5.1.11-Mohammad Reza Shirazi-Pp 160-169.Indd

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

5.1.11-Mohammad Reza Shirazi-Pp 160-169.Indd 160 Review and Trigger Articles THE STORY OF “ONE-STORY-NESS.” Mohammad Reza Shirazi Abstract Architecture as a Narrative This article focuses on the old houses of Tabriz, northwest of Iran, and studies their structural transformation Architecture is full of sayings. Every window, during the Qajar and early Pahlavi period (18th and every stone, every wall and all the elements early 20th centuries). Here, these dwellings are studied of a building tell us a story. As Baillie-Scott puts as some already written texts with hidden narratives it “few things are indeed so strange as this concealed in the lines of the buildings in order to thaumaturgic art of the builder, he places stones reveal their syntactic as well as semantic implications. in certain positions – cuts them in certain ways, In this regard, ideas of some leading thinkers—such and behold, they begin to speak with tongues as Heidegger, Bachelard, Bollnow, Norberg-Schulz and Pallasmaa—about home and non-physical, – a language of their own, with meanings too spiritual, and existential aspects of dwelling will be deep for words” (cited in: Norberg-Schulz, 1985, reviewed to show how a house narrates us about its p. 111). The buildings speak, but to hear them multidimensionality. Then, considering the traditional it is necessary to be open to them and listen houses of Tabriz it will be shown that how the structure carefully. “Over and over again those who have of the houses and consequently their existential and been open to listen, have beheld the ‘saying’ ontological implications have been transformed into of works of architecture” (Ibid.). A building is a kind of “typelessness” and thus narrate the storey of an honest narration. If we are open to it, it will contemporary “one-storey-ness.” communicate with us. As Mark Rakatansky says, “There is no mute architecture. All architects, all buildings ‘tell stories’ with varying degrees of consciousness. Architecture is permeated Keywords with narratives because it is constituted within Dwelling; house; home; narrative; Tabriz. a field of discourses and economics (formal, psychological, and ideological), to any one aspect of which it cannot be reduced, from any one of which it cannot be removed” (Rakatansky, 1992, p. 199). Copyright © 2011 Archnet-IJAR, Volume 5 - Issue 1 - March 2011 - (160-169) Archnet-IJAR, International Journal of Architectural Research The Story of “One-Storey-ness” 161 A work of architecture, thus, tells us both “Friede,” designates preserving from harm, structural and spiritual stories. For example, a to spare. Thus, “To dwell, to be set at peace, traditional building not only tells us how it has means to remain at peace within free, the been built (tectonics, structure, methods of preserve, the free sphere that safeguards each construction, etc.), but also it narrates about thing in its nature. The fundamental character the world inside (the relationship between of dwelling is this sparing and preserving” (Ibid., the occupants, their mentality, etc.) and also p. 5). Thus, building and dwelling have similar the world outside (which means the social, implications and connotations; they refer to economical, and cultural characteristics of the the existential aspects of human life manifested society). In sum, architecture is always rhetorical in the house as the first and intimate dwelling- and story telling. place of human beings. We build and dwell in MOHAMMAD REZA SHIRAZI the house, and thus preserve, cultivate, and In this context, a house is a multidimensional remain in peace. narrative. It is not simply a shelter for preserving the inhabitants, but also an ontological being As an example, Heidegger refers to a farmhouse full of existential connotations. From the in the Black Forest, built some two hundred phenomenological point of view, the house has years ago, and explains how the peasants used been investigated and considered by different to dwell in that house in an authentic way. His scholars. explanation reveals that, to dwell in a authentic way is not only rooted in building according to the material implications of the place, such as House and the Question of Dwelling topography and climate, but is also based on In his seminal work “Building Dwelling Thinking” the spiritual needs and existential feelings of the Martin Heidegger points to the ontological inhabitants, such as birth and death. aspects of building and explains the essence of dwelling. He states that although every building Oneiric House, House as the Center provides a shelter for us, it does not necessarily allow for dwelling. Bridges and stadiums are Gaston Bachelard believes that the house buildings, but not dwellings; “These buildings is our corner of the world, our first universe. house man. He inhabits them and yet does not According to him, the chief