DOCSLIB.ORG

Giulinomeghan.Pdf (2.4MB)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Giulinomeghan.Pdf (2.4MB) TAKING DEMOCRACY TO THE STREETS: CONTENTIOUS POLITICS AND THE RISE OF ANTI-NEOLIBERALISM IN BOLIVIA A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the degree requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Government By Meghan E. Giulino, M.A. Washington, DC August 27, 2009 Copyright 2009 by Meghan E. Giulino All Rights Reserved ii TAKING DEMOCRACY TO THE STREETS: CONTENTIOUS POLITICS AND THE RISE OF ANTI-NEOLIBERALISM IN BOLIVIA Meghan E. Giulino, M.A. Thesis Advisor: John Bailey, Ph.D. ABSTRACT The Andean country of Bolivia holds a dubious distinction as one of the most politically unstable countries in the world. Throughout its 184-year history, it has had 82 different rulers or ruling coalitions, and heads of state have routinely arrived at the highest office in the land via coups, counter-coups, revolts, and popular protests. From 1985 until 2003 Bolivia appeared to buck this trend with five consecutive free and openly contested elections. However, in the year 2000, symptoms of its chronic instability once again resurfaced as citizens took to the streets to protest the neoliberal economic policies put in place over the previous decade and a half. A five-year period of sustained defiance culminated with landslide victories for anti-neoliberal political parties, and most notably the election of President Evo Morales and his political party MAS. This dissertation asks: What is the relation between acts of contentious politics and electoral outcomes? Using quantitative and qualitative analysis, I argue that expressions of contentious politics have a strong and statistically significant effect on the election of anti-neoliberal politicians and parties. I argue that these informal expressions of defiance both provide movement leaders with practical lessons for their candidacies and transform the ways in which voters conceptualize elections and their role in them. Staging acts of contentious politics, though, is not a sufficient condition in guaranteeing electoral success. Rather, some long-standing conditions make certain movements more successful at the polls than others. In this dissertation, I contrast the iii electoral success of the cocaleros in the department of Cochabamba with the comparatively weak performance of the kataristas in the department of La Paz. I argue that the coca growers’ union provided them with material and organizational resources that gave them distinct advantages on election day. In contrast, the absence of union networks among the kataristas inhibited their success. I conclude by examining two prolonged periods of social unrest: the Water War in Cochabamba (2000) and the Gas War in La Paz (2003). I use these events to illustrate the potent ways that contentious politics aids in the development of influential and highly competitive anti-neoliberal political parties. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation would not have been possible without the support of many different individuals and institutions. The contributions of my committee, consisting of John Bailey, Marc Howard, and Mark Rom, greatly improved the quality of this work; any shortcomings within it are mine alone. I am truly fortunate to have mentors that so easily dispensed sound advice, good judgment, patience, and encouragement throughout the process. I am indebted to Georgetown University for financial support through all stages of my doctoral studies. Fieldwork was accomplished through the generosity of the Cosmos Club Foundation of Washington, DC and the Harry S. Truman Foundation. The American Association of University Women (AAUW) provided crucial assistance in the final year of writing through the American Fellows program. I thank all of the above for their confidence in me and my work. I would like to offer sincere thanks to my family and friends, without whom this project