctl - .... Ctl Ctl Ctl Q) Q) Ctl Ctl Ctl -E Ctl Q) Q) ::J cu -0 0 -Ctl Ctl - - - -Ctl Ctl ·- - # Marsh Location I- cnu en c, en co en u en en en co ~ ~ ~ en <.nLL 0 ~ en a: en Observations ~

% 80 5 15 - Small pocket and fringe marsh; mostly salt Mattawoman 372 1.5 marsh cordgrass with saltbushes and salt- I Creek meadow grasses along upland edge. acres 1.2 0.1 0.2 -

% 80 - 10 10 - Mattawoman - Pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh cord- 2.2 I 373 Creek grass; berm with saltbushes partly across acres 1.8 - 0.2 0.2 - - mouth.

% 85 5 5 5 - - - Mattawoman Cove with fringe of saltmarsh cordgrass along 3.5 shoreline; several spits and pocket areas; I 374 Creek acres some reed grass evident. 3.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 - - -

Mattawoman % 85 5 10 - - - Spit marsh of mostly saltmarsh cordgrass; 375 Creek 0."90 meadow grasses and saltbushes at higher I acres 0.76 0.04 0.09 - - - elevations.

% Mattawoman 90 - 10 - - 376 0.80 I Creek Small pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh acres o. 72 - 0.08 - - cordgrass; saltbushes around upland edge.

% 45 5 25 25 - Fringe marsh along shoreline and around Mattawoman KII 377 Creek 0.50 small pocket area; mostly saltmarsh cord- acres 0.22 0.2 0.12 0.12 - grass and needlerush with saltbushes behind.

% Mattawoman 95 - 2 2 1 Pocket marsh area; some cattails at head 378 Creek 0.90 but mostly saltmarsh cordgrass. I acres 0.86 - 0.02 0.02 0.01

% Mattawoman 95 - - 5 - - - Broad fringing marsh around shoreline of 379 Creek 3.5 creek branch; several pocket areas include I acres 3.3 - - 0.2 - - - some cattail.

98 Section XII. Mattawoman Creek, the Gulf (continued)

Q.) .c '- .c en ct! en ::::, '- ::::, Q.) ::::, en Q.) '- ::::, O" C '- '- - en ct! Q.) Q.) ::::, en u 3: (/) en - Q.) .0 "O co ct! en 0 C. <( en Q.) en 3: "O Q.) ct! Q.) en C '- - E en Q.) Q.) en C. .c Cl) 0 Q.) Q.) >. .c 0) .0 ct! .c .c :.: '- Q.) - '- Q.) Q.) ~ ct! en en Q.) Q.) (/) .c >. u -o en .c > "O I ~ en en >. LL u '- I- '- ct! ct! Q.) '- X '- '- I '- '- I- ctl <( ct! '- en z -0 en ct! ct! 0 ct! ct! -~ 0 C, a, ::::, - en _J .c .c '- .c "O .c E o, ~ 0 (.) Q.) E '- >. a: Q.) -ct! E en .0 3: ct! E en en E _.o Q.) en "O en - "O :!:! ct! u :t:: ct! ct! '- '- '- ct! Q.) ct! '- - '- ct! 0) ct! ct! ct! -E C ct! ct! -0 ct! 0 ct! '- «i- -ct! ct! Q.) Q.) -ct! - -ct! ct! ·- - Q.) Q.) ::::, # Marsh Location I- Cl) () Cl) C, Cl) co Cl) (.) Cl) Cl) Cl) co ~ ~ 3: Cl) Cl) LL 0 ~ Cl) a: Cl) Observations ~

% 70 5 10 15 - - - Fringing and spit marsh; dominated by 380 Mattawoman 3.1 I Creek saltmarsh cordgrass but other species at acres 2.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 - - - higher elevations throughout.

% 95 - 5 - - - - - Narrow saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh I 381 Mattawoman 0.40 fringe; average width 5 ft; several small Creek acres b.38 - 0.02 - - - -- pocket areas.

65 15 15 5 - % - - - - - Pocket marsh at head of creek branch; 382 Mattawoman 11.3 I Creek dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass with acres 7.3 1. 7 1. 7 - 0.6 --- - - saltbush and meadow areas.

% 95 - 5 - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe; 383 Mattawoman 0.30 I Creek average width 5 ft. acres 10 .28 - 0.02 - -

% 10 15 5 5 65 - - - - Pocket marsh with two branches; mostly 384 Mattawoman 12.6 I Creek saltmarsh cordgrass with saltbushes and acres 8.2 1.3 1.9 0.6 0.6 -- - - meadow grasses in upstream sections.

% 100 ------Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe Mattawoman 385 0.70 1-5 ft. wide; marsh absent in areas shaded I Creek acres 0.70 ------by trees.

% 90 10 - - - - - mostly saltmarsh cordgrass Mattawoman Fringing marsh; I 386 0.40 along upland edge. Creek with saltbushes acres 0.36 - 0.04 - - - -

% 80 2 5 10 1 - - 2 -- Fringing marsh; mostly saltmarsh cordgrass Mattawoman 387 1.00 with patches of needlerush; other species I Creek acres 0.64 0.02 0.04 0.08 0.01 - - 0.02 - - along upland edge.

99 Section XII. Mattawoman Creek, the Gulf (continued)

0) .c .... .c r/') C'Cl r/') ::::, .... ::::, 0) ::::, r/') 0) .... ::::, C ...... - r/') er C'Cl 0) 0) ::::, r/') 3: (/) r/') u Q. - 0) ..0 "'O CD C'Cl r/') 0 <( r/') Q) r/') 3: "'O r/') C'Cl r/') 0) C .... 0) 0) r/') Q. 0) .c r/') 0 0) ..0 -C'Cl E .... 0) .... 0) >, 0) .c Ol Q) .c .c = -.:y:_ C'Cl >, r/') r/') "'O 0) 0) r/') "O r/') r/') >, .c - .... u .... C'Cl C'Cl r/') .c > .... I ~ I ...... LL u I- <( 0) r/') .... r/') X .... I- 0 Cl:l C'Cl .... 0) z -0 C'Cl C'Cl 0 C'Cl C'Cl -~ 0 r/') ::::, _J .c .c .... >, .c c:r:: "'O .c E oi .:y:_ C'Cl 0 r/') r/') 0) E .._ r/') "'O 0) r/') -C'Cl ... -o E r/') ..0 3: E u E 0) .... C'Cl u C'Cl C'Cl ...... - ..0 .... C'Cl 0) C'Cl - .... C'Cl == Ol C'Cl C'Cl C'Cl == -E C C'Cl ::::, C'Cl -0 C'Cl 0 -C'Cl .... -C'Cl -C'Cl -C'Cl 0) 0) C'Cl - C'Cl C'Cl ·- - 0) Q) # Marsh Location I- (J)U (/) 0 (/) CD (/) u (/) (/) (/) CD ~ ~ ~ (/) Cl) LL 0 ~ (/) c:r:: (/) Observations ~

% 75 10 5 10 - - Pocket marsh; dominated by saltmarsh cord- . Mattawoman grass with areas of meadow grasses and 2.0 I 388 Creek needlerush. acres 1.5 0.02 0.01 0.02 - -

% 95 4 1 - - - Spit marsh; mostly saltmarsh cordgrass with Mattawoman other species at higher elevations along I 389 Creek 0.90 acres 0.86 0.04 0.01 - - - spit.

