Curriculum Vitae August 2012 Guy M
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Integrative and Comparative Biology Integrative and Comparative Biology, Volume 58, Number 4, Pp
Integrative and Comparative Biology Integrative and Comparative Biology, volume 58, number 4, pp. 605–622 doi:10.1093/icb/icy088 Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology SYMPOSIUM INTRODUCTION The Temporal and Environmental Context of Early Animal Evolution: Considering All the Ingredients of an “Explosion” Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/icb/article-abstract/58/4/605/5056706 by Stanford Medical Center user on 15 October 2018 Erik A. Sperling1 and Richard G. Stockey Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Building 320, Stanford, CA 94305, USA From the symposium “From Small and Squishy to Big and Armored: Genomic, Ecological and Paleontological Insights into the Early Evolution of Animals” presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, January 3–7, 2018 at San Francisco, California. 1E-mail: [email protected] Synopsis Animals originated and evolved during a unique time in Earth history—the Neoproterozoic Era. This paper aims to discuss (1) when landmark events in early animal evolution occurred, and (2) the environmental context of these evolutionary milestones, and how such factors may have affected ecosystems and body plans. With respect to timing, molecular clock studies—utilizing a diversity of methodologies—agree that animal multicellularity had arisen by 800 million years ago (Ma) (Tonian period), the bilaterian body plan by 650 Ma (Cryogenian), and divergences between sister phyla occurred 560–540 Ma (late Ediacaran). Most purported Tonian and Cryogenian animal body fossils are unlikely to be correctly identified, but independent support for the presence of pre-Ediacaran animals is recorded by organic geochemical biomarkers produced by demosponges. -
New High‐Resolution Age Data from the Ediacaran–Cambrian Boundary Indicate Rapid, Ecologically Driven Onset of the Cambrian Explosion
Received: 14 June 2018 | Revised: 6 October 2018 | Accepted: 19 October 2018 DOI: 10.1111/ter.12368 PAPER New high‐resolution age data from the Ediacaran–Cambrian boundary indicate rapid, ecologically driven onset of the Cambrian explosion Ulf Linnemann1 | Maria Ovtcharova2 | Urs Schaltegger2 | Andreas Gärtner1 | Michael Hautmann3 | Gerd Geyer4 | Patricia Vickers-Rich5,6,7 | Tom Rich6 | Birgit Plessen8 | Mandy Hofmann1 | Johannes Zieger1 | Rita Krause1 | Les Kriesfeld7 | Jeff Smith7 1Senckenberg Collections of Natural History Dresden, Museum of Mineralogy Abstract and Geology, Dresden, Germany The replacement of the late Precambrian Ediacaran biota by morphologically disparate 2Département des Sciences de la Terre, animals at the beginning of the Phanerozoic was a key event in the history of life on University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland ‐ 3Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Earth, the mechanisms and the time scales of which are not entirely understood. A Zürich, Switzerland composite section in Namibia providing biostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic data 4 Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität, bracketed by radiometric dating constrains the Ediacaran–Cambrian boundary to Lehrstuhl für Geodynamik und Geomaterialforschung, Würzburg, Germany 538.6–538.8 Ma, more than 2 Ma younger than previously assumed. The U–Pb‐CA‐ID 5Department of Chemistry and TIMS zircon ages demonstrate an ultrashort time frame for the LAD of the Ediacaran Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne (Hawthorne), biota to the FAD of a complex, burrowing Phanerozoic biota represented by trace fos- Victoria, Australia sils to a 410 ka time window of 538.99 ± 0.21 Ma to 538.58 ± 0.19 Ma. The extre- 6 Museums Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, mely short duration of the faunal transition from Ediacaran to Cambrian biota within Australia less than 410 ka supports models of ecological cascades that followed the evolution- 7School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University, ary breakthrough of increased mobility at the beginning of the Phanerozoic. -
RELATING EDIACARAN FRONDS 1 T. Alexander Dececchi *, Guy M
