World Bank Document

E1748 v2

PEPOLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA Public Disclosure Authorized YUNNAN PROVINICAL GOVERNMENT THE WORLD BANK

Public Disclosure Authorized YUNNAN URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT (YUEP)

Public Disclosure Authorized CONSOLIDATED ENVIRONMENTAL

ASSESSMENT REPORT

Public Disclosure Authorized YUNNAN URBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT OFFICE KUNMING UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY UGUST A 2007 DRAFT VERSION

IDU 11/5/07 YUEP - Consolidated EA Report

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE...... I 1 INTRODUCTION...... 1 1.1 YUEP PROJECT BACKGROUND...... 1 1.1.1 GOVERNMENT STRATEGY ...... 1 1.1.2 PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SIGNIFICANCE...... 3 1.1.3 THE GOAL AND OBJECTIVES OF YUEP...... 3 1.1.4 WORLD BANK CONTRIBUTION ...... 4 1.1.5 YUEP PROJECT ORGANIZATION ...... 5 1.2 Overview of the Consolidated EA (CEA)...... 6 1.2.1 PURPOSE OF EA...... 6 1.2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF CEA AND THE GRADE OF ASSESSMENT...... 6 1.2.3 PREPARATION OF CEA ...... 9 1.2.4 COMPOSITION OF THE CEA AND THE ASSESSMENT CONSULTANT...... 10 1.3 THE RESEARCH SCOPE OF CEA...... 12 1.3.1 MACRO-LEVEL ANALYSIS...... 12 1.3.2 DURATIONS TO BE ANALYZED BY CEA ...... 12 1.3.3 THE RELATIONS BETWEEN SUBCOMPONENT EIA AND THE CEA...... 12 1.4 THE SCOPE OF EA AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS (SENSITIVE POINTS) 12 1.4.1 SCOPE OF EA...... 12 1.4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS (SENSITIVE POINTS)...... 15 1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT FACTORS AND ASSESSMENT FACTORS ...... 15 1.5.1 IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT FACTORS...... 15 1.5.2 EACREENING ...... 16 2 INSTITUTIONAL & REGULATORY FRAMEWORK...... 25 2.1 Environmental Policy Framework...... 25 2.1.1 introduction ...... 25 2.1.2 Environmental prtection Laws And Regulations...... 25 2.1.3 Technical Policies for Pollution Prevention & Control...... 26 2.1.4 Socio-economic Development And Environment protection Plans And Planning .....26 2.1.5 Technoque Guide Rule And Criterion of EIA...... 27 2.1.6 Environmental Quality Standards...... 28 2.1.7 Pollutants Discharge and control Standards ...... 28 2.1.8 The World Bank Safeguards Policies...... 46 2.1.9 Documents Referred in Processing this EA Report...... 47 2.2 Environmental Management Institutions and Roles...... 48 3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS ...... 55 3.1 project name and organization ...... 55 3.2 Project Proposed Location...... 56 3.3 Subcomponents’ Owners or Implementing Organization ...... 62 3.4 project construction scheme ...... 64 3.4.1 Project construction scale and content ...... 64 3.4.2 Subcomponents’ construction locations...... 81 3.4.3 Objectives of Subcomponents ...... 84 3.5 Subcomponents of water supply...... 89 3.5.1 Main properties ...... 89 3.5.2 Pipe network and pump station ...... 89

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3.5.3 Water Treatment Process...... 90 3.5.4 The usability analysis of water resources...... 90 3.6 Subcomponents of Municipal Waste Water Treatment...... 92 3.6.1 Main Attributes ...... 92 3.6.2 Influent and Effluent Water Quality of the waste water treatment facility...... 93 3.7 Subcomponents of Riverway Water Environment Integrated Renovation...... 95 3.7.1 Main Attributes ...... 95 3.7.2 Dredging...... 96 3.7.3 Riverway Integrated Renovation Analysis...... 96 3.8 Subcomponents of Municipal Solid Waste Disposal ...... 97 3.8.1 Main Attributes ...... 97 3.8.2 Solid Waste Disposal Methods...... 98 3.8.3 Disposal of Leachate ...... 98 3.8.4 Disposal of Landfill Gas...... 99 3.9 Investment of subcomponents...... 100 3.10 Implementation schedule plan...... 101 4 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE OF PROJECT AREAS...... 103 4.1 Environmental Overview of Yunnan Province ...... 103 4.2 Environmental Overview of Project Area in Kunming...... 106 4.2.1 Luquan County...... 106 4.2.2 Songming County...... 109 4.2.3 Xundian County...... 112 4.3 Environment Overview of Dali City (Erhai) ...... 115 4.3.1 Dali City ...... 115 4.3.2 Eryuan County...... 121 4.3.3 Erhai Lake Basin ...... 124 4.4 Overview of Environment in Lijiang Area...... 130 4.4.1 Lijiang City ...... 131 4.4.2 Huaping County...... 134 4.4.3 Yulong County...... 137 4.5 Overview of Environment in Wenshan Prefecture...... 140 4.5.1 Wenshan County ...... 140 4.5.2 Qiubei County ...... 143 4.5.3 MaLiPo Count...... 149 4.5.4 Funing County...... 152 4.5.5 Yanshan County ...... 157 4.5.6 Guangnan County...... 160 4.5.7 Maguan County ...... 163 4.6 Dam Safety...... 166 5 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPREHENSIVE IMPACT ASSESSMENT...... 168 5.1 Environmental impact analysis during constructional period ...... 168 5.1.1 Water supply and STP projects ...... 168 5.1.2 Waterway (lakes) comprehensive regulaiton ...... 181 5.1.3 Subcomponentof municipal facilities of waste treatment...... 195 5.1.4 Other types of projects ...... 196 5.2 Subcomponentimpact analysis in Running phase ...... 202 5.2.1 Water Supply and drainage projects and WWTP...... 202 5.2.2 The sub-components of municipal solid waste...... 217 5.2.3 The Integrated Environmental Renovation Subcomponents on Rivers (Lakes)...... 236 5.2.4 Other types...... 238

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6 MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 242 6.1 The mitigation measures during construction phase ...... 242 6.1.1 Mitigation Measures of WS & WW Sub-components ...... 242 6.1.2 Mitigation Measures for Domestic SW Sub-component...... 243 6.1.3 Mitigation Meaures for River/Lake water environment rehabilitation treatment...... 248 6.1.4 Other Subcomponents ...... 252 6.2 Mitigation during operating stage ...... 256 6.2.1 Water supply and STP sub-component ...... 256 6.2.2 Municipal waste solid treatment sub-component ...... 259 6.2.3 The comprehensive treatment sub-component for the water(lake) environment ...... 262 6.2.4 Other sub-components...... 263 7 ENVIRONMENT RISK ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 267 7.1 Water Supply Sub-Components ...... 267 7.1.1 Environmental Risk from Water Quality Deterioration and Quantity Scarcity in Water Resource and the Mitigation Measures ...... 267 7.1.2 Chlorine Leakage Risk and Mitigation Measures ...... 269 7.2 WWTP and Associated Sewer Networks Components...... 272 7.2.1 Potentially Environmental Risk Accidents in WWTP...... 272 7.2.2 Environmental Risk of Sewer Pipelines and the Mitigation Measures ...... 276 7.2.3 Municipal Solid Waste Management Components ...... 277 8 ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS...... 281 8.1 Contents and Principles for Alternatives Analysis...... 281 8.2 Alternatives Comparison Analysis of Water Supply Component ...... 281 8.2.1 Analysis on Alternatives of “With” and “Without” the Sub-Component ...... 281 8.2.2 Analysis on Sources of Water Supply Alternatives...... 282 8.2.3 Pipeline System Pavement Comparison Analysis...... 284 8.2.4 Water Treatment Process Comparison in Water Supply Plant...... 285 8.2.5 Water Supply Plant Site Comparison Analysis ...... 286 8.2.6 Water pipelines proposal comparison analysis...... 287 8.3 Alterative Propasal Comparison Analysis of Sewage Treatment Component ...... 288 8.3.1 No Project Comparison Analysis ...... 288 8.3.2 Sewage networks Propasal Comparison Analysis...... 289 8.3.3 WWTP site selection Comparison Anlysis ...... 290 8.3.4 Wastewater Treatment Processes Comparison Analysis...... 295 8.3.5 Sludge Disposal Propasal Comparison Analysis...... 301 8.4 Alternative Propasal Comparison and Analysis MSW Disposal Project ...... 304 8.4.1 No Project Comparison Analysis ...... 304 8.4.2 MSW Disposal Propasal Comparation...... 305 8.4.3 Landfill Site Comparison ...... 306 8.4.4 Leachate Treatment Propasal Comparison...... 312 8.5 Alterative Propasal Comparison Analysis for River Water Environment Integrated Treatment Project ...... 315 8.5.1 8.5.1No Project Comparison Analysis ...... 315 8.5.2 Specific Propasal Comparison Analysis...... 315 8.5.3 Dredging Propasal Comparison...... 320 9 ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS ANALYSIS ...... 321 9.1 Project Development Objective and Impact Analysis...... 321 9.1.1 Project Development Objective and General Impact ...... 321 9.1.2 Project Output and Performance ...... 321

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9.2 Expected Project Benefits...... 322 9.2.1 Basic Benefits...... 322 9.2.2 Benefits on Public Health and Living Quality...... 323 9.2.3 Reduction of Pollution to Water Environment...... 323 9.2.4 Protection of Er’hai...... 323 9.2.5 Aquatic Ecology and Wetland Conservation...... 324 9.2.6 Flood Prevention and Improvement of Residing Safety...... 325 9.2.7 Capacity Building on Environment Management ...... 327 9.3 Impact Brought by the Project Sitting...... 328 9.3.1 Environmental Impact of Resettlement ...... 328 9.3.2 Impact on Physical Culture Resources...... 328 9.3.3 Impact to International Waterways ...... 331 9.4 Environmental Benefits...... 332 9.4.1 Eco-system of River/Lake Basins Approach to Benign Circulation ...... 332 9.4.2 Pollutant Load Reduction...... 333 9.4.3 Water Quality Improvement...... 333 9.4.4 Water and Soil Conservation Benefit...... 333 9.4.5 Eco-landscape Benefit...... 334 9.4.6 Increasing of Environment Management Ability Benefit ...... 334 9.4.7 Provision of a Sound Enviornmental Conditions to Local Socio-Economic Growth334 9.5 Social Benefit ...... 334 9.5.1 Increased Residents Health Level and Improved People’s Living Quality...... 334 9.5.2 Increased Employment Opportunity...... 334 9.5.3 Imporved Investment Environment and Enhanced Regional Sustainability ...... 335 9.5.4 Increased Public Awareness Towards Environmental Protection ...... 335 9.5.5 Imporved Flood Control Capacity...... 335 9.5.6 Provision Basic Data for Regional Pollution Abatement ...... 335 9.6 Economic Benefit...... 335 9.6.1 Economic benefit from Pollution Control ...... 335 9.6.2 Eco-environment Improvement Benefit ...... 336 9.6.3 Tourism Development Benefit ...... 336 9.6.4 Income Increasing Benefit...... 336 9.7 Conclusion...... 336 10 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND INFORMATION PUBLICITY ...... 338 10.1 ology and Approach ...... 338 10.2 Output and Conclusion...... 340 10.2.1 Output and Conclusion of the First Public Participation...... 341 10.2.2 Output and Conclusion of The Second Public Participation ...... 345 10.2.3 Output and Conclusion of Information Publicity ...... 348 11 RESETTLEMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ...... 349 11.1 Overview...... 349 11.2 Project Impact ...... 349 11.3 Policy Structure and Deserved Right ...... 350 11.4 Land and Building Conpensation Standard...... 351 11.5 Restoration Measures of Income and Building ...... 352 11.6 Institutional Arrangement...... 353 11.7 Vulnerable Groups...... 353 11.8 Appeal Mechanism...... 353 11.9 Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)...... 354 11.10 Financing and Implementation Planning...... 354

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12 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) ...... 355 12.1 Environmental Management System...... 355 12.1.1 Environmental Management Administrative System...... 355 12.1.2 Supervision of Environmental Managemen ...... 356 12.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan...... 358 12.2.1 Environmental Monitoring Organization ...... 358 12.2.2 Implementation of Environmental Monitoring...... 359 12.3 Training Plan...... 364 12.3.1 Environmental Management Personnel and Environmental Supervisor ...... 364 12.3.2 Construction Unit and Worker ...... 365 12.3.3 Operators ...... 365 12.3.4 Training and its Budget ...... 366 12.4 Estimation of Environment Management Expenses and Resource ...... 366 12.4.1 Budget Distribution:...... 366 12.4.2 Budget of EMP and Fund Resource ...... 366 13 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION...... 372

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ABBREVIATIONS, ACRONYMS AND UNITS

A²/O Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic biologic phosphorus & nitrogen removal

BOD5 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (5 days) BOT Built, Operate & Transfer CEA Consolidated Environmental Assessment COD Chemical Oxygen Demand

CODMn Permanganate Index CSEE Construction Supervision Environmental Engineer CSEMP Construction Site Environmental Management Plan DI Design Institute DRA Design Review and Advisory (services) EA Environmental Assessment EMC Environmental Management Coordinator EMP Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan EMS Environmental Monitoring Station EPB Environmental Protection Bureau ESU Environmental Supervision Unit FS Feasibility Study IA Implementation Agency IPP Indigenous People’s Plan KMUST Kunming University of Science and Technology Mu Area Unit (1MU＝0.0667 ha) NCP Nuisance Control Plan NDRC National Development and Reform Commission

NH3-N Ammonia Nitrogen PCLG Project Coordination Leading Group PIP Project Implementation Plan PMO Project Management Office PO Project Owner POIU Project Owner Implementation Unit PPE Personal Protective Equipment

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PPP Project Procurement Plan PRC The People’s Republic of China RAP Resettlement Action Plan RMB Chinese Yuan (Renminbi) SA Social Assessment SE Supervision Engineer SEPA State Environmental Protection Administration SRS Standard Site Inspection Review Sheet SS Suspended Solids SW Solid Waste TOR Terms of Reference TP Total Phosphorus TSP Total Suspended Particulates TSS Total Suspended Solids USD United States Dollar WB World Bank WS Water Supply WTP Water Treatment Plant WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant YDRC Yunnan Development and Reform Commission YEPB Yunnan Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau YN Yunnan Nan YUEP Yunnan Urban Environment Project

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PREFACE

Yunnan Urban Environment Project (YUEP) sets the destination of the improvement to the municipal infrastructures in municipalities of Kunming and Lijiang and prefectures of Dali and Wenshan, and environmental quality of Erhai lake basin, for which Yunnan provincial government is preparing to make use of WB loans. As to the project progress up to date, YUEP consists of 28 subcomponents, concerning municipal waste water treatment and associated sewers networks rehabilitation, domestic solid waste disposal, riverway (lakes) water environment integrated renovation, environmental integrated capacity building and etc. According to the CEA approach defined by the TOR of the CEA, the above mentioned subcomponents are classified to 4 sectors, i.e. water supply and drainage and municipal waste water treatment (including sewers networks), river course (lakes) water environment integrated rehabilitation/renovation, municipal solid waste management (including collection, transferring and sanitary disposal) and others. For every subcomponent’s names and locations see Table 0.1, 0.2 and diagram 0.1. In accordance with the agreement signed by Yunnan Provincial YUEP Project Management Office (PMO) and Kunming University of Science and Technology (KMUST), KMUST composes the CEA, on the basis of the summarization of EA from subcomponents. For consultants of the preparation of individual EAs is shown in Table 0.1. Based on the principles of WB Safeguard Policies and domestic EA laws and regulations, KMUST collected relevant information concerning the EA, investigated the project location options and peripheral surroundings, screened and classified the environmental problems, composed and reviewed TOR of CEA, analyzed and compared optional substitutes, finalized information disclosure and public participation, and composed CEA. Out of the above process, KMUST composed three sectoral TORs of EA, which included water supply and drainage and municipal waste water treatment and associated sewers networks rehabilitation, domestic solid waste disposal, riverway water environment integrated renovation, reviewed by the specialists from Yunnan Provincial Assessment Center for Environmental Engineering (YPACEE). The CEA composition is under the great help and support from Yunnan Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau (YEPB), PMO, YPERAC, the Environmental Protection Bureaus (EPBs) and the PMOs of Kunming and Dali municipalities and Lijiang and Wenshan prefectures, the consultants of EA i.e. Kunming Municipality & Dali prefecture Institutes of Environmental Science, Yunnan Provincial Science Development Center, Yunnan Provincial Science Service Center, Yunnan University, subcomponents owners, Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) consulting institute, Yunnan Provincial Design Institute, international consultancy company - Group Huit and Sogreah. Finally, we are grateful and thank the above units and companies for the generous support and encouragement they have provided.

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Table 0.1 Subcomponent’s Name and location, and Consultants for EA Statements (Tables) Subcomponent’s Number Name of Subcomponents EA Consultants Location(Municipality/Prefecture ) Monitoring and management support system for total water 1 pollutants control in Lake Dianchi Basin Kunming Municipal Institute Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Luquan 2 of County Town Kunming Environmental Science Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Songming (4) 3 County Town Yunnan Provincial Science & Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Xundian 4 Technology Development County Town Center Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Eryuan 5 County Town WWTP and associated sewer network in Dengchuan Town of 6 Eryuan County Town 7 Rural Non-point pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin Dali Prefecture Institute of Water environmental integrated treatment Environmental Science Integrated project in Yong’an River water Water environmental integrated treatment environmental project in Miju River Dali Prefecture renovation of Water environmental integrated treatment (5) 8 major project in Luoshi River riverways into Water environmental integrated treatment Lake Erhai project in Boluo River Water environmental integrated renovation in 18 streams of Mt. Cangshan Sewer in ancient Dali City Yunnan University Urban sewer Sewage collection networks in Fengyi Town network in Dali 9 of Dali City City Sewer in Tourism District of Dali City

Drainage net woks in Xizhou town of Dali City Lijiang 10 WWTP and intercepting sewer in Huaping County Town Yunnan Provincial (5) Environmental 11 Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Lijiang Science & Technology City

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Service Centre 12 No.2 WWTP and associated sewer network in Lijiang City 13 Urban sewer network in Yulong County Town Integrated environmental renovation of Lion Mountain in Old 14 Town of Lijiang City Capacity building in environmental monitoring and supervision 15 system of Wenshan Prefecture Integrated environmental renovation of Panlong River (urban 16 section) in Wenshan County 17 Urban sewer network in Wenshan County Town 18 WWTP and associated sewer network in Qiubei County 19 Water Supply in Qiubei County Town Yunnan Provincial Integrated improvement of water environment in Lake Puzhehei of 20 Environmental Qiubei County Town Science & Technology Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Malipo Wenshan prefecture 21 Service Centre County Town (14) 22 WWTP and intercepting sewer in Malipo County Town 23 WWTP and associated sewer network in Fu'ning County Town Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Fu'ning 24 County Town Integrated environmental improvement in Puttng River (urban 25 sections) in Fu'ning County 26 Sewer network in Yanshan County Town 27 WWTP and intercepting sewer in Guangnan County Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Maguan 28 County Town Information source: PMO, 2007-9-30 Note: As the two subcomponents of Monitoring and management support system for total water pollutants control in Lake Dianchi Basin and Capacity building in environmental monitoring and supervision system of Wenshan Prefecture, are simple in the contents and have little impacts to the environment, based on the domestic relevant EIA regulations and requirements of WB Safeguard Policy, it’s only necessary to prepare EA forms for both subcomponents.

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Table 0.2 Types and Locations of Project Subcomponents

Location Categories of Subcomponents No. Name of Subcomponents (Municipality/Prefecture) WWTP and associated sewers network in Dengchuan Town of Eryuan 1 County Town Dali Prefecture (2) 2 Urban sewer network in Dali City

3 WWTP and intercepting sewer in Huaping County Town Lijiang Municipality 4 No.2 WWTP and associated sewer network in Lijiang City Town (3) 5 Urban sewer network in Yulong County Town Water Supply and Municipal waste water treatment 6 Urban sewer network in Wenshan County Town

(12 subcomponents) 7 WWTP and associated sewer network in Qiubei County Town

8 Water Supply in Qiubei County Town

9 WWTP and intercepting sewer in Malipo County Town Wenshan Prefecture (7)

10 WWTP and associated sewer network in Fu'ning County Town

11 Sewer network in Yanshan County Town

12 WWTP and intercepting sewer in Guangnan County Town Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Luquan Municipal solid waste disposal 13 County (8 subcomponents) Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Songming Kunming Municipality 14 County Town (3) Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Xundian 15 County Town Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Eryuan 16 Dali Prefecture (1) County Town Lijiang Municipality 17 Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Lijiang City (1) Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Malipo 18 Wenshan Prefecture (3) County Town

19 Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Fu’ning

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County Town Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Maguan 20 County Town Integrated water environmental renovation of major riverways into 21 Dali Prefecture (1) Lake Erhai Integrated environmental renovation Panlong River (the urban section) Riverways water environment integrated 22 within Wenshan County Town area renovation Integrated improvement of water environment in Lake Puzhehei of (4 subcomponents) 23 Wenshan Prefecture (3) Qiubei County Integrated environmental improvement in Puting River (urban 24 sections) in Fu'ning County Monitoring and management support system for total water pollutants Kunming Municipality 25 control in Lake Dianchi Basin (1)

26 Rural Non-point pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin Dali Prefecture (1) Others Integrated environmental renovation of Lion Mountain in Old Town of Lijiang Municipality (4 subcomponents) 27 Lijiang City (1) Capacity building in environmental monitoring and supervision system 28 Wenshan Prefecture (1) of Wenshan Prefecture

14% 14% 供水排水和污水处理昆明市 14% 43% 城市生活垃圾处置 18% 大理州 50% 丽江市河道综合治理文山州 18% 29% 其他

Diagram 0.1 Locations and Sectors of Subcomponents

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1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 YUEP PROJECT BACKGROUND 1.1.1 GOVERNMENT STRATEGY Yunnan is situated in the southwest of China, adjacent to Sichuan, Guizhou, and Guangxi, Tibet internally, and with Lao, Burma, and Viet Nam internationally. It has abundant natural resources and cultural heritages, covering 394,000 km2. 16 prefectures (cities) administrate 129 counties (districts, towns), among which 73 are nationally designated poverty counties. Total population by the end of 2005 had been 44.15 million, out of which about 11.64 million were urban population (account for 26.36% of total population) and 14 million were minority nationalities (31.71%). GDP was 347.2 billion (RMB), 7833 (RMB) per person, 60% of national average level. Therefore its economy is still underdeveloped. Up to date, the economic and social development in Yunnan province has stepped into speedy increase. During “10th Five-Year-Plan” period, growth rate of GDP amounted up to 8.9% and the secondary, tertiary industries (tobacco, mining and tourism) became increasingly stronger, and the level of urbanization reached 29.5%. “Yunnan Provincial National Economic and Social Development 11th Five-Year-Plan Framework” (abbrev.: 11th Five-Year-Plan Framework) points out that by 2010, on the basis of structural optimization, efficiency improvement and natural resource consumption decrease, the GDP per capita will be doubled comparing with year 2000 by an annual growth rate of 8.5% to be 522 billion in total and 11400 per capita. The infrastructure will be improved obviously, and level of urbanization will reach 35%, the rate of municipal sewage centralized treatment rate and solid waste sanitary disposal rate will be more than 60%. (See Annex 1) Environmental problems tend to become one of the mayor bottlenecks for socio-economic development, with the speedy process of urbanization, economic development and people’s living standard improvement. Pollution in those lakes and rivers located peripherally to urban cities is still in a severe situation in Yunnan. Water bodies quality in some of the main river basins can merely reach standard V of “Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards” of GB3838-2002, or even worse than that, though pollution prevention and treatment has been strengthened. Moreover, the accelerating urbanization process and speedy development of tourism exceed the carrying capacity of present municipal environmental infrastructure, putting great pressure to the continuous increase of urban general welfare. Therefore, during the 10th Five-Year-Plan period, Yunnan province applied to make use of WB loan actively and implemented the “ Yunnan Environment Project” (YEP) which took priority of integrated renovation of Dianchi Lake basin, as well as the industrial pollution control, construction of municipal environmental infrastructure, environment and water quality monitoring, institutional capacity building and etc. YEP played an important role in controlling pollution of Dianchi Lake and improvement of urban environment, and thus built up very kind cooperation relationship with WB. On 2007-2-1, Yunnan Provincial Government (YPG) formally launched the “Initiative to protect Colorful Yunnan” to rehabilitate Yunnan for a cleaner water and sky, greener mountains and land, better resources and more biodiversity, especially through ecological protection, environmental treatment, energy saving and resource depletion decrease. One of

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the main subcomponents targets on improvement of habitation for people, strengthening urban environmental renovation, and quicken the construction of urban environmental infrastructures. By 2010, the newly constructed sewage treatment capacity rising to 950,000m3/d with no less than 70% of sewage treatment, obvious improvement in the quality of urban rivers, no less than 60% of municipal solid waste sanitary disposed of, and the hazardous wastes, such as medical waste will be treated safely. Yunnan Provincial Government decides to further promote the integrated renovation of the priority river basins as defined in its 11th Five-Year-Plan period; vigorously improve the environmental infrastructure construction in the key cities; cut down the pollution load in the two lakes (Dianchi and Erhai), mitigate environmental degradation and improve municipal surroundings, in order to facilitate urbanization and local economy further. Based on the lesson reviewing and conclusion of the implementation of “Yunnan Environment Project” by using WB loan, CPC Yunnan Committee and YPG decided to continue the cooperation with WB. After proceeding with investigations and careful preparations, in Feb. 2005, the government made the application to the National Development and Reform Commission for using USD $150 million (totally about 2.25billion RMB plus domestic matching funds) to implement YUEP. The application was approved by the State Council of China and the project was listed as a candidate in the national plan WB lending program in fiscal year of 2006—2008. The project geological location in Yunnan of China (Figure 1.1-1)

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1.1.2 PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SIGNIFICANCE The great importance of the YUEP implementation as follows: (1) Further speeding up environmental integrated treatment of river /lake basins in Kunming, Dali, Lijiang and Wenshan, as well as the construction of municipal environmental infrastructure to create opportunities to coordinate the development of the local economy and society, promote the urbanization of the whole province. As to the statistic data by the end of “10th Five-Year-Plan” period, the provincial urbanization level was only 29.5%, nearly 5% lower than the target of 35% in the “11th Five Year-Plan”. The sewage treatment rate was 40.5% and the solid waste non-toxic treatment rate was 41.9%, both were almost 20% difference to the 60% target of “11th Five-Year-Plan”. The construction of the project will give a direct impact to the realization of objectives in the framework of the “11th Five-Year-Plan”. (2) Increase extra treatment capacity of 52,000m3/d for sewage in the near future (by year of 2015), and a long future extra capacity of 126,000m3/d; domestic solid waste treatment capacity of 778t/d; implementing environmental integrated renovation on inflow riverways and urban surroundings, wetland conservation, ecological restoration along lakeshore and integrated improvement on micro-watershed and etc, to strengthen pollution treatment and eco-environment preservation in the prioritized drainage basins and areas, and reinforce the treatment and control of point source and rural non-point source pollution. Such efforts may consolidate the environmental achievements from the “10th Five-Year-Plan” period, further improve the eco-environment of the prioritized drainage basins and areas, and enhance people’s living standard and life quality. (3) By intensifying the international cooperation in environmental protection, to learn the best practice and mature technologies from the developed countries, reform the tariff collection system of municipal waste water and solid waste, build a better capacity to manage urban environment, explore new approaches for construction and management of municipal infrastructure, and train a number of capable personnel who are familiar with procedures, understanding rules, and able to communicate and manage, in order to realize the sustainable socio-economic development in an all-round way in the prioritized drainage basins and areas.

1.1.3 THE GOAL AND OBJECTIVES OF YUEP The goal of YUEP: To provide environmental support to the sustainable economic and social development in Yunnan Province by mitigating environmental degradation in the urban peripheral lake basins and construct the necessary urban environmental infrastructure for the development in counties (districts). The objectives of YUEP: (1) To strengthen pollution prevention and treatment and ecological preservation around Erhai Lake basin area; further improve the infrastructure in the municipalities of Kunming and Lijiang, and prefectures of Dali and Wenshan; reinforce the treatment and control of point source and rural non-point source pollution; accelerate the pace to construct WWTP

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and intercepting sewer networks in lake basin cities; implement integrated prevention and control of pollution and take the source as priorities; control the inflow pollution load into lakes, esp. the load of COD, TN and TP running into Erhai Lake from the basin area, and improve the quality of water and surrounding of the lake; increase the number of personnel serving to waste water treatment and solid waste collection and disposal; and upgrade the frequency and quality of environmental monitoring and supervision; (2) Targeting the improvement of water environment in the urban river sections within the drainage basins of the Long River and the Pear River, to build up the centralize treatment capacity on municipal waste water and solid waste in the secondary cities in the drainage basin of Nanpan River and Jinsha River, and enlarge the area and number of people under the service of waste water treatment and solid waste collection and disposal; (3) To accelerate the pace to construct infrastructure for the key municipality of Lijiang, satisfy the need of socio-economic development after being designated as a municipality from a district, build up the function as a center city, boost tourism development, and play a better role as the regional centre of economy, finance, information, commerce, science, education and culture, to enhance the capacity to mobilize the regional development; (4) To promote the urbanization of the border prefecture of Wenshan, boost the urbanization process of the prefecture government seat county town to be a middle city, and the development of a number of specific small towns oriented by tourism, border trade and frontier port, and agriculture industrialization; (5) To facilitate the pollution control in the direction of marketization, corporatization, and industrialization, and promote the establishment of market-oriented environmental protection technological service system, a sound market operational mechanism and matching policies.

1.1.4 WORLD BANK CONTRIBUTION Yunnan developed very good cooperation relationship with WB in the area of urban environmental construction, which had greatly contributed to the improvement of municipal environmental infrastructures and urbanization in the past. The summaries of projects completed or the upcoming YUEP for using WB loans are listed in table 1.1-1. Table1.1-1 Summaries Of The Bank Financed Environmental Projects In Yunnan

WB LOANS

PROJECT QUANTUM/MILLION LOAN SUBCOMPONENTS DURATION USD NO. YEP (First phase project 1997～ 102 (actual) － 21 subcomponents fincianced by WB loan) 2004 YUEP (This project) 2008～ 150 (planned) － 28 subcomponents

The WB financed YEP completed nearly 2 billion investment (RMB, below is the same) on Yunnan infrastructure construction and technological assistance, out of which USD$102

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million was loaned from WB. A series of water supply, sewage treatment, domestic solid waste disposal etc. were constructed as environmental infrastructure in the cities of Kunming, Qujing, Gejiu, and Mengzi. The project cities newly increased 230,000m3/d of water supply, rehabilitated sewerage collection networks, increased extra 355,000 m3/d of sewage treatment, and about 3000t/d of municipal solid waste collection, transportation, and non-toxic treatment. Municipal environmental infrastructure in the project cities was greatly improved. After completion of the water supply subcomponents in the two cities of Kunming and Qujing, the volume of water supply in Kunming and Qujing increased to 689,700 m3/d and 160,000 m3/d respectively from 481,989 m3/d and 65,000 m3/d in 1996. More than 99% of the supplied fresh water satisfied the supply water quality standard (GB 3838-2002). Especially in Qujing, the population coverage of centralized water supply rose from 25% in1996 to 100% after the project finished. After the construction of municipal sewerage infrastructure in Kunming, the percentage of waste water treated against the total amount rose from 34.4% in 1996 to more than 75% up to date. The pollution load, especially waste water from peripheral cities, towns, and key industry within the lake basin, was greatly reduced (70.468 million t/a sewage and 602.39 t/a phosphorus load were cut down). The load elimination slowed down the water quality degradation and constructed a solid foundation of water quality improvement in Lake Dianchi. Qujing and other project cities began to possess sewage treatment facilities. The rate of the designed capacity of sewage treatment against the total sewage volume rose from zero to 72.7% in Qujing, 89.3% in Gejiu, 100% in Chenggong, 100% in Jingning, 100% in Xuanwei and 86.96% in Mengzi after projects were constructed. The standard satisfying rate of sewage treatment reached more than 95%, except 50% for Qujing. The service area of municipal solid waste in Kunming, Qujing and Shilin enlarged with the extension of city area. Sanitary disposal rate of municipal solid waste rose from zero in 1996 to more than 90% after projects built up. Some key polluting enterprises began to reform the production technologies with clean technologies or treat Three-Pollutants. Pollution sources were effectively controlled, achieving expected environmental and social benefits. Environmental monitoring stations in project locations were equipped with necessary modern environmental monitoring apparatuses, information management hard and soft ware. Their environmental monitoring capacity was enhanced further to supplying monitoring data as information sources for environmental administrative departments to scientifically make decisions. Moreover, the implementation of YUEP triggered relevant environmental integrated treatment in project cities, gradually achieving the goal of the project. YUEP is similar in contents to YEP but an even wider coverage of areas. The implementation of YUEP will expect to benefit directly the municipalities of Kunming and Lijiang, and prefectures of Dali and Wenshan, and 16 counties in total. It certainly will make the new contribution to improve the infrastructure and environmental situation in the project cities/prefectures, and to realize the objectives set in the 11th-Five-Year-Plan framework.

1.1.5 YUEP PROJECT ORGANIZATION The frame of the YUEP project organization sees Fig. 1.1-2.

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WB YN Gov.

YN Provincial PCLD

Municipal/Prefectural Government

DRA YN PMO Municipal/Prefectural PCLD

Municipal/Prefectural PMOs

IAs or POs

Note: solid line refers the Figure 1.1-2 Organizational Framework for YUEP direct relations; dotted line refers the indirect relations

1.2 OVERVIEW OF THE CONSOLIDATED EA (CEA) 1.2.1 PURPOSE OF EA Based on the regulations of the Environmental Assessment Impact Law of People’s Republic of China, Construction Project Environmental Protection Management Statute, and Notice to Reinforce the EIA Management to Construction Projects Using Loans from International Financial Organizations, and the requirements from WB Safeguard Policies, as well as the domestic and WB EIA process, to comment on the positive environmental impact from the implementation of YUEP; identify, screen and analyses the possible negative environment impact and to propose the pertinent and effective mitigation measures and EMP to address the main unavoidable negative impact to environment, and also to provide the evidence for WB independent assessment on YUEP, and for government integrated management and environmental administrations to make decisions and fulfill management.

1.2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF CEA AND THE GRADE OF ASSESSMENT According to Notice to Reinforce the EIA Management to Construction Projects Using Loans from International Financial Organizations (Huan Jian [1993]324 Hao Wen) issued

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by State Environmental Protection Administration of China and other government departments, and regulations of WB Safeguard Policy-EIA (OP4.01), linking with the identification and screen results of the environmental impact elements of YUEP, the EIA of YUEP is classed to be type A, i.e. “Construction project which probably brings about severely negative impacts to the environment. Therefore, it’s necessity to conduct thorough EIA for this type of projects.” (Huan Jian [1993]324 Hao Wen); and “if the proposed project will bring about fatal negative impact, which is sensitive, multi-kind and unprecedented, and tend to induce the impact beyond the scope of engineering site or facilities, it is classified as type A.”(OP4.01) Hereby, the CEA of YUEP is prepared according to the contents and scope required by type A project. See table 1.2-1 for the grades of subcomponents EIA. The basis to identify the EIA grade of project subcomponents is as following: (1) HJ/T2.2-93 Technical Guidance of EIA, Atmosphere Environment (2) HJ/T2.3-93 Technical Guidance of EIA, Surface Water Environment (3) HJ/T2.4-1995 Technical Guidance of EIA, Acoustic Environment (4) HJ/T19-1997 Technical Guidance of EIA, Non-pollution Ecology Impact

Table 1.2-1 Grades of Subcomponents EIA Surface Non-pollution Location No. Name of Subcomponents Atmosphere Sound Water Ecology Monitoring and management support Prepare the EIA table, and no classification for 1 system for total water pollutants the EIA grade control in Lake Dianchi Basin Municipal solid waste collection and Simple Grade Simple Simple 2 Kunming disposal project in Luquan County analysis Ⅲ analysis analysis (4) Municipal solid waste collection and Simple Simple Simple 3 GradeⅢ disposal project in Songming County analysis analysis analysis Municipal solid waste collection and 4 GradeⅢ GradeⅢ GradeⅢ GradeⅢ disposal project in Xundian County Dali Municipal solid waste collection and Simple Simple Simple 5 GradeⅢ Prefecture disposal project in Eryuan County analysis analysis analysis (5) WWTP and associated sewer network Simple Simple 6 GradeⅢ GradeⅢ in Dengchuan Town of Eryuan County analysis analysis Rural Non-point pollution control in Simple Simple 7 GradeⅢ GradeⅢ Lake Erhai Basin analysis analysis Integrated Water environmental water integrated treatment Simple Simple 8 GradeⅢ GradeⅢ environmental project in Yong’an analysis analysis renovation of River major Water environmental riverways into integrated treatment GradeⅢ GradeⅢ GradeⅢ GradeⅢ Lake Erhai project in Miju River

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Surface Non-pollution Location No. Name of Subcomponents Atmosphere Sound Water Ecology Water environmental integrated treatment GradeⅢ GradeⅢ GradeⅢ GradeⅢ project in Luoshi River Water environmental integrated treatment Simple project in Boluo River GradeⅢ GradeⅢ GradeⅢ analysis and 18 streams of Mt. Cangshan Sewer in ancient Dali Simple Simple GradeⅢ GradeⅢ City analysis analysis Sewage collection Simple Simple networks in Fengyi GradeⅢ GradeⅢ Urban sewer analysis analysis network in district of Dali City 9 Dali City Sewer in Tourism Simple Simple GradeⅢ GradeⅢ District of Dali City analysis analysis Drainage net woks in Simple Simple Simple Xizhou town of Dali GradeⅢ analysis analysis analysis City WWTP and intercepting sewer in Simple Simple Simple 10 GradeⅢ Huaping County analysis analysis analysis Municipal solid waste collection and Simple Simple Simple 11 GradeⅢ disposal project in Lijiang City analysis analysis analysis No.2 WWTP and associated sewer Simple Lijiang 12 GradeⅢ GradeⅢ GradeⅢ (5) network in Lijiang City analysis Urban sewer network in Yulong Simple Simple Simple 13 GradeⅢ County analysis analysis analysis Integrated environmental renovation of Simple Simple Simple 14 Lion Mountain in Old Town of Lijiang GradeⅢ analysis analysis analysis City Wenshan Capacity building in environmental Prepare the EIA table, and no classification for prefecture 15 monitoring and supervision system of the EIA grade (14) Wenshan Prefecture Integrated environmental renovation along the urban section of Panlong Simple 16 GradeⅢ GradeⅢ GradeⅢ River within Wenshan County Town analysis area Urban sewer network in Wenshan 17 GradeⅢ GradeⅢ GradeⅢ GradeⅢ County WWTP and associated sewer network 18 GradeⅢ GradeⅢ GradeⅢ GradeⅢ in Qiubei County Simple Simple Simple 19 Water Supply in Qiubei County GradeⅢ analysis analysis analysis Integrated improvement of water Simple Simple Simple 20 environment in Lake Puzhehei of GradeⅢ analysis analysis analysis Qiubei County

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Surface Non-pollution Location No. Name of Subcomponents Atmosphere Sound Water Ecology Municipal solid waste collection and Simple Simple 21 GradeⅢ GradeⅢ disposal project in Malipo County analysis analysis WWTP and intercepting sewer in Simple Simple 22 GradeⅢ GradeⅢ Malipo County analysis analysis WWTP and associated sewer network Simple Simple 23 GradeⅢ GradeⅢ in Fu'ning County analysis analysis Municipal solid waste collection and simple simple simple 24 GradeⅢ disposal project in Fu'ning County analysis analysis analysis Integrated environmental improvement simple simple simple 25 in Putting River basin in Fu'ning GradeⅢ analysis analysis analysis County simple simple simple 26 Sewer network in Yanshan County GradeⅢ analysis analysis analysis WWTP and intercepting sewer in simple simple 27 GradeⅢ Grade Guangnan County analysis analysis Municipal solid waste collection and simple simple 28 GradeⅢ GradeⅢ disposal project in Maguan County analysis analysis Note: The judgment of simple analysis is made based on the identification results of environmental impacts and the regulations from Technical Guidance of EIA. The assessment grade is lower than GradeⅢ hence only necessary to conduct simple analysis instead of quantified estimation.

Table 1.2-1 indicats that the EA consultant agencies for subcomponents commonly class the EIA to a single environmental element (atmosphere, surface water, and sound and non-pollution ecology) to grade Ⅲ or simple analysis, based on the subcomponents engineering features and impact identification, in accordance with the domestic regulations of the Technical Guidance of EIA. However, regarding the integrated project as YUEP, because of the involvement of too many categories and wider coverage of areas, it may induce to some negative environmental impact, and some of the impact may extend beyond the boundary of engineering site or facilities, hence the CEA has identified the EIA to YUEP as Category A in general.

1.2.3 PREPARATION OF CEA Yunnan Provincial Environmental Protection Project Management Office for Foreign Funding (PMO) commissioned Kunming University of Science and Technology (KMUST) to compose “CEA of YUEP” after project bidding, license checking and capacity assessment on the basis of the fulfillment of relevant EA procedures and EA statement for every subcomponent. After the acceptance of the commission, the consultant collected and studied relevant information, investigated some subcomponents proposed construction sites and surroundings, and made a primary analysis of the project properties, content, scale, techniques major pollutant and possible impacts. It also prepared the “TOR of EIA on WB Financed Yunnan

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Urban Environmental Project” in accordance to the domestic Technical Guidance on EIA and WB Safeguard Policy, which was reviewed by YPACEE and approved by YEPB to rectify the development of Consolidated Environmental Impact Assessment Statement of YUEP (abbrev. as CEA hereinafter) and provide guidance to EIA of all subcomponents. Meanwhile, the consultant also prepared “TOR of EIA on Water Supply and Municipal waste water treatment subcomponents of YUEP”, “TOR of EIA on domestic solid waste disposal subcomponents of YUEP” and “TOR of EIA on waterway environmental integrated renovation subcomponents of YUEP” to regulate the process of the 3 types of EIA.

1.2.4 COMPOSITION OF THE CEA AND THE ASSESSMENT CONSULTANT YUEP consists of 28 subcomponents, which not only covers wide areas (distributing in the municipalities of Kunming and Lijiang, and prefectures of Dali and Wenshan), but also various of sectors (including construction of water supply and drainage pipeline networks, municipal sewage treatment, domestic solid waste collection, transportation and disposal, water way environmental integrated renovation, rural non-point source pollution treatment, integrated environmental capacity building, etc.) Based on the data convergence and analysis of EIA statements and tables from all subcomponents, and in accordance of domestic Technical Guidance on EIA and WB Safeguard Policy to conduct consolidated analysis and assessment to YUEP, and will answer the following key questions: 1) The project engineering features and the potential main environmental problems; 2) Feasibility of the project sites and the main environmental protection targets (sensitive points or the point of environmental concerns); 3) The positive environmental benefits and negative impacts from the project implementation; 4) The negative impact mitigation measures; 5) Analysis on alternatives; 6) Environmental Management Plan (EMP) of the project.

Apart from CEA, there are three more relevant reports: (A) CEA summary（English version） which will be finalized by the international consultancy company. (B) Regional EIA Statement（English version）, which will be finalized by the international consultancy company, mainly assesses Erhai Lake basin. (C) Environmental Management Plan (EMP) (Chinese version and English version) will summarize all EMPs from subcomponents and emphasize the analysis of regional environmental impacts of the project, mitigation countermeasures, environmental monitoring, institutional arrangement, capacity building and training, which will be finalized by KMUST and PMO.

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EA consultants for subcomponents is shown in Table 0.1. The relationship among EA consultants and individual EIAs, refer to Fig.1.2-1.

Word Bank Independent Reviewing Group

EIA Reviewing Suggestion

EIA Summary (English Version) International Consultant

REA (English CEA (Chinese EMP (Chinese Version) and English and English Version ) Version) Provincial PMO

KMUST

Yunnan Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau Reviewing Suggestion on Sub Component Project EIA Subcomponent Municipal Owners PMOs

Subcomponent Project Subcomponent EIA Project EIA Consultant Note：solid line indicates direct relation dotted line indicates indirect relation

Fig 1.2-1 Relations between individual EIAs, EMP and Their Consultants

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1.3 THE RESEARCH SCOPE OF CEA 1.3.1 MACRO-LEVEL ANALYSIS From two levels of the province and municipalities and prefectures (YUEP involves municipalities of Kunming and Lijiang, and prefectures of Dali and Wenshan) and the consideration of the existing natural and socio-economic situation, environmental status and the main issues, development plans and etc, the CEA analyses the status, implication and roles of the implementation of YUEP to improve the environment situation in the covered municipalities, prefectures and even in Yunnan Province, estimates the possible negative impact, and proposes the mitigation countermeasures and EMP. 1.3.2 DURATIONS TO BE ANALYZED BY CEA The CEA analyses three phases of the project, respectively, design, construction and operation phases. Regarding the landfill transportation／close involved subcomponents, the retirement analysis and biological restoration countermeasures will be needed. 1.3.3 THE RELATIONS BETWEEN SUBCOMPONENT EIA AND THE CEA EIA of subcomponents was conducted based on the domestic Technical Guidance to EIA and the requirements from WB Safeguard Policy, in the process of environmental impact identification and screen, the subcomponent EIA scope definition, environmental quality monitoring and impact assessment, and proposal of negative impact mitigation countermeasures and EMP. Based on the subcomponents EIA statements the CEA collects the main environmental assessment results, and analyses the possible positive and negative environmental impact by implementation of YUEP, and comes up with the negative impact mitigation countermeasures and EMP. 1.4 THE SCOPE OF EA AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS (SENSITIVE POINTS) 1.4.1 SCOPE OF EA The scope of the EA is as following: (1) Following the requirements of the Technical Guidance to EIA, and based on the proposed assessment grade, taking the assessment scope of subcomponents as the scope for EA. (2) If there are environmental protection targets (sensitive points) or the focus targets by WB Safeguard Policy adjacent to the assessment scope, it will be included; (3) Elements and proceedings which directly link or have potential impact to the project (e.g. dams on the upper or lower reaches of the rivers, ground water confirmation cells, and physical and cultural resources owning certain historical values, etc.) will be included; (4)Other related projects with the same type and implementation schedule or possibly impacted areas, will be considered in the scope. See table 1.4-1 for EIA scope of various types of subcomponents. Annex 2 gives the specific scope for all subcomponents EIA

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Table 1.4-1 EIA scope of various types of subcomponents Basic Assessment Scope of Environmental Elements No. Project Subcomponents Types Surface Atmosphere Ground Water Sound Non-polluted Ecology Water 100m 100m 200m Water Pool Water Supply Water Pool of the Old area of the Plant 100m circumference Town 100m circumference 200m circumference around the construction Old Town around the construction around the construction site site site Water supply 300m 300m 20m Conformation cell of and municipal Water supply and 1 the same ground water waste water drainage pipe / 300m from the two sides along the two sides of 300m from the two sides 200m from the two sides treatment network of the pipeline during the the pipeline of the pipeline during the of the pipeline during the construction period construction period construction period 100m 50m Conformation cell of 1km circumference HJ/T WWTP the same ground water around the plant site 2.3-93 around the plant site 100m circumference 50m circumference around the plant site around the plant site 50m circumference 50m circumference 50m circumference Solid waste around the collection around the collection around the collection collection and station and from the two / / station and from the two station and from the two transportation sides of transportation sides of transportation sides of transportation road road road 100m Municipal solid 2 Solid waste waste disposal transfer station 100m circumference 100m 100m around the transfer Conformation cell of station / the same ground water 100m circumference 100m circumference 500m around the landfill site around the landfill around the landfill Landfill 500m circumference around the landfill 100m from the two sides Conformation cell of 100m from the two sides 100m from the two sides Riverway water environmental 3 of the riverway and the / the same ground water of the riverway and the of the riverway and the integrated renovation lakeshore of the lake nearby the two sides of lakeshore of the lake lakeshore of the lake

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the river way Urban 50m circumference 50m circumference 50m circumference environmental around the construction / / around the construction around the construction integrated site site site 4 Others renovation HJ/T19-1997 HJ/T Others HJ/T 2.2-93 / HJ/T 2.4-95 2.3-93 HJ/T 19-1997 note： (1)If there are environmental protection targets (sensitive points) or the focus targets by WB Safeguard Policy adjacent to the assessment scope, it will be included; (2) Elements and proceedings which directly link or have potential impact to the project (e.g. dams on the upper or lower reaches of the rivers, ground water confirmation cells, and physical and cultural resources owning certain historical values, etc.) will be included; (3) Other related projects with the same type and implementation schedule or possibly impacted areas, will be considered in the scope.

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1.4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS (SENSITIVE POINTS) Based on the domestic laws and regulations on EIA and the requirements from WB Safeguard Policy, the targets of environmental protection under CEA of YUEP are as following: (1) Specially preserved areas, ecological sensitive areas, and natural habitats: Regulated and planned by the national government or approved by people’s government of county or above level, the specially preserved areas, i.e. drinking water source area, nature reserves, scenery spots, and the important wetland, etc. and those areas where are possibly listed as nature reserves or scenery spots. (2) Community focus places: population centralized area, culture and education district, administration zones for CPC and government departments, hospital, etc. (3) Physical cultural resources, including the existing ones, such as: distinct culture relic, monastery with historic and culture values, representative residential house, ancestral temple, tumulus, ancient horse-tea trading route, historical religious relic, cultural relic, ancient tree, etc. (4) Dams: esp. reservoir dams within the assessment scope. (5) International waterway: Subcomponents of Dali prefecture is located in the river basin of Lantsang River, and part of the subcomponents of Wenshan prefecture is located in the river basin of Red River. (6)。Indigenous People and involuntary resettlement. The identification and screen results of environmental protection targets (sensitive points) see Chapter 4.

1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT FACTORS AND ASSESSMENT FACTORS 1.5.1 IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT FACTORS The implementation of YUEP will help to facilitate mitigate the pollution load in Erhai Lake basin, and to improve the urban municipal infrastructure in the municipalities of Kunming and Lijiang, and prefectures of Dali and Wenshan, which has important implication to promote the sustainable socio-economic development in an all-round way in the municipalities and prefectures. Meanwhile, the implementation of the project will induce some negative environmental impact to the eco-environment and quality of environment. The design phase is for site selection, technical alternatives comparison, and feasibility study etc, which usually has no negative impact to the environment. (1) The impacts on social environmental: The implementation of the project will certainly bring some impacts to the socio-economy in the proposed construction area and the main issues are the impacts of land requisition and resettlement. The project construction will occupy a land area of about 308ha, and 6587 people in 1554 households will be affected, in which, 5338 people in 1240 households will be impacted by land requisition; 958 people in 250 households will be affected by temporary land occupation, and 5 people of 1 household will be interfered by land rent. Besides, the project construction will also impact 807 people in 26 enterprises and government units and 392people in 130 private companies. 63

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households and 286 people involve with house demolishment, removal and resettlement, in which 72 people of 15 households are necessary to move and resettled, and 214 people of 48 households will move back to the reconstructures on the former site. The triggered land requisition and resettlement issues will interfere local people’s daily life, change their appropriation of the amount of production and living resources ; and the construction of road and sewerage pipelines will also impact the travel and safety for residents living around, as well as the transportation etc. (2) The impacts to eco-environment: Land occupation by the project will decrease the quantity of local farming land and the vegetation, change the way of land use, and induce the influence to local agricultural ecology; and in the process of implementation, the vegetation of proposed sites will be destroyed; land erosion will be easy to break out because of excavation and fill and temporary piles of earth and rocks on the constructed road section. (3) The Impacts to the quality of environment: In the construction period, the oil leaking from construction machines and domestic waste water from workers may induce pollution to the nearby water bodies; transportation of road construction materials and the mix process may produce large amount of dust to pollute the air; the machine noise also may interfere the nearby residents normal work and life; and the frequently shuttle engineering vehicles will break the existing transportation order. During the operation period, the WWTP and landfills may discharge waste water and emit waste gas, which will pollute the surroundings to certain degree. Owing to the necessary maintenance and consolidation of partial engineering constructions, it takes time for the restoration of vegetation. Therefore, land erosion will maintain for a certain time after the project construction. In general, the main impact factors of the project during the construction and operation periods are as following: (1) Social environment: land occupation, resettlement, road and transportation, and the looks and landscape of the city, etc; (2) eco-environment: changing of land use, destruct of vegetation, land erosion, and dredging impact to hydrobiology, etc; (3) Water environment: domestic waste water and surface water on the road in the construction period; (4) Solid waste and Acoustic environment: noise from engineering construction and transportation, etc; (5) Air: dust from construction and the waste gas pollutant emitted by engineering transportation vehicles in the construction period; the stinking odor from WWTP and landfills during the operation period.

1.5.2 EACREENING Based on the above analysis, and link with the features and types of the project engineering construction, the matrix of environmental impact identification is made, see table 1.5-1.

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Table 1.5-1 Environmental Impact Identification Matrix

Impact Factors Natural Environment Eco-environment Social Environment Construction Construction Phases Interventions Water and Water Land People’s Local Life Atmosphere Acoustic Soil Plants Animals Landscape Employment Tourism Body Use Income Economy Quality Preservation Selection of construction －S －S －S －L －M －L －S －L ＋S ＋S ＋S －S －S site

Materials －S －S －S －S －L －L －S －L ＋S ＋S ＋S －S －S Engineering conveyance Construction Phase Site cleaning －S －S －M －S －M －L －M －L ＋S ＋S ＋S －S －S

Engineering －L －S －L －M －L －L －S －L ＋S ＋S ＋S －S －S Construction

Transportation －S －M －M －S －M M －M －S ＋M ＋M ＋M ＋M ＋L Operation Phase Facilities －S ＋L －S －S －S －S －S ＋L ＋M ＋M ＋M ＋M ＋L operation Completion Site closure of －S ＋L －S ＋S ＋S ＋S ＋S ＋S ＋S 0 0 0 0 Phase the landfill Note: S indicates light impact; M indicates medium impact; L indicates large impact; “+” indicates positive impact; “-” indicates negative impact.

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In order to further identify the environmental impact factors and to screen the environmental assessment factors, based on the nature and feature of all subcomponents, and the consideration of consolidated environmental assessment of the project, the 28 subcomponents have been classified into the following 4 sectors: (1) Water supply and drainage and municipal waste water treatment (including sewer networks), totally 12 subcomponents, account for 43%; (2) Riverway (lake) water environmental integrated renovation, totally 4 subcomponents, account for 14%; (3) Urban domestic solid waste disposal (including clean and transportation), totally 8 subcomponents, account for 29%; (4) The others (environmental integrated management, rural (village) non-point source pollution control, and environmental monitoring capacity building, etc), totally 4 subcomponents, account for 14%. The identification results of the above subcomponents environmental impact factors see table 1.5-2. On the basis of environmental impact identification, environmental assessment factors of all sectors of subcomponents are screened. See table 1.5-3. Screened environmental assessment factors of subcomponents see annex 2. The principles of environmental assessment factors screen are as following: A、General pollutants factors; B、Factors with large impact to the environment, and attribute to the typical pollutants of subcomponents; C、Factors defined limit value specifically in national environmental standards.

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Table 1.5-2 Identification Results of Environmental Impact Factors for All Sectors of Subcomponents

SUBCOMPONENTS SECTORS AND IDENTIFICATION OF POSSIBLE IMPACT FACTORS

1. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES RELATED TO SUBCOMPONENTS LOCATION (SITES) change the subcomponents location Impact to production system (e.g. occupied land area loss of productivity (site renewal) √ Agriculture) production types/income from per ha. compensation measures change the location of the change of road in the farmland or residential description of the road (width, length) subcomponent Impact to transportation √ √ √ areas areas and service population rehabilitation or substitute of transportation change the location of the types, quantity, value, loss of private buildings subcomponent √ √ displaced persons Destruction to the existing properly settle the displaced persons buildings change the location of the loss of infrastructures types, features and estimated values subcomponent √ √ √ compensation or substitute change the location of the vegetation area / species of plants destruction to plants subcomponent √ √ values (financial and ecological) restoration of plants list of species change the location of subcomponent destruction to biodiversity √ Destruction to the areas possessing special area reduce the land occupation area ecological values Impact to the reserves: national park and nature types and purpose of preservation change the location of subcomponent √ √ √ reserves total area, impacted area reduce the land occupation area

impacts to surface water environment and flood hydrological parameters, water quality change the location of subcomponent √ √ risk monitoring figure change the location of drainage outlet Destruction to historical cultural description of historical cultures (type, change the location of subcomponent relics (e.g. tumulus, historical site, loss of culture √ √ quantity, location) etc.) find the solution by public consultation change the location of subcomponent main drainage method or surface ditch Destruction to drainage ditches flood, acidification of soil √ √ √ (pipeline) route pay attention to the protection of drainage ditches during construction Manmade infrastructures in the destruction to the natural scenery and tourism area and level of destruction to the scenery change the location of subcomponent √ √ √ outdoor scenery spots values values use proper design to protect the scenery

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SUBCOMPONENTS SECTORS AND IDENTIFICATION OF POSSIBLE IMPACT FACTORS

ACTIONS WHICH POSSIBLY IMACT RIVER WAY (LAKE ) POSSIBLE DESTRUCTIONS OR BENEFITS TO THE WATER SUPPLY AND THE ENVIRONMENT RESOURCES IMPACT ANALYSIS BASIS TYPICAL MITIGATION MEASURES WATER NATURE OR SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT DRAINAGE AND MUNICIPAL SOLID AND VALUES ENVIRONMENTAL MUNICIPAL WASTE WASTE DISPOSAL INTEGRATED WATER TREATMENT RENOVATION spots 2. POSSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES DURING CONSTRUCTION PERIOD reduce land occupation, define the Temporary land occupation by the area, purpose and location of the contractor’s duties impact to land use and production √ √ √ work shed, depositary, etc. occupied land monitoring and supervision is necessary for the construction activities cleanup method and monitoring to the destruction to the woodland, fruit garden and type/area of the destroyed plants cleanup of vegetation activity √ √ √ farmland economic value area division location of sensitive area contractor’s duty easier access to the natural areas poach risks 受威胁的区域或物种 endangered area or management and supervision to the √ √ species builders earthwork volume to be excavated, landfilled contractor’s duty (drainage and and disposed of land erosion and loss of sedimentation sedimentation tank) √ √ √ sites of the construction works, means of monitoring natural runoff drainage It’s the contractor’s responsibility to wastes produced in the process of prepare a “Management Plan of civil engineering temporary occupation or destruction location, scope, purpose of land occupation √ √ √ Destruction and Temporary Land Occupation ” ocation and distance of the residential area, contractor’s duty (watering) emission of dust and other particulates wind direction monitoring the civil engineering √ √ √ engineering construction schedule activities dredging method During the process of dredging and disposal, the Sediment sampling analysis result Dredging the river course silt will release certain pollutant, which may disposal conditions (deposit or √ dredging work pollute the environment if disposal improperly. treatment), monitoring volume of the materials, transportation Transportation of construction particulates and noise quantity contractor’s duty : vehicle and road sign materials and engineering maintenance and monitoring the √ √ √ equipments transportation security transportation method to pass the transportation method environmental sensitive area employment of the local labours will bring direct estimation of the employees contractor’s duty (fulfillment in the Employment of builders benefit to the local residents and ethnic minority estimation of the numbers and percentage of EMP) √ √ √ nationalities the local labours monitoring numbers of the affected persons contractor’s duty: health and security impact to the health and security of builders and health Stat. (incidence of a disease) management √ √ √ local residents situation of local infectious disease, epidemic monitoring

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SUBCOMPONENTS SECTORS AND IDENTIFICATION OF POSSIBLE IMPACT FACTORS

ACTIONS WHICH POSSIBLY IMACT RIVER WAY (LAKE ) POSSIBLE DESTRUCTIONS OR BENEFITS TO THE WATER SUPPLY AND THE ENVIRONMENT RESOURCES IMPACT ANALYSIS BASIS TYPICAL MITIGATION MEASURES WATER NATURE OR SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT DRAINAGE AND MUNICIPAL SOLID AND VALUES ENVIRONMENTAL MUNICIPAL WASTE WASTE DISPOSAL INTEGRATED WATER TREATMENT RENOVATION surface water quality, environmental quality standard, discharge standard pollution to the nearby surface water by contractor’s duty: health, security and 下游的水利工程设施 √ √ √ domestic sewage water conservancy the management of wastes, monitoring engineering facilities at the lower reach of the river necessary construction equipment, Large equipment is prohibited to work construction task plan at night Use of large construction noise and exhaust gas impact to the local distance to the nearest resident area and the inform the local residents the √ √ √ equipment residents population density construction working time wind direction and speed contractor’s duty emission standard of noise and exhaust gas monitoring Types and quantity of the solid waste: waste management and disposal plan pollution to the soil, rivers and ground water Production of sold waste domestic solid waste, construction wastes, contractor’s duty √ √ √ storage layer reject soil, chemical waste monitoring It’s the contractor’s duty to prepare a location and area of the temporary land “Site Remediation Plan” for the site no remediation or improper remediation to the occupation Construction completion and after construction completion √ site equipment likely to be used and waste landfill site closure remediation cost must be included in produced the plan 3. POSSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES DURING THE OPERATION PERIOD 1) Water supply and drainage and municipal waste water treatment purchase of low noise equipment and noise standard noise strengthen daily maintenance √ distance to the nearest residential area monitoring monthly average water quantity from the Operation of water supply plant ground water source (Water Pool of the old secure the minimum water quantity town) from the ground water source (Water impact to the ground water source (Water Pool proportion of water taking to the water Pool of the old town) √ of the old town) quantity monitoring on the water quality and minimum water quantity demand by other quantity from the ground water source needs of using Sludge produced from the water estimation of sludge output and composition specific sludge management plan impact from the improper management of sludge √ supply plant sludge disposal measure monitoring

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SUBCOMPONENTS SECTORS AND IDENTIFICATION OF POSSIBLE IMPACT FACTORS

location of the pumping station/smell purchase of low noise equipment, and Operation of sewer network and emission source, the distance to the smell and noise strengthen the maintenance duty √ waste water pumping station residential area, noise standard, stench odor emission standard monitoring 2) Riverway (lake) water environmental integrated renovation enhance the security for people and the area people and activities in the protected area flood level control, select proper flood Reduce the risks of flood increase the runoff of flood peaks at the lower prevention standard √ flood parameters section of the river monitoring dam safety must be considered in the urban new developed area and farmland will dam parameters (contour lines, volume, etc.) Risk of levee landslip design √ be suffered of flood people and activities in the protected area monitoring land value change due to engineering the present land value of the flooding area reduce land occupation, and change of land value √ construction and the protected area compensation needed when necessary

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SUBCOMPONENTS SECTORS AND IDENTIFICATION OF POSSIBLE IMPACT FACTORS

Table 1.5-3 The Screen Result of the Environmental Assessment Factors of various sectors of subcomponents

Factors to be Assessed Possible levels of impact Sectors of subcomponents and main No. Construction Operation engineering constructions eco-environment Atmosphere Surface water Ground water Acoustic env. Solid waste Period Period

land use, soil erosion, Transportation water supply and vegetation noise drainage pipe TSP、PM10 SS Chloride, sulphate reject earth －★ － Water supply and network water reservoir dam Construction drainage and safety noise 1 municipal waste water treatment Noise at the Reject earth pH、COD、BOD、NH -N、TP、TN、 plant (12) TSP、PM 、CH 、odor、 3 Remnant WWTP Land use, vegetation 10 4 petroleum、SS、volatilization － boundary －★ ＋☆ NH3、H2S sludge bydroxybenzene、coliform Noise at boundary to Scruff and silt

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River course traffic noise dredging, river /lake nvironmental land use, vegetation, pH、COD、BOD5、NH3-N、TP、TN、石 Reject earth course renovation Noise at 2 integrated natural habitat and soil TSP、PM volatilization bydroxybenzene、NH -N、－－★ ＋☆ and riversides 10 3 boundary to Sludge renovation erosion ecological restoration As、Cd、Mn、Cr、Pb、coliform Construction dredging (4) sit collection and Transportation － odor、TSP、PM －－ Reject earth －★ －☆ transportation 10 noise pH、chloride、Fe、 Reject earth Municipal solid transfer station land use, vegetation 、、、 3 waste disposal Mn Cu Zn Plant noise Dispersed solid odor、CH4、TSP、PM10、 pH、COD、NH3-N、TP、TN、 volatilization waste (8) －★ +☆ 、 Construction NH3、H2S petroleum、Pb、SS、coliform bydroxybenzene Sludge from landfill disposal land use, soil erosion － noise CODMn、NO2 、NO3 the leakage －、total coliform tank

integrated urban pH、COD、BOD5、NH3-N、TP、TN、 Transportation environmental view of the city TSP、PM10 petroleum、SS、volatilization － noise Reject earth －★ ＋★ renovation bydroxybenzene、coliform Construction noise

Others 、、、、、类 4 municipal pH COD BOD5 NH3-N TP TN Transportation (4) infrastructure and use, vegetation TSP、PM10 petroleum、SS、volatilization － noise Reject earth －★ ＋★ construction bydroxybenzene、coliform Construction noise Transportation noise others land use, vegetation TSP、PM10 －－ Reject earth －★ －〇 Construction noise Note：(1) CH4 is not the pollutant fact defined limit in the national standard. (2) ★Large impact ☆Medium impact 〇 Light impact ＋positive impact －negative impact

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2 INSTITUTIONAL & REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY FRAMEWORK 2.1.1 introduction Based on the comprehensive analysis on YUEP project, including the types and scales of different component, sub-project, their construction location, and the extent of each sub-projects to what they are sensitive to the environment, and their potential environmental impacts including the characteristics and degree in this EIA, it is find that following laws and regulations, relevant documents are to be involved in this EIA presented: (1) Environmental protection Laws and statutes (2) Pollution prevention & control technologies and policies; (3) Socio-economic plans and environmental protection plans; (4) Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment; (5) Environmental quality standards; (6) Standards of controlling pollutant discharges; (7) Safeguard Policies of World Bank (8) Others All these above-mentioned laws, policies, regulation and other documents provide a regulatory framework for this EIA. Because of different types and characteristics of the subprojects, the laws, policies, regulations and standards for which they are suitable are different. The names of key laws, policies, rules & regulations and standards and their application for different subprojects are listed below.

2.1.2 Environmental prtection Laws And Regulations (1) The Environmental Protection Law of P.R.China (2) The Environmental Impact Assessment Law of P.R.China (3) The Water Pollution Prevention & Control Law of P.R.China (4) The Air Pollution Prevention & Control Law of P.R.China (5) The Ambient Noise Pollution Prevention & Control Law of P.R.China (6) The Solid Waste Pollution Prevention & Control Law of P.R.China (7) The Water Law of P.R.China (8) The Water and Soil Conservation Law of P.R.China (9) The Cultural Heritage Protection Law of R.R.China (10) The Management Regulation on Environmental Protection for Construction Projects (11) The Measures for Public Participation in EIA (Provisional)

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(12) Environmental Information Disclosure Measures (Provisional)_ (13) The Circular on Strengthening the Management of EIA for the Construction Projects Financed by International Financial Organizations (14) The Circular on Strengthening the Examining and Approving of Construction Project EIA by Different Levels (15) The Management Measures for Verification of Water Resources for Construction Projects (16) The Environmental Protection Regulation of Yunnan Province (17) The Administrative Provisions of Yunnan Province for Environmental Protection on Construction Projects (18) The Regulation of Yunnan Province on the Management of Nature Reserves (19) The Regulation for Protecting Dianchi Lake (20) The Regulation for Protecting Erhai Lake (21) The Circular on Issuing the “Surface Water Environmental Function Zoning in Yunnan Province (Re-examined )”

2.1.3 Technical Policies for Pollution Prevention & Control (1) The Technical Policy for Urban Domestic Garbage Disposal, and Its Pollution Prevention & Control (2) The Technical Policy for Urban Domestic Sewage Treatment and Its Pollution Prevention & Control (3) The Technical Policy for Prevention & Control of the Eutrophication in Lakes and Reservoirs (4) The Opinions about pushing forward Industrialization of Urban Sewage and Garbage Disposal (5) The Inventory for Guiding the Industrial Re-structuring (2005)

2.1.4 Socio-economic Development And Environment protection Plans And Planning (1) The Program of the Eleventh Five Years Pan of Yunnan Province for the National Socio-economic Development (2) The Program of the Eleventh Five Years Pan of Kunming Municipality for the National Socio-economic Development (3) The Program of the Eleventh Five Years Pan of Dali Prefecture for the National Socio-economic Development (4) The Program of the Eleventh Five Years Pan of Lijiang Municipality for the National Socio-economic Development

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(5) The Program of the Eleventh Five Years Pan of Wenshan Prefecture for the National Socio-economic Development (6) The Program of the Eleventh Five Years Pan of Yunnan Province for Environmental Protection (7) The Program of the Eleventh Five Years Pan of Kunming Municipality for Environmental Protection (8) The Program of the Eleventh Five Years Pan of Dali Prefecture for Environmental Protection (9) The Program of the Eleventh Five Years Pan of Lijiang Municipality for Environmental Protection (10) The Program of the Eleventh Five Years Pan of Wenshan Prefecture for Environmental Protection (11) The City Mater Plan of Kunming Municipality (12) The City Mater Plan of Lijiang Municipality (13) The City Mater Plans of the Project Counties (14) The Plan for the Protection of the Erhai Watershed and Its Pollution Abatement (15) The Eleventh Five Years Plan for the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution for the Pearl River Watershed (16) The Plan for An Integrated Prevention and Control of Water Pollution for the Puzhehei Lake Watershed (17) The Eleventh Five-Years Plan of Yunnan Province for the Construction of Urban Sewage Treatment and Reuse Facilities (18) The Eleventh Five-Years Plan of Yunnan Province for the Construction of Urban Garbage Decontamination Facilities

2.1.5 Technoque Guide Rule And Criterion of EIA (1) HJ/T2.1-93 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment -- General (2) HJ/T2.2-93 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment -- Atmospheric Environment (3) HJ/T2.3-93 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment Surface -- Water Environment (4) HJ/T2.4-1995 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment -- Acoustic Environment (5) HJ/T19-1997 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment -- Non-pollution Ecological Impact (6) HJ/T88-2003 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment -- Water Conservancy and Hydropower Projects

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(7) HJ/T169-2004 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment -- Construction Projects (8) HJ/T192-2006 Technical Criterion for Eco-environmental Status Assessment (On Trail) (9) GB/T16453.1～6-1996 Technical Regulation for Comprehensive Control of Soil Erosion (10) SL204-98 Technical Regulation for Development of Schemes of Water & Soil Conservancy for Construction Projects

2.1.6 Environmental Quality Standards (1) GB3095-1996 Ambient Air Quality Standard (2) GB3838-2002 Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (3) GB/T14848-93 Quality Standard for Ground Water (4) CJ/T206-2005 Water Quality Standards for Urban Water Supply (5) GB5749-2006 Hygiene Standard for Drinking Water (6) CJ3020-93 Quality Standard for Water Sources of Drinking Water (7) GB5084-92 Quality Standard for Irrigation Water (8) GB15618-1995 Environmental Quality Standard for Soil (9) GB3096-93 Quality Standard for Urban Environmental Noise (10) TJ36-79 Hygienic Standard for Design of Industrial Enterprises (11) GB/T18883-2002 Quality Standard for Indoors Environment The applicability of the grade/classes of each project component, as well as the EIA indicators is shown in Table 2.1-1. The details of each above mentioned standards is attached as annex 3 of this report.