% 95 1 1 - 2 1 - - Pocket marsh at head of cove but below road; Mattawoman mostly saltmarsh cordgrass with scattered I 390 Creek 2.3 patches of cattail. acres 2.2 ------

% 75 10 10 5 - - - Marsh fringe along shoreline with small Mattawoman marsh pockets mostly saltmarsh cordgrass I 391 Creek 1.6 with high marsh in pocket areas. acres 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 - - -

% 35 30 20 15 - - - Mattawoman Pocket marsh; saltmarsh cordgrass along creek XII 392 1.00 Creek grades back to interior of high marsh. acres 0.35 0.30 0.20 0.15 - - - Fringing marsh along long section of shore- % 85 5 10 - line 5-100 ft. wide; mostly saltmarsh cord- Mattawoman grass with zone of saltbushes and meadow I 393 5.3 Creek along upland. acres 4.5 0.3 0.5 -

45 5 - % 50 - - - Pocket marsh at head of creek branch; salt- Barlow I 394 7 .4 marsh cordgrass dominated with large stands Creek of needlerush. acres 3.7 - - 3.3 0.4 - -

% 70 - 1 25 2 2 Pocket marsh; mostly saltmarsh cordgrass with Barlow stands of needlerush; scattered cattails I 395 Creek 9.4 and bulrush. acres 6.6 - 0.1 2.4 0.2 0.2

100 Section XII, Mattawoman Creek, the Gulf (continued)

Q) ..c ...... c en C\1 en :::, .... :::, Q) :::, .... en Q) C ...... - en :::, +-' er C\1 Q) Q) :::, (.) 3: en en en Q. Q) ..0 "O en C\1 en 0 <( +-' en Q) en 3: "O Q) .... en Q) cu Q) Q. Q) 0 en Q) C ..0 - E Q) en ...... c en Q) >, Q) ..c 0) C\1 Q) ..c ..c = .... .::t:. C\1 >, en en "O Q) +-' Q) en "O en >, ..c (.) (.) en ..c I ~ en .... +-' u...... I- .... C\1 C\1 .... X > ...... I .... I- C, cu <( C\1 .... Q) Q) en z en C\1 C\1 cu C\1 .!!? 0 :::, 0 .....J 0 ..c ..c .... >, ..c "O ..c en .::t:. 0 Q) E .._ a: Q) - E .g' E en ..0 3: C\1 E 0 (/) en E Q) en "O en C\1 +-' +-' (.) +-' +-' +-' ...... +-' +-' +-' ..0 ...... +-' .::: .... C\1 +-' cu cu C C\1 Q) C\1 Q) - 0) cu cu - -E cu Q) Q) :::, C\1 0 C\1 0 C\1 .... co cu C\1 C\1 Q) C\1 cu C\1 C\1 ·- # Marsh Location I- CJ") 0 CJ") C, CJ") en CJ") 0 CJ") CJ") CJ") en ~ ~ 3: CJ") CJ") LL.. 0 ~ CJ") a: CJ") Observations ~

% 65 10 20 5 - - - - Marsh fringe; grades from saltmarsh cord- I 396 Old Town 2.0 Neck grass along water to saltbushes and salt acres 1.3 0.2 0.4 0.1 - - - - meadow along upland.

% 80 5 10 5 - - - - Pocketmarsh dominated by saltmarsh cord- I 397 Old Town 3.6 grass; grades to high marsh in interior Neck acres 2.9 0.2 0.4 0.2 - -- - section and along uplands,

% 95 5 - - - - - Marsh fringe 5-50 ft. wide along shoreline; I 398 Hungars 1.8 Beach saltmarsh cordgrass along water grades back acres 1. 7 0.1 -- - - - to narrow zone of saltmeadow and saltbushes.

% 85 10 5 - - - - - Marsh fringe with 30 ft. average width; I 399 Hungars 2.0 saltmarsh cordgrass along water grades back Beach acres 1. 7 0.2 0.1 - - - - - to zone of high marsh species along upland.

% 95 - 5 - - - - Wide saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh I 400 The Gulf 3.9 fringe near mouth of creek system. acres 3.7 - 0.2 - - - -

% 75 - 5 20 - - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe I 401 The Gulf 1.6 along length of shoreline; abundant needle- acres 1.2 - 0.1 0.3 - - - rush scattered throughout.

% 80 -- 5 15 - - The Gulf Small pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh I 402 0.30 cordgrass; significant stand of cattails. acres 0.24 - - 0.02 0.04 - -

5 % 80 - - 5 10 - - Pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass I 403 The Gulf 0.90 but with stands of cattails, hibiscus and acres 0. 72 - - 0.04 0.09 - 0.04 - needlerush.

101 Section XII, Mattawoman Creek 1 the Gulf (continued}

..c Q)._ ..c en ._ rn en ::J ::J Q) ._::J ._ ._ en Q) C en ::J cr rn Q) Q) -::J en u ~ (/) en Q. - Q) .0 "O CD rn en 0 <( en Q) en ~ "O Q) ._ Q) rn Q) en C E en Q) en Q. ..c en 0 Q) >, 0) .0 - ._ Q) - ._ Q) Q) ..c rn Q) ..c ..c ..::s:. "O Q) = - rn._ >, u en en en ..c ._ Q) ._en "O._ I ~ en._ en >- ..c u. u ._ rn rn X > I ._ I- rn I- <( rn ._ Q) Q) en z en rn - 0 (.'.) -0 rn 0 ._ rn rn.~ en ::J .....J ..c ..c >, ..c "O ..c E rn ..::s:. -~ 0 Q) E ._ cc Q) -rn E en .0 ~ E 0 ._en en._ E _.o Q) ._en "O en - "O u :::: rn rn Q) rn .... - .... - rn 0) rn -E C rn -0 rn o -rn .._ rn- rn rn -rn Q) Q) -rn rn rn - -rn rn ·- rn Q) Q) ::J rn (/) (.'.) (/) - (/) (/) (/) # Marsh Location I- (1)0 CD (/) 0 (/) CD ~ ~ s (/) u. 0 ~ (/) cc (/) Observations ~

20 % 75 - 5 - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe 404 The Gulf 1.4 along length of shoreline; abundant needle- I rush scattered throughout. acres 1.0 - 0.1 0.3 - -

% 90 - - 5 5 - - - - - Pocket marsh with two branches at head of creek; mostly saltmarsh cordgrass with I 405 The Gulf 9.1 scattered cattail and needlerush. acres 8.2 - - 0.5 0.5 - - - - -

% 70 - - 20 10 - - 406 The Gulf 0.60 Cove with saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh I fringe and several small pocket areas. acres 0.42 - - 0.12 0.06 - -

% 85 5 5 5 - - Intermittent saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe; average width 5 ft. 407 The Gulf 0.40 I acres 0.34 0.02 0.02 0.02 - -

% 95 - 2 1 2 408 The Gulf 1.2 Small pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh I cordgrass; scattered cattail. acres 1.1 - - - -

% 75 - 25 - 409 The Gulf 0.40 Small pocket marsh of saltmarsh cordgrass; I acres 0.30 - 0.10 - large stand of cattails.

% 95 - - - 5 - - - Pocket marsh at head of creek branch; 410 The Gulf 2.0 dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass with cattails I acres in uppermost sections. 1.9 - - - 0.1 -- -

% 95 - - 5 Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe along length of shoreline; scattered black 411 The Gulf 0.70 needlerush; both sides of creek branch included. I acres 0.66 - - 0.04

102 Section XII. Mattawoman Creek, the Gulf (continued)

.c Q)... .c Cl) C'O Cl) ... Q) :::::, Cl) :::::, :::::, Q) C: ...... Cl) :::::, .... O' - Cl) Cl) C'O Q) Q) :::::, Cl) u 3: Cl) Cl) a. Q) .0 Cl) 3: "O "O C'O 0 <( .... Cl) Q) Cl) Q) ... Cl) Q) C'O Q) Cl) Q) Cl) 0 Q) C: - E a. .c Q) >, .c O> .0 C'O .c ... Q) ... Cl) Cl) Q) Q) .c == .::£ C'O >, "O Q) Q) Cl) Cl) Cl) >, .c u ... C'O C'O Cl) .c .... > "O I ~ I LL u ... I- <( Q) Cl) z ... Cl) X ...... I- C, C'O C'O ... Q) :::::, 0 C'O C'O 0 C'O C'O -~ 0 oi Cl) 0 ...J .c .c ... E .._ >, .c "O .c - E E Cl) .0 .::£ ·co E Cl) Cl) Q) Cl) a: "O Q) Cl) C'O .... "O .... u 3: .... u .... E .... .0 Q) .... - ... C'O ~ .:!: .... C'O C'O ...... C: ... C'O Q) C'O ... 0 C'O 0 -C'O ... C'O C'O Q) Q) "cij O> C'O C'O C'O - -E C'O Q) Q) :::::, C'O C'O C'O C'O C'O ·- - # Marsh Location I- (J)U (J) C, (J) Cl) (J) u (J) (J) (J) Cl) ~ ~ 3;: (J) Cl) LL 0 ~ Cl) a: Cl) Observations ~

% 95 - 5 - - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe 412 The Gulf 1.4 along length of shoreline; cattails in pocket I areas. acres [.3 - 0.1 - - -

% 100 - inlands scattered across Saltmarsh cordgrass I 413 The Gulf 4.0 creek mouth. acres ~.o -

% 95 5 - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated ·spit marsh; 414 The Gulf 3.0 saltmeadow and other species along upland I acres 2.8 0.2 - - edge.