1 RELATING EDIACARAN FRONDS 2 T. Alexander Dececchi *, Guy M. Narbonne, Carolyn Greentree, and Marc 3 Laflamme 4 T. Alexander Dececchi* and Guy M. Narbonne, Department of Geological Sciences 5 and Geological Engineering, Kingston, Queen's University, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada. 6 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]. 7 Carolyn Greentree, School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash 8 University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia. Email [email protected]. 9 Marc Laflamme. Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of 10 Toronto, Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario, L5L 1C6, 11 Canada. E-mail: [email protected]. 12 13 Abstract 14 Ediacaran fronds are key components of terminal-Proterozoic ecosystems. They 15 represent one of the most widespread and common body forms ranging across all 16 major Ediacaran fossil localities and time slices postdating the Gaskiers glaciation, 17 but uncertainty over their phylogenetic affinities has led to uncertainty over issues 18 of homology and functional morphology between, and within, organisms displaying 19 this ecomorphology. Here we present the first large scale, multi-group cladistic 20 analysis of Ediacaran organisms, sampling 20 ingroup taxa with previously asserted 21 affinities to the Arboreomorpha, Erniettomorpha and Rangeomorpha. Using a newly 22 derived morphological character matrix that incorporates multiple axes of potential 23 phylogenetically informative data, including architectural, developmental, and 24 structural qualities, we seek to illuminate the evolutionary history of these 25 organisms. We find strong support for existing classification schema and devise 26 apomorphy-based definitions for each of the three frondose clades examined here. 27 Through a rigorous cladistics framework it is possible to discern the pattern of 28 evolution within, and between, these clades, including the identification of 29 homoplasies and functional constraints. -
A Rich Ediacaran Assemblage from Eastern Avalonia: Evidence of Early
Publisher: GSA Journal: GEOL: Geology Article ID: G31890 1 A rich Ediacaran assemblage from eastern Avalonia: 2 Evidence of early widespread diversity in the deep ocean 3 [[SU: ok? need a noun]] 4 Philip R. Wilby, John N. Carney, and Michael P.A. Howe 5 British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK 6 ABSTRACT 7 The Avalon assemblage (Ediacaran, late Neoproterozoic) constitutes the oldest 8 evidence of diverse macroscopic life and underpins current understanding of the early 9 evolution of epibenthic communities. However, its overall diversity and provincial 10 variability are poorly constrained and are based largely on biotas preserved in 11 Newfoundland, Canada. We report coeval high-diversity biotas from Charnwood Forest, 12 UK, which share at least 60% of their genera in common with those in Newfoundland. 13 This indicates that substantial taxonomic exchange took place between different regions 14 of Avalonia, probably facilitated by ocean currents, and suggests that a diverse deepwater 15 biota that had a probable biogeochemical impact may already have been widespread at 16 the time. Contrasts in the relative abundance of prostrate versus erect taxa record 17 differential sensitivity to physical environmental parameters (hydrodynamic regime, 18 substrate) and highlight their significance in controlling community structure. 19 INTRODUCTION 20 The Ediacaran (late Neoproterozoic) Avalon assemblage (ca. 578.8–560 Ma) 21 preserves the oldest evidence of diverse macroorganisms and is key to elucidating the 22 early radiation of macroscopic life and the assembly of benthic marine communities Page 1 of 15 Publisher: GSA Journal: GEOL: Geology Article ID: G31890 23 (Clapham et al., 2003; Van Kranendonk et al., 2008). -
Retallack 2014 Newfoundland Ediacaran
