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Serpentine Geoecology of Eastern North America: a Review
RHODORA, Vol. 111, No. 945, pp. 21–108, 2009 E Copyright 2009 by the New England Botanical Club SERPENTINE GEOECOLOGY OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICA: A REVIEW NISHANTA RAJAKARUNA College of the Atlantic, 105 Eden Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 Current Address: Department of Biological Sciences, One Washington Square, San Jose´ State University, San Jose´, CA 95192-0100 e-mail: [email protected] TANNER B. HARRIS University of Massachusetts, Fernald Hall, 270 Stockbridge Road, Amherst, MA 01003 EARL B. ALEXANDER 1714 Kasba Street, Concord, CA 94518 ABSTRACT. Serpentine outcrops are model habitats for geoecological studies. While much attention has been paid to serpentine outcrops worldwide, the literature on eastern North American serpentine and associated biota is scant. This review examines the available literature, published and unpublished, on geoecological studies conducted on serpentine in eastern North America, from Newfoundland through Que´bec and New England south to Alabama. Most serpentine outcrops in the region have been mapped, but there have been few intensive mineralogical and pedological investigations. The limited soil analyses available suggest elevated levels of heavy metals such as Ni, near-neutralpH values, and Ca:Mg ratios , 1, characteristic of serpentine soils worldwide. Botanical studies to date have largely focused on floristic surveys and the influence of fire exclusion and grazing on indigenous vegetation. To date, 751 taxa of vascular plants belonging to 92 families have been reported from serpentine outcrops in the region. Two taxa, Agalinis acuta and Schwalbea americana, are federally endangered in the United States while many others are listed as rare, endangered, or imperiled in one or more states or provinces. -
Washington Flora Checklist a Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Washington State Hosted by the University of Washington Herbarium
Washington Flora Checklist A checklist of the Vascular Plants of Washington State Hosted by the University of Washington Herbarium The Washington Flora Checklist aims to be a complete list of the native and naturalized vascular plants of Washington State, with current classifications, nomenclature and synonymy. The checklist currently contains 3,929 terminal taxa (species, subspecies, and varieties). Taxa included in the checklist: * Native taxa whether extant, extirpated, or extinct. * Exotic taxa that are naturalized, escaped from cultivation, or persisting wild. * Waifs (e.g., ballast plants, escaped crop plants) and other scarcely collected exotics. * Interspecific hybrids that are frequent or self-maintaining. * Some unnamed taxa in the process of being described. Family classifications follow APG IV for angiosperms, PPG I (J. Syst. Evol. 54:563?603. 2016.) for pteridophytes, and Christenhusz et al. (Phytotaxa 19:55?70. 2011.) for gymnosperms, with a few exceptions. Nomenclature and synonymy at the rank of genus and below follows the 2nd Edition of the Flora of the Pacific Northwest except where superceded by new information. Accepted names are indicated with blue font; synonyms with black font. Native species and infraspecies are marked with boldface font. Please note: This is a working checklist, continuously updated. Use it at your discretion. Created from the Washington Flora Checklist Database on September 17th, 2018 at 9:47pm PST. Available online at http://biology.burke.washington.edu/waflora/checklist.php Comments and questions should be addressed to the checklist administrators: David Giblin ([email protected]) Peter Zika ([email protected]) Suggested citation: Weinmann, F., P.F. Zika, D.E. Giblin, B. -
A Sensitive Plant and Wildlife Resource Inventory of Diablo Canyon Lands, Volume Ii
