The Erie Barge Canal
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When the Mountain Became the Escarpment.FH11
Looking back... with Alun Hughes WHEN THE MOUNTAIN BECAME THE ESCARPMENT The Niagara Escarpment hasnt always been But Coronelli was not the first to put Niagara known by that name. Early in the 19th century it on the map. That distinction belongs to Father Louis was often referred to as the Mountain, and of course Hennepin, the Recollect priest who was the first it is still called that in Hamilton and Grimsby today. European to describe Niagara Falls from personal We in eastern Niagara have largely forgotten the observation. In his Description de la Louisiane, name, though it survives in the City of Thorolds published in 1683, five years after his visit, he speaks motto Where the Ships Climb the Mountain. of le grand Sault de Niagara, and labels it thus on the accompanying map. This is the form that So when did the name Niagara Escarpment first prevails thereafter, and it is the spelling used for Fort come into use? And what about the areas other de Niagara, established by the French at the mouth Niagara names, like Niagara Falls, Niagara River of the river in 1726. The English followed suit, and Niagara Peninsula? When did these first appear? though on many early maps (e.g. Moll 1715, I dont pretend to have definitive answers there Mitchell 1782) they use the name Great Fall of are too many sources I have not seen but I can Niagara rather than Niagara Falls. suggest some preliminary conclusions. In his Description Hennepin also refers to la The name Niagara is definitely of native origin, belle Riviere de Niagara, so the name Niagara though there is no agreement about its meaning. -
Low Bridge, Everybody Down' (WITH INDEX)
“Low Bridge; Everybody Down!” Notes & Notions on the Construction & Early Operation of the Erie Canal Chuck Friday Editor and Commentator 2005 “Low Bridge; Everybody Down!” 1 Table of Contents TOPIC PAGE Introduction ………………………………………………………………….. 3 The Erie Canal as a Federal Project………………………………………….. 3 New York State Seizes the Initiative………………………………………… 4 Biographical Sketch of Jesse Hawley - Early Erie Canal Advocate…………. 5 Western Terminus for the Erie Canal (Black Rock vs Buffalo)……………… 6 Digging the Ditch……………………………………………………………. 7 Yankee Ingenuity…………………………………………………………….. 10 Eastward to Albany…………………………………………………………… 12 Westward to Lake Erie………………………………………………………… 16 Tying Up Loose Ends………………………………………………………… 20 The Building of a Harbor at Buffalo………………………………………….. 21 Canal Workforce……………………………………………………………… 22 The Irish Worker Story……………………………………………………….. 27 Engineering Characteristics of Canals………………………………………… 29 Early Life on the Canal……………………………………………………….. 33 Winter – The Canal‘sGreatest Impediment……………………………………. 43 Canal Expansion………………………………………………………………. 45 “Low Bridge; Everybody Down!” 2 ―Low Bridge; Everybody Down!‖ Notes & Notions on the Construction & Early Operation of the Erie Canal Initial Resource Book: Dan Murphy, The Erie Canal: The Ditch That Opened A Nation, 2001 Introduction A foolhardy proposal, years of political bickering and partisan infighting, an outrageous $7.5 million price tag (an amount roughly equal to about $4 billion today) – all that for a four foot deep, 40 foot wide ditch connecting Lake Erie in western New York with the Hudson River in Albany. It took 7 years of labor, slowly clawing shovels of earth from the ground in a 363-mile trek across the wilderness of New York State. Through the use of many references, this paper attempts to describe this remarkable construction project. Additionally, it describes the early operation of the canal and its impact on the daily life on or near the canal‘s winding path across the state. -
Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology
OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF THE MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN I. ON AN INCREASE IN THE NAIAD FAUNA OF SAGINAW BAY, MICHIGAN 11. THE NAIAD SPECIES OF THE GREAT LAI(ES BY CALVINGOODRICH AND HENRYVANDER SCHALIE 1. NINE species of Naiades were found by Dr. H. B. Baker to inhabit Saginaw Bay in the vicinity of Sand Point, Huron County, Michigan, when he made his study of the molluscan fauna of the region in 1908. The survey was a very thorough one and several weelis mere devoted to the work. Twenty-three years later, a much more perfunctory survey was made by the writers of this paper in the same locality, their visits to Sand Point being more in the nature of holidays than for collecting purposes. Yet their findings amounted to thirteen species in contrast to Baker's nine. Moreover, they are enabled to report that five of the nine species of the Baker list proved to be more abundant in 1931 than they were in 1908. Such an increase in ~nollnsca appears to be unusual in American species. The writers are unable to find in the litera- ture of the subject any inention of anything quite like it. In- stances have occurred where an introduced species, Bytlzinia tentaculata (Linnaeus), for example, has developed such a fecundity as to be a pest (F. C. Balier, 1902 ; Sterlqi, 1910). A circnmboreal land snail, Vallonia ~~z~l~lzella(Miiller) , is kno~\~nto have developed exceedingly large colonies that prob- ably were larger than those wliich existed before the trans- plantation of European agriculture on this continent (G. -