would have never come to fruition. If I were to name everyone individually who offered assistance, this dissertation would quickly double in length. Suffice to say, I could have never done this alone. Special thanks are due to my colleagues at Georgetown, the Ilijic and Davila families in Bolivia, and the many people in DC and elsewhere who have made the last several years rewarding and—dare I say it—enjoyable. Finally, I would like to thank my family for their unflinching support and characteristic good humor. I am so happy that we can celebrate this achievement together. v TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables …………………………………………………………………………...vii List of Figures…………………………………………………………………………..viii Abbreviations and Acronyms………………………………………………………….....ix Chapter 1 Introduction: Contentious Politics and the Rise of Anti-neoliberalism in Bolivia …………………………………………..…1 Chapter 2 The State of Democracy in Bolivia: Theory and Practice……………….25 Chapter 3 From Contentious Movements to Anti-regime Parties: A Statistical Analysis…………………………………………………….63 Chapter 4 Cochabamba: The Electoral Success of the Cocaleros…………………..87 Chapter 5 La Paz: The Limited Success of the Kataristas…………………………147 Chapter 6 The Water War: Cochabambinos Challenge Neoliberalism……………189 Chapter 7 The Gas War: The End of Pacted Democracy in Bolivia………………214 Chapter 8 Conclusion: Widening the Scope of Analysis………………………….253 Appendix …………………………………………………………………………..275 Sources Consulted………..……………………………………………………………..277 vi LIST OF TABLES 2.1 Presidents of Bolivia (1982-2005)……………………………………………….41 2.2 School attendance rates for indigenous and non-indigenous, by sex…………….55 2.3 Illiteracy rates for indigenous and non-indigenous, by sex……………………...55 3.1 Percept support for anti-regime candidates, by department and election year…..68 3.2 Summary statistics for dependent variable………………………………………68 3.3 Total social mobilizations per year, by department (1995-2005)………………..69 3.4 Summary statistics for independent variable…………………………………….70 3.5 Unstandardized coefficients for the fixed effects model………………………...77 3.6 Unstandardized coefficients for the random effects model……………………...78 3.7 Unstandardized coefficients of departments for constrained linear regression model…………………………………………………………………84 4.1 Land use in Bolivia (1950)………………………………………………………97 4.2 The effects of agrarian reform in Bolivia………………………………………110 4.3 Departmental support for anti-systemic candidates (1985)…………………….144 4.4 Decline in support for MNR by department (1985-2005)……………………...144 4.5 Support for anti-systemic parties in western bloc (1985, 2005)………………..145 5.1 Haciendas in La Paz (1786-1797)………………………………………………151 5.2 Party affiliations: Chamber of Deputies (2005)………………………………...177 5.3 The legacy of haciendas on indigenous identity………………………………..180 6.1 Population density of Bolivia’s departments….………………………………..193 6.2 The performance of ECP/IU/MAS in Cochabamba in general elections………199 6.3 Support for political system, by department……………………………………208 6.4 Electoral support for ADN in general elections (1997, 2002)………………….209 6.5 General election results in Cochabamba (1985-2005)………………………….210 7.1 1989 general election results, department of La Paz…………………………...223 7.2 Results of 2005 general election………………………………………………..240 7.3 Voter turnout in general elections (1985-2005)……………………………...…242 8.1 GDP per capita in each of Bolivia’s departments (1995-2005)………………...258 8.2 Contentious politics and the rise of anti-neoliberal politicians…………………265 vii LIST OF FIGURES 3.1 Scatterplot of support for anti-regime candidates by social mobilization……….71 3.2 Residuals plotted by election year……………………………………………….81 3.3 Residual values plotted by department…………………………………………..83 viii ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ADN Acción Democrática Nacional (National Democratic Action) Alianza PAIS Alianza Patria Altiva I Soberana (Proud and Sovereign Fatherland Alliance) ASP Asamblea