2.1.7 Pollutants Discharge and control Standards (1) GB16297-1996 Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutants (2) GB14554-93 Emission Standards for Odour Pollutants (3) GB8978-1996 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (4) GB18918-2002 Standard for Pollutants Discharge from Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant (5) GB12523-90 Noise Limits for Construction Site Boundary (6) GB12348-90 Standard of Noise at Boundary of Industrial Enterprises (7) GB18599-2001 Standard for Pollution Control on the Storage and Disposal Site for General Indusial Solid Wastes

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(8) GB5085-1996 Standard for Identification of Hazardous Wastes (9) GB8172-87 Control standards for Urban Wastes for Agricultural Use (10) GB16889-1997 Standard for Pollution Control on the Domestic Solid Wastes Landfill Sites

The application of each above-mentioned control standards for pollutant discharge and indicators used in this EIA for each project components is shown in Table 2.1-2. The details control standards for discharge of relevant pollutants is attached in Annex 4 of this report.

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Table 2.1-1: Environmental Quality Standards and Assessment Factors used in EAs for Sub-components Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，PM10 (GB3095-1996) Monitoring and management support Kunming (2) Environmental Quality Standards For pH，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，DO，TN，TP 1 system for total water pollutants control in (4) Surface Water (GB3838-2002) III & IV Lake Dianchi basin (3) Quality Standard For Urban Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) 2 & 4 Leq[dB(A)] (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II PM10 (GB3095-1996) I NH ，H S (2) Hygienic Standard For Design Of 3 2

Industrial Enterprises (Tj36-79)

Municipal solid waste collection and (3) Environmental Quality Standards For 2 IV pH，COD，NH3-N，DO，TN，TP disposal in Luquan County Surface Water (GB3838-2002)

(4) Quality Standard For Ground Water Colority & Odor，Turbidity，NO2-N，CODMn， (GB/T14848-93) III NH -N，Hg，Cd，Pb，As，Total Coliforms (5) Quality Standard For Urban 3

Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) 1 & 2 Leq[dB(a)] (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II PM10 (GB3095-1996) I NH ，H S (2) Hygienic Standard For Design Of 3 2

Industrial Enterprises (Tj36-79) pH，COD，BOD 、Kjeldahl-Nitrogen，TP，Pb， Municipal solid waste collection and (3) Quality Standard For Irrigation Water 5 3 I As，Cd，Hg disposal in Songming County (GB5084-92)

(4) Quality Standard For Ground Water III Colority & Odor，Turbidity，NO -N，COD ， (GB/T14848-93) 2 Mn NH -N，Hg，Cd，Pb，As，Total Coliforms (5) Quality Standard For Urban 1 & 2 3 Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)]

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II PM10 (GB3095-1996) (2) Hygienic Standard for Design of I NH3，H2S Industrial Enterprises (TJ36-79) III &IV Municipal solid waste collection and (3) Environmental Quality Standards for pH，COD，NH3-N，DO，TN，TP 4 disposal in Xundian County Surface Water (GB3838-2002)

Colority & Odor，Turbidity，NO2-N，CODMn， (4) Quality Standard for Ground Water III NH -N，Hg，Cd，Pb，As，Total Coliforms (GB/T14848-93) 3

(5) Quality Standard for Urban Leq[dB(a)] Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) 2 (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP (GB3095-1996) II ，，， (2) Environmental Quality Standards for COD BOD5 NH3-N Fecal coliform Dali Municipal solid waste collection and Surface Water (GB3838-2002) (5) 5 disposal in Er’yuan County (3) Quality Standard for Ground Water II ，，，， (GB/T14848-93) CODMn BOD5 NH3-N Total Coliforms Total bacteria (4) Quality Standard for Urban 2 Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)] II TSP，SO ，NO (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard 2 2

(GB3095-1996) Municipal wastewater treatment plant and DO，CODMn，BOD5，NH3-N，Volatile phenolic (2) Environmental Quality Standards for II － 6＋ 6 associated sewer network in Dengchuan Surface Water (GB3838-2002) compounds，F ，Hg，As，Cr ，Cu，Pb，Cd，－ Town of Eryuan County TP，F (3) Quality Standard for Urban 2 Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)] (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP (GB3095-1996) Rural non-point pollution control in Lake (2) Environmental Quality Standards for II pH，SS，NH3-N，BOD5，COD，TP，TN 7 Erhai Basin Surface Water (GB3838-2002) (3) Quality Standard for Urban Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) 1 Leq[dB(a)]

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，PM10 (GB3095-1996)

Integrated water (2) Environmental Quality Standards for pH，DO，BOD5，COD，TP，TN，NH3-N II environmental Surface Water (GB3838-2002)

management of (3) Quality Standard for Urban 2 Yongan River Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)]

(4) Environmental Quality Standard for pH，Pb，Zn，Cu，Cd，As Soil (GB15618-1995) II (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，PM10 (GB3095-1996) II (2) Environmental Quality Standards for pH，DO，BOD5，COD，TP，TN，NH3-N Integrated water environmental Surface Water (GB3838-2002)

management of Miju (3) Quality Standard for Urban 2 River Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)] Integrated water environmental (4) Environmental Quality Standard for management of Soil (GB15618-1995) II ，，，，，，，， 8 pH Hg Cu Ni Cr Zn Cd Pb As major river (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，PM10 courses into Lake (GB3095-1996) Erhai Integrated water (2) Environmental Quality Standards for II environmental Surface Water (GB3838-2002) pH，DO，BOD5，COD，TP，TN，NH3-N

management of Luoshi (3) Quality Standard for Urban 2 River Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)]

(4) Environmental Quality Standard for pH，Hg，Cu，Ni，Cr，Zn，Cd，Pb，As Soil (GB15618-1995) II Integrated water II TSP，PM10，SO2，NO2 environmental (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard management of Boluo (GB3095-1996) pH，DO，BOD5，CODMn，TP，TN，NH3-N，Fecal River (2) Environmental Quality Standards for II coliform Integrated water Surface Water (GB3838-2002) environmental 2 (3) Quality Standard for Urban management of 18 Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)] steams from Canshan Mountain 9 Urban drainage Ancient Town area (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，PM10，SO2、CO network system Fengyi Area (GB3095-1996) in Dali City Tourism area II

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (2) Environmental Quality Standards for pH，BOD5，COD，CODMn，NH3-N，TP，TN， Surface Water (GB3838-2002) Petroleum oil (3) Quality Standard for Ground Water III － Xizhou Twon area (GB/T14848-93) pH，Total Hardness、CODMn，NH3-N，NO2 ， (4) Quality Standard for Urban Volatile phenolic compounds，CN－，Cr6＋，Hg，As， 2 &4 2－ Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Cd，Mn，SS，Total Coliforms，SO4 Leq[dB(a)] (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，PM10，SO2 (GB3095-1996) (2) Hygienic Standard for Design of H2S、NH3 Industrial Enterprises (TJ36-79) I

(3) Environmental Quality Standards for pH，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，TP，TN，Petroleum Municipal wastewater treatment plant and IV Lijiang Surface Water (GB3838-2002) oil，Sulfides，Fecal coliform 10 associated sewer network in Huaping III － (5) (4) Quality Standard for Ground Water pH，COD ，NH -N，F ，Volatile phenolic County Mn 3 (GB/T14848-93) 2－－ 2 compounds，Pb，NO2-N，SO4 ，CN (5) Quality Standard for Urban Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)] (6) Environmental Quality Standard for Soil (GB15618-1995) III Hg，Cd，Pb，Cr (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP (GB3095-1996) (2) Environmental Quality Standards for Municipal solid waste collection and Surface Water (GB3838-2002) III pH，BOD5，COD，NH3-N，TP 11 disposal project in Lijing City (3) Quality Standard for Ground Water III (GB/T14848-93) CODMn，NH3-N，NO2-N，Total Coliforms

(4) Quality Standard for Urban 2 Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)] (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard I & II TSP，PM10，SO2，NO2 (GB3095-1996)

(2) Environmental Quality Standards for pH，COD，CODMn，BOD5，Fecal coliform IV Surface Water (GB3838-2002) No.2 municipal wastewater treatment plant 12 pH，NH3-N，NO2-N，NO3-N，Total bacteria，Total and associated sewer network in Lijing City (3) Quality Standard for Ground Water III (GB/T14848-93) Coliforms

(4) Quality Standard for Urban 1, 2 &4 Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)]

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，PM10，SO2，NO2 (GB3095-1996) Urban drainage pipe system in Yulong (2) Environmental Quality Standards for pH，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，TP，TN，Petroleum oil 13 County Surface Water (GB3838-2002) II & III (3) Quality Standard for Urban Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) 1, 2 & 4 Leq[dB(a)]

(1) Ambient Air Quality Standard I TSP，SO2，NO2 (GB3095-1996) (2) Environmental Quality Standards for pH，BOD5，COD，CODMn，Fecal coliform Integrated environmental management of Surface Water (GB3838-2002) III 14 sleeping lion mountain in Old Town district (3) Quality Standard for Ground Water pH，NH -N，NO -N，NO -N，Total bacteria，Total of Lijiang 3 2 3 (GB/T14848-93) III Coliforms 1, 2 & 4 (4) Quality Standard for Urban Leq[dB(a)] Environmental Noise (GB3096-93)

(1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，SO2，NO2 (GB3095-1996) (2) Quality Standard for Indoors I NH3，HCHO，C6H6，CH3C6H5，PM10，VOC，Rn Environment (GB/T18883-2002) Environmental monitoring and Wenshan (3) Environmental Quality Standards for 15 management capacity building in Wenshan III & IV (14) Surface Water (GB3838-2002) pH，BOD5，COD，NH3-N，Fecal coliform Prefecture (4) Quality Standard for Ground Water III － 2－ (GB/T14848-93) pH，CODMn，NO3 ，SO4 ，Total bacteria

(5) Quality Standard for Urban 2 & 4 Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)]

(1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，SO2，NO2 (GB3095-1996) Integrated management of Panlong River (2) Environmental Quality Standards for III pH，BOD5，COD，CODMn，Fecal coliform 16 (urban section) in Wenshan County Surface Water (GB3838-2002) (3) Quality Standard for Urban Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) 1 & 4 Leq[dB(a)]

(1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，SO2，NO2 (GB3095-1996) Urban drainage network system in (2) Environmental Quality Standards for pH，BOD5，COD，CODMn，NH3-N，TP 17 Wenshan County Surface Water (GB3838-2002) IV (3) Quality Standard for Urban Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) 2 & 4 Leq[dB(a)]

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，SO2，NO2 (GB3095-1996) Municipal wastewater treatment plant and (2) Environmental Quality Standards for 18 associated sewer network in Qiubei County Surface Water (GB3838-2002) III BOD5，COD，CODMn，NH3-N，TP (3) Quality Standard for Urban Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) 2 & 4 Leq[dB(a)] (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，SO2，NO2，PM10 (GB3095-1996) pH，BOD5，COD，TN，COD，CODMn，NH3-N， (2) Environmental Quality Standards for III 19 Water supply in Qiubei County Surface Water (GB3838-2002) TP，Petroleum oil

(3) Quality Standard for Urban 2 & 4 Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)] (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，PM10，SO2 (GB3095-1996)

Integrated management of water (2) Environmental Quality Standards for III ，，，，，，， 20 environment in Lake Puzhehei of Qiubei Surface Water (GB3838-2002) pH BOD5 COD DO TN NH3-N TP County Petroleum oil，Fecal coliform (3) Quality Standard for Urban 1 &2 Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)] (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II SO2、NO2、TSP (GB3095-1996)

(2) Environmental Quality Standards for PH、COD、NH3-N、BOD5、Fecal coliform Surface Water (GB3838-2002) III

Municipal solid waste collection and (3) Quality Standard for Ground Water 21 III disposal in Malipo County (GB/T14848-93) Water temperature、pH、CODMn、NH3-N、NO2-N， Total Coliforms (4) Environmental Quality Standard for II Soil (GB15618-1995)

(5) Quality Standard for Urban 2 Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)] (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，SO2，NO2，PM10 (GB3095-1996) Municipal wastewater treatment plant and (2) Environmental Quality Standards for 22 associated sewer network in Malipo County Surface Water (GB3838-2002) III pH，BOD5，COD，CODMn，Fecal coliform (3) Quality Standard for Urban Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) 1, 2 & 4 Leq[dB(a)]

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(1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，PM10，SO2 (GB3095-1996) (2) Hygienic Standard for Design of I H2S，NH3 Municipal solid waste collection and Industrial Enterprises (TJ36-79) 24 disposal in Funing County (3) Environmental Quality Standards for III Surface Water (GB3838-2002) pH，BOD5，COD，NH3-N，Fecal coliform

(4) Quality Standard for Urban 2 Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)]

(1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，PM10，SO2，NO2 (GB3095-1996) Integrated management of Puting River in (2) Environmental Quality Standards for pH，BOD5，COD，DO，Fecal coliform，NH3-N， 25 Funing County Surface Water (GB3838-2002) III TP，TN，Petroleum oil，Pb、Cd、As、Zn (3) Quality Standard for Urban Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) 2 & 4 Leq[dB(a)]

(1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，PM10，SO2，NO2 (GB3095-1996) Urban drainage network system in (2) Environmental Quality Standards for 26 Yanshan County Surface Water (GB3838-2002) III pH，BOD5，COD，Total coliforms，NH3-N，TP，TN (3) Quality Standard for Urban Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) 1, 2 & 4 Leq[dB(a)]

(1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，SO2，NO2，SS (GB3095-1996) Municipal wastewater treatment plant and (2) Environmental Quality Standards for pH，BOD ，COD，DO，NH -N，TP，TN 27 associated sewer network in Guangnan 5 3 Surface Water (GB3838-2002) III County (3) Quality Standard for Urban Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) 1, 2 & 4 Leq[dB(a)]

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard II TSP，SO2，NO2 (GB3095-1996)

(2) Environmental Quality Standards for pH，COD，NH3-N，BOD5，Fecal coliform III Municipal solid waste collection and Surface Water (GB3838-2002) 28 disposal in Maguang County (3) Quality Standard for Ground Water III (GB/T14848-93) Water temperature，pH，CODMn，NH3-N，NO2-N， Total Coliforms (4) Quality Standard for Urban 2 Environmental Noise (GB3096-93) Leq[dB(a)]

Table 2.1-2: Pollutant Discharge and Control Standards and Assessment Factors used in EAs for Sub-components Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (1) Standard Of Noise At Boundary Of II & IV Leq[dB(a)] Monitoring and management support Kunming Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) 1 system for total water pollutants control in (4) (2) Noise Limits For Construction Site I Leq[dB(a)] Lake Dianchi basin (GB12523-90) (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air II PM Pollutants (GB16297-1996) (2) Standard for Pollution Control on the I & II SS，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，Coliforms Landfill Site for Domestic Wastes Municipal solid waste collection and 2 (GB16889-1997) disposal in Luquan County (3) Standard of Noise at Boundary of Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) II Leq[dB(a)]

(4) Emission Standards for Odor II Pollutants (GB14554-93) Odor concentration，CH3SH，H2S，NH3 (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air II PM Pollutants (GB16297-1996) (2) Standard for Pollution Control on the I & II SS，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，Coliforms Landfill Site for Domestic Wastes Municipal solid waste collection and 3 (GB16889-1997) disposal in Songming County (3) Standard of Noise at Boundary of II Leq[dB(a)] Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90)

(4) Emission Standards for Odor II Pollutants (GB14554-93) Odor concentration，CH3SH，H2S，NH3

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (1) Standard for Pollution Control on the II Leachate :SS，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，Coliforms Landfill Site for Domestic Wastes (GB16889-1997) Fugitive Air:：PM emission (2) Emission Standards for Odor

Municipal solid waste collection and Pollutants (GB14554-93) 4 II disposal in Xundian County Odor concentration: CH3SH，H2S，NH3 (3) Standard of Noise at Boundary of Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) II Leq[dB(a)] (4) Noise Limits for Construction Site

(GB12523-90) － Leq[dB(a)] (1) Standard for Pollution Control on the III Leachates: SS，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，Coliforms Landfill Site for Domestic Wastes (GB16889-1997) Fugitive Air: PM Dali Municipal solid waste collection and emission (5) 5 disposal in Er’yuan County (2) Emission Standards for Odor II Odor concentration: CH3SH，H2S，NH3

Pollutants (GB14554-93)

(3) Noise Limits for Construction Site － (GB12523-90) Leq[dB(a)] (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air II PM Pollutants (GB16297-1996) － Leq[dB(a)] (2) Noise Limits for Construction Site

Municipal wastewater treatment plant and (GB12523-90) II Leq[dB(a)] 6 associated sewer network in Dengchuan (3) Standard of Noise at Boundary of

Town of Eryuan County Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90)

(4) Standard for Pollutants Discharged I (A) Wastewater: pH，SS，COD，BOD5，TN，TP， from Urban Wastewater Treatment NH -N，Fecal coliform Plant (GB18918-2002) 3 II Waste air: Odor concentration (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air II PM Pollutants (GB16297-1996) Rural non-point pollution control in Lake (2) Standard of Noise at Boundary of I Leq[dB(a)] 7 Erhai Basin Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) (3) Noise Limits for Construction Site － Leq[dB(a)] (GB12523-90)

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (1) Control Standards for Pollutants in － Sediment Sludges from Agricultural Use Integrated Water (GB4284-84) Environmental (2) Noise Limits For Construction Site － Leq[dB(a)] Management Of (GB12523-90) Yongan River (3) Emission Standards For Odor II Odor concentration Pollutants (GB14554-93) (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air Fugitive PM Pollutants (GB16297-1996) emission (2) Emission Standards For Odor Pollutants (GB14554-93) II Odor concentration

Integrated Water (3) Integrated Wastewater Discharge I (A) － Environmental Standard (GB8978-1996) Management Of Miju (4) Control Standards for Pollutants in River pH≥6.5 pH，总铅(Pb)，总锌(Zn)，总铜(Cu)，总镉(Cd)，总砷 Sludges from Agricultural Use (As) Integrated water (GB4284-84)

environmental (5) Noise Limits For Construction Site － management of 8 (GB12523-90) Leq[dB(a)] major river PM courses into Lake (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air II Area II

Erhai Pollutants (GB16297-1996) (2) Emission Standards For Odor II Odor concentration Integrated Water Pollutants (GB14554-93) Environmental (3) Integrated Wastewater Discharge Forbidden － Management Of Luoshi Standard (GB8978-1996) River (4) Control Standards For Pollutants In － Sludges From Agricultural Use pH, Total Pb, Total Zn, Total Cu, Total Cd, Total As (GB4284-84)

Integrated Water (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air II TSP，NOx，SO2 Environmental Pollutants (GB16297-1996) Management Of Boluo (2) Integrated Wastewater Discharge I － River Standard (GB8978-1996) Integrated Water － (3) Noise Limits For Construction Site Leq[dB(a)] Environmental (GB12523-90) Management Of 18 (4) Standard Of Noise At Boundary Of Steams From Canshan II & IV Leq[dB(a)] Mountain Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) 9 Urban drainage Ancient Town Area (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air II TSP，NOx，SO2 network system in Fengyi Area

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade Dali City Tourism Area Pollutants (GB16297-1996) I (2) Integrated Wastewater Discharge － Standard (GB8978-1996) － (3) Noise Limits For Construction Site Leq[dB(a)] Xizhou Twon Area (GB12523-90) (4) Standard Of Noise At Boundary Of II & IV Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) Leq[dB(a)] (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air II Point outside boundary with max. concentration: PM Pollutants (GB16297-1996) (2) Standard of Noise at Boundary of II Leq[dB(a)] Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) － Leq[dB(a)] Municipal wastewater treatment plant and (3) Noise Limits for Construction Site Lijiang 10 associated sewer network in Huaping (GB12523-90) (5) County (4) Standard for Pollutants Discharged Waste air: Odor concentration，CH SH，H S，NH from Urban Wastewater Treatment II 3 2 3 Plant (GB18918-2002) I (B) Wastewater: SS，CODr，BOD5，TP，NH3-N，Fecal Sludge for coliform agricultural Cd & its compounds, Hg & its compounds, Pb & its use compounds, Cr & its compounds, As & its compounds (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air II Point outside boundary with max. concentration: PM Pollutants (GB16297-1996) (2) Standard for Pollution Control on the III SS，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，Coliforms Landfill Site for Domestic Wastes (GB16889-1997) Fugitive Boundary of site: PM emission Municipal solid waste collection and 11 disposal project in Lijing City (3) Standard of Noise at Boundary of II Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) Leq[dB(a)]

(4) Emission Standards for Odor II Odor concentration，CH SH，H S，NH Pollutants (GB14554-93) 3 2 3

(5) Noise Limits for Construction Site － Leq[dB(a)] (GB12523-90)

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air Fugitive Point outside boundary with max. concentration: PM Pollutants (GB16297-1996) emission (2) Standard for Pollutants Discharged 3－ from Urban Wastewater Treatment I (B) Wastewater: pH，SS，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，PO4 No.2 municipal wastewater treatment plant 12 Plant (GB18918-2002) II Waste air: Odor concentration，CH3SH，H2S，NH3 and associated sewer network in Lijing City (3) Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB12523-90) － Leq[dB(a)] (4) Standard of Noise at Boundary of Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) II Leq[dB(a)] (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air Fugitive PM Pollutants (GB16297-1996) emission

Urban drainage pipe system in Yulong (2) Integrated Wastewater Discharge 3－ 13 I pH，SS，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，PO4 ，Volatile County Standard (GB8978-1996) phenolic compounds，Animal & Plant Oil，Petroleum (3) Noise Limits for Construction Site － oil (GB12523-90) Leq[dB(a)] 3－ (1) Integrated Wastewater Discharge III pH，SS，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，PO4 ，Animal & Standard (GB8978-1996) Plant Oil － 3－ (2) Discharge Standard for Municipal pH，SS，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，PO4 ，Animal & Wastewater (CJ3082-1999) Plant Oil －，，，， Integrated environmental management of (3) Miscellaneous Domestic Water Reclaimed water: Turbidity Colority Odor pH

14 sleeping lion mountain in Old Town district Quality Standards (CJ25.1-89) COD，BOD5，NH3-N，SS，Anion synthetic of Lijiang detergent，Total Coliforms (4) Standard of Noise at Boundary of I, II & IV Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) Leq[dB(a)] (5) Noise Limits for Construction Site － (GB12523-90) Leq[dB(a)] (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air II Newly constructed Fugitive emission monitoring: PM Pollutants (GB16297-1996) 3－ (2) Integrated Wastewater Discharge III pH，SS，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，PO4 ，Animal & Environmental monitoring and Wenshan Standard (GB8978-1996) Plant Oil 15 management capacity building in Wenshan (14) (3) Standard of Noise at Boundary of II Leq[dB(a)] Prefecture Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90)

(4) Noise Limits for Construction Site － (GB12523-90) Leq[dB(a)]

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air II PM Pollutants (GB16297-1996) (2) Integrated Wastewater Discharge Integrated management of Panlong River Standard (GB8978-1996) III pH，SS，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，Animal & Plant 16 (urban section) in Wenshan County (3) Noise Limits for Construction Site Oil，Petroleum oil (GB12523-90) － Leq[dB(a)] (4) Emission Standards for Odor Pollutants (GB14554-93) II Odor concentration

(1) Integrated Wastewater Discharge III SS，COD，BOD5，Animal & Plant Oil，TP，NH3-N Standard (GB8978-1996) (2) Discharge Standard for Municipal Urban drainage network system in Wastewater (CJ3082-1999) － SS，COD，BOD5，Animal & Plant Oil，TP，NH3-N 17 Wenshan County (3) Emission Standards for Odor Pollutants (GB14554-93) II Odor concentration，CH3SH，H2S，NH3 (4) Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB12523-90) － Leq[dB(a)]

(1) Integrated Wastewater Discharge III SS，COD，BOD5，Animal & Plant Oil，TP，NH3-N Standard (GB8978-1996) (2) Standard for Pollutants Discharged － SS，COD，BOD5，Animal & Plant Oil，TP， from Urban Wastewater Treatment NH -N，Fecal coliform Municipal wastewater treatment plant and 3 18 Plant (GB18918-2002) associated sewer network in Qiubei County II (3) Emission Standards for Odor Odor concentration，CH3SH，H2S，NH3 Pollutants (GB14554-93) (4) Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB12523-90) － Leq[dB(a)]

(1) Integrated Wastewater Discharge III pH，SS，COD，BOD5，Petroleum oil，NH3-N Standard (GB8978-1996) (2) Discharge Standard for Municipal － pH，SS，COD，BOD5，Petroleum oil，NH3-N Wastewater (CJ3082-1999) 19 Water supply in Qiubei County (3) Standard of Noise at Boundary of II Leq[dB(a)] Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) (4) Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB12523-90) － Leq[dB(a)]

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade Construction Period： (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air － PM 3－ Pollutants (GB16297-1996) pH，SS，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，PO4 ，Animal & (2) Integrated Wastewater Discharge Plant Oil，Volatile phenolic compounds，Petroleum Standard (GB8978-1996) I oil

Integrated management of water (3) Noise Limits For Construction Site － 20 environment in Lake Puzhehei of Qiubei (GB12523-90) Leq[dB(a)] County Operation Period： (4) Standard For Pollutants Discharged I (A) From Urban Wastewater Treatment pH，SS，COD，BOD5，TN，TP，Fecal coliform Plant (GB18918-2002) (5) Emission Standards For Odor － Pollutants (GB14554-93) Odor concentration (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air II TSP，NO2，SO2 Pollutants (GB16297-1996) II (2) Emission Standards for Odor Odor concentration

Pollutants (GB14554-93)

(3) Noise Limits for Construction Site Municipal solid waste collection and － Leq[dB(a)] 21 (GB12523-90) disposal in Malipo County (4) Standard for Pollution Control on the 2－ III pH，SS，COD，BOD5，DO，SO4 ，Chlorides， Landfill Site for Domestic Wastes 6＋ Volatile phenolic compounds，Petroleum oil，Cr ， (GB16899-1997) Zn，CN－，Hg，Cu，Pb，Se，S2－，F－，NO -N， (5) Standard of Noise at Boundary of 3 II Coliforms Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) Leq[dB(a)] (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air Fugitive TSP，SO2 Pollutants (GB16297-1996) emission (2) Standard for Pollutants Discharged from Urban Wastewater Treatment II Waste air: Odor concentration，H2S，NH3 Plant (GB18918-2002) Municipal wastewater treatment plant and 22 (3) Emission Standards for Odor associated sewer network in Malipo County II Pollutants (GB14554-93) Odor concentration，H2S，NH3

(4) Noise Limits for Construction Site － (GB12523-90) Leq[dB(a)]

(5) Standard of Noise at Boundary of I, II & IV Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) Leq[dB(a)]

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air II TSP Pollutants (GB16297-1996) (2) Standard for Pollutants Discharged I (B) pH ，COD，BOD5，SS，Animal & Plant Oil， from Urban Wastewater Treatment Petroleum oil，Anion synthetic detergent, Fecal 二级 Municipal wastewater treatment plant and Plant (GB18918-2002) coliform，Colority，TN，TP，NH3-N 23 associated sewer network in Funing County Odor concentration，CH3SH，H2S，NH3 (3) Noise Limits for Construction Site － Leq[dB(a)] (GB12523-90) II & IV (4) Standard of Noise at Boundary of Leq[dB(a)] Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90)

(1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air Fugitive TSP，SO2，H2S Pollutants (GB16297-1996) emission (2) Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Wastes III SS，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，Coliforms (GB16889-1997) Standard Municipal solid waste collection and (3) Emission Standards for Odor Odor concentration 24 at disposal in Funing County Pollutants (GB14554-93) boundary (4) Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB12523-90) Leq[dB(a)] － (5) Standard of Noise at Boundary of Leq[dB(a)] Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) II (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air Fugitive PM，NOx Pollutants (GB16297-1996) emission

(2) Integrated Wastewater Discharge I pH，SS，COD，BOD ，NH -N，PO 3－，Animal & Integrated management of Puting River in Standard (GB8978-1996) 5 3 4 25 Plant Oil，Volatile phenolic compounds，Petroleum Funing County (3) Noise Limits for Construction Site － (GB12523-90) oil Leq[dB(a)] (4) Emission Standards for Odor II Pollutants (GB14554-93) Odor concentration

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air Fugitive PM，SO2 Pollutants (GB16297-1996) emission (2) Standard for Pollutants Discharged from Urban Wastewater Treatment I (B) SS，COD，BOD5，Animal & Plant Oil，TP，

Plant (GB18918-2002) NH3-N，Fecal coliform (3) Integrated Wastewater Discharge III Standard (GB8978-1996) SS，COD，BOD ，Animal & Plant Oil，TP，NH -N 5 3 (4) Discharge Standard for Municipal － Urban drainage network system in Yanshan Wastewater (CJ3082-1999) SS，COD，BOD5，Animal & Plant Oil，TP，NH3-N 26

County (5) Emission Standards for Odor II ，，， Pollutants (GB14554-93) Odor concentration CH3SH H2S NH3 (6) Noise Limits for Construction Site － Leq[dB(a)] (GB12523-90)

(7) Standard of Noise at Boundary of II & IV Leq[dB(a)] Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90)

(8) Control Standards for Pollutants in － Sludge Sludges from Agricultural Use (GB4282-84) Construction Period： (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air PM，NO2 Pollutants (GB16297-1996) Fugitive emission (2) Integrated Wastewater Discharge I 3－ Standard (GB8978-1996) pH，SS，COD，BOD5，NH3-N，PO4 ，Animal & Plant Oil，Volatile phenolic compounds，Petroleum (3) Noise Limits For Construction Site － (GB12523-90) oil Leq[dB(a)] Municipal wastewater treatment plant and Operation Period：

27 associated sewer network in Guangnan (4) Standard For Pollutants Discharged I (B) County From Urban Wastewater Treatment 3－ pH，SS，COD，BOD5，TN，TP，PO4 ，Animal & Plant (GB18918-2002) Plant Oil，Petroleum oil，Anion synthetic detergent， Fugitive Fecal coliform emission

－ (5) Standard Of Noise At Boundary Of Odor concentration，CH SH，H S，NH II & IV 3 2 3 Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) Sludge

Leq[dB(a)]

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Prefecture/ Category/ No Sub-components Standards Assessment Factors Municipality Grade (1) Integrated Emission Standard Of Air II PM10，SO2，NO2 Pollutants (GB16297-1996) － 2－ 6 (2) Standard for Pollution Control on the pH，COD，BOD5，CODMn，Cl ，SO4 ，As，Cr Landfill Site for Domestic Wastes III ＋，Pb，Cd，Hg，F－，Volatile phenolic compounds，

(GB16889-1997) NH -N，NO -N，NO -N，Coliforms Municipal solid waste collection and 3 3 2 28 (3) Emission Standards for Odor Odor concentration disposal in Maguang County II Pollutants (GB14554-93)

(4) Noise Limits for Construction Site － (GB12523-90) Leq[dB(a)]

(5) Standard of Noise at Boundary of II Industrial Enterprises (GB12348-90) Leq[dB(a)]

2.1.8 The World Bank Safeguards Policies

(1) OP/BP 4.01 Environmental Assessment (2) OP/BP 4.04 Natural Habitats (3) OP 4.09 Pest Management (4) OP 4.37 Safety of Dams (5) OP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources (6) OP/BP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement (7) OD 4.20 Indigenous Peoples (8) OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways (9) BP17.50 Information Disclosure

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2.1.9 Documents Referred in Processing this EA Report

(1) KMUST. TOR (General) for Environmental Assessment on the World Bank Financed YUEP (2) KMUST. TOR (Water Supply and Sewerage Sector) for Environmental Assessment on the World Bank Financed YUEP (3) KMUST. TOR (River Integrated Environmental Renovation Sector) for Environmental Assessment on the World Bank Financed YUEP (4) ) KMUST. TOR (Domestic Solid Waste Sector) for Environmental Assessment on the World Bank Financed YUEP (5) Yunnan Provincial Environmental Examination and Clearance Centre of Construction Project (Document YUN-HUAN-PING-GANG [2007] No.101) Opinion on the Technical Appraisal of the TOR (General) for Environmental Assessment on the World Bank Financed YUEP (6) Yunnan Provincial Environmental Examination and Clearance Centre of Construction Project (Document YUN-HUAN-PING-GANG [2007] No.102) Opinion on the Technical Appraisal of the TOR (Water Supply and Sewerage Sector) for Environmental Assessment on the World Bank Financed YUEP (7) Yunnan Provincial Environmental Examination and Clearance Centre of Construction Project (Document YUN-HUAN-PING-GANG [2007] No.103) Opinion on the Technical Appraisal of the TOR (River Integrated Environmental Renovation Sector) for Environmental Assessment on the World Bank Financed YUEP (8) Yunnan Provincial Environmental Examination and Clearance Centre of Construction Project (Document YUN-HUAN-PING-GANG [2007] No.104) Opinion on the Technical Appraisal of the TOR (Domestic Solid Waste Sector) for Environmental Assessment on the World Bank Financed YUEP (9) Groupe Huit/SCE, Yunnan Urban Environmental Project－YUEP2 EA Guidance Report， 2007.01 (10) EIA Reports of each Project Sub-components (before final draft) (2007.09) (11) FS Reports of each Project Sub-components (before final draft) (2007.09)

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2.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT INSTITUTIONS AND ROLES

In China, the Central Government and the governments of different levels of province (municipalities directly under the Central Government), municipality and county all establish their own environmental management institutions, according to law. All these environmental management institutions exercise their own functions and responsibilities defined, according to law. The environmental management institutions that are related to this project are: the State Environmental Protection Administration, Yunnan Environmental Protection Bureau, environmental protection bureaus of prefecture or municipal-level, Er’hai Management Authority and environmental protection bureaus of county-level. (1) the State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) SEPA has been promoted to a department directly under the State Council since in March of 1998, administrating environmental affairs and law enforcement in the country. Its major responsibilities are: z Formulating the national guidelines, policies, rules and regulations, and administrative rules and regulations related to environmental protection; z Supervising the development and utilization activities of natural resources that have impacts on eco-environment, and the work of key eco-environmental improvements and rehabilitation; z Supervising and inspecting the work of environmental protection for various kinds of nature reserves, scenic spots and forest parks; supervising and inspecting the work of bio-diversity conservation, wild life and species conservation, wetland environmental protection, and desertification combating; z Supervising the management of national nature reserves; z Guiding and coordinating to deal with the key environmental problems of different localities, departments and cross-regions and cross river basins; z Formulating the regulatory regime of environmental management and organizing its implementation; z Examining & approving EIA Reports of the development and construction activities; z Guiding the delivery of comprehensive environmental renovation in both urban and rural areas; z Taking charge of rural eco-environmental protection; z Managing the international cooperation and exchanges affairs on environmental protection; z Participating in the coordination of important international environmental activities;

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z Managing, coordinating and organizing relevant domestic implementation activities related to the fulfilment of international environmental conventions ; z Managing the foreign affairs within its EPB’s system; z Coordinating and fulfilling relevant foreign-funded or invested projects; z Dealing with the foreign affair related to environmental protection, which are entrusted by the State Council; z Responsible for contacting with international environmental organizations. The General Department of Environmental Impact Assessment is set up under the SEPA and is especially responsible for the administration of environmental impact assessment. Its main responsibilities are: z To formulate and organize the implementation of policies and rules and regulations on environmental management such as EIA, and the "Three-Simultaneous"; z To conduct EIA on key economic and technical policies, development plans, and major economic development plans; to formulate the inventory for the management of EIA in a classified manner; z To be responsible for examining and approving EIA reports of key development and construction projects. (2) Yunnan Environmental Protection Bureau (YEPB) YEPB is responsible for provincial environmental administration and law enforcement, its main responsibilities include: z Implementing the national environmental guidelines, policies, laws, rules and regulations, and standards; z Draft provincial-level rules and regulations related to environmental protection and supervising their implementation; z Carrying out EIAs on the key provincial economical and technological policies, development plans, important economic development plans, when delegated by the Yunnan Provincial Government; z Developing environmental protection plans, organizing to carry out environmental function zoning and to develop regional and watershed plans for preventing and controlling pollution, as well as ecological protection plans; and then supervising their implementations; z Involving in developing policies and plans related to the industry of environmental protection;

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z Carrying out the supervision on the work of eco-environmental protection and the environmental management on construction projects; z Organizing to develop and implement the plans for the treatment of pollution sources within a prescribed time; z Developing the provincial plans for controlling the total quantity of pollutant discharge; and responsible for managing the application and registration of pollutant discharge and issuing pollutant discharge permits, and organizing the supervision and management of levying pollutant discharge fees; z Responsible for environmental supervision and administrative check; z Organizing to fulfil international conventions within the province; z Responsible for international economic-technological cooperation and communication in environmental protection; z Dealing with relevant foreign affairs concerning environmental protection, when delegated by the Yunnan Provincial Government. The EIA Division is established under the YEPB, especially responsible for the management of EIA affairs. Its main responsibilities include: z Specially responsible for an unified supervision and management on the implementation of the systems of EIA and the ‘Three Simultaneous’; z Implementing the national laws, rules & regulations and policies that are related to the systems of EIA and the ‘Three Simultaneous’; z Drafting and implementing local rules & regulations and polices that are related to the systems of EIA and the ‘Three Simultaneous’; z In charge for examining the EIA documents of the sectoral plans that need to be approved by the Provincial Government and relevant governmental agencies; z Guide and supervise the work of approving EIA for construction projects in the whole province ; z Endow administrative permits to the EIA documents for construction projects within the authority of YEPB; z Endow administrative permits that construction projects are allowed to be on-trail operation or that environmental facilities of construction projects are checked and accepted, within the authority of YEPB; z Guide the Provincial EIA technical examination and clearance Centre to deliver technical appraisal of EIA reports. .

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Under the YEPB, also the International Cooperation Division is established, dealing with foreign cooperation and exchanges affairs on environmental protection in the whole province, its main responsibilities are: z Organizing the work of projects screening, recommending and application concerning foreign-invested environmental programmes or projects along with other sections; z Responsible for organizing negotiations with international organizations, foreign governments and agencies and NGO over cooperation on environmental protection; z Responsible for managing the organization and implementation of international cooperative projects; z Accept to deal with relevant environmental affairs concerning foreign-funded projects in the province. The YEPB specially set up YPPO to bear the responsibility for carrying out daily organization and coordination of YUEP projects financed by the World Bank, including project components selection, recommending, loan application, coordination on the project preparation, negotiation, check and acceptance after the projects finished. (3) Prefecture-Level EPBs The EPBs of prefecture level (Kunming Municipality, Dali Prefecture, Lijiang Municipality, Wenshan Prefecture) are responsible for day to day administrative management and law enforcement concerning environmental protection within prefectures. The main responsibilities include: z Implementing the national environmental guidelines, policies, laws, rules & regulations, and standards; z Drafting prefecture-level rules, regulations and management measures concerning environmental protection and then supervising the implementation of them; z Carry out EIAs on the key prefectural economical and technological policies, development plans, economic development plans with the entrustment of the prefecture-level governments; z Developing environmental protection plans, organizing to develop watershed plans for pollution prevention & control and ecological protection plans, and then supervising their implementations; z Carrying out the supervision on the work of eco-environmental protection and the environmental management on construction projects within prefectures; z Organizing to develop and implement the prefecture-level plans for the treatment of pollution sources within a prescribed time;

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z Developing the prefecture-level plans for controlling the total quantity of pollutant discharge; and responsible for managing the application and registration of pollutant discharge and pollutant discharge licensing; and organizing the supervision and management of levying pollutant discharge fees; z Responsible for environmental supervision and administrative check; z Organising to fulfill international conventions within prefectures; z Responsible for international economic-technological cooperation and exchanges in environmental protection; z Dealing with relevant foreign affairs concerning environmental protection, when delegated by the prefecture-level governments. The EIA sections (or pollution control sections or supervision & management sections) are set up under prefecture-level EPBs, especially responsible for managing day-to-day EIA work.. The main responsibilities include: z Specially responsible for an unified supervision and management on the implementation of the of EIA and the ‘Three Simultaneous’; z Implementing the national and provincial laws, rules & regulations and policies that are related to the systems of EIA and the ‘Three Simultaneous’; z Drafting and implementing local rules & regulations and polices that are related to the systems of EIA and the ‘Three Simultaneous’; z Guide and supervise the work of approving EIA for construction projects within prefectures; z Endow administrative permits to the EIA documents for construction projects within the authority of prefecture-level EPBs; z Endow administrative permits that construction projects are allowed to be on-trail operation or that environmental facilities of construction projects are checked and accepted, within the authority of EPBs.; The prefecture-level EPBs specially set up PPOs to bear the responsibility for carrying out daily organization and coordination of YUEP projects loaned by the World Bank, including project screening, recommending, application, negotiation, check and acceptance after the projects finished. (4) Er’hai Lake Management Bureau According to the Regulation of Dali Prefecture on the Management of Er’hai Lake (Revised) (Revised at the Second Meeting of the Eleventh CPC of Dali Prefecture in January 15 2004 and approved at the Eighth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth CPC of Yunnan

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Province in March 26 2004), Er’hai Authority is the special agency of the Dali Municipal Government for managing the Er’hai Lake. Its major responsibilities are: z Disseminating and implementing relevant laws, rules and regulations, as well as the Regulation of Dali Prefecture on the Management of Er’hai Lake (Revised); z Developing the medium and long term plans for the conservation and management of Er’hai Lake and then submitting to the Dali Municipal Government for examination and after that, submitting to the Prefecture Government for approval for implementation; z Carrying out a unified management on the outlet control dam and the inlet control dam to divert the lake water to Binchuan County; and developing the plans and schemes for the transfer and allocation of water, and submitting to the Dali Municipal Government for examination and after that, submitting to the Prefecture Government for approval z Participating in the supervision, checking and implementation of the measures for protecting eco-environment and controlling pollution of Er’hai Lake, along with other relevant agencies; z Working with other relevant agencies to organize and coordinate the popularization and utilization of scientific achievements on Er’hai Lake; z Exercising its authority of administrative punishment concerning the lakeshores’ water, fishing, forest and eco-environment affairs within the Er’hai Lake area. (5)County-Level EPBs The county (or district) EPBs that are involved in the different subprojects are responsible for day to day administrative management and law enforcement concerning environmental protection within counties. The main responsibilities include: z Implementing the national environmental guidelines, policies, laws, rules & regulations, and standards; z Developing county-level environmental protection plans, and then supervising their implementations; z Carrying out the supervision on the work of eco-environmental protection and the environmental management on construction projects within its jurisdiction; z Organizing to develop and implement the county-level plans for the treatment of pollution sources within a prescribed time; z Developing the county-level plans for controlling the total quantity of pollutant discharge; and responsible for managing the application and registration of pollutant discharge and pollutant discharge licensing; and organizing the supervision and management of levying pollutant discharge fees;

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z Responsible for environmental supervision and administrative check; The administrative framework of Chinese environmental management (related to the project) see Fig.2.1 The State Environmental Protection Administration

Yunnan Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau (YPMO)

Kunming Lijiang Municipal Wenshan Dali Municipal Government Prefecture Prefecture Government Government Government

Prefecture/Municipality-Level Er’hai Lake Environmental Protection Bureaus Management (PMOs of Prefecture/Municipality) Bureau

Note：concrete line Other Company Owners of indicates direct relation Governmental Different Subprojects Dotted line indicates Departments indirect relation

Fig2.1 The Framework of Chinese Environmental Management that related to YUEP

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3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS

3.1 PROJECT NAME AND ORGANIZATION

YUEP (this project below) mainly consists of the subcomponents listed in table 3.1-1

Table 3.1-1 Basic Components of the Project

Type Dali prefecture 5) Kunming (4) Lijiang (5) Wenshan prefecture((14)

water supply, draining and Xizhou town sewer in Dali City No.2 WWTP in Lijiang City sewage treatment(12) Urban sewer Sewer in Tourism District of Dali City Urban sewer in Yulong County in Dali City water supply, draining Sewer in ancient Dali City WWTP in Huaping County and sewage treatment Sewage collection net in Fengyi district of Dali City (12) WWTP and associated sewer in WWTP in Dengchuan Town of Eryuan County Fu'ning County WWTP in Guangnan County WWTP in Malipo County Integrated Integrated water Aquatic environmental comprehensive treatment project in Yongan River water environmental renovation (4) environment Aquatic environmental comprehensive treatment project in Luoshi River Integrated water al renovation environmental of Aquatic environmental comprehensive treatment project in Midu River renovation (4) major river Aquatic environmental comprehensive treatment project in Boluo River of

courses into Dali city Lake Erhai Aquatic environmental comprehensive treatment project in Canshan

Eighteen Creek of Dali city city refuse treatment Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Eryuan County SWTP of Songming County SWTP of Lijiang City SWTP in Malipo County and disposal SWTP of XundianCounty SWTP in Fu'ning County (8) SWTP of Luquan County SWTP in Maguan County Monitoring and management Capacity building in Integrated environmental others support system for total water environmental monitoring and Rurual runoff pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin renovation of Lion Mountain in (4) pollutants control in Lake supervision system of Wenshan ancient Lijiang City Dianchi Basin Prefecture Information source: YPPO, 2007-9-13

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3.2 PROJECT PROPOSED LOCATION

The project includes 28 subcomponents, distributing 4 cities and prefectures provincially. Realistic proposed locations are: (1) Kunming City (4, 14.28%): Down Town, Songming County, Xundian County, Luquan County. (2) Dali Prefecture (5, 17.86%): Dali City, Erquan County. (3) Lijiang City (5, 17.86%): Ancient Region, Yulong County, Huaping County. (4) Wenshan Prefecture (14, 50.00%): Wenshan County, Qiubei County, Malipo County, Funing County, Yanshan County, Guangnan County, Maguan County. The project geological location in Yunnan province see Fig 3.2-1to Fig3.2-5

丽江市 LIJIANG

大理州 DALI 昆明市 KUNMING

文山州 WENSHAN

Fig 3.2-1 YUEP geographic location

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禄劝县 LUQUAN N

昆明市子项目区域位置

寻甸县 XUNDIAN

嵩明县 SONGMING

云南省 Yunnan

昆明市 Kunming

滇池 DIANCHI LAKE

Fig 3.2-2 YUEP (Kunming subcomponents) geographic location

ADDIX：Kunming Subcomponents Region Distribution Situation

Number Proposed Name of Subcomponents Location

Monitoring and management support system for total water pollutants control in Lake 1 Down Town Dianchi Basin

2 Songming County SWTP

3 Xundian County SWTP

4 Luquan County SWTP

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大理州子项目区域位置 N

洱源县 ERYUAN

洱海 ERHAI LAKE

大理市大理州 DALI DALI

云南省 Yunnan

Fig 3.2-3 YUEP (Dali subcomponents) geographic location

ADDIX：Dali Subcomponebts Region Distribution Situation

Proposed Number Name of Subcomponents Location

Urban Sewer (1) Sewer in ancient Dali City 1 Dali City (2) Sewage collection net in Fengyi district of Dali City (3) Sewer in Tourism District of Dali City (4) Xizhou town sewer in Dali City

2 Eryuan County WWTP in Dengchuan Town

3 Eryuan County SWTP

Integrated water environmental renovation of major river courses into Lake Erhai (1) Aquatic environmental comprehensive treatment project in Yongan River (2) Aquatic environmental comprehensive treatment project in Midu River 4 Erhai Watershed (3) Aquatic environmental comprehensive treatment project in Luoshi River (4) Aquatic environmental comprehensive treatment project in Boluo River (5) Aquatic environmental comprehensive treatment project in Canshan Eighteen Creek

5 Erhai Watershed Rurual runoff pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin

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大理州子项目分布图

洱源县邓川镇污水处理厂及配套管网工程 Wastewater Treatment Plant and Sewerage Pipeline Project of Dengchuan Town，Eryuan C

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N 丽江市子项目区位置

玉龙县古城区 YULONG GUCHENG

华坪县 HUAPING

丽江市 LIJIANG

云南省 Yunnan

Fig 3.2-4 YUEP (Lijiang subcomponents) geographic location

ADDIX： Lijiang Subcomponents Region Distribution Situation

Number Proposed Location Name of Subcomponents

1 Ancient Region No.2 WWTP

2 Ancient Region SWTP

3 Ancient Region Integrated environmental renovation of Lion Mountain

4 Huaing County WWTP

5 Yulong County Urban sewer

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丘北县 QIUBEI 广南县 GUANGNAN 富宁县 FUNING 砚山县 YANSHAN

文山县 WENSHAN 麻栗坡县 MALIPO

马关县 MAGUAN

云南省 Yunnan

文山州子项目区域位置文山州 WENSHAN

Fig 3.2-5 YUEP (Wenshan subcomponents) geographic location

ADDIX：Wenshan Prefecture Subcomponents Region Distribution Situation

Number Proposed Location Name of Subcomponents

1 Urban sewer

Integrated environmental renovation along the section of Panlong River within Wenshan 2 Wenshan County County Town area

3 Capacity building in environmental monitoring and supervision system of Wenshan Prefecture 4 WWTP

5 Qiubei County Water Supply in Qiubei County

6 Integrated improvement ofwater environment in Lake Puzhehei

7 SWTP Malipo County 8 WWTP

9 WWTP and associated sewer

10 Funing County SWTP

11 Integrated environmental improvement in Putting River basin

12 Yanshan County Sewer

13 Guangnan County WWTP

14 Maguan County SWTP

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3.3 SUBCOMPONENTS’ OWNERS OR IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION

The Subcomponents’ Owners or Implementing Organization see table 3.3-1

Table 3.3-1 Subcomponents’ Owners or Implementing Organization

Subcomponents’ Owners Subcomponent’s Number Name of Subcomponents or Implementing Location(Prefecture ) Organization

Monitoring and management support Kunming Environmental Information 1 system for total water pollutants control in Center Lake Dianchi Basin (EA table)

Solid Waste Disposal,

Kunming 2 SWTP of Luquan County Transformation and Management of Luquan County (4)

Solid Waste Disposal Center of 3 SWTP of Songming County Songming County

Solid Waste Transformation and 4 SWTP of XundianCounty Disposal Center of Xundian County

Municipal solid waste collection and Environmental Sanitary Management 5 disposal project in Eryuan County Station of Eryuan County

WWTP in Dengchuan Town of Eryuan 6 EPA of Eryuan County Dali prefecture County

(5) Rurual runoff pollution control in Lake Erhai 7 EPA of Dali City and Eryuan County Basin

Integrated water environmental renovation Aquatic Section of Dali City, EPA of 8 of major river courses into Lake Erhai Dali City and Eryuan County

9 Urban sewer in Dali City Dali Water Supply and Draining Ltd.

Water Draining Company of Huaping 10 WWTP in Huaping County County

11 SWTP of Lijiang City Lijiang Solid Waste Disposal Factory

Lijiang Lijiang Water Supply and Draining 12 No.2 WWTP in Lijiang City (5) Ltd.

Construction Section of Yulong 13 Urban sewer in Yulong County County

14 Integrated environmental renovation of Lion Lijiang Ancient Region Management

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Subcomponents’ Owners Subcomponent’s Number Name of Subcomponents or Implementing Location(Prefecture ) Organization

Mountain in ancient Lijiang City Ltd.

Capacity building in environmental

15 monitoring and supervision system of EPA of Wenshan Prefecture

Wenshan Prefecture

Integrated environmental renovation along Wenshan County Development and 16 the section of Panlong River within Investment Ltd. Wenshan County Town area

Wenshan County Water Supply and 17 Urban sewer in Wenshan County Draining Ltd.

Qiubei County Water Supply and 18 WWTP in Qiubei County Draining Ltd.

Qiubei County Water Supply and 19 Water Supply in Qiubei County Draining Ltd.

Integrated improvement ofwater Tourism and Development Ltd. in 20 environment in Lake Puzhehei of Qiubei County Puzhehei of Qiubei County Wenshan prefecture Solid Waste Disposal Center of (14) 21 SWTP in Malipo County Malipo County

Malipo County Water Supply and 22 WWTP in Malipo County Draining Ltd.

WWTP and associated sewer in Fu'ning Funing County Water Supply and 23 County Draining Ltd.

24 SWTP in Fu'ning County Funing County Hongxing Company

Integrated environmental improvement in 25 Funing County Hongxing Company Putting River basin in Fu'ning County

26 Sewer in Yanshan County Yanshan County Water Draining Ltd.

City Water Supply and Draining 27 WWTP in Guangnan County Company of Guangnan County

Solid Waste Disposal Company of 28 SWTP in Maguan County Maguan County

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3.4 PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEME

3.4.1 Project construction scale and content

3.4.1.1 PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCALE The construction scale and the related situation of Water supply,draining and sewage treatment subcomponents and City Refuse Disposal components of the project see table 3.4-1-3.4-2.

Table 3.4-1 The Construction Scale of the water supply, draining and sewage treatment Subcomponents

Short-term： Xizhou 2005～2010 2010：0.93 2010：1370 2010：1370 drainpipe：L＝ Combined Combined WWTP of town sewer Er’hai lake 9460，d300～600 system system Xizhou in Dali City Long-term： 2020：1.61 2020：3410 2020：3410 2011～2020

Sewage main ：：＝， Sewage Sewer in Short-term pipe L 6324 interceptor Tourism 2005～2010 2010：2.9 2010：3400 2010：3400 d400～800－ Diversion Diversion Er’hai lake from ancient District of 500～900 system system Long-term： 2015：4.2 2020：7340 2020：7340 townto Dali City 2011～2020 Storm sewer：L＝ Xiaguan Dali Prefecture 2324

Diversion system

Sewer in Short-term： 2010：3 2010：9320 2010：9320 Lay the rainwater Part Part Er’hai Sewage ancient 2007～2010 and sewage Combined lake interceptor from Dali City 2020：3 2020：14910 2020：14910 combined sewer: system ancient townto Long-term： L＝12403， Xiaguan 2011～2020 d400～1000 Rebuild the rainwater ditch: L ＝3143，B×H＝ Yunnan Urban Environment Project Office 500×500 ～ - 64 - 1000×700 Kunming University of Science & Technology YUEP - Consolidated EA Report

Pipeline Drainage Drainage system Living Planning network whereabouts Name Cities and Service Planning service sewage treatment length L/m， of production 3 Prefectures period population/10,000person scale/m ·d pipe Current After Current After Projec 3 －1 －1 /m ·d diameter situation constructin situation constructin d/mm Build new storm sewer: L＝1557

Sewage Sewage main collection ：＝， Short-term pipe: L 15845 Diversion net in Dafeng road 2005～2010 2010：1.58 2010 年：1640 2010：1640 d300～800 Combined system Fengyi Boluo river sewage system district of Long-term： 2020：2.03 2020 年：3360 2020：3360 Rainwater main interceptor Dali City 2011～2020 pipe: L＝4410， d500～600

WWTP in Dengchuan Short-term： WWTP in Town and 2013 2013：0.8699 2013：1200 2013：1200 associated sewer: Combined Diversion Dengchuan Yousuo Luoshi river L＝1041 system system Town of Eryuan Town of Long-term： 2025：1.1032 2025：1600 2025：1600 County Eryuan 2025 County

Sewage interception network of Phase Old town： I：L＝112300， Short-term： diversion No.2 d200～1800 system 2007～2015 2015：18.66 2015：20000 2015：20000 Diversion Yanggong No.2 WWTP in WWTP in WWTP extension New town： Long-term： 2025：27.81 2025：50000 2025：50000 system river Lijiang City Lijiang C and urban sewage incomplete 2016～2025 interceptors of diversion phase II：L＝ system 45950，d100～ 500 Lijiang City ： Urban Short-term Rainwater main Yanggong river sewer in 2002～2005 2005：3.0 pipe：L＝55000 Combined Diversion Yanggong －－ and its Yulong system system river Long-term： 2020：6.5 Rainwater hidden tributaries County 2006～2020 ditch：L＝21560

： Short-term： Full length of Old town WWTP in diversion 2007～2013 2013：5.1506， 2013：6000 2013：6000 sewer pipeline：L Combined Liyu river WWTP in Huaping ＝ system Long-term： 2023：7.2656 2023：12000 2023：12000 42560 system Liuxi river Huaping County County New town： 2014～2023 thereinto： diversion

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Construct new sewere pipelineand rehabilitate sewer pipelines ： Urban Short-term L＝260000， Part Wenshan sewer in 2006～2012 2012：18.77 2012：30803 2012：25000 Part Diversion Panlong d500～1500 Combined Panlong river Prefecture Wenshan system river Long-term： 2025：28.6 2025：50046 2025：50000 system County Sewage pipe 2013～2025 (rainwater-sewa ge combined sewer)： L＝609000， d400～1000

Old town： Drainpipe Combined network：L＝ system Rianwater Short-term： diversion WWTP in 22827，d400～ Shigang 2006～2013 2013：4.97 2013：5800 2010：6000 system Qingshui WWTP in Qiubei 1200 ba zone Long-term： 2025：7.34 2025：12000 2025：12000 Part old town river Qiubei County County thereinto， of ～ developin keep combined 2014 2025 ： combined sewer g district: system L＝7603 diversion system

Water Short-term： 2013：4.97 － 2013：9000 Water source－－－－－ Supply in 2008～2013 pump station：L＝ Qiubei 2025：7.34 2025：19000

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Old town： Combined Old town： WWTP and Short-term Construct sewage system Combined associated 2005～2013 2013：4.83 2013：6180.2 2013：7000 interceptor： system WWTP in sewer in New town： Putting river Funing County Fu'ning Long-term 2023：7.15 2023：1315.6 2023：14000 L＝3594。d400～ build the New town：build County 2014～2023 1000 new the new diversion diversion system system

Sewage interception network：L＝ 4403，d300～ 1000 Short-term： Rainwater-sewage Sewer in 2008～2013 2013：6.1 2013：4756 2013： 5000 pipeline：L＝ Combined Combined Tinghu Yanshan 3067，d300～ WWTP Long-term： 2023：9.1 2023：10076 2023： 10000 system system Reservoir County 1200 2014～2023 Outlet and return pipe：L＝3000， d800 Return water open channel：L＝1100

Built-up center zone： Short-term： Associated WWTP in combined WWTP in 2006～2013 2013：6.3165 2013：8000 2013：8000 sewer：L＝ Combined Bada river Guangnan system Guangnan Long-term： 2025：10.1129 2025：16000 2025：24000 14892，d300～ system Shiqiao river County New town： County 2014～2025 900 diversion system

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Old town： Short-term： Combined WWTP in Main interceptor： 2005～2013 2013：2.79 2013：4000 2013：4000 Combined system Chouyang WWTP in Malipo L＝13193， system river Malipo County County Long-term： 2023：4.13 2023：8000 2023：8000 d300～ 800 New town： 2014～2023 diversion system

Table 3.4-2 The Construction Scale of the Solid waste Disposal Subcomponents

SW Planning Planning treatment Planning Leachate Cities and Name of Current situation of transfer Garbage Other Population/10, scale, service treatment or Prefectures Project WWTP/distance/KM station/ truck vehicle 000 person capacity(10,000m3) life/a whereabouts unit

Short-term:collection-a

SWTP of djusting-back sprinkle Plan to construct/14 (11th 10.03 85t/d, 42.72 12 1 13 4 Songming County long-term:pipeline five-year plan)

deliver to WWTP Kunming City Short-term:collection-a SWTP of Xundian djusting-back sprinkle Under construction/7.5 5.2 70t/d, 58.83 15 2 6 4 County long-term:pipeline (agree to take over,annex 5) deliver to WWTP

Short-term:collection-a SWTP of Luquan djusting-back sprinkle Under construction/7.5 11.6 90t/d 51.95 14 1 13 2 County long-term:pipeline (agree to take over,annex 6) deliver to WWTP

Dali Prefecture Municipal solid 6.78 60t/d 63.2 20 Dry season: back Already built/8 (agree to 2 8 3

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waste collection sprinkle to refuse dump take over,annex 7)

and disposal rainy season: pipeline

project in Eryuan deliver to WWTP

County

Dry season: back

sprinkle to refuse dump

SWTP of Lijiang rainy season:pack with synchronous construction/18 Lijiang City 35 270t/d 200 18 9 29 City sealed bag and (subcomponent of the project)

transfer to urban waste

water pipeline network

Dry season: back

SWTP in Malipo sprinkle to refuse dump Parallel construction/3.5 4.45 53.36t/d 40 20 _ 17 County rainy season: pipeline (subcomponent of the project)

Wenshan deliver to WWTP Prefecture Dry season: back

SWTP in Maguan sprinkle to refuse dump Plan to construct/3.5 (11th 4.496 80t/d 75.5 18 5 6 4 County rainy season: pipeline five-year plan)

deliver to WWTP

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From the table 3.4-1, getting the results as follows: （1）The construction of Water supply, draining and sewage treatment subcomponents will be completed by short-term and long-term constructions. The design scale of wastewater treatment plant(WTP) will make sure by the population quantities and the rate of the population. The design scale of WTP should equal to the life wastewater volume or be bigger than it. Meanwhile, the project should construct the pipe-net such as drainpipe, sewage main pipe, rainwater pipe, return water-pipe, Sewage interception pipe and so on. The project should accord with the rules in the Citied Sewage Treatment and Pollution Prevention and Cure Technique Policy (Urban Construction [2000]124). The related rule is that the final scale should be made sure according as the lone-term palling and the short-term scale should be made sure according as the actual water volume before the construction of citied sewage treatment facilities. (2) The drainage system of the old city zone reserves the combined system. The new city zone and newly constructive pipe-works use the diversion system. The project should accord with the rules in the Citied Sewage Treatment and Pollution Prevention and Cure Technique Policy (Urban Construction [2000]124). The related rule is: the new city zone should preferentially be thought to use the diversion system and if the combined system is very hard to rebuild, the combined system can be used continuously and the river closure multiple should be made sure reasonably. In the less rainfall city, the combined system can be used in based on the fact. (3) After the project running, the drainage whereabouts should be changed as collective pipe system instead of the direct drainage wastewater into the surface water. The wastewater should be treated by WTP and be discharged to the surface water when the wastewater reaches the standard. Like this, the contaminations gross can be massively reduced and it is helpful to change the environment quality. From the table 3.4-2, getting the results as follows: (1) The construction scale of the solid waste disposal subcomponents is 53.36～270t/d and its capability is 400,000 m3～2,000,000m3. (2) The treatment resolutions about the leachate are diminishing the volume by back sprinkling and treatment by WTP etc. The project should basically accord with the rules in the Citied Sewage Treatment and Pollution Prevention and Cure Technique Policy (Urban Construction [2000]124). The related rule is: set up the leachate collective system and encouragingly discharge the reasonable treatment leachate to the cited sewage treatment system. If the project hasn’t these conditions, it should build solely treatment facilities. The leachate discharge to the water body after it reaches the standard. The leachate can be circumfluence to reduce treatment volume, play down the treatment burthen and expedite the stabilization of the sanitary landfill.

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Pay attention to the follows: The leachate should be reasonably treated then reaches the water quality standard of WTP, meanwhile, getting the WTP’s consent before it is transported to WTP. If the WTP’s investment and running period is behind this project, the leachate must be collective, deposited or reaches the standard by treatment. The EIA and the related resolutions of Water supply, draining and sewage treatment subcomponents and City Refuse Disposal components of the project see the chapter 5 and chapter 7.

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3.4.1.2 PROJECT CONSTRUCTION PLAN The construction plan of water supply,draining and sewage treatment subcomponents, City Refuse Disposal subcomponents and Integrated water environmental renovation of watercourse(lake) subcomponents of the project see table 3.4-3—3.4-5. other subcomponents see table 3.4-6.

Table 3.4-3 The construction plan of the subcomponents of water supply, draining and sewage treatment

Main Technique Prefectures Construction Discharge Treatment Parameters of Name of project Pipeline-layout Influent Quality of Wastewater Treatment and citis Methods Standards Technique Recommendation Technique

Xizhou town Sewage Collect ed from Zhou town and Excavated BOD5 COD SS NH3-N DAT-IAT Pollution load :F/ M = Dali sewer in Dali City Hudiequan to Xizhou joins that from The TP gBOD/ (kgMLSS·d) Slope （）（）（）（） Municipal technique Prefecture Ancient town to STP from treatment mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l STP 120 250 300 25 3.0 standard

lay the street sewage collection tributary pipe in Excavated the planning area and lay the sewer trunk in the Slope Municipal main road, like Cangshan ave, Cang’er ave, STP converge the sewage into the trunk (line214) standard from Dali to Xiaguan and the planned one in the 1A north bank of Baihexi, finally discharge into the Sewer in Tourism WWTP of Dayutian which locates the District of Dali downstream of Tiansheng bridge City The layout of storm sewer bases on the landform of planned area, follow the principle of “as near as possible and discharge according to the gravity”, discharge the ground rainwater into the handy two creeks and converge into Er’hai lake respectively

Sewer in ancient Keep the current sewer,reconstruct part street Municipal Dali City storm sewer, make it fulfill the needs of the Excavated STP street in ancient Dali city, new rainwater and standard sewage combined sewer will collect the street Slope 1A rainwater & sewage.

Sewage sewage trunk lay along the west bank of Boluo collection net in river, lay the sewage hypo-trunk and rainwater Municipal Fengyi district of pipe along the planned road from west to east. Excavated STP 9 Dali City The collected sewage will deliver to WWTP; Slope standard rainwater wil discharge into Boluo river by 1A rainwater pipe

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WWTP in The south part of Luoshi River mainly flows from NH3－ Pollution load： BOD5 COD SS TN TP Dengchuan Town northeast to southwest and the north mainly N Municipal 0.203kgBOD/kgMLSS/d and Yousuo Town flow alone the reverse direction, both finally into Grooving STP A/A/O Oxidation ： of Eryuan County Luoshi River, then into Erhai along the river. construction 150 280 240 35 15 3 standard channel technique Average surface load 0.531 m3/m2.h 1B

No.2 WWTP in (1)The layout of sewers in the central of Lijiang SS COD BOD5 TP 总氮氨氮 ICEAS reaction tank： Lijiang City city: ranges include the region of the north of Municipal Hydraulic retention time Huancheng Road; the contents of the project 150-250 300-350 150-200 4-6 25-40 20-35 Pipe and notch open STP 13.82hr are constructing new sewers, incoming and ICEAS technique excavation standard outcoming pipes of wastewater treatment 1B plants; (2)New cluster train station region and the sewers construction of it.

Urban sewer in Lay the storm sewer along the planned road Yulong County grade, and discharge into the nearby water Pipe and notch body. Dispose the storm sewer along the main excavation road of the town and rainwater hidden ditch of the branches and pedestrian mall Lijiang City WWTP in Design the main sewers along both sides of ICEAS reaction Dry sesean inlet water quality of phase I ICEAS technique Huaping County Liyu River, collect the wastewater from the tankHydraulic retention northern part to the southern part and then flow COD BOD5 SS TN NH3-N TP time：15.1hr into the wastewater treatment plant 200～ 100～ 175～ 25～ Rapid filter filtration rate： 15～25 4～6 300 170 250 40 Municipal 8m/h Pipe and notch STP

excavation standard rainy sesean inlet water quality of phase I 1B

COD BOD5 SS TN NH3-N TP

90～ 60～ 120～ 15～ 1.5～ 10～15 140 100 200 20 2.5

Urban sewer in Newly constructed a sewage trunk pipe to Pipe and notch Wenshan County transfer sewage from the planning and old excavation

north region, finally to STP

WWTP in Qiubei Layout sewage trunk pipes along west of BOD5 COD SS TN NH3-N TP County Qingshui River to transfer sewage from the 100～ 150～ 150～ 25-35 planning west and Jianshigangbai regions, 15~20 4~6 finally to STP. 160 250 250

Pipe and notch Municipal ICEAS technique System sludge load: 0.08 The constructed sewage trunk pipes will be laid excavation STP kgBOD5/kgMLSS.d from Dashagou to the small river of the east standard gateway, then along the small river of the east Rapid filter filtration 1B rate:3.90m3/m2.h

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Water Supply in Construct a DN700-DN800 fresh water conduit Perforation cyclone Qiubei County pipe from Hongqi Reservoir to lift pump station flocculation tanks, and build fresh service places in the villages Pipe and notch sloping-tube

and towns along the pipe. excavation sedimentatation tank, gravity valveless filter, clear water tank Wenshan

Prefecture

BOD5 COD SS TN TP WWTP and The sewage intercept trunk pipe constructed Municipal associated sewer along Putting river from the west to the east, the 150 300 220 30 2.0 Notching or STP Reaction tank： in Fu'ning County branches constructed along the riverbanks Circular SBR Pipe-jacking standard combining with reformation of ditches and 0.133 kgBOD/kgMLSS/d 1B pipes.