Downloaded from gsabulletin.gsapubs.org on May 2, 2014 Geological Society of America Bulletin Volcanosedimentary paleoenvironments of Ediacaran fossils in Newfoundland Gregory J. Retallack Geological Society of America Bulletin 2014;126, no. 5-6;619-638 doi: 10.1130/B30892.1 Email alerting services click www.gsapubs.org/cgi/alerts to receive free e-mail alerts when new articles cite this article Subscribe click www.gsapubs.org/subscriptions/ to subscribe to Geological Society of America Bulletin Permission request click http://www.geosociety.org/pubs/copyrt.htm#gsa to contact GSA Copyright not claimed on content prepared wholly by U.S. government employees within scope of their employment. Individual scientists are hereby granted permission, without fees or further requests to GSA, to use a single figure, a single table, and/or a brief paragraph of text in subsequent works and to make unlimited copies of items in GSA's journals for noncommercial use in classrooms to further education and science. This file may not be posted to any Web site, but authors may post the abstracts only of their articles on their own or their organization's Web site providing the posting includes a reference to the article's full citation. GSA provides this and other forums for the presentation of diverse opinions and positions by scientists worldwide, regardless of their race, citizenship, gender, religion, or political viewpoint. Opinions presented in this publication do not reflect official positions of the Society. Notes © 2014 Geological Society of America Downloaded from gsabulletin.gsapubs.org on May 2, 2014 Volcanosedimentary paleoenvironments of Ediacaran fossils in Newfoundland Gregory J. -
Deconstructing an Ediacaran Frond: Three-Dimensional Preservation of Arborea from Ediacara, South Australia
Journal of Paleontology, 92(3), 2018, p. 323–335 Copyright © 2018, The Paleontological Society. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 0022-3360/18/0088-0906 doi: 10.1017/jpa.2017.128 Deconstructing an Ediacaran frond: three-dimensional preservation of Arborea from Ediacara, South Australia Marc Laflamme,1 James G. Gehling,2 and Mary L. Droser3 1Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada 〈marc.lafl[email protected]〉 2South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia 〈[email protected]〉 3Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA 〈[email protected]〉 Abstract.—Exquisitely preserved three-dimensional examples of the classic Ediacaran (late Neoproterozoic; 570–541 Ma) frond Charniodiscus arboreus Jenkins and Gehling, 1978 (herein referred to as Arborea arborea Glaessner in Glaessner and Daily, 1959) are reported from the Ediacara Member, Rawnsley Quartzite of South Australia, and allow for a detailed reinterpretation of its functional morphology and taxonomy. New specimens cast in three dimensions within sandy event beds showcase detailed branching morphology that highlights possible internal features that are strikingly different from rangeomorph and erniettomorph fronds. Combined with dozens of well-preserved two-dimensional impressions from the Flinders Ranges of South Australia, morphological variations within the traditional Arborea morphotype are interpreted as representing various stages of external molding. In rare cases, taphomorphs (morphological variants attributable to preservation) represent composite molding of internal features consisting of structural supports or anchoring sites for branching structures. -
Of Time and Taphonomy: Preservation in the Ediacaran
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/273127997 Of time and taphonomy: preservation in the Ediacaran CHAPTER · JANUARY 2014 READS 36 2 AUTHORS, INCLUDING: Charlotte Kenchington University of Cambridge 5 PUBLICATIONS 2 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Available from: Charlotte Kenchington Retrieved on: 02 October 2015 ! OF TIME AND TAPHONOMY: PRESERVATION IN THE EDIACARAN CHARLOTTE G. KENCHINGTON! 1,2 AND PHILIP R. WILBY2 1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, UK <[email protected]! > 2British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK ABSTRACT.—The late Neoproterozoic witnessed a revolution in the history of life: the transition from a microbial world to the one known today. The enigmatic organisms of the Ediacaran hold the key to understanding the early evolution of metazoans and their ecology, and thus the basis of Phanerozoic life. Crucial to interpreting the information they divulge is a thorough understanding of their taphonomy: what is preserved, how it is preserved, and also what is not preserved. Fortunately, this Period is also recognized for its abundance of soft-tissue preservation, which is viewed through a wide variety of taphonomic windows. Some of these, such as pyritization and carbonaceous compression, are also present throughout the Phanerozoic, but the abundance and variety of moldic preservation of body fossils in siliciclastic settings is unique to the Ediacaran. In rare cases, one organism is preserved in several preservational styles which, in conjunction with an increased understanding of the taphonomic processes involved in each style, allow confident interpretations of aspects of the biology and ecology of the organisms preserved. -