benefit of the house dwell in them” (Heidegger, 1993, p. 4). In order is sheltering the daydreams. He writes that “the to find the essence of building and dwelling, house shelters daydreams, the house protects Heidegger listens to the language. the dreamer, the house allows one to dream in peace” (Bachelard, 1969, p. 6). Moreover, the According to him, the world “bauen” (building) house is related to the existential behaviors and means to cherish and protect, to preserve and actions of the human beings. The house shelters care for, in the sense of preserving and nurturing, all the physical and spiritual aspects of the or cultivating. On the other hand, the word life and makes the universe understandable: “wohnen” (dwelling) means to be at peace “Without it, man would be a dispersed being. It and remain in peace, and the word for peace, maintains him through the storms of the heavens Archnet-IJAR, International Journal of Architectural Research - Volume 5 - Issue 1 - March 2011 The Story of “One-Storey-ness” 162 and through those of life. It is body and soul. It is to act. “When we enter inside, we are finally the human being’s first world” (Ibid.). ‘at home’. In the house we find the things we know and cherish. We have brought them with In a similar way, Bollnow understands the house us from the outside, and live with them because as the center of the world. He talks about the they represent ‘our world’. We use them in our necessity of a “reference point,” a center of daily life, take them in our hands and enjoy their lived space, without which man is not able meaning as representations of ‘Erinnerungen’. to live. This “foothold” is the place to which The interior therefore possesses the quality of we human beings return and from which we interiority, and acts as a complement to our inner departure. “Man needs such a center, in which self. When we thus realize private dwelling, we he rooted in the space and all his relationships experience what is known as ‘domestic peace’” MOHAMMAD REZA SHIRAZI are related to it” (Bollnow, 1963, p. 8). A house (Ibid., p. 12). provides us such a center. Bollnow gives a deep explanation about the Phenomenology of Home ontological and anthropological implications of Juhani Pallasmaa argues that a home is not the house, and describes how a house grants merely a manifestation of an architectural work us security by means of separating interior and or an aesthetic object, but a psychological, exterior: “[The space of the house] is the realm psychoanalytical, and social phenomenon. of peace and calmness in which man is able to Differentiating between home and house he give up his continuous attention to the possible writes that “Home is an individualized dwelling, threats. It is a space to which man returns and and the means of this subtle personalization can relax in it” (Ibid., p. 9). seem to be outside our notion of architecture. Dwelling, a house, is the container, the shell for Four Modes of Dwelling home. The substance of home is secreted, as it were, upon the framework of the dwelling by Norberg-Schulz distinguishes between four modes the dweller. Home is an expression of personality of dwelling: settlement as the “natural dwelling,” and family and their very unique patterns of life. urban space as the “collective dwelling,” Consequently, the essence of home is closer to institution as the “public dwelling,” and house as life itself than to artifact” (Pallasmaa, 2007). the “private dwelling.” Norberg-Schulz remarks that a house is the place of everyday activities: Thus, house is a frame, shell, and protector “In the house we find the things we already for the home, which is the multi-dimensional know and which are particularly meaningful atmosphere and realm of the existential lived to us” (Norberg-Schulz, 1988, p. 10). According space of the dwellers within the house. Home to him, the task of the house is “to reveal the is not an object and a simple building, but a world, not as essence but as presence, that is, as complex multi-layered condition that integrates material and color, topography and vegetation, memories and images, desires and fears, seasons, weather and light” (Ibid.). In this way, the past and the present. Home makes us to we become friends with the world through the remember all the warmth, protection and love house, and it gives us security and a foothold of our childhood as well as the distress and fear Archnet-IJAR, International Journal of Architectural Research - Volume 5 - Issue 1 - March 2011 The Story of “One-Storey-ness” 163 that we may have experienced. “Home is a verandas, etc. intensifies the transparency staging of personal memory. It functions as a of the building and creates a complex full of two-way mediator - personal space expresses dignity and lightness. the personality to the outside world, but, equally important, it strengthens the dweller’s self- Early Qajar houses, following the rules and image and concretizes his world order.