de la Soberanía de los Pueblos (Assembly for the Sovereignty of the Peoples) CIDOB Confederación Indígena del Oriente Boliviano (Indigenous Confederation of Eastern Bolivia) CNCB Confederación Nacional de Colonizadores de Bolivia (National Confederation of Bolivian Colonizers) CNE Corte Nacional Electoral (National Electoral Court) CNTCB Confederación Nacional de Trabajadores Campesinos de Bolivia (National Confederation of Bolivian Peasant Workers) COB Central Obrera Boliviana (Bolivian Workers Central) COMIBOL Corporación Minera de Bolivia (Mining Corporation of Bolivia) COR Central Obrera Regional (Regional Workers Central) CONDEPA Conciencia de Patria (Conscience of the Fatherland) CSCB Confederación Sindical de Colonos Bolivianos (Sindical Confederation of Bolivian Colonists) CSUTCB Confederación Sindical Unica de Trabajadores Campesinos de Bolivia (Unitary Sindical Confederation of Peasant Workers of Bolivia) DIRECO Dirección de Reconversión de La Coca (Administration of Conversion of Coca) ECM Error Component Model ECP Eje de Convergencia Patriótico (Axis of Patriotic Convergence) EGTK Ejército Guerrillero Túpac Katari (Túpac Katari Guerrilla Army) ELN Ejército de Liberación Nacional (National Liberation Army) FDI Foreign Direct Investment FEJUVE Federación de Juntas Vecinales (Federation of Neighborhood Councils) FEM Fixed Effects Model FP Federación Provincial (Provincial Federation) FRI Frente Revolucionario de Izquierda (Revolutionary Front of the Left) GDP Gross Domestic Product IMF International Monetary Fund IPSP Instrumento Político para la Soberanía de los Pueblos (Political Instrument for the Sovereignty of the Peoples) INE Instituto Nacional de Estadística (National Statistics Institute)
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Línea Base De Conocimientos Sobre Los Recursos Hidrológicos E Hidrobiológicos En El Sistema TDPS Con Enfoque En La Cuenca Del Lago Titicaca ©Roberthofstede
    Línea base de conocimientos sobre los recursos hidrológicos e hidrobiológicos en el sistema TDPS con enfoque en la cuenca del Lago Titicaca ©RobertHofstede Oficina Regional para América del Sur La designación de entidades geográficas y la presentación del material en esta publicación no implican la expresión de ninguna opinión por parte de la UICN respecto a la condición jurídica de ningún país, territorio o área, o de sus autoridades, o referente a la delimitación de sus fronteras y límites. Los puntos de vista que se expresan en esta publicación no reflejan necesariamente los de la UICN. Publicado por: UICN, Quito, Ecuador IRD Institut de Recherche pour Le Développement. Derechos reservados: © 2014 Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza y de los Recursos Naturales. Se autoriza la reproducción de esta publicación con fines educativos y otros fines no comerciales sin permiso escrito previo de parte de quien detenta los derechos de autor con tal de que se mencione la fuente. Se prohíbe reproducir esta publicación para venderla o para otros fines comerciales sin permiso escrito previo de quien detenta los derechos de autor. Con el auspicio de: Con la colaboración de: UMSA – Universidad UMSS – Universidad Mayor de San André Mayor de San Simón, La Paz, Bolivia Cochabamba, Bolivia Citación: M. Pouilly; X. Lazzaro; D. Point; M. Aguirre (2014). Línea base de conocimientos sobre los recursos hidrológicos en el sistema TDPS con enfoque en la cuenca del Lago Titicaca. IRD - UICN, Quito, Ecuador. 320 pp. Revisión: Philippe Vauchel (IRD), Bernard Francou (IRD), Jorge Molina (UMSA), François Marie Gibon (IRD). Editores: UICN–Mario Aguirre; IRD–Marc Pouilly, Xavier Lazzaro & DavidPoint Portada: Robert Hosfstede Impresión: Talleres Gráficos PÉREZ , [email protected] Depósito Legal: nº 4‐1-196-14PO, La Paz, Bolivia ISBN: nº978‐99974-41-84-3 Disponible en: www.uicn.org/sur Recursos hidrológicos e hidrobiológicos del sistema TDPS Prólogo Trabajando por el Lago Más… El lago Titicaca es único en el mundo.