Annual Meeting 2011
The Palaeontological Association 55th Annual Meeting 17th–20th December 2011 Plymouth University PROGRAMME and ABSTRACTS Palaeontological Association 2 ANNUAL MEETING ANNUAL MEETING Palaeontological Association 1 The Palaeontological Association 55th Annual Meeting 17th–20th December 2011 School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Plymouth University The programme and abstracts for the 55th Annual Meeting of the Palaeontological Association are outlined after the following summary of the meeting. Venue The meeting will take place on the campus of Plymouth University. Directions to the University and a campus map can be found at <http://www.plymouth.ac.uk/location>. The opening symposium and the main oral sessions will be held in the Sherwell Centre, located on North Hill, on the east side of campus. Accommodation Delegates need to make their own arrangements for accommodation. Plymouth has a large number of hotels, guesthouses and hostels at a variety of prices, most of which are within ~1km of the University campus (hotels with PL1 or PL4 postcodes are closest). More information on these can be found through the usual channels, and a useful starting point is the website <http://www.visitplymouth.co.uk/site/where-to-stay>. In addition, we have organised discount rates at the Jury’s Inn, Exeter Street, which is located ~500m from the conference venue. A maximum of 100 rooms have been reserved, and will be allocated on a first-come-first-served basis. Further information can be found on the Association’s website. Travel Transport into Plymouth can be achieved via a variety of means. Travel by train from London Paddington to Plymouth takes between three and four hours depending on the time of day and the number of stops. -
Mistaken Point Ecological Reserve Management Plan
Mistaken Point Ecological Reserve Management Plan MISTAKEN POINT Ecological Reserve Management Plan Parks and Natural Areas Division Department of Environment and Conservation Mistaken Point Ecological Reserve Management Plan Recommended Citation: Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. 2009. Mistaken Point Ecological Reserve Management Plan. Parks and Natural Areas Division, Department of Environment and Conservation, Deer Lake, NL. 26 pp. For more information about Mistaken Point Ecological Reserve: Parks and Natural Areas Division Department of Environment and Conservation Government of Newfoundland and Labrador 33 Reid’s Lane, Deer Lake Newfoundland and Labrador A8A 2A3 Phone: 709.635.4520 Fax: 709.635.4541 Website: www.gov.nl.ca/parks Email: [email protected] March 2009 Management Plan prepared by: Richard Thomas, Erika Pittman, Siân French, Sean Greene, Jeri Graham, Tina Leonard, Doug Boyce, Dave Elliott and Valerie Sullivan Photo credits: Parks and Natural Areas Division (PNAD), Erika Pittman (unless otherwise noted) Mistaken Point Ecological Reserve Management Plan Foreword Newfoundland and Labrador’s protected areas are special places. They preserve examples of woodland caribou herds, diverse seabird colonies, globally important fossil sites, endangered and threatened plants and animals, and globally rare habitats. Our protected areas provide natural venues for scientifi c research, education, and enjoyment for current and future generations. Parks and Natural Areas Division of the Department of Environment and Conservation -
Ediacara Biota'