Recommended publications
  • Comparative Compatibility Assessment on Reused Iranian Houses from Qajar Era
    v.XX n.x 2020 DOI: 104013/arq.2020.161.XX v.17 n.1 2021 DOI: 10.4013/arq.2021.171.03 COMPARATIVE COMPATIBILITY ASSESSMENT ON REUSED IRANIAN HOUSES FROM QAJAR ERA AVALIAÇÃO COMPARATIVA DA COMPATIBILIDADE EM CASAS IRANIANAS REUTILIZADAS DA ERA QAJAR Negin Nazari Moayed1 Özlem Olgaç Türker2 Abstract Reusing heritage buildings with a compatible function provides the opportunity to sustain their significance. In this regard, the listed traditional houses in Tabriz, as one of the historical cities of Iran, play an important role in presenting cultural heritage values. Privacy as an intangible aspect of culture along with both physical and socio-cultural factors, have played a major role in the spatial organization of traditional Iranian houses, and formed the access hierarchy in the interior spaces. The purpose of this study is assessing the continuity or discontinuity of interior spaces in original and reused states of listed traditional houses in Tabriz from Qajar Era, to contribute to a better understanding of compatibility of new functions with the existing heritage building. The research methodology is based on literature survey for defining the original functions and observation of interior spaces for defining the current functions of each space. Additionally, the analytical approaches of ‘space syntax methodology’ are used to achieve the access hierarchy in space organization of the houses. Findings are derived from the comparison of ‘relative depth value’ as a reflection of privacy; and ‘integration value’ as a reflection of accessibility in both states. Keywords: Residential interior Space, architectural conservation, space syntax method, space organization, space hierarchy. Resumo A reutilização de edifícios patrimoniais com uma função compatível oferece oportunidade de sustentar seu significado patrimonial.
    [Show full text]
  • Tabriz Historic Bazaar (Iran) No 1346
    Rotterdam, 25–28 June 2007. Tabriz Historic Bazaar (Iran) Weiss, W. M., and Westermann, K. M., The Bazaar: Markets and Merchants of the Islamic World, Thames and Hudson No 1346 Publications, London, 1998. Technical Evaluation Mission: 13–16 August 2009 Additional information requested and received from the Official name as proposed by the State Party: State Party: ICOMOS sent a letter to the State Party on 19 October 2009 on the following issues: Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex • Further justification of the serial approach to the Location: nomination. • Further explanation of how the three chosen sites Province of East Azerbaijan relate to the overall outstanding value of the property and of how they are functionally linked, Brief description: with reference to the Goi Machid and the Sorkhāb Bazārchā areas, in relation to the wider Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex consists of a series of Bazaar area. interconnected, covered brick structures, buildings, and • enclosed spaces for different functions. Tabriz and its Expansion of the description of the legal th protection measures. Bazaar were already prosperous and famous in the 13 • century, when the town became the capital city of the Expansion of the description of the objectives country. The importance of Tabriz as a commercial hub and the measures of the planning instruments in continued until the end of the 18th century, with the force in relation to the factors threatening the expansion of Ottoman power. Closely interwoven with property. the architectural fabric is the social and professional • Further explanation of the overall framework of organization of the Bazaar, which allows its functioning the management system and of the state of and makes it into a single, integrated entity.
    [Show full text]
  • Reinterpreting Sustainable Design of Traditional Iranian Cities
    Reinterpreting sustainable design of traditional Iranian cities A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy Nima Dibazar Welsh School of Architecture Cardiff University September 2016 Abstract: In our constant attempts to reduce the negative impact of urbanisation on natural environment and to improve quality of urban life, we must be inventive with new technologies but also to re-learn and re-use effective local solutions which have been used for centuries in vernacular cities before the industrialisation and widespread use of fossil fuels. The study focuses on vernacular Iranian cities in order to highlight architectural and urban solutions adopted in response to harsh climate of Iranian plateau. Throughout the study climatic adaptations in vernacular Iranian cities have been investigated in response to four elements of sun, wind, water and green spaces. The main research approach adopted in this research involved urban structure analysis through aerial photos, historic maps, existing literature in Farsi and English as well as on site observation by the author. Native builders informed by accumulated knowledge of their ancestors, constructed dense urban environments with available local materials. These compact cities were efficient but also diverse in land use. Dense urban fabric protected building from cold winter winds and harsh summer sunlight. Water was transported from foothill of mountains via network of underground channels to supply water to buildings and also to moderate temperature by surface evaporation. Local knowledge of regional winds enabled native people to build houses and streets with appropriate orientation and benefit from favourable winds for ventilation and to avoid harsh unpleasant winds.
