“Allo Illustre, E Molto Magnifico M. Alessandro De' Medici (...)”, Firenze
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Giovanni Battista Braccelli's Etched Devotions Before the Vatican
Giovanni Battista Braccelli’s Etched Devotions before the Vatican Bronze Saint Peter Erin Giffin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany IN THE MID-SEVENTEENTH CENTURY, the artist Giovanni Battista Braccelli (ca. 1584–1650) created an etching of the bronze Saint Peter cult statue at the Vat- ican surrounded by devotees and votives (fig. 1).1 This previously unpublished print, titled The Bronze Saint Peter with Votives, offers a detailed representation of the devotional object in its early modern location (figs. 2–3): against the northeast pier of the crossing of Saint Peter’s Basilica, where Pope Paul V Borghese (r. 1605– 21) had installed it on May 29, 1620 (still in situ today). The print details a group of early modern visitors gathered around the sculpture—well-dressed men, women, and children to the left of the composition, and an assortment of humbler lay and religious personages to the right. At the center, two pilgrims with walking sticks in hand and broad-brimmed hats slung over their shoulders approach the foot of the sculpted Saint Peter with great reverence. The first of the two bows down to touch the top of his head to the underside of the sculpted foot in an act of extreme humility, bracing himself against the sculpture’s base as the crowd looks on with approval. Emanating up from the devotees, a series of ex-voto offerings blanket the flanking pilasters of Saint Peter’s. One can make out the barest references of standard votive imagery and objects on the sketchily rendered plaques—kneel- ing figures and canopied beds before floating apparitions—accompanied by Contact Erin Giffin at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (erin.giffin@kunstgeschichte .uni-muenchen.de). -
View / Open Whitford Kelly Anne Ma2011fa.Pdf
PRESENT IN THE PERFORMANCE: STEFANO MADERNO’S SANTA CECILIA AND THE FRAME OF THE JUBILEE OF 1600 by KELLY ANNE WHITFORD A THESIS Presented to the Department of Art History and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts December 2011 THESIS APPROVAL PAGE Student: Kelly Anne Whitford Title: Present in the Performance: Stefano Maderno’s Santa Cecilia and the Frame of the Jubilee of 1600 This thesis has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts degree in the Department of Art History by: Dr. James Harper Chairperson Dr. Nicola Camerlenghi Member Dr. Jessica Maier Member and Kimberly Andrews Espy Vice President for Research & Innovation/Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded December 2011 ii © 2011 Kelly Anne Whitford iii THESIS ABSTRACT Kelly Anne Whitford Master of Arts Department of Art History December 2011 Title: Present in the Performance: Stefano Maderno’s Santa Cecilia and the Frame of the Jubilee of 1600 In 1599, in commemoration of the remarkable discovery of the incorrupt remains of the early Christian martyr St. Cecilia, Cardinal Paolo Emilio Sfondrato commissioned Stefano Maderno to create a memorial sculpture which dramatically departed from earlier and contemporary monuments. While previous scholars have considered the influence of the historical setting on the conception of Maderno’s Santa Cecilia, none have studied how this historical moment affected the beholder of the work. In 1600, the Church’s Holy Year of Jubilee drew hundreds of thousands of pilgrims to Rome to take part in Church rites and rituals. -
San Giovanni in Laterano
(003/29) San Giovanni in Laterano St. John at the Lateran Piazza di San Giovanni Laterano (003/29) The official name is Archbasilica of the Most Holy Saviour and Sts. John the Baptist and the Evangelist at the Lateran, Cathedral of Rome, Mother and Head of all churches (003/29) History: On the façade, an inscription proclaims that this is SACROSANCTA LATERANENSIS ECCLESIA OMNIUM URBIS ET ORBIS ECCLESIARUM MATER ET CAPUT, "The Most Holy Lateran Church, Mother and Mistress of all churches of the city and the World". It is the first cathedral of Rome, where Emperor Constantine allowed the Pope to set up the episcopal chair after 312. The first mention in ancient sources is from 313, when a consistory of bishops was held in domum Faustae in Laterano. This refers to Fausta, Constantine's second wife, who was a convert. It is the first church not only in Rome but in the Christian world. The Popes lived in the Lateran palace until Clement V (1305-1314) transferred the papal seat to Avignon. After the return of the Pope to Rome in 1377, the Vatican palace was chosen as the papal residence. In this area, once stood a palace belonged to the Laterani family. Their house stood near the Basilica, probably towards the current Via Amba Aradam, and covered the entire land area that also includes the current basilica area. According to the "Annals" of Tacitus in 65 A.D. the palace and land was confiscated by the Emperor Nero, as Plautius Lateran, appointed consul for the year 65, conspired against the emperor himself in the conspiracy called the "Pisoni". -