A SENSITIVE PLANT AND.WILDLIFE RESOURCE INVENTORY OF DIABLO CANYON LANDS, VOLUME I: SURVEY PROCEDURES AND A SUMMARY OF SURVEY RESULTS Prepared by: BioSystems Analysis, Inc. 303 Potrero Street, Suite 29-101 Santa Cruz, California 95060 and Pacific Gas and Electric Company Technical and Ecological Services 3400 Crow Canyon Road San Ramon, California 94583 Prepared for: Pacific Gas and Electric Company Diablo Canyon Land Stewardship Committee Diablo Canyon Power Plant Avila Beach, California © 1995 by PG&E (Revised 1996) Legal Notice Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E) makes no warranty or representation, expressed or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained in this report, or that the use of any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report may not infringe upon privately owned rights. Nor does PG&E assume any liability with respect to use of, or damages resulting from the use of, any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report. © 1995 by PG&E All rights reserved EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PG&E owns or controls through long-term lease agreements approximately 10,000 acres of ecologically diverse coastal lands surrounding Diablo Canyon Power Plant in San Luis Obispo County, California. Beginning in 1992, a comprehensive survey of these lands was undertaken to identify and describe all sensitive plant and wildlife resources not previously known that might occur there. Though not required by state or federal regulatory agencies, this voluntary effort is consistent with PG&E's Corporate Policy on Management of Company Real Property (Section 7, paragraphs a and d), as well as specific Best Management Practices identified by the Diablo Canyon Land Stewardship Program (PG&E 1993a). -
Refining Phylogenetic Hypotheses Using Chloroplast Genomics and Incomplete Data Sets in Lasthenia (Madieae, Asteraceae) Joseph Frederic Walker Purdue University
Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs Open Access Theses Theses and Dissertations Summer 2014 Refining phylogenetic hypotheses using chloroplast genomics and incomplete data sets in Lasthenia (Madieae, Asteraceae) Joseph Frederic Walker Purdue University Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses Part of the Biology Commons, Botany Commons, and the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Recommended Citation Walker, Joseph Frederic, "Refining phylogenetic hypotheses using chloroplast genomics and incomplete data sets in Lasthenia (Madieae, Asteraceae)" (2014). Open Access Theses. 701. https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/701 This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] for additional information. REFINING PHYLOGENETIC HYPOTHESES USING CHLOROPLAST GENOMICS AND INCOMPLETE DATA SETS IN LASTHENIA (MADIEAE, ASTERACEAE) A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Purdue University by Joseph Frederic Walker In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science August 2014 Purdue University West Lafayette, Indiana ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First of all I would like to thank Dr. Nancy Emery. I would not have accomplished what I have and would not be headed to a PhD program at Michigan if it was not for her. Her mentoring allowed me to design and lead my projects, but at the same time she has always been there when I need help. I am thankful that I have had an opportunity to work with an advisor who puts her students first and always makes sure what happens is in their best interest. With that in mind, I would also like to thank Dr. -
Pteridium Aquilinum Var. Pubescens Bracken Polystichum Munitum
Glass Beach Vascular Plants List March 12, 2020 - Teresa Sholars Rank Binomial Common Name FERNS Cystopteridaceae Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens bracken Dryopteridaceae Polystichum munitum sword fern Equisetaceae Equisetum telmateia ssp. braunii giant horsetail Polypodaceae Polypodium calirhiza nested polypody GYMNOSPERMS CUPRESSACEAE Hesperocyparis macrocarpa (Cupressus m.) * Monterey cypress PINACEAE Pinus radiata * Monterey pine EUDICOTS Aizoaceae Carpobrotus chilensis * sea fig, ice plant Carpobrotus edulis * ice plant Anacardiaceae Toxicodendron diversilobum Poison Oak Apiaceae Angelica hendersonii angelica Conioselinum pacificum Daucus pusillus rattlesnake weed Foeniculum vulgare * fennel Heracleum lanatum cow parsnip Oenanthe sarmentosa water parsley Sanicula arctopoides footsteps of spring Apocynaceae Vinca major * greater periwinkle Asteraceae Achillea millefolium yarrow Ambrosia chamissonis beach-bur Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting Baccharis douglasii Baccharis pilularis coyote brush 1B.2 Blennosperma nanum var. robustum Point Reyes blennosperma Cirsium douglasii ssp. d. California swamp thistle Cirsium quercetorum brownie thistle Cirsium vulgare bull thistle Corethrogyne filaginifolia (Lessingia filaginifolia var. californica) common sand aster, California aster Erigeron glaucus seaside daisy Eriophyllum lanatum var. arachnoideum woolly sunflower Gnaphalium purpureum Gnaphalium sp. cudweed Gnaphalium stramineum Grindelia stricta var. platyphylla gumplant Helenium bolanderi sneezeweed 1B.2 Hesperevax sparsiflora -