% 78 5 7 8 - 2 ------Total 113.6 Section XII acres 88.3 5.5 7.4 9.5 - 2.7 - - 0.2 ------

103 Section XIII. Cherrystone Inlet

The tidal marshes found within the Cherrystone Inlet region are very similar to the other marsh areas found further north in both Hungars and Nassawadox Creeks (Sections XI and X). The shore lines within Cherrystone Inlet and its adjacent creeks are almost completely vegetated with saltmarsh cordgrass (Type I) dominated fringe and pocket marsh areas. In most sections, especially in the interior sections of the pocket marshes, this low marsh grades to adjacent high marsh areas of saltbushes (Type IV) and saltmeadow grasses (Type II). There are several large creek marshes located at the head of Cherrystone Inlet (#423, 427). These marshes grade from lower portions dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass to upstream areas vegetated by saltbushes and saltmeadow grasses. In contrast to the shoreline within Cherrystone Inlet, the shoreline of Savage Neck which fronts along the Chesapeake Bay is devoid of marsh. This is due to the high energy nature of the area and rapid erosion is evident along much of its length.

104 ~ SECTION XIII. CHERRYSTONE INLET ·+·• SCALE l , 2.,&,000

1000 0 1000 2000 FEET

EYREVILLE NECK

EYREHALL NECK

OLD ORCHARD PT.

CHERITON

CAPE CHARLES Section XIII, Cherrystone Inlet

(1) .c .... .c en ctl en :::::, .... :::::, (1) :::::, en (1) .... :::::, C ...... - en er ctl (1) (1) :::::, en u 3: en - (1) .0 (1) 0 Cl <( 3: -"'O "'O co ctl en "' ctl en en (1) C .... en (1) (1) en Cl (1) .c en 0 (1) >, .0 -ctl E .... (1) "'.... (1) (1) .c Ol (1) .c .c = ~- ctl >, en en "'O (1) (1) Cl) "'O Cl) Cl) >, .c u .... ctl Cl) .c > I ~ LL u .... I- ctl Cl) .... X ...... I ...... I- ctl <( ctl .... (1) (1) z en ctl ctl ctl ctl .!Q- 0 ~ -0 0 en :::::, ...J .c .c .... >, .c "'O .c E oi ~ 0 () Cl) Cl) (1) E .._ Cl) cc (1) Cl) -ctl E Cl) .0 3: ·ca E E _.o (1) "'O .... - "'O ~ ctl ~ u :i::: ctl ctl ...... ~ .... ctl (1) ctl - .... ctl Ol ctl ctl ctl -E C ctl :::::, ctl 0 ctl 0 ctl .... ctl -ctl ctl (1) (1) -ctl - ctl ctl ·- (1) (1) - ~ # Marsh Location I- Cl)() Cl) ~ Cl) co Cl) () Cl) Cl) Cl) in ~ ~ ~ Cl) Cl) LL 0 ~ Cl) cc Cl) Observations Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe; % 55 20 25 - - small pocket marsh area partially blocked by Cherry stone I 415 1.5 sand beach; interior mostly saltbushes and Inlet meadow. acres 0.8 0.3 0.4 - -

% 90 - 10 -- - Cove with two marsh spits of mostly saltmarsh Remus cordgrass at mouth; fringe of cordgrass around I 416 Creek 2.0 shoreline; pocket marsh of saltbushes and acres 1.8 - 0.2 - - - cattails at head. Pocket marsh with saltmarsh cordgrass % 40 20 40 - - - dominating portion of marsh nearest creek; Cherry stone interior section mostly saltbushes and XII 417 Inlet 4.1 acres 1.6 0.8 1.6 - - - meadow. Cove completely filled with recently % 95 - 5 - - established saltmarsh cordgrass; salt bushes I 418 Wescoat 8.8 around upland as well as on spit at mouth. Cove acres 8.4 - 0.4 - -

% 85 5 5 5 - - - Cove marsh dominated by sal'tmarsh cordgrass; Cherrystone - several pockets of cattail at head of cove 419 4 .1 I Inlet while high marsh species fringe along upland. acres 3.5 0.2 0.2 - 0.2 - - -

% 85 5 10 - - - - Pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; Cherrystone saltbushes and meadow fringe along upland. 420 Inlet 3.1 I acres 2.6 0.2 0.3 - - - -

% 50 15 35 - - Spit marsh; areas of highest elevation on Cherry stone 421 0.90 spit vegetated with saltbushes and meadow I Inlet remainder mostly saltmarsh cordgrass. acres 0.45 O. ll o. 3~ - - grasses;

% 25 35 - Pocket marsh; saltmarsh cordgrass dominates Cherrystone 40 - - grades to high marsh of salt- 422 3.1 lower portion; XII Inlet bushes and meadow grasses. acres 1.2 0.8 1.1 - - -

107 Section XIII. Cherrystone Inlet (continued)

Cl) .c ...... c (J) (J) ..... ro Cl) ::::, (J) ::::, ::::, ..... Cl) C ...... - (J) ::::, er Cl) Cl) ::::, (J) (.) 3: (/') (J) ro Q. - Cl) .0 (J) 3: - "O CD ro (J) 0 , .c 0) .0 ro .c .c ..... Cl) - ..... Cl) Cl) == ..::t:. >, (J) (J) "O Cl) Cl) (J) (J) (J) >, .r: ro (.) .._ ro (J) .c > "O I ~ LL (.) ..... ro (J) ..... (/') X ...... I ...... I- C"Cl I- , .c ..c E ..::t:. "ni 0 () (J) (J) Cl) E .._ (J) a: Cl) r/) -ro E (J) .0 3: E E Cl) "O - "O..... ro .:!:! (.) ro ro ...... - .0 ..... ro Cl) ro .... - - ro 0) ro -E C C"Cl -0 ro o -ro .._ ro -ro -ro Cl) Cl) -ro ro ro - -ro ro._ - ro Cl) Cl) ::::, # Marsh Location I- (f) () (f) CJ (f) CD (f) () (f) (f) (f) CD ~ ~ ~ (f) (f) LL 0 ~ (f) a: (f) Observations ~

% 30 30 40 ------Large pocket marsh areas with several branches; lower portions dominated by salt- 423 Cherry stone 68.8 XII Inlet marsh cordgrass; grades upstream to salt- acres 20.6 20.6 27.5 ------bush and meadow areas.

Saltmarsh cordgrass along waters edge; % 15 55 30 - - grades back to high marsh dominated by salt- 424 Cherry stone 11.8 II Inlet bushes and meadow grasses mixed with cedar, acres 1.8 6.5 3.5 - - holly, pine.

% 85 5 5 5 -- - - Pocket marsh; dominated by saltmarsh cord- 425 Old Castle 5.1 I Creek grass; upper section has been dammed acres 4.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 -- - - forming pond.

% 90 2 6 2 - - Marsh fringe dominated by saltmarsh cord- 426 Old Castle 4.3 I Creek grass; cattails and saltbushes along acres 3.9 0.1 0.3 0.1 - - upland edge.

% 35 30 30 -- - 5 ---- - Large creek marsh; downstream section dominated by salt marsh cordgrass; upstream 427 Old Castle 78.3 XII Creek portion mostly saltbushes and meadow grasses acres 27.4 23.5 23.5 -- - 3.9 - - - - - with scattered big cordgrass.

% 80 8 10 - 2 - - 428 Old Castle 5.2 I Creek Pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh cord- acres 4.2 0.4 0.5 - 0.1 - - grass; upper portion dammed forming pond.

% 75 5 20 - 429 Old Castle 1.9 I Creek Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe; acres 1.4 0.1 0.4 - includes two pocket marsh areas.

% 50 20 30 - - - - Cherrys tone 430 4.5 I Inlet Wide fringing marsh; saltmarsh cordgrass acres 2.2 0.9 1.4 - - - - areas grade to saltbushes and meadow grasses.

