CHAPTER 2 Site Characteristics This chapter provides information on the EGC ESP Site location, on-site activities and controls, present and projected population distribution, meteorological, hydrological, geological, and seismological characteristics. The purpose of presenting this information is to provide the bases for demonstrating the adequacy of the site characteristics from a site safety viewpoint and to provide input to support environmental characterization. The influence of the EGC ESP site characteristics on the design and operation of a possible future nuclear power facility will be assessed at the construction and operating license (COL) stage pursuant to 10 CFR 52 Subpart C. REV2 2-1 CHAPTER 2 - SITE CHARACTERISTICS SITE SAFETY ANALYSIS REPORT FOR EGC EARLY SITE PERMIT SECTION 2.1 – GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY 2.1 Geography and Demography 2.1.1 Site Location and Description 2.1.1.1 Specification of Location The EGC ESP Facility will be co-located on the property of the existing CPS Facility and its associated 4,895 ac man-made cooling reservoir (Clinton Lake) (CPS, 2002). The EGC ESP Facility will be located approximately 700 ft south of the existing CPS Facility. The CPS Facility lies within Zone 16 of the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates. The exact UTM coordinates for the EGC ESP Facility will depend upon the specific reactor technology selected for deployment and will be finalized at COL. As shown on Figures 1.2-1 and 2.1-1 there is a complex transportation system surrounding the EGC ESP Site. The nearest major highways are Illinois State Routes 54, 10, and 48, all of which cross the CPS Facility property. Other major highways within the region include Interstate 155 in the west, Interstate 72 in the southeast, Interstate 55 in the northwest, Interstate 74 in the northeast, Interstate 39 in the north, and Interstate 57 in the east (U.S. Census Bureau, 2000). The nearest railroad is the Canadian National Railroad (formerly Illinois Central) that runs parallel to State Route 54 and traverses the CPS Facility property approximately 1 mi north of the EGC ESP Facility footprint. The EGC ESP Site is located in DeWitt County in east-central Illinois, about 6 mi east of the City of Clinton (USGS, 1990). The majority of the site is located in the eastern half of DeWitt County with the arms of the lake extending into the northeastern area of the county. The site is located within Townships 19, 20, and 21 North, Range 3 East of the Third Principal Meridian, Townships 19, 20, and 21 North, Range 4 East of the Third Principal Meridian, and Townships 20 and 21 North, Range 5 East of the Third Principal Meridian. The reactor is located in Harp Township but the size and irregular shape of the site place it in several political subdivisions. These are the townships of Harp, Wilson, Rutledge, DeWitt, Creek, Nixon, and Santa Anna. The EGC ESP Site is located between the cities of Bloomington and Decatur, 22 mi to the north and 22 mi to the south, respectively. In addition, the EGC ESP Site is located between the cities of Lincoln and Champaign-Urbana, 28 mi to the west and 30 mi to the east, respectively. Figure 2.1-1 shows the site in reference to major towns and cities within a 50 mi radius. The EGC ESP Site is also approximately 51 mi northeast of Springfield, and almost equidistant (approximately 150 mi) between St. Louis and Chicago. 2.1.1.2 Site Area Map Figure 2.1-8 shows the EGC ESP Site Exclusion Area Boundary (EAB), and Low Population Zone (LPZ), as defined in 10 CFR 100. The exclusion area is entirely within the property boundary (Figure 1.2-3) and is the area encompassed by a radius of 1,025 m (3,362 ft) from the center of the ESP Facility footprint area for locating power block structures. The LPZ is the area encompassed by a circle of 4,018 m (2.5 mi) radius. REV2 2.1-1 CHAPTER 2 - SITE CHARACTERISTICS SECTION 2.1 – GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY SITE SAFETY ANALYSIS REPORT FOR EGC EARLY SITE PERMIT The EGC ESP Site boundary is the same as the CPS property lines as shown in Figure 1.2-3. The site and its environs consist primarily of the future EGC ESP and CPS facilities, Lake Clinton, woodlands, pasture land, cultivated farmland, and the recreational areas. The total area encompassed by the site boundary is about 14,180 ac. Of this acreage about 452 ac are not owned by AmerGen and consists of Illinois Power property (~363 ac), a Shell oil pumping station (~23 ac), railroad (~20 ac), unimproved areas (~16 ac), residence (~14 ac), state highways (~9 ac), and cemeteries (~7 ac). Except for CPS, the CPS Energy and Environmental