053-Santa Prassede All'esquilino
(053/18) Santa Prassede all'Esquilino Interior of Santa Prassede Santa Prassede is a a 9th century minor basilica located near the major basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore in the rione Esquilino. The dedication is to St Praxedes. The patron saint of this church is one of those at Rome, the biographies of whom are now completely lost. The revised Roman martyrology now simply lists her as the person to whom the church is dedicated. A romantic legend of the 6th century, which may possibly preserve the names of real people, describes St Pudens as a Roman senator who gave hospitality to St Peter. He had two virgin daughters who were martyred, Sts. Pudentiana and Praxedis; the former has the nearby church of Santa Pudenziana dedicated to her. Santa Prassede used this church to hide the Christians persecuted by the then Emperor Antoninus Pius, providing for the burial of the martyrs at the Priscilla Cemetery, the catacombs of Santa Priscilla on the Via Salaria. In this Cemetery, Santa Prassede herself was buried with her sister and then returned to her church rebuilt by Pasquale I. [1] [2] The existence of the martyr daughters is historically extremely problematic. Pudens himself has been deleted from the revised Roman martyrology. The most recent scholarly consensus on who Praxedis really was, concludes that she was probably a lady who donated property for the foundation of the original church, or money for the purpose. [1] [a] History The Basilica of Santa Prassede stands on the ancient Clivus Suburanus, not far from Santa Maria Maggiore. This church is the most complete monument of the Carolingian Renaissance, when the papacy aspired to revive the glories of Canstantine's Christian empire. -
View / Open Phillips Oregon 0171N 12216.Pdf
NOT DEAD BUT SLEEPING: RESURRECTING NICCOLÒ MENGHINI’S SANTA MARTINA by CAROLINE ANNE CYNTHIA PHILLIPS A THESIS Presented to the Department of the History of Art and Architecture and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts June 2018 THESIS APPROVAL PAGE Student: Caroline Anne Cynthia Phillips Title: Not Dead but Sleeping: Resurrecting Niccolò Menghini’s Santa Martina This thesis has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts degree in the Department of the History of Art and Architecture by: Dr. James Harper Chair Dr. Maile Hutterer Member Dr. Derek Burdette Member and Sara D. Hodges Interim Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded June 2018 ii © 2018 Caroline Anne Cynthia Phillips iii THESIS ABSTRACT Caroline Anne Cynthia Philips Master of Arts Department of the History of Art and Architecture June 2018 Title: Not Dead but Sleeping: Resurrecting Niccolò Menghini’s Santa Martina Niccolò Menghini’s marble sculpture of Santa Martina (ca. 1635) in the Church of Santi Luca e Martina in Rome belongs to the seventeenth-century genre of sculpture depicting saints as dead or dying. Until now, scholars have ignored the conceptual and formal concerns of the S. Martina, dismissing it as derivative of Stefano Maderno’s Santa Cecilia (1600). This thesis provides the first thorough examination of Menghini’s S. Martina, arguing that the sculpture is critically linked to the Post-Tridentine interest in the relics of early Christian martyrs. -
089-Gesu All'argentina
(089/42) Chiesa del Santissimo Nome di Gesù all'Argentina (Il Gesù) . The Church of the Gesù is the mother church of the Society of Jesus, also known as the Jesuits. Officially named Chiesa del Santissimo Nome di Gesù all'Argentina, its façade is the first truly baroque façade. The church served as model for innumerable Jesuit churches all over the world, especially in the Americas. The Church of the Gesù is located in the Piazza del Gesù in Rome. First conceived in 1551 by Saint Ignatius of Loyola, the founder of the Jesuits Society of Jesus, and active during the Protestant Reformation and the subsequent Catholic Counter-Reformation, the Gesù was also the home of the Superior General of the Society of Jesus until the suppression of the order in 1773. History Since 1541 the Jesuits had officiated in the small church of Santa Maria della Strada, also known as Santa Maria degli Astalli, adjoining the house in which St. Ignatius de Loyola lived, which soon proved to be too small. St. Ignatius wished to build a new, larger church on the spot and to dedicate it, as he had his order, the the Name of Jesus. Although Michelangelo offered to design the church for free, the endeavor was funded by Alessandro Cardinal Farnese, grandson of Pope Paul III who had authorized the founding of the (089/42) Society of Jesus, in 1561. Ultimately, the main architects involved in the construction were Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, architect of the Farnesi, Giovanni Tristani S.J., and Giacomo della Porta. Construction began in 1568 after the design of Vignola who raised its walls to the height of the cornice, and finished by a Jesuit architect, Giovanni de Rosis, assisted by della Porta, who designed the façade, intervened actively in the construction of the cross-vault, dome, and apse. -