108 Section XIII. Cherrystone Inlet (continued)

Q) .c .._ .c (/) (/) .._ ct! ::J ::J Q) .._::J .._ (/) Q) C .._ (/) ::J ... er Q) -::J (/) ~ (/) (/) ct! Q) u .0 - "O CD ct! (/) 0 0. <( Q) (/) Q) (/) ~ "O .._ (/) ct! ... (/) Q) C Q) Q) (/) 0. Q) .c (/) 0 Q) O') .0 - E .._ Q) .._ Q) >, Q) .c ct! Q) .c .c :.= .::t:. ct! >, (/) (/) "O Q) (/) (/) (/) >, .c .._ u .._ ct! (/) .c ....._ Q) > .._ "O.._ I ~ .._ .._ LL u I- ct! I ... (1j (/) (/) X I- (.') <( ct! .._ Q) Q) z 0 ct! ct! 0 .._ ct! ct!-~ 0 (/) ::J .....J .c ..c >, .c "O .c E rn .::t:. -~ 0 (/) (/) Q) E .._ (/) a: Q) (/) -ct! ... "O E (/) .0 ~ E u .._ .._ E ... .0 Q) .._ "O .._ .._ ...... u ...... ct! ct! ...... ct! Q) ct! ... - ct! ... - O') ct! C ct! -ct! .._ ct! ct! ct! - -E ct! Q) 0 ct! 0 ct! ct! ct! Q) Q) ct! ct! ct! ·- - Q) ::J # Marsh Location I- (l)U (I) (.') (I) CD (I) u (I) (I) (I) CD ~ ~ ~ (I) (I) LL 0 ~ (I) a: (I) Observations ~

% 40 15 40 - 5 - - Large spit marsh at mouth of creek; saltmarsh Eyreville XII 431 1.4 cordgrass grades into large, high marsh Creek areas; sea oxeye at highest elevations. acres 0.6 0.2 0.6 - 0 .1 - -

% 80 5 2 5 3 3 2 - - - - Creek marsh dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; Eyreville needle rush, big cordgrass, cattails bulrush I 432 Creek 12.5 acres 10.0 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.2 - - - - in pockets fringing uplands.

% 85 5 10 ------Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe Eyreville I 433 1.2 5-20 ft. wide; saltbushes and meadow grass Creek at highest elevations along uplands. acres 1.0 0.1 0 .1 ------

% 85 5 10 - - - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh formed Eyrehall I 434 3.7 behind large sand spit at mouth of creek. Creek acres 3.1 0.2 0.4 - - - -

% Pocket marsh with two branches that have 70 10 20 - - - Eyrehall been dammed forming ponds; saltmarsh cord- I 7.6 435 Creek grass grades upstream to saltbushes and acres 5.3 o.s 1.5 - - - meadow grass.

% 80 1~ 5 - - - Creek marsh dominated throughtout by salt- Eyrehall marsh cordgrass; scattered meadow grasses I 436 Creek 21.3 and saltbushes; cattails along upland. acres 17.0 3. i 1.1 - - -

% 5 by saltmarsh cordgrass; 90 5 - - Pocket marsh dominated I 437 Eyrehall 2.9 saltmeadow grasses and saltbushes fringe Creek along uplands. acres 2.6 O. l 0.1 - -

Pocket marsh with two branches; dominated % 85 - 15 - - - - - Eyrehall by saltmarsh cordgrass; salt bushes in up- I 438 Creek 6.9 stream portions. acres 5.9 - l.C - - - - -

109 Section XIII. Cherrystone Inlet (continued)

Q) ..c I... ..c Cl) C'O Cl) I... Q) ::::, Cl) ::::, ::::, I... Q) C I... I... Cl) ::::, ... cr Q) Q) -::::, Cl) ~ (/) Cl) C'O u .0 "O C'O Cl) 0 Q. <( Q) (/) Q) Cl) ~ "O co Cl) C'O ... Cl) Q) C I... - Q) Q) Cl) Q. Q) Cl) 0 Q) .0 - E I... Q) ..c Q) >, Q) ..c Ol C'O Q) ..c ..c :..: .::t:. C'O >, .... Cl) Cl) "O Q) Cl) Cl) Cl) >, ..c u Cl) ..c ... Q) "O I ~ u. u ...... C'O I... > I I- C'O Cl) Cl) X ...... I- cu <( C'O .... Q) Q) z 0 C'O C'O 0 C'O C'O -~ 0 0 Cl) ::::, ..J ..c ..c I... >, ..c "O ..c E OJ .::t:. 0 Cl) Cl) Q) E '- Cl) a: Q) (/) -C'O ... "O E Cl) .0 ~ ·m E u E _.o Q) "O u ...... I... Q) .... - I...... C'O ...... C'O C'O ...... C'O C'O ... C'O ... Ol C'O C'O C'O - -E C C'O C'O 0 C'O 0 C'O .... C'O C'O C'O Q) Q) C'O C'O C'O ·- - Q) Q) ::::, # Marsh Location I- enu eno en co en u en en en co ~ ~ ?; en en u. 0 ~ en a: en Observations ~

% 40 15 40 - 5 - - Large spit marsh at mouth of creek; saltmarsh Eyreville 431 1.4 cordgrass grades into large, high marsh XII Creek areas; sea oxeye at highest elevations. acres 0.6 0.2 0.6 - 0.1 - -

% 80 5 2 5 3 3 2 - - - - Creek marsh dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; Eyreville needlerush, big cordgrass, cattails bulrush I 432 Creek 12.5 acres 10.0 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.2 - - - - in pockets fringing uplands.

% 85 5 10 ------Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe Eyreville I 433 1.2 5-20 ft. wide; saltbushes and meadow grass Creek at highest elevations along uplands. acres 1.0 0.1 0.1 ------

% 85 5 10 - - - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh formed Eyrehall I 434 3.7 behind large sand spit at mouth of creek. Creek acres 3.1 0.2 0.4 - - - -

% 70 10 20 - - - Pocket marsh with two branches that have Eyrehall been dammed forming ponds; saltmarsh cord- 7.6 I 435 Creek grass grades upstream to saltbushes and acres 5.3 O.E 1.5 - - - meadow grass.

% 80 1: 5 - - - Creek marsh dominated throughtout by salt- Eyrehall marsh cordgrass; scattered meadow grasses I 436 Creek 21.3 and saltbushes; cattails along upland. acres 17.0 3. i 1.1 - - -

% 90 5 5 - Pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; - I 437 Eyrehall 2.9 saltmeadow grasses and saltbushes fringe Creek acres along uplands. 2.6 O. l 0.1 - -

Pocket marsh with two branches; dominated % 85 - 15 - - - - - Eyrehall by saltmarsh cordgrass; saltbushes in up- I 438 Creek 6.9 stream portions. acres 5.9 - l.C - - - --

109 Section XIII. Cherrystone Inlet (continued)

.c Q.).... .c rJ) rJ) C'Cl :::J .... :::J Q.) :::J rJ) Q.) C .... rJ) cr ...... - :::J C'Cl Q.) Q.) ::::, rJ) u 3 en rJ) Q. - Q.) .0 rJ) "O CD C'Cl rJ) 0 ~ rJ) Q.) 3 rJ) "O Q.) rJ) Q.) C'Cl Q.) C .... ·- - E Q.) rJ) Q. .c rJ) 0 Q.) Q.) >, .c CJ) .0 C'Cl .c .c .... Q.) - .... Q.) Q.) == .::t:. C'Cl >, rJ) rJ) "O Q.) Q.) rJ) "O rJ) rJ) >, .c ,_ u .... C'Cl C'Cl rJ) .c > ,_ I ~ I u. u I- rJ) .... rJ) X ...... ,_ I- ~ C'Cl ,_ Q.) Q.) z - C'Cl - 0 CJ cu 0 C'Cl 0 ,_ C'Cl C'Cl -~ rJ) :::J 0 ....J .c .c >, .c "O .c - E CJ> rJ) .::t:. C'Cl rJ) rJ) Q.) E .... rJ) a: Q.) rJ) C'Cl ..... "O E .0 3 E u ,_ ,_ E ...... 0 Q.) ,_ "O ,_ ..... u ..... C'Cl C'Cl :!::: ...... Q.) C'Cl ..... - .... C'Cl ..... CJ) C'Cl -E C C'Cl 0 C'Cl 0 C'Cl .... C'Cl C'Cl C'Cl -C'Cl Q.) Q.) C'Cl C'Cl C'Cl C'Cl C'Cl Q.) Q.) :::J C'Cl - C'Cl ·- # Marsh Location I- (/)(_) (/) CJ (/) CD (/) u (/) (/) (/) CD ~ ~ ~ (/) (/) u. 0 ~ (/) a: (/) Observations ~

% 85 5 10 Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated fringe marsh; Eyrehall 439 0.70 saltbushes and saltmeadow grasses are found I Creek along uplands. acres 0.60 0.04 0.07"

Fringe marsh at mouth of creek; saltmarsh % 85 5 10 - - cordgrass behind spit; saltbushes and Eyrehall 3.7 meadow along spit at higher elevations. I 440 Creek acres 3.1 0.2 0.4 - -

% 85 5 10 - - - - Spit marsh at mouth of smalI creek; berm of Cherry stone saltbushes and meadow with saltmarsh cord- I 441 Inlet 2.6 acres 2.2 0.1 0.3 - - - - grass behind.