Glen Haffy Conservation Area Welcome
www.trca.on.ca Glen Haffy Conservation Area Welcome to Glen Haffy Conservation Area, a beautiful natural area located within the Humber River Watershed, Humber River Watershed Fishing at Glen Haffy at the junction of Ontario’s two most dominant The Humber River watershed covers an area of 903 square Each year, Glen Haffy raises 60,000 rainbow trout at its on-site geological features - The Niagara Escarpment and kilometres, from the headwaters on the Niagara Escarpment fish hatchery, and these fish are released into the fishing the Oak Ridges Moraine. and Oak Ridges Moraine down to Lake Ontario. The watershed ponds at Glen Haffy Conservation Area, the Glen Haffy Fly provides many benefits to the people who live within it including Fishing Club and Heart Lake Conservation Area. The proceeds Glen Haffy Conservation Area is a 189 hectare Toronto drinking water, solace, renewal and contact with nature. generated by angling fees help fund the fish rearing program. and Region Conservation Authority (TRCA) property with great hiking trails you can escape into. Oak Ridges Moraine Glen Haffy Fly Fishing Club The Oak Ridges Moraine stretches as a ridge of hilly terrain for Join the Glen Haffy Fly Fishing Club, escape into 160 kilometres from the Niagara Escarpment in the west to the tranquility and enjoy: headwaters of the Trent River in the east. Rain that is collected and stored in the moraine’s vast underground layers of sand and • Access to private gated Headwaters Ponds located on 600 gravel, which are known as aquifers, eventually resurfaces as acres of prestine conservation lands Become a healthy, clean water that feeds the majority of river systems in • Use of Row Boats, Docks and Log Cabin Conservation the Greater Toronto Area. -
Erie Canalway Map & Guide
National Park Service Erie Canalway National Heritage Corridor U.S. Department of the Interior Erie Canalway Map & Guide Pittsford, Frank Forte Pittsford, The New York State Canal System—which includes the Erie, Champlain, Cayuga-Seneca, and Oswego Canals—is the centerpiece of the Erie Canalway National Heritage Corridor. Experience the enduring legacy of this National Historic Landmark by boat, bike, car, or on foot. Discover New York’s Dubbed the “Mother of Cities” the canal fueled the growth of industries, opened the nation to settlement, and made New York the Empire State. (Clinton Square, Syracuse, 1905, courtesy Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Detroit Publishing Extraordinary Canals Company Collection.) pened in 1825, New York’s canals are a waterway link from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes through the heart of upstate New York. Through wars and peacetime, prosperity and This guide presents exciting Orecession, flood and drought, this exceptional waterway has provided a living connection things to do, places to go, to a proud past and a vibrant future. Built with leadership, ingenuity, determination, and hard work, and exceptional activities to the canals continue to remind us of the qualities that make our state and nation great. They offer us enjoy. Welcome! inspiration to weather storms and time-tested knowledge that we will prevail. Come to New York’s canals this year. Touch the building stones CONTENTS laid by immigrants and farmers 200 years ago. See century-old locks, lift Canals and COVID-19 bridges, and movable dams constructed during the canal’s 20th century Enjoy Boats and Boating Please refer to current guidelines and enlargement and still in use today. -
Historic Overview
Updated Reconnaissance Level Survey of Historic Resources Town of Amherst HISTORIC OVERVIEW LOCATION The Town of Amherst lies in northern Erie County, New York. It is bordered by Niagara County to the north, the Erie County towns of Clarence to the east, Cheektowaga to the south, and Tonawanda to the west. The total area of Amherst is approximately 53 square miles. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING The natural environmental setting influenced prehistoric and historic settlement patterns in the Town of Amherst. The town lies within the Erie‐Ontario Lake Plain physiographic province, described as a nearly level lowland plain with few prominent topographic features. The area is underlain by Onondaga limestone dating to the Late Devonian period. Later glaciations shaped much of the western New York topography, including that of Amherst. One of the most prominent topographic features in the relatively featureless province is the Onondaga Escarpment, an east‐west trending hard limestone bedrock formation that lies in the southern portion of the Town of Amherst. The Onondaga Escarpment proved resistant to the effects of glacial scouring and it forms the southern boundary of a large basin once occupied by the shallow glacial Lake Tonawanda. Lake Tonawanda eventually receded leaving behind wetlands and deposits of clay and sand throughout much of northern Amherst (Owens et al. 1986:2). The most important drainages in the Town of Amherst are Tonawanda Creek, Ransom Creek, and Ellicott Creek. Tonawanda Creek forms the northern boundary between Amherst and Niagara County. It flows in a western direction and drains much of the eastern and Northern portions of Amherst. -