Sewer in Benefit the local terrain, lay the notching Yanshan County interceptor,sewer,rainwater pipe respectvely

WWTP in Draining system should give priority to the Grooving NH3－ Municipal sludge load: Guangnan sewer trunk in the north and south side of construction BOD5 COD SS TN TP N STP A/A/O Oxidation 0.203kgBOD5/kgMLSS.d County Lianhua town, lay from east to west, so the standard channel technique urban sewage from the central town will 150 280 240 35 15 3 Average surface 1B discharge into this trunk load:0.7m/m2.h

WWTP in Malipo Reformat the sewer in the main Rd. of According to the BOD5 COD SS NH3-N TP County Chouyang riverbanks, fundamentally keeping actual situation, use Oxygen tank sludge old sewer, to get to the confluent requirement. which 140 300 200 30 4 concentration: Municipal The intercept trunk pipes will be lain along the method—sawcut or STP A/A/O Oxidation 3500mg/l middle line of Chouyang rivers, and then pipe jacking standard channel technique gradually out of the water way along the technology Sedimentation tank surface 1B topography after being out the city. It is lain load：

along the river bank and roads and finally to the 0.46 m3/m2.h STP. Remark: GB18918-2002 《Discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant》

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Table 3.4-4 The construction plan of the urban Solid waste Disposal subcomponents

Kunming City SWTP of keep the current spot collection, set 1 SWTP in Songyang Recycle articl of urban Sanitary (HDPE) Short-term：collect－ Combustion dispersed collection in the mall town, the service covers SW:11% landfill horizontal adjust－sprinkle after discharge Songming area at the same time and Songyang town, Yanglin compost:35% anti-seepage liner the gas transport to landfill with truck town and Yangqiao landfill:54% Long-term：pipe to County village, the SW of Xiaojie capacity of SW:0.55～0.6t/m3 WWTP town transport to the landfill directly but not through transfer station as it is close to the landfill.

SWTP of Manual collection of the bag Set 1 SWTP in the Abio accounts for majority and Sanitary Manual horizontal Short-term：collect－ Combustion Xundian County garbgage→classified colleciton township, and another 1 thereinto, most are landfill anti-seepage with adjust－sprinkle after discharge with the new 200L plastic in the future, 1 in Jinsuo inorganics(cider,sand), only HDPE liner the gas garbage bin with top→timing village, 3 in total a few organic material from Long-term：pipe to tricycle collection→waste kitchen residua, few WWTP transfer station→waste container metal,cullet,plastic and or waste compressor→landfill paper to recycle

SWTP of Luquan focus on spot collection, Set 1 waste transfer The recycling material of urban Sanitary (HDPE) horizontal Short-term：collect－ Combustion County dispersed collection in the mall station in countytown, the waste accounts for 11%, landfill anti-seepage liner adjust－sprinkle after discharge area at the same time and service will cover Luqian compost:37%，landfill:52%. the gas ： transport to landfill with truck County which includes the Waste capacity:0.5～0.55t/m3 Long-term pipe to waste WWTP storage,compression and transfer of Chongde industrial yard

Dali Prefecture Municipal solid focus on spot collection, set 1 waste transfer 1.Complex components；2、 Sanitary Manual horizontal Dry season：sprinkle to Combustion dispersed collection in the mall station for lont-term organic material increase landfill anti-seepage with the dump after discharge area at the same time and plan( tenth year) compare to the decrease of HDPE liner the gas waste collection Rainy season：pipe to transport to landfill with truck inorganics, more and more and disposal recycling materials WWTP project in Eryuan

County

Lijiang City SWTP of Lijiang focus on spot collection, Set 9 waste trandsfer Inorganics:45%～55%， Sanitary Manual horizontal Dry season：sprinkle to Combustion dispersed collection in the mall stations:1 in every 3km， organic article:30%～ landfill anti-seepage with the dump after discharge area at the same time and 2 in Xianghe district, 2 in HDPE liner the gas City 45%,recycle waste:15%～ Rainy season：pack with transport to landfill with truck Xiangshan district, 1 in 25%,average moisture

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SW Infiltration Biogas Cities and Name of Garbage collection& SW transfer Garbage Leachate disposal disposal control disposal transportation station components analysis method Prefectures Project method method method train station district, 2 in content:40%～50%, average sealed bag and transfer to Xian’ district and 1 in density:400～550kg/m3, urban waste water Fuhui district average low-caloric value of pipeline network 4000kJ/kg～4500kJ/kg

Wenshan SWTP in Malipo garbage collection associate the construct 2 small organic article:26%, ash:30%, Sanitary Manual horizontal Dry season：sprinkle to Combustion methods of manpower & garbage transfer station brick:5%, metal:1%, cullet:7%, landfill anti-seepage with the dump after discharge Prefecture County machine, the collected garbage in the midsouth of rigid plastic:5%, film:7%, HDPE liner the gas transport to the transfer station Caiyuan road and crabstick:5%, others:14% Rainy season：pipe to by tricycle and finally transport to Chengbei district of north WWTP landfill by truck town

SWTP in Fu'ning Use the non-cull compressing Set the garbage transer Mostly inorganics，moisture Sanitary Manual horizontal Dry season：sprinkle to County transfer station as the station at the free market content:55% landfill anti-seepage with the dump medium-small transfer system, on the fringe of the urban HDPE liner and transport to the landfill. area Rainy season：pipe to WWTP

SWTP in Manual collection of the bag Set 2 waste collectionand More inorganics than organic Sanitary Manual horizontal Dry season：sprinkle to Combustion garbgage→compression waste transfer station in one, morerecycling materials landfill anti-seepage with the dump after discharge Maguan County collection hut→ collection with Maguan downtown for is more than the non-recycling HDPE liner the gas (3ton) back feeding compression short-term plan, set ones, non-combustibles is Rainy season：pipe to waste truck (or small another one for morethan the combustible WWTP collector)→transfer with big long-term plan. Set 1 in ones, abiotic degradation waste container or waste 3 Counties:Duolong, matrials is more than the compressor→landfill Renhe and Jiahanqing biodefradation ones respectively. 5 waste transfer station in total

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表 3.4-5 The construction plan of the Integrated renovation of river basin environment subcomponents

Aquatic The farmland, hot spring and The work of waste water treatment of Take the wetland rehabilitation technique of Aquatic environmental residential area on both sides of Xiashankou section: consummate the ecological purifying for the polluted Donghu environment comprehensive the upstream of Yong’an river drainage system of Xiashankou lake management treatment project watercourse (with the distance of section; Plan to take the technique of scheme of the Non point pollutin control along the river: in Yong’an River 5.0KM). the service area of soil purification trough, entire Yong’an collection and disposal of rural waste; Donghu lake wetland:westen bio-purifying,artificial wetland for the rive;build the

side of old Yong’an river, both waste water treatment Watercourse dredging and the sludge reuse, integrated Dali Prefecture western and eastern sides of embankment construction: dredging, environment － new Yong’an river,between the renovating and embankment construction protection Dengbei road of Yousuo County system,improver from the south to the the Meihe the resident’ road of the north environment protection and legal consciousness of the drainage area

Involve Yousuo & Dengchuan Pollution source control alonghte river The work of ecological rehabilitation and The work of Aquatic town of Eryuan County and sides: river inflow of creek and ditch water quality purifying of Xihu lake of Eryuan aquatic Shangguan town of Dali city pollutant control; water and soil County:ecological protection and control of environment environmental erosion control Xihu lake; pollutant control of inflow rivers management: the and ditches; water exchage of Xihu lake; protection ability comprehensive － contruction of The work of integrated renovationof Luoshi rive; treatment project watercourse and ecological monitoring rehabilitation:rehabiliting the bank of Luoshi scheme;river in Miju River river; ecological rehabilitation; water quality management protection

Involve the whole drainage area Non point pollution control of Muju The work of river ecological rehabilitation and The work of flood The operation, of Miju river which is 1026.43km2 river: build the waste collection system protection: carry out the work of eco-bank diversion is management and on town, village and commune level. construction; flood prevention; reconstruction composed of the entironment Watercourse dredging:9.54km The work of water pollution control of of irrigation; environment protection flood diversion in monitoring of Cibi Xiaoshui river: implement the systems Zhongqiaosuo, lake The work of water source protectionof Cibi engineering of the sewage and waste Xiazha river, lake: carry out the work of the water collection. Qingsuo river(list in pollution control of the inflooding reach of Aquatic The work of artificial wetland the Aquatic Mici rive; the prepositive pool of the west treatment of waste water in the north environmental environmental side of Cibi lake; rehabilitation of bottome part of the town. comprehensive plant of the outer Cibi lake; the The work of upstream water pollution treatment project in comprehensive reconstruction of prepositive reservoir of the control. Yong’an River), non point pollution control of Fengyu river ; treatment project Yugou ditch.

in Luoshi River

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Cities and Name of Measures to fulfill the Other construction measure Measures to reduce runoff Measures to rehabilitate the Prefectures Project needs of city technical and scope pollutant to river(lake) water body function flood measures prevention The work of artificial wetland the pollution treatment of Cibi lake from the Enlarge, dredging, management and monitoring of the tourism; water source protection of Haixi adjust the height of polluted water in the north part of Lake: water intaking to the reservoir through overfall weir, Eryuan County culvert; eco-reconstuction of abandonded reinforce and space of the mine(limekiln); the part of heighten the bank falling bank of the reservoir and ecological rehabilitation of the bottomland

Aquatic drainage area surfaceof Boluo Construct 39 trash tanks, collocate The work of environmental treatmentof small Environment environmental river:291.3km2 1garbage sweep & transport truck in drainage area: take the ladder prevention protection: the comprehensive each village committee, construct 6 technique eliminate the aquatic erosion, the project treatment project waste water treatment work of defend system which fulfill the management in Boluo River establishments in the main villages needs of aquatic erosion, sands scheme of : along he Boluo river, with the scale of interception, vegetation restoration -entironmental 2800m3/d, constructing 1500 according to the scour intensity of once 10 － treatment of small methane pools, combine the year storm; drainage area industrialization works with rural The ecological improvement of river couses household compost tank. planned to -ecological prefabricated porous concrete balls will be build 5 industrilized plants and 520 watercourse used as basic materials for a 6km long slope compost tanks within the drainage construction protection (laying signal layer) area

Aquatic The small drainage area of the The work of ecological rehabilitation ecological rehabilitation of the Environment environmental headstream of Cangshan of the headstream:rehabilitation of watercourse:reconstruction of river management: comprehensive eighteen Creek and its abandoned mine area, integrated bank,landform,ecological construction imporved EM treatment project ecological watercourse management of river basin,reclaiming supervision in Cangshan of the wasteland orgainiations, eightenn Creek enlarged － environmental awareness education and publicity, ehanced the ability of environmental monitoring

The integrated watercourse Consummate the urban sewage Dredge up the bottom sludge of the urban Watercourse Wenshan renovation and dredging of Huitu interceptor system along Panlong section of Panlong river, upstream section: renovation: satisfy prefecture & Niutou Village of Wenshan river, increase the sewage collection rehabilitate the waterfront ecological system, the needs of once a Integrated county town rate, assure the urban sewage of dry build the self-restraint ecological 50 years’ flood season doesn’t discharege into protection area. Old town section: optimize prevention environmental Panlong river the landscaping of green waterfront. Down regulation of

renovation along

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Cities and Name of Measures to fulfill the Other construction measure Measures to reduce runoff Measures to rehabilitate the Prefectures Project needs of city technical and scope pollutant to river(lake) water body function flood measures prevention the section of stream section: build the artificial wetland Panlong river, take sight, and the ecological water quality the engineering Panlong River purifying demonstration section measures such as deep digging, within Wenshan (combine with dredging) enlarge County Town the watercourse, embankment and area bank protection, landscaping, etc to the reach which is not standardized

Integrated Center the Funing County town, Dredging of he watercourse, Closing off the mature plantation who are The horizontal, cross Make a reasonable environmental start from the the barrage of riverbank renovation and visible from downtown, reimplantaion of the section, vertical construction improvement in Putting river power plant, east to reconstructing the river mouth of river other plantation, planting the timber, design of planning of check Putting River Weishe village, south to Liye Moshao,LImen,Nayi and Yulin which economic wood, fruitwood of all the watercourse, and the dam, embankment basin in Fu'ning mountain, north to Posang are along the 323 national highway uncultivated land and “grain for green” slope, design of retaining and retaining wall County village, with the surface of 84 and also the 4 brige culvert,etc measure of slope to ladder; measure of wall and assistant km2 forestation buildings & structures Watercourse dredging: 5.58km

Xingou farmland of Puzhehei lak, The work of wetland construction of Set the pollutant block bar, clearing up the Integrated include Xingou farmland base, Xingou farmland: wetland system is riverbed, lay the scree of watercourse and distributing area of residents the principal technique of waste water the greening of both sides, restoration and improvement and tourists, and the scope of treatment in rural area, use the reconstruction of “golden tour line” lakefront tourist activity zone of wetland technique of the combination of grit of Puzhehei lake: restore the water plant ofwater rehabilitation area; chamber+stabilization pond, or use of Tangfang reach of Qianjin gate stabilization pond as the environment in 8 key villages; 4 inflow rivers of pre-treatment technique, rural solid Puzhehei lake; “golden tour line” waste diposal: use the compost Lake Puzhehei of lakefront of Puzhehei lake technique for solid waste, waste Qiubei County water treatment of the rural area which is near the watercourse, the watercourse treatment of 4 inflow rivers to Puzhehei lake

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表 3.4-6 The construction plan of the other subcomponents

Name of Project Construction contents of the subcomponents Construction period

Monitoring and management support system Include 3 inflow rivers automatic monitoring stations, 14 flux monitoring stations, 2 floating monitoring stations, 2 2 tages for Phase I:(year 2007)prophasepre for total water pollutants control in Lake floating sampling cars, 1 set of water quality experiment facilities，8 urban WWTP online monitoring stations and preparation and experimental Dianchi Basin the river monitoring system of water environment model and the monitoring and supervision center, monitoring construction(2008.Jan～2009.Dec) and management information system Phase II (2009. 1～2011.11 月)

Integrated environmental renovation of Lion The Lion Moutain area renovation scale is about 35.10 ha, which refer to the demolishment of the inconsistent Construction period is 1 year，viz the end of Mountain in ancient Lijiang City buildings and the consummation of the urban infrastucture Feb of 2008 to the end of Feb of 2009

Capacity building in environmental Build 1 monitoring and supervision station of Class B, and 4 of Class C. 1st Jul 2007 to 30th Jun 2008. The training of a monitoring and supervision system of small quantity of people could extend to 31st Wenshan Prefecture Build 1 environmental monitoring and supervision detachment of Class B and 8 body of Class C Dec 2008 Rurual runoff pollution control in Lake Erhai The rural runoff pollution control of the 100 villages in the Counties and villages of Dali City and Eryuan County, Basin which include: (1) waste water collection system; base on the current ditch, construct and reconstruct the hard open ditch or covered ditch (2) domestic waste water treatment system: bases on the different situation of each village, takethe technique of soil purifying tank, artificial wetland, integration purifying tank, eco-gravel and eco-ditch

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Table 3.4-3 indicates that pipelines of water supply and municipal sewage treatment projects mainly combine with the condition of local landform and present pipeline facilities and distribute in accordance with the principle that is convenient for collecting and transporting sewage, trying to avoid environmental protective goals (sensitive points), reducing invest and good management. Pipeline pavement construction takes methods of excavating slopes, tube excavation, pipe-jacking and etc. respectively according to local conditions. The water quality of intake water of WWTP resembles current municipal sewage; final drainage carries out different level standard according to whereabouts of drainage and functions of receiving water bodies; the main treatment technique is “anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic” secondary biochemical technique. Three WWTPs : No.2 WWTP in Lijiang City, WWTP in Malipo County and Funing County plan to receive garbage leachate, which should be considered in STP design. Table 3.4-4 indicates that garbage collection, cleaning and transportation measures of the project take the way of combining manpower with mechanism to progress, collected garbage will be transported to transfer stations by manpower vehicles and then to garbage landfills by garbage vehicles; main ingredients of garbage contain ash, kitchen residues, waste plastic, glass, metals and etc. among which, inorganics is about 45%～55%, organics is about 25%～30%, the average lower calorific value is about 4000～4500kJ/kg; garbage treatments all use sanitation landfill technique and artificial parallel infiltration-prevention; the leachate uses back sprinkling reduction, transporting to STP to be treated and etc. respectively; landfill gas will be treated by burning after emission introduction. Table 3.4-4 indicates that subcomponents of waterways (lakes) water environmental comprehensive treatment mainly progress encircle reducing pollution loads of integrated rivers (lakes), restoring functions of waterways (lakes) water bodies, satisfying and increasing requirements of waterways flood-prevention, strengthening managements of waterways (lakes ) and etc. to protect and improve water quality of waterways (lakes) and increase flood-prevention ability.

3.4.2 Subcomponents’ construction locations The project distributes in four prefectures and cities: Kunming, Lijiang, Dali, Wenshan and etc. Among which, subcomponents of water supply, municipal sewage treatment and solid waste treatment refer location selections. “Construction projects environmental protection design code”, GB50014-2006 “Code for design of outdoor water supply & sewerage engineering”, GB16889 -1997 “Standards for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste” and CJJ17-2004 “Technical mode for municipal waste sanitation landfill” have corresponding rules of location selections of subcomponents of water supply, municipal sewage treatment and solid waste treatment respectively.

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Location selection plans after local survey and repeated comparable analysis of technical economy, environmental conditions see table 3.4-7 and table 3.4-8. Proper analyses of location selection see Chapter 8 in detail (comparable analysis of replacing plans)

Table 3.4-7 Water Supply and Municipal Sewage Treatment Subcomponent Location Selection Plans

Co-Adaptability with Agreement between the project and Prefectures Name of compatible pipeline Proposed location and Land Occupying and relevant plans and Cities Subcomponents net environmental condition Expropriation Condition

Xizhou town Satisfying “Adjustment in Xizhou Town Temporal land occupying 57Mu, planning outline of the for three months, which will be sewer in Dali City － general plan of the restored after completing center city in Dali pipeline construction Dianxi” (2005～2020) Sewer in Tourism in Tourism Resort Temporal land occupying along District of Dali City highway during pipeline － construction is about 51Mu and the occupying time is constructional period.

大理市古城片区排污 in Dali ancient city Temporal land occupying of 管网工程 drainage pipeline construction is 102Mu, which will be restored Sewer in ancient － after completing pipeline Dali City construction Dali prefecture Sewage collection in Fengyi Town Temporal land occupying is net in Fengyi about 120Mu, for ten months during trunk cut-off pipeline district of Dali City － construction, which will be restored after completing construction.

WWTP in Satisfying “Municipal Located in the lowest Located in the north bank of constructional planning point of the whole down stream of Luoshi River in Dengchuan Town Planning land occupying 7.83Mu, of Dengcuan town in service region the planning region of Dengcuan of Eryuan County all newly expropriated Eryuan county（2004～ (including built-up Town, the dominant wind 2020）” and ”The 11th region and planning direction of the city is side wind, planning of Eryuan region), can be located in farmland with large environmental discharged through topography. protection” gravity.

No.2 WWTP in “General construction The sewage can enter Located in 7km south of the planning revision of the STP along the ancient city, east of upper stream Lijiang City Total expropriation 87.76Mu, Lijiang” (2004～2020) topography but the of Yanggong River, Jinshi village among which, short-term main pipeline is longer. of Gaoshan Town, dominant 31.4Mu, long-term obligated wind direction of the ciry in down 56.36Mu. wind, and the resident points are 500m away from the plant location.

Urban sewer in Satisfying “General in Yulong County planning of nationality Lijiang City Yulong County －－ Naxi autonomy county of Yullong in Lijiang “

WWTP in Huaping Satisfying “ General The sewage can be Located in Rongjiang Town of Expropriated land 26.82Mu, County construction planning collected and enter the the south end of the town, the temporal borrowing land STP along the topography is wide and flat, 132.17Mu and the borrowing revision of Huaping topography. The which is farmland present. 200m time is constructional period, county” pipeline will be buried of the north part is Xinzhuang which will be restored after shallow but the main River and there are 62 residents completing construction. cut-off pipeline is in 200m of the west part. longer.

Urban sewer in Satisfying “General Borrowing land 270Mu and the construction planning borrowing time is constructional Wenshan County In Wenshan Town revision of Wenshan period, which will be restored City”, ”Water supply after completing construction. and drainage Wenshan engineering － prefecture professional of Wenshan city” and “Flood-prevention planning of Wenshan City”

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WWTP in Qiubei Satisfying “General The sewage can be Located near Sancha River of Expropriated land 22.5Mu, 2 County construction revision of transported into the down stream of Qingshui River, 21264m borrowing land needed Qiubei Couty” (2005～ STP by self-levelling. the perennial dominant wind by pipeline construction, and the 2025) direction is down wind, the borrowing time is constructional distance to villages in period, which will be restored neighborhood is 750m and there after completing construction. is no living water intake within 1000m near outfalls.

Water Supply in Realize water supply Located in the Qiaotou village Expropriated land 18.045Mu, gravity-flow. back peak of the south end of the borrowing land 38.848Mu, and Qiubei County Satisfying “General town, the height is1500m, much the borrowing time is construction revision of flatter, the area is 18Mu, located constructional period. ～ Qiubei Couty” (2005 at the center of water distribution

2025) and network near the tourism “constructional receiption areas of Puzhehei. planning details of surrounding tourism receiption area of Puzhehei” (2006)

WWTP and Satisfying “General The sewage can be Located in Xinhua town, Expropriated land 1.30ha for associated sewer municipal construction transported into the mild-slope uncultivated lands STP, temporal expropriation for planning revision of STP by self-levelling. near the river, the distance to the sewage cut-off pipeline in Fu'ning County Funing County” planning region of the town is constructions, most are present (2003～2020) 600m without expropriated land status, which will be restored of developing land. after paving the pipeline.

Sewer in Yanshan Satisfying “General The sewage can be In the planning region of No new expropriation. municipal construction transported into the Yanshan Town County Occupying road for pipeline planning revision of STP by self-levelling. construction is 270,000 m2, Yanshan County of which will be restored after Wenshan Prefecture” completing construction. (2002～2020)

WWTP in Satisfying “General The sewage can be Located in Xijiao of Liancheng, Expropriated land 15.9Mu and Guangnan County construction planning transported into the near Minzhong Jidi of the road there is borrowing land during revision of Guangnan STP by gravity-flow. from Guangnan to Zhujie, the constructional period. It will be County”, “Drainage perennial dominant wind restored after completing the planning of Guangnan direction is down wind and the construction. County” and ”The 11th distance from down stream of planning of Guangnan the river to planning resident and environmental industrial region is over 1200m. protection”

WWTP in Malipo Satisfying “General The sewage can be Located in the unused land of Expropriated land 1.09ha, and County construction planning transported into the downstream of the east bank of there is borrowing land during of Malipo County”(1995 STP by self-levelling. Chouyang River, which is about constructional period. It will be revised) 4.0km from the town, with wide restored after completing the topography. construction.

Table 3.4-8 The Location Selection of the Subcomponents of Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Type

Garbage The location selections of The location selections of garbage Prefectures Name of Agreement between the transferred garbage landfills and their landfills and engineering geology and cities subcomponents project and relevant plans distance environmental conditions conditions SWTP of 6km Huolianqing Site: located in 6km The physical exploration results of the northeast of Songming approved that there are no faults Songming Satisfying “General Conty, the dominant wind across the site of the project and the Kumming County construction planning revision direction is down wind. There are geological structure is simple. The City ～ of Songming County” (2006 no residents within 1.5km surface clay is thick and the bottom 2025) surroundings and which is barren bedrock is basalt. mountain at present.

SWTP of Satisfying “General 7.5km Qingshui channel site: located in Permeability coefficients of the XundianCounty construction planning revision 7.5km northern part of Xundian reservoir are bigger, which could not of nationality Hui and Yi County and there is no residents reach the natural autonomy county of Xundian within 1km around the site. permeability-prevention requirements “(2005～2025) and the artificial permeability-prevention is needed. The geology conditions of the rest are good.

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Garbage The location selections of The location selections of garbage Prefectures Name of Agreement between the transferred garbage landfills and their landfills and engineering geology and cities subcomponents project and relevant plans distance environmental conditions conditions SWTP of Satisfying “General 7km Upper limestone kiln site: located The total stability of bedrock slope in Luquan County construction planning revision in 7km northeast part of the the site is good, no bad geology of Luquan County” (2006～ county, 0.5km away from the phenomenon. 2025) highway, down wind, flat topography, big abdomen and small mouth, flat side slope, which is adequate for the construction of landfills.600m away from upper limestone kiln site of the nearest resident points, obstructed by ridges.

大 Municipal solid Satisfying “General 12km Shanglongmen Site: located in Located on a joint area of several waste collection construction planning revision 12km southwest part of the town, structural system, mainly controlled by 理 and disposal of Eryuan County” dominate wind direction is up Qing, Tibetan, Chuan Dian “歹 wind but there is mountain 州 “ structure system and subordinately project in obstructed in the middle, which is Eryuan County influenced by latitude and longitude Dali barren slope at present. with the eighth seismic fortification prefecture intensity.

SWTP of Lijiang Satisfying “General 18km Wenhua village of Jinshan Surface geological layer belongs to City construction planning revision county site: located in 18km plant growth layers consistent of plant of Lijiang City” (2004～2020) away from downtown area, there roots, cohesive soil, ureteral stone and are no villages and farmhouses etc. The layer mainly evolves from within 500m around the site. The weathering basalt. Basalt appears in garbage transfer lines do not the western part and Triassic system intercross with villages. Yongbao in the eastern part, with surface cement plant is located in about weathering, fracture developing and 500m of the northwest part and strong permeable capacity. The there are some farmhouses in disposal area is located on a relative about 500m of the southeast simple structure with Lijiang-Jinmian part. fault belt, passing through northwest. It also located on a relatively stable monoclinial broken part.

SWTP in Malipo Satisfying “General 4km Shima village site: located in the According to the geological County construction planning revision south part of Malipo County, 4km prospecting report, the carbonate of Malipo City” (2005～2015) away from the county, and there rocks of the region where the site Wenshan are no resident points and other Prefecture environmental protective goals located distributes widely, (sensitive points). therefore erosion and corrosion become the main motivity of physiognomy formation in the region. It is graded as the sixth seismic fortification intensity. Its crustal structure is comparable stable.

SWTP in Satisfying “General 5km Former cement plant site: located Belonging to limestone rock, gentle Fu'ning County construction planning revision in 5km north of the county, mountain topography, simple of Funing City” (2003～2020) dominant wind direction is down geological condition, no water-eroded wind, and there are no villages caves. within 1km in the surroundings. There is one watershed between the site to the county and the underground water are not in the same small watershed.

SWTP in Satisfying “The 11th planning of 3.5km Mabai town Fangshan site: The local geological surveying & Maguan County environmental protection and located in 3.5km northeast of the mapping and investigated results long-term destination planning county, dominant wind direction indicate that the bedrock of the site to 2020” is down wind. There are no belongs to stable bedrock. Seeing no residents within 1.5km around big water-eroded caves and apertures the site. in the site. The present conditions of the gully, natural slopes and the site are stable without bad geological action. The physical mechanics property of the lithosphere is better with stable foundation.

3.4.3 Objectives of Subcomponents The objectives of each of the subcomponet is shown in table 1.4-9

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Table 3.4-9 The Subcomponent’s construction aim

Subcomponent’s Number. Name of Subcomponents The subproject’s construction aim Location

1)Establish the monitoring system of volume and water quality inflow of dianchi Lake, based in water quality automatic monitoring stations, water quality moveable monitoring station, moveable monitoring cars,river flowing monitoring stationand and water quality analysis laboratory,combined with the monitoring system of river pullotion quality which is imitated by water pollution mathematic models,realize the stabilize monitoring to the river pollution quality flowing into the dianchi lake. Dianchi Lake Watershed water pollution 1 gross monitoring and management 2)Establish the enterprise pollution on-line monitor-controlling system around support system construction the dianchi lake ,realize to monitor the pollution gross control and dynamic management . 3) Establish the River Pollution Gross monitoring and management System of dianchi lake,realize the monitoring and supervision, simulation,appraise and estimate,prediction and supervise management, Providing science decision for valid control the river valley water pollution gross.

1) the rate of garbage collection raises to 95%;

2) Construct a garbage landfill of 90t/d which is used to deal with Li

2 SWTP of Luquan County ving garbage produced in the 14 years . Kunming (4) 3)Improve the Hygiene level and investment environment of county

city, raise the residents' healthy level

1) the rate of garbage collection raises to 95%;

2) Construct a garbage landfill of 85t/d which is used to deal with Li 3 SWTP of Songming County ving garbage produced in the 12 years .

3)Improve the Hygiene level and investment environment of county city, raise the residents' healthy level

1) the life garbage of the city can attain to a day produce and the day clear, and the processing rate should reach 95% above , garbage produced each day will be landfilled by the treating unit no longer produce the second pollution to the atmosphere, earth's surface, the 4 SWTP of XundianCounty groundwater . People's health condition, healthy level and Sustainable Development can reach a new step.

1) the rate of garbage collection raises to 95%; Dali prefecture (5) SWTP in Eryuan County 5 2) Construct a garbage landfill of 60t/d

3)Improve the Hygiene level and investment environment of county city, raise the residents' healthy level

1) Construct a wastewater treatment plant which scale is 1600m3/d and complete set of pipenet 2) The rate of dirty water collection from 0 raise to 100%; 3) Output of dirty water should reach A Standard of the

GB18918-2002<>

4) annual reduction of pollutant by BOD5 380t，COD642t，SS642t，TN44t， TP7t

Cut down annually BOD5 380t，COD642t，SS642t，TN44t，TP7t

1) Decrease effectively Waste-load poured into the Erhai 2)Resolve the water pollution problem of Er Lake valley, and promise the water Rurual runoff pollution control in produced by villager and animal get a valid processing. 7 Lake Erhai Basin 3) Output of dirty water should reach A Standard of the GB18918-2002<>

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Subcomponent’s Number. Name of Subcomponents The subproject’s construction aim Location

1) short-term (in 2006): the yong’an river water control in the main ,it should reach the III standard GB3838-2002 <> when it’s high water level . while low water level(from Nov. to Feb. ),it shouldn’t run over IV water quality standards ;recover the water body Aquatic function, and made yong’an river water flowed into Er hai reach the III water environmental quality standards basic except TP. comprehensive treatment project in 2) mid-term phase(in 2008.): the yong’an river water control in the main. The Yongan River other target can reach III water quality standards except that TP cann’t pass over IV water quality standards when it’s low water . 3) In the long term (in 2010): Yong’an river can be controlled completely, and Can reach water quality standards.

Aquatic Resolve the water environment question basic in order to make nijiu river’s environmental flood controlling from now three or five years when have a flood to ten years a comprehensive flood recently. Make sure that the water quality flowing into the erhai lake treatment project in can reach Ⅲ standards , improve the function of the river body 's ecology Midu River service and meet river water quality plan target

Integrated Make river ecosystem cycles to the benign transition , recover the self-cleaning water ability , water quality reaching the III water standards flowing into erhai , Aquatic improve the ability of flood protection draining waterlogged farmland . environmental environmental Basically, embankment resolving Luo Shi Jiang collapses , runway leakage renovation of comprehensive deposits, loss of soil and other the water conservancy problem .Meanwhile , 8 improve the littoral field irrigation ability, in order to have an effect to reduce a major river treatment project in row entering the West Lake's contaminating load ,which lie down the ecology courses into Luoshi River functional of the West Lake. After the project puts into practice , water quality Lake Erhai of the West Lake can reach from V kind to III kind, water quality target satisfying the Luo Shi Jiang environmental planning basically

1) As the village contaminates perfect project of the control engineering complement , can resolve the problem in middle upper reach loss of soil and, reduce pollution in entering river then,phosphorus pollution quantity; especially organic pollutants and nitrogen qualitity . Aquatic 2) Realize the aim at “ there is live water in the beginning while it can reach the environmental standards when it flows into the lake” by ecology engineering construction and comprehensive management measures , and recover the function of water body in order to treatment project in meet the ecology service . Boluo River 3) R esolve the parting pollution of Luo Jiang ,recover and improve water function step by step, and made Luo Jiang water quality from V kind at present i till III, forward III satisfied

Aquatic environmental Form river basin integrated control system with bioengineering and project comprehensive measure, putting into effect by the various measure planning, make area inner treatment project in loss of soil and water land be controlled, soil erosion can get an effect to cut Canshan Eighteen down and loss of soil and water under the control of, measuring 80% Creek

May hold back the pollution entering Erhai Lake directly row every year : Sewer in ancient BOD5367.92t，COD766.50t，SS4919.80t，TN107.31t，TP9.20t Dali City

Sewage collection May hold back the pollution entering Erhai Lake directly row every year :

net in Fengyi district BOD5315.36t，COD657.00t，SS4788.40t，TN91.98t，TP7.88t of Dali City

Urban sewer 9 in Dali City Sewer in Tourism May hold back the pollution entering Erhai Lake directly row every year :

District of Dali City BOD5261.05t，COD543.85t，SS4652.62t，TN76.141t，TP6.53t

1) Build and perfect the the system of pipe net, collects foul water as far as possible . Does not allow foul water to enter a runway directly row , changes 大理市喜洲镇排水工程 the state of pipeline unperfected .and make sewage collection rate of xizhou country to 90% Xizhou town sewer 2) The foul water collecting enters the sewage treatment station that the in Dali City government builds , the sewage treatment discharges up to the standard , decrease the row enters in 2010 the Erhai Lake pollution amounts to be:

BOD576.04t，COD144.48t，SS212.92t，TN7.61t，TP1.9t

Lijiang (5) 10 WWTP in Huaping County 1) Construct a wastewater treatment plant which scale is 1200m3/d and complete set of pipenet

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Subcomponent’s Number. Name of Subcomponents The subproject’s construction aim Location

2) Net coverage rates tend towards 95%,the rate of sewage collection and

dealing can reach 80% above, In order to make the surface quality reach IV

standards.

3) The dyadic closure confluence old urban area drain-pipe is covered as with a net makes the system draining away water switching over to be that diffluence makes , improves rainy season step by step foul water thickness, cuts down rainy season entering sewage treatment factory rainwater amounts , improves sewage treatment factory treatment efficiency

1) Increase the collection and treatment rate of garbage; 11 SWTP of Lijiang City 2) Construct one garbage landfill of 12000m3/d treatment scale

1) Construct one STP of 50000m3/d treatment scale and relevant pipeline nets; 2) Perfect the drainage pipeline net system of Lijiang city to make the coverage rate of sewage pipeline nets near 90% and the rate of sewage collection and 12 No.2 WWTP in Lijiang City treatment over 85%; 3) Reduce the pollution loads of receiving water bodies, improve water environmental quality and protect the quality of down stream of Yanggong River.

Adopt system to shunt making a sewerage, setting up independent rainwater 13 Urban sewer in Yulong County system , improving the ability of preventing waterlogging at Yulong county.

Integrated environmental renovation of Lion Mountain in ancient Lijiang City Dismantle the uncoordinated buildings, restore ecological vegetation, make 14 Lion Mountain and the ancient city more coordinate, and improve ancient city

and surrounded environment.

Prefecture environment monitoring station construction standard according to national environmental monitoring two stage station, deploy emergency mobile monitor, heavy section analyses the testing instrument and equipment; The construction standard according to three-level station of national environmental monitoring fills up and makes even help monitoring instrument and office equipment etc. along allocation routine in Guangping county, Fuling Capacity building in environmental 文山州 county and Yanshan county . The environment supervises 15 monitoring and supervision system 个 detachment and environment monitoring station in Yan Shan (14 ) of Wenshan Prefecture County , Ma Li Po County , Qiu Bei County , Fu Ning County , Xi Chou County , Ma Guan County and 8 Guang Nan county county supervise a group supervising organization respectively according to national environment standardizing construction second stage and third stage of standards , up to the standard required emergencies of allocation supervise a prefecture enforcing the law being equipped with , the scene monitors sum office equipment..

1) The river basin carries out loss of soil and water on Pan Long upper reaches governing, to improve forest coverage rates , to improve an ecological environment. The project area soil and water conservation plans all put the queen into practice , will make 122.9775 km2 loss of soil and water area be governed, the year corrodes a modulus without exception falling to 300 t/km2.a from 1274 t/km2.a of now , the year corrodes all quantity falling to Integrated environmental 123,200 t from 707,500 t. Will control flood, natural calamities such renovation along the section of 16 as inundate, dry effectively, will cut down disaster loss , will improve Panlong River within Wenshan population environment capacities , will help mountain area people County Town area to throw off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity. 2) The land being carried out river bank on Long Cheng Qu River Duan runway protecting a project , being avoided river bank by corroding , protecting two sides of runway, ensures the WenShan county planning newly developed area city construction's proceeding as planned and without a hitch , is that economic growth establish a basis

17 Urban sewer in Wenshan County 1) Perfect municipal drainage pipeline nets system to make the coverage rate of drainage pipeline of rainwater and sewage to reach 100% nearly; 2)Improve the water environmental quality of Panlong River to reach the third lever of surface water standard; Yunnan Urban Environment Project Office - 87 - Kunming University of Science & Technology YUEP - Consolidated EA Report

Subcomponent’s Number. Name of Subcomponents The subproject’s construction aim Location 3)Reconstruct the drainage pipeline nets of ancient town gradually, reduce the volume of rainwater into STP in the rainy season and increase the sewage treatment rate

1)Construct one STP of 12000m3/d treatment scale and relevant pipeline nets; 2)Satisfy the requirements of short-term sewage collection and treatment, the treatment rate of sewage will achieve over 85%; 18 WWTP in Qiubei County 3)The outlet water quality of STP will achieve national standard 1B, reduce the pollution of clean water bodies, improve the water quality of upper stream of Zhujiang River

1) Solve water sources and quality of supplied water; 2) Construct water-intake pipeline satisfying short-term volume of supplied 19 Water Supply in Qiubei County water 3) Water supply capacity of 2010 can reach 15,000 m3/d

1) Protect and improve the water quality of Puzhehei, guarantee the safety of drinking water for the residents and travelers in the surroundings; 2) Protect and improve ecological environment and tourism landscape of Puzhehei, improve human settlements for the local residents and promote the sustainable development of the tourism in Puzhehei; Integrated improvement ofwater environment in Lake Puzhehei of 3) Protect and restore the ecological system function of Puzhehei, increase 20 environmental carrying capacity of the ecological system in Puzhehei. Qiubei County 4) Point source: reduce 40%～50% of ingoing COD loads, 30%～40% of

ingoing N,P loads, in the context of sustainable increasing of future loads production, and reduce the total flow to 80% of present condition. 5) Non-point source: reduce about 30%～35% of integrated pollution loads, in the context of sustainable increasing of future loads production, and reduce the total flow to 80% of present condition.

1）.Municipal solid waste can be reasonable and effective handled. The non-hazardous treatment efficiency of solid waste more than 90％ ,Solid waste 21 SWTP in Malipo County contained, the collection rate up to 100％. 2) Construct a waste landfill ,which has 53.36t/d treatment scale

1)Construct a WWTP ,which has 8000m3/d treatment scale 2)Rebuild the output system we have, newly build foul water closure pipeline, Realize county town sewage pipe net layout , the penetration rates raising the 22 WWTP in Malipo County sewage pipe net step by step; 3) Construct a WWTP in order to collect and treat sewage ,output to achieve the standard, eliminate pollution, improve the treatment rate of SWTP in county.

1)Construct a WWTP which has 14000m3/d treatment scale 2)Rebuild the output system we have, newly build foul water closure pipeline, Realize county town sewage pipe net layout , the penetration rates raising the 23 WWTP and associated sewer in sewage pipe net step by step; Fu'ning County 3) Construct WWTP in order to collect and treat sewage ,output to achieve the standard, eliminate pollution, improve the rate of SWTP in county.

(1) Municipal solid waste can be reasonable and effective handled. The non-hazardous treatment rate of solid waste more than 95％ ,Solid waste contained, the collected rate up to 100％. 24 SWTP in Fu'ning County (2) Construct a waste landfill ,which has 80t/d treatment scale.

By comprehensive harnessing about 5.58km river in FuNing county, to improve Integrated environmental the flood control standard and ecology environment.The comprehensive 2 25 improvement in Putting River basin harnessing includes: new constructive embankment, 100000m bank protection belt, 2.2km observation channel, sludge from sludge tank 16217m3. in Fu'ning County

Making the coverage of rain and sewage pipe in county achieve the 63% of 26 Sewer in Yanshan County planning area recently, old district essentially achieve the drainage system of rain and sewage shunt.

(1)Construct a STP and associated sewer,which has 24000m3/d scale. 27 WWTP in Guangnan County (2)Reduce BOD5 380t，COD 642t，SS642t，TN44t，TP6t every year.

1).Municipal solid waste can be reasonable and effective handled. The non-hazardous treatment rate of solid waste more than 95％ ,Solid waste 28 SWTP in Maguan County contained, the collected rate up to 100％. 2) Construct a waste landfill ,which has 80t/d treatment scale.

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3.5 SUBCOMPONENTS OF WATER SUPPLY

3.5.1 Main properties The project of Subcomponents of water supply is Water Supply in Qiubei County, its Main properties see table 3.5-1.

Table 3.5-1 Main properties of subcomponents of water supply

PRESENT WATER

Projects UNIT SUPPLY PROJECT SITUATION AFTER IMPLEMENTING OF THE PROJECT

SITUATION

1- TREATMENT FACILITY

－ constructed extension Properties

scale m3/d 6000 Short time(in 2013):9000; Long term(in 2025):19000

Service population 104 3.94 Short time(in 2013):4.97; Long term(in 2025):7.34

water source － Old Chenglong Tan Old Chenglong Tan

transports distance Distance between water source and pump station is 2.2; km － of raw water Distance between pump station and water factory is 1.5;

Diameter of the

corrosion of mm DN100～DN300 DN300～DN400

water

1- DISTRIBUTION OF PIPE NET

Total length of the Cast Iron pipes:16.2 km PE pipes:19.9 pipe net system PE pipes:2.9

The number of 1 1 pump station Each

2. CONSTRUCTIONAL PERIODS

Stages of former preparation : March 2006~december 2007 Constructional －－ Stages of project construction : January 2008~Novermber 2009 period

3.5.2 Pipe network and pump station It will construct a DN400 gravity flow delivery raw water pipe line, its length is 2.2km, which diverse water from water source to lifting pump station. There is also a DN300 pressure flow raw water transmission pipeline (about 1.5km) which diverse water from lifting pump station to the Third water supply plant. And water distribution main pipe will be loop network instead of dendritic network.

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It will be a pump house on reservation ground of present lifting pump station, of which is 9000m3/d in short term and 19000m3/d in long term. The nearest resident area called Matoucun village is 700m away from pipe network. And there is no special environmental sensitive point.

3.5.3 Water Treatment Process

Process of Mid-water Treatment see Form3.5-1

Radius V type Raw water In-Line mixer Flocculation Sedimentation

ClO2 generator ClO2

Output clear 223HActivated gravity valveless Carbonsfiltration and filter

Form 3.5-1 Process of tap water purify

The processing is common of the Process of tap water purify in our country. Its water quality catch to the requirement of GB 5749-2006 《Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water》

3.5.4 The usability analysis of water resources The water supply and water demand of Water resource called Old Chenglongtan which Plan to use see table 3.5-2.

Table 3.5-2 The relative between water demand and water supply of Old Chenglongtan

month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Runoff 324.7 271.4 274.8 213.7 223.9 362.1 333.4 579.4 331.5 256.3 215.6 189.4 Longtan

Irrigation 26 35 49.3 78.5 147 125 90.2 45 46 33 21 23 Water

Drinking water volume in 45 short term

Drinking water volume in long 75 term

Runoff in 253.7 191.4 180.5 90.2 31.9 192.1 198.2 489.4 240.5 178.3 149.6 121.4 short term

Runoff in long 223.7 161.4 150.5 60.2 1.9 162.1 168.2 459.4 210.5 148.3 119.6 91.4 term

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From the table 3.5-2,the Old Chenglongtan could supply the drinking water and irrigation water better in the short water supply. But in the long term during water supply. runoff of the Longtan is very enough to satisfy the two water requirement in the May when irrigation water is the most of all. As the table treat 2005 as level year, there are much uncertain in result. As a result, it is probable to come out the situation that drinking water folded with irrigation water after a long term after water supply satisfying scale of desire. As a result, the government and functional departments would better take measure actively. Rooting on the principle that drinking water have priority, we could set Qingshui River as backup water source, improve Irrigation Diversion from Qingshui River in order to share pressure of water supply of the Old Chenglongtan.

3.5.4.1 THE SURVEY OF WATER SOURCE The water source of Qiubei County is the Old Chenglongtan(It is the water supply source of the Secondary Tap Water Factory), which lie in Matou Office ,8km west away from Qiubei County, it is one of the branch of Qingshui River of Xijiang water system of the Pearl River Basin. The area belong to Latitude Monsoon Region, where is no coldest in winter and no hottest in summer, the weather is wet and rain is rich. Definition as Subtropics climate type with average annual precipitation is between 1000 and 1300mm. Without exception, whose runoff belongs to higher fields on a hill of height, and is a barren mountain much within area, have a small amount land reclamation to cultivate land here,most remittance fee area is covered with grass kind and low brushwood , forest coverage rates are lower , loss of soil and water at upstream is comparatively grave , mining area does not scatter. Old city Longtang vauclusian spring is outlet of underground river, water surface altitude is 1449.64 ms. Old Chenglongtan gets rid of the outside supplying water to the county town , it is mainly bearing down stream farmland irrigation reaching 6300 Mu which is most used on busy farming seasons in April toJune. With the quick development of national economic,water demand sharply increased,but the flow of old chenglongtan is low in low flow season,especially in 4 or 5 month,the contradiction between urban water-supply and farmland water outstanding day after day, The old city vauclusian spring water quality range , water level is lower and is advanced cost to make water cost, source of water water.the water supply ensures that rates are lower, the source of water field periphery is a farmland , there is no source of water field protection at present.

Table 3.5-2 Water supply project of water resource of Qiubei County ---Present of Old

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3.5.4.2 AINALYSS OF WATER QUALITY OF WATER SOURCE Analysis report of water quality of Old Chenglongtan see table 3.5-3

Table 3.5-3 Water quality monitoring result of Old Chenglongtan

monitoring monitoring project CJ 3020-93 Evaluation Project CJ 3020-93 Evaluation data data

pH 6.5～8.5 7.6 Satisfy Oil － No detection Satisfy

BOD5 4 1.2 Satisfy COD － 3.06 Satisfy

Permanganate 6 1.10 Satisfy V 0.05 0.001 Satisfy index A

6+ Cr 0.05 No detection Satisfy Hg 0.001 No detection Satisfy

NO3-N 20 1.861 Satisfy Cd 0.01 No detection Satisfy

Fluoride 1.0 0.188 Satisfy Pb 0.07 No detection Satisfy

TP － 0.06 － Total Coli-Group 10000 1400 Satisfy

The anion TN － 1.49 － 0.3 No detection Satisfy abstergent

NH3-N 1.0 0.502 Satisfy Cyanide 0.052 No detection

Volatile phenols 0.004 No detection Satisfy Fluoride 250 －－ Note: CJ 3020-93《Water Quality Standard for Drinking Water Sources》secondary standard

From water quality monitoring result, the Old Chenglongtan had been lightly polluted. But it suit to CJ 3020-93《Water Quality Standard for Drinking Water Sources》secondary standard. If we can frequently depurative treat (flocculation, precipitation filtration, disinfection etc.), the water quality can satisfy requirement of GB 5749-2006 《Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water》which could supply water drinker.

3.6 SUBCOMPONENTS OF MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER TREATMENT

3.6.1 Main Attributes The main technical attributes of 7 municipal waste water treatment subcomponents are listed in Table 3.6-1:

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Table 3.6-1 Main Technical Attributes of the municipal waste water treatment subcomponent

SUBCOMPONENTS SUBCOMPONENTS SUBCOMPONENTS Indicators UNIT IN IN LIJIANG IN WENSHAN TOTAL

DALI PREFECTURE MUNICIPALITY PREFECTURE

1- basic data

total amount of m3/d 776 40000 43789 84565 municipal waste water

total amount of the treated municipal m3/d 1600 40000 58000 99600 waste water

Qingshuihe, treatment to the Yanggongjiang chouyanghe, drainage receiving － Luoshijiang River － River Jinninghe and water body Lengshuihe River

(2025 年 )service 10 population after 1.5 27.81 28.98 58.29 thousand implementation

2- treatment facility

construction New New construction ＋ New construction＋ New construction＋ attributes of waste － construction water treatment project expansion expansion expansion ＋expansion

proposed site of County seat at Dengchuan Town, Ancient town and waste water treatment － Qiubei, Malipo, Funing － Eryuan County Huaping County project and Guangnan County

the designed treatment capacity m3/d 1600 40000 58000 99600 (2025)

amount of sludge 128 m3 (rate of water 1/d 1.0～1.5t 2.0～2.5t 5～6t (2010 年) conservation99.3%)

Sludge disposal － landfill landfill landfill landfill

2- sewer network

length of associated km 2.52 229.94 55.17 287.63 sewer networks

internal diameters of mm DN300～600 DN100～1800 DN400～1200 － intercepting trunk pipe

number of pump 1 2 4 7 station

3- civil work

construction period － 1 year 3.5 years 0.6～3.5 years 3.5 year

Excavated soil to be m3 1799.3 3591.1 12026.93 － abondanded

5-expenditure

Engineering RMB10000 investment (without RE 4197 17160 13130 34487 & RW) Yuan

3.6.2 Influent and Effluent Water Quality of the waste water treatment facility Based on the water quality monitoring result of existing WWTP, comparison analysis and evaluation are carried out. See Table 3.6-2 for the result.

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Table 3.6-2 Comparison of influent and effluent water quality of Waste water treatment facilities

(1) SITE NAME INDICATOR COD BOD5 SS TN TP

WWTP and associated influent (mg/L) 280 150 240 35 3

Dali sewer networks in Class effluent (mg/L) 50 10 10 15 0.5 Prefecture Dengchuan Town, Eryuan 1(A)

County Reduction rate(%) 82 93 95 57 83

influent (mg/L) 300～500 150～200 150～200 25～40 4～6 Second WWTP and Class 1 associated sewer networks effluent (mg/L) 60 20 20 20 1.0 (B) in Lijiang Municipality Reduction rate (%) 80～88 86～90 86～90 25～50 75～83

旱 dry200～ dry175～ Lijiang dry 100～ 300 250 driy25～40 dry4～6 Municipality influent (mg/L) 170 WWTP and intercepting 雨 rain90～ rain120～ rain20～30 rain1.5~2.5 rain60～100 pipe component in Huaping 140 200

County Class effluent (mg/L) 60 20 20 20 1.0 1( (B)

Reduction rate (%) －－－－－

influent (mg/L) 150～250 100～160 150～250 25～35 4～6 WWTP and associated Class sewer networks in Qiubei effluent (mg/L) 60 20 20 20 1.0 1( (B) County Reduction rate (%) 60～76 80～88 87～92 20～43 75～83

influent (mg/L) 300 140 200 30(NH3-N) 4 WWTP and intercepting Class pipe component in Malipo effluent (mg/L) 60 20 20 20 1.0 1( (B) County Wenshan Reduction rate (%) 80 86 90 33 75

Prefecture influent (mg/L) 300 150 220 30 2.0 WWTP and associated Class sewer networks in Funing effluent (mg/L) 60 20 20 20 1.0 1( (B) County Reduction rate (%) 80 87 91 33 50

influent (mg/L) 280 150 240 35 3.0 WWTP and intercepting Class pipe component in effluent (mg/L) 60 20 20 20 1.0 1( (B) Guangnan County Reduction rate (%) 79 87 92 43 67 note： Effluent water quality performs GB 18918-2002”urban WWTP pollutant discharge standard”, and the class is confirmed based on the function of drainage receiving water body.

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Table 3.6-2 indicates that under the condition of guaranteeing the water quality and quantity of the drainage receiving water body, the selected technologies can meet the requirement of treatment depth and reach discharge standard. Therefore, the water quality and quantity of the drainage receiving water body become the premise of standard satisfied discharge of waste water, so specific measures should be considered to guarantee the water quality and quantity of the receiving water body.

3.7 SUBCOMPONENTS OF RIVERWAY WATER ENVIRONMENT INTEGRATED RENOVATION

3.7.1 Main Attributes Riverway water environment integrated renovation components are aimed at reducing point and non-point pollutant load, rehabilitating riverway ecosystem and improving flood control. There are 4 subcomponents of riverway water environment integrated renovation in YUEP:

note：★excluded to this component Diagram 3.7-1 Main Attributes of Riverway Water Environment Integrated Renovation (Miju River) (1) Integrated water environmental renovation of major river ways into Erhai Lake

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(2) Integrated renovation of the urban section of Panlong River in Wenshan County Town Area (3) Integrated renovation of Puting River basin in Fu’ning County (4) Integrated renovation of water environment in Lake Puzhehei of Qiubei County Diagram 3.7-1 provides an example of the main attributes of riverway water environment integrated renovation subcomponents

3.7.2 Dredging Subcomponents involving dredging in YUEP include: (1) Integrated water environment renovation of major river ways into Lake Erhai (Miju River) (2) Integrated renovation of Puting River basin in Fu’ning County The engineering work of dredging in the above mentioned subcomponents is listed in Table 3.7-1.

Table 3.7-1 Engineering Work of Riverway Dredging

Dredging Sludge dredging Name of sub-component Dredging Method distance/km amount /104m3

Integrated water environment renovation of 9.54 25.02 machinical dredging major riverway into Erhai Lake (Miju River)

Integrated renovation of Puting River basin in 5.58 1.62 machinical dredging Fu’ning County

In order to select the proper method of sludge disposal with the consideration of its ultimate treatment, the identification of sludge risks are made in EIA. See Chapter 4 and 5 for the result.

3.7.3 Riverway Integrated Renovation Analysis Although the ultimate objective of riverway integrated renovation is to reduce point and non-point source pollution load, rehabilitate riverway ecosystem and improve flood control, the following issues need to be considered in the implementation phase: (1) Water and soil conservation. Riverway integrated renovation involves riverway dredging up, ecological rehabilitation along the river banks and flood control infrastructure construction by digging and filling, which is easy to induce soil erosion.

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(2) The dredging methods. The impact dimension and scope of various dredging methods will be different to the water environment, so dredging method which has less impact to water environment should be selected based on real situation. (3) Ecological impact. The negative impact on ecology caused in riverway integrated renovation should be taken into consideration. (4) Exotic species invasion. The riverway integrated renovation subcomponents include wetland rehabilitation and artificial wetland construction, in which the exotic species invasion should be prevented to avoid the negative impact to the ecology. The effect analysis of above issues and mitigation measures refers to Chapter 5 and 7.

3.8 SUBCOMPONENTS OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL

3.8.1 Main Attributes See table 3.8-1 for YUEP subcomponents of municipal solid waste disposal.

Table 3.8-1 Main Attributes of Municipal Solid Waste Subcomponents

Subcomponents Kunming Lijiang Wenshan Unit Dali Prefecture Indicators Municipality Municipality Prefecture Quantity of Solid Waste t/d 283.63 60 270 289.5 (Year 2020) Designed Treatment t/d 245 60 270 203.36 Capacity Area of the Landfill ha 34.87 7.80 13 5.9 Volume of the Landfill 104m3 164.52 60.8 200 220.5

Service Lifetime of the a 12～15 20 18 18～20 Landfill

Distance between the km 7～43 8 18 5～71 Landfill and the Urban Downtown

Volume of the m3 14400～18000 12000 30000 2000～5000 Leachate Tank

Leachate Treatment － 1Decrease the 1、Decrease the 1、Decrease the 1、Decrease the Method spray-back quantity spray-back quantity in spray-back spray-back in the near future the dry season quantity in the dry quantity in the dry season season 2、Transmitted to 2、Transmitted to and and treated by the treated by the WWTP in 2、Transmitted to 2、Transmitted to WWPT in the long the rainy season and treated by the and treated by the term WWTP in the WWTP in the rainy season rainy season

Landfill Gas Treatment － emission and emission and emission and emission and Method incineration directly incineration directly incineration incineration directly directly Project Investment RMB10 9014.77 3668.87 12255.35 8111.87 Thousan d Yuan

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3.8.2 Solid Waste Disposal Methods Currently, there are three methods widely used for solid waste disposal at home and abroad, i.e. landfill, compost and incineration, with different advantage and disadvantage and applicable conditions. The selection of disposal method is limited by various facts, such as the municipal solid waste composition, urban scale, quantity of solid waste, urban economic development level, energy structure, natural environmental conditions and traditions and habits. Therefore, it’s particularly important to select appropriate municipal solid waste disposal method to meet the reality of a city. YUEP has finally selected landfill for this type of subcomponents after the technological and economic analysis and alternative programs comparison. Compared to the other two methods, landfill engineering measures avoid the impact to the ambience, by making use of the microorganism’s catabolism capability to biodegrade the harmful elements in the solid waste and to decontaminate it. This method requires less investment and lower operation cost, which is also the ultimately necessary treatment for the other two methods. However, landfill occupies large area, and has a high demand to the geological conditions and environmental situation, which is more suitable to be used in the mountainous area and upland. Landfill is the most commonly used method of sanitary disposal of municipal solid waste in China.

3.8.3 Disposal of Leachate Leachate is the high condensed organic waste water with complicated composition which contains large amount of virus, pathogen and toxic heavy metals with poor bio-degradation and becomes a serious problem at the late phase of landfill service lifetime. The variation of leachate quality is very large due to the impacts from various ingredients, such as composition of waste, disposal method, season, local climate, different phases of biodegradation, etc. Table 3.8-2 indicates the comparison result of different solid waste leachate. Table 3.8-2 Test and Comparison Result of leachate between Tianzilin Landfill of Hangzhou City and Landfill of Qujing City

Tianzilin Landfill of Hangzhou Landfill of Qujing City Monitoring Item Tested Range Average Tested Range Average

COD/mg·L－1 3000～40000 18000 10132～11342 10737

－1 BOD5/mg·L 2000～30000 10000 3643～3892 3768

SS/mg·L－1 200～10000 500 4179～4234 4216

－1 NH3-N/mg·L 10～800 100 765～873 819

TP/mg·L－1 1～70 30 －－

pH 5.3～8.5 6 7.47～7.48 7.63

Total Bacteria (No./L) 1.1×108 － ≥24000 －

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According to the provision of < Policy of Municipal Solid Waste Disposal and Pollution Prevention and Treatment Technology > (Jian-cheng No.[2000]120), a separate drainage system should be used in the landfill to separate storm water from waste water, for the sake of decrease of leachate quantity produced in the operation process. The leachate collection system should be set up, and drainage of the properly treated leachate to the municipal waste water treatment system should be encouraged. A separate facility should be built to treat the leachate to reach the discharge standard before draining for those landfills without the above mentioned conditions. Leachate may also be recycled to reduce the treatment quantity, decrease the treatment load and facilitate the stabilization of landfill. All landfills under the project will adopt the separate drainage system to reduce the leachate quantity produced in the operation process. And the leachate collection system has been designed already. Two methods have been considered to treat leachate: decrease the quantity by spray back (in the near future or dry season), and transmitted to the WWTP for further treatment (in long term or rainy season).

3.8.4 Disposal of Landfill Gas There are multi-ways of landfill gas collection and emission, among which the vertical cylinder filled with gravels for gas emission has been adopted by the project. The bottom of the cylinder is connected with the underground ditches of leachate collection system, and the middle of the cylinder is joined with the tube horizontally laid in the middle of the collection system. There are perforated pipe laid in the cylinder for gas emission and water drainage. The emission pipe is made of perforated high density polythene pipe enwrapped by a layer of breathable materials (filtration gravels packed in the steel wire net). The gas emission cylinders are arranged in the shape of interlaced quincunx, and the space between each other is determined by imbedding depth, thickness of covered earth, the infiltration coefficient of the covered earth, and the diameter of emission pipe, etc. The height of gas emission cylinder will be increased together with landfill working height gradually. There are two ways of landfill gas emission after coming out of the gravel-filled vertical cylinder, i.e. direct emission dispersedly and centralized emission from different areas. Dispersed emission is to lay a vent-pipe at the top of the cylinder (where is close to the top cover layer) and the vent will be set 1.0m higher than the cover layer. This is a low cost method which distributes vents proportionally to facility smooth emission of the landfill gas and diffuses easily at a lower density of exhaust gas. The disadvantage is that too many vents make it hard to collect the gas for recycle. Centralized emission is to collect the landfill gas to one place for emission by the underground ditches, which is advantaged in making an integrated use of the landfill gas in the future but the emission is not as smooth as the dispersed emission method, hence each of the centralized emission area could not be too big. Due to the small scale of the landfills under the project, which are not provided with the conditions to make use of landfill gas, therefore, the dispersed emission and direct

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incineration method has been selected to add a fire device at the vent of cylinder and burn the emission gas directly.

3.9 INVESTMENT OF SUBCOMPONENTS

The investment of subcomponents in YUEP is listed in Table 3.9-1。

Table 3.9-1 Investment of subcomponents

Municipality/ No. Name of subcomponents Total investment (unit: 104 RMB) Prefecture

Monitoring and management support system for total water pollutants 1 15609.68 control in Lake Dianchi basin Kunming Municipality 2 Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Luquan County 2987

(4) 3 Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Songming County 3277

4 Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Xundian County 3788.74

5 Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Eryuan County 4885.69

WWTP and associated sewer networks in Dengchuan Town, Eryuan 6 1902 County

7 Rural non-point pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin 3323.86

Yonganjiang River Integrated water environmental 1074.58 management

Mijuhe River Integrated water environmental 12557.66 Integrated water management Dali Prefecture environmental Luoshijiang River Integrated water environmental 8 management of 3490.79 (5) management major riverways into

Lake Erhai Boluojiang River Integrated water environmental 6541.90 management

18 streams in Cangshan Mountain Integrated 13232.53 water environmental management

Urban drainage network in Ancient Town

Urban drainage Urban drainage network in Fengyi District 9 network system in 9479.82 Dali City Urban drainage network in Tourism Zone

Urban drainage network in Xizhou Town

10 WWTP and intercepting pipes component in Huaping County 6029.70

Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Lijiang 11 11533.53 Municipality Ljiang Municipality 12 Second WWTP and associated sewer networks in Lijiang Municipality 17160.64 (5) 13 Urban drainage pipe system in Yulong County

Integrated environmental management of sleeping lion mountain in Old 14 38940.83 Town district of Lijiang

Wenshan Environmental monitoring and management capacity building in 15 1372.5 Prefecture Wenshan Prefecture

(14) Integrated renovation of section of Panlong River in Wenshan County 16 19567 Town Area

17 Urban drainage network system in Wenshan County 1385.58

4942.54 18 WWTP and associated sewer networks in Qiubei County

19 Water supply project of Qiubei County 2220.60

20 Integrated renovation of water environment in Lake Puzhehei of Qiubei 2724

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Municipality/ No. Name of subcomponents Total investment (unit: 104 RMB) Prefecture County

21 Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Malipo County 2852.87

22 WWTP and intercepting pipes component in Malipo County 3795.45

23 WWTP and associated sewer networks in Funing County 3034.5

24 Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Funing County 4334

25 Integrated renovation of Puting River basin in Funing County 5745

26 Urban drainage network system in Yanshan County 4664.

27 WWTP and intercepting pipes component in Guangnan County 3589

28 Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Maguan County 3843.57

total 225122.17

3.10 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE PLAN

Based on specific situation, the period of the project will be 1-4 year. The implementation schedule plans (construction period) are listed in Table 3.10-1.

Table 3.10-1 Implementation schedule plans (construction period) of subcomponents

Municipality/ No. Name of subcomponents Implementation schedule plans (construction period) Prefecture

Monitoring and management support system for total Phase 1：construction period 1year(2008.1～12) 1 water pollutants control in Lake Dianchi basin Phase 2：construction period 2year (2009.1～2010.12)

Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Kunming 2 built in 2009 and take into operation Municipality Luquan County (4) Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in 3 built in 2009 and take into operation Songming County

Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in 4 built in 2010.9 and take into operation Xundian County

Dali Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in 5 Construction period is 1 year, 2007-2008 Prefecture Eryuan County

(5) WWTP and associated sewer networks in Dengchuan 6 2008.1.1-2008.6 Town, Eryuan County 7 Rural non-point pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin Construction period is about 2years

Yonganjiang River Integrated water Construction period：2007～2008 environmental management

Mijuhe River Integrated water Completed within 4 years since contract signing Integrated environmental management water Luoshijiang River Integrated water environmental Completed within 4 years since contract signing 8 environmental management management of major riverway Boluojiang River Integrated water Completed within 2 years since contract signing into Lake Erhai environmental management

18 streams in Cangshan Mountain Integrated water environmental Completed within 2 years since contract signing management

Urban drainage Urban drainage network in Ancient Construction period is about 2 years. 2008.10-2010.10 9 network system Town

in Dali City Urban drainage network in Fengyi District

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Urban drainage network in Tourism Zone

Urban drainage network in Xizhou Town

WWTP and intercepting pipes component in Huaping preparation：2006.3～2007.10; implementation： 10 County 2007.11～2010.2

Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Construction period is about 3.5 years. Preparation is 2 11 Ljiang Lijiang Municipality years, the implementation 1.5 year. Municipality Second WWTP and associated sewer networks in 12 Construction period is about 3.5 years (5) Lijiang Municipality

13 Urban drainage pipe system in Yulong County Construction period is planned to be 4 years

Integrated environmental management of sleeping lion 14 Construction period is1 year, 2008.2 -2009.2 mountain in Old Town district of Lijiang

Environmental monitoring and management capacity 15 Construction period：2007.7 -2008.12 building in Wenshan Prefecture

Integrated renovation of section of Panlong River in preparation：2006.3～2007.10 16 Wenshan County Town Area implementation：2007.11～2010.4

17 Urban drainage network system in Wenshan County Construction period: 2007～2009

WWTP and associated sewer networks in Qiubei preparation：2006.3～2008.10 18 County implementation：2008.10～2010.2

preparation：2006.3～2007.8 19 Water supply project of Qiubei County implementation：2007.8～2009.11

preparation：2006.3 ~2007.12 Integrated renovation of water environment in Lake 20 Puzhehei of Qiubei County implementation：2008.1 ~2009.12 Wenshan Construction period is 3.5 year. Preparation is 1.5 years, the Prefecture Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in 21 (14) Malipo County implementation 2.0 year

WWTP and intercepting pipes component in Malipo 22 2008.7.1-2009.6.30 County

WWTP and associated sewer networks in Funing 23 Short term :2005～2013，future term: 2013～2023 County

Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in 24 2008.7- 2009.12 Funing County

Integrated renovation of Puting River basin in Funing 25 2008.7-2009.6 County

26 Urban drainage network system in Yanshan County Short term :2008～2013; future term:2014～2023

WWTP and intercepting pipes component in 27 2008.1-2008.6 Guangnan County

Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in 28 2006.3-2010.9 Maguan County

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4 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE OF PROJECT AREAS

4.1 ENVIRONMENTAL OVERVIEW OF YUNNAN PROVINCE

Yunnan Province is located in the southwest border of China, which is a mountainou province on plateu. The altitude declines gradually from northwest to southeast in a ladder shape, and elevation differs significantly, with average altitude of about 2000 m, maximum altitude of 6740 m and minimum altitude of 76.4 m. The topography is varied, and climate is complex with significant vertical altitude difference in temperature. The water system of Yunnan is very complicated, and the province has more than 600 rivers including 180 larger rivers, most of which are upstream of rivers flowing into sea, and belong to six major river systems separately (Jinsha River - the Yangtze River, Nanpan River - Pearl River, Yuan River - Red River, Lancang River - Mekong River, Nu River – Saerwen River, Dulong River, BigYing River , Theravada - Irrawaddy River). They flow into three seas and three bays (East China Sea, South China Sea, the Andaman Sea, the North Bay, Motama Bay, the Bay of Bengal) before flowing into two oceans (Pacific and the Indian Ocean). There are many plateau lakes in Yunnan Province, which is one of China's provinces with the largest number of lakes. The total area of lakes is 1066 km2 with catchment area of 9000 km2, and total water storage of 30 billion m3. Many lakes are well known at home and abroad, among which the most famous ones are Dianchi Lakes, Erhai, Fuxian Lake, Lugu Lake, Yangzonghai, etc... Dianchi Lake is the largest lake in Yunnan, and ranks sixth in the country. Yunnan Province has 16 prefectures, and 29 minority autonomous counties in 129 counties and municipalities. By the end of 2005, the province's total population was 44.15 million, among which the urban population was 11,639,000 and rural population was 32,117,000. Yunnan is a province with most minorities in China, and there are 25 groups of minorities with over 5000 population each. Population of minority accounts for 33.4% of the total population in the province. Yunnan has unique geography, climate, and natural & ecological environment. Cultural diversity, long history and splendid culture creats unique tourist resources in Yunnan, and natural & cultural landscape have unique advantages. Stone Forest, Dali and Xishuangbanna, three rivers flowing in paralel, Dianchi Lake in Kunming and Yulong Snow Mountain in Lijiang are famous national scenic areas, in addition, there are 47 provincial-level scenic areas. Yunnan has 5 historical and cultural cities at national level, i.e. Kunming, Dali, Lijiang, Jianshui and Weishan. The province has also established 100 natural reserves with a total area of 1.926 million hm2 and 22 national and provincial forest parks with a total area of 85,500 hm2.