Cultural Exchange, Brokerage Networks, and Social Representation
Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/32883 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation. Author: Goudriaan, Elisa Johanna Title: The cultural importance of Florentine patricians. Cultural exchange, brokerage networks, and social representation in early modern Florence and Rome (1600-1660) Issue Date: 2015-04-30 Patricians as patrons and collectors 109 3 Patricians as patrons and collectors during the reigns of Ferdinand I, Cosimo II, the regents and Ferdinand II de’ Medici Introduction In this chapter we show the versatile patronage of some important patrician families in the period 1600-1650 (although the first major commission started as early as 1581). Until now, the patronage characteristics of different patrician families in the first half of the seventeenth century have never been compared with each other. Thus this analysis, based on the excellent studies of individual patrician families by other researchers, shows how they took example from each other and from members of other Italian elite groups, underlines their joint cultural aspirations, and reveals the development in represented themes over time due to transformations in social aspirations. For the first time an overall picture is given of patrician patronage and collecting in this period. 3.1 Patricians as patrons and collectors during the reigns of ferdinand I and Cosimo II de’ Medici We start by outlining the characteristics of the commissions of four important patricians during the reigns of Ferdinand I and Cosimo II de’ Medici at the be- 110 Chapter Three ginning of the seventeenth century: Giovanni Niccolini and Piero Guicciardini (the ambassadors whose diplomatic activities we analyzed in the previous chap- ter), Michelangelo Buonarroti the Younger, and Niccolò dell’Antella. -
118-San Giovanni Battista Dei Fiorentini
(118/32) San Giovanni Battista dei Fiorentini San Giovanni Battista dei Fiorentini is a 17th century minor basilica, parish and titular church dedicated to St John the Baptist, and situated at Via Acciaioli 2, which is at the north end of the Via Giulia in the rione Ponte. It is also the regional church for expatriates from Florence. It is more commonly known as San Giovanni dei Fiorentini. (1) History Pope Julius II ordered the Via Giulia to be cut through the network of filthy alleys between Via di Monserrat and the river in order to relieve dangerous congestion caused by crowds of pilgrims, and this was opened in 1508. A group of Florentine expatriates, including the Florentine Pope Leo X de Medici, decided to build a magnificent church on a prime site at the north end of the new street. Jacopo Sansovino won the competition to design it, against competitors like Raphael, Giuliano da Sangallo and Baldassare Peruzzi. He started building in 1519, but ran into serious trouble with the foundations at the river end. He was trying to build on an old sandbank, and the logistics overwhelmed him. He was dismissed in favor of Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, a military engineer as well as an architect, who succeeded with the foundations but did not manage to complete the church. Construction ground to a halt by the time of the Sack of Rome in 1527. (1) (g) Attempts to build a church on the designs of Michelangelo were carried out 1559-62 but failed. Vasari in 1568 reported that the fabric stood only “long arm above the water”. -
San Giovanni in Fonte
San Giovanni in Fonte San Giovanni in Fonte (also known as the Lateran Baptistery) is an early Christian baptistery located next to St. John Lateran and the Lateran Palace in Rome. In the early Church, baptism was usually given by the bishops in an annual ceremony during the Easter Vigil. In Rome, this was done in the baptistery of this church, which was dedicated to St John the Baptist. This was the first structure built for this specific purpose in Rome. In the first centuries of Christianity, those being received into the Church were baptized by triple immersion, in honor of the Blessed Trinity, in the pool in the Baptistery. Also known as San Giovanni in Fonte. [B2] [Bd] History The construction is thought to have taken place after that of the basilica, between 320 and 330. A mediaeval legend, narrated in the Liber Pontificalis, claimed that the emperor Constantine was baptized here by Pope Sylvester. This is not true; the Church historian Eusebius wrote that Constantine was baptized on his deathbed at Nicomedia near Constantinople by his namesake Eusebius of Nicomedia. [B1] The foundation of the present baptistery has been argued over by scholars to the present day. Archaeologists working from 1925 to 1929 found that the octagonal walls stand on a circular foundation plinth. The latest consensus is that the present octagonal structure is Constantinian and that Pope Sixtus only altered the interior arrangements as part of a major refit that also involved the side-chapels added by his successors. [B1] Emperor Constantine had installed a porphyry font with seven silver deer pouring water out of their mouths, also an image of the Lamb of God in gold and images of Christ and St John the Baptist in silver. -