Better Towpaths for Everyone a National Policy for Sharing Towpaths Foreword Contents the Canal & River Trust Wants People to Enjoy the Waterways Within Its Care
Better Towpaths for Everyone A national policy for sharing towpaths Foreword Contents The Canal & River Trust wants people to enjoy the waterways within its care. Foreword 2 We want to encourage a diverse range of people to use, enjoy and cherish our canals and river navigations. Introduction 3 Consultation 3 Towpaths were built originally to support the use of boats on the water, and they remain essential for boating and other water-based activities such as Principles of angling, canoeing and rowing. They all need to use the towpaths for access towpath use 4 to the water, including for mooring up, or the operation of structures like locks and moveable bridges. Others enjoy the towpaths themselves – Better infrastructure 5 for walking, running and cycling, or simply to experience the calm, tranquil Towpath Design Guide 5 environment away from the bustle of everyday life. Better signs 6 Given the wide range of uses, and the millions of people who visit, we ask that people are considerate to others and in particular the slower, static or Better behaviour 7 more vulnerable users when they are on our towpaths. We do of course Towpath Code 7 recognise that some of our towpaths are busier than others; in some Activities 7 locations we know that conflict can occur, sometimes because an individual has wrongly assumed that they have priority over another, or because they don’t appreciate or respect other users. Sadly this detracts from people’s enjoyment, and we are committed to encouraging better behaviour by everyone on our towpaths, so that people can feel safe and secure when they use them. -
The Welland Ship Canal and the Men Who Died to Build It
The Welland Ship Canal and the men who died to build it Friday, August 28, 2015 Lock 1 of the Welland Canal is shown with its gates closed in June 1924, in this photo taken by J. A. McDonald, courtesy of the Welland Ship Canal album, Brock University Archives. The Welland Canal Fallen Workers Memorial is expected to be completed in 2017 and will be located along the canal close to Lock 3. This series of columns complements the work of the task force in bringing the monument to reality, and brings to life the men who were a part of the construction. This memorial will honour the memory of the 137 men who lost their lives in the construction of this major national infrastructure project. The Welland Ship Canal — also known as the fourth and most current Welland Canal — was a major Canadian infrastructure project. With a view to modernizing and making more efficient the previous canal, the construction work, which began in 1913 and would continue until 1935, would have a lasting impact on the local community. This project cut right through the geography of the region and its economic impact would be felt nationally. At its peak, the work engaged 4,000 workers with many thousands more having been employed at different times over the course of the two decades of construction. As we have read in these pages, this great national project was also one of tragedy. A staggering 137 men lost their lives as a result of accidents that occurred during the construction. This number is shockingly high. -
Motorcycles on Towpaths (British Waterways and the Fieldfare Trust)
abc MOTORCYCLES ON TOWPATHS: Guidance on managing the problem and improving access for all June 2006 1 CONTENTS Page Preface 3 1. Introduction 4 2. Some existing solutions 6 3. Decision Flowchart 8 4. Recording and assessing the motorcycle problem 9 5. Management responses other than physical access controls 11 6. Access controls; selecting the appropriate design 13 7. Record, monitor and review 16 8. The importance of consultation 17 9. The impacts of various designs on both motorcycles and disabled users 18 Appendices Appendix 1: Further information 22 Appendix 2: Review of some current access controls 23 Appendix 3: Summary of accessibility issues for users with disabilities 26 Appendix 4: Mobility vehicles and recreational use 27 2 PREFACE This Guidance is an adaptation from internal guidance produced for British Waterways staff. It originates from a project commissioned from the Fieldfare Trust by BW. Its prime purpose is to suggest ways of dealing with the problems posed by unauthorised use of towpaths by motorcycles whilst trying to ensure the best access for legitimate users. BW recognises that the common response of erecting some type of obstacle or barrier too often hinders or presents legitimate access, particularly for disabled people. The Guidance relates particularly to towpaths and the waterway network but has wider application. BW is aware that many other land owners and managers have to deal with the problem of illegal motorcycle use and the nuisance, damage and risk that it causes and is pleased to share this Guidance in the belief that it will be useful to others. BW would welcome any feedback on its content and usefulness. -