% 90 3 5 2 ------Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated fringe and Cherrystone pocket marsh areas within small creek. I 442 Inlet 7.2 acres 6.5 0.2 0.4 0.1 ------

high % 80 5 10 2 - - 3 Spit marsh at mouth of small creek; Cherrystone marsh species along upland spit; saltmarsh 443 1.2 I Inlet cordgrass dominates remainder of marsh. acres 1.0 0 .1 0 .1 - - - -

% 85 5 10 - - - - Pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh cord- Cherrystone I 444 4.5 grass; berm with saltbushes partially across Inlet interior of high marsh species. acres 3.8 0.2 0.4 - - - - mouth;

Pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh cord- % 80 1( 10 - - - grass; berm dominated by saltbushes and Cherrystone I 445 6.7 saltmeadow grasses partially across mouth. Inlet acres 5.4 0.7 0.7 - - -

% 80 5 10 3 2 ------Creek with saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsl fringe along shoreline; two branches with 5.3 I 446 Mill Creek pocket marshes at heads; some cattails and acres 4.2 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.1 ------needlerush in these pockets.

110 Section XIII. Cherrystone Inlet (continued)

.c Q),_ .c ,_ co ::::, ::::, Q) ::::, "',_ Q) "',_ ,_ "'::::, cr C Q) Q) -::::, u ~ r/) co "' Q. - Q) ..0 "C en co 0 <( "' Q) ~ (/) "C Q) "',_ Q) co Q) C - E ,_ Q) Q. "',_ 0 Q) Q) >, .c Ol ..0"' co .c .c :..: Q) - "' .c "' Q) Q) "' .::it:. >, "C Q) Q) .c "'co,_ u (/) "' r/) .c ,_ ,_ "C,_ I ~ ,_ "' >, LL u ,_ co co (/) X > I ,_ I- I- <( co ,_ Q) Q) z co "' "' - 0 c., co -0 co 0 ,_ co CO.~ (/) ::::, ...J .c .c >, .c "C .c E oi .::it:. "cij"' 0 () (/) Q) E ,_ a: - _"C E r/) ..0 ~ E ,_ ,_ E Q) ,_ "C Q) (/) co ,_ u - ..0 Q) .... - - co co co ::: Ol "' co - -E C "' co co -0 CO 0 -co .... ~- co -co -co Q) Q) co co co - -co co._ - co Q) Q) ::::, co # Marsh Location I- Cf)() en c., en en en () en en en en ~ ~ ~ en Cf) LL 0 ~ en a: en Observations ~

% 75 10 15 - - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe; 447 Cherrystone 1.00 I Inlet zone of saltbushes and meadow grasses along acres 0.7~ 0.10 0.15 - - - upland.

% 5 5 10 - Cherrystone 80 ------Pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh cord- 448 9.1 I Inlet grass; significant stands of black needlerush. acres 7.3 0.5 0.5 0.9 ------

% 85 5 10 - - Intermittent saltmarsh cordgrass dominated 449 Cherrystone 1.9 I Inlet marsh fringe; saltmeadow grasses and salt- acres 1.6 0 .1 0.2 - - bushes along uplands.

% 90 5 5 - 450 Cherry stone 25.0 Wide fringing marsh dominated by saltmarsh I Inlet cordgrass; heavily eroding at south end. acres 22.5 1.2 1.2 -

% 90 10 - Kings Creek - Cove with 5-30 ft. wide fringe of saltmarsh 451 2.0 cordgrass along shoreline; spit with salt- I acres 1.8 - 0.2 - bushes partially across mouth.

% 85 5 10 - - Marsh fringe dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; 452 Kings Creek 1.2 new boat basin dredged across marsh and I acres 1.0 0.1 0 .1 - .. - into upland.

% 85 5 10 - - - Small marsh spit with adjacent pocket marsh Kings Creek I 453 0.90 area; high marsh species on spit with salt- acres 0.76 0.04 0.09 - - - marsh cordgrass dominating pocket area.

% 95 - 2 3 - Cove with saltmarsh cordgrass fringe along 454 Kings Creek 0.80 shoreline; cattails in several small pocket I acres 0.76 - 0.02 0.02 - areas.

111 Section XIII. Cherrystone Inlet (continued)

..c ,._Q) ..c ,._ rn ::::, ::::, Q) ::::, "',._ Q) "',._ ,._ - "'::::, O' C Q) Q) ::::, u 3': (/) rn "' 0. - Q) ..0 0 <( (/) 3': - "O en "'rn "' ..... (l) "O Q) ,._ Q) rn Q) Q) 0 Q) C ..0"' - E ,._ Q) "' 0. ,._ Q) >, Q) ..c O> rn Q) ..c .:£ ..c "' "O "' Q) ..c ="' "'rn,._ >, u en ..c ,._ Q) ,._ "O,._ I ~ ,._ "',._ >, ..c u "',._ "'rn rn > I ..... I- u. n:l I- <( rn ,._ Q) Q) en z -0 >< rn rn"' 0 ,._ "'rn rn .!:!? 0 0 ::::, _J ..c ..c >, ..c "O ..c E en .:£ -~"' 0 () Q) E ,._ a: Q) -rn E en ..0 3': E ,._en en,._ E ...... 0 Q) ,._ "O ,._ - "O,._ "' u ...... Q) ..... - rn == ..... rn rn O> rn - -E C "' rn rn "' 0 rn o -rn ,._ rn rn rn -rn Q) Q) rn rn rn -rn - rn Q) Q) ::::, rn # Marsh Location I- Cl)() Cl) C) Cl) en Cl) () Cl) Cl) Cl) en ~ ~ ~ Cl) Cl)'°·- u. 0 ~ Cl) a: Cl) Observations ~

% 80 5 15 ------Marsh fringe 5-20 ft. wide along length of 455 Kings Creek 1.3 I shoreline; several small marsh spits with acres 1.0 0.1 0.2 ------some high marsh.

% 75 - 10 - 3 2 10 - Pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; Kings Creek 456 3.3 abundant water hemp; several stands of I acres 2.5 - 0.3 - 0.1 0.1 0.3 - cattail.

% 70 5 15 2 2 1 - 5 - Pocket marsh; lower portion mostly saltmarsh 457 Kings Creek 5.5 I cordgrass and marsh hemp; upper portion acres 3.8 0.3 0.8 0.1 0.1 0 .1 - 0.3 - dominated by saltbushes.

% 90 - 10 - - - Marsh fringe dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; Kings Creek 458 0.90 average width 10 ft; includes several small I acres pocket marsh areas. 0.81 - 0.09 - - -

% 90 3 1 3 - - 3 - Kings Creek - Fringe and pocket marsh areas along creek 459 3.2 branch; saltmarsh cordgrass dominates along I acres water with other species towards uplands. 2.9 - 0.1 - 0 .1 - - 0.1 - % Marsh fringe along length of shoreline; 80 5 10 ------5 - includes several pocket and spit areas; salt- 460 Kings Creek 1.3 I marsh cordgrass along creek with other species acres 1.0 0.1 0.1 ------0.1 - along uplands.

% 90 3 4 - 1 - - 1 1 Kings Creek Two pocket marshes dominated by saltmarsh 461 2.1 cordgrass; hibiscus and reed grass at I acres 1.9 0.1 0.1 ------heads of pockets.

% 80 10 10 - - - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated fringe and 462 Kings Creek 3.5 spit marsh; saltmarsh cordgrass dominates I acres along water with high marsh species behind. 2.8 0.4 0.4 - - - -

112 Section XIII. Cherrystone Inlet ( r, mt-;n, p,1)

.c (1).... .c (/) C'(l (/) .... (1) :J (/) :J :J (1) C .... (/) cr ...... - :J C'(l (1) (1) :J (/) u 3: (/) (/) C'(l (/) 0 Q. <(- (1) .0 (/) (/) 3: - "O CD C'(l (1) (/) "O (1) .... (/) (1) (1) (/) (1) 0 (1) C -C'(l E Q) Q. .c (/) Q) >, .c Ol .0 .c .c :..: .... - C'(l .... Q) Q) .::£ >, (/) (/) "O Q) Q) (/) "O (/) (/) >, .c u .... C'(l C'(l (/) .c > .... I ~ I u. u .... Q) (/) .... (/) X C'(l ...... I- ('.) cu I- <( C'(l .... Q) z -0 C'(l 0 C'(l C'O .~- 0 (/) :J ...J .c .c .... >, .c "O .c .::£ C'(l 0 (/) (/) Q) E .._ (/) a: -C'(l E .g E (/) .0 3: E u E _.o Q) "O Q) (/) C'(l u C'(l C'(l ...... C'(l Q) C'(l .... == .... C'(l Ol C'(l C'(l C'(l -E C C'(l C'(l -0 C'(l 0 -C'(l .... ~- -C'(l -C'(l Q) Q) -C'(l - -C'(l C'O ._ - Q) Q) :J # Marsh Location I- (f)U (f) (.'.) (f) CD (f) u (f) (f) (f) CD ~ ~ ~ (f) (f) u. 0 ~ (f) a: (f) Observations ~

% 75 10 15 - - - - - Kings Creek Cove with saltmarsh cordgrass dominated I 463 1.2 fringe around shoreline; two marsh spits at mouth with cordgrass surrounding high acres 0.9 0.1 0.2 - - - - - marsh species.