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Since Chin’s reform and open-up policy, Yunnan's social economy has developed fast. But with rapid urbanization and economic growth, two important issues occur: Firstly, urban environmental degradation which could be illustrated by deterioration of water quality in Dianchi Lake and Erhai; Secondly, lack for urban infrastructures supporting urbanization especially in small cities and towns. Poor water quality at source and lack of effective pollution control is the main reason for urban environmental degradation. Although pollution prevention has been strengthen in recent years, surface water near the main cities and the main lakes in Yunnan Province are seriously polluted with water quality of class V and even minus V (such as Dianchi). In addition, rapid urbanization and rapid development of tourism exceeds the existing capacity of urban infrastructure, bringing pressure to the living conditions in urban area. Especially in some counties, there is an urgent need to expand urban infrastructure construction so as to further absorb surplus rural laborers and lay a good foundation for establishment of commercial, residential and industrial base. Dianchi Lake Basin and ErHai Lake Basin are the most densely populated areas, the most active areas in production and the most economicially developed areas in Yunnan Province. Their social economy is very important, and they are also two of basins given special protection in Yunnan; Lijiang City, with its rich tourist resources, has become a national and even world’s tourist city. With city status on the rise, Lijiang is becoming one of cities which will develop importantly in Yunnan Province; Economic development in Wenshan Prefecture, due to historical reasons, has lagged behind for a long time, but with the establishment of China - ASEAN Free Trade Area, Wenshan Prefecture has quickly become an important platform in the region, playing an important role in the province's foreign trade. . Ttable 4.1-1 explains the socio-economic position of Kunming, Dali, Lijiang and Wenshan in Yunnan province.

Table 4.1-1 Main economic indicators of project locations in 2004

Total retail Net Local Total amount of average Province, Ranking GDP Ranking financial Ranking Ranking year-end Ranking in social income of prefecture, in /RMB10 in revenues in in populatio Province consumabl local city Province 0mil Province /RMB100 Province Province n /10000 es / farmer mil RMB100mil /RMB whole 4415.20 － 2959.48 － 263.30 － 884.86 － 1864 － province Kunming 502.92 3 942.14 1 85.64 1 370.46 1 2909 2 city Dali 338.34 5 201.24 5 13.30 5 52.66 4 2090 3 prefecture

Lijiang City 112.73 12 50.38 13 3.52 12 13.66 14 1324 11

Wenshang 334.97 6 124.13 8 5.52 9 44.73 5 1247 13 prefecture

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Policies, measures and projects to improve ecological environment and to speed up economic development in above areas, have been incorporated in national economic and social development planning at national, provincial and local levels. According to requirements of environmental protection in "The 11th Five-Year Plan" in Yunnan Province, by 2010, water quality of centralized drinking water sources at over 90%,key cities will basically meet standard; water function in more than 65% of surface water at country-controlled and province -controlled monitoring section will meet standard; over 50% of water in nine plateau lakes will meet water quality standar; newly increased urban sewage treatment capacity will be 900,000 t/d (400,000 t/d for Jinsha River Basin, 200,000 t/d for Pearl River Basin), urban sewage treatment rate will reach over 70%; newly increased capacity of MSW harmless treatment will be 9000 t/d (735 t/d for Jinsha River Basin, 810t/d for Pearl River Basin) and garbage harmless treatment rate will reach over 60%. To achieve environmental protection goals in "The 11th Five-Year Plan", through important projects to promote overall environmental protection and to solve critical environmental issues, Yunnan Province plans to invest 21 billion yuan, under comprehensive plans, to implement the nine major environmental protection projects in batches, namely: (i) Capacity building for environmental protection, early waring and emergency response (ii) Drinking water safety and overall prevention and control for water pollution in key basins; (iii) Disposal fo medical and hazardous wastes; (iv) Construction of urban environmental infrastructure; (v) Treatment of industrial pollution sources; (vi) Protection of ecological environment and construction of ecological function areas; (vii) Environmental protection initiative for well-off countryside in Yunnan; (viii) Nuclear safety and protection of radiative environment; (ix) Circular economy pilot project. This project is an important measure to achieve goals of environmental protection in "The 11th Five-Year plan" in Yunnan, and there are 2 sub-project in capacity building for environmental protection, early warning and emergency response, 8 sub-projects in MSW disposal, 12 sub-projects in water supply, drainage and urban sewage treatment plant, 4 sub-projects in overall regulation of river (lake) and 2 sub-projects in construction of urban environmental infrastructure, all of which are improtants projects with financial support in "The 11th Five-Year Plan" period. Projects cover capacity building for environmental

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protection, early warning and emergency response, drinking water safety and overall prevention and control of water pollution in major basins, construction of urban environmental infrastructure, protection of ecological environmen and construction of ecological functional areas, and environmental protection initiative for well-off countryside in Yunnan etc. In this context, implementation of "urban environmental construction projects in Yunnan" is of important significance, which can resolve two difficulties, i.e. overall regulation of pollution in key basins and urban infrastructure construction. These four cities could play an demonstration role from perspective of natural & ecological environment and perspective of socio-economic environment.

4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL OVERVIEW OF PROJECT AREA IN KUNMING

The projects in Kunming are located in Luquan County, Songming County and Xundian County. The relevant social environment and the natural environment profiles of three counties are summarized as follows.

4.2.1 Luquan County

4.2.1.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geographical Location Luquan County is Yi and Miao Autonomous County in the suburbs of Kunming city in Yunnan Province, and is located in northern part of central Yunnan, southern coast of the Jinsha River, ranging from 102 ° 14 'to 102 ° 56'E , 25 ° 25 'to 26 ° 22'N, and with a distance of 72 km to the center of Kunming city. The World Bank loan project in the Luquan county, i.e. MSW collection and disposal project ,is located at northeast 7 km of Luquan County, near the road from county to Cuihua village, and the site links with highways. Surface water flows to downstream of the county, and wind direction is underwind. Its distance with the surrounding settlements is as follows: 550 m with the upper Shihuiyao village in west-southwest, 600 m with the under Shihuiyao village in south-southwest, 1600m with the Qinlongtan Village in east. Landfill and the three villages are separated by mountain ridges. Specific location is seen in the attached map. (2) Geology and Landform The terrain of Luquan County is high in the east, low in the west, high in the north and low in the south.

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The terrain of proposed landfill site in upper Shihuiyao is high in the north and low in the south; the geomorphological features are controlled by the tectonic. At landfill site, valley mouth is very narrow and valley reservoir is open, "Issidae-like terrain, a sustained north-south valley". Site’s structure is stable, and not landslide, mud-rock flow, and other adverse physical geological phenomenon. There is no fault within the project’s site; geological structure of the site is simple. (3) Weather and Climate Luquan County has subtropical monsoon climate, and the main wind direction is south-southwest with wind frequency of 16% and frequency of static wind of 38%; Average temperature is 15.6 ° C with annual average rainfall of 965.9 mm, annual average evaporation of 1959.1 mm. (4) Water System The major rivers in Luquan County include Jinsha River, Zhangjiu River, Pudu river, and so on. MSW collection and disposal project of Luquan County relates to Zhangjiu River, which belongs to Yangtze River, and one of the origins of the Jinsha River. It originates from the Dajia Hill of Zhilan village committee in the northwest of Luquan County, and flows into Pudu river at the southern. According to "Function Zoning of Surface Water Environment in Yunnan”, proposed landfill site is located in industrial water zone in Zhangjiu River. (5) Hydrological and Geological Condition Water at proposed site is not abundant, and it is a relatively impermeable stratum with good and natural impermeable feature. After competion, landfill can effectively prevent the diffusion of polluted water into surrounding area , and the possibility for water in the fractured bedrock being polluted is very small. The main type of aquifer is fractured bedrock water, and its capacity of water enrichment is weak. Hydrological and geological conditions in the site are simple.

4.2.1.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Luquan County has 3 towns and 15 townships. At the end of 2005, the county's population reached 430,700. In 2005, the gross domestic product of the county was RMB1.343 billion, and farmer’s net income per capita was RMB1,632. The county was a priority county supported by nation. Site of MSD landfill of Luquan county is located in the northeast 7 km of the county, and the nearest village is upper Shihuiyao, about 550 m apart. Selected site belongs to Yanwachong village committee, Pinshan town, Luquan County. Yanwachong village is located in the eastern of Luquan County, with main crops as rice, corn, wheat and broad beans, and major economic crops as flue-cured tobacco and Chinese chestnut.

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4.2.1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Monitoring results of present environmental quality in Luquan County are shown in Table 4.2-1 as follows. Detailed monitoring data is seen in attachment.

Table 4.2-1 Monitoring Results of Present Environmental Quality Environmental Item Content Element Monitoring Time 2006 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Luquan County Organization Monitoring Site Environmental Protection Building of Luquan County Monitoring PM , SO , NOx air Factors 10 2 Standard Secondary Standard, GB3095-1996 100% of standard compliance rate of air quality in Luquan County in 2006, Monitoring air quality in assessment area can meet secondary standard of Results GB3095-1996. Monitoring 2007.04.16~2007.04.18 Times Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Luquan County Organization Monitoring river beside Xiahuiyao villagez Section Monitoring Flow rate, pH, COD, BOD , NH -N, Total Phosphorus Factors 5 3 Surface water Monitoring Monitoring 3 days, once a day, take water sample once in a.m. and p.m., Frequency detection after mixing Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method Standard IVStandard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> performed Monitoring surface water quality in assessment area can achieve IV Standard in Results GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard > Monitoring Time 2007.04.18 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Luquan County Organization Monitoring Groundwater beside the Xiahuiyao village Section Monitoring COD, NH3-N ,Cyanide, As, Ni, Mn, Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Total Factors Phosphorus, Volatilization Phenols Monitoring once a day, one water sample Groundwater Frequency Analysis HJ/T164-2004 Method Standard III Standard, GB/T14848-93 performed Monitoring Except Ni, all other indicators meet III standard in . There is no Ni pollution source in project area, and it is estimated that Reason Analysis high Ni content in the groundwater is due to high Ni content in soil. Monitoring Noise 2007.04.17 Times Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Luquan County Organization Monitoring Site Tail area of proposed landfill

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Monitoring Equivalent continuous sound level Factors Monitoring one day at 16:00 and 22:30 Frequency Standard GB3096-931 Standard performed Monitoring The bound noise can achieve GB12348-901 Standard Present sooil soil erosion situation in proposed landfill site is light Erosion situation Present Eco-system in the area is disturbed to a certain degree, and land in the Ecological vegetation proposded site is mainly dry land with major crops as wheat and Environment situation horsebean. Flora and funna No wild flora and fuuna species protected at country- and province-level in situation proposed site area

4.2.1.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targets are listed in Table 4.2-2.

Table 4.2-2 List of the Environmental Protection Objects Environmental Serial No. Distance, orientation Function protection targets

Shangshihuiyao 1 550m, southwest, a little bit west Area of social attention village

2 Qinglongtan village 1600m, east Area of social attention

3 Xiashihuiyao Village 600m, southwest, a little bit south Area of social attention

4 Zhangjiu village From the downtown to Pudu river industrial water use area

At the proposed site, there is no specially protected area, ecologically sensitive area, natural habitat, l cultural resources in material form, international watercourse and dam.

4.2.2 Songming County

4.2.2.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT OVERVIEW (1) Geographical Position Songming County is located in the north-east of Kunming, and is the secondary city of capital Kunming. It is near Malone County in east, connects with Fuming County in west, borders Xundian County in north, links with Yiliang County in southeast and adjacents to Panlong district in southwest. County border is 62 km east- west long, 39 km north-south wide with an area of 1442 km2. The proposed landfill is located in Huolianqing, northeast 6 km of Songming County, under the wind direction of the Songyang town. About 100 meters to the landfill at east is Qingshuitang village, Bennake village committee, Xiaojie Township. About 250 meters to

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the landfill at south is Heyou village, Sijiao village committee, Songyang Township. About 130 meters to the landfill at southwest is Luojing village, Sijiao village committee, Songyang Township. About 160 meters to the landfill at north is Jiejie village, Xinchunyi village committee, Songyang Township. The other direction of the project within 2.5 km has not villages and the residents point. Specific location details see the attached map. (2) Geology and Landform The proposed landfill is located in Huolianqing, the northeast 6 km of Songming County, It is an erosion-hill ditch, about 1000m long, ditch’s opening towards the southwest, and its downstream is the East Channel. Its east, south and the north are small mountain ridges, about 50 m. According to geological exploration results, there is no fault within the project’s site and the geological structure of the site is simple. (3) Weather and Climate The annual average temperature of the proposed landfill is 14 ° C, and the leading wind direction is southwest and west southwest with frequency of static wind is 29%. The annual precipitation is about 994.0 mm. (4) Water System Surface river in the site is a main channel, and is a seasonal agricultural irrigation ditche excavated by people, which originates from the upper reservoir of Songming County and eventually flows into Loushan river, this river is 16.5 km long and 3 to 8m wide. (5) Hydrological and Geological Conditions According to enginnering survey report, layer of fourth line (Q) and the tertiary (N) has a good and natural impermeable performance in proposed site. Landfill can effectively prevent the spread of the polluted water, and the possibility that water in the fractured bedrock is polluted is small. Site is an independent hydrogeological unit, hydrological and geological conditions in sites are simply.

4.2.2.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Chongming County has 5 towns and 2 townships. At the end of 2005, the county's population reached 348,268; the gross product of the county was 20.53 billion yuan. The proposed site belongs to Sijiao village committee of Songyang county. The area's main crops are rice, corn, broad beans and potatoes, and the major economic crops are flue-cured tobacco and canola.

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4.2.2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Monitoirng results of present environmental quality in Songming County is shown in Table 4.2-3 as follows. The detailed monitoring data is seen in attachment.

Table 4.2-3 Monitoring Result of Present Environmental Quality

Environmental Item Content Element Monitoring Time 2006 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Songming County Institution Monitoring City Building Environmental Protection Edifice of Songming County site Monitoring Air PM , SO , NOx Factors 10 2 Standard Secondary Standard in GB3095-1996 Performed The rate to the standard in Songming County was beyond 96% in 2006, the Monitoring air quality in the evaluation region can achieve GB3095-1996 Secondary Standard. Monitoring Time 2007.4.2~2007.4.4 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Songming County Institution Monitoring Up reach 500m of Donggan river, down reach 2000m of Donggan river, Section Monitoring Flow rate, COD, BOD , NH -N, Phosphate Factors 5 3 Surface water Monitoring Monitoring 3 days, once a day, take water sample once in a.m. and p.m., Frequency detection after mixing Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method Standard GB5084-1992 Performed Monitoring According to GB5084-1992 , Donggan river Result can reach the standard. Monitoring Time 2007.04.02 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Songming County Institution Monitoring well of Luojin Village, well of Heyou Village Section Monitoring COD , NH -N, As, Cd, Pb Factors Mn 3 Groundwater Monitoring Once a day, one water sample Frequency Analysis HJ/T164-2004 < Groundwater Environmental Monitoring technical Manual> Method Standard III Standard in GB/T14848-93 Performed Monitoring According to the monitoring result, groundwater quality in assessment area Result can achieve III Standard. Noise Monitoring Time 2007.04.02 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Songming County Institution Monitoring storage yard and warehouse site Monitoring Equivalent concatenation sound value

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Factors Monitoring Monitoring a day in 16:00 and 22:30 Frequency Standard 1 Standard in GB3096-93 Performed Monitoring The noise of monitoring region can achieve GB3096-931 Standard Present soil Erosion soil erosion situation in proposed landfill site is light situation Present Ecologial The land in project area is dry land, surrounded by hillside forestland, and vegetation Environment ecosystem is mainly cultivated land with wheat and pease. situaiton

Flora and funna No wild flora and fuuna species protected at country- and province-level in situation proposed site area

4.2.2.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection objectives are listed in Table 4.2-4.

Table 4.2-4 List of the Environmental Protection Targets

No. Environmental protection targets Distance, orientation Function

1 Luojin village 1300m, Southwest Area of social attention

2 Jiejie village 1600m, North Area of social attention

3 Qingtang village 1500m, East Area of social attention

4 East main canal 700m, West Farmland irrigation water

In proposed site, there is no special protected area, ecologically sensitive area, natural habitat, cultural resource in material form, international watercourse and dam.

4.2.3 Xundian County

4.2.3.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geographical Location Xundian County is located in the north-east part of Kunming, ranging from 102°41′ to 103°33′E and 25°20′-26°01′N. The distance between Rende town and Kunming is 102 kmm. The landfill in Qingshui ditch is located in 7.5 km north of the Xundian County, about 5 km to the old landfill. Specific location details see the attached map. (2) Geology and Landform

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At proposed landfill site, there is landslide, mud-rock flow, collapse and adverse geological movement, and the foundation of soil mainly includes the Qe1 + d1 and D3zg without cave and hole during investigation, and its foundation is very stable. (3) Weather and Climate The altitude of the proposed landfill is 2060 m and the average annual rainfall is 1004.5 mm, and the average annual evaporation is 2099 mm with rainfall of 137.1 d / a, maximum temperature of 33.4 ° C, minimum temperature of -13.9 ° C, and maximum wind speed of 10 m/s. (4) Water System Project area is located between the Xiaojiang River and Niushan River. Its west and north belong to the Xiaojiang river system; its east and south belong to the Loushan river system. The watershed of the Xiaojiang river and Niushan river nears the 213 State Road of 54 km .Gongshan river belongs to the Xiaojiang river, the runoff area is 86 Km2, the main river is 19 km long, the river average slope is 0.95%, the average width of riverbed is 15 m. Gongshan river is classified as Class III water currently, and its water quality is better. According to Yunnan function of surface water, Xiaojiang river is classified as Class IV water. (5) Hydrological and Geological Conditions Water at proposed site is the fourth stratigraphic stranded in water, and it is recharged by precipitation. There is no hydraulic factors to let it flow in stratigraphy over the silty clay layer, and groundwater will not affect surrounding area. According to enginnering exploration report, foundation of the proposed site is stable, and geological condition is good, except the need for artificial infiltration prevention, all other conditions are suitable for the construction of landfill..

4.2.3.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Xundian County has 6 towns and 11 townships. In 2005, the county's population reached 505,351; the gross product of the county was 171.32 million yuan. Landfill Site located in Qingshuigou Village. The total population of the villages is 42, 14 family. The main crops are rice, maize, wheat, tobacco, and so on.

4.2.3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Monitoring results of present environmental quality in Xundian County are shown in Table 4.2-5 as follows. The details of monitoring data see in attachment.

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Table 4.2-5 Monitoring Result of Present Environmental Quality Environmental Item Content Element Monitoring Time 2006 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Xundian County Institution Monitoring site City Building Environmental Protection Edifice of Xundian County Monitoring PM , SO , NOx air Factors 10 2 Standard Secondary Standard in GB3095-1996 Performed Over 96% of air in Xundian County met standard in 2006, and air quality in Monitoring assessment area could achieve secondary standard in Result GB3095-1996 Monitoring Time 2006 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Xundian County Institution Monitoring Gongshan river Section Monitoring SS, pH, COD, BOD , NH -N, Total Phosphorus, Volatilization Phenols Factors 5 3 Monitoring 3 days, once a day, take water sample once in a.m. and p.m., detection Surface water Frequency after mixing Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual> Method Standard III Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> Performed According to monitoring result, surface water quality in assessment area Monitoring can achieve III Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Result Standard> Monitoring Time 2007.06.18~2007.06.20 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Xundian County Institution Monitoring Groundwater emerging point Section Monitoring pH, SS, COD , BOD , NH -N, Total Coliform, Total Hardness Factors Mn 5 3 Monitoring 3 days, once a day Groundwater Frequency Analysis HJ/T164-2004 < Groundwater Environmental Monitoring Technical Method Manual> Standard III Standard in GB/T14848-93 Performed Monitoring groundwater quality at monitoring sites is basically beyond the limit. Result

Reason High content of NH3－N, CODMn is due to human activity and farmland Analysis fertilizer application Noise Monitoring Time 2007.06.21 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Xundian County Institution Monitoring 1 point in east, weat, south, north of the bound respectively, 1 point in Point Qinggou Monitoring Equivalent concatenation sound value Factors Monitoring Monitoring a day in 16:00 and 22:30 Frequency

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2 Standard in GB3096-93 Standard II Standard in GB12348-90

noise at proposed site can achieve II Standard in GB12348-90 Result noise in Qinggou can achieve 2 Standard in GB3096－93 Present sooil soil erosion situation in proposed landfill site is light Erosion situation Present Ecological Vegetation in project site is mostly shrub and grass, besides a little dryland vegetation Environment and pine forest situation Flora and funna No wild flora and fuuna species protected at country- and province-level in situation proposed site area

4.2.3.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targets are listed in Table 4.2-6.

Table 4.2-6 List of the Environmental Protection targets

No. Environmental protection targets Distance, orientation Function

1 Qingshuigou village 1200m, Southeast Area of social attention

2 Yiqimo 3500m, Southwest Area of social attention

At surrounding area of proposed site, there is no special protected area, ecologically sensitive area, natural habitat, cultural resources in material form, international watercourse and dam.

4.3 ENVIRONMENT OVERVIEW OF DALI CITY (ERHAI)

Projects in Dali are located in Dali City, Eryuan town and Erhai Lake Basin. Their natural environment and social environment profiles are summarized as follows.

4.3.1 Dali City Sub-project in Dali under Yunnan Urban construction project using World Bank loan is construction of Dali urban drainage pipeline, which covers Dali old-town, Fung-yee district, tourism resort and XiZhou Town.

4.3.1.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geographic Location Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture is in northwest Yunnan Province, east to Erhai, west to Diancang mountain with geographical coordinates of east longitude 98 52 ～101 01 .

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The Prefecture has one city and 11 towns. Dali city is located at the edge of Lake Erhai， and is about 398km apart from Kunming, the capital of Yunnan. Dali old-town is located at Dali dam, between Shangguan and Xiaguan, east to Erhai, west to Cang Mountain, is 13km south to Shangguan of Dali center. Xizhou town is located at the north of Dali city, and is one of the nine towns of Dali city. It is 32km apart from Xiaguan, including Xizhou ancient town, Zhou Chengji town and villages along the line. The tourist Resort of Dali is located at Dali city , The focus of planning is foothills region of Cang Mountain,north to Lingquan river in the silver bridge,south to TingMing river,east to national road 214, west to Cang Mountain,is about 2200m height above sea level. FengYi town is located at the south of Dali, is about 11km apart from the city proper of Dali.east to Binju township of Binchuan prefecture and Xiangbin township of Xiangyun county, south to Hongyan township of Midu county, west to Yongjian township and Tianjing village of Shijiao township of Yi and HUI folk autonomous county called Dacang, nouth to Haidong town, northwest to Erhai, is the 6km coastline of the lake. See the attached map about specific place in detail. (2) Geology and Landform Dali city belongs to plateau basin topography. This is total feature with northwest highness, Southeast low, surrounded by mountain, midterm low. Most of mountains is North-south trend, alternating with alpine, lake, basin and hill. West to Diancang Hills of the southern end of Hengduan Mountains, East to the South Engage of Jizu Mountain with Diaocao hill, Zhemo hill, Feng hill, Dingxi hill and so on in the south. Boson is Erhai and Erhai Lake Basin dam that is from 1966m to 2100m height, in which focus areas of the full city economic and social activities Xizhou town is located at the north of Dali, west to Cang Mountain, east to Erhai, with the landform of West High and East Low. There is abundant rainfall within the scope of the town, studdeding with the lakes, rivers and streams - intensive distribution. The basic strike is from west to east into the Erhai Lake along DianCang mountain. Dali tourist resort, the region of Dali college, is located at the north of Dali city, west to Cang Mountain, east to Erhai lake, comes into Erhai lake along Cang mountain with the topography of northwest High and southeast Low. The most area of Fengyi town is located in Bolo river basin. It forms the Basin because of that is surrounded by mountains and tilts to the central and northwest section. The top is Jiuding mountain that is 3117m height above sea level in the southeast. Center-north is Ping dam that is gradually widened from south to north along Bolo river until it extends to the edge of Erhai Lake.

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(3) Weather and Climate Dali city belongs to north subtropic plateau monsoon climate. The average temperature of the dam area is 15.1°C and rainfall is 1078mm that is concentrated in the May-October. The average and highest wind speed respectively is 2.3m/s and 40m/s in the ancient city of Dali, in which they are more than 56 days when wind speed is 17 m/s in the year. Dali perennial dominant wind direction is to the southwest. (4) Water system Dali City is located in the watershed area of Jinsha River, Lancang River and Red River. At the same time, most parts of area belong to Lancang River that its runoff area accounts for 98.75% of the city's total area. There are 25 main rivulets in the resident, of which the famous rivers comparatively are The 18 rivulets of Cang mountain. Each of rivulets from upper reach all has the very steep gradient and riverbed is cut seriously, which causes the Cang mountain natural landscape with the ravines, the same Same-gully and Smooth downstream slope, and then into the Erhai Lake.

4.3.1.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Dali of Yunnan is one of the earliest cultural birthplaces. Now it has become the transport hub of the western Yunnan, state famous Historical and Cultural City, national city advanced culture and excellent Chinese Tourism City. In accordance with the request of the government of Yunnan Province, Dali city will base itself upon Dali, radiate western Yunnan, establish the general concept of urban construction, in order to make Dali as a central city of western Yunnan Center.

4.3.1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Monitoring results of present environmental quality at landfill site in Luqian county is shown in Table 4.3-1. Specific monitoring data are listed in Annex.

Table 4.3-1 Monitoring Result of Present Environmental Quality Environmental Item Content Element Atmosphere Monitoring Time 2006 Environment Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Dali Institution Monitoring site City Building Environmental Protection Edifice of Dali Monitoring PM , SO , NOx Factors 10 2 Standard Secondary Standard in GB3095-1996

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performed 100% of air in Luqian county met standard in 2006; ari quality in Monitoring assessment area can reach secondary standard in GB3095-1996. Monitoring Time 2007.04.16~2007.04.18 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Dali Institution Monitoring The river beside the village Section Monitoring Flow rate, pH, COD, BOD5, NH3-N, Total Phosphorus Surface water Factors Environment Monitoring Monitoring 3 days, once a day, take water sample once in a.m. and p.m., Frequency detection after mixing Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method Standard IV Standard om GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> performed Monitoring urface water quality in Zhangjiu river can meet IV standard in Result GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> Monitoring Time 2007.04.18 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Dali Institution Monitoring Groundwater beside the village Section Monitoring COD, NH3-N, Cyanide, As, Ni, Mn, Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Total Factors Phosphorus, Volatilization Phenols Monitoring Groundwater once a day, one water sample Environment Frequency Analysis HJ/T164-2004 Standard III Standard in GB/T14848-93 Performed Monitoring all other indicators, except Ni, can meet III standard in There waw no Ni pollution source in project area; the reason for high Ni Reason Analysis content in groundwater was due to high Ni content in soil. Monitoring Time 2007.04.17 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Dali Institution Monitoring site The back of storage yard Monitoring Equivalent concatenation sound value Noise Factors Environment Monitoring Monitoring a day in 16:00 and 22:30 Frequency Standard 1 Standard in GB3096-93 Performed Monitoring noise can meet 1 Standard in GB12348-90 Present Soil slight Erosion situation Present The land in project area is and ecosystem is mainly cultivated land planted Ecological vegetation with wheat and pease. Environment situation Present flora No wild flora and funna species protected at national and provincial levels and funna at project site situaiton

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4.3.1.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targets are listed in Table 4.3-2.

Table 4.3-2 List of the Environmental Protection targets Environmental protection No. Project area Distance, orientation Function targets 1 Wuhua community 15m to pipeline network Residential area 2 Yuer community 15m to pipeline network Residential area 3 Kuige community 15m to pipeline network Residential area 4 Yincang community 15m to pipeline network Residential area 5 Yuexi village 15m to pipeline network Residential area 6 Guoziyuan 60m to pipeline network Residential area 7 Dali first middle school 30m to pipeline network School 8 Dali fourth middle school 30m to pipeline network School Old town 9 Dali first vocational school 25m to pipeline network School 10 Dali first elementary school 25m to pipeline network School Dali second elementary 11 30m to pipeline network School school 12 60 hospital 25m to pipeline network Hospital 13 Dali second hospital 30m to pipeline network Hospital Dali second Chinese 14 25m to pipeline network Hospital medicine hospital pipeline network 15 Xizhou market town Residential area circumference pipeline network 16 Chengbei village Residential area circumference South and north end of 17 Chengdong village Residential area pipeline network pipeline network 18 Xizhou Town Xianglong village Residential area circumference pipeline network 19 Sili village Residential area circumference 20 Dali second middle school 20m to pipeline network School 21 Xizhou elementary school 20m to pipeline network School 22 Xizhou town middle school 25m to pipeline network School 23 Xizhou town hospital 25m to pipeline network School 24 Lvyu residential district 25m to pipeline network Residential area 25 Xuefu residential district 20m to pipeline network Residential area 26 Wenxian residential district 20m to pipeline network Residential area 27 Minshi residential district 20m to pipeline network Residential area Dali tourit resort 28 Nanmen village of Dali town 50m to pipeline network Residential area 29 Dali colleage 20m to pipeline network School 30 Dali finance school 30m to pipeline network School 31 Dali fifth middle school 25m to pipeline network School pipeline network 32 Fengyi district Residential area circumference 33 Dali third middle school 30m to pipeline network School 34 Fengyi Town Fengyi third middle school 20m to pipeline network School Fengyi central elementary 35 35m to pipeline network School school 36 Fengyi central hospital 25m to pipeline network Hospital

The special protection area involved in Dali urban drainage pipeline network is Erhai Lake, and involved material and cultural resources are shown in Table 4.3-4. The International Watercourse involved is the water body of the export of Erhai Lake. That is a anabranch

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called Xi’er river of Lancang River, the distance of which is about 460km from International Watercourses.

Table 4.3-3 Special Protection Area, Ecologially Sensitive Area and Natural Habitat Environmentally Main protection city sub-project name Type or Grade sensitive site targets

Dali urban drainage pipeline Grade II water Dali Erhai lake National natural reseve network body

Table 4.3-4 Cultural Resources in Material Form Project Cultural Resources in Material Form area Name Location Protection level City historical and cultural sites under South city tower 20m government protection City historical and cultural sites under North city tower 20m government protection City historical and cultural sites under East city tower 20m government protection City historical and cultural sites under West city tower 20m government protection Provincial historical and cultural sites under Marshal mansion for Duwenxiu 55m government protection State historical and cultural sites under Xiyun academy 20m government protection Revolutionary martyr memorial City historical and cultural sites under 50m monument government protection Old City historical and cultural sites under Catholic church 30m downtown government protection City historical and cultural sites under Christian church 25m government protection City historical and cultural sites under Zhongxi acedamy 20m government protection City historical and cultural sites under Puxian temple 30m government protection City historical and cultural sites under Jiang ancestral temple 20m government protection City historical and cultural sites under Dali town god temple 30m government protection City historical and cultural sites under Confucian Temple great city gate 50m government protection City historical and cultural sites under Wumiaozhaopi (kind of wall) 25m government protection Xizhou National key historical and cultural sites under Xizhou baifolk house building group 25m town government protection National historical and cultural sites under Family Yan courtyard 30m government protection National historical and cultural sites under Family Dong courtyard 25m government protection National historical and cultural sites under Family Yang courtyard 30m government protection National historical and cultural sites under Family Zhao courtyard 25m government protection National historical and cultural sites under Family Yin courtyard 25m government protection Daci temple 30m National historical and cultural sites under

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Project Cultural Resources in Material Form area Name Location Protection level government protection National historical and cultural sites under Cangyi library 50m government protection National historical and cultural sites under Yangzhuoran courtyard 30m government protection Daqing tree 50m More than 500 year history

4.3.2 Eryuan County Eryuan County’s World Bank Loan Project includes MSW collection and disposal project, WWTP and associated pipeline network project in Dengchuan Township

4.3.2.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geography Location Eryuan County is located in the north of Bai Autonomous Prefecture in Dali city,east longitude 99°32′-100°20’, north latitude 25 ° 41'-26 ° 16'. East links Heqing and Binchuan , south to Dali City and Yang Bei county , West to Yunlong county, North to Jianchuan County. County’s total area is 2875 km2. The distance of Yu lake town is 471km from Kunming, the provincial capital. The proposed landfill site is located at the southwest direction of Eryuan county, in the west of LongMen and Hesong road, 4.1km from Dragon gate villages, 10km from urban area of the town. Simple highway directly accesses to the field from the county. Dengchua township is located in the south of Yun-ling in Eryuan county. The topography is the northwest high and the southeast trough.Dengchuan town’s planning range includes the mountain terrain, east to Luoshi river, south to the village committee sector, west to the village committee sector called Jiuzhou, north to Sannan village, and its total area is about 2.5km2. WWTP is located at Zhonghe village committee of Dengchuan Township near Lianhe village. Location details see the attached map. (2) Geology and Landform Eryuan is located in Yun-ling south, and its terrain is from the northwest to southeast tilt with three main mountain environment of north-south orientation. The proposed landfill site is a low Zhongshan funnel-shaped concave feature with keeping away from the villages, low vegetation coverage rate and a little of slope. Proposed WWTP is presently farmland with main crops as garlic, broad beans, corn, pear orchard and others. (3) Weather and Climate

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Eryuan County climate is the north-subtropical plateau monsoon climate,with the average temperature of 14.5°C, the perennial dominant wind direction of the southwest wind , the average wind from speed donkey's years of 1.9m/s, the highest wind speed of 11m/s. Its annual rainfall is 800-1100mm, but the evaporation is 2181.5mm. (4) Water system Most of Eryuan County’s rivers in which the major rivers contain Mi JU River, Luo Shi River, Yong An River and lakes contain HaiXI lake, CiBi lake, Xi Lake belong to Lancang water system. Mi Ci River and Feng YU River are the main source of Mi Ju River that enters into Erhai Lake from north to south by You Suo to Jiang Wei River. The proposed landfill site has the surface runoff ditch of very small catchment area in the south. At the same time, the ditch water flows into Chong Dang River, and than enter into Feng Yu River. Yong’an River, Luo Shi River and Mi Ju River flows into Erhai Lake through Dengchuan town. Luo Shi River that mainly supplies for farmland irrigation of You Suo, Dengchuan and Shang Guan is one of the important water supplies of Erhai Lake with irrigation, drainage, and other functions. One of the major rivers is Yong River that its main function is water supply for Erhai Lake. (5) Hydrological and Geological Conditions The project field of the proposed garbage dump is a regional stability zone because of having never the fault, the aplasia of geological disasters, weak stratigraphic permeability and smaller impact on groundwater. It is not easy to form debris flow because of Gully has overgrown weeds and smaller surface runoff flow. The scene investigation, dew point of groundwater is equipped in and around landfill sites.

4.3.2.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Eryuan County sets up 6 township and 4 township. The total population is 274983, and the GNP is ￥1,000,960,000 till the end of 2005. Major agricultural production is rice, corn, wheat, rape and tobacco in Eryuan. Status quo total population is 17826 people and gross output value of industry and agriculture is ￥52.95 million till the end of 2005 in Dengchuan. The town focuses on the development of milk livestock industry, breweries, agricultural machinery production, agricultural processing circulation industry, aquaculture, catering services and so on. A sewage treatment plant located at Zhonghe village committee of Dengchuan township near Lianhe village. There are 497 people in Lianhe village, in which the main agricultural crops are rice, garlic, broad beans and corn.

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4.3.2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Present environmental quality situation in Eryuan County is shown in Table 4.3-5. Specific monitoring data are listed in Annex.

Table 4.3-5 Monitoring Result of Present Environmental Quality Environmental sub-project Dengchuan WWTP and its pipeline Eryuan MSW disposal Element name network The landfill is located in mountainous Site of WWTP is in rural area, no Atmosphere Present area, without air pollution sources, industries nearby and air pollution Environment situation and air quality is good sources. Air quality is good Yundang river, Fengyu river, Cibi River name Luoshi river river Monitoring 2007.02.06~2007.02.07 2007.01~2007.03 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Environmental Monitoring Station of Institution Dali Dali Monitoring Yundang river section, Fengyu river Luoshi river: Shaping bridge Section section, Cibi river section section, Lianhua Village section Monitoring pH, COD, BOD , TN, TP, NH -N, pH, COD, BOD , NH -N, 5 3 Factors 5 3 Pb, Cd Monitoring 2 days, once a day, take Surface water Monitoring 2007.01~2007.03 water sample once in a.m. and p.m., Environment Frequency Once a month detection after mixing Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method Standard II Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> performed According to the GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> II Monitoring Standard, Yundang river, Fengyu Luoshi river: under V Standard Result river, Cibi river can reach the Standard.

noise in landfill can achieve 1 Site of WWTP is in rural area, no Noise Present Standard in GB12348-90

Present Soil Erosion serious Slight situaiton

Present The land in project area is dry land, Ecological The plant of the region was damaged Vegetation and ecosystem is mainly cultivated Environment very seriously situaiton land planted with wheat and pease.

present flora and funna No rare flora and funna No rare flora and funna situation

4.3.2.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targets are listed in Table 4.3-6.

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Table 4.3-6 List of the Environmental Protection Targets Environmental Distance, No. Sub-project name Function protection targets orientation Shanglongmen 1300m 1 Residential area village Southeast 1500m, 2 Dasongdian village Residential area Eryuan MSW disposal northwest 3 Yundang village 800m, south Surface water 1500m, 4 Fengyu river Surface water Southeast 5 Denchuan WWTP and associated Lianhe village 400m, east Residential area 6 pipeline network Luoshi river 600m, south Surface water

The sub projects in ErYuan don’t involve cultural resources in material form and dam, but involve a special protection area, Erhai Lake. The International Watercourses is the water-body from Erhai Lake. That is the tributary of Lancang River, called Xi’er River, the distance of which to International Watercourses is about 460km.

4.3.3 Erhai Lake Basin The sub-projects in Erhai lake basin include: z Control of village non-point pollutin in Erhai lake basin z Overall regulation of major rivers flowing into Erhai lake basin, including Yongan river, Miyi river, Luoshi river, Boluo river and Eighteen streams of Cang mountain.

4.3.3.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geographical Location Erhai lake basin is located at the dividing range area of Lancang river, Jinsha river and yuan river, belongs to the river system of Langcang river and Meigong river, stride across the Dali city and the Eryuan town. The surface is 2565km2. The geographical coordinate is between the longitude 99°32′-100°27′and Latitude 25°25′-26°16′. Yongan River is in the southeast of Eryuan town and in the east of Miyi river of Dengchuan dam. The east borders on Heqing town, the south is the way of entering Erhai, the west is the Miyi River, and the north is the Tianma Mountain that divides the Eryuan and the Dengchuan dam into two different parters. The surface of whole drainage area is about 110.25 km2, which takes up 42.98% of the Erhai drainage area. Miyi River locates in the north of Erhai, is major part of the Erhai drainage area. The administrative district of the drainage area are the Niu street, Three ying, Fengyu, Yuhu, Cibi, Yousuo, Dengchuan of the Eryuan town and the Shangguan town of Dali city, Geographical position is between longitude 99°51′～100°06′ and latitude 25°07′～26°26′ The Heqing is abutted its′ east, Erhai is in the south of it, the west is the Qiaohou of the Eryuan town and Liantie, the north abuts Jianchuan.

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Luoshi river belongs to river system of Miyi river, locate in the west of Miyi river, between longitude 100°03′-100°10′ and latitude 25°56′-26°04′, is one of three rivers in the north of the Erhai that doing into the Erhai and important source of runoff of the Erhai. The Luoshi river originates from the juncture of the Zhonghe village and the Zhaoyi village, The upriver belongs to the Eryuan town and the downriver belongs to the Dali city. The Luoshi river fluids from the north to the south, the whole length is 18.29km（including the length of the Xi lake 3.3km）, After flowing across Yousuo, Dengchuan, Shangguan, the river goes into the Erhai. It is a multifunctional river channel in Eryuan town and the Shangguan town of the Dali city that irrigates farmland and eliminates water logging. The Boluo River is in the popedom of Fengyi town of the Dali city, belongs to the Langcang river system of the southeast of Erhai. The Boluo river emanates from the Houshan village of the Dingxi hill. The whole length is 17.5km（From the Sanshao reservoir to the way of Manriver entering sea, the surface is 291.3 km2. The Eighteen streams of Cang mountain is in the popedom of the Dali city, emanates from Cang mountain, flows from the west to the east and enters the Erhai, begins with the Xiaguan in the south and ends in Dengchuan, the length is 45km，the width is 6~7km. (2) Hydrological Situation Erhai lake belongs to the river system of Langcang River and Meigong River. There are about 117 rivers in this area. They are Yongan River, Miyi River, Luoshi River, Boluo River, Xier River, Fengyu River, and Eighteen streams of cang mountain ECT. There are Erhai, Cibi Lake, Haixi Sea, Xi Lake, and ECT in this drainage area. The annual average rate of surface runoff of the Erhai area is 15×108m3. The major makeup water of the Erhai is atmospheric water and rivers entering the lake. The Cibi Lake, Xilake, and The Haixi Sea are in the north of the Erhai, respectively pass the Miyi River, the Luoshi River, Yongan River, pass across the Eryuan basin, Dengchuan basin, and enter the Erhai. Among them, the Miyi River is the biggest one. The surface of water is 1389km2, the average precipitation for several years is 5.1×108m3, which takes up 57.1% of the total runoff of the entrance of lake. Rivers, for example ,the west Cang mountain 18 Rivers, the south Na Bolo river, the east HaiChao river, FengWei River, Yu Long River and so on ,enter into Erhai.The single nature river out of lake is the Xier river, the length is 23km and flows into the Heihui river in the Pingpo village of the Yangbi town, flows to the Langcang river, enters the Meigong river. (3) Aquatic Ecological Environment There are 33 species of fish such as Yellow-shell carp，Squid，Carp and so on in Erhai Lake; Shrimp has little shrimp and Japan prawn; there are more than 50 kinds of hydrophilic vascular bundle plants such as Edible seaweed flower, hard grass, Bitter grass, red grass, etc.; there are 192 kinds of phytoplankton, which consisted mainly of the diatom door, the blue algae door and green algae door and 13 kinds of gastropods such as Bellamya purificata,

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Square-Ring LengLuo, etc.; there are nine kinds of lamellibranch such as River Mussels, Portland clams; there are 108 kinds of zooplankton and nine kinds of zoobenthos. In recent years, the chlorophyll and algae rise steadily in Erhai Lake and algae community structure has also changed from the typical community structure of poor-middle nutrition with the main hidden algae door and diatom door in the early 1990s now to the typical eutrophy types of community structure with the dominant position of Blue algae. Evaluation of biological indicators has reached to eutrophy type. Among aquatic plants in Yongan river, there are submerged plants, emerging plants and floating plants, and the main kinds are Huwei slgae, hornwort, hart grass, hyacinth, reed, etc... The common mainly animal are the familiar fishes, such as carp, crucian carp and shrimp, etc... There is better quality in aquatic ecological environment. Miju River is the sandy bottom and has not reeds growth in the river, only existing small amounts of potamogeton crispus and eyes vegetables in the bay and shoal, there have not fishes in the river at some areas, only presencing small amounts of crabs and flat-head fishes, etc... Eco-environmental quality in water is general.

4.3.3.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Erhai basin is an economically developed area in Dali Bai autonomous prefecture. Erhai basin includes Dali city and Eryuan County where there are 18 villages and towns. The Erhai total population is 854,800 people. It was not engaged in agricultural the population is 225,600 people, accounted for the total number of people 26.4%. In the Erhai area, the economy mainly is the agriculture, the animal husbandry, the fishery, the tourism and the electric power industry.

4.3.3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (1) Regular Monitoring Regular monitoring sites：In the Erhai Lake, the CIBI Lake, the Haixihai Lake, the Xihu Lake and 10 entrances, the Dali state environmental monitoring station has established the test point. Monitoring Frequency：In 2001 ~2005, every year each month one sampling Monitoring Factors：DO, CODMn, BOD5, NH3-N, Volatility phenol, cyanide, hydrargyrum, arsenic, Cr6+, Copper, Lead, Cadmium, Total phosphorus, Fluoride (2) Temporary Monitoring In order to investigate thoroughly Cangshanshiba River the water quality present situation, the Dali state environmental monitoring station carries on the stationing monitor.

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Monitoring sites：In the seaport and Shanqingkou of Shibaxi River, the Dali state environmental monitoring station altogether sets up 36 test points. Monitoring Frequency：In 2007, on August 1 to 6th, the Dali state environmental monitors the station continual sampling monitors three days. Every day The Dali state environmental monitoring station sampling. Monitoring Factors：pH, NH3-N, TN, TP, CODMn, DO, BOD5 Water pollution situation in each lake and river of Erhai lake basin is shown in table 4.3-7

Table 4.3-7 Water Pollution Situation River (lake) Water Protection Present water Main Water quality change Trend Name type quality pollutants In 2001~2005, the organic contamination was increase, GB3838-2002II GB3838-2002III poison contamination keep Erhai Lake TP, TN standard water standard water relative stability, total phosphorus and total nitrogen keep relative stability, but with downtrend. In 2001~2005, the organic GB3838-2002II GB3838-2002V contamination keep relative TP, TN, West Lake standard water standard water stability, but very serious; poison CODMn, BOD5 contamination has uptrend. In 2001~2005, the organic contamination was less with GB3838-2002 II GB3838-2002III Cibi Lake uptrend, and poison TP, TN Standard water standard water contamination was less with relative stability. GB3838-2002IIs GB3838-2002II The organic contamination and Haixi Lake TP tandard water standard water poison contamination were less. The organic contamination was GB3838-2002 II GB3838-2002V Luoshi River increase, poison contamination TN, COD Standard water standard water Mn keep relative stability. The organic contamination was GB3838-2002 II GB3838-2002IV Miju River increase, poison contamination BOD , TP Standard water standard water 5 keep relative stability. The organic contamination was GB3838-2002 II GB3838-2002V Yongan River increase, poison contamination DO, TN, COD Standard water standard water Mn was increase too. The organic contamination and GB3838-2002 II GB3838-2002V Boluo River poison contamination were TP, TN Standard water standard water increase. Cangshan GB3838-2002 II GB3838-2002 V Eighteen Standard water standard water River

(3) Sludge Monitoring Overall regulation of Miju River involves river dredging. In order to find the features of sludge caused by dredging, Dali Environmental Monitoring Station took some samples and conducted analysis on them, and got the content of heavy metals in sludge. Specific Sampling and Analysis are displayed in table 4.3-8.

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Table 4.3-8 Sludge Sampling and Analysis Project name Overall regulation of Miju River, Dali. Content 2007.3.5 Monitoring Time 2007.7.9. Monitoring, Sampling Environmental Monitoring Station of Dali Institution Monitoring, Cibi Lake section, Jiangwei bridge section, Miju River Yousuo section, Miju River Dengchuan Sampling section, Miju River Section Monitoring, pH, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, As Analysis Factors pH—GB/T6920-1986 glass electrode method Analysis Pb, Zn—GB/T17138-1997 flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry Method Cu, Cd—GB/T17141-1997 graphite oven atomic absorption spectrophotometry As—silver diethyl dithio carbamate spectrophotography

Specific monitoring and sampling sections are shown in attached map. The monitoring results of sludge is shown in table 4.3-9. The evaluation criteria are GB4284-84 < pollutants control standards for agricultural sludge > and GB15618-1995 .

Table 4.3-9 Monitoring Result for Sludge in Overall Regulation of Miju River

Monitoring Factors pH Cu Zn Cd Pb As Monitoring site Miju River Yousuo section 9.18 46.0 64.6 <0.1 56.3 8.39 Miju River Dengchuan 8.45 44.0 65.3 <0.1 51.8 6.16 section

Miju River enter lake section 9.18 85.4 83.4 <0.1 52.1 14.66

Cibi Lake section 8.03 17.07 103.69 <0.025 <0.4 - Jiangwei bridge section 7.95 19.40 71.91 <0.025 40.53 6.362 GB4284-84 500 1000 20 1000 75 limit value (neutrality and alkali soil) Soil Environment Quality 100 250 0.6 300 25 Standard（pH6.5-7.5） reach the reach the reach the reach the Whether reach the standards reach the standards standards standards standards standards

Monitoring results show that the indicators of heavy metal pollutants , detected in all monitoring sections of the Miju River, are lower than the maximum allowable concentration in < pollutants control standards in the agricultural sludge > (GB4284-84), they can meet the secondary standards in （GB15618-1995）

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4.3.3.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targets are listed in Table 4.3-10.

Table 4.3-10 Lists of the Environmental Protection targets in Erhai drainage area Environmental No. Function Distance, orientation remark protection targets 1 Zhangjia Village Social attention area Village and its westside Xiasujiadeng Village and its westside, 2 Social attention area Shangguan Village eastside 3 Town Shang Village Social attention area Village and its westside 4 Qiaoxia Village Social attention area Village and its westside 5 Dapai Village Social attention area Village and its westside 6 Nanjing Village Social attention area Village and its eastside 7 Dawan Village Social attention area Village and its eastside Beijingzhuang 8 Xiaguan Social attention area Village and its eastside Village Town 9 Chongyi Village Social attention area Village and its eastside Suwuzhuang 10 Social attention area Village and its eastside Village Zhangjiadeng 11 Social attention area Village and its boundary Village Dongdeng 12 Social attention area Village and its boundary Village 13 Nandeng Village Social attention area Village and its boundary Yousuo Zhongdeng 14 Social attention area Village and its boundary Town Village 28 vilages related 15 Haitan Village Social attention area Village and its boundary to nonpoint source Qingshuitang pollution control 16 Social attention area Village and its boundary Village projects in Erhai Yousuojie drainage area 17 Social attention area Village and its eastside Village 18 Yuhu Town Jianggan Village Social attention area Village and its eastside 19 Yuexi Village Social attention area Village and its eastside Longkan Village and its southside, 20 Social attention area Village northside 21 Xiaoqin Village Social attention area Village and its eastside Village and its eastside, 22 Dali town Xiadui Village Social attention area northside Xiafengcheng 23 Social attention area Village and its eastside Village Dazhuang 24 Social attention area Village and its eastside Village 25 Fumeiyi Village Social attention area Village and its eastside Yinqiao Village and its southside, 26 Town Majiuyi Village Social attention area northside Wanqiao Xiangyang 27 Social attention area Village and its eastside Town Village Xizhou 28 Xiazuoyi Village Social attention area Village and its eastside Town Xidian village Around 500m of west 29 Social attention area committee bank of Mici river Xipo village Around 600m of west 30 Social attention area committee bank of Mici river Niujie Village Between Mici river and 31 Social attention area committee Yuejin river Datong Village Around 600m of east 32 Social attention area committee bank of Mici river Baita Village Around 500m to the east 33 Social attention area committee of Haixihai lake

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Longmen Village 34 Social attention area Haixihai lake surround committee Around 200m of east Shideng Village bank of Mici river, 35 Social attention area committee between Mici river and Yuejin river Gonghe Village 36 Social attention area Both sides of Miju river committee Xinlian Village 37 Social attention area Both sides of Miju river committee Lijiaying 1km to the west of ecological 38 Social attention area Yousuo town demonstration government Village Sanmucun 39 Village Social attention area Miju river boundary committee Zhongsuo 40 Village Social attention area Miju river boundary committee Yousuo Village 500m to the left side of 41 Social attention area committee Miju river Yonglian village 42 Social attention area Both sides of the river committee Jiutai Village 43 Social attention area Both sides of the river committee Wenqiang 44 Village Social attention area Both sides of the river committee Qingpang Village Around 30m to the west 45 Social attention area committee side of Miju river Yinqiao Village 46 Social attention area Both sides of Miju river committee 47 Majiayi Village Social attention area Miju river boundary 48 Qingsuo Village Social attention area Both sides of Miju river 49 Jiangwei Village Social attention area Both sides of Miju river 50 Hewei Village Social attention area Both sides of Miju river Yunnan provincial 51 Xihu lake Special protection region nature scenic area State nature 52 Haixihai lake Special protection region protection area State nature 53 Bibihu lake Special protection region conservation region National nature 54 Erhai lake Special protection region protection area List of Yunnan 55 Donghu lake Ecological wetland wetland name 56 Sanshao reservoir Special protection region Grade II water body 57 Xier river Internationalwaterway

4.4 OVERVIEW OF ENVIRONMENT IN LIJIANG AREA

Lijiang area projects are located in Lijiang City, Huaping County and Yulong County. Related natural environment and social environment overview were summarized as follows.

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4.4.1 Lijiang City

4.4.1.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geographical Location Lijiang city is in northwestern Yunnan Province, 502 km away from the provincial capital city Kunming. The location is between north latitude 25 ° 59 'to 27 ° 56' and east longitude 99 ° 23 '~ 101 ° 31'. In the east, there are Sichuan Liangshan Yi Nationality Autonomous County and Panzhihua City. In the south, there is Dali Bairace Autonomous Prefecture. In the western and north, there are Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture and the Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture respectively. No. 2 WWTP of Lijiang city is located in south of Lijiang Yang arch dam and in the east of Yanggong river, adjacent to Minru Jinshan Village, near Li Head road, and has perfect transport facilitation. Lijiang Municipal Solid Waste Landfill is located in the northeastern part of Lijiang city, in the side of Laoli-Yong road, 17km away from Lijiang City. Li - Ning Highway at south of the site 800m. The specific location details in the attached map. (2) Geology and Landform Lijiang is located in the Linked place of Qingzang Plateau and the Yungui Plateau, and the Yunling Mountains traverse it. Its terrain tilts from the northwest to southeast, being lower, with Yulong jokul as highest peak and eastern Jinsha River as lowest point. The south of Lijiang No. 2 WWTP is lower than that of north, and the terrain relatively flat. According to the preliminary exploration report on proposed landfill, there is no earthquake faults passing through. The proposed site is slope geomorphology with accumulation and without geological disasters and adverse geological phenomenon like as collapse, caverns, and landslides and so on, and is suitable for building. (3) Weather and Climate Lijiang city is in low latitude monsoon climate, with a unique mountain climate characteristic. The mean temperature is 12.6 ° C; the average rainfall is 945.5mm. The average annual evaporation is 1180.3mm, average humidity 63%. For perennial dominant westerly winds, with the average wind speed 3.3m/s. (4) Water System The rivers in Lijiang City belong tp Lancang River and Jinsha River. Lijiang City domain belongs to the Jinsha River and Lancang River. The mainstream of the Jinsha River 447km across Lijiang City domain with catchment area of 7016.6km2, and the

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average flow 1327.8 m3/s. There are 10 major tributaries River such as Longba River, Judian River, and Baishui River. Lijiang City domain has three tributaries of Lancang River such as Jiu River, Tanglang River, Yuan River, no main stream. The surface water of proposed WWTP belongs to Yanggong River basin upstream. Yanggong River is a tributary of the Jinsha River, which originate from Nanmi of Yulong jokul. The proposed landfill site belongs to the field of Jinsha River, and its surface water 12km into Jinsha River by the Cultre River. (5) Hydrological Situation According to geological survey report, the groundwater at Lijiang landfill site flows from west to east, then into culture River that is a tributary of the Jinsha River, and the site is in the convergence zone or discharge zones of groundwater district. This section of the region has no sensitive target, and the surrounding Villages are drinking mountain spring water, not drinking from groundwater. Hydrogeologic unit (from the waste treatment plant to the Culture river) without function of use and drink. (6) Ecological Environment Lijiang WWTP is located in in south of Lijiang Yang arch dam and in the east of Yanggong River, adjacent to Minru Jinshan Village, the original site for farmland. The main crops of cultivation in the project area are wheat, soybeans, corn and so on. There is agriculture as mainly activities in the vicinity of the proposed site and site, without endangered animals and plants. The proposed landfill is in the north-south orientation of "V"-shaped valley. There are preferably vegetation on both sides of Landfill Area hills, mainly to the secondary Yunnan pine and a little of low shrub. There are not arge-scale wild animals and rare plants for protection in the region for evaluation and its surrounding areas.

4.4.1.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Lijiang city administrates old town, Yulong Naxi Autonomous County, Yongsheng County, Huaping County, Ninglang Yi Nationality Autonomous County, with the population of 1137600 at the end of 2005, realizing regional GDP 6.033 billion yuan. No. 2 WWTP is located in Mingru village, Yangxi village committee of Jinshan township, and the pipeline network passes through the Dewei of Dongyuan Village. At the end of 2005, Yangxi Village has population of 3517 and Yangxi Village has 2500. The planting industries are farmers′mainly economic income, and with wheat, broad beans, rapeseed corn, rice, soybeans, etc as the main crops. The landfill is located in Wenhua village committee of Jinshan which governs a number of villages. The area under Culture’s jurisdiction is existing Villagers 3317, and the major

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economic revenue is depend on agriculture mainly, with various crops of wheat, corn and fruit, and others.

4.4.1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Present environmental quality situation in Lijiang County is shown in Table 4.4-1 as follows. The details of monitoring data see in attachment.

Table 4.4-1 Monitoring Result of Present Environmental Quality Environmental Sub-project Lijiang No.2 WWTP and drainage LIjiang MSW cleaning and disposal Element name pipeline network River name Yanggong river Wenhua river Monitoring 2006, 2007.06.14~16 2007.04.18~20 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Environmental Monitoring Station of Institution Lijiang City Lijiang City Monitoring Yanggong river section, The second Wenhua river section Section sewage disposal plant section. Monitoring pH, COD, BOD , NH -N, TP pH, COD, BOD , TN, TP, NH -N Factors 5 3 5 3 Surface water Monitoring Environment Six times one year Three days, once a day Frequency Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method Standard IV standard in GB3838-2002< III standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Performed Surface Water Quality Standard> Water Quality Standard> Yanggong river water cannot meet All sections can meet III standard in Monitoring IV Standard in GB3838-2002< GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Result Surface Water Quality Standard> Standard> except Gandiba triburary due to NH3-Nand TP with high COD. Reason Pollution from domestic waste water Rural non-point pollution and domestic

analysis in upstream waste water into Gandiba triburary Monitoring 2007.06.14~16 2007.04.19~20 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Environmental Monitoring Station of Institution Lijiang City Lijiang City Monitoring Well of Minru Village, Well of Dewei Louquan point Section Village Monitoring pH, COD , BOD , NH -N pH, COD , BOD , NH -N, NO -N Factors Mn 5 3 Mn 5 3 2 Groundwater Monitoring Three days continuously, one water Two days continuously, one water Environment Frequency sample one day sample one day Analysis HJ/T164-2004< Groundwater Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method Standard III Standard in GB/T14848-93< Groundwater Quality Standard> Performed All groundwater can meet III Monitoring standard except well water in All other indicators can meet III standard Result Minruxia village with total coliform except ph value being in alkaline status. exceeding standard well water in Minruxia village is Alkaline water is due to surrounding soil Reason seriously affected by human and rock layers, as there is no industries analysis activities and docmestic pollution sources nearby.

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4.4.1.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targets are listed in Table 4.4-2.

Table 4.4-2 List of the Environmental Protection Targets Environmental No. Sub-Project name Distance, orientation Function protection targets Residential 1 Dewei village 600m, northwest area Residential 2 Minru village 340m, west WWTP area Minru elementary 3 400m, west School school 4 Yanggong river 30m, west Surface water 80m, south of branch 5 County hospital Hospital pipe 50m, south of branch 6 Regional hospital Hospital pipe 150m, east of School Regional middle 7 reconstruction pipeline school network Lijiang No. 2 Regional heath 50m, east of branch School 8 WWTP and its school pipe drainage pipeline County eighth 100m, west of branch School 9 network middle school pipe Pipeline County 40m, south of branch 10 Government network government pipe Lijiang city 50m, south of branch 11 Government government pipe drinking watersource 12 Zhongjihai lake Branch pipe circle protection area Special 80m, east of branch 13 Qingxi reservoir protection pipe region Famous 14 Lijiang old twon Branch pipe circle scenic site Residential 15 Laozhgu 3500m, east area Lijiang MSW cleaning and Residential 16 disposal Yonghong village 1500m, northeast area 17 Wenhua river 1000m, north Surface water

4.4.2 Huaping County

4.4.2.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geographical Location Huaping County is located in the northwest of Yunnan, the east of Lijiang, the north shore of the middle of the Jinsha River, and located in the between of east longitude 100 ° 59 '~ 101 ° 31' , north latitude 26 ° 21 '~ 26 ° 57'. In the East, there is Panzhihua City in Sichuan Province, in the South, has Dayao, Chuxiong County and Yongren County, in the west ,being Huapin County ,in the north , Linglang County lies,.Huaping County is a connectible place between Sichuan and Yunnan provinces.

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County Highway away from the Administrative region of Lijiang 218 km, 428 km from the provincial capital Kunming, 74km from the Panzhihua City in Sichuan Province, is the important nodes of central Yunnan, western and northwestern Yunnan, western Sichuan transportation and Circular route of tourism. Center town that County government resident located is in the center of County, is the political, cultural, and economic center for the complete transport facilitation, economic prosperity, education, science and technology, culture, sports, sanitation. Huaping WWTP is located in an open area where eastern Shizi Bridge, eastern Yuronjiangg Town, Huaping County and western Rongjiangshisi. It is in the underwind of leading wind direction in the county, and there is no village around 100 meters of the site. The specific location details in the attached map. (2) Geology and Landform Huaping belongs to Zhongshan Mountain in the north-west of Yunnan. Its hypsography of Northwest is higher than that of Southeast, belonging to mountain terrain where it is being difficult terrain, a deep valley, and ravines interleaving. The proposed WWTPt is located in the area without adverse geological processes, which is suitable for construction of WWTP. (3) Weather and Climate Huaping has a scorching climate that belongs to Jinsha River valley subtropical climate, the average temperature of 19.8 ° C with an average annual rainfall of 1067.6mm; the average annual evaporation is 2881.5mm. Prevailing wind direction during the day is more southerly winds and prevailing northerly winds over night throughout the year, and the dominant wind direction for the northwest by north winds. (4) Water System Huaping County is in the Yangtze River of northwest Yunnan. The rivers in the Huaping belong in the Jinshajiang River and AGB Longjiang River, including 16 tributary rivers which into Xinzhang River, Wumu River and the hot springs River, and finally into the Jinsha River and Yalong River. The Xinzhuang River in the project region originates from Nanlu, Wupingzi Mountain, Tongda Village, throughout Huaping County from north to southeast and finally into Jinshan River near Yubatang River estuary. There are 68.9km long with catchment area of 1240km2, and the average flow 1327.8 m3 / s, and the county accounted for 59% of the total area. Its main function is agricultural irrigation and pollutant carrying. Heitang River is the main tributary, while Bianao River, Youyu River, Longquan River and Daxing River. Affected by rainfall, groundwater in Huaping has both large recharge capacity and large discharge volume.. (5) Ecological Environment

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Land in project area is is mainly for construction and agricultural use, and the artificial green land is the major type of vegetation. Project area is of a high degree of human development and human activities, has not the original natural vegetation, and wildlife more for the common types, without protection by the national and provincial rare and endangered species. Xinzhuang River is a shallow river, with significant seasonal changes for water flow.The river has been polluted a lot, and aquatic species and wetland species that live in along the river basin are very scarce, and more common types for the general, with no economic value of aquatic resources, as well as endemic and the protection of aquatic and wetland species.

4.4.2.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Huaping County governs 9 counties and 2 towns. By the end of 2005, the total population was 151172. Rongjiang town, where the project is located, governs five Villager committees, with a total population of 23,249. In 2005, the county industrial production output value reaches 533.29 million yuan, the total industrial output value of the Rongjiang Town reaches 56.956 million yuan, and the major crops are rice, maize, wheat, beans, watermelons, melons, etc..

4.4.2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Present environmental quality situation in Huaping County is shown in Table 4.4-3 as follows. The details of monitoring data see in attachment.

Table 4.4-3 Monitoring Result of Present Environmental Quality Environmental Item Content Element Monitoring Time 2004.12.25~30 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Huaping Institution Monitoring site Rongjiang town, Suba village, Wan village Monitoring TSP, PM , SO , NH Atmosphere Factors 10 2 3 Environment Standard Secondary Standard in GB3095-1996 Performed Monitoring All indicators, except PM10, meet secondary standard in GB3095-1996 Result PM10 in excess of standard is due to extensitve processing of local Reason Analysis agricultural products and extensive use of coal in people’s daily life Surface water Monitoring Time 2004.12.27~29 Environment Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Huaping Institution Monitoring Xinzhang river section, Liyu river section, Shilongba section Section Monitoring Flow rate, pH, COD, BOD , NH -N, total Phosphorus, Volatilization Phenols Factors 5 3 Monitoring Three days continuously, one water sample one day Frequency Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual >

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Environmental Item Content Element Method Standard IV Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> Performed Xinzhuang river can not reach IV Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Monitoring Water Quality Standard>, with water quality dropping to V and major Result pollutant as NH3-N. Pollution from urban domestic waste water and industrial waste water from Reason Analysis a few businesses Monitoring Time 2004.12.27 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Huaping Institution Monitoring site Rongjiang village nine team nine and ten team ten Monitoring Equivalent concatenation sound value Factors Noise Monitoring Monitoring a day in 16:00 and 22:30 Environment Frequency Standard II Standard in GB3096-93 performed noise in the daytime can achieve I standard in GB12348-90, but noise at night exceed the Result standard Reason Analysis Traffic noise

4.4.2.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targets are listed in Table 4.4-4.

Table 4.4-4 List of the Environmental Protection Targets Environmental protection No. Distance, orientation Function targets 1 Rongjiang town 2300m, northwest, a little bit west Residential area 2 Guojia village 2600m, southeast, a little bit south Residential area Rongjiang village Residential area 3 1260m, northeast, a little bit east committee Rongjiang village, group Residential area 4 720m, northeast, a little bit east 14 Rongjiang village, group Residential area 5 410m, southeast 11 6 Gaoze village, group 7 965m, southeast, a little bit east Residential area Rongjiang town 7 590m northwest, a little bit north School kindergarten 8 Xinzhuang river 80m, west Surface water

4.4.3 Yulong County

4.4.3.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geographical Location Yulong County is located in northeast Yunnan Province, and its geographical location is north latitude of 26°34′-27°46′, and east longitude of 99°23′-100°32′.It is 600km apart from the provincial capital. The east side is the ancient city, the Ninglang

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County, the Yongsheng County. South side is the Heqing County and the Jianchuan County, west side is the Lanping County and the Weixi County, because northern side is Yangtze River, separates the river with Zhongdian County and the Sichuan Muli County to face one another. The geographical position for details sees the attached figure. (2) Geology and Landform Yulong County is located in the south of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to traverse north the sierra and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau the cloud range sierra union department. The county is located in the south of Lijiang, and its terrain is relatively smooth. The county does not have geological disaster and obviously not the good geological phenomenon, for example the non- earth hole, the landslide and so on, belongs to the stable location. (3) Weather and Climate Yulong country has an annual mean temperature of 14.50C-15.50 ℃, and maximum monthly mean temperature is 18.0 ℃ with the lowest monthly mean temperature of 3.90 ℃ and yearly precipitation of 800-1100mm. (4) Water System Main river in Yulong new town is Yangjian River. The Yangjian River is Yangtze River's level of branches. The Yangjian River originates north the Lijiang area the Yulong snow foot of a hill Yulong Lake. There is a moat in the northern Yulong County seat. The moat is the Lijiang ancient city rain water collection pipeline, simultaneously also is one of the Yulong city flood prevention systems. In the Yulong County seat west side 400m is Qinglong River. Moreover west the county seat and northwest side is the Zhongji River, the Donggan River, Donghe River and the Yulonghe River and so on. Groundwater in planned Yulong County is the lacune diving. The subsoil water level is bigger along with the seasonal variation undulation. The water-bearing stratum is the powder sand body. (5) Ecological Environment Project area is in planned Yulong new town. The original vegetation coverage was quite low and original vegetation doesn’t exist any more.

4.4.3.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Yulong county governs 3 towns and 15 villages, and the newly planned county is in Huangshan town. In 2005, the county-wide total population is 2097710 people and realizes GDP is ￥626,250,000.

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4.4.3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Present environmental quality situaiton Yulong County is shown in Table 4.4-5 as follows.

Table 4.4-5 Monitoring Result of Present Environmental Quality Environmental Item Content Element Monitoring Time 2007.7.17~19 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Yulong county Institution Monitoring Yulong administration office area, Yulong Rejia, folk high school sites Atmosphere Monitoring TSP, PM , SO Environment Factors 10 2 Standard I Standard in GB3095-1996 Performed Monitoring All indicators meet 1 standard in GB3095-1996 According to , Surface water Monitoring water quality of Hucheng river can meet III standard in GB3838-2002 < Environment Result Surface Water Quality Standard>, but Yanggong river can not.

Monitoring Time 2004.7.17~19 Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Yulong county Institution Monitoring Yulong administration office area, Yulong Rejia, folk high school sites Monitoring Equivalent continuous sound level Sound Factors Environment Monitoring Monitoring 3 day at 16:00 and 22:30 Frequency Standard 1 Standard in GB3096-93 performed Monitoring noise in daytime and at night can meet I standard in GB12348-90

4.4.3.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targest are listed in Table 4.4-6.