New York State Canal Corporation Flood Warning and Optimization System
K19-10283720JGM New York State Canal Corporation Flood Warning and Optimization System SCOPE OF SERVICES K19-10283720JGM Contents 1 Background of the Project........................................................................................................... 3 2 Existing FWOS features ............................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Data Import Interfaces ............................................................................................................ 5 2.2 Numeric Models ...................................................................................................................... 5 2.2.1 Hydrologic Model............................................................................................................. 6 2.2.2 Hydraulic Model .............................................................................................................. 6 2.3 Data Dissemination Interfaces .................................................................................................. 6 3 Technical Landscape ................................................................................................................... 7 3.1 Software ................................................................................................................................. 7 3.1.1 Systems......................................................................................................................... 7 3.1.2 FWOS Software .............................................................................................................. -
Impact of Urbanization on Large Wood Sizes and Associated Recruitment Zones
hydrology Article Impact of Urbanization on Large Wood Sizes and Associated Recruitment Zones Matthew T. Allen 1 and Philippe G. Vidon 2,* 1 Atlantic States Rural Water & Wastewater Association, 11 High St., Suite 204, Suffield, CT 06078, USA; [email protected] 2 Department of Sustainable Resources Management, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry (SUNY-ESF), 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 14 October 2020; Accepted: 13 November 2020; Published: 16 November 2020 Abstract: Although the presence of large wood (LW) has long been recognized to enhance watershed function, land use impact on LW remains poorly understood. Using a series of six watersheds, we investigate the relationships between LW recruitment zones, LW size, and LW jam occurrence and land use. Although the results in general show urban land use to severely limit LW, they also stress that agricultural land use may be positively correlated to LW. Occurrence of potentially productive LW recruitment zones is nevertheless best correlated to total forest land cover and forested riparian area. However, the lack of mature forest due to previous widespread deforestation linked to historical agricultural land use is likely a limiting legacy effect. Since the pattern of land use seen in the study area is typical of much of the developed world, our results suggest the limiting of LW may be a major way in which watersheds are impacted in many regions. Accordingly, reintroduction of LW represents a significant opportunity to restore watersheds on a broad scale. Specifically, we propose a mix of passive conservation and active restoration of LW sources and that the targeting of these tactics be planned using the spatial analysis methods of this study. -
Ellicott Creek Park Final Plan
2.4 ELLICOTT CREEK PARK FINAL PLAN ELLICOTT CREEK PARK DESCRIPTION At 165 acres, Ellicott Creek Park is one of the original Heritage parks in the County system, and is entirely within an urban environment setting. The park is centrally located and easily accessed by residents of Tonawanda, Amherst, Buffalo, and North Tonawanda (Niagara County), and is also a destination along area bike routes, including the Ellicott Creek Bike Path (via the Town of Amherst), and Erie Canalway Trail which connects with the Shoreline Trail. It is one of the four oldest parks in the system, acquired by the County in 1925 due to its attractive landscape setting between Ellicott Creek and the Erie Canal (Tonawanda Creek). This beautiful Heritage park is noted for its impressive collection of old stone structures and waterfront setting. Ellicott Creek Park is generally flat, which was considered ideal for the development of many field sports and active recreation, such as tennis and ice- skating. The Park is bisected by a major floodway corridor (spillway flume) between the two Creeks. Park Location Map: Ellicott Creek Park is located in the Town of Tonawanda PARK SPECIFIC PRIORITIES • Preserve and enhance Heritage areas and special park features, including; Repoint/clean stonework where needed, replace missing stones, replace or repair roofs, make improvements to concrete/asphalt floors, etc. to all historic structures and facilities. • Reduce lawn mowing in passive recreational areas, provide meadows and wildflowers to enhance natural character of park. • Coordinate with Friends of Ellicott Island Bark Park to maintain and upgrade amenities on Ellicott Island, as well as protecting and enhancing sensitive shoreline conditions.