Classification, Vegetation-Environment Relationships, and Distribution of Plant Communities on Southeast Farallon Island, California
CLASSIFICATION, VEGETATION-ENVIRONMENT RELATIONSHIPS, AND DISTRIBUTION OF PLANT COMMUNITIES ON SOUTHEAST FARALLON ISLAND, CALIFORNIA A Thesis submitted to the faculty of A 6 San Francisco State University 3G In partial fulfillment of 2-01$ the requirements for the Degree Master of Arts In Geography: Resource Management and Environmental Planning by Jamie Lee Hawk San Francisco, California May 2015 Copyright by Jamie Lee Hawk 2015 CERTIFICATION OF APPROVAL I certify that I have read Classification, Vegetation-Environment Relationships, and Distribution of Plant Communities on Southeast Farallon Island, California by Jamie Lee Hawk, and that in my opinion this work meets the criteria for approving a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree Master of Arts in Geography: Resource Management and Environmental Planning at San Francisco State University. Professor Jaime Jahncke, Ph.D. California Current Director, Point Blue Conservation Science CLASSIFICATION, VEGETATION-ENVIRONMENT RELATIONSHIPS, AND DISTRIBUTION OF PLANT COMMUNITIES ON SOUTHEAST FARALLON ISLAND, CALIFORNIA Jamie Lee Hawk San Francisco, California 2015 We present the plant communities of Southeast Farallon Island and describe their relationships to environmental variables and disturbance factors. We sampled a total of 42 vegetation plots containing 26 taxa with a stratified design across the 29-hectare (72- acre) island. To classify the herbaceous communities we applied agglomerative hierarchical clustering, while the influence of site parameters was obtained using Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) ordination. A total of five plant communities were classified, including two native plant assemblages (Spergularia macrotheca type and Lasthenia maritima type) and three invaded communities (Tetragonia tetragonioides type, Plantago coronopus type, and Mixed vegetation type). -
KALMIOPSIS Journal of the Native Plant Society of Oregon
KALMIOPSIS Journal of the Native Plant Society of Oregon Morton E. Peck, 1871-1959 ISSN 1055-419X Volume 7, 2001 EDITORIAL KALMIOPSIS At long last your journal Kalmiopsis appears. This issue Journal of the Native Plant Society of Oregon, ©2001 celebrates four major projects in Oregon of great interest to NPSO membership. First, a selection by EDITOR Susan Kephart from the upcoming biographical Linda Ann Vorobik, PhD compendium, Plant Hunters of the Pacific Northwest, edited by Art Kruckeberg and Rhoda Love. Second, a ASSISTANT EDITOR summary of the Oregon Flora Project by Ken Cham- bers and Scott Sundberg, with a complete list of name Cindy Roché, PhD changes for Asteraceae. Third, an overview of the Siskiyou Field Project, by Jen Marsden and Eric Jules, EDITORIAL BOARD including a listing of classes for 2001, and finally, a Stuart Garrett, MD sampling of the Carex Working Group’s tome on Susan Kephart, PhD Oregon sedges. Many thanks to the authors for their Rhoda M. Love, PhD contributions, to readers for their patience, and especially to the invaluable help of new assistant editor Cindy Roché. We have implemented many changes NPSO WEB PAGE within Kalmiopsis, and look forward to receiving your http://www.NPSOregon.org comments. MEMBERSHIP Membership in the Native Plant Society of Oregon is open to all. Membership applications, renewals and changes of address (include old address and zip code) should be sent to the NPSO Membership Chair, Jan Dobak, 2584 NW Savier St., Portland, OR 97210-2412 Student $12; Regular $18; Family $24; Sustaining $50; Patron $100; Life Member $500 Subscription Only (Bulletin and Kalmiopsis) $18 CONTACT INFORMATION KALMIOPSIS EDITOR: Linda Ann Vorobik, P.O. -
Summary Information