Edinburgh Research Explorer There is no such thing as the 'Ediacara Biota' Citation for published version: MacGabhann, BA 2014, 'There is no such thing as the 'Ediacara Biota'', Geoscience Frontiers, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 53-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2013.08.001 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1016/j.gsf.2013.08.001 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Published In: Geoscience Frontiers Publisher Rights Statement: Open Access General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 08. Oct. 2021 Geoscience Frontiers 5 (2014) 53e62 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Geoscience Frontiers journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/gsf Focus paper There is no such thing as the ‘Ediacara Biota’ Breandán Anraoi MacGabhann* School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, -
New Evidence on the Taphonomic Context of the Ediacaran Pteridinium
New evidence on the taphonomic context of the Ediacaran Pteridinium DAVID A. ELLIOTT, PATRICIA VICKERS−RICH, PETER TRUSLER, and MIKE HALL Elliott, D.A., Vickers−Rich, P., Trusler, P., and Hall, M. 2011. New evidence on the taphonomic context of the Ediacaran Pteridinium. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 56 (3): 641–650. New material collected from the Kliphoek Member of the Nama Group (Kuibis Subgroup, Dabis Formation) on Farm Aar, southern Namibia, offers insights concerning the morphology of the Ediacaran organism Pteridinium. Pteridinium fossils previously described as being preserved in situ have been discovered in association with scour−and−fill structures indicative of transport. Additionally, two Pteridinium fossils have been found within sedimentary dish structures in the Kliphoek Member. A form of organic surface with a discrete membrane−like habit has also been recovered from Farm Aar, and specimens exist with both Pteridinium and membrane−like structures superimposed. The association between Pteridinium fossils and membrane−like structures suggests several possibilities. Pteridinium individuals may have been transported before burial along with fragments of microbial mat; alternately they may have been enclosed by an external membranous structure during life. Key words: Pteridinium, Petalonamae, Vendobionta, taphonomy, palaeoecology, Kliphoek Member, Nama Group, Ediacaran. David A. Elliott [[email protected]], Patricia Vickers−Rich [[email protected]], Peter Trusler [pe− [email protected]], and Mike Hall [[email protected]], School of Geosciences, Monash University, Vic− toria, Australia 3800. Received 27 May 2010, accepted 21 October 2010, available online 22 October 2010. Introduction up−section. The Kliphoek Member represents the sandstone phase of the second of these cycles (Gresse and Germs 1993; Members of the genus Pteridinium were first described as Saylor et al. -
A Unique View on the Evolution of Marine Life
EXCEPTIONAL FOSSIL PRESERVATION: A Unique View on the Evolution of Marine Life Edited by DAVID J. BOTTJER COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS Bottjer_00FM 5/16/02 1:23 PM Page i EXCEPTIONAL FOSSIL PRESERVATION Critical Moments and Perspectives in Earth History and Paleobiology DAVID J. BOTTJER RICHARD K. BAMBACH Editors Bottjer_00FM 5/16/02 1:23 PM Page ii Critical Moments and Perspectives in Earth History and Paleobiology David J. Bottjer and Richard K. Bambach, Editors The Emergence of Animals: The Cambrian Breakthrough Mark A. S. McMenamin and Dianna L. S. McMenamin Phanerozoic Sea-Level Changes Anthony Hallam The Great Paleozoic Crisis: Life and Death in the Permian Douglas H. Erwin Tracing the History of Eukaryotic Cells: The Enigmatic Smile Betsey Dexter Dyer and Robert Alan Obar The Eocene-Oligocene Transition: Paradise Lost Donald R. Prothero The Late Devonian Mass Extinction: The Frasnian/Famennian Crisis George R. McGhee Jr. Dinosaur Extinction and the End of an Era: What the Fossils Say J. David Archibald One Long Experiment: Scale and Process in Earth History Ronald E. Martin Interpreting Pre-Quaternary Climate from the Geologic Record Judith Totman Parrish Theoretical Morphology: The Concept and Its Applications George R. McGhee Jr. Principles of Paleoclimatology Thomas M. Cronin The Ecology of the Cambrian Radiation Andrey Yu. Zhuravlev and Robert Riding, Editors Plants Invade the Land: Evolutionary and Environmental Perspectives Patricia G. Gensel and Dianne Edwards, Editors Bottjer_00FM 5/16/02 1:23 PM Page iii EXCEPTIONAL FOSSIL PRESERVATION A Unique View on the Evolution of Marine Life Edited by DAVID J. BOTTJER, WALTER ETTER, JAMES W.