    [Show full text]
  • Turning Over a New Leaf: Regional Applicability of Innovative Drug Crop Control Policy in the Andes
    TURNING OVER A NEW LEAF: REGIONAL APPLICABILITY OF INNOVATIVE DRUG CROP CONTROL POLICY IN THE ANDES Thomas Grisaffi, The University of Reading Linda Farthing, The Andean Information Network Kathryn Ledebur, The Andean Information Network Maritza Paredes, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Alvaro Pastor, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú ABSTRACT: This article considers coca control and development strategies in Bolivia and Peru through the intersection of participatory development, social control and the relationship between growers and the state. Bolivia has emerged as a world leader in formulating a participatory, non-violent model in confronting the cocaine trade. Between 2006-2019 the government limited coca production through community-level control. Our study finds that not only has Bolivia’s model proven more effective in reducing coca acreage than repression, but it has effectively expanded social and civil rights in hitherto marginal regions. In contrast, Peru has continued to conceptualize ‘drugs’ as a crime and security issue. This focus has led to U.S.-financed forced crop eradication, putting the burden of the ‘War on Drugs’ onto impoverished farmers, and generating violence and instability. At the request of farmers, the Peruvian government is currently considering the partial implementation of the Bolivian model in Peru. Could it work? We address this question by drawing on long-term ethnographic fieldwork, interview data and focus group discussions in both countries, combined with secondary research drawn from government, NGO and international agency reports. We find that for community control to have a reasonable chance of success in Peru key areas need to be strengthened. These include the ability of grassroots organizations to self-police, building trust in the state through increased collaboration and incorporating coca growers into development and crop control institutions.
    [Show full text]
  • Listado De Empresas (Proveedores De Articulos)
    LISTADO DE EMPRESAS (PROVEEDORES DE ARTICULOS) Nro EMPRESA CODIGO TELEFONO DIRECCION 1 CAYOJA 4346C00 2225527 HEROES DEL PACIFICO N§1345 2 CONBOL 3210150 2721120-70619617 CALLE GOBLES NO.6970 DEPTO 202 3 EBA EMPRESA BOLIVIANA DE ALMENDRA Y DERIVADOS 4359W00 2146292 AV CAMACHO N§1148 4 ENTEL EMP.NAL.DE TELECOMUNICACION 420012 2141010 CALLE FEDERICO ZUAZO NO. 1771 5 LOS ANDES IMPORTACIONES Y DECORACIONES 4323I00 2462548 AV. PANDO NRO. 125 6 M.E.A.A. INDUSTRIAS 4325I00 2230169 C.INCA ALONZO 1419 VILLA SAN ANTONIO ALTO 7 MAISDA DABDOUD SCHMIEDL ISSA JEAN MAURICE 4353D00 2244305 AV TEJADA SORZANO N§606 MIRAFLORES 8 A & B INTERNACIONAL LTDA. 3210700 2432052-2434958 C. MACARIO PINILLA Nº 384 9 A&A - ARTES GRAFICAS INTEGRALES 4357M00 2419654 JAIME ZUDA¥EZ SOPOCOACHI 10 A.P.U. - ASOCIACION PRODUCTORES UNIDOS 4352B00 4734868 AV. HUMBERTO ASIN RIVERO 11 AAYSBRI 4357K00 60126840 CALLE BARBARO CASO JUAN N§ 520 12 ADM - SAO S.A. 4398600 2820307 AV JORGE CARRASCO NO. 920 Z 12 DE OCT EL AL 13 ADMI TV S.A. 4355Y00 2224422 AV. 26 DE FEBRERO VILLA SAN LUIS UV.31 MZA1 14 AFIMUR - MUEBLERIA 4348H00 2339182 CALLE MURILLO ESQ. ORURO NRO 1188 15 AGENCIA DE NOTICIAS FIDES 4100900 LA PAZ BOLIVIA 16 ALMACEN DE ABARROTES "EYNAR" 4354G00 2454281 CALLE ISAAC TAMAYO N§ 571 17 ALMACEN SANTA CRUZ - ELSA APAZA CHOQUE 4325F00 2453805 MAX PAREDES NRO 589 18 ARNULFO YUFRA ALFARO 4358P00 44319943 4319945 AV.H.DE LA INDEPENDENCIA ESQ.6 DE AGOSTO TJ 19 ARPAL - EDITORIAL IMPRENTA 4349A00 2146887 CALLE BATALLON SUCRE N§509 SAN PEDRO 20 ART OFFICE S.R.L.