Table 4.4-6 List of the Environmental Protection Targets

Environmental protection No. Distance, orientation Function targets

1 Ethnic middle school 8m, The west side of pipeline network School 2 Wutai elementary school 5m, the north side of pipeline network School 3 Shangji village 8m, The west side of pipeline network Residential area 4 Zhonghe village 8m, The west side of pipeline network Residential area 5 Minzhi village 5m , The east side of pipeline network Residential area 6 Administration area 10m, the north side of pipeline network Government unit 7 Yanggong river Project scope Surface water 8 Hecheng river (moat) The north end of pipeline network Surface water

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4.5 OVERVIEW OF ENVIRONMENT IN WENSHAN PREFECTURE

Wenshan projects are located at Wenshan county, Qiubei county, Malipo County, Funing County, Guanshan County, Guangnan County, Maguan County. Their natural and social environment are summarized as follows.

4.5.1 Wenshan County

4.5.1.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geographical Location Wenshan County is the capital of Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. East and south of Wenshan County is leading to Guangxi province and Vietnam. It is 140km away from National Tianbao port and 360km away from Kunming. Wenshan County is in the west of southeast Yunnan, with east longitude 103 ° 43'-104 ° 27 ', latitude 23 ° 16'-23 ° 44'. Wenshan County's east and north side connecte Yanshan County, the Wenshan County's south and Maguan County are the neighbors, the Wenshan County's Southeast borders on Xichou County, Wenshan County's west and the two county of Honghe state, which is Mengzi and Pingbian are neighbors. The Panlong river is the Wenshan people's mother river, the rivers by northwest flows to the southeast after Wenshan state, Yanshan County, Wenshan County, Maguan County, Xichou County, finally the national port of Malipo County to flow to Vietnam. The Panlong river of synthesizes renovates the project, which include Wenshan county seat sector, involve to the Binglie township, the Dehou thick town, the Hongdian township. Binglie township is located north the Wenshan County boundary. It is apart from the county seat 45 kilometers, the northeastern sides and the Yanshan County border, the south adjoins with Ma Tangzhen, the west and Hongdian Township is neighbour, north depends on 323 federal highways. The Dehou town is located northeast Wenshan County. The town east side is the Hongdian township, Matang township, south side is Laohuilong town, Le Shichong the township, west side is Mengzi County's Laozhai township and the Mingjiu township, the northwest is Yanshan County's Ashe Town and the Pingyuan town. Hongdian township located at Wenshan County domestic north, the attendance east longitude 108°56 ' - 104°51 ', the north latitude 23°35 ' - 23°42 ', is apart from the Wenshan county 50 kilometers, is apart from 323 federal highway 13.10 km. The Hongdian township east side holds the Binglie Township, south side is Matang town, west side is Dehou town, northern side is the Yanshan County's Zhuanyi town. (2) Geology and Landform

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Wenshan County has many mountains and many rivers, where flat area and highland occupies 10% each with remaining 80% as semi-hilly area. The panlong River flows from northwest to southeast, passing through the throughout. Within the boundaries the landform forms the both sides high along with the Panlung River, and the middle low corridor type terrain. The landforms are the biggest hill river valley. The county-wide mountainous region and the dam compare approximately are 9:1. (3) Weather and Climate Wenshan County belongs to the subtropics plateau monsoon climate. Wenshan County's annual mean temperature is 11.8℃~18.1℃ with yearly average precipitation of 1202mm. The leading wind direction in Wenshan is southeast with wind frequency of 54.7%, and mean annual wind speed of 2.7m/s. (4) Water System Wenshan County belongs to the Red River basin, Lujian river system. Panlong river is a master river enters a country from north. After Panlong River flows into core area, river export Change southeast to leave. After the Panlong river connection Lujian River, it merges Red River and belongs to the South China Sea Gulf of Tonkin sea area. The Panlong river span 253.1km, dropping variance 1803m, the rivers average slope 7.124 ‰. The Panlong river basin surface drainage mal developed, the main current both sides are extremely asymmetrical, the upstream right bank branch are many, the downstream left bank branch are many. The Panlong river water resources total quantity 2,673,000,000 m3, control runoff area 3128km2, multi-annual mean current capacity 26.3m3/s, corresponding water level 1263.14m. (5) Ecological Environment Corn and other economic crops are mainly planted in cultivated land in project area. There is small area of orchard and some barren hill, slope land and difficult-to-use land. Soil erosion is serious in Dehou town, Hongdian township and Binglie township, where native vegetation is destroyed seriously with obvious human disturbance, few vegetation types, low forest coverage and poor ability in ecological prevention. In Wenshan project area, there is no wild animals, and no rare and endangered animals protected at national level. The Panlong river`s fish of superiority is rich the economical and the ornamental type variety, but population quantity are few. The Panlong river's fish is not rare and precious and the unique fish and the migratory fishes.

4.5.1.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Wenshan County's land area is 2972km2. In Wenshan County, there are 8 town and 8 townships. At the end of 2005, county-wide total population 438976 people. Soil erosion regulation in Panlong river involved 17 village offices in Dehou town, Hongdian town and Binglie town. At the end of 2005, 3 towns total population 70695 people.

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In 2005, the county-wide GDP is RMB4,369,230,000. The industry is mainly agricultural and subsidiary product processing, metallurgy, building materials, mining, machinery, pharmacy and chemical industry and so on. Economic crops are mainly Panax Notoginseng, flue-cured tobacco, rape, peanut and so on. In 2005, total agricultural production in 3 towns was RMB125,310,000, with farmer’s net income per capita of RMB1303.

4.5.1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Present environmental quality situation in Wenshan County is shown in Table 4.5-1 as follows. The details of monitoring data is seen in attachment. Table 4.5-1 Monitoring Result of Present Environmental Quality Environmental Item Content Element Monitoring 2005 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Wenshan Institution Monitoring Wenshan post office, Environmental Monitoring Station of Wenshan Atmosphere Point Environment Monitoring TSP, PM , SO Factors 10 2 Perform Secondary standard in GB3095-1996 Standard Monitoring All indicators meet secondary standard in GB3095-1996 Times Panlong river Monitoring data Regular Monitoring Temporary Monitoring source Monitoring 2006 2007.6.21~22 time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Environmental Monitoring institution Wenshan Station of Wenshan Monitoring Nongren river, Huaqiao, Dongfanghong Panglong river, Panshui bridge, section plant, Tianbao farm Niutouzhai Monitoring DO, CODMn, BOD5, NH3-N, COD, Total Flow rate, pH, NH3-N, SS, COD, factors Phosphorus, Hg, Se TP, BOD5 Monitoring Two days continuously, one Once a month Surface water frequency water sample one day Environment Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical < Environmental Monitoring method Manual > Technical Manual > Nongren river and Tianbao farm: Standard GB3838-2002 III Standard. Panglong river: GB3838- 2002IV performed Dongfanghong plant, Tianbao farm: Standard. GB3838-2002 IV Standard. Water quality of Panglong river Each monitoring section in Panlong river in city area can not reach IV can not reach III standard in standard in GB3838-2002< Monitoring GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Surface Water Quality result Standard> with major pollution factor as Standard> with major pollution NH3-N. factors as NH3-N, BOD5, faecal coliform group

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4.5.1.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targets are listed in Table 4.5-2.

Table 4.5-2 List of the Environmental Protection targets Sub-project Environmental protection Distance, No. Function name targets orientation Wenshan state first middle 1 10m to the pipeline School school Wenshan state finance 2 20m to the pipeline School school Wenshan state maternity 3 10m to the pipeline Hospital and child care hospital physical culture middle 4 10m to the pipeline School school 5 Wenshan Wenshan state library 10m to the pipeline Government unit 6 county Wenshan state health office 10m to the pipeline Government unit 7 drainage Wenshan state health school 10m to the pipeline School pipeline County second elementary 8 10m to the pipeline School network school County hospital 10m to the pipeline Hospital County local taxation bureau 10 10m to the pipeline Government unit and hotel 11 State kindergarten 10m to the pipeline School County first elementary 12 20m to the pipeline School school State Chinese medicine 13 10m to the pipeline Hospital hospital 176m, southwest of 14 Huitu stockaded village Residential area riverway 30m, west of 15 Niutou stockaded village Residential area riverway Panzhihua shangxia 210m, southeast 16 Residential area stockaded village of riverway 220m, east of 17 Overall kangtai residential area Residential area riverway regulation of Wenshan county wolong first 120m, southwest of 18 Panlong river School middle school riverway (section in Wenshan state hospital, 180m, east of 19 Wenshan Hospital county) second hospital riverway Memorial site of new stone 1000m, southwest County cultural relic 20 age, Huitu stockaded village of riverway architecture Water and soil loss County cultural relic 21 Shique treatment scope architecture Its name changed to 22 Panlong river Project scope Lujiang, international waterway

4.5.2 Qiubei County

4.5.2.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geographical Location Qiubei County in Wenshan state is situated at southeast Yunnan, between east longitude 103°34 ' - 104°45 ', north latitude 23°45 ' - 24°28 '. East separates Qingshui River and Guangnan County borders on, west separates Nanpan River with the Honghezhou Maitreya

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religion, Lusi two counties to face one another, south side is Yanshan County and the Honghezhou Kaiyuan city, northern side is the Qujing Shizong County and the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Xilin County. The county is located in the Jingping town, is apart from provincial capital Kunming 280km, is apart from Wenshan state capital 114km. Proposde WWTP is located at Dagale village of Qiubei County. Water source of Qiubei water supply project is dragon pond in old town, which is located at Matoushan Office, 8km apart from Qiubei County. The newly built No.3 water supply plant is located at back mountain of Qiaotou village in Qiubei county. Overall regulation of Puzhehei Lake in Qiubei County is conducted in Puzhehei scenic spot area. The Puzhehei scenic spot area is away from provincial capital Kunming 280km, is apart from the Qiubei county approximately 11km.The Puzhehei scenic spot area's geographic coordinate is the east longitude 103°55 ' ~104°13 ', north latitude 24°05 ' ~24°12 '.Scenic spot area close neighbor provincial road seven river roads, there are good communications. The concrete position for details sees the attached figure. (2) Geology and Landform The Qiubei County takes an ellipse garden shape.Within the boundaries of Qiubei County, there are vertically and horizontally mountain ridge and profound river valley. The entire topography reduces gradually by the southwest to Northeast, assumes the stepped incline.Northeastern part rivers cutting is deep, elevation difference disparate big, the elevation height differs 1720m.bCounty-wide is one by the mountainous area region primarily. (3) Weather and Climate Qiubei County belongs to the subtropics plateau monsoon climate. Qiubei County's annual mean temperature is 13.2-19.7 ℃ . Qiubei County's annual mean precipitation is 1000~1270mm. (4) Water System Main rivers in Qiubei County are Qingshui River and Nanpan River. The Qingshui River upstream is the national AAA level Pu Blake traveling scenic spot. Qingshui River originates in Yanshan County returns to the dragon, after flowing through 8 townships, converges Nanpan River. Within the boundaries of Wenshan state, Qingshui river total length 181km, drainage area 4728 km2, multi-annual mean amount of runoff 2,005,000,000 m3.Qingshui river long 86km, runoff area 1005.81km2. Qingshui River converges Qingshui River finally.

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Within the boundaries of Qiubei County, the big lake is the Puzhehei Lake. There is Puzhehei lake area 4.83km2, stores water 13,000,000 m3. Within the boundaries of Qiubei County, the big reservoir is the Red Flag reservoir. The Red Flag reservoir's function is by irrigates primarily, the proper attention to flood prevention, the electricity generation, the traveling are a body's medium reservoir. The Red Flag reservoir's total storage is 54,000,000 m3. In the Puzhehei Lake District, altogether there are more than 80 lake groups. Lake divides into east area Shuiweisi the lake group and west the area Puzhehei lake group. The lake main water source is BaiLong Lake and Luoshuidong's karst underground water. The lake water flows in Qingshui River from the crab floodgate, pours into Nanpan River in Luoning County's Bada River. It belongs to the Pearl River basin West River system. The Puzhehwi Lake’s main water source has four rivers, as follows: the Yuezheda River, the Xingzhaidagou River, the Laojiugou River, and the Bailonghudigou River. These rivers which are the Zheyueda River and the Laojiugou are bad. (5) Ecological Environment In the Puzhehei Lake Basin, the main land type is the paddy field, the arid land, the forest land. The project needs land type: Farmland, open land, fish pond, lake shallow seas and tidelands and villages and small towns’ construction land four types. In the project area, the terrestrial animal has the birds, the minority small reptile, and not large-scale reptile. According to , in the project area, the birds which includes the protection is as follows: Ciconia boyciana (the rare kind, the national level I protection wild animal), Elanus caeruleus (the strange species, the national level II protection wild animal), Milvus migrans (the common kind, the national level II protection wild animal), Accipiter nisus (the common kind, the national level Ⅱ protection wild animal), Accipiter virgatus (the common kind, the national level Ⅱ protection wild animal), Buteo buteo (the common kind, the national level Ⅱ protection wild animal), Falco tinnunculus (the common kind, national level Ⅱ protection wild animal), Lophura nycthemera (the common kind, the national level Ⅱ protection wild animal), Gallus gallus (the common kind, national level Ⅱ protection wild animal), Chrysolophus amherstiae (the common kind, the national level Ⅱprotection wild animal), Centropus sinensis (the common kind, the national level Ⅱ protection wild animal), Otus bakkamoena (the strange species, the national level Ⅱ protection wild animal). Ciconia boyciana, Milvus migrans, Buteo buteo belong to the migratory bird, others are the resident birds.

4.5.2.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Qiubei County governs 3 towns and a 1l townships. In 2005, county-wide population was 452,000; County-wide GDP was RMB953,180,000. In 2005, there are 64 villages in Puzhehei basin project area, with total population of 90976.

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4.5.2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Present environmental quality situation of Qiubei project area is shown in Table 4.5-3. The details of monitoring data is seen in the attachment.

Table 4.5-3 Monitoring Result of Present Environmental Quality Environmental Item Content Element Monitoring Time 2005.10.17~20 Monitoring Institution Environmental Monitoring Station of Qiubei Qiubei Environmental Protection Office Monitoring Site Qiubei Weather Bureau Atmosphere Monitoring Factors TSP, PM , SO Environment 10 2 Secondary Standard in GB3095-1996 Monitoring All indicators meet secondary standard in GB3095-1996 Result Surface water River name Qingshui river Environment Monitoring 2007.8.9~11. Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Qiubei Institution Up reach 500m of Qingshui river, down reach 1000m of Qingshui Monitoring river Qiubei Section

WWTP Monitoring and its pH, COD, BOD , SS, NH -N Factors 5 3 pipeline Monitoring network 3 days continuously, one water sample one day Frequency Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method Standard III Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> Performed Monitoring Pollutant Indicators of Qinshui river are below III standard in Result GB3838-2002, meeting water quality requirement River name Dragon pond in old town Monitoring 2006 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Qiubei Institution Monitoring Qiubei Old city Long lake Section water Monitoring pH, BOD , COD , Cr6+, NO --N, F-, TP, TN, NH -N, COD, Hg, supply 5 Mn 3 3 Factors Cd, Pb project Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method Standard III Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> performed Monitoring TN and faecal coliform group in dragon pond of old town exceed Result standard, not meeting water function requirement. Overall River name Yuezhe river, Laojiu river, Beilong gou regulation Monitoring 2006 of Time Puzhehei Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Qiubei lake in Institution Qiubei Monitoring Flow rate, COD, SS, TN, TP county Factors Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method

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Environmental Item Content Element standard III Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> performed Monitoring Can not achieve GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Result Standard> III Standard. Lake name Puzhehei lake Monitoring 2006 Times Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Qiubei Institution Monitoring Flow rate, COD, BOD , DO, SS, TN, TP Factors 5 Monitoring Dingjia bridge, Lanni zhai, Bajiaoshan, Luoshui jian Section Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method Standard GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> III Standard performed Water quality at Lannizai section and Bajiaoshan section Monitoring exceeds standard with pollution factors as COD, BOD , TN, TP Result 5 and DO. No industrial pollution sources in Puzhehei basin, and the reason Reason of water quality deterioration is pollution of domestic waste

analysis water from surrounding villages and Puzhehei senic resort as well as agricultural non-point source. Monitoring 2005.10.17~20 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Qiubei Institution Monitoring Qiubei Environmental Protection Office site Qiubei Plant Hotel Monitoring Sound Qiubei Equivalent concatenation sound value Factors Environment county Monitoring Monitoring 4 times in day and night Frequency Standard II Standard in GB3096-93 performed noise in project area can achieve II standard in Monitoring GB12348-90

4.5.2.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targets are listed in Table 4.5-4.

Table 4.5-4 List of the Environmental Protection Targets Environmental Distance, No. Sub-project name Function protection targets orientation 1 Qiubei Dagale village 500m, west Residential area WWTP 2 WWTP and Qingshui river 10m, north Surface water 3 its pipeline Qiaotou village 300m, southwest Residential area 4 network, No. 3 water Shuizhai village 400m, southeast Residential area Qiubei supply plant 100m, east of lift 5 Matoushan village Residential area water supply pump station project Pipeline Qiubei county 6 10m to pipeline Hospital network hospital 7 Muxing hotel 10m to pipeline Hotel 8 Dianxin hotel 5m to pipeline Hotel

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Environmental Distance, No. Sub-project name Function protection targets orientation 9 Jinxi hotel 5m to pipeline Hotel Qiubei county first 10 5m to pipeline School middle school Qiubei county 11 10m to pipeline Government unit government Jinping town 12 5m to pipeline Hospital hospital Jinping town 13 10m to pipeline Government unit government 14 Huayuan hotel 20m to pipeline Hotel 15 Dianli hotel 5m to pipeline Hotel Jinping middle 16 5m to pipeline School school County 17 administration 5m to pipeline School school County education 18 10m to pipeline Government unit bureau Qiubei county first 19 30m to pipeline School elemental school 20 Fengyuan hotel 10m to pipeline Hotel 21 Century hotel 10m to pipeline Hotel 22 Jiabao hotel 10m to pipeline Hotel 23 Caiyun park 20m to pipeline Park Donghu jiaotong 24 10m to pipeline Hotel hotel 25 Overall regulation of Puzhehei village Project area Residential area 26 Puzhehei lake in Quibei Xianrendong village Project area Residential area 27 county Caihuaqing village Project area Residential area 28 Shuiweiying village Project area Residential area 29 Luoshuidong village Project area Residential area 30 Lanni village Project area Residential area 31 Yuezhejie village Project area Residential area Shuanglongying 32 Project area Residential area village Longshanjiao 33 Project area Residential area village Yadulao 34 Project area Residential area stockaded village 35 Shagou Village Project area Residential area 36 Laohu village Project area Residential area 37 Milele village Project area Residential area New stockaded 38 Project area Residential area village 39 Baishuipo village Project area Residential area 40 Hongqiy village i Project area Residential area 41 Hongqier village Project area Residential area Old stockaded 42 Project area Residential area village 43 Tangfang village Project area Residential area 44 Hongxingyi village Project area Residential area 45 Hongxinger village Project area Residential area 46 Qingsong village Project area Residential area 47 Xiaohebian village Project area Residential area 48 Sanjia village Project area Residential area 49 Shuitang village Project area Residential area Gaozhaishang 50 Project area Residential area village

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Environmental Distance, No. Sub-project name Function protection targets orientation 51 Gaozhaixia village Project area Residential area 52 Baijihe village Project area Residential area 53 Dashiqiao village Project area Residential area 54 Shiba village Project area Residential area 55 Damoshan village Project area Residential area 56 Lixin village Project area Residential area 57 Wantang village Project area Residential area 58 Longshu village Project area Residential area 59 Shanlin village Project area Residential area 60 Xingou village Project area Residential area 61 Songpojiao village Project area Residential area yuezhedagou 62 Project area Surface water village Xinzhaidagou 63 Project area Surface water village 64 Laojiugou village Project area Surface water Bailonghudigou 65 Project area Surface water village Provincial nature 66 Puzhehei lake Project area protection area state historical and Shizi mountain rock 67 1000m cultural sites under drawing government protection state historical and 68 Puge rock drawing 1000m cultural sites under government protection

4.5.3 MaLiPo Count

4.5.3.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geographical Location MaLiPo county stands in southeast of Yunnan Province，located in east longitude 104°32 ′-105°18′, north latitude22°48′-23°33′, Malipo county seat in south west of MaLiPOtownship, repose on the narrow valley area in ChouYang river fluvial side, at a distance of 80 kilometer from WenShan State official, at a distance of 425 kilometer from Kunming. Chouyang River, which from north to south flows across county, affluxes to Panlong River, and joins to Vietnam. Proposed Malipo landfill site is located in Gaojiaganchong, Shima village, 8km apart from Malipo county. Proposed Malipo WWTP site is at an open area on east side of Chouyang river 4km apart from the county. Geographical location of project is shown in attached map. (2) Geology and Landform Malipo landform pretty intricate, mountain high, slope steep, belong to limestone sand cutting-over shale and subshale tract strap. Landform physiognomy is low and middle landform, topography is west high east low, Chouyang river flows from west to north, which

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crosses county seat, later outflow in southeast of the city zone. Geology is formation lithology. Mostly constitute by Neozoic group quaternary system Mesozoic group Triassic and Palaeozoic group Permian and Devonian System Strata. According to (Kunming Survey and Desing Institute for China non-ferrous Metal Industry). Proposed landfill is in an area with stable shell. No other unfavorable geological factors have been found in the proposed site except some small flushed ditches. Underlying bedrock of floor is stable, so is side slope. The site has good holding capacity without racture going through. According to , project area is very stable, and is suitable for construction of landfill. (3) Weather and Climate MaLiPo County’s climate is south Asia Torrid Zone tableland monsoon climate. Mean annual temperature is 17.6 ℃, mean annual rainfall is 1069.2 mm, rainfall’s 80% focus on summertime, annual average windspeed is 2.1m/s, most frequent wind direction is southeastward . (4) Water System Master stream in MaLiPo is Chouyang River which flows across MaLiPo County. In churchyard, Chouyang river spans 32 km, belongs to Honghe River water system, watershed area is 219.6km2, runoff is 1.15 a hundred million m3. In county cisborder, primary function is industry produce, livelihood and irrigation of agricultural land of township inhabitant and part villages along the river. Chouyang river affluxes Panlong River, and leave the Country by Tianbao port, flows across Vietnam Tsingshui port ingresses Lu River, finally impregnates North Bay sea area of southern Pacific Ocean. It is a significant international river. (5) Ecological Environment Proposed WWPT site is farmland and semi-wasteland, without protogenic plants, and belongs to agricultural ecological environment. Area covered by pipeline network is mostly planned Malipo urban area, which is countryside presently with common ecological environment. Future pipeline network will be constructed at the same time of road construction. The site of proposed landfill has beeb reclaimed as cultivated land with some paddy field at the bottom. Vegetation is rich in slight slope on hillside and land on top of slope, with Yunnan pine as major vegetation type. In surrounding area, there is no natural reserve, seneric resort, historic site and hot spring etc..

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4.5.3.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT MaLiPo township has 13 villager Committees, total population is 4.98 ten thousand. In 2006, whole county total output value is 133900 ten thousand yuan. Proposed Malipo WWTP and its main waste-interception trunk is located at Chongout Affairs Office in MaLiPo county which governs 2 village Committees. At the end of 2006, population of count is 621, gross income is 88.5 ten thousand yuan. Main plants are grain, wheat, and legume.

4.5.3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Present environmental quality situation in Malipo County is shown in Table 4.5-5 as follows.

Table 4.5-5 Monitoring Results of Present Environmental Quality Environmental Item Content Element Monitoring 2006.11.21~23 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Malipo Institution Monitoring Malipo hotel, Yonghui Hotel Atmosphere site Environment Monitoring TSP, PM , SO Factors 10 2 Perform Secondary Standard in GB3095-1996 Standard Monitoring All indicators meet secondary standard in GB3095-1996 River name Shouyang river Monitoring 2007.4.17 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Malipo Institution Monitoring Panlong river section Section Monitoring pH, SS, COD, BOD , DO, Total Coliform, Total Hardness Cr6+, Zn Factors 5 Monitoring Monitoring one day Frequency Surface water Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Environment Method Perform III Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> Standard Water quality of Shuoyang river in upstream of Malipo is good, and all indicators, except TP, meet III standard in GB3838-2002, while high TP is Monitoring possibly due to application of fertilizer containing P. Result Water quality of Shuoyang river in downstream of Malipo is good, and all indicators, except faecal coliform group, meet III standard in GB3838-2002, while high content of faecal coliform group is possibly due to domestic waste water. Sound Monitoring 2006.11.23 Environment Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Malipo Institution Monitoring Malipo hotel, Yonghui Hotel

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Environmental Item Content Element site Monitoring Equivalent continous sound level Factors Perform II Standard in GB3096-93 Standard Monitoring Better sound envionrment Result

4.5.3.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targets are listed in Table 4.5-6.

Table 4.5-6 Lists of the Environmental Protection Targets Environmental protection Distance, No. Sub-project name Function Targets orientation garbage collection Residential 1 Malipo county seat Malipo MSD Collection, service area area Cleanin and Disposal Shimavillage and Babaao Residential 2 510m, southwest village area Residential 3 Louti stockaded village 800m, south area Malipo WWTP Residential 4 Shimenguan village 1800m, west and Main area WWTP Waste-intercep Residential 5 Shima village 1700m, east tion Trunk area International 6 Chouyangyang village waterway

4.5.4 Funing County

4.5.4.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geographical Location Funing county stands in southeast of Yunnan Province, located in east longitude 105°13′ -106°12′, north latitude23°11’- 24°09’. Meets Guangxi Baise at east, Gangxi Napo at southern ,nears Wenshan Guangnan at west ,nears Guangxi Tianlin at North, meets Guangxi Xilin at northwest, and border on MaLiPo and Vietnam, at a distance of 230 kilometer from WenShan State official, at a distance of 570 kilometer from Kunming. Proposed landfill site is located in south of Funing county, and drainage outlet is located at downstream Putting river, about 3km apart from proposed WWPT (also a World Bank lending project). Proposde WWTP is located at east of a small hill at southeast end of the county, which is presently a barren mountain with slight slope. Puting River is provincial boundary stream of Yunnan and Guangxi, stands upstream of ZhuJiang Drainage area -water pollution prevention and Cure Emphases Drainage area during period of“nation eleven”. Drainage area geographical position is at east longitude 105

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°30' -105°39' , north latitude 23°38 ' -23°48 ′.Item geographical position Saw inset map. (2) Geology and Landform Funing is hign in the east, and low in the west. General denude erosional landform as a whole, east and north side is structural erosion physiognomy. Topography of proposed landfill is all-around high, middle low; Landfill site is an independent rainwater catchment area, and hydrological condition is simple relatively. Topography of section of Puting river crosses county seat is incline from south to north， periphery mountain high grade. (3) Weather and Climate Weather of Funing in the south is subtropical climate, annual average temperature is 19.3 ℃，mean annual rainfall is 1156.2mm, mean annual evaporation is 1545.8mm，most frequent wind direction is southeaster, calm wind rate 50%. (4) Water System Principal Streams of Funing County are Puting River, Nama River, Xiyang River, Nanli River, Langheng River, branchs 29. Source of Puting river comes from Lida township and Huajia township, was gather togethered by sever rivers' tributary runoff from Limen river, Mochi river, Gepu river, Nayi river, Danga river Hongmen river Yulin river ， pass across middle of county territory,Watershed area of Puting river in county is 188.69km2 .Puting River flows eastward from Funing County, affluxs Tuoniang River to Guangxi You River at entrance of Luo village, spans 164km, longest river in churchyard. Watershed area 2162km2, occupy the whole county total area 41%. Proposded WWTP is located at southeast end of the county, 400m apart from planning area.. Proposde landfill is within catchment of Puting River. (5) Ecological Environment Owing to outcomes of natural factor and humanity unreasonable economic activity， plenteously natural vegetations in Funing county lopped, ecological environment is destroied, water loss and soil erosion severity. Funing landfill is located at a flushed ditch 5km apart from Funing county. Reservoir area has rich vegetation and ditch bottom is paddy field and dry land. Site area is not natural reserve, and land utilization function is forestry land and cultivated land. Factitious active primarily is tilthing in reservoir region bottom gently rolling country, the field zone has no large wildlife active trace, has not detected rare and precious vegetable.

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Overall regulation of Puting river mainly covers built-up area in Funing county with urban ecological system as major eco-system. Fish stocks, pelagic organism, float grass has ceased out in the city zone section of Puting River, fluvial substance is given priority to invertebrate such as earthworm, constitute representative with benthos characteristic ecosystem. In storage area for dredged sludge under overall regulation of Putting river, there is no native vegetation, with some herbaceous plants of secondary growth. Site region species are wheat, vegetable, the way corp is growing badly. Overall, site region ecosystem take on obvious Agro-ecological system characteristic, creature diversity singleness, has no rare and precious propagation, is not take on specific function ' s habitat yet. Ecological environment function is frailish.

4.5.4.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT OVERVIEW Funing County has 5 townships, 10 townships. By the end of 2005, whole county total population is 402913. In 2005, whole county completion GDP is 170450 ten thousand yuan. It is an agricultural county with some forestry and animal husbandary.

4.5.4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Present environmental quality in Funing County is shown in Table 4.5-7 as follows. The details of monitoring data is seen in attachment.

Table 4.5-7 Monitoring Results of Present Environmental Quality Environmental Item Content Element Monitoring Time 2007.6.26~28 Monitoring Institution Environmental Monitoring Station of Funing Funing Environmental Protection Office Monitoring Site Funing Construction Building Atmosphere Monitoring Factors TSP, PM , SO Environment 10 2 Secondary Standard in GB3095-1996 Monitoring All indicators meet secondary standard in Result GB3095-1996. Surface water River name Puting river Environment Monitoring 2007.6.5 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Funing Institution Monitoring Putting river, Hongmen river, Zhelang river Section Funing Monitoring pH, COD, BOD , SS, NH -N WWTP Factors 5 3 and its Monitoring one water sample one day pipeline Frequency network Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual> Method Standard III Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> Performed All indicators at East Briadge section of Hongmen River can meet Monitoring III standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard>, Result while in some other sections, not all indicators can meet III standard

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Environmental Item Content Element River name Putting river Monitoring 2007.08.07~08 Times Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Funing Institution Funing Monitoring Up reach 500m of Putting river, down reach 3000m of Putting MSD Section river 6+ - - cleaning Monitoring pH, BOD5, CODMn, Cr , NO3 -N, F , TP, TN, NH3-N, COD, Hg, and Factors Cd, Pb disposal Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method Perform III Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> Standard Monitoring Surface water quality can meet III standard Result River name Putting river Monitoring 2005.12.08 Times Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Funing Institution Monitoring Flow rate, COD, SS, TN, TP Factors Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method Perform GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> III Standard Standard Monitoring Can not achieve GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Overall Result Standard> III Standard. regulation Lake name Putting river of Putting Monitoring river 2006 Times Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Funing Institution Monitoring Flow rate, COD, BOD , DO, SS, TN, TP Factors 5 Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method Standard III Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> Performed Water quality at Rainbow Birdge section is poor with CODmh, Monitoring CDO, NH3-N and Cd exceeding standard due to pollution from Result urban non-point sources Monitoring 2007.6.27 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Funing Institution Monitoring Equivalent concatenation sound value Sound Funing Factors Environment County Monitoring Monitoring 2 day, one time per day Frequency Standard II Standard in GB3096-93 Performed Monitoring noise can achieve II Standard in GB12348-90 Funing Monitoring groundwater 2007.8.7-8 MSD Times cleaning Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Funing and Institution disposal Monitoring Groundwater emerging point 30-50m below proposed site

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Environmental Item Content Element sites Monitoring 2 consecutive days, sampling once a day Frequency Minotoring pH, COD NH -N, nitrate, total coliforms factors Mn, 3 Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > method Standard III standard in GB/T14848-93 performed Monitoring NH -N in excess of standard possibly due to infiltration of 3 Result agricultural irrigation water

Sludge Monitoring Overall regulation of Puting River involves river dreding. In order to investigate sludge features caused by dredging, Wenshan Environmental Monitoring Station took some sludge samples and conducted analysis on them, and got the content of heavy metals in sludge . Sludge sampling and analysis is shown in Table 4.5-8.

Table 4.5-8 Sludge Sampling and Analysis Item River synthesis training works of Putting River, Funing county Content Monitoring Time 2006.10.09 Monitoring, Sampling Environmental Monitoring Station of Wenshan Institution Monitoring, Sampling Under Dongfeng bridge section, Under North bridge section, Under Caihong bridge section Section Monitoring, pH, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, As Analysis Factors pH—GB/T6920-1986 glass electrode method Analysis Pb, Zn—GB/T17138-1997 flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry Method Cu, Cd—GB/T17141-1997 graphite oven atomic absorption spectrophotometry As—silver diethyl dithio carbamate spectrophotography

Sampling sections are shown in attached map Evaluation criteria adopts GB4284-84< Pollutant Control Standards for Agricultural Sludge >and GB15618-1995.

Table 4.5-9 Monitoring Results of Sludge in Puting River (mg/kg) Monitoring factor Cu Pb Zn Cd As Monitoring section Under of Dongfeng Bridge 80.390 80.166 2261.237 2.4996 0.104

Under of Northern Bridge 96.908 246.440 597.391 3.4448 0.301

Under of Rainbow Bridge 110.989 142.181 703.517 3.7003 0.011

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Limit in GB4284-84 (alkali soil) Limit in GB4284-84 (acid soil) meet the meet the meet the meet the meet the standards compliance standards standards standards standards standards GB15618-1995（pH>6.5） meet the meet the exceed the meet the meet the standards compliance standards standards standards standards standards

Except Zinc, rest heavy metals in River bottom mud of Puting river conform limitation quest of GB4284-84and GB15618-1995Analyzed cause，Zinc overproof is due to fluvial upriver plumbum zinc dressing works waste water effluent.

4.5.4.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targets are listed in Table 4.5-10.

Table 4.5-10 Lists of the Environmental Protection targets Environmental No. Sub-project name Distance, orientation Function protection targets Residential 1 Weishe village 1100m, southwest area Waste Residential 2 water Xingfu garden 800m, west area treatment Funing WWTP plant Social 3 and its pipeline Futai shopping mall 1000m, southwest attention network area Funing county first 30m to the south of 4 School Pipeline elementary school pipeline network network Funing county Xinhua 30m to the west of 5 School elementary school pipeline network Project implementation Surface 6 Putting river scope water 30m to the west of Residential 7 Zheban village bottom mud treatment overall regulation of Puting river area field in Funing county Funing county first 30m to left bank of 8 School elementary school Putting river Funing county Xinhua 30m to left bank of 9 School elementary school Putting river

4.5.5 Yanshan County

4.5.5.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geographical Location Yanshan County stands in southeast of Yunnan Province, northwest of Wenshan Zhuang Miao nationality autonomous prefecture, Located in east longitude 103°35′-104°45′,

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north latitude23°19’- 23°59’. Meets Guangnan County at east, border on Xichou County at southern, nears Qiubei County at north, and nears Kaiyuan city and Mengzi County in Hong River Hani YI nationality autonomous prefecture at North. At a distance of 35 kilometer from WenShan State official, at a distance of 350 kilometer from Kunming. Concretion Position detailed in inset map. (2) Geology and Landform Yanshan County looks like a “dumbbell” from shape. Condition out of level, wholly looks intricacy variety, West Ashe township’s Agi, Dizheen, Luduchong priority to medium height mountain physiognomy; South and north northwest and northeast give priority to representative karst physiognomy; south is prominent mid-mountain valley form. (3) Weather and Climate Weather of Yanshan is North subzone tableland monsoon climate, annual average temperature is 16.5 ℃, mean annual rainfall is 900-1000mm, mean annual evaporation is 1948.50mm, most frequent wind speed is 3.10m/s, most frequent wind direction is souther. (4) Water System Yanshan county in the watershed zone of Zhu river and Hong river drainage area, takes No.323 national highway as boundary. The north part of highway belongs to Zhu river drainage area Xi river water system, master streams are Gongge river, Asanlong river, watershed area 1576.6km2; The south part belongs to Hong river drainage area Lu river, master streams are Baga river, Jiayi river, Wengda river, Guima river, watershed area 2247km2. Drainage pipeline of Yanshan county involves surface water body as TingHu reservior and Gongge river. Waste water into Tinghu reservior will be intercepted by main pipes and sent to existing sewage treatment plant for treatment before flowing into Gongge River. Tinghu river reservoir stands in northeast of Yanshan County, at a distance of 8km from county, at east longitude 104 °23', north latitude 23 °38.5 ', belongs to Zhu river drainage area water system upstream of Nanqiu River, which is one of the main hydraulic engineerings in Yanshan County. Water reservoir is a mid-type storage works, which give priority to irrigation, also has syntheses benefit from preventing flood, aquiculturing, water supplying, and runoff area 85.58km 2. Total storage 1758 ten thousand m3. Gongge river belongs to Zhu river drainage area，originate from Jiangna township Longtan village，named Nanqiu river Out of Yanshan county territory, lower segment named Qingshui river, Gongge River long at 94km in Yanshan county churchyard, watershed area 1371.56km2.

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4.5.5.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Yanshan County governs 4 townships, 8 townships, 2 overseas Chinese farms. End of 2005， whole county total population is 411066.In 2005, whole county realize zone total output value is 19.64 a hundred million yuan, all year around farmer per capita net income is 1484 yuan. After treatment, waste water from drainage pipeline of Yanshui county will goes to downstream area of Shitou Xiaozhai Dam in Jiangna Township. Shitou Xiaozhai Dam has ShitouXiaozhai and Jiuxie villages. ShitouXiaozhai stands in southeast of county，at a distance of 2km from county, total 183 persons. Jiuxie village stands in southeast of county seat, at a distance of 2.5 km from county seat, total 380 persons.

4.5.5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Monitoring results of present environmental quality in Yanshan County are shown in Table 4.5-11 as follows. The details of monitoring data is seen in attachment.

Table 4.5-11 Monitoring Result of Present Environmental Quality Environmental Item Content Element Monitoring 2006.11.22~23 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Yanshan Institution Monitoring Yanshan hotel, Yanshan Hotel Atmosphere site Environment Monitoring TSP, PM , SO Factors 10 2 Standard Secondary Standard in GB3095-1996 Monitoring All indicators can meet secondary standard in GB3095-1996 River name Tinghu lake Monitoring 2006.8.15 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Yanshan Institution Monitoring Tinghu lake section Section Monitoring 6+ Surface water pH, SS, COD, BOD5, DO, Total Coliform, Total Hhardness Cr , Zn Factors Environment Monitoring Monitoring one day Frequency Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method Standard III Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> Performed Monitoring Water quality can only achieve IV Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Result Water Quality Standard>, with main pollution factors as CODMn、TN、TP Reason Serious pollution from urban, industrial and agricultural waste water analysis Noise Monitoring 2006.11.22 Environment Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Yanshan Institution

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Environmental Item Content Element Monitoring Jintu hotel, Ying Hotel site Monitoring Equivalent concatenation sound value Factors Standard II Standard in GB3096-93 Performed Monitoring noise in daytime and at night can achieve II Standard in Result GB12348-90

4.5.5.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targets are listed in Table 4.5-12.

Table 4.5-12 Lists of the Environmental Protection targets Environmental protection No. Distance, orientation Function targets Yanshan county teacher 1 10m to pipeline network School training school County second 2 10m to pipeline network School elementary school Yanshan county 3 maternity and child care 10m to pipeline network Hospital hospital Yanshan Chinese 4 10m to pipeline network Hospital medicine hospital 5 Kindergarten 15m to pipeline network School Yanshan county ethnic 6 15m to pipeline network School vocational middle school 7 Ethnic middle school 10m to pipeline network School County first elementary 8 15m to pipeline network School school 9 County first middle school 25m to pipeline network School 10 County government 50m to pipeline network Government unit Special protection 11 Tinghu reservoir region 12 Gongge river Surface water

4.5.6 Guangnan County

4.5.6.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geographical Location Guangnan County, in the southeastern part of Yunnan Province, is situated at east longitude 104°31′~105°91, and at north latitude 23°29′~24°28′. West connect Xilin County of Guangxi province, south adjoin Xichou County and Malipo County, south be next to Funing County, west march with Qiubei County and Yanshan County, 167 km away from Wenshan county, the capital city of Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, 485 km away from Kunming, the capital city of Yunnan Province.

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The proposed waste water treatment plant is located by the side of the road from Guangnan to Zhujie, the west of the Liancheng Town of Guangnan County, 900m away from edge of the Liancheng town (Guangyi liquefied petroleum gas station). Liancheng town, in the northeastern part of Guangnan County, is the location of the government. It is situated at east longitude 104°9′~105°, and at north latitude 23°51′ ~24°11′.east to Yangliujing, west march with Nalun village, south to Dongbao village, North border on Ake and Xilin County of Guangxi province. (2) Geology and Landform Liancheng town is a flat area in the hilly mountain, the northeast to the southwest of the city zone landform gradually decline, the average altitude is 1251m, the lowest part is in the southwest of the town , the average altitude of 1200m. (3) Weather and Climate Guangnan County is of subtropical highland monsoon climate. The annual average temperature is 16.7 ° C, with the average rainfall 1069.4 mm. (4) Water System The river of the Liancheng town of Guangnan County is a part of Pearl River system. Bada River and Stone Bridge River originate in the county, is the satisfaction of sewage in the county. The two river flow from east to west, separated from the south of the town and the north of the town, and met in the west of the town, straight 10km to Lengshui River, finally into Xiyang River. Presently, Bada River and Stone Bridge River are used to irrigate, sluice and take up sewage of the city.

4.5.6.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Guangnan County contains 18 villages and towns, 2 state-owned farms. By the end of 2005, the total population of the county was 746022 and the total rural revenue in 2005 was RMB84.81 million yuan.

4.5.6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Monitoring results of present environmental quality in Guannan County is shown in table 4.5-13 as follows. The details of monitoring data is seen in attachment.

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Table 4.5-13 Monitoring Result of Present Environmental Quality Environmental Item Content Element Monitoring 2006 Times Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Guangnan Institution Monitoring Tonggu square, Guangnan environmental protection department, Lian lake Atmosphere site Environment Monitoring TSP, PM , SO Factors 10 2 Standard Secondary Standard in GB3095-1996 Monitoring all indicators can meet secondary standard. In GB3095-1996 River name Lengshui river Monitoring 2006.05.20~22 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Guangnan Institution Monitoring Lengshui river section Section Monitoring pH, SS, COD, BOD , DO, Total Coliform, Total Hhardness Cr6+, Zn Surface water Factors 5 Environment Monitoring Monitoring one day Frequency Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual > Method Standard III Standard in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> Performed Water quality can not achieve III Standard.in GB3838-2002< Surface Water Monitoring Quality Standard>, with main pollution factors as COD、BOD 、NH -N、 Result 5 3 TN、TP Monitoring 2007.05.28 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Guangnan Institution Monitoring Tonggu square, Guangnan environmental protection department Noise site Environment Monitoring Equivalent concatenation sound value Factors Standard II Standard in GB3096-93 Performed Monitoring noise can achieve II Standard in GB12348-90

4.5.6.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targets are listed in Table 4.5-14.

Table 4.5-14 List of the Environmental Protection Targets Environmental protection No. Distance, orientation Function targets Guangnan first middle 1 Close to pipeline network School school Guangnan second School 2 Close to pipeline network elementary school

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Guangnan first School 3 Close to pipeline network elementary school Guangnan third School 4 Close to pipeline network elementary school Guangnan fifth middle School 5 Close to pipeline network school Guangnan Chinese 6 Close to pipeline network Hospital medicine hospital Guangnan people’s 7 Close to pipeline network Hospital hospital 8 Eight river Surface water 9 Shiqiao river Surface water 10 Lengshui river Surface water Provincial historical and cultural 90m to the west of pipeline 11 Haotian pavilion sites under government network protection Provincial historical and cultural 50m to the west of pipeline 12 Nongshitusi yamun sites under government network protection Provincial historical and cultural 50m to the west, 60m to the north 13 Doutian pavilion sites under government of pipeline network protection 60m to the south of pipeline State historical and cultural sites 14 Wanshou pavilion network under government protection County historical and cultural 15 Stone torii pipeline network through sites under government protection County historical and cultural 100m to the south of pipeline 16 Huanggu tomb sites under government network protection County historical and cultural 60m to the east of pipeline 17 Nan bridge sites under government network protection

4.5.7 Maguan County

4.5.7.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT (1) Geographical Position Maguan County is located in the southeastern part of Yunnan Province, and is adjacent to the Malipo County at the east, to the Vietnam at the south, to the Pingbian County and the Estuary County of the Red River at the west, and to the Wenshan County, Xichou County at the North. The county’s government is located in white horse town at 23°02′N and 104 °25′E. It is 73 kilometers apart from Wenshan city. The proposed project site is located at the Mountain Village of village committee in town of Horse White, at a distance of 3.5 kilometers from northeast direction of urban. (2) Geology and Landform The proposed project site for waste disposal is of medium complexity in Maguan County; the site belongs to a structure corrosion and erosion and middle mountain landform types, the mountains tend to the North-West direction, the terrain is higher in the north than the south, a V-type.

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According to geological mapping in spot and investigation and collection and analysis, we can see the proposed site is belong to stable bedrock, there is no karst cave and big gap solution in site, the present situation of the gully and the natural slope is stabilize, there is no adverse geological processes, the proposed sites is stability; the Physical Mechanics Property of geotechnical layers is good, and foundation is stability. (3) Weather and Climate Maguan County’s climate is low-latitude western mountainous subtropical monsoon climate with an average annual rainfall of 1,350 mm, the mean temperature 16.1 ° C to 17.5 ° C with an average annual evaporation 1375.1 mm. (4) Water System The river in Maguan County belongs to Lujiang River Water System in red river drainage area, distributed in nearby the county is of Xiangshui river, it is flow to the Laqi village’s feet into the boundary river of China-Vietnam--Zhai River. According to “Regionalization of surface Water Environmental Function in Yunnan Province (review)”, the Xiangshui river is secondary tributary for Zhai River, the main function of the reach from source to outbound is secondary drinking, the water quality standard is III class. The upstream reach of Xiangshui River (Nan Shan River) and Duzhou River are not drinking function, only utility to farmland irrigation and industry. The downstream reach of Xiangshui River has been developed hydropower. (5) Ecological Environment Except a few farmland (about 6.06mu dry land) and fell and bushy in site of planning to build the garbage, the major crops are rice, maize, flue-cured tobacco. According to the field survey, the major vegetation types is secondary arbor and shrub around the site of planning to build the garbage, the major tree specie is yunnan-pine, there is no rare tree, and did not discovery the distribution of rare animals and plants.

4.5.7.2 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT Maguan County has 8 towns and 7 townships, by the end of 2005, the county population have 32000. The end of 2005, total industrial output value of the county achieved 1.06 billion Yuan.

4.5.7.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Monitoring results of present environmental quality in Maguan County is shown in Table 4.5-15 as follows. The details of monitoring data see in attachment.

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Table 4.5-15 Monitoring Result of Present Environmental Quality Environmental Item Content Element Monitoring 2006.11.14~16 Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Maguan Institution Monitoring Maguan Plant Hotel, Maguan Tongling Hotel site Monitoring air TSP, SO , NO Factors 2 2

Monitoring 3 days continuously, one water sample one day frequency Standard GB3095-1996Secondary performed Standard 100% of air in Luquan County reached standard in 2006, and air quality in Monitoring assessment area can achieve Secondary Standard in GB3095-1996 Result . River name Nanshan river Monitoring 2005.9.28~30 Times Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Maguan Institution Monitoring Nanshan river section Surface water Section Monitoring Environment pH, BOD , COD, NH -N Factors 5 3 Analysis Method Standard GB3838-2002< Surface Water Quality Standard> III Standard Performed Monitoring According to monitoring result, surface water quality in assessment area can Result not achieve III Standard in GB3838-2002 Monitoring 2006.11.14. Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Maguan Institution Monitoring Guangdian building, Lingtong Hotel site Noise Monitoring Equivalent concatenation sound value Environment Factors Monitoring Monitoring a day in 24 hour Frequency Standard II Standard in GB3096-93 Performed Monitoring noise can achieve II Standard in GB12348-90 Groundwater Monitoring 2005.9.28~30 Environment Time Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Station of Maguan Institution Monitoring Xiaoquan point Section Monitoring 3 days continuously, one water sample one day Factors Monitoring pH, COD , NH -N Frequency Mn 3 Analysis < Environmental Monitoring Technical Manual> Method

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Environmental Item Content Element Standard III Standard in GB/T14848-93 Performed Monitoring Except feal coliform and NO2-N in a spring 300m in northwest of site, all other Result indicators meet III Standard.in Reason Infiltration of surface pollutants, e.g. fertilizer appllication analysis

4.5.7.4 MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL EROTECTION TARGETS Main environmental protection targets are listed in Table 4.5-16.

Table 4.5-16 List of the Environmental Protection Objects

Serial No. Environmental protection targets Distance, orientation Function

1 Fangshan village 662m, northwest Residential area

2 Zhonggada village 1200m, northwest Residential area

3 Laowu stockaded village 1250m, east Residential area

4 Fangshan elementary school 950m, northwest School

5 Xinfa stockaded village 1600m, west Residential area

6 Nanshanhe village 2000m, northwest Residential area

4.6 DAM SAFETY

After screening, Yunnan urban environment construction project unsing World Bank loan involves reservoirs and dams shown in Table 4.6-1.

Table 4.6-1 Involved Dams and Basic Status Dam/River, Total Reservoir Sub-project Height of N0. Lake, Capacity/10000 Basic Status Remark name Dam/m reservior m3 The dam was built After World Bank in 1958, used for prepaid evaluation on irrigating, Red Flag 2007 July, the source preventing flood, water supply water of water supply 1 30.36 5400 generating in Qiubei reservoir change Red Flag electricity and dam water reservoir to the providing water of Long Pond (ground living and water) of old city. producing. It is used for

Overall preventing flood, Puting River regulation of 87.5 9934 irrigating (87000 2 plant water Puting River in Concrete (7700)* units of area), city reservior Funing water supply (5110 dam thousands m3/a),

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Dam/River, Total Reservoir Sub-project Height of N0. Lake, Capacity/10000 Basic Status Remark name Dam/m reservior m3 generating electricity(1×4MW) and touring. It was a medium The dam lies on the Overall size water place which is about 1 regulation of Mudi River 67.6 reservoir, used for km Panlong River water Clay core 5784.9 preventing flood, far from the converge 3 (the part in reservoir Talus rock (4572.14)* irrigating and city of Panlong River and urban area) of dam dam water supply and Mudi River of the Wenshan generating backward position of electricity. Mudi River The dam lies on the upper reach of the site selection. The water of the reservoir and rain fall drain into The dam is built on Wenbi Lake Yanggong River. Drainage wetland, used for water During 2004 and 4 pipeline in 8 455 irrigating and reservoir 2005, safety Yulong beautifies the river dam evaluation of the dam landscape. was carried on by Yulong water conservancy department and some experts . The dam was built in 1958, and Overall continuated during regulation of West Lake 9.5m 1990~ 1995.It was water It is quoted from Brief dam(lies on (before used for irrigating, 5 envionrment in 5114(4204)* Introduction of West basin of addition) preventing flood, rivers flowing Lake Water Reservior Erhai Lake) 21m(now) generating into Erhai Lake electricity, water (Miju River) supply, ecology tour and so on. The dam was built in 1964, and Sanshao reinforced in 2006. It is quoted from overall water It is used for Operational Report of regulation of reservoir irrigating and Risks Elimination water dam preventing 924 and Reinforce 6 envionrment in (located in 29.2 flood.During 2001 (588)* Management and rivers flowing Fengyi of November and Construction of into Erhai lake upriver 2002 March, the Sanshao Water (Boluo River) Boluo dam had got Reservior Dam River) across checking and been intended to be grade III.

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5 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPREHENSIVE IMPACT ASSESSMENT

The subcomponentimproves the present infrastructure situation in Kunming, Dali, Lijiang, Wenshan. At the same time, it will inevitably bring with some impacts on the surroundings in the period of construction and operation. Among the impacts, the relatively largest impact of constructional period lies in the pipeline construction of water supply plants and Sewage Treatment Plant (STP), sludge dredging and disposal in comprehensive treatment of waterways and lakes as well as relocation. The impacts during operational period include effluent odor and sludge from STP, leachate and landfill emission from landfill site. The important impacts of constructional period: Excavation of pipeline pavement and STP construction; Sludge dredging of waterways (lakes) in environmental comprehensive treatment; Citizen resettlement in the sub-component of comprehensive environmental treatment of ancient city in Lijiang Lion Mountain The important impacts of operational period: Effluent odor and sludge from STP; Leachate and landfill emission from landfill site;

5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS DURING CONSTRUCTIONAL PERIOD

The impacts of constructional period include noise, suspended dust, waste water, solid waste, transportation, ecological landscape impact, water and soil erosion and etc. The core environmental impacts of the subcomponentin constructional period are the construction of pipeline for water supply plants and STP, sludge dredging and disposal in comprehensive treatment along rivershed and lakes as well as citizen resettlement, which is the key part of this section.

5.1.1 Water supply and STP projects 12 projects concerning pipeline construction refer to water supply and STP under the umbrella of YUEP. WWTP in Dengchuan Town of Eryuan County in Dali city Urban sewer in Dali City

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WWTP in Huaping County of Lijiang city No.2 WWTP in Lijiang City Urban sewer in Yulong County of Lijiang city Urban sewer in Wenshan County WWTP in Qiubei County of Wenshan Water Supply in Qiubei County of Wenshan WWTP in Malipo County of Wenshan WWTP and associated sewer in Fu'ning County of Wenshan Sewer in Yanshan County of Wenshan WWTP in Guangnan County of Wenshan

5.1.1.1 SUSPENDED DUST THE IMPACT ANALYSIS Related investigation indicates that transportation vehicles produce 60% of the total suspended dust in constructional fields. The suspended dust is related to the road situation and vehicle speed. Generally, the impacted area of the suspended dust covers the diameter of 100m around the constructional fields and could be larger in a windy day. Deserted soil, sand aggregate, limestone and etc will produce more suspended dust if they are not uncovered while piled and will be dropped occasionally whiled transported, Another situation for suspended dust is excavating soil piled in the open air, whose impact is strengthened by the wind. In addition, the volume of suspended dust is closely related to the speed of vehicles, the quicker, the more dust. Analogy Investigation indicates that about 70% of suspended dust can be removed by water sprinkling by 4-5 times per day. Table 5.1-1 lists the realistic testing results of water sprinkling in constructional site.

Table 5.1-1 test results of dedusting with watering

distance to the construction starting point/m 5 20 50 100 no watering 10.14 2.89 1.15 0.86

TSP concentration/ watering 2.01 1.40 0.67 0.60 mg·m-3 Air quality standards- GB3095-1996 0.90 Class two

The data in the table indicates the concentration of suspended dust is greatly declined after water sprinkling by 4-5 times per day and the impacted diameter drops from 5-100 to 5-50m.

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TSP concentration can meet with the standard of class two from: GB3095-1996 “Ambient air quality standard” (for the mixing area of resident, commerce and transportation). Part of the pipeline construction is located in the existing municipal roads, 10-100m away from residential area (see sensitive point statistic table). Therefore constructional suspended dust still impact on the surroundings, temporarily and finally with the completion of the project, treatment measures must be taken to diminish the impacts.

5.1.1.2 CONSTRUCTIONAL WASTE WATER IMPACT ANALYSIS (1) Pipeline construction Pipe line construction for water supply projects and STPs are mostly located in old constructed areas of cities. Staffs can use existing accommodations, rather than newly construct temporal ones. Therefore, there is no constructional waste water. The main sources of constructional waste water come from maintenance and washing of vehicles and equipments with SS and oil. Some waste water can easily pollute the surface water if directly discharged without any treatment. Feasibility report helps to develop the treatment measures below:

Table 5.1-2 factory effluent and disposal request

pollutant source of main pollutant disposal request waste water washings of cars SS 1000g/l Effluent after sediment tank and machinery maintenance of centralized processing after collected by oil mechanical 100~500mg/l of oil drums equipment

Pipeline construction of water supply projects is lineage arranged. Its constructional measures include tube excavation and pipe jacking, out of which pipe jacking needs no excavation. Constructional width mostly ranges from 5 to10m around constructional area for tube excavation. It is not feasible to install a suspended tank to treat the washing water from vehicles and equipment in such a place. Therefore, the EIA suggests that vehicles and equipment should be washed in the professional wash shops rather than be washed in-situ. At the same time, the constructional period should try to avoid rainy season in order to save in-situ suspended tank. Oil leakage will happen as maintaining the equipments. Waste oil is classified as hazard waste according to “Hazardous Waste Catagory of China”. The leaked oil can be collected by buckets and stored in a specially settled tank for waste oil. The waste oil will be sold to be treated by the waste oil collecting department. The waste oil drops and can be wiped by

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cotton. The impacts of the waste oil from maintenance can be eliminated to the limit after the implementation of the above resolutions. (2) Plant region construction Waste water can be brought along by cleaning, cement blending and installation. In addition, sewage still comes along with human activities. Small amount of waste water mainly contains SS, oil and etc. Settling tank will be installed to collect and suspend the waste water for recycling before discharging. Simplified oil separation tank and settling tank will be installed for sewage from staffs in STP constructional courses to prevent discharging.

5.1.1.3 NOISE IMPACT ANALYSIS (1) Pipeline construction The noise of pipeline construction, in terms of disconnection, once in a while and floating, originates from equipments and vehicles and varies among different equipments. The noisy intensity of the equipments is listed in table 5.1-3.

Table 5.1-3 noise level of main mechanical equipment s for construction Tested sound Measure distance sn construction machinery levedB(A) （m） 1 grab 80 15 2 Road roller 75 10 3 scraper 75 15

Table 5.1-3 indicates that the noise from multi-units of equipments overlap when they operate together. According to forecast calculation, the unfolded noisy intensity can increase within 3dB (A). The main constructional equipment noise will be wicker with longer distance 5.1-4.

Table 5.1-4 decay distance of mechanical noise in constructions

dB(A) sound level sn construction machinery 80 75 70 65 60 55 1 grab 15m 22m 40m 75m 120m 190m 2 Road roller 10m 25m 50m 100m 150m 3 scraper 15m 42m 75m 120m 190m GB12523-90 daytime nighttime Limitation of noise in construction site （bulldozer） 75 55 cubic metre of earth and stone

Table 5.1-4 indicates that the main constructional equipment noise has a longer spread distance, impacting on the residences within 0-22m along both sides of the pipelines in the

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daytime and 0-190m at night. Part of newly constructed and refreshed pipeline along the streets range from 10-200m away from the residential area. Sensitive points along both sides of pipeline is included in table 5.1-5.

Table 5.1-5 sensitivity points aside pipeline subcomponentlocation Name of the sub-component Distribution of sensitivity points WWTP in Dengchuan Town of Eryuan County Some citizens within the distance of 100m Dali Dali city drainage pipe web project Residents within the range of 100m WWTP in Huaping County No residents within the range of 300m Residents, school and hospital in the Lijiang The second SWTP in Lijiang range from 30m to 400m Yunong city drainage pipe web project About 2210 people in the range of 100m Citizens, school and hospital in the range Wenshan urban drainage pipeline project of 300m Two high schools and one hospital aside Qiubei water supply project matching pipe yanshan urban drainage pipe web project School and hospital in the range of 100m Wenshan Citizens, school, hotel and park in the WWTP in Qiubei County range from 5m to 30m located in west watercourse of SWTP in Malipo County ChouYang River, no citizen here WWTP in Funing County Two primary schools in the range of 30m WWTP in Guangnan County School and hospital near the pipe

In accordance with Table 5.1-5 of the sensitive points distributed along both sides of pipelines, we can find that constructional noise impacts less residential regions and schools in the daytime than at night. Therefore, constructional duration must be accordingly arranged to decrease the impacts. Strictly avoid night construction and influence the normal rest of the residence.

(2) Reafforestation construction The noisy resources are constructional equipments, occurring in the process of piling, cement blending, transporting, water dropping from pipes and etc. The most intensive noise is about 95dB. Generally, open construction without noisy resolutions impacts large area because of long distance of noise spread. Residences within 150m of constructional area and units can be influenced. Please refer to table 5.1-6.for the sensitive point distribution around STPs

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Table 5.1-6 Distribution of environmental sensitivity points

Name of the Construction environment sensitivity points distribution sub-component content impact WWTP in Dengchuan Construction 300m No effect Town of Eryuan County in-situ No citizen in the range of 300m The second SWTP in Construction 350~600m No effect Lijiang in-situ Some citizens in the range from 350m to 600m WWTP in Huaping Construction No citizen in the range of 400m No effect County in-situ WWTP in Qiubei Construction No effect County in-situ Some citizens in the range of 500m Construction No citizen in the range of 800m after the SWTP in Malipo County No effect in-situ removal of two families(8 pepole) in the north WWTP in Funing Construction Happy garden section and Futai market in the No effect County in-situ range of 800m WWTP in Guangnan Construction 10 people in the range of 200m Interference effect County in-situ

The noise impacts are less during the construction, diminishing with the end of the construction. If the construction duration can be limited to the daytime, the noise will be tolerable by the residences.

5.1.1.4 SOLID WASTE IMPACT ANALYSIS Subcomponentconstructional solid waste is mainly consist of soil and residues from excavation; at the other hand the loss of materials in transportation such as sand, stone concrete etc. Deserted soil from excavation process might impact environment when transporting and disposing. It is estimated that, “urban sewer sub-component in Dali City” can balance its earthwork and other projects leave its remaining earthwork. 1) Many vehicles might spread soil along the road. The muddy wheels ruin the road situation, bringing about suspended dust flying in a fine day and result in a muddy road in a raining day, which have bad impact on environment, passengers and passing vehicles. 2) The waste soil disposing area is unsettled or disposed optionally and land use, river flow, natural eco-system might be ruined. 3) Big vehicles to transport waste soil will jam the local transportation in the daytime.

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Table 5.1-7 Solid wastes produced by pipeline construction for water supply and sewerage and sewage disposal factories Capacity of Subcomponentlocation name of sub-subcomponent solid Disposal methodology wastes(m3) WWTP in Dengchuan Town of fixed-point stack according to the 1799.3 Eryuan County request of municipal departments Dali Dali city drainage pipe web 0 Backfill for the pipeline excavating project Some backfilled in sewage disposal WWTP in Huaping County 13429 plant; some will be used as greening soil for plant Most stacked in the low lying land is Lijiang The second SWTP in 3591.1 specified by municipal departments; Lijiang the other used as soil for reafforestation Yunong city drainage network 98642.5 Backfill for for road construction project Wenshan city drainage Store in the low lying land of mountain 56753.3 pipeline project waste nearby or special storage

Some backfilled in sewage disposal WWTP in Qiubei County 12026.93 factories; some stacked in the low lying land specified by municipal departments or used as soil for reafforestation. Store in the low lying land or used as soil Qiubei water supply project 2668 greening or in-situ treatment Wenshan Transported to construction wastes SWTP in Malipo County 7500 landfield which is 1.5 km away from the county town for centralized processing WWTP in Funing County 5047.6 backfilled in sewage treatment plant The storage point is identified in WWTP in Guangnan County 3044.8 accordance with the request of municipal departments Yanshan town drainage pipe Stack in the low lying land or used as 4584 line project soil for reafforestation

The externally transported soil from pipeline construction is proper solid waste with little toxic and harmful elements. The comprehensive utilization includes refilling to the basis of STPs, other municipal projects, billabongs and river bank reafforesting. Therefore, the waste soil is generally harmsless to the environment.

5.1.1.5 SOIL AND WATER EROSION IMPACT ANALYSIS (1) Tube construction Earthwork excavation of pipeline construction will wipe out the vegetation within the region, bringing about bare lands and is negative to local vegetation. Earthwork excavation, waste soil storage, refilling of depression will help to change local topography, erosion of the soil and growing the local soil and water erosion of the subcomponentregion in raining season. Therefore, water and soil conservation measures must be implemented and bare soil compaction might guarantee the resistance of soil and water erosion. Reasonable arrangement of soil storing location keeps the constructional regions in a distance away from

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the watershed. Tarpaulin can be used to cover the constructive materials and under transported soil in stormy weather. Adequate sites are chosen to dispose the deserted soil for every pipeline excavation subcomponentand no optionally soil piling up. Refilling earthwork management is established to prevent the soil erosion and contribute to water conservation. The impact of soil and water erosion can be controllable if the resolution s established by soil and water conservational formula and management options are strictly abided by. (2) Plant region construction STP construction would bring along water and soil erosion in two aspects: vegetation diminishment by excavation and erosion by precipitation wash. Vegetation damage in temporal land occupied aggravates the erosion. Gully and flake erosion in raw material site, temporal site for waste soil is subjected to occur by mismanagement of waste soil disposal site. Soil and water erosion might happen in the process of plant construction and earthwork excavation. The EA uses empirical formular (no obvious erosion area) to calculate the possible volume of erosion in the process of STP construction:

Table 5.1-8 includes the volume of water and soil erosion in each waste water treatment plant Estimation capacity of soil and water loss in different sewage disposal factories

Volume of soil and subcomponentlocation name of sub-project water loss（t/a） Dali WWTP in Dengchuan Town of Eryuan County 9.9 The second SWTP in Lijiang 748.20 Lijiang WWTP in Huaping County 324 Qiubei water supply project 15 SWTP in Malipo County 233.47 Wenshan WWTP in Funing County 14.11 WWTP in Guangnan County

Subcomponentconstruction damages local vegetation, changes the water movement orbits, weakens the resistant capacity to the erosion and increase run off as well erosion. If no action is taken, the erosion is possibly the consequence.

5.1.1.6 ECOLOGICAL IMPACT ANALYSIS (1) Landscape-ecology impact Road excavation and soil piling in pipeline construction tends to disorder the constructional sites. Though the sites are cut off, they will be still in disorder situation. The leakage of the external transporting soil will not only ruins the road but brings along suspended dust, which spoils the surrounding landscape. Therefore, it is important to keep the constructional sites clean. The impact of landscape by construction is short and restorable.

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(2) impact of temporary land occupied The pipeline network construction occupies land temporarily. It is necessary to protect surface soil and avoid irreversible damage. In the excavation, surface soil (e.g. 30-50cm thick) is individually stored and soil and water conservation measures must be taken to protect. The soil must be refilled in the order of from underground to surface soil. And then smooth controlling of the site must be taken after the construction the impact can be controlled after the cleaning and reforesting of the sites at the end of the construction. (3) impact of permanent land occupied STPs occupy land permanently. Firstly, the vegetation and the grassland diminishing decreases vegetation rate and tends to bring along small soil and water erosion. Secondly, earthwork excavation and refilling lower down the soil fertilizing degree, influences the productivity of land reclamation. However, they will not change the ways of land use. STPs’ permanent land occupied mainly are from farmland and reduce the amount of farmers’ land. The local governments establish conversation plans to adjust the farmland location and the company owners must financially compensate famers for land occupied according to the plans. Land expropriation and compensation of STPs see table 5.1-9.

Table 5.1-9 Expropriation land area and compensation Expropriation Land current land area for subcomponentlocation Name of sub-component situation and Compensation approach sewage disposal function factories Readjustment of plant land WWTP in Dengchuan Dali 14.9 farm field by local government and Town of Eryuan County some compensation Another reclaimed land for The second SWTP in the compensation of 87.76 farm field Lijiang occupancy land according to country policy Lijiang Readjustment of plant land WWTP in Huaping by local government and 26.82 farm field County some financial compensation another reclaimed land for Qiubei water supply the compensation of 22.5 farm field project occupancy land according to country policy Readjustment of plant land by local government and SWTP in Malipo County 16.35 farm field some financial Wenshan compensation Un-cultivated WWTP in Funing County 1.03hm2 land on flat gradient Readjustment of plant land farm field WWTP in Guangnan by local government and 35 and building County some economy land compensation

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5.1.1.7 TRANSPORTATION IMPACT Pipeline net construction obviously impact on road transportation. Temporal storing of remaining earthwork during constructing affects traffic along pipeline. Tunnel excavation across the roads is subjected to blockade local transportation and brings along strong impacts. Therefore, pipe-jacking is the first resolution to release transportation jam in the condition of tolerable geological and soil conditions. However, pipe-jacking bring down the road bearing capacity and is limited to heavy load trucks. These can still influence municipal transportation. According to the estimation, about 20 days are needed for the construction for each project, brings along road jam at the same time. Large transportation with raw materials (sand, stone and concrete) might not jam municipal transportation due to different time schedule, perhaps, at night. Transportation for constructional materials, deserted soil and etc. increases the vehicles flow on the road and the land occupation narrows the part of the roads bring along dust flying in a fine day and muddy road in a rainy day, as well as daytime, it tends to impact the road or local transportation. The disorder situation might not finish until end of the subcomponentconstruction. Good separation and protection in the sites might decrease the accidental rate of passengers.

5.1.1.8 HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACT The staffs of the projects come from all over the country with great liquidality, due to the big volume of the subcomponentconstruction. Epidemic diseases are subjected to be brought along by different accommodation, sanitary conditions and intensive labour. Complete physical examination for the staffs, has to be established to strictly prohibit site entrance of the infected. Periodical physical examination for the staffs in dining halls can prevent epidemic diseases. Once the infection is found and it must be relocated from the dining hall. Centralized water supplied equipments must be set up as well as medical apparatuses with nurseries. Good labour condition might guarantee the health, safe of the staffs and the sound of the projects.

5.1.1.9 THE IMPACTS ON SENSITIVE POINTS Main environmental sensitive points of the section refer to the impacted special conservative region, ecological sensitive region, natural habitat and culture resources, and international watershed. (1) The impacts on special conservative region, ecological sensitive region, natural habitat Water supply and STPs concerning special conservative region, ecological sensitive region, and natural habitat listed below table.