    [Show full text]
  • Wikivoyage Iran March 2016 Contents
    WikiVoyage Iran March 2016 Contents 1 Iran 1 1.1 Regions ................................................ 1 1.2 Cities ................................................. 1 1.3 Other destinations ........................................... 2 1.4 Understand .............................................. 2 1.4.1 People ............................................. 2 1.4.2 History ............................................ 2 1.4.3 Religion ............................................ 4 1.4.4 Climate ............................................ 4 1.4.5 Landscape ........................................... 4 1.5 Get in ................................................. 5 1.5.1 Visa .............................................. 5 1.5.2 By plane ............................................ 7 1.5.3 By train ............................................ 8 1.5.4 By car ............................................. 9 1.5.5 By bus ............................................. 9 1.5.6 By boat ............................................ 10 1.6 Get around ............................................... 10 1.6.1 By plane ............................................ 10 1.6.2 By bus ............................................. 11 1.6.3 By train ............................................ 11 1.6.4 By taxi ............................................ 11 1.6.5 By car ............................................. 12 1.7 Talk .................................................. 12 1.8 See ................................................... 12 1.8.1 Ancient cities
    [Show full text]
  • Influence of Iwans on the Thermal Comfort of Talar
    buildings Article Influence of Iwans on the Thermal Comfort of Talar Rooms in the Traditional Houses: A Study in Shiraz, Iran Jalil Shaeri 1,*, Mahmood Yaghoubi 2 ID and Amin Habibi 1 1 Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7188637911, Iran; [email protected] 2 School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7193616548, Iran; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +98-937-305-6253 Received: 11 May 2018; Accepted: 12 June 2018; Published: 13 June 2018 Abstract: In traditional buildings many climatic strategies have been used to provide indoor thermal comfort in south and central parts of Iran. A common element is called an iwan. This study investigates the indoor thermal comfort of a room adjoined to a talar in a traditional house which has an iwan, in Shiraz, Iran. The data related to the temperature and relative humidity of the room are used to calculate the thermal comfort index of PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) by considering the following two cases: a talar room with an iwan and one without an iwan, by means of DesignBuilder software. For the purpose of validation, the air temperature and relative humidity of the talar room with an iwan were measured over 10 days and compared to the results of the simulation. Having a valid simulation, computation was conducted for the selected house in various cases for an annual passive operation of calculating PMV and PPD. The numerical results revealed that the talar room adjoined to an iwan located in the south front of the courtyard had relatively good conditions during the hot months, including June and July.
    [Show full text]
  • Dr.Mohammad Hossein Somi
    $≤-Ø®°≠≠°§ (Ø≥≥•©Æ 3Ø≠© Director of Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center Professor of Medicine and gastroenterology Tel: 0098 411 3367473 Fax: 0098 411 3367499 E-mail:[email protected] Date of birth : 22.4.1962 Citizenship : Iran Office address : Endoscopic Ward, Department of internal medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz, Iran Marital status : Married children : 2 Education : High school in Ahar, Iran Medicine : Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Iran 1986 – 1993 Professional Training: • Speciality in internal medicine, Department of internal medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Iran 1993-1996. • Subspecialty of gastroenterology and Hepatology Shaheed beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran 2002-2004 Administrative Posts from 1996: 1. Deputy of Shohada hospital ,teaching hospital ,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences: 1996- 1999 2. Vice chancellor of drug and treatment affairs, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences: 1998- 2002 3. Head of Imam Khomeini hospital,main general teaching hospital :2001-2002 4. Head of gastroenterology ward, division of internal medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences since 2004 5. Director of Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences: since 2004 6. Head of internal medicine department ,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences since 2006 1 7. Member of research committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 8. Member of research committee of nutritional research center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 9. Head of national comprehensive cancer control program of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 10. Member of IRAN Hepatitis Network 11. Member of research committee of cancer network • Final thesis title “Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene promoter polymorphism at position -308 frequencies among patients with chronic HBV and spontaneously recovered subjects” Research Interests: • Gastrointestinal cancers • Hepatitis B and C • Liver transplantation Publications: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • 14Touring Iran 28Around the World 32Movies 36History
    Documentary Works www.Mahan.aero Proprietor : Mahan Air Co. Under the Supervision of Editorial Board and Policy Council Central Office: 4th Floor, Mahan Air Tower, Azadegan St., Karaj High-way, Tehran,iran P.O.Box: 14515411 Tel: 021-48381752 www.mahan.aero Telegram.me/mahanairchannel Instagram.com/fly_mahanair Advertisement: Mahan Inflight Magazine Didehban Press Group Maral Sharif Tel: (+9821( 88 65 94 35 Fax: (+9821( 88 65 93 82 [email protected] 14 Touring Iran 28 Around the World 32 Movies 36 History 12 June 2018 Mahan Inflight Magazine Editorial www.Mahan.aero In the name of God Welcome on board. It is a great pleasure having you experience our services today. Mahan Air introduced to aviation industry in 1992 and we are extremely so proud of steadily growing our presence and services over the past 25 years and look forward to exciting years ahead to continue invest in new aircrafts and new routes with specific focus on offering the highest standards of service and hospitality in the global airline industry competition. We consider Mahan Air contribution to the border community across Iran and other places in the world where we are well positioned to make a real difference with providing frequent flight of approximately 5.6 million passengers per year. Today, Mahan Air operates a fleet of more than 60 new Airbus and Boeing aircrafts from Tehran hub to more than 54 routes inside Iran and 53 routes internationally across Europe, Asia, Middle East, Far East and CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States(. To join Mahan Air Frequent Flyer program, a loyalty program offered to our customers to enjoy a range of exclusive privileges and courtesy services (including: lounge access, check-in priority, increased baggage allowance, guaranteed award seats and more( kindly collect the application forms available at Mahan Air check-in counter or even on-board during your flight and immediately start collecting miles with the temporary card and take the advantages.