% 85 10 5 -- - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh formed Kings Creek behind large sand spit at mouth of creek. 464 1. 7 I acres 1.4 0.2 0 .1 - - - -

% 100 - - Scattered patches of saltmarsh cordgrass 465 Cape Charles 1.0 along shoreline that is of predominately I acres sarid beach. 1.0 - - % Total 59 18 21 1 -- -- - 1 ------~63.8 Section XIII acres 214. 9 65.2 74.6 1.9 - 1.4 0.1 - 0.7 4 .1 -- 0.7 - 0.1 - - -

113 Section XIV. Old Plantation, Elliotts Creek

The shoreline within Old Plantation Creek is for the most part bordered by fringe and pocket marsh areas that are vegetated with saltmarsh cordgrass (Type I). Interior sections of the pocket marshes grade to high marsh zones vegetated with saltmeadow grasses (Type II) and saltbushes (Type IV). Many of these pockets also contain stands of cattails that are located in areas where the freshwater supply is adequate. Old Plantation Creek also has several large delta marshes that have formed on sediments deposited just inside its mouth (#471, 472, 501). These are almost completely vegetated with saltmarsh cordgrass. Other than Old Plantation Creek, Elliotts Creek is the only other marsh area found along Northampton County's Bayside shoreline between the City of Cape Chares and Fisherman's Island. The remainder of the shoreline is of sand beach with no marsh present. The marsh within Elliotts Creek consists of two large pocket areas (#503, 504) which fill in most of the two creek branches. These pocket marshes are vegetated with saltmarsh cordgrass, with stands of black needle rush (Type III) and high marsh species found in the upstream sections. A large delta marsh has been formed inside the mouth of the creek (#502) and it is dissected by several, narrow drainage channels. This marsh area is again dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass with high marsh species present only along the upland border.

114 CAPE CHARLES HARBOR .----n.._,-....,

DALBYS

ex- 8 ·+·• SCALE 1 , 2A,000

1000 0 1000 2000 FEET 8 Ls------...... ---4 CHEAPSIDE

- SECTION XIV. OLD PLANTATION CREEK,ELLIOTTS CREEK -Vl Section XIV. Old Plantation, Elliotts Creek

Cl> .c. ..c .... C/J C/J ctl :::J .... :::J Cl> :::J .... C/J Cl> cr C ...... - C/J :::J ctl Cl> Cl> :::J C/J (.) 3 -C/J C/J 0 Q. <( Cl> .0 C/J 3 "'O "'O en ctl C/J ctl C/J Cl> C/J Cl> C .... - E C/J Cl> Cl> C/J Q. Cl> ..c C/J 0 Cl> >, ..c CJ) .0 ctl .c. .... Cl> - Cl> .c. .::£ ctl >, .... C/J C/J "'O Cl> Cl> Cl> C/J =>, ..c u C/J .c. Cl> C/J "'O I ~ C/J u. u ..... I- ..... ctl ctl C/J ..... > ...... I ...... I- cu <( ctl ..... Cl> Cl> z - C/J >< ctl ctl ctl .£!?- 0 0 :::J 0 0 ..c ..c ..... ctl .c. "'O .c. C/J .::£ "cij 0 .....J (.) E ..... >, a: -ctl E .g> E C/J .0 3 E C/J C/J Cl> E _.o Cl> C/J "'O Cl> C/J :!:= ..... ctl :!:= (.) ctl ctl ...... ctl Cl> ctl ..... - ..... ctl - CJ) ctl ctl ctl - -E C ctl ctl -0 ctl 0 -ctl ctl -ctl -ctl Cl> Cl> -ctl - -ctl ctl ·- - Cl> Cl> :::J # Marsh Location I- (f) (.) (f) 0 (f) en (f) (.) (f) (f) (f) en ~ ~ ~ (f) (f) u. 0 ~ (f) a: (f) Observations ~

% Old Plantation 95 5 - - Scattered patches of saltmarsh cordgrass I 466 Creek 2.0 along both creek and bay side of sand spit; scattered high marsh areas. acres 1. 9 0.1 - -

% Plantation 90 5 5 - - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe; Old 0.60 I 467 Creek scattered saltmeadow grasses and saltbushes acres 0.54 0.03 0.03 - - at higher elevations.

% 100 - - Old Plantation 0.80 - - - I 468 Creek Pocket marsh at head of creek branch; almost acres 0.80 -- - - - entirely saltmarsh cordgrass.

% 80 -- 10 10 469 Old Plantation 1.00 I Creek Pocket marsh at head of creek branch; of cattails and reed grass. acres 0.80 - - 0.10 0.10 several patches

% Old Plantation 90 5 5 - - 470 0.60 Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated marsh fringe; I Creek 10-15 ft. average width. acres 0.36 0.03 0.03 - -

% Old Plantation 100 - - - Saltmarsh cordgrass marsh islands at mouth 8.7 I 471 Creek of creek extending over tidal flats. acres 8.7 - - -

Creek marsh of saltmarsh cordgrass; marsh % 95 3 2 - Old Plantation - is dissected by many shallow marsh channels; I 472 Creek 26.6 high marsh along uplands and extending acres 25.3 0.8 0.5 - - into pocket area.

% 75 20 5 - Long marsh fringe along section of shoreline Old Plantation dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass with salt- 473 1.00 I Creek bushes and meadow along upland edge. acres 0.75 0.20 0.05 -

116 Section XIV. Old Plantation Creek, Elliotts Creek (continued)

Q) ..c I- ..c (/) (/) I- cc Q) :::::, (/) :::::, :::::, I- Q) C I- I- (/) :::::, O" - (/J (/) cc Q) Q) :::::, (/) u 3: (/) 0 Q. - Q) .c (/) (/) "O OJ cc <%: Q) 3: (/) "O Q) I- (/) Q) cc Q) C E Q) (/) Q. ..c. (/) 0 Q) >, 0) .c - ..c :..: I- Q) - Q) Q) ..c cc Q) ..c .... (/) (/) "O Q) (/) (/) >, .::s:. cc >, (/) ..c Q) "O (/) ..c I- u I- I- > I- I ~ I- u. u cc cc (/) (/) X I- I I- I- <%: I- Q) Q) z cc .... 0 C, cc cc -0 cc 0 I- cc - (/) :::::, _J ..c ..c cc -~ >, ..c "O ..c .::s:. 0 (/) Q) E ,._ (/) a: E °' E (/) .c 3: cc E u (/) E Q) "O Q) (/) cc I- _.c I- .::: "E u :t:: I- Q) I- cc cc cc O> cc -E C cc cc -0 CC 0 -cc I- ~- cc -cc cc Q) Q) -cc cc cc - -cc cc ·- - cc Q) Q) :::::, cc # Marsh Location I- Cl)U Cl) C, Cl) OJ Cl) u Cl) Cl) Cl) OJ ~ ~ ~ Cl) Cl) u. 0 ~ Cl) a: Cl) Observations ~

% 70 10 15 - - 5 Spit marsh; saltmarsh cordgrass along creek; Old Plantation 1.10 I 474 Creek interior section dominated by high marsh species. acres 0. 77 0.11 0.16 - - 0.06

% 80 10 5 3 2 - - - - Creek marsh dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; Old Plantation 8.4 I 475 Creek patches of needlerush, cattails and reed acres 6.7 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.2 - - - - grass in upper section.

% 90 5 5 - - -- - Old Plantation I 476 Creek 1.5 Small cove with saltmarsh cordgrass around acres shoreline; spit partially across mouth. 1.4 0.1 0.1 - - - - -

% 95 5 - Old Plantation - - I 477 Creek 1. 7 Pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh cord- acres 1.6 - 0.1 -- grass; saltbushes along upland edge.

% Old Plantation 80 10 10 - I 478 0.60 Small spit marsh; mostly saltmarsh cordgrass Creek but with some high marsh areas. acres 0.48 0.06 0.06 -

% 90 5 5 - - - width; saltmarsh Plantation Marsh fringe of 5-15 ft. Old cordgrass predominates with zone of high I 479 Creek 0.60 acres 0.54 0.03 0.03 - - - marsh species along upland.