    [Show full text]
  • OEA/Ser.G CP/Doc. 4115/06 8 May 2006 Original: English REPORT OF
    OEA/Ser.G CP/doc. 4115/06 8 May 2006 Original: English REPORT OF THE ELECTORAL OBSERVATION MISSION IN BOLIVIA PRESIDENTIAL AND PREFECTS ELECTIONS 2005 This document is being distributed to the permanent missions and will be presented to the Permanent Council of the Organization ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES REPORT OF THE ELECTORAL OBSERVATION MISSION IN BOLIVIA PRESIDENTIAL AND PREFECTS ELECTIONS 2005 Secretariat for Political Affairs This version is subject to revision and will not be available to the public pending consideration, as the case may be, by the Permanent Council CONTENTS MAIN ABBREVIATIONS vi CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Electoral Process of December 2005 1 B. Legal and Electoral Framework 3 1. Electoral officers 4 2. Political parties 4 3. Citizen groups and indigenous peoples 5 4. Selection of prefects 6 CHAPTER II. MISSION BACKGROUND, OBJECTIVES AND CHARACTERISTICS 7 A. Mission Objectives 7 B. Preliminary Activities 7 C. Establishment of Mission 8 D. Mission Deployment 9 E. Mission Observers in Political Parties 10 F. Reporting Office 10 CHAPTER III. OBSERVATION OF PROCESS 11 A. Electoral Calendar 11 B. Electoral Training 11 1. Training for electoral judges, notaries, and board members11 2. Disseminating and strengthening democratic values 12 C. Computer System 13 D. Monitoring Electoral Spending and Campaigning 14 E. Security 14 CHAPTER IV. PRE-ELECTION STAGE 15 A. Concerns of Political Parties 15 1. National Electoral Court 15 2. Critical points 15 3. Car traffic 16 4. Sealing of ballot boxes 16 5. Media 17 B. Complaints and Reports 17 1. Voter registration rolls 17 2. Disqualification 17 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Sian Lazar (2007) 2007 'In-Betweenness at the Margins
    Original citation: Sian Lazar (2007) 2007 ‘In-betweenness at the Margins: Collective Organisation, Ethnicity and Political Agency among Bolivian Street Traders’, in James Staples (ed), Livelihoods at the Margins: Surviving the City, Left Coast Press, pp. 237-256 The definitive version of this chapter is available from Left Coast Press, see http://www.lcoastpress.com/book.php?id=71 Copyright 2007 © Left Coast Press. This version available online: December 2011 Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of this article to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain. This document is the author’s final manuscript accepted version of the book chapter, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer review process. Some differences between this version and the published version may remain. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. ‘In-betweenness’ on the margins Sian Lazar ‘IN-BETWEENNESS’ ON THE MARGINS: COLLECTIVE ORGANISATION, ETHNICITY AND POLITICAL AGENCY AMONG BOLIVIAN STREET TRADERS Sian Lazari This chapter explores the relationship between commerce, ethnicity and political agency in a city that is both on the margins and increasingly at the centre of Bolivian political life. El Alto has around 700,000 inhabitants and lies on the Andean high plain at 4,100 metres above sea level. ii It began in the early 20th century as ‘over-flow’ from the city of La Paz, which is built in a crater, but grew to the point where it became a city in its own right in 1985.