    [Show full text]
  • From Private Gardens to Public Parks and Back Again; the Transformation of Green Spaces of Tabriz in the Twentieth Century A
    FROM PRIVATE GARDENS TO PUBLIC PARKS AND BACK AGAIN; THE TRANSFORMATION OF GREEN SPACES OF TABRIZ IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY ATAOLLAH TOFIGH KOUZEHKANANI IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE IN DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SEPTEMBER 2020 Approval of the thesis: FROM PRIVATE GARDENS TO PUBLIC PARKS AND BACK AGAIN; THE TRANSFORMATION OF GREEN SPACES OF TABRIZ IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY submitted by ATAOLLAH TOFIGH KOUZEHKANANI in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture in Department of Architecture, Middle East Technical University by, Prof. Dr. Halil Kalıpçılar Dean, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Prof. Dr. Cânâ Bilsel Head of Department, Architecture Dept. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mustafa Haluk Zelef Supervisor, Architecture Dept., METU Examining Committee Members: Prof. Dr. Cânâ Bilsel Architecture Dept., METU Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mustafa Haluk Zelef Architecture Dept., METU Prof. Dr. Zeynep Uludağ Architecture Dept., Gazi University Date: 11.09.2020 I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Surname: Ataollah Tofigh Kouzehkanani Signature: iv ABSTRACT FROM PRIVATE GARDENS TO PUBLIC PARKS AND BACK AGAIN; THE TRANSFORMATION OF GREEN SPACES OF TABRIZ IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY Tofigh Kouzehkanani, Ataollah Master of Architecture, Department of Architecture Supervisor: Assoc.
    [Show full text]
  • TABRIZ HISTORICAL BAZAAR in the CONTEXT of CHANGE Dr
    Ateliers-débats Session 1 TABRIZ HISTORICAL BAZAAR IN THE CONTEXT OF CHANGE Dr. Pirooz Hanachi School of Architecture, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Enghelab Ave. Tehran, Iran. [email protected] Solmaz Yadollahi Fourth floor no.6, Sazman-e Ab-e Gharbi STR.Behnam STR., Ayatollah Kashani STR. Tehran, Iran. [email protected] Abstract. As multifunctional urban complexes, Bazaars were gradually formed to meet the demands of their developers and users. In fact, a Bazaar was a place to centralize the inter-related interests of different groups of stakeholders. A number of these Bazaars including Tabriz historical Bazaar Complex (THBC) located in Tabriz city in the north west of Iran played a momentous role in the economic and social development of the region as the hubs of international commercial and cultural exchanges. Being a commercial and social ensemble and being able to cope with and contribute to the changing world, Tabriz Historical Bazaar has served a diversity of functions to different stakeholders throughout the history. Although after being affected by the intensive political, social and economic change in the industrialization and modernization era the Bazaar continued serving its functions to different generations, its contribution to the economic and mainly social development has experienced a remarkable decrease. In order to sustain the prospective contribution of Tabriz Historical Bazaar world heritage site to the life of the contemporary society and facilitate its protection process, this work aims to provide a profound understanding of the authentic characters of the Bazaar, the root and nature of its values, and interests of people involved with it.