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Table5.1-10 especial protective and ecological sensitive zone and rare species habitat Prefecture/munici Environmental Main protection Name of Subcomponents Type or level pal sensitive spot object Drainage pipe web construction II-class of water Natural protection Dali Erhai subcomponentof Dali town body area of national level

Drainage pipe web construction Tinghu III-class of water Wenshan Potential for tourism subcomponentof Yanshan town reservoir body

especial protective Qingxi reservoir Class one zone

Lijiang The second SWTP in Lijiang II-class of water Area of protection for Zhongji sea body drinking water

Urban Sewer Network in Dali City: Constructional sewage, as well as soil and water erosion are the major impacts to Erhai. There is no sewage discharging from the constructional sites, because the site situates in built-up area and the staffs use existing infrastructures. The constructional period is planned in dry season to avoid waste water production and discharging from site and equipment cleaning. The deserted soil will be disposed in a pre-settled place with good resolutions of soil and water conservation. Therefore , the subcomponenthas little impact on Erhai water quality. Sewer network in Yanshan County: The subcomponentimpacts on Tinghu reservoir. It introduces the sewage used to discharging into Tinghu reservoir to intercepting sewer and to be treated in constructed STP. Therefore, it has little impacts on Tinghu reservoir avoiding discharge the constructional waste water into it. No.2 WWTP in Lijiang City The subcomponentconstruction might impact on Qingxi reservoir and Zhongjihai, out of which Zhongjihai is graded as the class two in terms of water quality, drinking-water-resource protection area and Qingxi reservoir is special conservative region. The branch pipeline will surround Zhongjihai and as long as 80m from west of Qingxi reservoir. The subcomponentimpacts on Qingxi reservoir and Zhongjihai are suspended dust and constructional waste water. According to above analysis, to limited impact area (generally within 30m), it is suggested to reuse waste water, reuse deserted earthwork as municipal reforesting in the future, the subcomponentstates lower height than the reservoir and the lake, so the impact to those two areas is rather less. (2) The impacts on material and cultural resources

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The table below lists the relevant material and cultural resources of water supply and STP projects

Table 5.1-11 matter and culture resource site of Name of Construction culture and resource projects sub-components content name site protect level cultural relic protect southern pavilion 20 meter unites of city level cultural relic protect northern pavilion 20 meter unites of city level cultural relic protect eastern pavilion 20 meter unites of city level cultural relic protect western pavilion 20 meter unites of city level Duwenliu house for cultural relic protect 55 meter general unites of city level cultural relic protect Xiyun college 20 meter unites of city level revolution martyr cultural relic protect 50 meter Drainage pipeline monument unites of city level construction cultural relic protect all souls’day hall 30 meter subcomponentof unites of city level Dali old town cultural relic protect Christ hall 25 meter unites of city level cultural relic protect Zhongxi college 20 meter unites of city level cultural relic protect Puxian temple 30 meter unites of city level ancestral temple of cultural relic protect Drainage pipe 20 meter Jiang unites of city level line construction Dali town god temple in cultural relic protect subcomponentof 30 meter Dali unites of city level Dali cultural relic protect Wenmiao city gate 50 meter unites of city level cultural relic protect Wumiaozhaobi 25 meter unites of city level racial building of important protection 25 meter Xizhou write race units of national level cultural relic protect court of Yan 30 meter unites of national level cultural relic protect court of Dong 25 meter unites of national level cultural relic protect court of Yang 30 meter unites of national level Drainage pipeline cultural relic protect construction court of Zhao 25 meter unites of national level subcomponentof cultural relic protect Xizhou Town, Dali court of Yi 25 meter unites of national level cultural relic protect Daci temple 30 meter unites of national level cultural relic protect Canyi library 50 meter unites of national level cultural relic protect Yangzhuoran court 30 meter unites of national level Daqing tree 50 meter 500years history WWTP in cultural relic protect Pipeline Wenshan Guangnan Haotian cabinet 90 meter unites of provincial construction County level

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site of Name of Construction culture and resource projects sub-components content name site protect level cultural relic protect West 50 Nongshitushi yamun unites of provincial meter level West 50 cultural relic protect meter、 Dutian cabine unites of provincial north 60 level meter cultural relic protect South 60 Wanshou booth unites of prefecture meter level cultural relic protect stone torri unites of county level emperor aunt s’ South 100 cultural relic protect grave meter unites of county level East 60 cultural relic protect south bridge meter unites of county level

Urban sewer in Dali City Dali ancient city and Xizhou ancient town situate in Class-3 conservative region of Dali Scenic Area of National Cultural and Historical Preservation. Xizhou ancient town has “Xizhou Bai Nationality Folk Groups of Architecture”- national important cultural and historical preservation units, important folk buildings and ancient architectures, which is prioritize as standard 1 protective target. The subcomponentconstructs along the municipal roads with little excavation and impacts, strictly comply with “China Cultural and Historical Preservation Law”, “Protection Planning of Cultural and Historical City”, “Municipal Ancient and Famous Tree Protective and Managing Act” and relevant laws, regulations. Therefore, it has little impacts on the units. In addition, the managing departments of the units provide no impact report of the subcomponentconstruction concerning projects above. (See the appendix) WWTP in Guangnan County On sides’ pipeline, there are some cultural and historical protection sites, such as Haotiange, Nongshitusiyamen, Dutiange, Wanshouting, Shipaifang, Huanggumu, Nanqiao, which are protected at provincial, municipal or county levels. . The main impact of pipeline construction on these sites is from excavation. In feasibility study, surface construction is avoided. Therefore, subcomponentconstruction will not damage above sites. However, dust brought along will have some impact, which requires subcomponentcontractor to take some measreus. Separate construction, protective screen, water sprinkling, construction period shortening can effectively reduce dust and therefore mitigate the impacts on the sites. (3) Impacts on International waterway WWTP in Dengchuan Town of Eryuan County, urban sewage pipeline network in Dali City and urban sewage pipeline network in Wenshan County are connected with international

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waterways. Dali subproject’s pollutant-receiving water body is Xi’er River-a branch of Lancang River, about 460km away from the area where it becomes Mekong river. Urban sewage pipeline network in Wenshan County’s pollutant-receiving water body is Panlong River, whose name is Lujiang after flowing out of the boundary, about 90km away from the boundary exit of the international waterways. The main impacts on the international waterways are only in operation period and there is a little implacts during constructional period.

5.1.2 Waterway (lakes) comprehensive regulaiton This category of projects mainly impact the water bodies during the process of waterway dredging and sludge disposal, which is the focus of this section. The general analysis on waste water, noise and ecological impacts are discussed also. This category of projects include all subprojects: Integrated water environmental regulation of major rivers flowing into Lake Erhai Water environmental comprehensive regulation subcomponentin Yongan River; Water environmental comprehensive regulation subcomponentin Luoshi River; Water environmental comprehensive regulation subcomponentin Miju River; Water environmental comprehensive regulation subcomponentin Boluo River; Water environmental comprehensive regulaiton subcomponentin Canshan Eighteen Creek; Integrated environmental regulation along the section of Panlong River within Wenshan County Town area; Integrated environmental improvement in Putting River basin in Fu'ning County Integrated improvement of water environment in Lake Puzhehei of Qiubei County

5.1.2.1 SLUDGE DREDGING IMPACT ANALYSIS Projects in the category of waterway (lakes) comprehensive regulation include 2 projects: Water environmental comprehensive regulation in Miju River Integrated environmental improvement in Putting River basin in Fu'ning County (1) Dredging project Subcomponentone: Water environmental comprehensive regulation in Miju River Vast sludge in banks and beaches of the whole river lowers down the capacity of flood flowing. Therefore, it needs dredging. Miju River dike subcomponentis relevant to 9.45km long waterway dredging. The waterway bottom is sandy. The subcomponentdredges small

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part of the waterway, in which the sludge blockades proper flood flowing. The sludge will be dredged out, disposed in an designated place and refilled to the waterway finally. Subcomponenttwo: Integrated environmental improvement in Putting River basin in Fu'ning County The city of Fu’ning county has 5.58km waterway which needs to be comprehensively regulated, on which there are 4 bridges, 11km length of dike, 10000m2 of revetment belt and 2.2km of river bank road. Total volume of sludge is 16,000m3, 7730t with the intensity of 2.1t/m3 and low water containing rate. Pu’ting River has a small volume of water flow, low water level and narrow waterway in dry season, according to the watershed hydrological data and dredging experiences of recent years. Direct mechanical dredging will be used section by section. Generally, the dredging method used is” dredging one side firstly, divert water into the dredged section secondly and then turn to another side of the river”, according to the realistic river water distribution and flow rate. Figure 5.1-1 indicates the dredging process, which is used to dredge sludge with low water content. The sludge is temporally piled at a beach site and then transported by vehicles to Bancun bottom sludge disposal site.

Dredging section Dry season Mechanical Vehicle dredging transportation

Stabilization Restoration of treatment sludge disposal site

Figure 5.1-1 Dredging process (2) Impacts of Dredging subcomponenton water environment Subcomponentone: Water environmental comprehensive regulation subcomponentin Miju River Disturbance of river bed re-suspends some small amount of sludge in the process of dredging. Especially in rainy season, it will bring about water turbidity. Mistreatment would ruin the water quality and be harmful to flood resistance. Subcomponenttwo: Integrated environmental improvement in Putting River basin in Fu'ning County

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Waterway dredging (including bridge treatment) disturbs under water sludge, increases concentration of SS and heavy metals at construction site and relevant water bodies and impacts downstream water quality. SS impact analysis Section by section dredging method will be used in Pu’ting waterway in dry season, according to dredging experiences of recent years. The method might increase SS in part of water body, which is diluted and settled by the river. The SS increase is not obvious 100m away downstream. On the other hand, aquatic organisms and plants do not appear due to many years ofr dredging. Recently, the aquatic eco-system mainly contains benthos, which is insensitive to SS increase. Therefore, SS due to dredging has little impact. Heavy metal impacts The pollutants into the natural water bodies will become a layer of sludge and accumulate there, which can be re-suspended when there is a speedy flow and turbulence. Vast amount of pollutants are released into water as secondary pollution, which are the main pollutant elements after the external pollution sources are removed. Dissolution of sludge pollutant greatly impacts water quality and sludge assessment mainly relies upon dissolubility of the pollutants. Research indicates that adsorption properties of low concentration heavy metallic ion is similar to Henry models, therefore partition coefficients can be used to describe the absorption properties of sediment for different ions in different conditions. So called partition coefficients refer to the distribution between solid phase and liquid phase when it gets to absorption balance (like below table): Kd=S/C S: mass ratio in solid phase when it gets to the absorption balance C: mass concentration in liquid phase when it gets to the absorption balance Partition coefficients of part of heavy metals (Kd) see table 5.1-10.

Table 5.1-10 Experimental Data of Distribution Coefficient (Kd) of partial Heavy Metal Pollutants

Heavy ＋＋ Pb Cd Zn As Cr3 Cr6 metal Kd 4419～1186 1197～183 4234～1054 166～7.3 1714～292 0.64～0.09

Pb, Cd, As and Zn are chosen to calculate the concentration of constructional water bodies, using Henry formula with water quality monitoring results of Pu’ting River and local industrial pollution condition. The results are list in table 5.1-11.

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Table5.1-11 Concentration Calculation Results for Partial Heavy Metal Pollutants in illiquid Phase Heavy metal Pb Cd Zn As Kd 4419～1186 1197～183 4234～1054 166～7.3 Sludge concentration 246.44 3.44 2261.24 0.30 (mg/kg） liquid 0.056～0.21 0.0029～0.019 0.53～2.15 0.0018～0.041 concentration(mg/L） Note: the maximum values of sludge concentration in three sections are displayed in above table.

Table 5.1-11 gives the concentration in liquid phase correspondent to sludge. The heavy metals are hard to spread into the whole waterway section after releasing from solid phase. The analogical analysis on waterway dredging practice indicates that the heavy metals generally aggregate within the 10m3 water body near the construction site (for easier prediction, presume uniform distribution of the metal concentration within the scale). Based on this, EIA uses complete blending model for prediction. The formula is below: c = (c Q + c Q ) /(Q + Q ) 0 p p h h P h c 0:——concentration after blending ； c p :——discharging concentration of the project，mg/L；

Q p ——discharging volume of the project，m3/s； c h ——upper stream concentration of the pollutants，mg/L；

Q h ——upper stream water volume，m3/s。 The prediction results see table 5.1-12 (the low water season flow rate of Pu’ting River is 49.5m3/s in the prediction section).

Table 5.1-12 Concentration Calculation Results for Parital Heavy Metal Pollutants in Liquid Phase Heavy metal Pb Cd Zn As (mg/L）forecast value 0.0042 0.0038 0.43 0.0082 monitoring value of water — 0.05 0.05 — quality in Putting river overlay value (mg/L) － 0.0538 0.48 － Limit for III-level water body in 0.05 0.005 1.0 0.05 GB3838-2002(mg/L) standard compliance Compliance non-compliance Compliance Compliance Note: the above prediction value is the maximum liquid concentration, calculated by the data in table 5.1-11.

Table5 .1-12 indicates that sludge dredging disturbs the sludge and releases the heavy metals in the sludge, which produces unobvious impact on the water quality of Pu’ting River. Meanwhile, Cd concentration of monitoring data exceeds the standard (the main pollution source is the mining and milling plants upper flow). However, the dissolved Cd from the sludge according to the prediction data contributes little portion (7.6%) of the monitoring

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data. Therefore, the sludge produced Cd has little aggregation on the water pollution of Pu’ting River. Therefore, the impacts of the process of waterway dredging on Pu’ting River quality are acceptable. (3) The impacts on atmosphere The sludge contains vast amount of organisms, anaerobic fermented to release odor materials, such as ammonia, H2S and etc. They are sensorial displeasing odors, which release in the process of sludge dredging. Analogue analysis on the condition of Dianchi inner lake dredging indicates that weak smell can be felt in the process of dredging and the odor intensity generally gets to 2-3 degree. Therefore, waterway dredging releases low intensified odor, which has little impact on surroundings. (4) The impacts on ecological environment Waterway dredging wipes out benthic eco-system, changes the present situation of it. However, the change is beneficial for the construction of virtuous waterway eco-system, growth and bleeding of plankton of waterways. Further, present mono eco-system is changed, which flourishes municipal waterway landscape.

5.1.2.2 THE IMPACTS OF DREDGED SLUDGE DISPOSAL ON ENVIRONMENT (1) Sludge properties analysis z Sludge monitoring Environmental monitoring station of Dali and Wenshan prefecture respectively sampled and tested the heavy metallic elements of sludge in the dredged river sections to find out sludge properties. Specific results see table 5.1-13. Table 5.1-13 sludge sampling and analysis subcomponentname Overall regulation of water environment Overall regulation of Putting river basin in

in Mizu river, Dali Funing content monitoring time 5 March, 2007 2006 年 10 月 9 日 9 July, 2007 9, October 2006 monitoring and sampling Environmental monitoring station of Environmental monitoring station of organization Dali Wenshan Prefecture Monitoring and sampling Two sections at Zibi Lake and Jiangwei 3 sections at Dongfeng bridge, north section Bridge. bridge and Caihong bridge 5 sections at Shaoshui river, Youzou and Dengchuan and initial part of Mizu river monitoring pH, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, As Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, As Analysis methods pH—GB/T6920-1986 Glass electrode method Pb and Zn - GB/T17138-1997 Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry Cu,Cd- GB/T17141-1997 Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry As- total arsenic--Silver diethyldithiocarbamate spectrophotometry ...

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Specific sampling section see appendix figure 5.1-1 and 5.1-2. z Sampling point arrangement principles of bottom sludge monitoring A. Generally sampling points of bottom sludge are located right bellow the perpendicular of water sampling points. Slightly moving is tolerable if it cannot be sampled in the place right bellow and the moving specific places have to be noted in the sampling records. B. Sampling points avoid river bed erosion points, unstable sediment, aquatic plants bloom surface layer and disturbing sludge points. z The sum up of bottom sludge monitoring results The monitoring results of “Aquatic environmental comprehensive treatment subcomponentin Miju River” see table 5.1-14. The monitoring results of “Integrated environmental improvement in Putting River basin in Fu'ning County” see table 5.1-15.

Table 5.1-14 Monitoring Results for Sludge Dredge in Overall Regulaiton of Water Envionrmnt in Mizu

River monitoring factors pH Cu Zn Cd Pb As monitoring site Section of Youshuo 9.18 46.0 64.6 <0.1 56.3 8.39 river Section of Denchuan 8.45 44.0 65.3 <0.1 51.8 6.16 river Inlet of Mizu river 9.18 85.4 83.4 <0.1 52.1 14.66 Cibi Lake 8.03 17.07 103.69 <0.025 <0.4 Undetected JiangWei bridge 7.95 19.40 71.91 <0.025 40.53 6.362 Limit of GB4284-84(neutral and alkaline soil) Soil envioronment quality 100 250 0.6 300 25 standard(pH6.5-7.5） Standard compliance compliance compliance compliance compliance Compliance

Table 5.1-15 Monitoring Results for Sludge Dredge in Overall Regulaiton of Water Envionrmnt in

Puting River (unit：mg/kg) monitoring factors Cu Pb Zn Cd As monitoring site Dongfen bridge 80.390 80.166 2261.237 2.4996 0.104

Bai bridge 96.908 246.440 597.391 3.4448 0.301

Caihong bridge 110.989 142.181 703.517 3.7003 0.011

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Limit of GB4284-84(alkaline soil) Limit of GB4284-84(acid soil) compliance compliance compliance compliance compliance Standard compliance GB15618-1995(pH>6.5） compliance compliance noncomplianc compliance compliance Standard compliance e

Assessment standard: GB4284-84 “Pollutant control standard for agricultural sludge” and GB15618-1995 “soil environmental quality standard”. z Monitoring results analysis A. Each heavy metal index of sludge sampling points on Miju River are bellow the highest tolerable standard of GB4284-84 “Pollutant control standard for agricultural sludge” and the second standard of GB15618-1995 “soil environmental quality standard”. B. except Zn, every other heavy metal indexes of sludge on Pu’ting River are bellow the highest tolerable standard of GB4284-84 “Pollutant control standard for agricultural sludge” and GB15618-1995 “soil environmental quality standard”. The reason is that waste water from Pd, Zn mines is discharged into upstream of Pu’ting River. (2) Sludge disposal measures z Overall regulation of water environment in Miju River: completely refilled without being transported away. z Integrated environmental improvement in Putting River basin in Fu'ning County: transported to Bancun temporal piling site and soil earthed, landfilled after the construction. (3) Environmental feasibility analysis of sludge disposal z Overall regulation of water environment in Miju River The subcomponentoccasionally dredges the sandy bottom of the waterways in order to discharge flood with only small and discontinuous scale, where it is needed. The dredged sludge is completely refilled without being transported away. Therefore, the sludge disposal is feasible. At the same time, the monitoring results of the sludge indicate that the heavy metal concentration satisfies the second standard of GB15618-1995 “soil environmental quality standard”. According to the standard, “the soil satisfying the second standard basically has no hazard and pollution to plants and environment”. Therefore, sludge refilling to the

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waterway has little impact on the water quality. However, measures have to be taken for the temporal piling to guarantee no sludge erosion as a secondary pollution. z Integrated environmental improvement in Putting River basin in Fu'ning County With many years of dredging experience and practice, the sludge can be transported to Bancun temporal sludge storage site. It is soil earthed after the construction. The dredged sludge is piled up and soil earthed and the disposal site is not near the villages around the county city. So far little impact has been found on ground and proper lives of nearby residences. The soil earthed sludge can activate the growth of crops and forests. Analog analysis with the sludge disposal practice indicates the sludge earthed has little pollution tendency towards crops and the soil. Therefore, the bottom sludge by the subcomponentdisposed by the landfill , soil earthed in-piling situ –site closure is feasible. (4)The impact analysis of sludge disposal site The dredged sludge will be transported by vehicles to Bancun disposal site,20 mu large and 3 km south of Fun’ning county. Bancun situates in 30m of the upper wind direction-northeast of the disposal sight. The disposal site releases the leachate impacting on ground water and odor on the atmosphere and ecosystem of the village. ①Leachate impact on ground water Low-water-content sludge after transported to the disposal site releases little leachate. The dredging lasts for 1 month and the disposal site will be closed and soil earthed immediately after the dredging. The dry season construction is still possibly leached by precipitation and releases some leachate, which though is small amount. The leachate contains COD, SS, TP, TN. Multi-year practical experience indicates that the necessary resolutions such as seepage control, timely soil earthed especially after the dredge might eliminate the leachate and its impacts to the limit. ②The leachate contains COD,SS,TP,TN. Analog analysis from the multi-year dredging practice indicates that the pollutants from the leachate produce unobvious impacts on the soil and ground water. Another reason form the little impact on the soil and ground water by the sludge is that the sludge is with a small amount and short piling period. ③Odor impact The sludge contains vast amount of organisms, which, after anaerobic digestion, will release odor, such as ammonia, H2S and etc. Dredging disturbs the sludge, releases the odor and increase the odor intensity. Analogue analysis on the condition of Dianchi inner lake dredging indicates that odor intensity generally gets to 2-3 degree or the top 4.The impacts can extend to with 100m or longer in the down wind direction.

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The transportation of sludge to the piling site releases odors like that of dredging, i.e. the staffs in the piling site can smell it. The odor intensity would drop while the sludge separates from the mud after piling for a period. Among the sensitive points, Bancun situated 30 of the site, the upper and side wind direction with the odor impact area. There are 4 families, which could be impacted if the wind direction changes. The others sensitive points receive little impact. According to the investigation, the dehydration site of Kunming Daqing River is similar to the project. 76,000m3 slugde with 6 month period are dehydrated in Daqing river. The nearest residential area is only 20m away. However, there is no residence disturbance and complaint happened. Therefore, the odor of the dredged sludge is contollable if the resolutions are strictly enacted. Analog with the practice of Kunming Daqing river indicates that 16,000m3 sludge in Putting river is with shorter dehydration period (6 months for Daqing river) and less leachate due to the dry season construction. The odor impacts have Timeliness and would not last. Meanwhile, limestone application to disinfection might bring down the odor impact or make it unobvious. The EIA suggests that the piled sludge be covered by plastic membrane Hollowed-Out, which can diminish the odor and leachate compared with the open piling. Meanwhile, the odor has Timeliness and the odor feeling is not obvious. However, it still can be smelt in several period of time (especially when wind direction changes). After the construction, the site is soil earthed and the odor will extinct. ④Impacts on ecosystem According to on-site investigation, there is no natural vegetation and mainly secondary vegetation. Herbage Plants for the land coverage, whose main ecological function is soil and water conservation. However, the function is weak. Some crops such wheat and vegetables are planted in the site, but the growth is not well due to the low nutrition soil. To sum up, the site displays obvious agricultural ecosystem properties with some capacity of soil and water conservation. The frequent local human activities tend to weaken the eco-functions and the local biodiversity becomes monoculture. Valuable and rare propagations are not found. The site has not special eco-function. After all, its ecofunction is fragile. The sludge disposal site will completely change the present eco-environment. Sludge piling and soil earthing change present vegetation and crops, which are the components of the present ecosystem. The fragile eco-function might not be further degraded because the site will be soil earthed, closed and reforested, after the dredging. On the contrary, the local eco-environment and soil and water conservation capacity might be improved with the high virescence rate and the largest eco-benefits. Therefore, the sludge disposal site construction has a tolerable eco-impact. (5)Rationality analysis of sludge disposal site selected

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The impact analysis of sludge disposal site indicates the most unfavorable Factor of the site is near Bancun. The odor from the sludge brings along some impacts on 4 families in the village. The subcomponentis commissioned in the downtown region of Putting river with dense residences and small open grounds. Direct mechanically dredging permitting a short transportation distance greatly restricts the sludge disposal site selection. With on-site investigation and experience of multi-year dredging, the company owner has appointed the site, which is in Bancun 3km south of the county city, 20mu large. Bancun situates in the upper wind and the southwest of, 30m away from the site. The odor intensity tends to drop due to dry season dredging with shorter dehydration period than wet season one and limestone disinfection. The EIA concludes that the impacts of sludge disposal site are short-termed, limestone application can diminish the odor, intubation drainage can shorten the sludge dehydration with the intensified management, timely soil earthed and virescence can eliminate the odor to the most. Therefore, the bottom sludge site selection is feasible, after the odor is decrease. (6)The guarantee of the sludge safety properties ①the main pollution source investigation Overall regulation of water environment in Miju River The pollution source in the watershed of Miju River is the domestic waste water and the main pollution load is non-point source, out of which rural non-point source is the main, accounting for 59.9%. The second biggest source is agricultural non-point source, accounting for 39.3%. Water and soil erosion bears fairly large portion of the pollution load. The estimate shows that 3694t nitrogen, 129.2t phosphorus out of the agricultural fertilizers was lost to Miju River in 2003 as well as 2020.5t COD and 253.1t from rural non-point source. Investigation indicates no industrial wastes in the river. Integrated environmental improvement in Putting River basin in Fu'ning County Fun’ning’s industry is underdeveloped with 3 factories along the river, which are Jintaide Medicine Production Plant, Anlong Pb and Zn Milling Plant and Jinyuan Ferroalloy Plant. The factories discharge waste water, especially Anlong, which is the main contributor to high Zn content. ② Industrial pollution control plan “Yunnan Provincial Environmental Protection “the 11th Five Year” Planning and “ The Notice of Implementing the Commissions for the Industrial Pollution Sources Completely Satisfying the Standard from the Handing Office of Yunnan Provincial Government” require that enterprises with large pollution load must completely satisfy their pollutants discharge

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standards, and that government strengthens the prevention and treatment of industrial pollution, aiming at controlling the total pollutant volume.. Daili, Dali Autonomy Prefecture prohibited the fish farming in net-cage in Xi Lake and Chibi Lake the water source of Erhai and engines of motorboats in Erhai, wipe off the spoiling of aquatic seeds by the fish farming in net-cage and eliminating the water pollution by the fish farming and the motorboats. The Environmental Protection Bureau of Dali Autonomy Prefecture, Erhai Protection Bureau and Jiangwei Town Government set up a pollution blockade brake and more than 30 pieces of environmental notices. Jiangwei, Yousuo, Dengchuan and Shuanglang town are equipped with 6 garbage transporting trucks. 15 person Miju River protection team was established. The second garbage landfill site proceeding process commenced. Rural non-point source pollution treatment such as reformation of water intake, kitchen and toilet was actively implemented. Marsh gas projects were construction important areas. Garbage collection systems were constructed in part of the villages. New farm village with apparently clean and eco-friendly demonstrations were constructed such Lijiayin and etc., which obviously improve the rural eco-environment and living surroundings. The environmental management of centralized poultry and stock farming was enhanced to separate out the farming prohibition zones. Mountainous virescence and conservation of water and soil was strengthened. 1666 ha of artificial reforest and 3206 ha of forest maintenance in the mountainous of Miju River watershed to increase the forest coverage are put into national eco-construction planning and under investment. In addition, “the 15th Plan of Erhai Water Comprehensive Treatment in Dali Autonomy Prefecture”, “the Planning of Environmental Comprehensive Treatment in Miju River Watershed” and etc. were completed. In Wenshan Autonomou Prefecture The important resolution of pollution load elimination is the control of industrial pollution. The complete implementation of “the Enhanced Standard Satisfying” consolidates the standard satisfying results further. Pollution source on-site checking and monitoring has been enforced to find illegal discharging and punish according to the laws. Each county listed a set of important pollution sources to guarantee the complete standardization of traditional industries with high-technologies greatly eliminated pollution discharging by tech-upgrading and energy-saving. Pollution load diminishing plans with enhanceddard satisfying. Re monitoring and industrial properties were setup in light, chemical, metallurgical, non-ferrous, coal and constructional material industries. Economical management departments in every governmental level required combining pollution load diminishing and tech-upgrading plans such as implementing clean production modes or ISO 14000 recognition to setup the resolutions for pollution load elimination. The pollution load further decrease will adjust the present industrial structure.

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To sum up, the government of Dali and Wenshan respectively set up and implemented non-point source and industrial pollution source control plans. It attached great significance for the protection and sustainable development of Miju and Putting River after the dredging.

5.1.2.3 ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF OTHER COMPREHENSIVE REGULATION PROJECTS (1) Integrated environmental renovation along the section of Panlong River within Wenshan County Town area Vegetation and animal in the region is wide spread species generally without important national protective species. The spoiling of the living condition will be hard to bring along the local species extinction and the impact can restrict within a limited region. The occupied land is only part of the cultivated land of the village, which will be restored and returned after the construction. The impact on the crops lasts very short. Subcomponentland occupied and excavation damages the living conditions of the animals by narrowing the living rooms. However, the impact time is limited and the area is small. In addition, the number of planktons does not change and the aquatic vascular plants are not impacted on. (2) Integrated improvement of water environment in Lake Puzhehei of Qiubei County (2) Integrated improvement of water environment in Lake Puzhehei of Qiubei County The subcomponentdoes not invovle ancient and famous tree and is away from the core area of Puzhehei scenic point. The construction has little impact on the proper guess reception. The occupied land is with inabundant vegetation, such as fish farming ponds and farm lands, which has little. Uncultivated Lands’ vegetation coverage is still low as well as he occupied lake area and beaches. The subcomponentregion has no relevance with the valuable and rare plants and little impact on the plants. National protected birds (Grade I and II) appear in the subcomponentsite. The construction might disturb them on their proper lifes such as the machinery noise and suspended dust. Wet land construction will occupy some lake area, beaches, uncultivated land and bushes and narrow the birds living area. Artificial wetland commissions after the construction will partly or wholly restore the living conditions.

5.1.2.4 IMPACTS ON MAIN SENSITIVE POINTS The below table displays the concerning special protective area, ecological sensitive area and natural inhabits.

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Table 5.1-10 special protection area, ecologically sensitive area, rare habitat Prefect Name of Sensitive engineering Protection target Type or level ure Sub-project sites Overall regulation of Aquatic ecologic water East lake Wetland of Yunnan environment environment in Yong’an river Aquatic ecologic Natural reserve at prefecture Haixi lake environment level Overall Overall regulation of regulation of Lake&aquatic Natural reserve at prefecture water Cibi lake water creature level environment in Dali environment in Mizu river major rivers Aquatic ecologic Natural scenic resort at West lake flowing into environment provincial level Erhai lake basin Overall regulation of water Sanshao Class-Ⅱ Water special protection area environment in resevior Boluoji river and Shibaxi Natural reserve at nationa / Erhai lake Class-Ⅱ Water level Overall regulation of water Wildlife, original Wens Natural reserve at provincial environment in Puzhehei lake , Puzhehei landform, plateau han level Qiubei county lake

Overall regulation of water environmen in Yongan River The construction concerning Donghu of the subcomponentis to repair the broken and damaged bank and switches to ecological bank, which cleans the lake water and perfects the ecosystem along the bank. The pollution of the construction to the lake is waste water and water, soil erosion. Waste water reuse, the refill to the municipal depressions, small portion for municipal virescence impacts little on Donghu Lake. Overall regulation of water environmen in Miju River The subcomponentwould disturb the river bed, construct artificial wet land system, the restore Haixihai waste mine, broken banks of reservoir and beach ecosystem, which will re-suspend the mud and the sand. The excavation and soil earthed might bring about the water and soil erosion, which especially causes water turbidity and turns down water quality if mismanagement. The relevant resolutions will ease the impacts and details see the sixth chapter. Overall regulation of water environmen in Boluo River and Canshan Eighteen Streams Shansao reservoir is located in Fenyi town of Dali city, the upper flow of Boluo River. The dam height is 2054 and the geological coordination is east longitude 100°19′49″,north latitude 25°29′42″. The watershed covers 31.6km2. The water volume of Boluo River is

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controlled by the reservoir. The river receives farm land runoff , discharges flood in flood season and irrigates in dry season. Integrated improvement of water environment in Lake Puzhehei of Qiubei County The subcomponentis very far away form the core area of Puzhehei scenic point and not concern ancient and famous trees. Therefore, the construction has little impact on the Puzhehai Lake. (2) The impact on cultural resources in material form The conditions of Water supply plants and WWSTPs concerning the material and cultural resources see below table. Projects in the water of waterway (Lakes) comprehensive treatment type are “integrated environmental renovation along the section of Panlong River within Wenshan County Town area” and “Integrated improvement of water environment in Lake Puzhehei of Qiubei County”

Table 5.1-12 Physical Cultural Resources Material Cultural Resources Sites of Name of sub-components projects name site Protect level Integrated river way Huituzhai Southwest Cultural relic(architecture) treatment Neolithic relic 1000m County level subcomponentof Panlong soil erosion Cultural relic (architecture) Rock floor river in Wenshan county controlling area County level Wenshan Integrated Water Lion mountain Protected cultural relic 1000m environmental treatment Rock-paintings prefecture level subcomponentof Puzhehei Puge Protected cultural relic 1000m lake in Qiubei county rock-paintings prefecture level

Integrated riverway treatment subcomponentof Panlong River covers the central town of Wenshan county as well as some villages of Dehao Town, Hongdian town and Binglie town. Huituzhai Neolithic relic site and Rock floor site are close to the subcomponentarea. One of the main and important targets of the subcomponentis to improve the ecological environment, promote maintenance of the Cultural relic through the soil erosion controlling subcomponentin the upstream of Panlong River. Huituzhai Neolithic relic site is on the riverside. The relic sites protection will be involved in the subcomponentto improve the environmental around the site and riversides. Strictly protection measures must be implemented during the subcomponentconstruction. Integrated improvement of water environment in Lake Puzhehei of Qiubei County Some rock paintings are founded in the Lion Mountain, the east of Yuzhe town and Shuangyinlong town, but it is very far from the subcomponentarea. The impacts of the subcomponentare little.

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(3) Impacts on the international river reach The impacts on the international river reach are as followed: The major rivers involved in the subcomponentarea flow into Erhai lake, and then to the Lanchan River through the only outlet- Xier River. The distance from the subcomponentand the international reach is 460km. Therefore, it has no impact on the water quantity and quality of the international reach.

5.1.3 Subcomponentof municipal facilities of waste treatment

5.1.3.1 NOISE IMPACT ANALYSIS The waste treatment sites are always in the plainness area with ditches and digestion tank. The equipments including bulldozers, road rollers, blenders and excavation machineries are the main noise pollution source to the staffs and environment. CJJ17-2001 “Technical guidelines for Municipal Solid Waste Sanitary Landfill” requires that the refuse landfill site must be 500 meters away from the residential area .Therefore, only the staffs are impacted by the equipment noise.

5.1.3.2 AIR POLLUTION ANALYSIS Dust (TSP) is the main air pollutant during the period of excavation, earthwork and soil refilling .The air pollution is temporal, and disappearing with the end of project. Moreover, the dust caused by the equipments and vehicles passing on the temporal roads is another pollution source. Investigation shows that the impacted area of dust during the period of excavation, earthwork and soil refilling is only within 30m along the road and the concentration of TSP is only 10mg/m3 .In addition, the waste air from the vast vehicle is one of the air pollution sources.

5.1.3.3 SURFACE WATER IMPACT Staff domestic sewage, waste water from the equipments and vehicles is the main water pollution source during the period of excavation, earthwork and soil refilling. The main pollutants are SS, BOD5 and etc. the pollutant from the vehicle and equipment waste water mainly contains SS and oil. Sewage is always treated by septic tank and reused. Waste water from the equipments and vehicles will be collected and treated by settling tank and reused.

5.1.3.4 SOLID WASTE IMPACT ANALYSIS Solid waste mainly comes from broken bricks, stone, washing residues, several of packaging boxes and bags, garbage as well as constructional solid waste. Broken bricks and stone are in-situ refilled to the bases. Most of packaging materials are collected and sold to waste

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purchasing station. Constructional solid waste is out-transported and disposed by Municipal Sanitary Stations. Therefore, the impacts during the construction are little...

5.1.3.5 IMPACTS ON SOIL AND PLANTS Table 5.1-16 displays the resent vegetation of every city refuse landfill site.

Table 5.1-16 Status of Vegetation on Domestic Garbage landfill Sites Subcomponentsites Name of projects Status Domestic waste treatment facilities of shrubs, corn land Luquan Domestic waste treatment facilities of Kunming Barren hill Songming Domestic waste treatment facilities of Barren hill,land Xundian Domestic waste treatment facilities of Dali Orchard,grassland, Burma pine wood Eryuan Domestic waste treatment facilities of coniferous and broad leaf forests、 Lijiang Lijiang Shaw，land and barren hill Domestic waste treatment facilities of Corn land, poor vegetations，secondary Malipo forest； Domestic waste treatment facilities of Wenshan Woodland Funing Domestic waste treatment facilities of Barren hilly land Maguan The table indicates that the sites are uncultivated mountains, mountains, Non-timber forest lands and cultivated lands. The biomass is diminished and the land use properties are altered. Some valuable, rare, endangered and special species are found in the subcomponentregions and perhaps will be damaged during the period of subcomponentimplementation the eco-functions of land use can be restored after the soil restored, reforested with flowers, grass and trees.

5.1.3.6 THE IMPACTS ON PHYSICAL CULTURAL RESOURCES. Every projects concern Physical cultural resources.

5.1.4 Other types of projects Other types of projects contain “Rural non-point pollution control in Erhai Lake Basin”, “integrated environmental treatment subcomponentof Lion Mountain in Lijiang archaic town”, “Monitoring and management support system for total amount control of water pollutants in Dianchi Lake Basin” and “Capacity building in environmental monitoring and supervision system of Wenshan Prefecture”. The former two is constructional projects and the later two is the projects of capacity building. The impacts analysis in the construction period focuses on the former.

5.1.4.1 THE IMPACT OF THE DUST POLLUTION Dust (TSP) is the main air pollutant during the period of excavation, earthwork and soil refilling. The air pollution is temporal, and disappearing with the end of project.

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Investigation shows that the impacted area of dust during the period of excavation, earthwork and soil refilling is only within 30m along the road and the concentration of TSP is only 10mg/m3 .In addition, the waste air from the vast vehicle is one of the air pollution sources. The areas of integrated environmental treatment of Lion Mountain and Erhai non-point source treatment are close to residential area. Some measures should be implemented, such as water sprinkling and close vehicles. Others capacity building projects have not dust impact.

5.1.4.2 WASTE WATER POLLUTION IN THE CONSTRUCTION PERIOD Rural non-point source pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin: The subcomponentwill be developed among 28 villages. Little environmental impact of waste water through similar analysis on the soil pollution removal tubes in Zhoucheng village of Xizhou town, Wase village of Wase town, artificial wet land of Xiangyang and Shangjie village of Haidong town and public toilets projects during the construction period. The settling tanks will be utilized to treat the waste water for reusing the washing waste water. Instead of pipe net and STP, artificial wetlands without concrete buildings will be constructed in six villages around Xi Lake which with Limited spaces and special geological location. Present village house will be rented for the builders; the impact of domestic waste water is weak. Integrated environmental treatment subcomponentof Lion Mountain Concrete blending and equipment washing is the main waster water source. Main pollutant of the waste water is which can be treated by settling tanks and reused. The Lion Mountain is located between the new town and ancient town of Lijiang city. Some town house will be rented for the builders. Several dry toilets will be setup and their sewage will be collected by local farmers for agricultural use, rather than discharge into the city sewer. Therefore, the impact of domestic waste water is weak.

5.1.4.3 NOISE IMPACTS Rural non-point source pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin: The subcomponentwill be developed among 28 villages with small scale and without vast machineries and transporting vehicles. The village sewage treatment system will be covered in local unused land. Little noise source is only in the eco-toilets and sanitary public toilet. The noise of Machineries will be vanished with the end of the construction. Meanwhile, noise control in the daytime will be in a tolerable level. Integrated environmental treatment subcomponentof Lion Mountain in ancient Lijiang town

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Noise Sensitive objects are on both sides of the subcomponentsite. The impact of noise is a little obvious. Reasonable working timetable for the equipment might be weakened the noise impact to residents nearby. Night working is strictly prohibited.

5.1.4.4 SOLID WASTE IMPACT ANALYSIS Rural non-point source pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin: Solid waste source in the construction period are residual excavated soil, constructional wastes and garbage. Nonpoisonous residual soil will be pollution source to the landscape and sanitation of village for spreading, leaking in the process of transporting or irregularly disposal in the village. Constructional wastes mainly are limestone, concrete, residues and waste materials, which is the source of dust. In addition, the garbage stack is one source of flies, mosquitoes, odor and diseases. The feasible report gives the balances table of the earthworks. The constructional wastes are strictly collected, transported timely and piled up in the pre-settled site. Garbage facilities for collection and storage will be setup. The garbage will be classified and collected in each day, and transported to the landfill sites. Therefore, the constructional sold wastes have little impact. Integrated environmental renovation of Lion Mountain in ancient Lijiang City The subcomponentdeserted soil except surface one is used for reafforestation use. The remaining is disposed in the resettled site appointed by the municipal management department. Large relocation produces relative more waste soil, which is transported to the appointed site for disposal after collecting the recyclable part. The settling points are setup to collect garbage, which is sent to be disposed by the municipal sanitation department to the landfill of Lijiang city. Therefore, to sum up, the constructional solid waste’s impact is comparably less than other impacts.

5.1.4.5 WATER AND SOIL EROSION IMPACTS. Rural non-point pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin: Calculation indicates that most erosion is 36.38t/a from the construction of sewage apparatuses, sanitary public toilets and sanitary dry toilets. The volume calculation is done on the condition of assuming the whole open excavation. Decentralized construction among 28 paralleled village the excavation, building construction and road paved. Village sewage treatment apparatus occupies unused land and depressions,

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avoiding local farm lands. Therefore, the realistic erosion volume is far less than the calculated. Reasonable timetable schedule, less earthwork at raining season avoiding disposal can effectively control the erosion. Integrated environmental renovation of Lion Mountain in ancient Lijiang City The road and other construction, water and electricity installation will impact on present vegetation, consequent in the small area of bare land. Excavation, reusable deserted soil piling and storage and depression refilling alerts the local topography and produces erosion, which can be more serious in raining season. Excavation mainly happens in the road construction projects and Bailong Culture Projects. Earthwork balance indicates that there will be deserted soil as much as 27515m3, which will be transported to be disposed in the appointed site. Therefore, the impact is not that massive. Topography indicates that the precipitation will be collected by raining drainage ditches. Temporary rain water collective ditches should be constructed in large scale construction sites. At the same time, settlement tanks should be constructed to collect and suspend the mud, sand before the raining water goes into the municipal raining ditches. Reafforestation in line with the constructional plans can gradually control the erosion, together with centralized and decentralized measures to have plantings, flowers and trees for a reafforestation system.

5.1.4.6 ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS Non-point source pollution control in the rural area of Lake Erhai Basin: Agricultural crops and natural vegetation clearing up is the main eco-impacts of the subcomponentconstruction. Agricultural crops and natural vegetation is the local species. Therefore, the subcomponentconstruction has little impact on the local plant biodiversity. Artificial restoration and cash compensate can restrict the impacts on the local farm lands in a relatively small scale after the end of the subcomponentconstruction. Constructional planning and site cleaning up with reforestation can get hold of the negative impacts. Integrated environmental renovation of Lion Mountain in ancient Lijiang City The major construction impact is on the landscape. Small part of vegetation removal alleviates the local topography and leaves the excavation traces. The local landscape at some point is damaged by suspended dust, floating to the surfaces of machineries and buildings under construction. The negative impacts bringing along with the subcomponentconstruction tend to be weaker by the end of it. The bared lands are covered and reforested. Finally the negative impacts will be diminished and vanished.

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5.1.4.7 THE IMPACT ON PHYSICAL CULTURAL RESOURCES The Physical cultural resources involved in the integrated environmental treatment subcomponentof Lion Mountain in ancient Lijiang town include cultural relics, ancient trees and famous trees, Tea-Horse road, characteristics residential of Naxi people. (1) The impact on cultural relics 3 cultural relics of country level including baimalongtan temple, Wenchang Palace and Jinglian temple, 1 historical building called jiefenglou and 4 main protected traditional building involved in the subcomponentwill be maintained. The main engineering of the subcomponentis to remove the uncoordinated buildings and walls, enlarge greenbelt, and to improve the tour route and to be connected with the Wanggu building. Finally it can be one of the important landscape sites of Lion mountain eco-garden. The remedy and protection engineering will be carried out strictly according to the laws and implementary rules of cultural relic’s protection. The subcomponentis just to improving the aseismatic of the building, the building style will be reserved. Therefore, if the subcomponentwas carried out in accordance with the working plan, the cultural relics involved in the subcomponentwould not be damaged. (2)The impact on ancient trees and famous trees 1 ancient cypress is found close to the east side wall of the Broadcasting and Television Bureau. Its stock and roots should be protected with strict measure when removing the walls. Another ancient cypress is found on the side of the corridor of guest house in Wenchang Palace. It needs strict protection measure during the guest house being rebuilt or removed. In addition, 1 laurel, 1 laqerstroemia and 1 gingkgo trees are found in the yard of Wenchang Palace, they need the same protection measure. After the protection measures carried out, the impacts can be avoided or weakened. (3)The Impact on Tea-Horse Road Tea-Horse Road in the subcomponentarea is from the Jinjia village which is near the Mizhu roadside, extends to the ridge of East Mountain, after crossing the Jiefenglou building and finally down to the Square Street in Lijiang ancient town. The styles and features of the Tea-Horse Road in the east of Jiefengllu building, which with the same style of the streets in ancient town, are suggested to be reserved and the styles of shops along the road will be changed moderately in order to strengthen the historical atmosphere of Tea-Horse Road. Some inns can be called horse inn with related Tea-Horse sculptures in the appropriate place and Green trees and shrubs planting. A little Tea-Horse Road in the west of Jiefenglou building still keeps the Flagstone surface and should be maintained and reserved. Others Tea-Horse road in the area needs rebuild in accordance with the former styles. The Jingjia village house along the road should be

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reserved and rebuild moderately according to styles of Tea-Horse Road except the houses near the Mingzhu road. Some houses can be rebuilt to the horse inn with related Tea-Horse sculptures in the appropriate place and Green trees and shrubs planting. Jiefenlou building is in the exclusive passing route of Tea-Horse Road. It is very famous as the place for serving official and exalted guests of local Chieftain in the ancient .it should be maintained and protected perfectly. In conclusion, the environmental impacts of the subcomponentare positive mainly. (4)Ancient Buildings impact analysis The residents house at the piedmont of Lion Mountain are retained, but 48 household in the western and on the top of the mountain are retained or rebuilt according to the harmonious degree with the landscape of Lijiang ancient town. Just 15 households building with difficulty to rebuild are removed. Therefore the impacts of the subcomponentare not serious.

5.1.4.8 THE IMPACT ON RESETTLEMENT FOR INHABITANTS (1)The impact on environment 15 households will be removed in the integrated environmental treatment subcomponentof Lion Mountain. Environmental will be polluted more or less by the dust, noise, waste, domestic sewage and garbage when removing the building. Some measure must be adopted to avoid or weakened the environmental pollution during removing, such as sprinkling, forbidden working in the evening... In addition, resettlement for institutions and enterprises will be brought into the new district construction plan of the city. The residents will be compensated in cash (basically to purchase new house). The impact of removing and resettlement is not at all serious. Most pollution is the dust and noise when rebuilding, but the total amount of pollutant is little and pollution impact is short. (2)The impact on Social environment An exercisable resettlement plan with more details and exact data has been developed now. The resettlement mainly focuses on the institutions and enterprises. At present, the largest resettlement unit has been done and other resettlements are also in the progress according to the plan... Moreover, through the Public participated survey, suggestion of reducing the removing households from 63 to 15 was adopted and favorable resettlement policy is carried out, the impact of resettlement is weakened obviously.

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5.1.4.9 THE IMPACT ON THE MUNICIPAL TRAFFIC AND TOURISM The removing subcomponentalong the Mingzhu road will be evidently impacts the Municipal traffic, Maybe traffic jam will be serious in a short time. All landscape sites in Lijiang are mainly distributed around the ancient town, the impact of the subcomponentis weak.

5.1.4.10 THE IMPACT ON MINORITY Lijiang is the minority gathering areas, most are Naxi people, which account for 58.3 percent of total population. In the EIA area, the quantity of Naxi people account for 60.22 percent of total. 63 households 285 residents are involved in the subcomponentincluding 15 removing households, 48 rebuilding households. 5 household (22 people) and 10 household (44 people) mostly are Naxi nationality. The new houses of removing residents mostly are commercial. Their living conditions have changed, but their life habits are not changed too much. The life habits of rebuilding residents have not change. From another aspect, the subcomponentwill be benefit to improving the ecological environment, developing the tourism industry, increasing local revenue, promoting the life quality of local people especially in Lion Mountain. 26 institutions and enterprises (807 people, some of them are nationality Naxi) involved in removing subcomponentare resettled in Lijiang city, the impact of removing is weak. In a word, the impact on minority (mainly nationality Naxi) is acceptable.

5.2 SUBCOMPONENTIMPACT ANALYSIS IN RUNNING PHASE

5.2.1 Water Supply and drainage projects and WWTP

5.2.1.1 THE CATEGORY OF WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE PROJECTS Water Supply subcomponentin Qiubei County is the urban environmental infrastructure construction subcomponentwhich applying for the World Bank loan in Yunnan province. The impact of the subcomponentand its facilities during the running phase is limited, and could be controlled easily. In most cases, the impact of water supply projects during the running phase includes: (1)Hazardous substance (such as chlorine for disinfection, etc.) leakage in the water treatment process leaking out

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(2)The normal running of water supply projects is affected by the quantity and quality of water in water source. (3)The impact to the water resources (4) The environmental impacts of waste water, noise and solid waste during the running phase In the above-mentioned environmental impact including the possible chlorine leaking, quantity and quality of water in water source will be expatiated in the section of "environmental risk analysis"; this section will be mainly on the analysis of the impact on water resources, and impacts of tree types of wastes in the running phase. z The impact on water resource The intake of Water Supply subcomponentis in the dragon-pond of Jiuchen town, which also as the Water source of the second waterworks in Qiubei County. The water source surrounded by the farming field, Without any protection and isolated belt. Local residents with weak awareness of water source protection are always browsing on the side of dragon-pond. According to water quality monitoring results of Qiubei in 2006, the index of total nitrogen and coli community exceeded the criterion. the water source protection subcomponentwas designed as one of the main task of the projects, including subcomponentengineering improving, dam heightening, protection mesh building, dragon-pond clearing, etc. after above measures implement, the water source can be protected effectively. Meanwhile, it was considered in the feasibility and EIA report that The reliability of water supply is very poor for the small storage capacity of dragon-pond (approximately 22,000 m3), but the biggest daily water consumption of drinking (long-term) and irrigation is 74,000 m3. Therefore, the feasibility report suggested heightening the dam in order to increasing the storage capacity and enhancing the safety of water supply. The dam height will be heightened 1 meter and width of dam top is expanded 2.0 meters, and storage capacity is increased to 30000 m3 that is to ensure storage capacity is greater than demand. After analysis, EIA report suggests that the dam height should be heightened 5 meters, the width expanded 1.8 meters, and the storage capacity should be to 55000 m3 to ensure the drinking and irrigation demand. EIA also suggests to improve the irrigation facilities of Qingshui River and to be the backup water source of irrigation in Qiubei county, and then sharing the water pressure of dragon-pond z The Impact on water environment During the running phase of Water Supply project, the discharged wastewater is almost from the domestic Sewage and sludge dewatering of waterworks. According to the pollution source analysis, the quantity of water is 6.2m3 per day. The main pollutants in wastewater is

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SS. Water is discharged to Municipal sewage pipe network directly, then sent to WWTP in Qiubei County, the impact on water environment is little. Related STP and pipe network subcomponentwhich applying for the WB loan is in the planning. The short term design scale of this STP is 6000m3 per day, and the long term design scale is 12000 m3 per day, the treatment process is ICEAS. Ratio of the quantity of life Sewage and waste water from sludge dewatering from the total scale of STP at present is relatively less. Pollutants are single, and concentration of pollutants is low, after putting into sewage treatment plants, the impacts on the design influent quantity of STP is less. in addition, according to the feasibility, the running phase of Water Supply in Qiubei County from January in 2008 to February in 2010, the running phase of WWTP is October in 2008 to February in 2010.thus the waste water of Water Supply in Qiubei County send to WWTP in Qiubei County is feasible. z The impacts of solid wastes on environment The main solid wastes of Water Supply in Qiubei County are staff domestic garbage and sludge and sink from waterworks. According to pollution analysis, the quantity of solid waste is about 0.0265t per day, the quantity of sludge and sink from water plant is 0.24t per day. living garbage and sludge and sink are all general solid waste, which can be sent to life refuse landfill in Qiubei County and disposed properly , so the impacts of solid wastes on environment is little. z The impacts of noise on environment The noise of the running phase of Water supply in Qiubei County is most from raw water pump sites. The intension of noise source is about 90dB (A), pump house is “semi-under ground”, the intension of noise source is 60dB (A) at one meter from pump house. EIA regards the lifting pump as the noise point source. EIA predicts the pump sound level 50-55dB(A)in the daytime and 42-47 d(B)A at night with the noise decay model and noise level unfold model .which can reach the 2 category require of City regional environmental noise standards.

5.2.1.2 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT AND PIPELINE NETWORK SUBCOMPONENTS The main impacts of running period occur in surplus waste water of STP, odour and sludge, impacts of pipe web during operating period has listed in chapter of environmental risk analysis in detail. (1) impacts on surface water environment A、STP’s pollution load cutting Collecting sewage’s pollution load cutting after STPs operating in the predict time lists in following table 5.2-1.

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Table 5.2-1Loading decrement of pollutant from sewage treatment plant Name of Subcomponentsites time BOD COD SS NH -N TN TP projects 5 3 WWTP in before 273.76 511.00 438.00 27.38 63.84 5.48 Dengchuan after 18.26 91.24 18.24 9.12 27.38 0.92 Dali Town of decrement 255.50 419.76 419.76 18.26 36.50 4.56 Eryuan County Rate (%) 93.3 82.1 95.8 66.7 57.2 83.2 before 517.08 912.5 775.63 142.59 124.10 26.82 WWTP in after 62.05 182.50 62.05 45.63 62.05 4.56 Huaping decrement 455.03 730 731.58 96.96 62.05 22.26 County Lijiang Rate (%) 88 80 92 68 50 83 before 1428.3 2556.76 1865.56 236.61 467.2 47.34 The second after 114.3 439.76 186.56 39.51 233.6 10.84 SWTP in decrement 1314 2117 1679 197.1 233.6 36.5 Lijiang Rate (%) 92 82.8 90 83.3 50 77.1 before 284.7 438 438 43.8 65.7 10.95 Qiubei water after 43.8 131.4 43.8 17.52 43.8 2.19 supply decrement 240.9 306.6 394.2 26.28 21.9 8.76 project Rate (%) 84.6 70 90 60 33.3 80 before 204.4 438 / 43.8 / 5.84 SWTP in after 29.2 87.6 / 11.68 / 1.46 Malipo decrement 175.2 350.4 / 32.12 / 4.38 County Rate (%) 85.7 80 / 73.7 / 75 Wenshan before 383.3 766.5 562.1 63.9 76.7 5.1 WWTP in after 51.1 153.3 51.1 20.4 51.1 2.6 Funing decrement 332.2 613.2 511 43.5 25.6 2.5 County Rate (%) 86.7 80 90.9 68 33.4 49 before 438 817.6 700.8 43.76 102.2 8.76 WWTP in after 58.4 175.2 58.4 23.36 58.4 2.92 Guangnan decrement 379.6 642.4 642.4 20.4 43.8 5.84 County Rate (%) 86.7 78.6 91.7 46.6 42.8 66.7

Across the table, the pollution goes to surface water has decreased, which BOD5 more than 85%, COD more than80%, SS more than 90%, NH3-N more than 50%,TN more than 40%,TP more than 70% has reduced after STPs operation. They have active effects on progressing surface water and environmental quality. B、STP’s surplus waste water impacts on water environment Adoption mathematic mode which recommends in Chinese criterion standard HJ/T2.3-93 《technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment surface water environmental》,to analyze impacts of STP’s surplus waste water on water environment. z prediction mode The main pollutants from STPs are NH3-N,TP,COD and BOD5. Adoption mathematic mode which recommends in Chinese criterion standard HJ/T2.3-93《technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment surface water environmental》, to analyze impacts of STP’ s surplus waste water on water environment in low water season. Prediction factors: BOD5、COD、NH3-N、TP

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Prediction modes: NH3-N and TP prediction adopt river mixture mode. BOD5 and COD prediction adopt S-P mode.

① river completely mixed mode C=(c Q +cQ)/(Q +Q) p P h h p h Instruction: C stands for consistence of mixture pollution, mg/l.

Cp stands for consistence of output pollution, mg/l.

Qp stands for output quantity of waste water, m3/s；

Ch stands for consistence of downstream water pollution, mg/l； Qh stands for quantity of river-m3/s。

②S-P mode:

x c = c0 exp(−K1 ) 86400u

Instruction: C stands for consistence of mixture pollution, mg/l.

3 C0 stands for consistence of initial section pollution, m /l；

K1 stands for self reduce modulus, 1/d.

x stands for distance from predict point to initial section, m；

u stands for average water speed in x orientation, m/s： z prediction result of water quality ①SWTP in Dengchuan Town of Eryuan County Luoshi River in Dengchuan town has heavily polluted by the industry waste water and domestic sewage comes into Luoshi upstream area. the monitoring data of BOD5,COD,NH3-N and TP has exceeded the limit of II category in GB3838-2002 《environmental quality standards for surface water》. After STPs constructed, sewage had collected to STP, then output the surplus water could reach standard limit after biological reactor, deposition and sanitize. The prediction result is that consistence and output of pollution in Luoshi River have massively reduced, lighten pollution situation of river way water system. The subcomponenthas heavily improved water quality of Luoshi River following Dengchuan town section, which is using for irrigation for Dengchuan pople.

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②WWTP in Huaping County Waste water output into Xinzhuan River which main function is irrigation after treatment by STP. Xinzhuan River was protected by standard of IV standard, which water quality has polluted in some degree and the water quality has fallen from IV standard to Ⅴstandard. Its main pollution is NH3-N. Waste water of Huapingcounty after collection and treatment which reaches the standard could out put into Xinzhuan River .The pollution has contribution rate of 2.83~7.93% to Xinzhuang River in the low water time, which makes water quality of Xinzhuang River reach the standard and main pollution especially NH3-N massively reduce, then the general water quality improves from Ⅴstandard to IV standard.

③SWTP of Lijiang City Domestic sewage after treatment out put into Nankou bridge section of Yanggong River of which function for industry and protection grade is Ⅳstandard. Actual monitoring results that water quality situation couldn’t satisfy Ⅳ standard of《environmental quality standards for surface water》,because of NH3-N and TP overrun the limit of Ⅳ standard . The prediction result shows that BOD5, COD, NH3-N and TP in the low water time have increased after waste water discharged into Yanggong River, but the increased figure is little. Concentration of BOD5,COD,NH3-N and TP could reach the Ⅳ standard of 《environmental quality standards for surface water》in the average water time because of dilution of water flowing. The concentration of NH3-N and TP of Yanggong River is far over the standard at present, the mainly reason is that the first STP of Lijiang city isn’t normally operating during rebuilding, then waste water discharged to the Yanggong River without treatment and water quality is heavily deteriorated. The first STP of Lijiang city rebuilding and enlarging subcomponenthas finished and put into operation, and then water quality of Yanggong River is improved in degree. Area waste water will effectively treat and water quality of Yanggong River farther improves after the second STP of Lijiang city construction.

④SWTP of Qiubei County Water flux from SWTP of Qiubei County discharge to the Qingshui River, of which water quality is III standard of GB3838—2002《environmental quality standards for surface water》. The prediction result is that sewage out put into Qingshui River after STPs could massively minify pollution and improve water and area environment quality of Qingshui River.

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⑤WWTP in Malipo County STP of Malipo county treats sewage is collected by pipe web which used to be put into Chouyang River directly. Chouyang River is an important international river belongs to the second grade anabranch, executes III standard, which joins in Panlong River, then leaves the country at Taibao port and comes into Lu River through Qingshui port. City sewage of Malipo will treat by STP, when comes to standard, will put into Chouyang River after WWTP operation. The prediction result is that contribution to the initial consistence of COD,BOD5,NH3-N and TP desperately is from 0-0.59 mg/L. this subcomponentoperates will actively effect on prevention of pollution and improvement of water environment ,lighten actually contaminated situation in Chouyang River, massively decreases pollutions.

⑥SWTP of Funing County City sewage of Funing will treat by STP, when comes to standard, will put into Puting River, of which surface water protects by III standard of 《environmental quality standards for surface water》.The actually monitoring result is that water of quality Puting couldn’t satisfy III standard, mainly due to NH3-N overruns the standard. The prediction result is that projects operation will heavily improve water quality of Puting River, make water environment quality come to the function.

⑦WWTP in Guangnan County City sewage of Guangnan will treat by STP will put into Lengshui River, of which surface water protects by III standard of GB3838-2002《environmental quality standards for surface water》,and its function is irrigation, sluice and contain city life sewage. The actually monitoring result is that water of quality Lengshui River couldn’t satisfy III standard, mainly due to BOD5, COD, TP overruns the standard. The prediction result is that sewage won’t put into river until it comes to standard; there is little impact on Lengshui River. In a word, the prediction result is that city life sewage puts into river when it comes to standard will bring actively impacts on local water environment and won’t arouse or sharpen pollution of surface water. C、synthesis analysis City life sewage collecting and treatment ratio have increased through operation SWTP of YUEP. At same time, quality of lakes’ water and environment around has improved, COD, TN and TP put into Erhai have reduced. Others, scale which gets the sewage treatment is

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larger and larger. The detail impacts on Local River after subcomponentoperation are listing in following table5.2-2.

Table 5.2-2 Impact to local rivers after projects practiced Subcomponentsites Name of projects Impact WWTP in Dengchuan Town Dali of Eryuan County The coverage of the sewer close to 90%, the rate of sewage The second SWTP in Lijiang collection and treated over 85%, improve the water quality of Yanggong River from the V standard to IV standard Lijiang The coverage of the sewer close to 90%, the rate of sewage WWTP in Huaping County collection and treated over 85%, improve the water quality of Xinzhuang River from the V standard to IV standard Effluent of STP stably gets to national B level of the first Qiubei water supply project standard reduce the pollution load of Qingshui River and improve the upper stream water quality of Zhujiang. Enhance the rate of sewer coverage, sewage collection and centralized treatment. Effluent satisfies the standard, reduce WWTP in Funing County the pollution load of Qingshui River and improve the upper Wenshan stream water quality of Pu’ting River. Reduce BOD 380t, COD 642t, SS 642t, TN 44t and TP 6t to WWTP in Guangnan County 5 Lengshui River per year. Effluent receiving water body is Chouyang River, international river. After the STP constructed, every SWTP in Malipo County pollutant’s load greatly reduced good for pollution control and water environmental restoration.

A. sludge component analysis Sludge components product in the working process of STP determine to its disposal mode, so the analogical analysis method is used to analyze the sludge components content of different STP. According to the results gained from sampling analysis of concentrated dehydration sludge of the first STP in Kuming city by environment and science research college of Yunnan, sludge component analysis results of the first STP in Kuming city are in the tables below.

Table 5.2-4 Analysis against sludge from the first sewage treatment plant of Kunming

Items Ag Cd Pb Cr As Measured value(mg/kg) 2.54 2.00 8.27 8.19 9.45 Acidic soil 5 5 300 600 75 GB4284-84 standard Alkaline soil15 20 1000 1000 75 Table 5.2-5 Component analyzing result of sludge from the first sewage treatment plant of Kunming Item result Analyzing result Result pH 6.64 Total Cd mg/kg 2.15 organic component % 40.08 Total Cr mg/kg 50.74 total N% 3.38 Total Ni mg/kg 42.69 total P% 0.57 Exchangeable K % 0.33 total K% 1.04 Exchangeable Na % 0.04 Effective N mg/kg 2309.64 Exchangeable Ca % 2.03

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Quick effective P mg/kg 1002.7 Exchangeable Mg % 0.23 Quick effective K mg/kg 2926.8 Effective Cu mg/kg 8.39 Chronic effective K mg/kg 448.8 Effective Zn mg/kg 1516.02 Cation exchange value 74.16 Effective Mn mg/kg 56.58 mmol/kg Total Cu mg/kg 214.78 Effective Fe mg/kg 237.56 Total Zn mg/kg 5476.99 soluble Cl mg/kg 128.81 Total Pb mg/kg 132.08 Effective B mg/kg 4.72

The tables shows that, main pollutants can measure up to the standard of GB4284-84 《control standard for pollutants in sludge from agricultural use》, organic content of sludge is high to 40.08%, the separate total content of N, P and K is 3.38%,0.57% and 1.04%, and the content of Cu, Zn and Pb is high, too. Therefore, sludge is fit for landscape greening fertilizer in integrated reuse, or for sanitary burial in destructor plants while it can’t be integrated reuse. B. disposal mode According to the technical analysis of feasibility report, the practical situation of projects and the present managerial system of solid waste materials in project-located cities, each city established its scheme about transportation, treatment and disposal of sludge. The schemes of sludge disposal in different subcomponent keep radical conformity, sludge is about to be concentrated and dehydration, and sent to city destructor plants for disposal with living garbage. They can be described concretely as that: SWTP of Dali city Eryuan county Dengchuan town Considering of the status of national sludge disposal and present conditions of Dengchuan town, and also considering that the disposal scale of this sub-component is too small to produce much sludge, sludge will be decrement treated with concentrate dehydration integral mechanism, then transported to destructor plants of Junmachang for sanitary burial disposal. In the future while market demands exist, sludge can be considered to used in biologic compost experiments by the cooperation with some technical section, for integrated reuse and reducing environment pollution. The second SWTP of Lijiang city According to the practical situation, it is considered that sludge produced from the second STP of Lijiang can be disposed by the combination mode of biologic compost and sanitary burial. In other words, dehydration sludge will be transported to country for anaerobic compost with living garbage and weeds, or used as landscape greening fertilizer after innocent treatment. The leavings will be transported to destructor plants of Lijiang for sanitary burial. SWTP of Huaping county, Lijiang city

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To protect soil environment quality and avoid secondary pollution in sludge compost and application, and considering that harmful ingredients of city sanitary waste and sludge are uncertain, the request is high and it is hard to be monitored while used as fertilizer, sludge amount of sub-component and its economic value are too small, and the potential environmental harm is great, sludge produced from destructor plants must be collected and stored properly, then transported timely to living destructor plants of Huaping county for sanitary burial disposal. SWTP of Qiubei county, Wenshan prefecture The sub-component is planning to adopt aerobics composting for flow or field land fertilizer after innocuously treatment, surplus sludge and city refuse will burring sanitarily together. WWTP in Malipo County Wenshan prefecture Sludge produced by STP could carry to landfill for burying. At present,domestic solid waste synthesis landfill of Malipo County takes the same step of programming and construction with this sub-component. WWTP Funing county, Wenshan prefecture Sludge produced by STP could carry to landfill for burying. WWTP of Guangnan county, Wenshan prefecture Sludge produced by STP is proposed to be carried to landfill

Table 5.2-3 sludge treatment approaches Sub-com sludge name of Scale of sewage Treatment ponent quantity Landfill construction sub-component treatment(m3/d) approaches location （t/d） carry the sludge WWTP in after condense and Junma landfill has Dali Dengchuan Town 1200 0.216 evaporation to constructed ,could contain sludge of Eryuan County Junma landfill for from sewage treatment plants. burying carry to domestic Huaping landfill has WWTP in Huaping solid waste 6000 1.125 constructed ,could contain sludge County treatment plant for from sewage treatment plants. burying

Lijiang Lijiang landfill has capacity of adoption for containing sludge from sewage The second SWTP flowers’ dunghill 20000 3.75 treatment plants for 3 or 4 years. in Lijiang and sanitary Latter could carry to other landfill burying ways which constructed by WB supporting. Qiubei had sanitary landfill, disposal Wenshan Qiubei water a part as flowers’ capacity is 60t/d,could contain Prefectur supply 5800 1.088 dunghill, others for sludge from sewage treatment e sub-component sanitary burying plants.

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carry to domestic Sewage treatment plant will solid waste construct in 2009,7. Malipo SWTP in Malipo treatment plant 4000 0.6 domestic solid waste treatment plant County which is planning which is planning to construct will to construct for construct in 2009,12. burying carry to domestic Sewage treatment plant will solid waste construct in 2009,7. Funing WWTP in Funing 7000 1.15 treatment plant domestic solid waste treatment plant County which is planning which is planning to construct will to be constructed construct in 2009,12. carry to domestic solid waste Guangnan has constructed two WWTP in treatment plant Urban solid waste landfill, which 8000 1.44 Guangnan County which has could contain sludge from sewage constructed for treatment plants. burying

(3)feasibility and reliability analysis of sludge treatment methodology Sludge produced by STP could reuse for flower or carry to landfill for burying, technical speaking, is feasible judging by results of sludge components analysis and STP actually operation of Yunan in existence. From this table, we can conclude that: Urban solid wastetreatment plants which has been constructed and is operating: STP of Dali city Eryuan county Dengchuan town, STP of Lijiang city Huaping county, the second STP in Lijiang city, STP of Wenshan city Qiubei county, STP of Guangnan county. Landfill sites the location same with this STP, of which sludge could carry to landfill directly . The treatment of sludge produces from above five STP is reliable. Urban solid waste treatment plants are proposed to be constructed under the support of WB: STP of Malipo county and STP of Funing county. STP and landfill of Malipo county , STP and landfill of Funing county are all the same sub-components supporting by WB, but they will operate in different time. Sub-component 1: STP of Malipo County IN Malipo county , Municipal solid waste collection and disposal sub-component will operate 6later than STP judging by schedule of the feasibility reaport. Quantity of sludge which was produced by STP is 0.6t/d.EIA suggests to set up a temporary site for depositing sludge before landfill operation. The temporary site must be ossified and paved impenetrate bottom. Sub-component 2: STP of Funing County There is a big gap between the actual volume of sewage and the treatment capacity of Funing. The development of STP is one and half years backwards of the actual need.In order to reduce impact on STP normally operation, it is suggested in EIA that:

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★ Rectify the construction time of Municipal solid waste collection and disposal sub-component and STP ,assure construction and operation of these two sub-components at the same time. ★ Consider building up a temporary site for depositing sludge before landfill operation if these two sub-components couldn’t construct and operate at the same time. The temporary site must be ossified and paved impenetrate bottom. To sum up, sludge which was produced by STP was carried to Urban solid waste landfill to treatment reasonably. In order to ensure normal and stable operation of STP ,we must pay attention to the connect with engineer desire and operation time.