    [Show full text]
  • OT Boletin Bolivia 4 FINAL.Indd
    Boletín Informativo duca olivia Año 1 • Nº 4 • Gestión 2021 Pág. 4 10ma Olimpiada Científica se amplía hasta el 30 de junio Pág. 6-7 Educación inicia la distribución de Educación reconoce textos de aprendizaje a maestros (as) que demostraron vocación de servicio durante la pandemia de COVID-19 Pág. 8 1.700 ítems para el Magisterio EDUCA BOLIVIA y teléfonos celulares “2021 AÑO POR LA RECUPERACIÓN DEL DERECHO A LA EDUCACIÓN” 2 La recolección de textos se amplía hasta el 6 de julio CONSEJO EDITORIAL Adrián Rubén Quelca Tarqui En dos meses de campaña Bolivia Lee se Ministro de Educación Aurea Balderrama Almendras Viceministra de Educación Superior recaudó 44.907 libros en todo el país de Formación Profesional Bartolomé Puma Velásquez departamentales, la Domingo Savio, Viceministro de Educación Regular municipales, Amazónica de Pando instituciones, y Pedagógica, así Sandra Cristina Cruz Nina personas particulares, como a las ESFM Clara Viceministra de Educación universidades, Escuelas Parada de Pinto, de Alternativa y Especial Superiores de Formación El Alto y Warisata por de Maestros (ESFM), entre el papel importante Julio Gomez Chambilla otros. Por ello, hemos que desarrollaron para Viceministro de Ciencia y determinado ampliar recaudar los libros. Tecnología el plazo de recolección Rubén Valentín Chuquimia A. hasta el 6 de julio”, También resaltó al Espacio Simón I. Patiño, Jefe Unidad de Comunicación La campaña Bolivia Lee anunció la al Viceministerio de Gabriela Ramos Tola 2021 logró recolectar directora de Post Sustancias Controladas, Editora un total de 44.907 y Derechos Humanos, libros en todo el país, Sergio Julio Caro Miranda por haber coadyuvado Diseño y Diagramación gracias a las acciones en esta campaña, que desempeñadas inició oficialmente el 23 Fotografías UNICOM desde el Ministerio de abril pasado.
    [Show full text]
  • ASPRA), Arequipa, Peru, August 17 to 20Th, 2016
    Proceedings, VI Peruvian Congress Animal Reproduction, August 17 to 20th, 2016 Proceedings of the VI Peruvian Congress Animal Reproduction of the Asociación Peruana de Reproducción Animal (ASPRA), Arequipa, Peru, August 17 to 20th, 2016 DOI. 10.18548/aspe/0003.09 Dear Colleagues, We are pleased to formally present the Proceedings of the VI Peruvian Congress Animal Reproduction of the Asociación Peruana de Reproducción Animal (ASPRA). We hope you enjoy the meeting and take advantages of the opportunity to gain new scientific insights, renew friendships and make new contacts. The organizers are pleased with SPERMOVA editors and staff for the support of included abstract of our congress. Our goal of this publication of abstracts in English Language, is to encourage students and researchers the adoption of English as the universal language of science. Similar to the previous year, this event was planned considering both the Organizer Committee along with the members of Scientific Committee has brought together diverse topics and speakers to stimulate thoughts and discussion. In addition to the traditional plenary, we will have roundtables to discuss relevant issues are also part of the program. We also want to thank all the speakers who have agreed to attend this meeting and share their knowledge with us. My special thanks for all ASPRA Board and collaborators, whom have turned this meeting in to a reality Kind regards Juan Reategui, PhD President (2016-2017) - 55 - Proceedings, VI Peruvian Congress Animal Reproduction, August 17 to 20th, 2016 INDEX Title {R-1} Influence of the age male on the functionality in raw alpacas semen………… {R-2} Endometrial cytology as an indicator of subclinical endometritis of dairy cattle, holstein friesian and jersey breeds……………………………………………… {R-3} Reprogramming cell capacity of cows creole egg for generating clones made by hand in cattle cloning: preliminary results…………………………………… {R-4} Reproductive parameters of different dairy cattle genotypes in the Ecuadorian Amazon…………………………………………………………………………….