    [Show full text]
  • Loron, Mehrdad Sahraei, Ismail, Sumarni and Rahimian
    Citation: Loron, Mehrdad Sahraei, Ismail, Sumarni and Rahimian, Farzad Pour (2012) Energy efficiency for reducing carbon footprint in historic buildings: Comparing case in the UK and Malaysia. In: 2nd International Conference on Socio-Political and Technological Dimensions of Climate Change, 19th - 21st November 2012, Selangor, Malaysia. URL: This version was downloaded from Northumbria Research Link: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/37303/ Northumbria University has developed Northumbria Research Link (NRL) to enable users to access the University’s research output. Copyright © and moral rights for items on NRL are retained by the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. Single copies of full items can be reproduced, displayed or performed, and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided the authors, title and full bibliographic details are given, as well as a hyperlink and/or URL to the original metadata page. The content must not be changed in any way. Full items must not be sold commercially in any format or medium without formal permission of the copyright holder. The full policy is available online: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/policies.html This document may differ from the final, published version of the research and has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies. To read and/or cite from the published version of the research, please visit the publisher’s website (a subscription may be required.) 2nd International Conference on Socio-Political and Technological Dimensions of Climate Change 19-21 November 2012 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOCIO-POLITICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL DIMENSIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE Edited By: Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparative Study of the Connecting Structure Of
    A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CONNECTING STRUCTURE OF OPEN AND CLOSED SPACES OF PJAEE, 17(9) (2020) TRADITIONAL AND MODERN ARCHITECTURE OF CITIES IN AZERBAIJAN IRAN REGION A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CONNECTING STRUCTURE OF OPEN AND CLOSED SPACES OF TRADITIONAL AND MODERN ARCHITECTURE OF CITIES IN AZERBAIJAN IRAN REGION Saeedeh Dadashi1, Simon Ayvazyan2*, Zohreh Torabi3 1 Department of Architecture, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 2 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Fine Arts, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran, Visiting Professor. 3 Department of Architecture, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran. Saeedeh Dadashi, Simon Ayvazyan, Zohreh Torabi: A comparative study of the connecting structure of open and closed spaces of traditional and modern architecture of cities in Azerbaijan Iran region PJAEE, 17(9) (2020) Keywords: open and closed spaces, connecting space, traditional architecture, modern architecture, Azerbaijan ABSTRACT Through history, the home has been recognized as the most important place that is compatible with human life. Due to the lack of sufficient knowledge of users and their needs, today there are many changes in the current housing and construction debate, which has led to the anonymity of houses and the move towards standardization in the country, which results in dissatisfaction of users, changing social norms and Going will not have the native identity of the inhabitants. At the same time, approaching an architecture that is based on the knowledge of needs, lifestyle, indigenous beliefs that over time has become the culture of that community and assigns a specific identity to it, can increase the sense of belonging to the space and overall satisfaction of residents to be met.
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Evolution of Qajar House of Baqeri in Gorgan*
    IInternational n t e r n a t i o n a l JJournal o urnal OOff AArchitecturerchitecture aandnd UUrbanrban DevelopmentDevelopment 15 lled fi lled and un fi uence the creation of house fl cant part of the architectural heritage of the country fi spaces and proportions. The present study investigates the spaces and proportions. historical evolution of Qajar house of Baqeri in Gorgan province. It also addresses the architecture and construction city and of the house, social-historical changes in Gorgan Sarcheshmeh neighborhood simultaneously to document the spacial evolutions. broad range of spacial and structural evolutions though it was often lay people who ordered the architects build such houses. review of available documents and written research reveals A that contemporary researchers have not paid due attention to The available evolution of houses during the Qajar Reign. literaturemainly reports an impersonal account of house environment as well as maps and pictures .Researchers have also neglected implementation methods and building details or they have left these to restoration specialists. However, spacial quality and formation of buildings may not be well understood without paying due attention to construction issues. Lack of distinction between such specialties as architecture and construction further supports the importance of this investigation. Researchers have also failed to address lifestyle and social milieu internalized in the the people’s The neglect for body of these houseswhen theywere built. these important issues has restricted research reports to the description or criticism of form, circulation, Gorgan* **Behnam Qelichkhani University, Tehran, Iran Tehran, University, 1 Recieved 11.04.2012; Accepted 23.05.2012 Recieved 11.04.2012; uenced by buildings and their Iranian historical houses constitute a signi fl Qajar dynasty, Gorgan, spacial evolution, Baqeri house.
    [Show full text]