% 5 - Old Plantation 95 - - I 480 Cr~ek 1. 7 Pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; stands of cattail in interior section. acres 1.6 - - 0.1 -

% 90 5 - 5 - - Marsh fringe formed below dam at head of Old Plantation - I 481 Creek 5.0 creek branch; mostly saltmarsh cordgrass with some cattail. acres 4.5 0.2 - - 0.2 - -

117 Section XIV. Old Plantation Creek, Elliotts Creek (continued)

Cl) .c. ,_ .c. Cl) ,_ ctl Cl) :::, :::, Cl) ,_:::, ,_ .... Cl) Cl) C - Cl) :::, cr ctl Cl) Cl) :::, Cl) 3: Cl) Cl) u - Cl) .0 Cl) 0 a. <( Cl) Cl) Cl) 3: "'O "'O c:c ctl ctl Cl) Cl) C .... r/J Cl) Cl) r/J Cl) 0 Cl) CJ) .0 - E :.=: ,_ Cl) a. ,_ .c. r/J Cl) >, Cl) .c. ctl Cl) .c. .c. ..x:- >, ctl r/J r/J "'O Cl) Cl) r/J "'O Cl) Cl) >, .c. ,_ u ,_ ctl Cl) .c. > .... ,_ I ~ I ,_ LL u I- ctl Cl) .... Cl) .... I- cu <( ctl .... Cl) Cl) z >< ctl ctl ctl .~- 0 c., :::, -0 0 .c. ,_ ctl "'O r/J ...J .c. >, .c. .c. ..x: 0 () Cl) Cl) E .._ CI: Cl) E .g' E r/J .0 3: ctl E ,_Cl) E _.o Cl) r/J "'O r/J ctl :!:: ,_ u ctl ctl .... :!:: .... ctl Cl) ctl .... ctl ctl CJ) ctl ctl ctl -E C ctl ctl -0 ctl 0 -ctl .... -ctl -ctl -ctl Cl) Cl) cti- - ctl ctl ·- - Cl) Cl) :::, # Marsh Location I- Cl)() Cl) c., Cl) c:c Cl) () Cl) Cl) Cl) c:c ~ ~ ~ Cl) Cl) LL 0 ~ Cl) CI: Cl) Observations ~

% 95 5 - - I 482 Old Plantation 1.00 Fringe marsh 5-30 ft. wide; predominately Creek saltmarsh cordgrass. acres 0.95 0.05 - -

% Small cove with fringe and pocket marsh areas Old Plantation 90 5 5 - I 483 0.90 dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; includes Creek adjacent fringing marsh area. acres 0.81 0.04 0.04 -

% 55 15 25 5 - - - Pocket marsh; lower portion dominated by I 484 Old Plantation 2.9 Creek saltmarsh cordgrass; grades back to high acres 1.6 0.4 0.7 0.1 - - - marsh of saltbushes and meadow grasses.

% 60 30 10 - - - Old Plantation saltmarsh cordgrass along water; 0.90 Spit marsh; I 485 Creek grades to high marsh species. acres 0.54 0.27 0.09 - - -

% Marsh fringe dominated by saltmarsh cord- Plantation 90 5 5 - Old average width 10 ft.; includes I 486 Creek 1.10 grass; marsh spit with some high marsh species. acres 0.99 0.06 0.06 - Saltmarsh cordgrass dominated section of % 85 5 5 1 4 - - marsh fringe; includes spit and pocket areas Old Plantation I 487 Creek 2.1 and extends in front of dam, as well as marsh acres 1.8 0.1 0.1 - 0.1 - - spit at front of creek branch.

% 90 5 3 1 1 -- - - Fringe and pocket marsh dominated by salt- Plantation Old hibiscus and cattails found I 488 Creek 5.2 marsh cordgrass; in interior of pocket. acres 5.6 0.3 0.2 ------

% 90 5 5 - Section of shoreline with fringing marsh Old Plantation - I 489 Creek 1.00 dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; includes spit with interior of high marsh species. acres 0.90 - 0.05 0.05 -

118 Section XIV. Old Plantation Creek, Elliotts Creek (continued)

.c Q).... .c (/) rn (/) :::, .... ::::, Q) :::, .... (/) Q) C ...... (/) :::, er Q) Q) :::, (/) () ~ (/) (/) rn Q. - Q) .0 (/) "O en rn (/) 0 <( (/) Q) ~ (/) "O Q) (/) rn Q) C .... - E Q) Q) (/) Q. .c (/) 0 Q) Q) >, .c 0) .0 rn .c .c :.= .... Q) - .... Q) Q) .::i: rn >, (/) (/) "O Q) Q) (/) (/) (/) >, .c - () .._ rn (/) .c > "O I ~ I u. () .... I- rn Q) (/) .... (/) X ...... I- cu <( rn .._ Q) z -0 rn rn 0 rn rn.~- 0 c., (/) ::::, 0 ....J .c .c .... E .._ >, .c a: "O .c E (/) .0 .::i: ·ca (.) (/) (/) CD (/) "O (/) rn .g' E () ~ E E _.o Q) CD .:!:: .... .:!:: rn rn ...... Q) .... - rn 0) rn - -E C rn rn -0 rn o -rn .... rn rn -rn -rn Q) Q) -rn rn rn - -rn rn._ - rn Q) Q) ::::, rn # Marsh Location I- (/) (.) (/) c., (/) en (/) (.) (/) (/) C/') en ~ ~ 3: (/) (/) u. 0 ~ (/) a: (/) Observations ~

% Plantation 90 5 5 - - Fringe marsh dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass; Old I 490 Creek 0.80 average width 10 ft.; high marsh species acres o. 72 0.04 b.04 - - along upland edge.

% Fringe and pocket marsh at head of creek Plantation 80 5 5 5 5 - I 491 Old 7.7 branch; dominated by 1altmarsh cordgrass with Creek stands of cattails and abundant bulrush. acres 6.2 0.4 b.4 0.4 0.4 -

Plantation % 90 5 5 - - Fringe marsh dominated by saltmarsh cord- Old 0.50 492 Creek grass; average width 10 ft.; high marsh I acres 0.45 0.02 b.02 - - species along upland edge.

Old Plantation % 90 5 5 - - - 493 Creek 1.2 Spit marsh of predominately saltmarsh I cordgrass; high marsh species along upland. acres 1.1 0.1 b. l - - -

% 90 5 5 - 494 Olci Plantation 1.8 Creek Marsh fringe along length of shoreline; I includes several small marsh spits. acres 1.6 0.1 IO .1 -

% 85 5 - 10 - - 495 Old Plantation 1.3 Small pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh I Creek cordgrass; significant stand of needlerush. acres 1.1 0.1 - 0.1 - -

% 95 5 - -- - 496 Old Plantation 7.2 - - Pocket marsh at head of creek branch; almost Creek entirely saltmarsh cordgrass with scattered I acres 6.8 - - 0.4 - - - - stands of cattail.

Old Plantation % 90 5 5 - Marsh fringe along section of shoreline; 497 Creek 1.10 average width 15- ft.; saltmarsh cordgrass I acres grades back to high marsh species along 0.99 0.06 0.06 - uplands.

119 Section XIV. Old Plantation Creek, Elliotts Creek (continued)

.c Q)...... c Cl) rn Cl) ..... Q) :::J Cl) :::J :::J ..... Q) C: ...... - Cl) :::J cr Q) Q) :::J Cl) (.) ~ (/) Cl) rn Cl. - Q) .0 (/) 0 Cl) ~ -"O "O Ill rn , Q) .c O'> rn Q) .c ..... - ...... c ~ >, (/) (/) "O Q) Q) Cl) Cl) Cl) =>, .c rn (.) ._ rn Cl) .c ..... > ..... "O I ~ I ..... u. (.) ..... rn Q) Cl) Cl) X ...... I- cu I- 0 .....J .c >, .c "O .c E E Cl) .0 ~ rn E Cl) Cl) Q) E ._ (/) a: "O Q) Cl) -rn _-o (.) ~ u ..... E -.0 Q) - ..... rn rn rn ..... ::t:: ..... rn Q) rn ..... rn - Q) Q) O'> rn rn rn -E C: -0 rn o -rn ._ -rn -rn -rn -rn - rn rn ·- - rn Q) Q) :::J rn # Marsh Location I- enu en c, en Ill en u en en en Ill ~ ~ ~ en en u. 0 ~ en a: en Observations ~

% 95 - - 2 3 - - - - Pocket marsh at head of creek branch; almost Old Plantation entirely saltmarsh cordgrass with scattered 498 Creek 10.0 cattails and bulrush. I acres 9.5 - - 0.2 0.3 - - - -

Old Plantation % 90 5 5 - - Marsh fringe along length of shoreline; 1.10 499 Creek dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass with salt- r· acres ).99 0.06 0.06 - - bushes and meadow along upland.