Summary Information Marin Audubon Society Petaluma Marsh Expansion Project − monitoring and secondary test site for the integrated regional wetland monitoring project Amount sought: $235,000 Duration: 12 months Lead investigator: Dr. Stuart Siegel, Wetlands and Water Resources Short Description This project will monitor and evaluate the Petaluma Marsh Expansion Project (PMEP),(ERP Project # ERP−98−F13). This project will monitor this marsh as a secondary site within the Integrated Regional Wetland Monitoring Project (IRWM). This project will: 1) evaluate the underlying management question, how are ecosystem restoration efforts throughout the region affecting ecosystem processes at different scales; and (2) through application of adaptive monitoring strategy concepts, prepare for subsequent longer−term monitoring. Executive Summary The restoration action we propose to monitor and evaluate is the Petaluma Marsh Expansion Project (PMEP), which is funded by the CALFED Ecological Restoration Program (ERP Project # ERP−98−F13) and CalTrans and owned and operated by the Marin Audubon Society (MAS). We want to monitor this marsh as a secondary site within the Integrated Regional Wetland Monitoring Project (IRWM). The project site is next to the ancient Petaluma Marsh, on the San Antonio Creek near the Marin/Sonoma County borders. The project involves restoring approximately 110 acres of diked baylands back to tidal marsh by breaching/lowering levees, excavating tidal channels, planting salt marsh vegetation, and more. The goals of the restoration project are (1) to increase tidal marsh habitat in the North Bay, which has lost most of its historic tidal marshes, and (2) to provide habitat for special−status species such as the California clapper rail and salt marsh harvest mouse. -
The Lasthenia Californica Story: It Started with Flavonoids
Bohm & Rajakaruna. 2006. Published in Natural Product Communications. 11:1013-1022. The Lasthenia californica Story: It Started with Flavonoids Bruce A. Bohma* and Nishanta Rajakarunab a3685 W. 15th Avenue, Vancouver, B .C. V6R 2Z6 Canada bCollege of the Atlantic, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA [email protected] Dedicated to Professor E. Wollenweber on the occasion of his 65th birthday. Our laboratory’s study of Lasthenia (Asteraceae) began with an examination of flavonoid profiles of all species of the genus. The finding of two distinct flavonoid races within the L. californica complex led us to investigate environmental factors that might have been responsible for selection of these particular forms. Data were gathered on soil chemistry, allozyme variation, breeding biology, the effect of water stress on plant growth, and ion uptake physiology. In conjunction with workers at other institutions, DNA studies were undertaken to determine evolutionary relationships between the two races. These studies led to the recognition that racial differences had arisen in parallel in two phylogenetically independent lineages. These results are discussed in terms of the evolution of edaphic (soil type) races, and the possible usefulness of the system as a model for future studies of parallel speciation in plants. Keywords: Lasthenia, edaphic races, serpentine soils, speciation, speciation model. Lasthenia is a small genus in Asteraceae that consists pools in the Central Valley of California, while others of as many as 21 species and subspecies, depending occur on serpentine-derived soils. Edaphic on taxonomic opinion, with a mainly western North specialization seems to be one of the major features American distribution but with a single species in of the genus and the Chilean species represent one of Chile. -
Lessons on Evolution from the Study of Edaphic Specialization
Bot. Rev. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-017-9193-2 Lessons on Evolution from the Study of Edaphic Specialization Nishanta Rajakaruna1,2,3 1 Biological Sciences Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA 2 Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa 3 Author for Correspondence; e-mail: [email protected] # The New York Botanical Garden 2017 Abstract Plants adapted to special soil types are ideal for investigating evolutionary processes, including maintenance of intraspecific variation, adaptation, reproductive isola- tion, ecotypic differentiation, and the tempo and mode of speciation. Common garden and reciprocal transplant approaches show that both local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity contribute to edaphic (soil-related) specialization. Edaphic specialists evolve rapidly and repeatedly in some lineages, offering opportunities to investigate