Art and Jesuit Patronage in Colonial Quito
ART AND JESUIT PATRONAGE IN COLONIAL QUITO: THE PROPHET PAINTINGS AT THE CHURCH OF LA COMPAÑÍA by Isabel Oleas-Mogollón A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Art History Summer 2018 © 2018 Isabel Oleas-Mogollón All Rights Reserved ART AND JESUIT PATRONAGE IN COLONIAL QUITO: THE PROPHET PAINTINGS AT THE CHURCH OF LA COMPAÑÍA by Isabel Oleas-Mogollón Approved: __________________________________________________________ Lawrence Nees, Ph.D. Chair of the Department of Art History Approved: __________________________________________________________ George Watson, Ph.D. Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences Approved: __________________________________________________________ Douglas J. Doren, Ph.D. Interim Vice Provost for Graduate and Professional Education I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ Mónica Domínguez Torres, Ph.D. Professor in charge of dissertation I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ H. Perry Chapman, Ph.D. Member of dissertation committee I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ David M. Stone, Ph.D. Member of dissertation committee I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. -
San Giovanni in Fonte
San Giovanni in Fonte San Giovanni in Fonte (also known as the Lateran Baptistery) is an early Christian baptistery located next to St. John Lateran and the Lateran Palace in Rome. In the early Church, baptism was usually given by the bishops in an annual ceremony during the Easter Vigil. In Rome, this was done in the baptistery of this church, which was dedicated to St John the Baptist. This was the first structure built for this specific purpose in Rome. In the first centuries of Christianity, those being received into the Church were baptized by triple immersion, in honor of the Blessed Trinity, in the pool in the Baptistery. Also known as San Giovanni in Fonte. [B2] [Bd] History The construction is thought to have taken place after that of the basilica, between 320 and 330. A mediaeval legend, narrated in the Liber Pontificalis, claimed that the emperor Constantine was baptized here by Pope Sylvester. This is not true; the Church historian Eusebius wrote that Constantine was baptized on his deathbed at Nicomedia near Constantinople by his namesake Eusebius of Nicomedia. [B1] The foundation of the present baptistery has been argued over by scholars to the present day. Archaeologists working from 1925 to 1929 found that the octagonal walls stand on a circular foundation plinth. The latest consensus is that the present octagonal structure is Constantinian and that Pope Sixtus only altered the interior arrangements as part of a major refit that also involved the side-chapels added by his successors. [B1] Emperor Constantine had installed a porphyry font with seven silver deer pouring water out of their mouths, also an image of the Lamb of God in gold and images of Christ and St John the Baptist in silver. -
San Giovanni Battista Dei Fiorentini
(118/32) San Giovanni Battista dei Fiorentini San Giovanni Battista dei Fiorentini is a 17th century minor basilica, parish and titular church dedicated to St John the Baptist, and situated at Via Acciaioli 2, which is at the north end of the Via Giulia in the rione Ponte. It is also the regional church for expatriates from Florence. It is more commonly known as San Giovanni dei Fiorentini. (1) History Pope Julius II ordered the Via Giulia to be cut through the network of filthy alleys between Via di Monserrat and the river in order to relieve dangerous congestion caused by crowds of pilgrims, and this was opened in 1508. A group of Florentine expatriates, including the Florentine Pope Leo X de Medici, decided to build a magnificent church on a prime site at the north end of the new street. Jacopo Sansovino won the competition to design it, against competitors like Raphael, Giuliano da Sangallo and Baldassare Peruzzi. He started building in 1519, but ran into serious trouble with the foundations at the river end. He was trying to build on an old sandbank, and the logistics overwhelmed him. He was dismissed in favor of Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, a military engineer as well as an architect, who succeeded with the foundations but did not manage to complete the church. Construction ground to a halt by the time of the Sack of Rome in 1527. (1) (g) Attempts to build a church on the designs of Michelangelo were carried out 1559-62 but failed. Vasari in 1568 reported that the fabric stood only “long arm above the water”.