Center, and the site recreational facilities, there are no industrial, commercial, or institutional structures on the site property. Four residential structures on the site property are leased by AmerGen. The site includes an area that extends approximately 14 mi along Salt Creek and approximately 8 mi along the North Fork of Salt Creek. The balance of the site, except for the area around the Lake Clinton dam and spillways and land leased for agriculture, is developed for recreation. The only other uses of site property not related to electrical production or recreation are for agriculture and water supply. Approximately 1500 ac of land is leased and in agricultural use. A water well located south of the EGC ESP Facility footprint will be a primary source of water for the village of DeWitt. The CPS facilities and the 3.4 mile discharge flume occupy about 150 ac and 130 ac, respectively. Figure 1.2-4 is a site development drawing showing the location of the EGC ESP Facilities footprint on the CPS site property. The future EGC ESP Facility is expected to occupy about 150 ac. Lake Clinton, formed by the dam constructed near the confluence of Salt Creek and the North Fork of Salt Creek, has a surface area at normal lake level (690 feet above msl) of approximately 4,895 ac with an average depth of about 15.6 ft. Lake Clinton is totally within the site property boundary. The CPS cooling water intake is about 3 mi northeast of the confluence of Salt Creek and the North Fork of Salt Creek. The intake for the EGC ESP Facility would be located adjacent to the existing intake structure (CPS, 2002). 2.1.1.3 Boundaries for Establishing Effluent Release Limits For the purpose of evaluating compliance with 10 CFR 20, the boundary of the restricted area for the EGC ESP Site is defined as the EGC ESP Site EAB. This boundary distance is established as a site characteristic (see Table 1.4-1, Section 9.4.4). There are no residential quarters in the restricted area. The radiation dose limits given in 10 CFR 20.1301 and the concentration limits of radioactive material in effluents given in 10 CFR 20.1302 will be met at the restricted area boundary. Access to the restricted area will be controlled by positive means such as fencing and posting of no trespassing signs on land and buoys with posting in Clinton Lake. The guidelines for keeping the radiation exposures as low as is reasonably achievable (ALARA), as given in 10 CFR 50, Appendix I (10 CFR 50), are applied at the site boundary taken herein to be the EGC ESP Site EAB distance of 1,025 m. The liquid effluents from the station are discharged into Clinton Lake, the outfall of which joins the Sangamon River approximately 56 mi downstream. The Sangamon River joins the Illinois River approximately 80 mi west of the site. The closest sizeable lake is Lake Decatur on the 2.1-2 REV2 CHAPTER 2 - SITE CHARACTERISTICS SITE SAFETY ANALYSIS REPORT FOR EGC EARLY SITE PERMIT SECTION 2.1 – GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY Sangamon River, located approximately 20 mi south of the site. There is no plausible way for liquid effluents to get to Lake Decatur since the outfall from Clinton Lake enters the Sangamon River downstream of Lake Decatur. The liquid effluents from the ESP Facility will be discharged into Clinton Lake through the existing CPS discharge flume shown on Figures 1.2-3 and 1.2-4. 2.1.2 Exclusion Area Authority and Control 2.1.2.1 Authority EGC will ensure that it has or will be granted the necessary authority, rights, and control of the EGC ESP Site, including the exclusion area prior to commencing actions allowed pursuant to any ESP granted from this Application. The exclusion area for the EGC ESP Site meets the requirements of 10 CFR 100 as demonstrated in Section 3.3. The boundary line of the EGC ESP Site exclusion area is shown in Figure 2.1-8. The EGC ESP Site overlaps the CPS Facility exclusion area; however, the two are not concentric. AmerGen owns the property in the EGC ESP Site exclusion area with the exception of a right-of-way for the township road that traverses the exclusion area. This road provides access to privately owned property which lies outside the EGC ESP Site exclusion area within the peninsula area between the Salt Creek finger and the North Fork of the Salt Creek finger of Clinton Lake. In an emergency, EGC together with the local law enforcement agency (DeWitt County Sheriff's Department) will control access via this road to the exclusion area. The property ownership and mineral rights provide AmerGen the authority to control activities, including exclusion and removal of personnel and property, within the exclusion area.