5.2.1.3 IMPACT ON AIR QUALITY (1)protective zone of safe and health The main effect on air quality is odor when sewage treatment plant is working stage. During treating sewage, the odor will be produced when Organic Matters of sewage is breaking down on the anaerobic condition. The consistency of the odor is related to the temperature, and it is highest in summer. The odor is mixed gas and it is composed of NH3 and H2S. The odor is mainly from the grilles, grit chamber, aeration pool, sludge dewatering house and the storage-pool of sludge. According to the equation of fugitive emission sources of protective zone of safe and health of the Technological Method for Settling local Atmospheric Emission Standard (GB/T1320-91), we can count the protective zone of safe and health of every STP. The equation as follows:

Q 1 0.5 c = ()BLC + 0.25r 2 LD Cm A

In the equation: Cm (mg/m3) is standard Concentration Limitations. L (m) is the protective zone of safe and health of industry and enterprises. Qc (kg/h) is fugitive emission quantity of harmful gas. 式中：Cm——Limitation of standard concentration，mg/m3； L——Sanitation allowance between factory and residence in terms of distance，m； Qc——Quantity of the discharge of hazardous gas，kg/h；

0 . 5 ⎛ s ⎞ r = ⎜ ⎟ ⎝ π ⎠

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The r (m) is equivalent radius of fugitive emission sources of harmful gas. A、B、C、D is coefficient the protective zone of safe and health.

r——equivalent hemidiametre of discharge of hazardous gas，m； A、B、C、D——Calculation indicators for sanitation allowance。 The allowance is calculated as follows: The protective zone of safe and health of STPs is 100~150m. It conforms to rule about producing odor of sewage and sewage treatment plant in the Municipal Wastewater Treatment Sub-component Construction Standards. The rule is: outside the factory should try to stay away from residential areas and in accordance with relevant state regulations. when not meet, the distance between residential areas out of the plants and production facilities of sewage treatment plants which produce odor is not less than 100~150m.

(2)the effect of the odor WWTP in Dengchuan Town of Eryuan County The STP is located in north bank of the Luoshi river’s downstream in the planning area of Dengchuan town. The main impact of the sub-component is the 32-lian village villagers in the factory sector beyond 300 m. The new plant of Dengchuan Diequan dairy limited liability company of Yunnan is beyond 1000m of the STP—outside the protective zone of safe and health. Therefore, The stench produced during operational period of sub-component small impacts on the surrounding crowd. WWTP in Huaping County There is no sensitive target like as protective residents group inside 100m protective zone of safe and health, therefore, the odor of effect on the surrounding residents is relatively small. No.2 WWTP in Lijiang City According to the surrounding residents of No.2 WWTP in Lijiang City analysis: the surrounding protection of mainly sensitive targets are Minru village at 340m West of the sewage treatment plant, Dewei village about 600m northwest of the plant and Minru primary at West 400m of the plant. The major wind direction of the sub-component is southeast. The Minru village and Minru primary are located in the lateral wind direction, so the odor from the sub-component has little effect on them. The Dewei village is located in under the dominant wind direction but it is 600m far from the sub-component, therefore, the odor also has little effect on it.

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WWTP in Qiubei County The Dagale village is located in west of sub-component about 500m and it is beyond the protective zone of safe and health. So the odor from the sub-component has little effect on it. According to the surrounding residents of SWTP in Malipo County analysis: two families are the nearest to the SWTP in Malipo County 60m away. There are the north of STP in side-wind direction and with a little odor impaction. Therefore, relocation is compulsory. In addition, no residential area after two families relocated makes little odor impacts on environment. WWTP in Fu'ning County The surrounding protection of mainly sensitive targets are Weishe village in the West of STP 1100m away, Futai shopping town in the west of STP 1000 away and happy-flower community in the west of the STP 800 away. The southeast wind is the main-wind direction. The all sensitive conservation targets are in the side-wind direction and the nearest sensitive target--Minru village is 800m from the STP. The odor has little effect on the protective targets. SWTP and interception network in Guangnan County The sludge dewatering house is located in the northwest of sub-component. The site length is 148.70m from the east to the west and the width is 156.69m from the north to the south. There are no neighborhood and sensitive targets. The odor producing from the sewage plant has less impact on surrounding environment

5.2.1.4 THE IMPACTS ON NOISES The main noise sources of STPs come from all kinds of pumps, which are centralized in inlet pumping stations, sludge dehydration stations, reflow sludge pumps and fan stations. The noise intensity sees table 5.2-4.

Table 5.2-4 acoustic intensity

Name of acoustic intensity dB(A) non-prevention measure Adoption noise elimination and sound Facility insulation measure sewage pump 90～100 80 sludge pump 90～100 80 vacancy press 95～105 85 engine transportation 75～80 / vehicle fan 80～90 80

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The table indicates that the noise intensity can reach 105 dB(A) without diminishing and resistance resolutions of noise. The intensity can be decreased to 20 dB(A) after installing mufflers and enclosing buildings. The main equipments of the presumed sub-component producing noises are water pumps, air-compressed engines, fans and etc. The noise of fans in apparatus rooms is 80～90dB(A), which could be reduced to 80dB(A) after taking diminishing and isolating noise resolutions. Generally, the pumps are installed in plant buildings, whose noise intensity is 90~100dB(A) which could be reduced to 80dB(A) after taking diminishing and isolating noise resolutions. The noise at factory boundary can reach the second standard of “Standard of noise at boundary of industrial enterprises” (60dB(A) in the daytime, 50dB(A) at night).

5.2.1.5 THE IMPACTS ON MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVE POINTS (1)The impacts on special conservation regions, ecological sensitive regions and natural habitat The sub-components of special conservation regions relevant to water supply and discharge sub-components include: Sewer in Yanshan County of Wenshan city: the sub-component can collect the sewage which used to be discharged into Tinghu reservoir directly into STP. The sewage will be discharged into Gongge River after being treated and reached the standard, which will no longer be discharged into Tinghu reservoir. It will decrease the pollution of municipal sewage on Tinghu reservoir, improve the water quality annually, ease the pollution degrees and improve the protection of Tinghu environmental quality, the ecological environment of Yanshan County and traveling environment obviously. (2)The impacts on material and cultural resources The water supply and discharging sub-components and STPs will not impact on the material and cultural resources on the surroundings. (3)The impacts on international waterways The impacts of water supply and discharging sub-components and STPs on international waterways during operational period is referred to table 5.2-5.

Table 5.2-5 impact on international water channel distance from internationa name of Possibility impact factor and affect analysis on international international l waterways sub-sub-component water ways waterways WWTP in Dengchuan The pollutant receiving water bodies are secondary and third Town of Eryuan branches of Lancang River, main pollutant COD (degradable). Lantsang County About 460km Though water volume change after the sub-component rivershed Dali urban drainage construction, the degradable pollutant can be removed by STP pipeline and effluent can satisfy GB 18918－2002” Municipal STP sub-component pollutant discharging standard”. 460km natural degradation has

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distance from internationa name of Possibility impact factor and affect analysis on international international l waterways sub-sub-component water ways waterways little impact on the down flow water bodies, therefore, the sub-component construction will not change Lancang River water volume and improved water quality. The pollutant receiving water bodies are secondary and third branches of Panlong River (Lujiang in Viet Nam), main pollutant COD, SS, BOD5 (degradable). Though water volume change Wenshan city after the sub-component construction, the degradable pollutant Honghe drainage pipeline About90km can be removed by STP and effluent can satisfy GB 18918－ riveshed sub-component 2002” Municipal STP pollutant discharging standard”. 90km natural degradation has little impact on the down flow water bodies; therefore, the sub-component construction will not change Panlong River water volume and improved water quality.

According to the analysis in the table, the impacts of water supply and discharging sub-components and STPs on international waterways during operational period are head-on and positive.

5.2.2 The sub-components of municipal solid waste

5.2.2.1 THE IMPACTS OF GARBAGE COLLECTION SYSTEM ON THE ENVIRONMENT The garbage collection systems will bring impacts on the residents around the garbage transfer stations and along the routes to the SWTPs, mainly noise and odor gas. The main equipments producing noises in garbage transfer stations are garbage compression devices, lifting devices, exhausters and vehicles, whose intensity is between 80～85dB（A）. The garbage compression and transfer are operated in transfer rooms with three sides’ brick shelters, and only one side is open for the auto-loading of containers while operating. There are small transfer volume, short operational period and no high intensity equipments producing noises in garbage transfer stations. Each transfer station transports 16 times per day, and ten minutes for each time. Therefore, the negative impacts of their noises on the environment can be effective controlled when keep certain prevention distance between the station and surrounding residential areas and avoid operating at night.

In addition, most of garbage transfer stations are located in the downtown areas of the cities/county towns, therefore, the noises produced by garbage transportation vehicles and fork-lift truck etc will bring impacts on the surroundings. But such impacts are usually temporary, with limited scope and small degrees. According to the transfer schemes in the “Technical mode for municipal solid waste sanitary landfill “, the way of transferring and transporting garbage collected to the SWTP at the same day will be used, therefore, the residence time for garages in the transfer station will be short and the intensity of odor gas produced will be small. When a certain distance is kept

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between transfer stations and surrounding buildings, plus using exhausters to dispose odor gas, in that case, the pollution of odor gas on the environment will be eased.

5.2.2.2 THE IMPACTS ON THE ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT The main impacts on the atmospheric environment during the operational period of SWTP solid waste landfills are from landfill gas and odor of garbage. According to the requirements of location selection for SWTP in “Technical mode for municipal solid waste sanitary landfill “(CJJ17—2001), it is not allow to build any residential areas within the range of 500m around SWTP, the protective sanitatary distance for odor gas from landfill sites is 500m. All the garbage landfills in the subcomponent will not consider using landfill gas. The landfill gas will be guided into the emission diversion system through blind drains, stone gabions, soft gas diversion pipes, combustion devices and etc. When the concentration of methane is beyond 5%, most of waste gas will be burned up through the combustors at the top of the diversion systems, and the gases with the concentration of lower than 5% will emit outside. Garbages, when in the environment o landfills, will produce a series of physical, chemical and biological reactions, and release landfill gas including NH3, CO2, CO, CH4, H2S, methanth oil and etc. Of which, CH4 is flammable gas, when its concentration reaches 5-10, it will explode when confronting fire. NH3, H2S, methanthiol and etc. are odor gas. Garbage landfill gas will be ignited and combusted automatically after being collected through landfill gas emission pipe. Odor gas will be transferred into CO2, SO2, and NO2 through reaction on the process of combustion, at that time, the toxic gas will not bring impacts on the regional atmospheric enviroment. When the concentration lower than 5% of CH4 could not be ignited and combusted, which must be discharged. Because all the landfills are relatively far from residential areas (the shortest is 800m）, plus the dilution and diffusion of air , CH4 has little impact on the atmosphere around the residential areas.

5.2.2.3 THE IMPACTS OF LEACHATE ON THE ENVIRONMENT Whether the treatment efficiency of leachate is good or bad is one of the important indexes measuring whether one garbage landfill reaches sanitatary standard or not. The leachate in the landfills usually comes from garbage decomposition, and it is a kind of liquid with high concentrated suspended substance, organic and inorganic elements, containing the mixture of the liquid produced after ferment and decomposition of the garbage and water (including rainwater, surface runoff and invasive underground water), therefore, whose safe collection and disposal becomes one of the most important problems of landfill design and management both domestic and abroad. The composition of garbage leachate is very complicated, normally, containing high concentrated dissolved organic matters and inorganic ions, including large sum of ammonia

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nitrogen and various kinds of cations, some heavy matals, phenols, fatty acids and other organic pollutants. Especially, the concentrations of organic matters and NH3-N are higher, additionally with toxic hazardous organic pollutants. The improper treatment of the leachate will pollute underground water and all kinds of organic and inorganic pollutants when entering into rivers and farmlands will pollute aquatic creatures and crops which will also be harmful to human health through food chains and ecological environment. (1)The production volume of leachate The main factors affecting the volume of leachate are water supply, garbage properties, the surface and bottom condition and the operational methods of landfills. The impacts of above factors on the volume of landfill leachate will be realized through the impacts of the water movement on landfills. The main aspects and forms of water changes in landfills are water supply (precipitation and rubbish bleed), surface runoff, down permeation, soil and rubbish moisture, evaporation and transpiration. According to “the methods for calculating the production volume of leachate, the volume of back -sprinkling and the volume of regulating tanks in landfills”, the calculations of leachate production and the volume of regulating tanks are following: The calculating formula as follows: V=(Q1+Q2)－(Qˊ+Q〞) Q1=C•I•A1 Q2= I•A2 In which: Q1— (m3)；the volume of water effusion of the site; Q2—（m3）；the rainfall of the regulating tank; I— (m)；the rainfall A1—Catchment areas under the cut-off ditches of the site, this time, A1=45000 m2 A2—the area of the regulating tank, this time ,A2=6000m2 C—the effluent coefficient in the rainy season, this time, C=0.8 Qˊ—Qˊ=0；the evaporation volume of relevant months, Qˊ=0 without calculating evaporated loss; Q〞—(m3) the treatment volume of relevant months The forecast productions of landfill leachate of all the subcomponents see the following table:

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Table 5.2-5 the production quantity of landfill infiltration

landfill sites (m3/d) average quantity of landfill infiltration produced (m3/d) 1 SWTP in Songming 140 2 SWTP in Xundian 46 3 SWTP in Luquan 115 4 SWTP in Eryuan 150 5 SWTP in Lijiang 140 6 SWTP in Malipo 150 7 SWTP in Funing 152 8 SWTP in Maguan 150

(2) Prediction on the quality of Leachate The quality of Leachate varies greatly with the service year, depth and microbiological environmental, among which the service year is the most important. In primary stage of landfill, the Leachate contains organic acid and lower than 1% of volatile organic acid. With the time going by, volatile fatty acid portion increases. In the process of landfill acidizing, the Leachate is with low pH and high concentration of BOD5,TOC,COD, nutrients and heavy metals. In the phase of marsh gas production, the pH turns up back to 6.5～7.5 or higher and concentration of BOD5,TOC,COD, nutrients and heavy metals obviously drop. Domestic Leachate water quality sees table below.

Table 5.2-6 water quality life refuse infiltration of some domestic cities (mg/L) A city of Items Shanghai Hangzhou Guangzhou Taiwan COD 1500～8000 1000～5000 1400～5000 4000～37000

BOD5 200～4000 400～2500 400～2000 600～20000 TN 100～700 80～800 150~900 200～2000 SS 30～500 60～650 200～600 500～2000

NH3－N 60～450 50～500 160～500 100～1000 PH 5～6.5 6～6.5 6.5～7.8 5.6～7.5 Using the method of analog to analyse the quality of leachate: Kunming eastern and western suburb landfill site were put into use on 1st May 2001 and piled 1500t/d garbage. The monitoring results on the eastern suburb landfill site done by Kunming Environmental Monitoring center are listed below:

Table 5.2-7 The Quality of Leachate of Different SWTPs in Kunming

Concentrations of pollutants (mg/l)

pH COD BOD5 SS NH3-N TP

5.6～8.5 5000～20000 4000～13000 1,000 350～3000 100～500

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According to the feasibility studies, the quality o leachate are designed for different subcomponents as follows:

Table 5.2-8 The Quality of Leachate in Different subcomponents (mg/l)

Subcomponents BOD5 COD SS NH3-N pH SWTP in Er’yuan 3000 6000 600 100 6～8 SWTP in Lijiang 3000 6000 600 260 6～8 SWTPs in Xundian,Songming and Luquan 5000 10000 800 150 6～8 SWTP in Maguan 3000 6000 600 100 4-9 SWTP in Malipo 3000 6000 600 100 4-9 SWTP in Fu’ning 5000 ≤10000 850 600 6.5～8

(3) Options for the treatment of leachate Based on the feasibility studies on various technologies, the characteristics of each subcomponents and the current situation of the municipal sewage treatment of each cities/counties, all the subcomponents has developed their own options for the control, transportation and treatment of leachate, but the options are almost similar. The details are described below: z Leachate Diversion System: including two subsystems, A. the leachate diversion system, B. the leachate collection system. A. the Leachate diversion system is made up of anti-seepage layer, hidden diversion ditches and vertical stone gabions. B. the collection system is made up of hidden diversion ditches to collect the leachate and sewage. Measures are adopted for control the seepage. The garbage leachate and sewage are collected and stored in the regulating tank. The regulating tank can adjust the leachate’s water quality and volume as well as the organic load to guarantee the leachate not overflowing. The anti- permeation layer of the regulation tank is made up of compound lining systems with 2 cloth layers and 1 membrane lay covered by 300mm compacted clay as the supporting lay. z Seepage prevention for landfill sites: the subcomponent combines the horizontal and vertical seepage-prevention techology, which treats the site’s bottom and walls to prevent the leachate polluting ground water. Meanwhile, through the treatment, can also prevent the water source from going to the landfill areas and increasing the leachate volume. Compacted with 300mm-thick clay is refilled to the site as the protective layer after cleaning up the bottom of the site. The 2.0mm-thick HDPE Anti-seepage membrane is laid to the clay. Middle-sized or sand will be paved on the membrane to protect it. z Back-spraying and sending to the STP: the back-sprinkling pump station is constructed on the down stream of the regulation tank. The back-sprinkling pump draws the leachate back to the site and spray it to garbage piles, Afterwards, the evaporation of the leachate in the piles and the degradation of garbage layers,will reduce the volume of leachate and its pollution load. The remaining waste water can be transported to STP for treatment. The table sums up leachate treatment options of all landfill sites.

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Table 5.2-9 infiltration disposing program Estimated Measures for the STP which Schedule for Distance subcompo quantity of Ways for No. Disposal of could accept construction far from nent name leachate transportation Leachate leachate of STP STP （m3/d） (1) Short term: back-spraying in dry season and storing in rainy will be SWTP in STP is under 1 140 season constructed 14km pipelines Song Ming construction (2) Long term: within 5years combination of back-spraying and to STP The agreement by the STP is Combination of SWTP in ready for the ongoing 2 46 back-spraying and 7.5km pipelines Xundian reception of the construction to STP SWTP leachate. Combination of STP in SWTP in ongoing 3 115 back-spraying and Chongde - pipelines Luquan construction to STP Industrial Park After back-spraying or storing in the regulating tank,, SWTP in then to the STP Er’yuan County Already 4 150 8km pipelines Er’yuan through the STP constructed pipelines along the road from Er’Yuan to Qiao Hou The second Proposed to Combination of STP of Lijiang SWTP in be constructd vehiclesautoc 5 140 back-spraying and and its 18km Lijiang with the this ar to STP municipal WB loans sewerag STP and its Proposed to Combination of STP in pipelines for be constructd 6 10.5 back-spraying and 3.5km pipelines Malipo intercepting with the this to STP of sewage WB loans STP and its Proposed to Combination of SWTP in pipelines for be constructd 7 152 back-spraying and 3km pipelines Fu’ning intercepting of with the this to STP sewage WB loans Combination of SWTP in planned to be 8 150 back-spraying and STP 3.5km pipelines Maguan consturcted to STP The Table indicates that almost all subcomponents use the option of combination of back-spraying and to STP. STPs which are able to receive leachate can be 3 types: 1) one that has been already constructed and put into use; 2) two that are ongoing construction; 3) 3 three that are planned to be constructed and included into this WB Loaned Subcomponent; 4) 2 that are planned to be constructed.

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A. The SWTs that have been already put into operation Subcomponent one: SWTP in Eryuan County The designed capacity of Er’yuan STP is 4000 m3/d (at the first phase). Currently, the actual volume of sewage treated is 1300 m3/d. That means the STP can receive the leachate of 150m3/d for treatment. The calculation indicates that the concentration of the pollutants in the inlet water of the STP, after mixing up with the leachate, are listed in the Table 5.2-10.

Table 5.2-10 Changes in the Inlet Water Quality of the Sewage Treatment Plant After Mixed with the

Leachate (unit：mg/l)

Items BOD5 COD SS NH3-N T-P Concentration of inlet water after the 194.2 380.5 131.6 15.8 1.8 mixing up of the leachate Designed concentration of inlet water 200 400 160 30 5.0

The Table indicates that the concentrations of the pollutants in the inlet water after mixing up with the leachate is still lower than the designed limits, the volume of 150m3/d leachate will not have impacts on the efficiency of the STP. B. WWTPs under construction Subcomponent One: WWTP of Xundian County The STP that will also receive the leachate is already under construction. The STP agrees, in written words, to receive the leachate and treat it with the sewage together. Subcomponent Two: WWTP of Luquan County There is no STP in Luquan county. There is also no plan to construct a new STP in short time. It is known that the STP in Chongde Industrial Park is going to be constructed. The feasibility study has been completed and the Report has been submitted to the Provincial Development and Reform Commission for approval. It is expected that the STP would be constructed in 2008. The STP would adopt the technique of A2/O to treat the sewage, the designed capacity is 20,000 m3/d. The Industrial Park promises to receive the landfill leachate, through discussion with the Park by the Luquan Construction Bureau. The STP technique will be adjusted to address the mix-up of the leachate in the next STP design phase. Therefore, from the long-term perspective, the leachate from the subcomponent can be sent to the STP of the Industrial Park for treatment, and but in short term, the method of back-spaying and storing of the remaining in the regulating tank will be adopted.. The Meteorological data shows that the annual precipitation is far less than the evaporation volume in Luquan County, which is good for spraying the leachate back to garbage piles for the reduction of leachate. The Calculation indicates the area that can be used for spraying

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accounts for 55% of the total of the landfill site., and the volume of the regulating tank is more than 11177.9m3.. Using the method of spraying the leachate back can guarantee there is no leachate left in the whole year all around. The calculation also indicates that the regulating tank in the subcomponent (the designed volume 160000m3) can guarantee no leachate overflowing happen, even if without good results of back-spraying, but needing to do a good job on the landfilling of garbages in different units, and to take measures of covering soils back and separating the three different kinds of water from each other so as to control the production volume of leachate. Therefore, in short term, the subcomponent is planned to adopt the method of back-spraying of leachate to reduce the volume of leachate and storing the remaining leachate in the regulating tank, in which holes will be prepared to connect the pipes with the STP so as to transport the leachate for treatment in the future. Meanwhile, it is suggested that the unused land in the down stream of the regulating tank can be prepared for the future setting up o the leachate treatment facitlity in case the County STP can not be constructed in time. C. The proposed WWTPs are to be constructed this time by using of the WB loans Subcomponent One: SWTP of Lijiang City According to the characteristics of the meteorology and climate of Lijiang City and the characteristics of the terrain and topography of the landill site, the subcomponent will use a combination of back-spraying method and the method of transporting to the STP. In dry season, the leachate is sprayed back to the garbage piles and transported to the STP for treatment in wet season. Because the SWTP site is located at the valley with a large area, it is good for building an adequately large regulating tank to reduce the volume of the leachate transported outside. The leachate will be transported to the STP by vehicles, which are the trucks carried the garbage to the site. And the trucks carry the leachate to the municipal sewer in a sealed package, which saves vast transportation cost and is much cheaper than pumping the leachate to the STP. At the same time, the risk of leachate overflowing will be avoided. Subcomponent Two: WWTP in Malipo County The option for treating the Leachate will be both the back-spraying to the garbage piles and to transport to the STP. The high-concentration leachate will be sent to the STP that is to be constructed through the pipelines with the sewage plant. The volume of the leachate that is mixed up with domestic sewage is small (less than 5%), which will not impact on the sewage treatment efficiency. The SWTP is 3.5 km away from the STP and the height difference between the landfill site and the STP site is 40m, which is good for the leachate automatically flowing into the STP. Subcomponent Three: WWTP in Fu'ning County

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The option for treating the leachate will be the back-spraying to the garbage piles in dry season and in wet season, to transport to the STP 3km away downstream of Put’ing River, where Pu’ting River joints Yulin River. The treatment capacity of Funing STP is 7000m3/d in short term and 14000m3/d in long term. D. STPs that have been included into the plans Subcomponent One: WWTP of Songming County The Songming County has no STP now, the government has been aware of the importance of STP and settled down to prepare to construct a STP. The subcomponent is now at the phase of feasibility study. It is expected to build and put it into use during “the 11th Five-Year’s Plan. Therefore, the leachate produced in the subcomponent can be sent to be treated in STP in a long term, but in a short term, the other disposal solution needs to be found. Up to now, Our country hasn’t have very successful experiences in treating leachate to satisfy the standard, The costs for building and running STP is high, but cann’t ensure the outlet effluent satisfying the standard, therefore, the EIA does not suggest to construct STP for in-situ treatment o sewage. The Meteorological data shows that the annual precipitation is far less than the evaporation volume in Luquan County, which is good for spraying the leachate back to garbage piles for the reduction of leachate. The Calculation indicates the area that can be used for spraying accounts for 60% of the total of the landfill site., and the volume of the regulating tank is more than 10603.20m3.. Using the method of spraying the leachate back can guarantee there is no leachate left in the whole year all around. The calculation also indicates that the regulating tank in the subcomponent (the designed volume 160000m3) can guarantee no leachate overflowing happen, even if without good results of back-spraying, but needing to do a good job on the landfilling of garbages in different units, and to take measures of covering soils back and separating the three different kinds of water from each other so as to control the production volume of leachate. Therefore, in short term, the subcomponent is planned to adopt the method of back-spraying of leachate to reduce the volume of leachate and storing the remaining leachate in the regulating tank, in which holes will be prepared to connect the pipes with the STP so as to transport the leachate for treatment in the future. Meanwhile, it is suggested that the unused land in the down stream of the regulating tank can be prepared for the future setting up o the leachate treatment facitlity in case the County STP can not be constructed within the five years. Subcomponent Two: WWTP in Maguan County The Fangshan Garbage Landfill plant in Maguan County is 3.5 m far away from the proposed STP, The difference of height between the subcomponent and the STP is 3.5km, which is conducive to self-flowing of sewage downward. (4) Impacts on STPs and surface water

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Malipo, Maguan, Songming and Funing SWTP subcomponents: The leachate will be treated by the local STPs. The subcomponent analysis shows that the quantity of the leachate accounts for only about 1% of the total sewage in the local STPs, which will not increase the load of wastewater to be treated for the STPs. The calculation indicates the leachate can not influence the normal operation of the local STPs, both from the perspective of volume and water quality, when the leachate mixing with sewage. Therefore, it could be considered to mix the leachate with municipal sewage to be treated together. The standard for the outlet water from STPs is the Class 2 of GB8978- 1996’Integrated wastewater discharge standard”. Calculation indicates that the quality of the outlet water from the STPs can still reach the standard for discharging, when mixing with the leachate, which has little impact on surface water bodies. In normal situation, the leachate will be sent to be treated in the county STP, and then discharging into Mudu River, when meeting the requirements by the local EPB. The leachate has less impact on Fengyu River, Cibi Lake and Mudu River. SWTP in Lijiang City The predicting results show that the leachate from the subcomponent has a small impact on Wenhua River. (5)Impacts on the underground water The Refuse Landfill Subcomponent in Songming County According to the engineering survey report, the stratum within the landfill site has a good and natural function of seepage prevention, which can effectively prevent the polluted water from spreading widely to the surroundings. The possibility that the crevice water in the bedrock will be polluted is less. The landfill site is belong to a sperated geological unit, the hydrological and geological conditions are simple. There are no clear water layers within the area of the subcomponent. The underground water is shallow underground water mainly from the surface runoffs , the quantity is small. The way that the groundwater within this area is becoming polluted is polluting the wells near the villages through leakage. There are two wells around this garbage landfill site, one is in Luojing Village, the other is in He You Village. ①The depth of the well in Luojing Village is 5m and the depth for water-fectching is 2.5m. The type of water-bearing layer of the underground water is shallow pore water. The well in Luojing Village is located in the southwest side of the subcomponent, 1350m far away from the site. From the perspective of the relations between recharge, runoff and discharge, the area in which the landfill site is located is not belong to the recharge areas of the well. The landfill plant has no impacts on the groundwater of the well.

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②The depth of the well in He You Village is 10m and the depth for water-fectching is 2-4m. The type of water-bearing layer of the underground water is shallow pore water. The well in Luojing Village is located in the southwest side of the subcomponent, 1350m far away from the site. From the perspective of the relations between recharge, runoff and discharge, the area in which the landfill site is located is within the upstream area of the recharge areas of the groundwater, but because the depth of the well in He You is only 10m, the underground is recharged mainly with the rainfall in the area of the well, the garbage landfill plant has a small impact on the water quality of the well in He You. not belong to the recharge areas of the well. However, the Technical Specification allows the incidence of seepage with＜ 10-7cm／s. The well in He You Village is at the downstream of the subcomponent, the water of the well will be polluted after the landfill plant runs a few years latter. So the water of the well can not be used for drinking, but for irrigation and greening and other purposes. The Garbage Landfill Subcomponent in Lu Quan County There are four pools and one well in the downstream area of the Landfill site in Luquan County. The type of water-bearing layer of the underground water is shallow pore water and crevice water. The depth for water-fetching in the well of the upper Shihuiyao village is 2.5m, and its recharge areas are the mountain ridges in the west, which are sperated by a mountain ridge. The area in which the landfill is located is not belong to the recharge areas of the well, From the perspective of the relations between recharge, runoff and discharge. And also the well locates in the upper and side direction of water flow, therefore, the Landfill site has no impacts on the groundwater of the well. The water at the bottom of the pools comes from the underground naturally. The analysis on the existing information and data shows that the recharge areas of the pools are at the hillsides of the eastof the pools. The landfill site is located in the west of the pools, which isn’t belonging to the recharge areas of the well. The altitude of the landfill site is relatively high, and the water-fetching places for the villages are in the downstream of the drainage areas of the groundwater in the landfill site. The stratum of the landfill site is mainly of sandstones and shales, which has a natural function of seepage prevention. In addition, the subcomponent will be constructed according CJJ17-2004, the seepage prevention system that the vertical seepage ratio is less than 1×10-7cm/s will be built, which can effectively prevent the polluted water from spreading widely, therefore, in the normal situation, the possibility that the groundwater within the subcomponent area will be polluted is very less, and the construction of the landfill site has smaller impacts on the pools and the wells. The Garbage Landfill Subcomponent in Xundian County The Leachate collecting system is designed in the waste landfill site, which can make the leachate discharging to the outside from the garbage piles, so that the residence time of

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leachate in the landfill site and the possibilities of polluting underground water are reduced. The EIA thinks that there is no bad geological phenomena in the landfill site; the landfill site can satisfy the requirement defined in the Technical Specification for Municipal Solid Waste Sanitary Landfill (CJJ17-2004), the expected results of seepage prevention can be gained, and the pollution of leachate on the underground water can be eliminated SWTP of Lijiang , Eryuan, City, Maguan, Funing, Malipo Counties The stratum of the garbage landfill sites is well-distributed and stable,, the carrying capacity is high, the permeability coefficient is between 0.005 m/d and 15.4 m/d, the permeability is very changeable, ① the clay layer is Micro-permeable, ②silty clay Mixed with macadam is weakly permeable, ③silty clay mixed with gravel layer is permeable. Therefore, the engineering measure of artificial seepage prevention in horizontal way is adopted, and will be constructed according to the Technical Specification for Municipal Solid Waste Sanitary Landfill (CJJ17-2004), the permeability coefficient can be less than 10-7cm/s. In normal operation, when the seepage prevention membrane is not broken, the underground water will not be polluted by Leachate.

5.2.2.4 THE IMPACT OF LEACHATE TANKS The leachate regulation tanks which are built at the downstream of the landfill sites will have some negative impacts on the environment such as odor, potential leachate leakage and overflow. Such potential problems have been already considered at the design phases. For example, the leachate regulation tanks of about 10,000m3 are designed through calculating the quantity of leachate produced and the quantity of leachate being sprayed back to the garbage piles, and with consideration of the average annual precipitation and evaporation, so as to reduce the incidence of overflowing of the leachate. The leachate regulation tanks have a concrete structure, with the HDPE impermeable membrane and mattress at the bottom, and also with movable covers, which will reduce the pollution of odor. The above-mentioned measures will minimize the impacts of the regulation tanks on the environment.

5.2.2.5 THE IMPACTS OF SPRAYING BACK LEACHATE AND TRANSPORTING IT The odor, aerosols, bacteria in the leachate and epidemics will negatively impact on the surrounding environment and the operators when the leachate is spraying out. However, the optimization of the operation schemes and the engineering measures will effectively reduce the impacts of leachate spraying. For example, when spraying of leachate, selecting the sunshine days with small wind, to the leeward direction; the operators need wear the protective clothes. The operators should spray deodorizer at the necessary time. The odor and leachate will not impact on the resident area which is beyond the sanitary protective distance. There will have leakage problem and the odor pollution in the process of the transportation of leachate ,so the sealed trucks need to be used, the routines need to be in particular

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identified and selected to keep far away the main traffic roads, the densely populated area and the environmental-sensitive areas. The time for transporting leachate should be not in the traffic peak hours, better in the early morning or at late night, As such, there will not have a big problem from the transportation of leachate. The specific environmental management measures for leachate are detailed in the Environmental Management Plan

5.2.2.6 FOLLOW-UP MEASURES TO BE TAKEN AFTER THE CLOSURES OF THE GARBAGE LANDFILL PLANTS The landfill plants will be closed and managed when their lifespans are ended. The purposes of its closure are: to prevent the leachate from increasing when the rain-water seeps through the landfill sites, which will make the treatment of leachate more difficult, with more inputs needed; to prevent the harmful gas and odor gas, which are from the garbage degradation, directly discharging into the air and polluting the air; to prevent the people from exposing to the harzadous solid wastes; to prevent or reduce the mosquitos and flies from fast growing. Trees and grasses will be planted in the abandoned sites, for land reclamation or for other purpose use.. The landfill plants are not be used anymore after it is closed,, but the decomposition of organic substances and the infiltration of rainwater will still produce the leachate in the abandoned sites. Now, part of the treated leachate can be used and sprayed back to the landfill’s vegetations in order to reduce the quantity of leachate needed to be transported outside. The rest leachate will be transported to STP for treatment. The daily maintenance, checking and repairments for the leachate treatment facilities need to be strengthened the day-to-day management on the Waste Water Treatment System need to be strengthened, until the garbage landfill sites are in the stable status. The follow-up measures include: to carry out observations on sedimentation, to carry out monitoring on groundwater , to control leachate and landfill gas, and to carry out observations on the growth of vegetations, and to carry out supervision on the production of pests and odor gas.

5.2.2.7 THE IMPACTS OF LANDFILL GAS (LFG) ON THE ENVIRONMENT LFG are from the degradation of organic substances in landfill sites. LFG is composed of 40-60% methane, 40-60%CO2 and1% other organic substances. If it is not brought under an effective control, the odor produced will be harmful to health of the surrounding residents and the operators. it will also reduce the concentration of O2 in the air, which affects the growth of the plants and cause the explosion. For garbage disposal plant, it is the key to bring the LPG under an effective control for the protection of the environment and the reduction of polluion. The efficiently controlled odor can diminish pollution and protect the environment. (1)Component analysis of landfill gas

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Through an analogy with the components of the LPG in other domestic garbage disposal plants, the percentages of different LFG components are determined as follows (see the Table 5.2-10.

Table 5.2-10 Composition of waste air on waste landfill

The volume percentage of the domestic This NO. Components typical LFG (stem volume as the benchmark, subcomponent %) values(%)

1 CH4 45~50 50

2 CO2 40~60 49

3 N2 2.0~5.0

4 O2 0.1~1.0

5 H2S 0~1.0 0.5

6 NH3 0.1~1.0 0.5

7 H2 0~0.2 8 CO 0~0.2 9 other gases 0.01~0.6

Therefore, according to the analogy analysis, it is dertmined that the components of LPG in this subcomponent are as follows: 50%CH4, 0.5% sulfide (97.5%H2S, 2.5% methanthiol) and 0.5%NH3. (2)Forecast on the volume of the landfill gas produced The steps adopted by the forecasting are as follows: A) Determinine Gas intensity of landfill certifies. B) Determinine Gas intensity of CH4, H2S, methanthiol and NH3. C) Determine Gas emission intensity of landfill. The specific process as follows: A) Gas intensity of landfill The gas intensity of CH4, H2S, methanthiol and NH3 are determined, by considering the characteristics of the components of landfill gas and their harmfulness to the environment.

Caculating the landfill gas production rate by using of the experience formula which is provided by Urban Life Waste Treatment of the Ministry of Construction. The formula as follows:

−kt G = L(1−10 )

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3 G — the gas producing volume per t， m t garbage；

K — the coefficient of gas producing rate，1 a ；

3 L — the optimum gas producing volume per t through the theoretical calculations， m t garbage； t — time， a 。 The formula of gas production rate of a gas：

V = G × the annual volume of garbage for landfill× the percentage of the volume of a gas in the

3 total produced， m a 。

The life span of the landfill plant is 20 years. Unitary landfill technique is adopted. Calculation results of the gas producing volume per t and total volume after 1~20 years is listed in below table.

Table 5.2-11 Cumulative gas production of waste landfill in the 20 years Service Rate of Cumulative gas Annual gas production（m3/a） Life production (m3/t garbage) 1 2.80 1.84×105 2 5.42 3.56×105 3 7.86 5.16×105 4 10.14 6.66×105 ……. 10 20.95 1.38×106 …… 15 27.10 1.78×106 …… 20 33.20 2.13×106

From the above-mentioned table, we can know that: the gas-producing rate is 2.80m3 per ton waste in the year of waste landfill. For every cell, the gas-producing rate decreases over time. After its life over, the maximal accumulative gas-producing rate can achieve 33.20m3 per ton waste, and at this time, the annual maximal gas-producing quantity achieves 2.13×106m3. B The gas-producing intensity of CH4, H2S, Methanthiol, NH3 In general, the volume of CH4 gas accounts for half of the total of landfill gas. The sulfide gas (97.5% H2S, 2.5% Methanthiol) is produced after the aerobic phase ended, but the anaerobic phase started, the sulfide gas is produced in the year of waste landfill and accounts

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for 0.5 of the total landfill gas. NH3 gas accounts for 0.1 to 1.0 of the tot landfill gas in the same year, the value of 0.5% is adopted here. The calculated results of the optimium gas-producing intensity are as following.

Table 2.2-12 Gas source intensity of waste landfill

Factors CH4 H2S CH4S NH3 Rate of gas 1.06×106 897 23 10650 production（m3/a） Intensity of 86.43 0.155 0.005 0.923 Sources (kg/h)

C Landfill gas The gas emitting introduction system for landfill gas is a kind of dispersive leading, concentrated collection for burning. the equations are:

CH4+O2→CO2+H2O

H2S+O2→SO2+H2O

CH3SH+O2→SO2+H2O The domestic information on the general waste landfill shows that the collecting efficiency of landfill emitting introduction system can be more than 80%, even to 100%, and the collected gas can be burned up completely, the burning efficiency is 100%. The emitting intensity are determined as follows, by considering both the most advantageous and disadvantageous aspects in this assessment,

Table 5.2-13 Gas Emission Intensity of Landfill

NO. conditions Gas Emission Intensity optimum：efficiency of 1 SO ：0.300kg/h gas-gathering 100％ 2

CH4：17.28kg/h H S：0.031kg/h general：efficiency of 2 2 SO ：0.24kg/h gas-gathering 80％ 2 NH3:0.738kg/h CH4S：0.001kg/h

CH4：86.43 kg/h worst：Disperse emission H S：0.155kg/h 3 2 without gathering NH3：0.923kg/h CH4S：0.005kg/h The forecasted quantities of landfill gas produced in each subcomponent are as following:

Table 5.2-14 Prediction of annual gas production

Items Life Span Gross of others Municipal Solid Waste Collection and 2010 58 (m3/h)

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Disposal Subcomponent in Eryuan County 2020 227(m3/h) 2028 367(m3/h) 2010 123 (m3/h) Municipal Solid Waste Collection and 2020 223 (m3/h) Disposal Subcomponent in Xundian County 2028 417 (m3/h) 2010 123 (m3/h) Municipal Solid Waste Collection and 2020 223 (m3/h) Disposal Subcomponent in Funing County 2028 417 (m3/h) (3) Disposal of landfill gas The options used for each disposal plan are almost the same. The exhaust well to introducing of the emission gas is used for the newly-landfilled waste adopting the introduction system compose by stone cage and PVC guiding pipe can effectively diverse the waste gas from waste fermentation discharging outside in an organisational way. the exhaust well is built up with crude stones as a piled cage, the diameter of this stone-made cage is about 1000 mm, a HDPE perforated tube in a diameter of 200 mm is set in the middle of the cage. The height of stone cage goes up along with the height of waste layer; the height of stone cage is required 1 meter higher than the waste layer surface. At the first operational phase of waste landfill, the quantity of CH4 gas is less, the collected gas can be emitted directly. The quantity of CH4 gas increases at the operational metaphase of waste landfill plant, the collected gas is finally burned up sufficiently with the torch burner. The gas from the existing waste gas is collected with mechanical drilling, the structure of drilling is as the same as that of the emitting well. The inner pipes of emitting well are connected through the HDPE perforated tube laid in a horizontal way，the gas is collected with air extractor device and then burned up with the torch combustor. After high-temperature burning up in the combustor devices, the flammable gas such as CH4 etc can be burned up sufficiently and transformed into water and CO2; the main flammable odor components such as H2S etc generate SO2 with high temperature.

Figure 5.2-1 Collection and Disposal of Landfill Gas

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(4) Impacts on the Atmosphere Environment Through an anology with the real monitoring results from the garbage landfill plants of Kunming City, the impacts of landfill gas from the subcomponent on the environment can be forecasted and analysed. The garbage sanctuary landfill plants in the eastern and western suburbs of Kunming City were put into use is used in May 1, 2001. The daily quantity of garbage piled is about 1500 ton. In April 2002, the Kunming Environmental Monitoring Center carried out an monitoring on the concentration of TSP, NH3, H2S and odor, the results are shown below.

Table 5.2-15 Monitoring results of domestic waste sanitary landfill site in Kunming Average Average Average Average Items concen- concentration of concentration concentration of

Sites tration of SS in NH 1hour of H S1hour mephitis 1hour monitoring sites 3 2 1hour（mg/m3）（mg/m3）（mg/m3）（zero dimension） concentration 0.53～1.35 0.019～0.101 0.000～0.005 1.41 Controlling margin site（100m to superstandard 50 0 0 —— the North rate % east of maximum Refuse landfill site） superstandard 0.5 0 0 —— site in multiples the concentration eastern Comparing 0.04～0.23 0.012～0.094 0.000 0.00 margin suburb site（200m to superstandard the south 0 0 0 —— rate % west of landfill maximum superstandard 0 0 0 —— sites ） multiples concentration 0.07～0.35 0.015～0.225 0.000～0.002 1.41 Controlling margin superstandard site（50m to 0 13 0 —— rate % the North of maximum landfill site） Refuse superstandard 0 0.13 0 —— site in multiples west concentration 0.04～0.09 0.009～0.052 0.000 0.00 suburb Comparing margin site（200m to superstandard 0 0 0 —— the south of rate % landfill maximum sites ） superstandard 0 0 0 —— multiples The data above show that: the concentrations of main pollutants are dropping down along with the distance exposed away from the sources of garbage. TSP, NH3 and H2S do not exceed the standard within the scope of 200 meter away from down wind, the concentrations of them are at the range f the maximum allowable limits of harmful substance for the resident areas stipulated by the Hygenic Standard for Design of Industrial Enterprises (TJ36-79) After the analogy analysis, we can use the diffusing model of area pollution sources:

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Q ⎡ ⎛ y 2 He 2 ⎞⎤ C()x, y,0 = ⋅exp⎢− ⎜ + ⎟⎥ ⎜ 2 2 ⎟ πuσ yσ z ⎢ 2σ 2σ ⎥ ⎣ ⎝ y z ⎠⎦ The results of analysanalyzing theis impacts of landfill gas on the air environment indicateshow that: (1) Ppollution at the boundaries of the plants: under the most negative condition, in the dead wind, the one hour maximum contribution value of Methanthiol, NH3, H2S freely emitted by the proposed subcomponents can accord with the second class in the Table of the Emission standards for odor pollutants (GB4554-93), and can be discharged with reaching the standards. It is the same when the speed of wind is 2.5m/s . (2)The impacts on the sensitive points: under the dead wind condition, after plus the environmental background concentrations, the one hour maximum contribution value of Methanthiol, NH3 freely emitted by the proposed subcomponents to the sensitive points nearby the waste landfill sitesma can accord with “the maximum allowable limits of the harmful substances for residential areas. The same is under the windy condition (3)fetor gas: according to actual monitoring, supreme ground and a hour consistence of NH3 and H2S is lower than that of the standard. They could satisfy the standard of maximum allowable concentration of pollutants for residential areas after adding. The background values. It has less impact on the regional environment. (4) The assessment results show that sanitation safety distance for the non-organizational discharges of pollutants is 500m. The NH3 and H2S discharged by the proposed subcomponents, in a non-organisational way, have small impacts on the plant boundary areas and the environmental-sensitive spots. The analysis on the meteorogical factors in the subcomponent areas show that the incidence of the pollution is lower. In a word, during its operation of the refuse landfill plants, the landfill waste gas will not have a big impacts on the regional environment.

5.2.2.8 IMPACTS ON THE MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVE SPOTS During the period of the subcomponent operation,, the main impact of the Municipal Solid Waste Collection and Disposal Subcomponents is that the filtrate fluid will affect the innational water channels when in unnormal discharge. The details are as follows:

Table 5.2-15 The impact on the international waterway the distance sub- international away the components Simple analysis on possible impacts and results waterways national name boundary

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the distance sub- international away the components Simple analysis on possible impacts and results waterways national name boundary The receiving body is the secondary branch of Chouyang River, called Chouhe River. Normally, the leachate to STP treatment. In accidental situation (leachate pipelines broken, the leachate overflow by storms and etc.), main pollutants are COD、 BOD 、 SWTP in 5 NH3-N and etc. because the incidence of unnormal About 30km Malipo County discharge is lower, the EIA already considered measures needed to be taken, also plus with a 30km-long natural degradation after into the river, the leachate has small impact, on the lower reaches of the river, therefore, the onstruction of Hong River the subcomponent will not change the water volume and the System water quality of Chouyang River. (China, Viet- The receiving body is the secondary branch of Zhaihe River, Nam) called Xiang Shuihe River. Normally, the leachate will be to the STP treatment. In accidental situation (leachate pipelines broken, the leachate overflow by storms and etc.), main SWTP in pollutants are COD、BOD5、NH3-N and etc. because the Maguan About 30km incidence of unnormal discharge is lower, the EIA already County considered measures needed to be taken, also plus with a 30km-long natural degradation after into the river, the leachate has small impact, on the lower reaches of the river, therefore, the onstruction of the subcomponent will not change the water volume and the water quality of Xiang Shuihe River.

5.2.3 The Integrated Environmental Renovation Subcomponents on Rivers (Lakes)

5.2.3.1 IIMPACTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT The Integrated Environmental Renovation Subcomponents on Rivers (lakes) have positive impacts on the environment during the period of its operation, including improving the quality of surface water, the ecological environment within the watersheds, and the sanitary condition around the villages, and reducing pollutants discharges into rivers and lakes. Additionally, the river banks would also restored for the guaranteeing of flood controlling capacity, and the water quality of inlet rivers can be meet the requirements defined in the relevant plans for the renovation of the watersheds.

5.2.3.2 IMPACTS ON THE MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL-SENSITIVE SPOTS (1) Impacts on special protected areas and ecological-sensitive zone and natural inhabitats The Integrated Water Environmental Renovation Subcomponent on Rivers (lakes) have impacts on special protected areas and ecological sensitive zones and natural habitats during the period of its operation, which are as follows:

Table 5.1-16 Special protected areas, Ecological-sensitive area、Rare habitats Names of Environment Prefecture/ Main protecting sub-subcompon -sensitive Types and Classes Municipality object ents points Integrated Water aquatic biological prefecture-level Dali Haixi lake Environmental environment nature reserve

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Lake and aquatic prefecture-level Zhibi lake organisms nature reserve aquatic biological Yunnan provincial natural Xi lake environment scenic spot Erhai lake Case-II Waters national nature reserve Integrated Water Environmental wildlife、primary Wen Renovation provincial-level nature Puzhehei landform、 shan Subcomponent in reserve Puzhehei Lake of plateau lake etc. Qiubei County

Subcomponent 1: Integrated Water Environmental Renovation of Major River Courses into Erhai Lake The implementation of the Subcomponent will enable the water quality of Haixihai ，Xihu and Cibihu meeting the requirements defined in the Er’hai Plan, with the rehabilitation of ecological balance, the increase of biodiversity, the increase of effectiveness of water and soil conservancy and improvement of eco-landscape with the region. The pollution loads into the lake will be reduced, the inlet water quality will be improved, the number of biodiversity will be increased, the environment for eco-tourism will be improved, the coverage of vegetation within the watershed will be increased, further the eco-system will become a benign circle, and the non-point pollution load will be reduced.. Subcomponent 2: Integrated Water Environmental Renovation Subcomponent in Puzhehei Lake of Qiubei County This subcomponent will effectively reduce the pollution loads into the lake, prevent the lakeshores from degradation, and restore the Puzhehei’s ecological system , with rebuilding and rehabiliting the wetlands, for protecting the biodiversity and improving the stability and increasing the environmental carrying capacity of the lake. (2) Impacts on physical and cultural resources The subcomponent of comprehensive renovation on water environment of rivers (lakes) have no impacts on physical and cultural resource (3) The impacts on the international water channel Of all the subcomponent of comprehensive renovation on water environment of rivers (lakes), the Integrated Environment Management Subcomponent of Panlonghe River in Wenshan County will have impacts on the international water channels. Its main impacts will be produced in the period of construction, and the main pollutant is SS. The quantity of water is remaining as usual. The soil loss along Panlonghe River will be massively reduced through the comprehensive renovation, and the water quality of the river will be improved, and the flood-controlling standard is raised from one time happened every a few years to one time happened every 50 years. Therefore, the construction of the Subcomponent would not change the water quantity of Panlonghe River, while improving water quality.

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5.2.4 Other types

5.2.4.1 THE IMPACTS ON THE WATER ENVIRONMENT Subcomponent 1: Rural runoff pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin The volume of the waste water discharged from the treatment facilities of the subcomponent is 3598m3/d in the case of normal situation. This waste water still has impacts on the quality of the water bodies around the villages where these facilities are located. The proposed subcomponent spreads within the villages that have large areas, large coverage of vegetation and strong self-purification capacity, the concentration of pollutants in the water bodies will decrease from the discharge outlet to the all round. The sewage would not produce any new pollution to the water environment around the villages when discharged in the case of accidence. The subcomponent spreads with the 28 villages and each village has a small volume of sewage discharged. Therefore, the tail water has only a small impact on the water bodies such as rivers, lakes etc. around the villages after treated through the waste water treatment facilities because it satisfies the corresponding standard. The subcomponent requires the facilities decrease TP 2.85t, TN 31.52t, COD 284.88t a year. Through the sewage treatment facilities of the subcomponent, the annual volume of TP reduced is 2.85 tons, TN 31.52 tons and COD 284.88 tons. The concentration and volume of the pollutants discharged into the rivers and lakes etc. around the villages will be reduced obviously, the water environment of part of small water bodies will be improved, which is conducive to the improvement of the water quality of Erhai Lake. In addition, the total population of the 28 villages involved in the subcomponent is 31189 people. Caculated with 1.2 kg of daily feces per capita, the total feces amount is 13.66088 million tons. The feces are usually used as manure in the local traditional farming, eco-sanitation toliets and public toilets can help realize the reuse, innocuous utilization of the feces and decrease the use of chemical fertilizer. Therefore, from the perspective of environmental protection, the positive impacts of the subcomponent on the water quality of the water bodies around the villages are much more than the negative impacts. Sub-Subcomponent 2 : Lijiang Lion Mountain Environment Renovation Subcomponent The subcomponent uses the separated drainage system. The rainwater is collected and discharged into the municipal rainwater system; because the resident population in the subcomponent area is small and the tourists use eco-sanitation toilets, the volume of domestic sewage produced is small and the concentration of the pollutants is low. Then the sewage discharges into the municipal sewage pipeline nets, is treated in STP and discharges after meeting the standard. The impacts on the surface water environment is acceptable. Now the Lijiang City already has one STP with the treatment capacity of 10000m3/d, and the City

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plans to set up the second STP. The current treatment facility have a capacity of accepting the domestic sewage produced by the subcomponent during it is running.

5.2.4.2 THE IMPACTS ON THE ATMOSPHERE ENVIRONMENT Subcomponent 1: Rurual runoff pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin The main waste gas sources of the subcomponent are the odors produced in the running process of sewage treatment and the feces from public toilets and dry latrines. The odor pollutants include H2F, NH3, Methanthiol, Trimethylamine etc. They are discharged in an unorder way.. The protective sanitation distances away from the sewage treatment facilities, dry latrines and public toilets can be determined by using of analogy. By carrying out an analogy with the soil purification tanks in Zhoucheng village in Xizhou town and Wase village in Wase town, and the artifical wetlands in Shangjie village, Xiangyang village in Haidong town, the volume of the odor gas produced by the sewage treatment facilities is less; the feces in dry latrines and public toilets are without smell after treated and has only a small impact on villagers. By doing an analog with the existing dry latrines and public toilets in Erhai watersheds, 100m is a reliable protective sanitation distance for the inorder- discharged waste gas. Sub-Subcomponent 2 : Lijiang Lion Mountain Environment Renovation Subcomponent The vehicles passing in and out the subcomponent’s areas will produce some waste gas; however, the vehiles flow is limit except that of Cultural Square Park. Meanwhile, because there are very strict limits in the national standard for the emissions of newly-produced vehicles, the discharging of the automobile exhust gases in the subcomponent area will not have a big impact on the surroundings. There are paved roads, less barren soil and better vegetation in the area, therefore, the volume of suspended dust produced is very less, which will have small impact on the atmospheric environment.

5.2.4.3 THE IMPACTS OF NOISE Subcomponent 1： Rural runoff pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin The main noise sources of the subcomponent are the water dropping sound produced by water-collecting wells and the noise produced by sewerage pumps etc. The sewerage pumps are diving pumps located in the water-collecting wells and have no impacts on the surroundings. Because the lands occupied by the village-level sewage treatment facilities are idle and unused land, natural wetlands and low lands, it is estimated that the boundary noises will not exceed the standard both at daytime and at night in the course of the

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subcomponent operation. The subcomponent will almost have no impact on the surroundings. Sub-Subcomponent 2 : Lijiang Lion Mountain Environment Renovation Subcomponent The main noises in the course of the subcomponent’s operation after the subcomponent completion are the noise from daily life, the noise from the physical facilities when they are working, and the noise from the vehicles passing in and out the areas. These noises will have a small impact through sound insulation of the buildings and distance attenuation.

5.2.4.4 THE IMPACTS OF SOLID WASTES Subcomponent 1：Rural runoff pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin The main solid waste in the course of the subcomponent operation are the feces from dry latrines and public toilets, and the solid wastes and plant residues from sewage treatment facilities, as well as the domestic refuse from management staffs. The feces from dry latrines and public toilets will have a small impact on the environment when they are used as manure for reforest and greening etc. The number of solid wastes produced by sewage treatment facilities and the domestic garbage from the staffs are few and will not have a big impact on the environment. The sludge produced by the sewage treatment facilities are not belonged to hazardous wastes but containing some nutriments. They have a function of improving soil fertility and structure and can be transported to SWTP for landfill or composting etc. The domestic garbage can be also cleared up and transported to SWTP for landfill. Based on the above-mentioned analysis, it can be seen that the environmental condition of the villages in the subcomponent area will be obviously improved. Therefore, the solid wastes will not have a big impact on the environment. Sub-Subcomponent 2: Lijiang Lion Mountain Environment Renovation Subcomponent The solid wastes in the course of the subcomponent’s operation are mainly produced by tourists and the management staffs. The solid wastes will be collected with garbage cans, and then cleared up by local environmental sanitation station regularly for a concentrated disposal. This part of solid wastes will have only a little impact on the environment if they are cleared up timely. In order to reduce the pollution of domestic garbage to the subcomponent area, it is suggested to use two kinds of recycled and non-recycled dustbins to collect garbage in a dual way. The life refuse should be packed, and the waste metal, paper, plastics should be collected and reused and the plants residues should be cleared up by local environmental sanitation station timely and transported to SWTP for disposal.

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5.2.4.5 THE IMPACTS ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL-SENSITIVE POINTS (1) Impacts on special conservation zones, ecological-sensitive zones and natural habitats The investigation shows that the sewage from the villages around the small lakes and rivers and ditches within the Erhai watershed are directly discharged into the lakes and rivers without any treatment. The pollutants would be poured into rivers in stormy season. It could lower down the water qualities of rivers and ditches and small lakes, and destroy the landscapes and fuctions of the water bodies severely. The decrease of the water quality of Erhai greatly changed the aquatic creature community structure and dominant plant species. The pollution-resistant and fertiliser-loving plants in submerged plants, like Potamogeton maackianus became the dominant community, which makes the biodiversity reduced and the rare endemic species being threatened. The implementation of the subcomponent willl effectively improve the water quality of those small or big lakes, rivers and ditches , and rehabilitate the living environment for aquatic creatures and a healthy ecological system for Erhai Lake. (2)The impacts on physical and culrural resources If the subcomponent strengthens the management, prevents human destruction during the operational period, it will have a small impact on cultural relics and historic sites at normal situtation. The subcomponent will have a small impact on the “Ancient Tea-and-horse Passage ", if it is not allowed overabundant tourists enter to cause a human destruction. The ancient architectures and folk buildings are managed, maintained and protected by the owners themselves. The subcomponent will have a small impact on them.

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6 MITIGATION MEASURES

6.1 THE MITIGATION MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE

6.1.1 Mitigation Measures of WS & WW Sub-components (1)The air pollution prevention and control measure In the network construction site, the contractors should apply fences, covers, sprinkler dust, as well as identification of a special area for soil dumpping, adopt the solutions of spraying water and coverage of solid waste on the deserted soils (residues) to prevent the fly dust pollution and set up a reasonable construction schedule to shorten the construction phase. The contractors should build a concrete fence around the construction plant, identify a site to keep sand, gravel and cement safe, establish sanitation regulations, clean the grounds and roads and keep them moist frequently, collect building material’s packaging waste in a centralized systmen and clean regularly, remove the soil on the wheels regular to prevent road from being dusty. During loading and transporting the building materials and dumpping soils, the contractors need to stamp Tarpaulin and not overloading and use commodity (wet) cement and cement prefabricated parts to minimize the amount of dry cement in the construction phase. (2)The noise pollution control measures The contractors should arrange the construction schedule reasonably, turn down the volumn of equipments and the artificial noise, establish temporary sound barrier. If there are any sensitive points around the contractive region, the contractors mustn’t construct at night. (3)the measures to prevent traffic jams during the construction phase If the construction is in central areas or across the trunk roads, the contractors should take it into serious consideration by speeding up the construction of the temporary routes and nominate a person directing traffic, enhance the management during the construction phase and shorten the construction phase. (4)the ecological environment degradation prevention and treatment measure The contractors should choose a suitable spot for dumpping soils and residues, ideally those residues could be directly reusable. They should construct the project in sub-paragraphs to reduce the impact on the landscape, enlarge the green belt along the network and restore plantations to raise green indicators and improve urban environment. The contractors should set up an environmental protection oversight agency and recruit full-time staff, strengthen construction management and environmental protection dissemination and education, such as posting and setting up nature protection warning

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sign-post near the work shed-served, so as to remind people of the ecological environment protection and prohibit the dissfforestation. The contractors must comply with the rules of contract as follows: construct the project in strict accordance with the scope of construction, protect the vegetation around the scope of construction as hard as possible, transport the deserted residues to the designated slag field but longitudinal dumps are prohibited. (5)The water pollution control measures The workers of the drainage netweork sub-component should make full use of existing facilities nearby. The contractors should adopt a good management scheme into the site, keep land formation, maintain the earthwork formation in order to avoid the interverance into the nearby rivers and cannels, no stock of the construction materials such as fuel and chemicals near the River water is allowed and cover provisional blocked canvas on the materials in order to avoid from entering the water body with the contribution of winds and storm. The contractors also need to strengthen management of the environment and prevent leakage of fuel oil or waste dumped into the water which will be environmental problem later on. Our recommended methodology is the utilization of a receiver to collect the oil spills leakage from construction machinery. The contractors should build a sediment tank during the construction phase. The rain-sewage, the stored water from the site and so on are useful in the precipitation treatment and use the water as a rinser and sprinkler when the water meet the standard. The contractors should build some temporary easy-to-use facilities such as temporary canteens and toilets in the construction sites. The kitchen wastewater is finally used for sprinkling after removal of oil and suspended solid. Dry toilets will be introduced in the site and they will be dredged by environmental sanitary departments entrusted. (6)the improvement measures of the temporary sites The contractors should optimize the planning and the routine of construction, minimize temporary occupied land and the pressure on green belt, transplant the turf or trees on the occupied land but no carefulless damage. (7)the protection of cultural resources Once there was any cultural relic founded during the construction, such as tombs and other cultural heritage, the contractors should temporarily halt the construction and notify the heritage authority who should commit site visits to make decision of next steps.

6.1.2 Mitigation Measures for Domestic SW Sub-component

6.1.2.1 CLOSURE OF EXISTING LANDFILL SITES (1)DSW collection and disposal project of Luquan County

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The Maoshan waste dumping site is located near the Zhangjiu River. It doesn’t have any measure to take heavy rainfall. It is polluting the surrounding environment severely, particularly on Zhangjiu River. This project proposes closure of the existing landfill site. Disposal methodologies are as follows: A) Construction of a dam to prevent landslide at the bottom of the waste dumping site. The height of the dam is 2m with the length of the dam is 100m. The materials will be cement-rubble stone and the volumn is as big as 500m3. B) Construct interception ditches at the edge of the landfill site to avoid the erosion of surface water during the rainy season. Its cross-sectional area is as big as 0.4m x 0.4 m and 800 meters long. The materials use the brick masonry and cement sand paddle which is used to clean the surface. C) Cover and closure of the landfill site. The contractors should keep the surface in formation and cover it with compacted clay layer as thick as300mm as the leakage prevention layer, with the compacting rate as much as 90%, then cover with 500mm natural soils and the final layer should be 200mm of cultivation soil. Altoghter 15,000 m3 backfilling earthwork is needed. D) Installation of blowhole so that the landfill gas can be released into the air. The blowhole pipe is a kind of DN160 PE perforated pine in the shape of plum flower. 10 pipes are needed with the average length of 20m long each, 40m interval E) Reafforestation area and the green belt area is as big as 15,000m2.

(2)DSW collection and disposal project of Songming County The DSW of Songming County is barely piled at the Coal slope which is 7km away from the southeast of the county town. The solid wastes are not treated at all after entering the site except some pesticide is occasionally applied by workers. The landfill closure measure: A) Direct closure of landfill site will be applied. The waste pile should be covered directly with the soil and clay layer, meanwhile blowhole pipe-network should be installed with a layer of the geomembrane and the protective soil layer, then the recovery of green belt should be started. B) At the top of the waste pile, directed gas release is required with soil covered on the furface. The waste can not generate as much as as before after few years. So the gas can be either lightened or naturally released. C) Since the wastes are stored for many years, the output of the landfill leachate is rather small. After cover layer at the surface is completed, the landfill will appear to the anaerobic

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condition which will consumpt water, and the landfill leachate will be much more less. Therefore, the treatment of landfill leachate is not needed. D) The sewage interception project. The ponds will be used to store up the landfill leachate with the reducing quantity by the help of natural evaporation. The contractors should build interception ditches around the landfill sites and ponds so as to prevent overflowing of landfill leachate in the rainy reason. The surface run-off will be directed out of the landfill site. E) After closing the landfill, the contractors should maintain the green belt and recover the ecological environment by building green belt isolation zone around the ponds, planting trees, shrub and herb combination of green plants on the top of the landfill.

(3)DSW collection and disposal project of Xundian County The waste dumping site of Xundian County is piling up in the open air in Xiacun village, near the Tianhe Road,. It is equipped with no treatment facilities and isn’t far from the county town. There are railways located within100m and villages located 200m away. The feasibility study report includes comparation of the investments of the two alternatives—closure of the landfill site and removal of the wastes. The result indicates that the cost of closure is as much as 400,000yuan while the removal costs 3,376,000yuan. So the contractors should adopt the closure on site The specific measures of closure market as follows: A) Build dams around the landfill and other effective facilities to fix the scope of the landfill. B) Newly construct the directing facilities for leachate and the sewage collective pools so as to transport urban sewage into the sewage treatment system. C) Newly construct the gas deriving system to avoid the combustible gases explosion such as methane after the closure. D) Flatten and compact the original wastes, then cover them with 60cm of compacting clay to avoid the rain water leakage. E) Add up to another 30cm of nutrient soil and then reforest.

(4)DSW collection and disposal sub-component of Eryuan County The landfill is located among the hills of Xiaoying village, Sanying town, northeast of Eryuan County, and it is 19km away from the proposed Eryuan Solid Waste Disposal Plant.

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The existing volumn of storage is 100,000t. It is simply a waste dumping site without any soil coverage. The waste from the existing dumping site will be transported to the proposed domestic solid waste disposal site for centralized landfilling. When the construction of the landfill site is completed and operated, the transportation work will be started with help of trucks. According to the calculation in the feasibility report, there will be 2 trucks with the capacity of 10 tonnes each to serve 10 times a day. Finally, the clearance can be finished after 500days. After the clearance of the existing landfill site, it will be closed and refill with soil, and the reforestation.

(5)DSW collection and disposal project at Lijiang County The existing landfill site in Lijiang started operation as early as 2002 and EIA was conducted according to the national regulation. The service year is as long as 13 years. Due to the failure of composting technique, the quantity of waste was pilling up and the rest volumn is only capable for 2 to 3 years. Meanwhile, regardless of expantion of city has some impact on the development of existing landfill site. The contractors must close the landfill according to the requirements in the EIA report and design permit once the landfill service year come to the end.

(6)DSW collection and disposal project at Malipo County The county is equipped with one simple landfill which is located in the Xiushanzhai—3km away from the county town. The measures propsed by the feasibility study are as follows: A) The contractors should do well the protection Work in order to use the landfill continuously. They should install the net at the edge of landfill to avoid the plastic products flowing anywhere and have workers work on spraying of disinfector. B) The original landfill will be flattened after the new landfill is constructed and the surrounding environment will be cleaned according to the Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste. Then the surface will be covered with natural soils as thich as 30cm and 15~20cm of clay (the permeability coefficient is less than 10~6cm/s), they will be compacted and sprayed with disinfector. The contractors should reforest with plant but not crops in order to avoid aggravation of soil erosion.

(7)DSW collection and disposal project at Funing County The original landfill is located 3km away at the south of the county. The wastes in the landfill weight about 60,000 tonnes and the some of them are already covered with clay. The

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old waste treatments approaches adopt artificial screening, incenorating, summary landfill. The old landfill is 7km away from the proosed DSW of Funing County. So the plan is to transfer wastes from the old landfill to the proposed DSW of Funing County for treatment.

(8)DSW collection and disposal project of Maguan County The old Fangshan landfill has served for 4 years and is filled with 45,000 tonnes of various life wastes without any facilities such as impermeable facilities, Leachate direction facilities, sewage interception ditches. The old Fangshan landfill will be used as the No.1 landfill of this project. The No.2 landfill is located in the southwest of the No.1 landfill. The wastes in the No.1 landfill will be removed to the No.2 landfill after the second one is finished. Then start the construction of No.1. landfill

6.1.2.2 MITIGATION MEARUES FOR SW DISPOSAL The measures of the construction of proposed landfill (1)the air pollution control measures -- During the construction phase, the contractors should spray water on the surface of ground to prevent dust if it is continuous fine and windy. -- According to the waste soil treatment planning, the contractors should remove the waste soil in time using the sealed trucks, which can guarantee the soil vehicle compacted less leaking along therload. --The workers should remove the soil on the wheels in order to keep clean environment. --The workers should commit to the hygienic regulation to the front roads and clean-up is required once there are any dumped soil and constructive materials (2)the noise pollution control measures --The contractors mustn’t construct at night. --The contractors should try to use low noise machines. --Construction enclosure has to be constructed around the site to protect the environmental acoustic environment (3)Prevention and control measures for the ecological environment The stone retaining wall of 1.5~2m high (demolished at the end of the construction) has to be constructed in the places where construction works will greatly disturb the ground.