    [Show full text]
  • The Mexican General Officer Corps in the US
    University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository Latin American Studies ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations 12-1-2011 Valor Wrought Asunder: The exM ican General Officer Corps in the U.S.-Mexican War, 1846-1847. Javier Ernesto Sanchez Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/ltam_etds Recommended Citation Sanchez, Javier Ernesto. "Valor Wrought Asunder: The exM ican General Officer Corps in the U.S.-Mexican War, 1846-1847.." (2011). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/ltam_etds/3 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Latin American Studies ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Javier E. Sánchez Candidate Latin-American Studies Department This thesis is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Thesis Committee: L.M. García y Griego, Chairperson Teresa Córdova Barbara Reyes i VALOR WROUGHT ASUNDER: THE MEXICAN GENERAL OFFICER CORPS IN THE U.S.-MEXICAN WAR, 1846 -1847 by JAVIER E. SANCHEZ B.B.A., BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO 2009 THESIS Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico December 2011 ii VALOR WROUGHT ASUNDER: THE MEXICAN GENERAL OFFICER CORPS IN THE U.S.-MEXICAN WAR, 1846-1847 By Javier E. Sánchez B.A., Business Administration, University of New Mexico, 2008 ABSTRACT This thesis presents a reappraisal of the performance of the Mexican general officer corps during the U.S.-Mexican War, 1846-1847.
    [Show full text]
  • Descargar Archivo Diagnostico Covid-19 En La Produccion
    Periodo de la cuarentena total (marzo – mayo del 2020) Ministerio de Desarrollo Rural y Tierras ©FAO Bolivia, 2020 ©FAO DiAGNÓSTiCO COVID-19 En la producción agropecuaria y seguridad alimentaria Estar alerta, he ahí vida; la yacer en tranquilidad, la he ahí muerte. la (Oscar Wilde) Ministerio de 57 Defensa DiAGNÓSTiCO COVID-19 En la producción agropecuaria y seguridad alimentaria Ministro de Defensa Ministra de Desarrollo Rural Y Tierras Fernando López Julio Beatriz Eliane Capobianco Sandoval Viceministro de Defensa Civil - VIDECI Director General de Desarrollo Rural Luis Gerardo Thellaeche Sergio Mauricio Bustillo Paredes Representante de la FAO en Bolivia Equipo responsable de la investigación y Theodor Friedrich elaboración del documento Representante Asistente programas de la Oscar Jesús Mendoza Luzcuber FAO en Bolivia Especialista en Gestión de Riesgos - FAO Rosse Mary Noda Videa Raúl Pérez Albrecht Responsable de Comunicación para el Desarrollo - FAO Miguel Ángel Estrada Equipo de coordinación y apoyo técnico Responsable de monitoreo - FAO Carlos Alberto Mariaca Cerball Jefe de información y fortalecimiento del SINAGER-SAT - Pedro Condori Miranda VIDECI Comunicador Visual - FAO Carlos Guzmán Vedia Jefe de unidad de información, estudios y políticas de desarrollo sostenible - MDRyT Referencia bibliográfica:Mendoza O., Pérez R., Estrada M., Condori M. (2020). Diagnóstico efectos COVID-19 en la producción agropecuaria y seguridad alimentaria, La Paz , FAO Bolivia. Las denominaciones empleadas en este producto informativo y la forma en que aparecen presentados los datos que contiene no implican, por parte de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO), juicio alguno sobre la condición jurídica o nivel de desarrollo de países, territorios, ciudades o zonas, o de sus autoridades, ni respecto de la delimitación de sus fronteras o límites.
    [Show full text]
  • Oil Nationalizations in Bolivia and Mexico Established a Period of Tension and Conflict with U.S
    The Oil Nationalizations in Bolivia (1937) and Mexico (1938): a comparative study of asymmetric confrontations with the United States Fidel Pérez Flores IREL/UnB [email protected] Clayton M. Cunha Filho UFC [email protected] 9o Congreso Latinoamericano de Ciencia Política ¿Democracias en Recesión? Montevideo, 26-28 de julio de 2017 2 The Oil Nationalizations in Bolivia (1937) and Mexico (1938): a comparative study of asymmetric confrontations with the United States I. Introduction Between 1937 and 1942, oil nationalizations in Bolivia and Mexico established a period of tension and conflict with U.S. companies and government. While in both cases foreign companies were finally expelled from host countries in what can be seen as a starting point for the purpose of building a national oil industry, a closer look at political processes reveal that the Bolivian government was less successful than the Mexican in maintaining its initial stand in face of the pressure of both the foreign company and the U.S. Government. Why, despite similar contextual conditions, was it more difficult for Bolivian than for Mexican officials to deal with the external pressures to end their respective oil nationalization controversy? The purpose of this study is to explore, in light of the Mexican and Bolivian oil nationalizations of the 1930’s, how important domestic politics is in less developed countries to maintain divergent preferences against more powerful international actors. This paper focuses on the political options of actors from peripheral countries in making room for their own interests in an international system marked by deep asymmetries. We assume that these options are in part the product of processes unfolding inside national political arenas.