parallel evolution, a process less commonly documented in plants than in animals. Adaptations to soil features are often under the control of major genes and they frequently have direct or indirect effects on genes that contribute to reproductive isolation. Both reduced competitiveness and greater susceptibility to herbivory have been documented among some edaphic specialists when grown in ‘normal’ soils, suggesting that a high physiological cost of tolerance may result in strong divergent selection across soil boundaries. Interactions with microbes, herbivores, and pollinators influence soil specialization either by directly enhancing tolerance to extremes in soil conditions or by reducing gene flow between divergent populations. Climate change may further restrict the distribution of edaphic specialists due to increased competition from other taxa or, expand their ranges, if preadaptations to drought or other abiotic stressors render them more competitive under a novel climate. -
Islands of the Californias
$10.00 (free to members) VOL. 45, NO.3 • November 2017 FREMONTIA JOURNAL OF THE CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY SPECIAL ISSUE: Islands of the Californias 1 California Native Plant Society CNPS, 2707 K Street, Suite 1; Sacramento, CA 95816-5130 Phone: (916) 447-2677 • Fax: (916) 447-2727 FREMONTIA www.cnps.org • [email protected] VOL. 45, NO. 3, November 2017 Memberships Copyright © 2017 Members receive many benefits, including a subscription toFremontia California Native Plant Society and the CNPS Bulletin. Look for more on inside back cover. ISSN 0092-1793 (print) Mariposa Lily.............................$1,500 Family..............................................$75 ISSN 2572-6870 (online) Benefactor....................................$600 International or library...................$75 Patron............................................$300 Individual................................$45 John Knapp, Editor Plant lover.....................................$100 Student/retired..........................$25 Michael Kauffmann, Editor & Designer Corporate/Organizational 10+ Employees.........................$2,500 4-6 Employees..............................$500 7-10 Employees.........................$1,000 1-3 Employees............................$150 Staff & Contractors Dan Gluesenkamp: Executive Director Michael Kauffmann: CNPS Press Protecting California’s native Christopher Brown: Membership and Elizabeth Kubey: Conference Assistant flora since 1965 Sales Coordinator David Magney: Rare Plant Program Dir. Jennifer Buck-Diaz: Vegetation Ecologist -
Applying the Concept of Stewardship Responsibility in British Columbia
technical subcommittee component report Applying the Concept of Stewardship Responsibility in British Columbia PREPARED BY: FRED L. BUNNELL, L. KREMSATER AND I. HOUDE FOR: THE BIODIVERSITY BC TECHNICAL SUBCOMMITTEE FOR THE REPORT ON THE STATUS OF BIODIVERSITY IN BC DECEMBER 2006 Applying the Concept of Stewardship Responsibility in British Columbia By: Fred L. Bunnell L. Kremsater I. Houde Prepared for: The Biodiversity BC Technical Sub Committee For the Report on the Status on Biodiversity in BC December 2006 Summary Lists of species at risk are designed primarily to provide an easily understood estimate of risk and extinction. The lists have become linked to decision-making processes, often in unhelpful ways. Unhelpful guidance can be reduced through the concept of responsibility. The broad concept of stewardship responsibility is simple: within a jurisdiction we should allocate greater effort to conserve species for which we have a greater proportion of the global population or range (responsibility). That is, other things being equal, a species having 70% of its population or range within British Columbia should receive greater conservation effort than a species having 2% of its range within the province. The concept is widely applied in international conservation efforts and can be adapted readily to a particular jurisdiction. For most species, responsibility is estimated from the proportion of occupied range occurring within British Columbia. The task is simple but tedious because a variety of sources are required for the vast majority of species. Estimating responsibility for ecosystems confronts a major challenge: there is far less agreement on what is the same ecosystem than on what is the same species.