95 5 Old Plantation % - - - - Fringe and pocket marsh dominated by saltmarsh 500 2.6 Creek cordgrass; high marsh species along upland I acres 2.5 0.1 - - - - and at head of ppcket.

Old Plantation % 98 2 - - - - Creek marsh almost completely of saltmarsh 501 Creek 21.5 cordgrass; some high marsh species along upland I and along sand spit. acres 21.1 0.4 - - - - Marsh dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass formed % 90 3 2 3 - - 2 behind sand berm at mouth o·f creek; high Elliot ts 19.5 l502 Creek marsh species including bulrush along upland I border. acres 17.6 0.6 0.4 0.6 - - Kl .4 Large pocket marsh formed along one branch of Elliot ts % 80 4 2 10 2 1 - - - - 1 creek; dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass with 503 Creek 29.0 stands of needlerush; other species scattered I throughout. acres )3.2 1.2 0.6 2.9 0.6 0.3 - - - - 0.3

% Elliot ts 85 5 3 5 2 - - - - Large pocket marsh with two branches; dominated 504 Creek 37.0 by saltmarsh cordgrass; other species scattered I acres U.4 1.8 1.1 1.8 0.7 - - - - throughout.

% Total 89 4 3 3 - 1 - - 1 ------Section XIV. 219.3 acres l95.2 8.7 5.6 5.7 - 2.9 0.15 - 1.5 - - - - 0~06 0.4

120 Section XIV. Old Plantation Creek, Elliotts Creek (continued)

.c Q).... .c en C'tl en :::J .... ::, Q) :::J en Q) .... O" C: ...... - en :::J C'tl Q) Q) :::J en (.) 3: en en 0 a. <(- Q) .0 en 3: "'O "'O en C'tl en en Q) en Q) .... en Q) C'tl Q) Q) 0 Q) C: .0 - E Q) en a...... c en Q) >. Q) .c O> C'tl Q) .c .c == .... .::t:.- Q) C'tl >. (.) en en -o en .c Q) en "'O I ~ en en >. .c (.) ...... C'tl C'tl Q) .... X > ...... I .... I- u.. C'tl I- <( C'tl .... en z en C'tl C'tl C'tl .... - 0 en :::J 0 ...I .c .c .... .c "'O .c E o, .0 .::t:. ·cu E (.) en (l) E ._ >. a: "'O (l) C'tl C'tl C'tl -E C: C'tl -0 C'tl 0 C'tl .... C'tl -C'tl -C'tl (l) (l) -C'tl - C'tl C'tl ·- (l) (l) :::J C'tl # Marsh Location I- (/') (.) (/')

Total % 90 2 1 - 7 ------Ocean Side 36220. 'l Sections I-XIII acres 32681 650.'.: 377 .6 75.~ 2368. 3.8 47.2 3.4 - - 1.1 - 5.1 - -

Total % 59 10 16 9 - 3 - - - 2 ------Bay Side 1404.9 Section IX-XIII acres 835.9 141. C 217.8 126 .a - 37.5 0.3 - 5.0 32.8 4.2 1.8 2.5 - 0.2 - -- 0.5

Total % 89 2 2 1 6 ------Northampton 37625.2 County acres 33522 792 .~ 595A 201A 2368. 41.3 47.5 3.4 5.0 t32.8 4.2 1.8 2.5 - 1.3 - - 5.1 0.5 -

121 INDEX TO MARSH LOCATIONS

Page Page Barlow Creek ...... 97,100 69,77 Holt Neck 25,27 Bayford ...... Horse Isla~d·::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Big Creek Marsh ...... 42,43,47 79,84 Big Easter Marsh ...... 30,31,34 Hungars Beach ...... 96,97,101 Black Rock Channel ...... 43,46 Hungars Creek ...... 86,87,89-92,94,95 Box Tree Creek ...... 25,27 Indiantown Creek 25,27 Jacobus Creek · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 87,92-94 Brick House Neck ...... 10,11,17 Johnson Cove · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Bridgetown ...... 87,91 ...... 57,60,61 Brockenberry Bay ...... 24,25,28 Kelley Cove ...... 69,71 Cape Charles ...... 52-55 Killmon Cove 63,64 Cape Charles City ...... 105,113 Kings Creek . : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 105,111-113 10,11,17 Kitts Creek ...... 11,18 Castle Ridge Creek ...... Little Cobb Island Cherrystone Inlet ...... 104,105,107,108,110,lll 30,31,35 Chesapeake Bay ...... 63,64 Little Easter Marsh·:::::: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 30,31,34 79,81,82,83 Loon Channel 31,35 Church Creek ...... Machipongo Ri · : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 10,11,13-15 Cobb Mill Creek ...... 25,28 ;~~ 30,31,35 Magothy Bay ...... 36,37,39,48,52-54 Cobb Is land ...... Main Ship Shoal Channel ...... 36,37,41 Concord Wharf ...... 57,60 10,11,18 Man and Boy Marsh ...... 42,43,45 Crabbing Marsh ...... Marion Scott Cove ...... 37,39 Ebb Stake Marsh ...... 11,18 Masden Gut 87,94 Eckichy Marsh ...... 24,25,29 Mattawoman 96-100 21,22 C;~~k·::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Egging Marsh ...... Mill Creek ...... 11,17 Elkins Marsh ...... 24,25,28,29 Mill Creek 53,54 Elliotts Creek ...... 114,115,120 ...... 105,109,110 Mill Creek ...... 105,110 Eyrehall Creek ...... Mink Island ...... 42,43,47 Eyreville Creek ...... 105,109 Mitt igy Channe 1 ...... 31,34 57,59 Fisher Cove ...... Mockhorn Bay ...... 37-39 Fishermans Island ...... 52,53,55 10,11,17 Mockhorn Channe 1 ...... 37-40 Fowling Point ...... Mockhorn Island 36,37,40,41 42,43,46 Godwin Is land ...... Morley's Wharf . : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 57,59 Greens Creek ...... 11,14 30,31,33,34 Mt . Airy Cove ...... 57,60 Gull Marsh ...... Myrtle Island ...... 42,43,46 High Shoal Marsh ...... 21,22 21,22 Nassawadox Creek ...... 62,63,65,66,69,71-74,79,8 Hodges Narrows ...... New Inlet ...... •.. 43,45 Hog Island ...... 20-23 10,20-23 New Marsh ...... 37,40 Hog Island Bay ...... Occohannock Creek ...... 56-61 Ho 11y Grove Cove ...... 69,73,74 24,25,27 Occohannock Neck ...... 63,65-67,69,71 Holt Creek ...... Old Castle Creek ...... 105,108

122 INDEX TO MARSH LOCATIONS

Page Old Plantation Creek ...... 114-120 Old Town Neck ...... 97, 101 Outlet Marsh ...... 24, 25, 29 Oyster ...... 37, 38 Paraplane Cove ...... 87, 90 Parchaby Tump ...... 30,31,34 Parting Creek ...... 10, 11, 13 Phillips Creek ...... 10, 11, 16 Powell's Channel ...... 11, 18 Racoon Creek ...... 52, 53, 55 Racoon Island ...... 52-54 Ramshorn Bay ...... 24, 25, 29 Ramshorn Channel ...... 24, 25, 28 Red Bank Creek ...... 11, 16, 17 Remus Creek ...... 105, 107 Rogue Island ...... 20,21,23 Sand Shoal Channel ...... 37 ,40 Ship Shoal Is land ...... 42, 43, 46 Short Prong Marsh ...... 10,11,18,19 Skidmore Island ...... 52-54 Smith Island ...... 42,48,49,50 South Bay ...... 43, 45 Taylor Creek ...... 25, 27 The Gu 1 f ...... 9 6 , 9 7 , 101 , 10 2 , 10 3 The Hammocks ...... 10,11,15,16 The Thorofare ...... 25, 27, 28 Thomas Creek ...... 25, 28 Upshur Creek ...... 11, 14, 15 Vaucluse Neck ...... 86, 8 7, 89 Warehouse Creek ...... 69, 7 5, 76 Webbs Island ...... 11,18 Wescoat Cove ...... 105,107 Westcott Cove ...... 57, 58 Westerhouse Creek ...... 79,84,85 Willis Wharf ...... 11, 13 Wreck Island ...... 42, 43, 45

123