    [Show full text]
  • Bolivia: Elections Postponed to October
    INSIGHTi Bolivia: Elections Postponed to October Updated July 24, 2020 On July 23, 2020, Bolivia’s electoral tribunal announced the postponement of general elections from September 6 to October 18 due to the escalating Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Bolivia has been polarized since the November 2019 resignation of President Evo Morales of the Movement Toward Socialism (MAS) party and already postponed elections originally scheduled for May 3 due to a national quarantine. Unrest and the surging pandemic (Interim President Jeanette Añez and several in her cabinet have contracted COVID-19) could threaten the elections. The United States remains concerned about the political volatility in Bolivia and has supported efforts to ensure the upcoming elections are free and fair. October Elections Annulled Morales, Bolivia’s first indigenous president, transformed Bolivia, but observers criticized his efforts to remain in office (he won elections in 2006, 2009, and 2014). In 2017, Bolivia’s Constitutional Tribunal removed limits on reelection established in the 2009 constitution, effectively overruling a 2016 referendum in which voters rejected a constitutional change to allow Morales to run for another term. Allegations of fraud marred Bolivia’s October Figure 1. Bolivia at a Glance election. The electoral tribunal said Morales exceeded the 10-point margin necessary to avoid a runoff over former president Carlos Mesa, but Mesa rejected that result. Some protesters called for a new election; others demanded Morales’s resignation. On November 10, 2019, the Organization of American States (OAS) issued preliminary findings suggesting enough irregularities to merit a new election. (Some experts have since challenged aspects of those findings.) Morales Sources: CRS Graphics, International Monetary Fund (IMF), agreed to hold new elections, but the opposition Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Instituto Nacional de rejected his offer.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings First Annual Palo Alto Conference
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST ANNUAL PALO ALTO CONFERENCE An International Conference on the Mexican-American War and its Causes and Consequences with Participants from Mexico and the United States. Brownsville, Texas, May 6-9, 1993 Palo Alto Battlefield National Historic Site Southwest Region National Park Service I Cover Illustration: "Plan of the Country to the North East of the City of Matamoros, 1846" in Albert I C. Ramsey, trans., The Other Side: Or, Notes for the History of the War Between Mexico and the I United States (New York: John Wiley, 1850). 1i L9 37 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST ANNUAL PALO ALTO CONFERENCE Edited by Aaron P. Mahr Yafiez National Park Service Palo Alto Battlefield National Historic Site P.O. Box 1832 Brownsville, Texas 78522 United States Department of the Interior 1994 In order to meet the challenges of the future, human understanding, cooperation, and respect must transcend aggression. We cannot learn from the future, we can only learn from the past and the present. I feel the proceedings of this conference illustrate that a step has been taken in the right direction. John E. Cook Regional Director Southwest Region National Park Service TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction. A.N. Zavaleta vii General Mariano Arista at the Battle of Palo Alto, Texas, 1846: Military Realist or Failure? Joseph P. Sanchez 1 A Fanatical Patriot With Good Intentions: Reflections on the Activities of Valentin GOmez Farfas During the Mexican-American War. Pedro Santoni 19 El contexto mexicano: angulo desconocido de la guerra. Josefina Zoraida Vazquez 29 Could the Mexican-American War Have Been Avoided? Miguel Soto 35 Confederate Imperial Designs on Northwestern Mexico.
    [Show full text]