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Construction of permanent interception at the beginning of construction phase, reasonable time schedule, proper prevention measures at the storm weather and reduction construction time during raining season. (4)The water pollution control measures ---settlement tanks suspends the raining water and water-logging of the constructional process, which can be reuse for washing and water sprinkling after meeting with the standard. -Oil separation and settlement tanks will dispose the sewage for later used on sprinkling at the factory site --entrusting municipal sanitary departments to dredge the temporary dry toilets. (5)the solid waste control measures ---timely clean-up of the household waste on the site. The contractor should enhances education of the staff by regulating littering and sanitation environment monitering.

6.1.3 Mitigation Meaures for River/Lake water environment rehabilitation treatment

6.1.3.1 AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION MEASURES ——Closed construction area for rvier dredging. The hight of fence should not be lower than 1.8 meters; fencing must be stable, steady, tidy, standarderize and neat ---- Use hard level ground in construction.harden the roads and building material piling site and foundation. ——River works rehabilitation and brige construction will apply pre-mixed concrete, prohibiting mixing concrete at construction site. ——Strengthen smoke control at the construction site, strictly prohibit discharging Toxic smoke and gas into the construction site, strictly prohibit flowing waste water and dropping waste from high place of building. ——Bottom sediment and waste soil and stone are easy splashing material, should be enclosed transported, so as to efficienctly.control dust and second dust pollution ——It is suggested to apply the machines which are high fuel consumption, low efficiency and discharge waste gas seriously, the oil supply equipments should be properly collocated. ——Waste from dust, flying dust and oil are harmful to people’s health condition; constructor should protect the workers from the pollution. ——Arrange construction schedule properly, reduce the construction duration and reduce waste gas pollution and the impact time.

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——The trucks that transport concrete, lime and construction waste will be closely covered to avoid dust spill along the road. The ash and soil spilled from trucks should be clear up to reduce dust. ——Concrete mixing machine should be fixed in the canopy and used together with the construction site nearby, but at the same time, to be located away from densely populated region such as residents, organizations and schools. There should be some measures for reducing the production of flying dust so as to reduce the impact on public health.

6.1.3.2 NOISE POLLUTION PREVENTION MEASURES ——Meet with the standard distance of noise protection—trucks and loaders should operate at the place which is at least 170 meters away from the sensitive points to noise. ——Working hours should be allocated according to different facilities and noise production level. So as to optimize construction schedule. ——Choose of equipments with lower noise, strengthen maintenance and service, and use damping base fracture for the more vibration equipments ——The transport vehicle should slow down and be prohibited whistle loudly when they go across the resident region.

6.1.3.3 WATER POLLUTION PREVENTION MEASURES ——Laying impermeable layer at the bottom of sediment. Laying geomembrane at the inboard of enclosure, preventing leachate of sediment from filtering into groundwater or flow to surroundings freely. ——The waste water from the dewatering procedure, after sediment process, is expected to meet with the Standard CJ30392-1999 for Quality of Sewage Discharging into Urban Drainage and then input to the sewage treatment plant at Funing county. ——Constructing cofferdam and wastewater sediment tanks at the place of bridge construction and River Works Rehabilitation, effluent of the untreated wastewater into water drainage system is prohibitted so as to prevent water drainage system block and drainage canal. ——Contractor shoud strengthen management, maintainance of machine as soon as possible. Prohibit leaking, dripping and emitting. In addition, covering of all kind of machine during raining day is needed. ——Inform the STP before water effluenting from sediment dewatering plant, which will give enough notice to STP to make adjustment on operationl conditions in time while not affectting its normal operation.

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6.1.3.4 SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL MEASURES ——Immediate Clean-up the waste soil by special soil carrior, no stacking is allowed on the site. ——The building material waste should be classified and collected, which can be recycled by agency when the project is completed. The rest construction material should be cleaned up by the carrior, who should coordinate with the construction site nearby. Or another option is to transport the waste into another site for disposal ——The sediment grabbed from drying field is transported by airtight transport vehicles, to prevent splashing. The sediment is send to solid wastes landfill in Zeban village, earthed up and planted with trees immediately after they are filled in. ——During sediment transportation, carrior should pay more attention to the airtight condition of the vehicle, so as to prevent sediment from leaking out. ——The waste soil can be use to flatten ground and bed roads.

6.1.3.5 ODOR PREVENTION MEASURES Laying plastic membrane on the surface of sludge drying field. Taking the measure of input lime to sludge ponds to control the production of odor material In order to reduce the impact of odor, contractor can insert pipe for effluent which can accelerate sludge drying, shorten construction time, and reduce the impact on residents to the biggest extent Constuctiong in dry season can reduce the content of sediment, shorten drying time.to prevent sediment crushed into revier by rainwater, contractor should carry them away in time. Calculate the number of staff needed the quantity of daily dredging and the number of vehicles during construction phase in detail, try to shorten the construction time, temporary strorage is not recommended Spraying bleaching powder during construction phase can destry Odor molecules, fulfill the both achievement of sterilization and deodorization. While dredging the sediment, every one should wear Gas mask or the masks containing activated carbon fibers as for healthy concern. Additionally, medical staff at the construction site should standby in-situ.

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6.1.3.6 PROTECTIVE MEASURES FOR SENSITIEVEENVIRONMENT The protective measures for special conservative region, Ecological sensitive region , natural habitat ——Take cofferdam as the construction measure so as to prevent water pollution that is caused by turbid water and the mud falling into the river during operational phase. ——The waste water of construction should be deposited in temporary depositional ponds, and used for sprinkling and reafforestation after depositing, in this way the impact of SS on revier water is reduced. ——The mechanical wastewater containing oil should be collected and treated immediately, no discharg into rivers; ——The domestic sewage from construction phase will be discharged into self-built dry latrines for agricultural fertilizer ——Do not strore easymoving hazardous materials and waste soil near the rivers, ponds and irrigation channels. Add covering at the storage site and set enclosure at rain time to prevent from discharging into water body. Protection measures for Culture resources —— If there are cultural relics discovered, contractor should report to the local cultural relics management departmentsin immediately, then determine the follow-up construction scope and order in accordance with the identifying results of cultural relics management departmentsin ——Contractor and the person who is in charge of projects should study culture relic protection law and its relative regulations, and prorect culture relic and Ruins discovered in the conctruction scope by the law. ——All the staff must be careful when constructing in the place that may descover culture relic, such as ancient residential communities, slopes, hills and caves. If there is the trace of culture relic, contractor must stop diging and report to culture relic protection department for investigation and identification immediately. ——If founding culture relic exposed during Construction, contractor must protect the scene immediately, ensure that no person carry culture relic away, otherwise will be punished for thefting and destroying nationalable culture relic. ——Reward the units or indidual, who protect the culture relic carefully and report to protection department in time, punish for the ones, who refuse to reporting, or theft, damage the culture relic.the serious one or who caused great losses should investigate their criminal liabilities by law.

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——Strengthen education of the contractor, If founding culture relic exposed, contractor should close off scene immediately and report to culture relic protection department.

6.1.4 Other Subcomponents

6.1.4.1 PREVENTION MEASURES FOR DUST POLLUTION ——Contractor would better do the work of foundation excavation in winter without strong wind and heavy rain, Construct fence in construction area and deviding borad for pipeline network construction Construct fence in construction area and deviding borad for pipeline network construction with the hight no shorter than 2.5 meter. Identify a point for temporary storing of mixing ash and soiland construction material. It should be away from some sensitive points for air flow with covering For temporary and sporadic concrete mixing site, keep away from the residents as far as possible while chosing the Sites Use Tarpaulin to cover the waste soil from moving around in windy weather. Establish sanitation safeguard system, sweepping ground and surface of the road frequently is necessary. Sprinkle the construction section of roads, Ash-soil mixing site and main transportation roads 4 to 5 times a day, especial in the dry season. And Sprinkle the sensitive region frequently ——Collect building packaging waste materials and Clear them regularly. ——The tyansport vehicle which transport lime, standstone, concrete should be covered by tarpaulin or enclosed, and should not overload. ——Choose of the experienced construction, suggestion of adoptting commercial concrete and concrete performs during the construction; reduce using of the dry concrete to minimize —Enhance management, construct properately, load and dischange building material gently, Proper maintain of the machine, use eligible material so as to reduce smoke discharged by construction machines. —— No incenoration at construction site and residential area is allowed ——Restore vegetation after the use of temporary land and prevent soil erosion. ——Keep safty of constructor by requiring them wearing dust masks, etc.

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6.1.4.2 PREVENTION MEASURES FOR WATER POLLUTION ——The contractors should build a sedimentation tank in the construction phase. The rain-sewage, the water of site after sediment process can be used for rinsing and sprinkling when the water meet with the standard. ——Dry toilets are used and dredged by environmental sanitary departments entrusted. ——The constructive workers should make full use of existing facilities nearby. ——The contractors should strengthen management of construction site, keep site in formation, and the formation of earthwork in order to prevent the earthwork from entering the near rivers. ——The contractors should not pile up the construction materials in the open air, for instance the fuel and chemicals but cover provisional blocked canvas on the materials in order to prevent them from entering the water body in the condition of strong winds and heavy rain. ——The contractors also need to enhance management of the environment and prevent water pollution by leakage of fuel oil or waste dumped into the water. Our recommended method is to use buckets to collect the oil spills from construction machinery.

6.1.4.3 NOISE POLLUTION PREVENTION MEASURES ——Approperate construction schedule: develop a practical plan of construction, trying to avoid using high noise machines at same time. Beside that, construction time of equipment with high noisy, high punching power and intensity vibratory should be arranged to operate at day time, prohibit construction at night between 22:00 and 6:00. ——reasonably construction site layout: approperate construction plans and approaches, desperately set up machinical facilities properly and avoid a lot of facilities operation at same place which will lead to high noise level. ——put down noise level of machines ★ Try best to adopt low noise machines, for example, use hydraulic pressure instead of fuel engine and fit muffler on whip engine. ★ Fix up machines for excavation and transportation as bulldozer, they could put down noise by vent-pipe muffle and desperation librated components of engine. ★ Repair and maintain equipment of drive engine in fix time. ★ Equipment which has left unused should shut down, vehicles should put down speed and ring flute when they go to construction site. ——Establish temporary sound barrier

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★setup crawl in the construction site for noise sensitive dot, which must be higher than 2.5m and release noise impacts on external environment. Machines and equipments is fixed to certain location, should try our best to operate in the shed. If it couldn’t, we should build single sound barrier and lighten passive impact on environment around. ——reduce artificial noise ★operate machines and equipments by regulation and operate with schedule to reduce collision noise during teardown baffle and bracket. ★use less whistle, bell and flute, while modern equipment.

6.1.4.4 PREVENTION MEASURES FOR SOLID WASTE POLLUTION ——surface soil is collected for reafforestation, discard soil is used for backfilling to the some city area or carrying to the storage site which was appointed by city management authority. ——construction waste should be properly collected, resue the reusable part. If not, we should use it for backfilling the new city zone or carrying to the stroage which was appointed by city management. ——dejection should be cleared and pulled out regularly, and carried out for land fertilizer.

6.1.4.5 WATER AND SOIL RESERVATION MEASURES ——earthwork digging should avoid rain season. Slope bank due to digging and backfilling should be treated before rain season. ——Different schedule for different region so as to shorten individual construction duration. The open construction site should be protected so as to prevent water and soil loss. ——The ditches along the storage of abandoned soil are needed to prevent water and soil loss.Slope bank must be small and compressed solid, with sloping grade less than 25 degree. It makes less land and water and soil lose. Lands temporarily occupied should be earthened up after construction is finished. ——Strengthen construction management and education about water and soil reservation among workers. We should reduce water and soils lose by not constructing during rainstorm. ——Construction units holds the duty of resuming the land field polluted and irrigation channel blocked reason for water and soil lose according principal the polluters pay ————Pipeline construction should inform residents living nearby and put bulletin in advance. Transit change for pipeline construction should be approved by relavant authority in advance before public annoucement.

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6.1.4.6 MEASURES OF RELEASE TRAFFIC ——contractors is required rigorously execute safety regulation of building site and surrounding, reinforce transportation mediation and management, set up convenient road and caution symbol, reduce use of construction vehicle passes at the time of heavy traffic. ——finish earth digging as quick as possible. Soil from digging should be carried out and backfill immediately. It could reduce opportunity of occupying roads and ensure transportation freely. ——reinforce education on motormen’s, forbid overtaking and clean up remains immediately. ——develop detail traffic regulation in and out of construction site, and inform residents who is impacted. ——contractors and relative organization should announce residents that message of water, electric and gas cutting off. The notice should be available before the action. ——Optimize management, shorten the inconvenience to the public.

6.1.4.7 MEASURES FOR PUBLIC HEALTH SAFEGUARD ——contractors should prepare safety and healthy option which is accepted by PUM in order to guarantee construction safety. In this option, contractors should definitely support an emergency response at construction site, including necessary equipments used as inspecting stuffs and forbid heavily sick stuffs into construction site. Eatery workers should be checked regularly. Any sickness should be away from cateen in order to avoid infectivity. Contractors should work under a safer condition. ——Pre-traning of constructor is needed, as the domestic wastewater, solid waste, noise as well as water and soil loss are key to effective management. The iron frame should stay stable. All constructos should commit the regulations of fire preventing and construction safety, they should wear helmet during construction. ——during construction, contractors should avoid time full schedule during high traffic time and disadvantage weather, setup isolation and protection equipments, lay out caution sign post in dangerous place, send special stuff look for avoiding public loss. ——build up environmental supervising and monitoring organization. ——develop detail criterion about environment and society for contractors in bidding document, include environmental obligation into compact.

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6.1.4.8 MEASURES OF PROTECTING CULTURAL RESOURCE Reinforce education and training of workers on cultural relic protection. Construction must cease immediately once cultural relic or tumulus are found. Contractors or workers must inform local government or relative management of culture protection due to avoiding damage for human.

6.2 MITIGATION DURING OPERATING STAGE

6.2.1 Water supply and STP sub-component

6.2.1.1 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES ——Improve the environment around the factoory. Set up isolate zone for sanitary protection. ——reinforce management, sludge should be piled in certain sites and require immediate treatment. ——reinforce regular environmental monitoring, mandate department of environmental monitoring to monitor odor around STP. ——residents should have access to environmental bureau if odor effects environment heavily. ——Optimize the factory layout. Set facilities that produce odor like grill, aeration tank at the downstream of factory. Guarantee the sanitary distance to sensitive goals. ——Adopt the sealed approach for water enter screen, mud storing, sludge thickening dehydration facility, others suchas the sludge depositing and biological reactor should be built crawl. ——use the airtight canned vehicle during sludge transportation process. Transportation line should far away dense population regions, business district and tourist area, reduce the influence of odor gas to the crowd. ——Reinforce industrial management, control odor gas produces in different technical processes from the very beginning. ——Make good use of land. Reinforce control of land use limitation in the range of 100 to 150m around STP in terms of sanitary protection distance. Clarification of building regulations on new constructed residential areas, schools and clinic in the region, but could use for industry and storage factory.

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6.2.1.2 PREVENTION AND TREATMENT MEASURES FOR WATER POLLUTION ——Industrial sewage must be pre-treated before input into STP. The expected output is class three grade, adtionally meet the standard of 《Discharge Standard for Municipal Wastewater》（CJ18-86）and 《Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard》(GB8978-1996). The heavy harzardous pollutant （Category One） should be treated within the workshop. ——The management and maintanince of facilities are important to guarantee operation in function during designing, construction and operation. Sludge water from disposition and recoil washing water from strain pool should out put into sludge pool for depositing and concentrating. Sludge will carried out when it was concentrated in the spin-drier house, while fluid with source water will re-flow into deposition pool. ——set up spare equipments, develop emergency accident response system so as to prevent from heavy demage ★Reinforce construction and operation management of project to ensure sewage treatment efficiency, and guarantee longer ,stabler and functional operation. ★Set up sufficient regulations for environment management, carry out business training plan for employees. ★maintain and protect equipments regularly in order to reduce the chances of machine broken-down. ★Standarize management on effluent. Relevant signpost and on-line monitoring system should be set up. The design of the effluent open should be obvious for monitoring.

6.2.1.3 PREVENTION AND TREATMENT MEASURES FOR SOLID WASTE ——The solid wastes of STP, especially the sludge should not be discarded optionally, but to be transported to the SWTP for sanitation landfill. ——Discharg of the sludge from STP into common SWTPs is prohibitted as this SWTP is not specially designd for the sludge, but only for the treatment of the surface water, coastal lines, low lands, cavities, farmlands and etc. ——The temporal sludge landfills didn’t build up in the STP must taken some measures to advoiding erosion and secondary pollution, such as geotextiles in anti-seepage, advoiding rainfalls leaching scouring, odor gas accumulated in piling shelter and emit together. ——The top of the sludge piling shelter in the STP should be covered with rain - proof shelters, the ground should be hardened completely and cofferdams, drainage ditches, collective wells should be set up near the shelter. Water discharged from the sluge pile will be taken back treated together in sewage treatment system. ——Use enclosing tank truck for external transport of sludge.

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——Use the advanced sludge concentration and dehydrating equipments to diliminish the moisture rate to under 75%~80%. It would decrease the production of biochemical sludge and the resource can be easy for recycling. ——EIA requires the contractors to cooperate with agricultural and gardening greening departments actively, to develop a research on “utilization of the sludge as agricultural and greening fertilizer” so as to realize the recycle of solid wastes.

6.2.1.4 PREVENTION MEASURES OF NOISY POLLUTION ——Use low noise standard equipments and damping cusions or flexible joints to lower down the noise, such as installing mufflers, noise isolation hoods and absorbers between the fans and basis, in the workshops with higher noise, such as sewage pumps, sludge pumps, fans, dewatering rooms and etc. try to adopt sewage diving pumps, install isolation hoods in indoor pumps and absorbers between the pumps and basis. ——Pay attention to take good care of the machines to keep the lowest noise level; the staffs operate the machines in turn to decrease the hours exploding in the high noise; provide the staffs working near the noise sources for a long time with sound insulation of earplugs helms to protect the staffs. ——The equipments producing noises in STP shoule be install indoors and the sound-absorbing materials should be installed inner of the buildings. ——Plant 8~10m greening shelter-belt and mixed shelter-blet including tall arbors and shrubs on the boundary of STP to enlarge the greening area of the plant, whose vegetation would absorb the sound and reduce the noise.

6.2.1.5 PROTECTION MEASURES FOR ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ——The layout of arbors, shrubs and verts should be put up in certain proportion and remain in certain hierarchical structure. ——Try to use local species as the first choice, less use of exotic spieces. ——Strengthen management. Professional staffs should be arranged to take charge of plantation and management of the compus, devlop relevant regulations to protect greenbelts and ecological environment.

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6.2.2 Municipal waste solid treatment sub-component

6.2.2.1 PREVENTION MEASURES OF ODOR POLLUTION ——Implement strictly according to the landfill sanitation standard.Fill the waste unit by unit and earth up daily to decrease the disorganized discharge of odor gas and pollution to the atmosphere. ——Strengthen monitoring, observating and maintaining of the gas pipeline, deliver trainings to raise awareness of environment protection among staffs, management of any people enter the factory. ——Expand the area and function of land of green, as the plant can be used to absorb the odor gas and to isolate the suspended dust during landfill and diffusion of float materials. ——In order to ease the impact of the suspended dust on the surroundings, it should be water sprinkled to control the dust in the rainy and gale days. ——Sprinkle pesticide and disinfector to the landfill regularly to avoid the breeding of mosquitoes and flies.

6.2.2.2 PREVENTION MEASURES OF LANDFILL LEACHATE ——Landfill construction will start from north to the south; fill the waste and soil earthed unit by unit. Temporal ditches will act as flood interception, decrease surface water volume intaking into refulating tank, at the same time, decrease the water volume treated on site. ——Strengthen the management and monitor the water level of the regulating tank timly. Pay special attention to keep the effective remaining volume of the regulating tank to make effective storage and regulation fuction and advoid accidential discharging of leachate in the rainy season. ——The leachate which is expected to be transported to STP for treatment should management under the contract base, which is signed between sewage treatment plant and the factory. ——If the construction of SWTP is completed, then the leachate should be transported into the STP. ——The STP which is umder construction and is applying for the World Bank loan, should try to take the leachate treatment technique into consideration by coordinating with constructors and designers. Meanwhile, the treatment technique, scope and impact of leachate treatment should be taken in to consideration so as to guarantee the long term operation in a stable condition.

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——The proposed STP in the YUEP project should have another calculation of the volume for taking leachate. The plan should be sufficient to take the leachate temporarily during the construction phase. ——It is suggested to construct an accidential tank with certain volumn beneath the regulating tank in accordance with the local situation. ——Enhance the regular observation and maintainance of interception ditches to takae immediate response to the leakage and collapse.

6.2.2.3 PREVENTION MEASURES OF NOISES ——The transportation, should not not be operated at night in order to guarantee less disturbance to the public. The vehicles entering the site should be maintained and examed on a regular base so as to minimize the impact to the environment.

6.2.2.4 PREVENTION MEASURES OF UNDERGROUND WATER Adopt preventions and measures of the projects and geodisasters in feasible reports to make the projects of refuse treatment safe and stable. Adopt avoiding leakage schemes in accordance with hydrogeological conditions of the site. Check strictly during constructional phase to guarantee the quality of advoiding leakage project meet designed requirements. Choose professional constructional team with strong skills and advoiding leakage experience to take on the project. Strengthen the constructional monitoring. It is not utill completing, checking and accepting the project that it can carry through the next step. Monitor the water quality of lower stream of the site regularly in order to discover matters and take effective preventions and measures as early as possible.

6.2.2.5 PROTECTIVE MEASURES FOR ECOLOGY To fill and consolidate the waste layer by layer; cover and restore the vegetation in time in accordance with the design, Establish the monitering system for long-term monitering for ceatures, groundwater hydrology at downstream. Staggered evaluation should be conducted, and the evaluation output will be used as the basis for further adjustment of the original target. Reafforestation construction and management should help to strengthen self –maintaining mechanism and anti-disturbance ability of the greenbelt.

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Adopt “Equivalent occupancy and compensation” to develop planting and reclamation in different places and compensate in accordance with relevant national policies strictly. Exploitation of borrow areas should strictly commit with national regulations, which require the virescence after completing digging soil, flatten and consolidate the barren surface land and deserted soil. Transport the excavated soil, avoid soil and water erosion raised by surface runoff in the rainy season and restore the vegetation of borrow areas. Consolidation should be conducte with different types of clay and different thickness. 0.3m clayn is used as the seallling the site, 0.5m barren soil is used in the middle while 0.2m nutrition soil in the upper part and leave 3% slope rate for drainage when seal the landfills. Adopt the “bridge-shrubs-grass collocation planting” model to restore the vegetation after sealing the site. Establish green belt. Reforesting around the landfills and establishing virescence shelterbelt, not only take a part in isolation but also prettified the environment, at the same time, isolate the barriers and the outside world.

6.2.2.6 CLOSURE OF LANDFILL AND MEASURES TAKEN FOR POLLUTION PREVENTION AT LATER STAGE Enhance the monitoring of landfill gas discharged. Maintain the discharging and collection systems timely. Maintain the leachate treatment facilities and strengthen the monitoring of sewage treatment system until landfills are in stable condition. Strengthen reforesting. Make use of every free land around the landfills for reafforestation. The environment is prettified and green barriers is established. Choose the species with stronger resistance, such as ligustrum, paulownia and etc. in order to shape the barrier as soon as possible.

6.2.2.7 OTHER MANAGEMENT MEASURES ——Strengthen the management of waste carriors to decrease debris along the roads. Wash the wheels before the vehicle move out from the site. ——Fill the waste according to the technics and consolidate layer by layer. The waste should be rolled for many time so as to reach certain density and increase the actual landfill volume . ——Strengthen the management of landfills and commit the rules of prohibit following elements from entering landfills: solid waste of toxic industry, toxic medicine, materials with corrosivity or radioactivity, dangerous materials with flammability, living dangerous materious, hospital waste and etc.

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——Organize the recycling process, especially organizing of the waste collectors. ——Keep the site flat and without hydrocele at lower land. Set executive staffs to take care of pesticide sprinkling and disinfector utilization. The staff should coporate with sanitation and hygienic department to work out the quantity and schedule of pesticide sprinkling. ——Establish temporal signs and isolation facilities around landfills. Enclose obvious signs sto the sewage regulating tanks. The farmland must not be irrigated with the water from the tanks. ——Establish the environment-friendly monitoring system, while the environment protection agencies can be authorized to investigate and monitor the environment and sanitation baseline survey. Followed by the establishment of baseline data. Once there is any accident, relevant actions should be taken.

6.2.3 The comprehensive treatment sub-component for the water(lake) environment

6.2.3.1 THE POLLUTION PREVENTIONS MEASURES FOR SURFACE WATER The domestic waste water is prohibited to directly flow into rivers. It should be collected by sewage interception, treated in STP to meet with the standard and then can be discharged.

6.2.3.2 PROTECTION MEASURES FOR ECOLOGY ——Establish a sound monitoring system to monitor creatures and geohydrological conditions for long terms, conduct evaluation with reference to the overall historical material and monitoring data. The evaluation will focus on the structure and function of ecological system, as well as the trend of development. Adjustment will be made base on the outcome of evaluation. ——The project should widely envolve public participation and advocates scientists, managers, local residents and etc. to take part in actively in order to acheve the best adjustment. ——Reafforestion construction and management should help to strengthen self –maintaining mechanism and anti-disturbance ability of the greenbelt. ——Adopt “Equivalent occupancy and compensation” to develop planting and reclamation in strange land and compensate according to relevant national policies.

6.2.3.3 MANAGEMENT MEASURES ——Enhance the research of rebuilding and restoring the aquatic eco-systems in order to set up conditions for the growth of aquatic eco-systems and the exertion of functions.

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——Arrangge professional staffs to take the responsibility of routine management and monitoring for all the treatments, guarantee the functional operation. ——Strengthen the management of hydraulic structures to avoid the big impacts on geohydrology of waterways (lakes)during operation. ——Check the implementation of environmental protection measures regularly.

6.2.4 Other sub-components

6.2.4.1 PREVENTION MEASURES OF WATER ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION Sub-component One: Pollution control on non-point pollution at rural area in Lake Erhai Basin ——Regular observation of the condition of input-output from the sewage treatment system. Cease the input timely once there is some abnornal situation. The operation should not start until maintainance is completed. ——There may be rainwater scouring waste and biofilms in the outlet-water well, therefore, it should be open once half a year and cleaned accordingly. ——The greensward on the surface of the facilities will grow faster after the sewage treatment system operates normally, which could be demolished acoordingly. The regular demolishment benefits the treatment effects of the system. In addition, macrophytes should not be planted in the upper part of the facilities to prevent the disruption of the root system. ——The sewage should be stored temporarily in regulating tanks before entering wetlands to release the fluctuation of the volume. ——Try to decrease the volume entering wetlands in the rainy season to keep certain rate of pollution load and guarantee the water quality of effluent. ——Check the valves, overflow dams of water distribution systems regularly to prevent operational accident. ——Semi-natural wetland treatment systems require cyclical intermission operation, generally, the intermission phase is 3-6 mouths. ——Reap and replant the artificial wetlands regularly. ——Strengthen the management to guarantee the normal operation of the equipments. ——Establish emergency accident response plan to prevent unexpected consequences. The proposed plan is to direct effluent after treatment to lead to the wetland with more plants for further deluting of organic elements. Then the water can be discharged into the water

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resource in the villages nearby. It is recommended to make use of the waste water after sewage treatment plant for irrigation and planting. Clean and transport feces in public toilets and dry latrines timely and dispose properly. Sub-component two: Integrated environmental renovation of Lion Mountain in ancient Lijiang City ——All the flush toilets sewage across the area must be directed into sewers after being treated in septic tanks. ——All the kitchen sewage from restaurants and other authoritis in the area must be directed into sewers after being treated in oil separation tanks. Swils are not allowed to be directly discharged into sewers.

6.2.4.2 THE TREATMENT MEASURES TO AIR POLLUTION Sub-component One:Non-point pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin: ---- Screens and water collecting wells are the main producer of odor emission. They should be placed at the approperite location with safe distance between sensitive targets. The decision should be made in cooperate with wind direction. --- Cover and seal the screens and water collecting wells c ---Sludge transporting uses tank trunks in good seal conditions. The routine should be away from the densely populated area such as residential area, economical zones and tourism to diminish the odor impact. --- establish land use planning. Take the safe sanitary protective distance and village development into consideration, it is suggested to enhance management on the area within 150m of sewage treatment facilities, dry toilets and public toilets.Identigy the limitation to new-built residential areas, schools and clinic institues. ---Enlarge the reforestation area. This project is very important to the environment quality of the treatment facilities, dry toilets and public toilets. It should be finished simontaneously with the construction work. Various flowers and trees, arbors and pine tress should be introduced to minimized the impact of odor. Sub-component Two: Integrated environmental renovation of Lion Mountain in ancient Lijiang City ---Kitchen must be compacted with lampblack device ---Clean energies such as LPG, solar energy and electricity and etc has to be used for the energies in kitchen cooking, showering and heating. Coal is prohibited to low down the local air quality.

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---Enhance the vehicle emission treatment and the standard emission is required when entering.

6.2.4.3 NOISE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT MEASURES Project one: Rural runoff pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin: ----The noise absorbing materials are used for warping up the pipeline across the village to avoid noise disturbance upon the local residence. ---Settling the maximum distance between the noise sources and village houses gives the residences a good environment. ---- Mixing protective forests by large arbors and bushes can be constructed to enlarge the viresence, which can make the acoustic environment satisfy the standard. Project two: Integrated environmental renovation of Lion Mountain in ancient Lijiang City ---enhance transporting management and setup no honking signals to handling the vehicles. ---More viresence, suggest that viresence with large arbors and tense bushes be constructed between the project and the adjacent roads to shield the outer residential area noises and guarantee the good acoustic environment. ---Restrict the operational time of commercial and recreactional businesses so as to minimize impact on the residents.

6.2.4.4 PREVENTION MEASURES ON SOLID WASTE POLLUTION Project 1: Rurual runoff pollution control in Lake Erhai Basin Add rain shed on the top of sludge piling shed, harden the floor of the piling shed, construct cofferdam, drain and collecting well nearby the piling shed, transport the water from sludge piling back to the sewage treatment system Adapt closed tank cars during the sludge transportation Move the sludge and other solid waste to the nearby SWTP to treat perfectly, which can reduce the impact of second pollution on environment. The dejecta from public toilet and dry latrines and the life waste from supervisor should be transported by environment sanitation department to the nearby SWTP. Strengthen management for Plants that grow on the surface of the sewage treatment equipment, and which should be harvested frequently

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6.2.4.5 PROTECTION MEASURES ON ECO-ENVIRONMENT Sub-compnent 2: Integrated environmental renovation of Lion Mountain in ancient Lijiang City Combine the grass, arbor and shrub together for reforesting. Try to make the reforesting diverse and harmonious in good coordination with the building and reafforestation in the project region. Roads and square should be constructed as the dank ground, except buildings and main transportation roads in the project region.

6.2.4.6 OTHER MANAGEMENT MEASURES “Coal free” . Both at the construction phase and operational phase ,it is not allowed to use coal. Clean energy is the only adoptable energy. “Phosphor free and plastic free”. Managing department should publicize to relative units and individual that prohibiting using of washing power and detergent containing phosphorus and prohibiting using of plastic and one use non-degradable dishware. Management on shops: Vehicle maintenance and other business with heavy pollution are prohibited within the project region. Food & drink, entertainment industries should apply for the licence from environment protection agency.

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7 ENVIRONMENT RISK ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

The identification of major potential project environmental risks in different kind YUEP is listed below : (1)Water Supply Components ——The water quality deterioration and water quantity reduction in water resource might lead to insufficient operation of water supply treatment plant; ——Chlorine leakage at disinfection process; (2)WWTP and associated Sewer Networks Components ——The accidents, such as power cut-off and suddenly natural disaster, might cause WWTP stop operation and collected wastewater might directly discharge into their receiving water bodies without any treatment; ——As the sudden change of influent in term of both quality and quantity, wastewater treatment efficiency will decline immediately, which might lead to the deterioration of effluent quality and exceed the national discharging standard and additionally bring about adverse effect on water environment and ecological system; ——The destruction and breakage of sewer pipelines installed under river bed might lead to environmental risk; the infiltration of river water into the sewer pipelines and dilution of the wastewater cause the effluent water discharged from WWTP not up to discharging standard, which is also an environmental risk. (3)Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Components ——Environmental risk on polluting surface water and ground water caused by leachate leakage or overflowing; ——Environmental risk caused by landfill gas explosion.

7.1 WATER SUPPLY SUB-COMPONENTS

7.1.1 Environmental Risk from Water Quality Deterioration and Quantity Scarcity in Water Resource and the Mitigation Measures

7.1.1.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RISK At present, the issues of the Jiucheng Longtan (spring water) water resource for water supply component at Qiubei County are as follow:

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(1) Water source site are surrounded by farmland, and there are no any protection or insulation zone and the limited consciousness of local residents for protecting the water resource. (2) According to the 2006 Qiubei County environmental quality monitoring report, the total nitrogen and coliform concentrations at Jiucheng Longtan reservoir exceeded the national standard for drinking water sources and the water quality is poor. (3) Regulation capacity of the Jiucheng Longtan reservoir is limited with functions of both irrigation and water supply. The conflict of water supply for both people’s drinking and livestock drinking existed. (4) No spare water resource These problems mentioned might cause the water quality deteriorate and water quantity shortage in Jiucheng Longtan reservoir, which might lead to the incapable operation of water supply plant or reducing the water purification efficiency, and eventually affecting the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance protection of water resource in Jiucheng Longtan reservoir.

7.1.1.2 MITIGATION MEASURES (1)Developing a Water Resource Development and Utilization Plan in Cooperation with Economics and Planning Department Water supply management departments and the project owner should positively assist economic planning department to prepare water resource development and utilization planning of the whole county, in which the preventive protection of water resource site in the whole county should be emphasized; (2)Enhancing Water Resource Management Water supply management departments and the project owner should establish scientific, reasonable and feasible water management regulation and effectively take the said regulation into effect. The regulation will be implemented by relevant departments after its approval. Specific organization will be established in relevant management departments for water monitoring and prediction. Water supply management department should consign environmental monitor department to carry out regular water monitoring. The monitoring result should be timely informed to water resource management department; (3)Carrying out Soil Conservation in the River Basin Soil erosion will not only cause direct loss in the agriculture but also speed up the river sedimentation and reduce ground runoff, which lead to flood increasing and general water flow reduction and making adverse effect on annual utilization of water. Therefore, water supply management department should assist relevant agencies to establish soil conservation

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planning and take into effect; most of the expenditure should come from the charge of water utilization. And the soil conservation planning need at least includes: forest plantation and management in the river basin and prevention of illegal forest logging; preventive measures of non-point pollution in the river basin; the soil conservation management organization and staff etc; (4)Setting Necessary Insulation Zone The proposed insulation measures made by the project component feasibility study should be effectively implemented; In the designated insulation zone, boat docking, swimming and any potential water pollution activities in the insulation zone should be forbidden, and setting clear sign of insulation zone and notification board of forbiddance; In the mean time, a drinking water source zone protection planning should be promptly prepared in which, the scope of the protection zone should be clearly defined; No any industrial or municipal wastewaters, solid waste could be allowed to be discharged or dumped within the defined protection zone, and no any hazardous chemicals storehouse could be located inside the defined protection zone., No industrial or municipal wastewater is allowed for irrigation, and no any persistent, toxic, virulent pesticides are permitted for use, no any livestock grazing activity that might polluting the water quality could be allowed inside the defined protection zone.; (5)Guaranty of Water Quantity The arrangement of water utilization should conform to the principle “municipal water utilization first, assisting with other water utilization demand” and give priority to guarantee municipal water supply utilization; when the water supply conflict stands out, under the pre-condition of guaranteeing municipal water supply utilization, irrigation water should be guaranteed by cutting down other water utilization; the Qiangshuijiang River water should be one of the standby water resource for irrigation utilization, the County’s water supply management department should allocated a part of revenue from the water tariff to assist relevant agencies to improve 6300 Chinese Mu of farmland farming irrigation facilities originally irrigated by water from Jiucheng Longtan, to ensure water demand for irrigation .

7.1.2 Chlorine Leakage Risk and Mitigation Measures

7.1.2.1 CHLORINE LEAKAGE RISK The water supply sub-component in Qiubei County needs to buy liquid chlorine. Liquid chlorine, a slight blue oily liquid and strong toxicity, is easy to gasify under normal temperature and pressure condition, the boiling point is -34.5℃（101.3kPa）, the liquid chlorine will transfer to yellow blue chlorine gas as its gasification, and it is a toxic gas with strong irritation. The mixture of chlorine and hydrogen could form explosive gases under certain temperature and light condition, and the explosion range is 5 to 87.5%.

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The most hazardous resource identification, leakage strength analysis and prediction should conform to the requirement of “Constructed Component Environmental Risk Assessment Technical Guideline” HJ/T169-2004. (1)Identification of The Important Hazardous Resources According to table 2 of appendix A in the “Technical Guideline for Environmental Risk Assessment for Construction Project” HJ/T169-2004, the maximum storage of chlorine is 10t at production site and 25t at storage site. The maximum storage of liquid chlorine used in Qiubei County water supply sub-component is 2t, which is lower than the maximum storage, so there is no most hazardous resource. (2)Intensity of Leakage Resource Based on the risk accident types and compared with the investigation situation of domestically similar facility accidents, the intensity of accident resource is confirmed as liquid chlorine steel bottle leakage accident. The chlorine leakage accident is caused by valve destruction or other reasons. Taking 20mins for dealing with the accident into consideration, the chlorine leakage speed is calculated by gas flow formula. The calculation result is that chlorine leakage rate is 0.147kg/s and the duration time is 20min. (3)Prediction Model According to “Technical Guideline for Environmental Risk Assessment for Construction Project” HJ/T169-2004, when the chlorine leakage happens, the diffusion of toxic and hazardous gaseous chlorine is predicted by adopting following puff diffusion formula:

2 2Q ⎡ ()x − x 2 ⎤ ⎡ ()y − y ⎤ ⎡ z 2 ⎤ o exp − o exp − o C()x, y,o = 3 / 2 exp⎢− 2 ⎥ ⎢ 2 ⎥ ⎢ 2 ⎥ 2π σ σ σ 2σ ⎢ 2σ y ⎥ 2σ z () x y z ⎣⎢ x ⎦⎥ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ in which：C ()x.y.o --Pollutant concentration in air at the downwind directions at X & Y coordinate mg.m-3）；

x , y , z o o o -Mist Middle coordinate;

Q—Mist emission volume in the accident period; σX、、σy、σz are diffusion parameter in X、Y、Z direction（m） respectively, generally σX =σy (4)Prediction Result Analysis Based on the chlorine leakage volume in the accident, combining with the weather condition of Qiubei County, and according to the prediction model above, when chlorine leakage accident happens people within 200m in the plant area will be damaged by the effect in

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20mins. After 1.5 -2.0 hours of the accident, the affecting distance might reach to the maximum range, resulting chlorine concentration at 3.0 km of downwind location exceed one-off maximum limitation. ambient air environment around 3.0 km of the downwind direction might be impacted by the chlorine leakage accident. Therefore, the environmental risk accident in the chlorine dosage room might cause poisoning impact on the people nearby water purification plant and affect the ambient air quality. Therefore, the management of water purification plant need be greatly emphasized in order to avoid the happening of this kind of accident and eliminate the chance of this environmental risk happening.

7.1.2.2 MITIGATION MEASURES Liquid chlorine leakage at chlorine dosage system might cause serious environmental effect. Even very limited dosage of liquid chlorine leakage could lead to very serious effect than that of gaseous chlorine leakage. The following controlling measures should be taken in the designing and operating process: 1）Preventing strong light from shining in the liquid chlorine storage, the shutter can be used; 2）Establishing observing hole at liquid chlorine storage; 3）Installing chlorine leakage alarm and liquid chlorine absorption facility or other safe measures at liquid chlorine storage to ensure the protection facility’s automatically switch on as soon as the chlorine concentration exceeding the standard; 4）Installing compulsory ventilation system at chlorine dosage room; 5）Improving the safe protection facility for chlorine dosage machine to avoid water from injector flowing reversely into evaporator and its pipes; 6）Supplying chlorine with several chlorine bottles and keeping the same temperatures at each chlorine bottle in order to avoid the high temperature gas entering the low temperature one and causing risk; 7）Strictly avoiding pipe system leakage especially for valves and connection parts and periodically checking pressured vessels and components. Checking the closure of soft pipes and connections before liquid chlorine is installed into tanks. 8）Setting up defense weir on the liquid chlorine tanks and accident treatment facilities for liquid chlorine tank; 9）Installing thunder prevention and fire control systems; 10）Setting up accident first-aid system in water purification plant, including monitoring alarming telecommunication, commanding, rush repairing, rescuing etc; 11）Packages on steel bottle with liquid chlorine must have clear signs of “liquid chlorine” and “toxic”. The storage of steel bottles with liquid chlorine must be complied with “Gaseous Bottle Safety Supervising Regulation” ;

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12）“Flammable and Explosive Chemical Navicert” has to be transacted during the liquid chlorine transportation and the transporting vehicles must be signed with “danger”. The transportation and loading and offloading of liquid chlorine must be implemented under “Gaseous Bottle Safety Supervising Regulation”.

7.2 WWTP AND ASSOCIATED SEWER NETWORKS COMPONENTS

7.2.1 Potentially Environmental Risk Accidents in WWTP

7.2.1.1 PAROXYSMAL ACCIDENTS The poor quality machines & equipment of wastewater treatment plant and improper maintenance might potentially cause the breakdown of machines and equipment leading to reduced treatment efficiency and even to discharging into river without treatment. Other external reasons, such as power cut-off or outbreak of natural disaster, might cause non-operation of wastewater treatment facilities and that numerous of wastewaters from WWTP directly discharges into river without any treatment. All the accidents above might be the worse situation of WWTPs on abnormal discharging wastewater. When the wastewater treatment facilities can not operate because of power cut-off the wastewater will directly discharge into surface water through sewer networks. At the worse case, the wastewater directly discharging into water bodies without treatment, a prodiction of COD impact on the river water quality is made by apply S-P fully-mixed model (results of modeling is shown in Table 7.2-1).

Table7.2-1 Prediction Result Stat. (Unit：mg/l) Component Component Name Receiving Water Predicted river Pollutant Predicted Value of the Location Body Section value Standard Dali WWTP and associated Luoshijiang River Lianhecun COD 36.83 15 sewer networks at Shapingqiao 29.32 Dengchuan Town of Er’yuan County Lijiang WWTP and interception Xinzhuanghe Xinlongcun COD 18.19 30 pipelines at Huaping River Shilingba 17.77 County Second WWTP and Yanggongjiang Initial Section COD 37.66 30 associated sewer River Prediction 33.70 networks at Lijiang City Section Wenshan WWTP and associated Initial Section COD 20 sewer networks at Qiubei Prediction County Section WWTP and interception Initial Section COD 26.03 20 pipelines at Malipo Prediction 16.35 County Section WWTP and associated Initial Section COD 39.4 20 sewer networks at Funing Prediction 39.8 County Section WWTP and interception Initial Section COD 20 pipelines at Guangnan Prediction County Section

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From the above table, when the WWTP has paroxysmal accidents, the discharging of untreated wastewater into the surface water body will cause serious pollution on the river.

7.2.1.2 EQUIPMENT FAULT The faults of wastewater treatment and sludge treatment might cause the reduction of wastewater treatment capacity, lowering the effluent quality from the designed requirement, and the sludge can not be concentrated and dewatered that leads to sludge ferment, sludge tank overflow and the emission of offensive odor.

7.2.1.3 THE INFLUENCE OF INFLUENT QUALITY The treatment effect of WWTP will be greatly affected by the influent quality and quantity. According to the requirement of national environmental protection regulation, industrial wastewater have to be treated to be in compliance with the discharging standard before discharging into the municipal sewer networks or outsides. When the enterprise’s WTP has emergency accident, such as power cut-off, its industrial wastewater will be discharged into municipal sewer without any treatment and enter into the new-built WWTP. If the influent wastewater load is to high to be acceptable, pH exceeds the range of 6-9 and if those uneasy degradable organic toxic material exceed their respective standard, the biochemical microorganism activation of WWTP will decline, even bio-form will be destroyed, the sludge will expand, which will eventually lead to water quality deterioration and the treated effluent might exceed national discharging standard and having greatly adverse effect on water environment and ecological system.

7.2.1.4 RISK ACCIDENTS DURING NORMAL OPERATION As the risk accident of wastewater treatment system is paroxysmal, it might bring about great damage to the operation and maintenance staff and even, in the worse case, might badly hurt their lives. When the environmental accident happens, the health and safety of the WWTP staff will be firstly affected. Whenever accident occurs from any of the structures in the sewerage system, the measures of accident elimination have to be carried out immediately, so would mean that the operation and maintenance staff may access into sewer pipelines, collection wells or the treatment reaction tanks for checking, repairing. Such places are very easy to generate and accumulate toxic gas, such as H2S, when the ventilation system is insufficient, the operation and maintenance staff might suffer the symptoms such as dizziness or respiration difficulty, and even death if they don’t take effective protection measures. Various pathogens and parasites exist in wastewater or sludge, if the operation staffs directly contact the sewage and sludge they will probably be infected with diseases.

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7.2.1.5 MITIGATION MEASURES (1)Preventive measures of abnormal wastewater discharging z When the wastewater flow is unstable, necessary emergent measures should be fully considered to mitigate negative impact in designing stage. (2)Management Requirement for Pollutants Discharging Enterprises ★Key enterprise that has a discharging volume over 500m3/d must be installed online monitoring equipment, must be aperiodically spot-checked by environmental protection monitoring stations at municipal level, and the enterprise discharging permit system must be implemented to ensure the wastewater discharging compliance with the discharging standard. Wastewater discharged from other enterprises also has to reach to standard; z Wastewater storage tank should be installed for those heavy-pollution enterprises; z Under the condition of abnormal operation of wastewater treatment facility, the breakdown of facilities should be eliminated in time and the situation must be informed to the WWTP. (3)WWTP’s Operation Techniques and Management Measures z Establishing WWTP’s operation management system and operation responsibility system; z Carrying out training for management and operation staffs and establishing technical examination archives for the staffs, all the unqualified staffs are not allowed to do the work.; z Employing experienced technologists to take charge of the technical management work; z Selecting and delegating technical staff to participate in technical training home and abroad; z Enhancing patrol and inspection on sewer pipelines and timely identify the problems and find solutions on the problems; z Improving maintenance and management of facility and equipment and preparing stnadby machines for the key equipments to ensure double loop power supply; z Keeping the doors and windows of sewage pump rooms closed to ensure noise level be within the limits of the boundary of plant. ; z In order to reduce the impact of offensive odor gas from pump station, collection well should be closed and wastewater should be promptly pumped into pipes then be convoyed into WWTP timely. Cleaning up and transport the screenings soon after after dewatering;

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z Implementing Rain and sewage waters separation system in WWTP to avoid overflow of the untreated wastewater at storm time; z Planting trees around the WWTP and selecting plants that have high rate of offensive gas purification; z Paying visits to local residents periodically around the WWTP and listening to their ideas and suggestions. (4)Enhancing Power Supply Station Management to ensure the Normal Operation of Power Supply System

7.2.1.6 EMERGENCY MEASURES OF RISK ACCIDENTS Once the WWTP has accident, the follow measures should be taken; (1)Trying best to ensure the normal operation of screen and grit chamber to achieve the certain reduction of SS and COD; (2)Searching for the reasons from the key pollution resource at sewage catchments system, taking emergency measures and controlling the microorganism toxic material discharging; (3)Once the unavoidable emergencies happen, such as double loop power system cut-off or paroxysmal natural disaster, which will lead to wastewater discharging without any treatment, those enterprises connected within the sewer network should be requested to stop discharging their wastewater into the sewer networks to ensure water body safety; (4)Hanging the alarming signs at the discharging gates during the accident period and reminding relevant departments to take preventive measures.

7.2.1.7 PREVENTIVE MEASURES ON THE IMPACT OF SLUDGE ON ENVIRONMENT The dewatered sludge should be timely transported out in specific enclosed transportation vehicles to avoid offensive odor diffusion and its impact on environment. Once the accidental discharging of the sludge happens, necessary equipment repairing and maintenance should be carried out in time and be better finished within minimum repairing time. At the same time, medicament such as lime should be added timely to prevent sludge ferment and reduce offensive odor gas emission.

7.2.1.8 PREVENTIVE MEASURES OF THE IMPACT OF FLOODING ON WWTP CAUSE BY FLOOD (1)Taking flood effect into fully consideration in the design. According to relevant national regulations, flood effect both in designing year and examining year should be taken considered.

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(2)Constructing storm defense around WWTP.

7.2.2 Environmental Risk of Sewer Pipelines and the Mitigation Measures

7.2.2.1 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENT RISK (1)WWTP and Interception pipes Component at Malipo County The interception pipelines are to be installed along and on the western side of the riverbed of the Chouyanghe River. If there are any breaks of this interception pipeline, there might be a risk of river water infiltrating to dilute collected wastewater into the WWTP, resulting in difficulties in maintenance of the pipelines, and the decline of wastewater treatment efficiency, even damage the bio-treatment efficiency of the process, and finally affect the rive water quality. (2)WWTP and associated Sewer networks Component at Funing County A new interception pipeline is being (non-Bank financing sub-project) under construction along and underneath of the riverbed of Dangahe River, Hongmenhe River and Putinghe River, which will be connected with the interception pipelines in this proposed project component which will be installed along the roads on both sides of Putinghe River, namely, Putinghe River north road and south road. If the on-going constructed interception pipelines under riverbed are to be connected into the the sewer networks of this project component, potential infiltration might impact on the normal operation of WWTP.

7.2.2.2 MITIGATION MEASURES (1) In the design stage, the feasibility study of these two project component has made a number of alternatives analysis to try avoid the installation of interception pipelines underneath the river bed to minimize infiltration of ground water. As the result, the interception pipeline for Malipo County Town, due to the geographic condition constrains (the county town is constructed along the narrow river sides) and no alternative alignment horizontally, is designed to be laid above the riverbed, in stead of underneath the riverbed of Chouyanghe river, which is a small stream with very limit water flow particularly during the dry season. (2) Also in the design stage for Funning WWTP and its sewer network component, the interception pipelines to be constructed under this project component are designed to be laid along the river sides’ road, instead of underneath the riverbed. It would be extremely difficult to bypass or disconnect the on-going construction interception pipeline for Funing County Town due to investment economic reason. (3) Another mitigation measure for minimization the infiltration for both the two project component are considered as follows:

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Pipeline materials that are flexible, antiseptic, are selected, high quality rubber rings are selected for the joint between pipeline and manholes. (4) Enhancing the patrol, inspection and maintenance of interception pipelines and timely solving the found problems;

7.2.3 Municipal Solid Waste Management Components

7.2.3.1 LEACHATE RISK ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION MEASURES (1)The Analysis of Possible non-Functioning of Leachate Collection System Leachate collection system is an effective means of minimizing leachate volume and the means of reducing pressure on the landfill lining. The leachate collection system is shaped by a number of horizontal blind trenches filled with gravels and scree materials and vertical cylinders filled with stones for direction leachate flow and landfill gases emission. The horizontal trenches are very unlikely to be jammed and corrupted while the vertical cylinders would be likely. Consideration should be given to the possible corrosion of the material used collection system by the leachate. Frequent maintenance of the leachate collection system, including the valves, pumps will reduce the accident occurrence. Once the leachate collection system is out of order, prompt checking for the potential damaged parts are necessary to eliminate the accident. If additional vertical cylinders are to be extended upword during operation stage. its impact on impermeable or linning layer needs to be considered and the necessary mitigation measures have to taken for this linning layer. If is recommended to install a number of pumps at the vertical cylinder position to lift or pour back the leachate as an emergency response to the horizontal trenches jam. (2)The Possibility of Linear Layer Break and Mitigation Treatment The break of lining layer is mainly caused by the improper site selection or uneven land settlement due to poor technical construction that fails to meet the technical specification. For the recommended landfill sites after alternative sites selection and justification, high priority should be given to the enhanced of technical supervision and management for linear layer during construction to ensure the technical qualification of the construction. The leachate volume should be monitored during the landfill operation period, once there are any indication of unreasonable leachate reduction from the monitoring results, firstly considered has to be given the breaks of linear layer. The quick defining of breaks location will be helpful to take remedy measures as much as possible. Frequent monitoring on the water quality of groundwater monitoring well located at the down-flow direction, and soil monitoring should be carried out. The local residents should also be informed of the water quality impact prediction and soil alteration range and extent of the pollution. In particularly, if the drinking water is serious polluted, the landfill operators must report the situation to

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relevant department, and take actions to forbid local people from drinking and using the polluted underground water and pay the penalty and compensation for the discharging. (3)Accident Treatment Measures At the design stage, the storage capacity of leachate storing tank to be installed at each of the landfill site have already done careful calculations on of the annual balance between leachate volumn to be generated and the trans-evaporation on monthly base, particularly during the raining season. A risk coefficient (normally 1.1) have been given in the design. Therefore, the common storm and flood will not lead to overflow of the leachate storing tank and its direct discharging. Only when storm events higher than once in 20 years may cause the overflow of leachate from the storing tank and accidentally direct discharge into environment. As the leachate is a highly concentrated un-decomposed organic wastewater and has the feature of complex composition, strong toxicity and probably with heavy metal, it is very dangerous for people, livestock and vegetation to directly contact. It is suggested by EA to construct a accidental leachate storing tank or a leachate interception dam at the lower part of leachate storing tank, which will effectively prevent the leachate from overflowing and protect the safety of both groundwater and surface water. Simultaneously, many systems for landfill need be established by relevant management departments, including the monitoring and alarming on the storm water interception ditch. As an emergency-responsive treatment of leachate, closed tank truck can be used to take the leachate from leachate storing tank to the near WWTP for treatment during unusual wet season. Additionally, the following measures should also be taken: ① Ensuring the separation of storm water from leachate; ② Improving stormwater discharge capacity, annually repairing the stormwater interception ditches before raining season start to ensure the ditches in smooth condition; ③Establishing leachate collecting and monitoring system; whenever the storm is forecasted, the leachate accumulated in the collection system should be pumped out and the landfill operation area should be covered with membrane; ④Implementing landscape as soon as possible and fully tale the advantage of plant interception and trans-evaporation ability to minimize runoff from the storm; Accident treatment measures: Timely pumping and back spraying, making use of the absorption, filtration and tran-evaporation function of the plant root to slow down leachate generation rate and reduce leachate volume, in the heavy storm events. .

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7.2.3.2 LANDFILL GAS RISK AND MITIGATION MEASURES (1)Landfill Gas Risk Analysis According to the characteristics of the landfill site and environment, the main landfill gas risk is identified to be suffocation of landfill gases from the vertical cylinder due to the cylinder blocking methane gas might be accumulates and heated inside the cylinder up to the explosive limit, resulting fire and explosion disasters. z Fire & Explosion Risk Analysis The landfill gases contains approximately 50% of methane (CH4), the specific gravity of CH4 is 0.55, the flash point of CH4 is 82℃. And the explosive limit of methane in the air is 5~15%（Volume Rate）or 33~100g/m3, spontaneous combustion temperature is 595℃, explosion grade is ranked as the first grade, the maximum explosion pressure is 7.2kg N/cm2 and the minimum ignition capacity is 0.28mJ. CH4 is a best flammable gas and easy to cause fire and explosion. z Blocking Risk Analysis When landfill gas emission cylinder is blocked, the methane from landfill will not be discharged out fluently, and the underground accumulation of methane will be heated up, as the temperature reaches the explosion limits, explosion occurs. z Fire Resource Risk Analysis The minimum ignite energy of CH4 is 0.28 mJ, so a burning cigarette or an electronic sparking will cause fire and explosion, when CH4 concentration reaches its explosive limits. So fire prevention must be greatly emphasized. (2)Fire Explosion Impact Prediction Based on the explosion risk prediction model: The prediction result is listed in the follow table. Table 7.2-1 Explosion Risk Prediction Result Explosion damage Radius Damage Extent The extent of damage （m） Coefficient J-1/3 Landfill Plant To Equipment To Human 1% people died of lung damage, >50% people of Great damage to buildings and 13.17 0.03 breaking of eardrum and >50% process equipment people seriously injured by the explosive pieces 1% people suffering from of Repairable damage to building and eardrum brpllem and 1% 26.34 0.06 damage to the appearance of house. people seriously injured by the explosive pieces Light damage by the explosive 65.851 0.15 Glass breaking flying pieces 175.6 0.4 10% glass breaking

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From the above table, if the explosion accident happens at landfill site the explosive radius range for damaging people is 13.17m, which will be harmful the operation staff within the range; and the explosive radius range for damaging buildings is 26.34m, which will only damage the building within the landfill site. Simultaneously, rational design of the landfill gas collection and emission system, proper operation and management of the landfill and periodical monitoring the collected gas will likely avoid the happening of explosion accident in common sense. (3)Mitigation Measures z The construction quality of the landfill gases collection and emission system needs to be ensured, the landfill operation should be made carefully at the vertical cylinder locations to avoid displacement. the vertical gases emission cylinder should be extended upward timely with the expansion the landfill sells and the increase of the landfill height.. z The gas emission exit needs be dispersedly distributed. making sure that one gas pipeline installed in one vertical cylinder, and the emission exits are 1m higher than final closed site coverage. z Increasing environmental monitoring and periodically testing the density of methane on the site, and igniting at the exit of gas emission pipe when the density of methane is over 5%. z Keeping flaming methane till the end of generation. z Leaving certain defense distance for forestry fireproofing around landfill site, equipping the landfill site with good condition of fireproofing system, installing thunder-proofing equipments and improving publicity, education and management to eliminate potential fire accident.

7.2.3.3 GEO-DISASTER PREDICTION It is suggested to carry out geo-disaster hazard assessment for landfill site and land filling area before construction. According to the assessment result, the geo-disaster mitigation measures can be designed and carried out. The design, construction and final acceptance of geo-disaster mitigation measures have to be simultaneously carried out with that of the main engineering works of the landfill site. If the associate geo-disaster treatment engineering fails to be accepted or found to be unqualified during accptance, the main landfill facility can’t be put into operation.

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8 ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS

8.1 CONTENTS AND PRINCIPLES FOR ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS

The comparison analysis of the project alternatives are made in the following three aspects; ① alternative of “without” the project; ② alternatives for sites section and ③ Technical alternatives. General principles for alternative analysis includes: (1) Quantititative comparison: quantitative environmental impact analysis for each of the alternative was carried out as much as possible; (2) Integrated comparison: Integrated comparison analysis of multi-factors of environment, technology, economy and society etc was carried out; (3) Adaptability comparison: The selected alternative needs to be in conformity with relevant development planning and be adaptable to to local condition.

8.2 ALTERNATIVES COMPARISON ANALYSIS OF WATER SUPPLY COMPONENT

8.2.1 Analysis on Alternatives of “With” and “Without” the Sub-Component Based on the environment profit and loss and social and economic development, this project EA made an analysis on “with” and “without” water supply sub-component alternativel and detailed listed in Table8.2-1.

Table 8.2-1 Alternatives Analysis of “With” and “Without” Water Supply Sub-Component

Categary With the sub-component Without the sub-component

(1) Consistent to “City Master Plan for for Qiubei County” (updated in 2005), “Detailed Plan for Tourism Reception Construction Peripheral to to of Puzehei ” (2006) and “Pan-Pearl River Delta Cooperation Frame Agreement” (1) Maintainace the current situation (2004) (2) without any change on land (2) Be favoravle to water resource protection for utilization value Advantage Jiuchengongtian reservoir, and solve the limited water (3) Without any environment issue, storage issue such as plantation damage and dusty (3) Inceasing drinking water supply capacity from 6000m3/d during its construction to 15,000m3/d (4) technical upgrading of existing WTW, and improvement of water transmission pipeline and distribution network.

(1) difficulty in protection of the water (1) Land occupation (Paddy field); need land acquisition of source for Jiucheng Longtan Disadvantage 18 MU the temporary land borrowing of 9 MU. (2) The water supply capacity can’t (2) Plantation damage and dusty during construction meet the demand of Qiubei County

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(3) Noise, sludge and sewge generated in equipment (3) Issues of disordered water operation will bring potential adverse impact on distribution network, pipeline aging and environment. high leakage loss, waste use of water resources can’t be foundamentally (4) Have environment pollution risk from chlorine disinfection. solved.

Integrated From social and environmental viewpoint, the “with” the sub-component will be better than “without” the Analysis sub-component From table 8.2-1, the “without” sub-component alternative can’t protect the water resource, and the limited water supply capacity can’t meet the demand of sustainable social and economic development and the continuously increasing demand of local people. As for “with” the sub-component alternative, although there are some environmental issues, most of these environment impact issues could be mitigatedwith the reasonable environmental protection measure, except for the 10 MU of permanent land acquisition. And the environmental impact during construction is temporary, but the social and environmental benefits brought about “with” the sub-component alternative is long-termed. Therefore, in term of social and economic development and environmental protection, “with” the sub-component is better than “without” the sub-component, and the sub-component construction is necessary.

8.2.2 Analysis on Sources of Water Supply Alternatives After the site survey priliminary study by design institute, there are 4 alternative sources Qiubei County for water supply to the County Town, including Puzhehei Lake, Hongqi Reservoir, Qingshuihe River and Jiuchenglongtan. And the basic conditions of these sources are listed in table 8.2-2.

Table 8.2-2 Basic Conditons for the 4 Alternative Sources Distance for Water Service Pipelines Alternative Water Quality raw water Other Issue Volume area Investment transmission Meet GB Conflict with About 11 Puzhehei Lake Sufficient 3838-2002，Class About13km County tourism million RMB III development Provide water supply to the rural villages along the Villages Hongqi About 25 transmission Sufficient Meet CJ 3020-93 About 26km Along the Reservoir million RMB pipeline with pipeline potiential risk of drinking water safety Gentle slope Meet GB along the sides of Qingshuihe About 4 Sufficient 3838-2002，Class About 4km County the rivers provide River million RMB III large pieces of ariable land Jiuchenglongtan Meet GB (spring water About No protective Sufficient 3838-2002，Class About 8km County infiltrated by 6,75 RMB measurs III surface water) Remark: Comparatsion between water resources is based on the drinking water standard

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The comparison of water resource site need be integrated considered from water quality, water volume, economy and society. (1) Puzehei Lake: Tourism is one of supporting industry for Qiubei; Puzhehei beauty spot is classified as national 4A level, makes great contribution to Qiubei tourism economy and will still be importantly developed. Generally the demand of tourist area is directly contradicted with the water source protection. Therefore, Puzhehei Lake is not suitable for drinking water source site. (2) Hongqi Resevior: The good water quality and plenty water is the elementary condition for drinking water source site. At present, there is not any drinking water supply system out of Qiubei County, and all the towns and villages are exploiting groundwater. With the economic development, the groundwater has been seriously polluted. Slecting Hongqi Resevior as the water source can supply the qualified water with pipe and partially solve the drinking water problem. However, there are still some disadvantages: ① Long distance water pipeline is needed, and totally about 26km, the investment is about 25 million RMB, which is big burden for Qiubei County; ② Water supply pipe system can provide qualified water for the residents, however, there is not any water supply planning and financial arrangement for these villages, which bring some risks and disadvantages for the project. Therefore, Hongqi Resevior is also not suitable for drinking water source site. (3) Qingshuihe River: this river is the water source for Qiubei No.1 Drinking WaterTreatment Plant (Abandoned), and the distance between the County and the water site is about 4 km. However, because of the water quality issue, the new built Qiubei No.2 Drinking WaterTreatment Plant does not select Qingshuihe River as water resource but select Jiuchenglongtan as the source. The 2003 water quality monitoring data shows the Qingshuihe River is classifed to the Class III, and based on the CJ 3020-93”Water Quality Standard for Drinkging Water Source”, it can meet the Class II standard (Lowest standard for drinking water source). It means Qingshuihe River is still not suitable for drinking water source, at least is not economical. Additionally, the Qiubei County is upstream developed along the Qingshuihe River and the Puzhehei tourism area is also located at the upiver of Qingshuihe River. So at present, Qinghuihe River is also not suitable for drinking water source site. With the implementation of Qingshuihe River integrated treatment project, the water quality will be improved, then Qingshuihe River may be one of the spare water resource. (4) Jiuchenglongtan Resevoir: The resevoir is 8 km away the west of county, and the water is from the leakage of surface water. The resevoir is currently the wate resource of Second water supply plant in Qiubei County. Except providing water supply for the county, the resevoir is also taking on irragation of 6300 Chinese Mu farmlan during April to June every year. As the current water source, Jiuchenglongtan still has bad water quality issue (TP and exceed standard) and lacks of maintenence. Necessary stable and effective treatment

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processes need be used for meeting the drinking water source standard, and the improved management also need to be operated.

Figure 8.2-1 Jiuchenglongtan Water (Dec, 2006)

Through the above comparation, and considered the technical, economic, environmental and social aspact, selecting Jiuchenglongtan as the water source is feasible. But it is necessary to enhance protection of water resource and ensure municipal water.

8.2.3 Pipeline System Pavement Comparison Analysis Pipeline system pavement needs follow the following principles: (1) Extremely using difference of landform elevation, and selecting gravity pipe line; (2) The pipe system routine needs avoid environmentally sensitive spot and minimize resident’s removal and building demolition; (3) Low investment for pipe system construction (4) Taking both short-time and long-time into consideration, and emphasizing future benefit. Table 8.2-3 lists pipe system pavement comparison analysis result.

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Table 8.2-3 Water Supply Pipeline System Pavement Comparison in Qiubei County

PROPASAL PROPASAL COMPARISON PROJECT DESCRIPTION COMPARISON ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE One DN700～800 Only one pipe-line with limited water Low investment, comprehensive supply safety, water supply is less original water usage of the pipes and lowest Propasal 1 sate than proposal 2; long term transmission pipeline waste, make best use of existing construction will cause high from Jiuchenglongtan to water resource Pipeline pump station investment System ～ Pavement One DN700 800 High investment, and the constructed original water Saf water supply and good design, water pipe can’t reach the designed Propasal 2 transmission pipeline construction and convinient capacity in a short time, which could from Jiuchenglongtan to management cause the pipes keeping in leave pump station unsued and sludge in inside Digging will affect the transportation Matured technology, extensive and the project construction will Propasal 1 Pipe trough digging Pavement application and low investment generate surface sinking, shakeing Construction and big noise. Mehod No digging, safe process and less High technical requirement and pipe Propasal 2 Peak pipe impact on surface transportation, material requirement, high low shaking and noise investment Heavy pipe, intensified construction, Steel concreted soil Good mechanics capacity, high Propasal 1 and suitably multi-construction pipe pressure loading method Pipe Material Light pipe and simple pavement, Limited mechanics capacity, and and suitable for digging Propasal 2 Water supply PE pipe huge pressure loading inside of the construction, especially for narrow pipe but limited for outsid road construction

From the table 8.2-3, both of the propasals have their advantages and disadvantages. Through the analogy analysis and technical and economic comparison, and combined with thecomparison of pipe pavement, material and rountine, propasal 1 is more suitable for real demand, and it is the proposed propasal.

8.2.4 Water Treatment Process Comparison in Water Supply Plant The water treatment process in water supply plant is generally mature. Under the condition of ensuring effluent water quality, the following two proposed propasals are compared for water treatment process: Propasal1: Raw water→Contacting Filtration→Disinfection Propasal2: Raw water→Coagulation sedimentation→Filtration→Disinfection Technical and economic comparasion of the two processes are listed in table 8.2-4.

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Table 8.2-4 Techinical and Economical Comparasion for the Two Processes

Propasal Advantage Disadvantage Application Condition Limited impact loading Conpacted arrangement with minimum land capacity, high water No more than 25NTU of occupation and low construction cost Propasal quality requirement, and input turbidy and stable Simplified process and low operation cost 1 filtration will be water quality With the stable raw water quality, good destroyed with the treatment efficiency will be acheived sandy water Different treatment processes for general Much land occupation, Clean water and just Propasal and flooding periods with good impact higer construction cost, accidential sand 2 loading, wide application of different water and relatively sedimentation resource, and high water supply safety complicated process

In the Qiubei water supply project, with the Jiuchenglongtan water monitoring report, the water reaches the second level of CJ3020-93”Drinking Water Source”, which means the water body is in good condition. With the tranditional purification treatment (Coagulatoin, Semimentation, Filtration and Disinfection), the water quality will reach the regulation of “GB5749-2006 Drinking Water Sanitation Standard”. Therefore, Propasal 2 can be selected: Raw water →Coaguation Sedimentation→Filtration→Disinfection. This process is also the proposed proposal in the component.

8.2.5 Water Supply Plant Site Comparison Analysis The site comparison for water supply plant is conforming to the urban planning and other relavant specific planning, and simultaneously considering: (1)Reasonable water supply system arrangement; (2)Avoiding flood threatening; (3)Better wastewater discharging condition; (4)Better geo-condition; (5)Be favorable to long-term land development condition; (6)Better sanitary environment and be suitable to establishment of prevention belt; (7)Minimum demolition and not or less farmland occupation; (8) Convenience of construction, operation and maintainace. As the plant in this project will be combined with Qiubei Second Drinking Water Treatment Plant for water supply, the necessary elevation for water drainage system needs to be limited. The standard height of Second Water Supply Plant is 1513m, if the gap between the height and elevation is too large water supply cannot be fulfilled by gravity.

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Additionally, consideration for the above 8 requirements, the optimized site is at the mountain peak of Qiaotoucun. This site has the elevation of about 1500m, plain and with an area of 18 Chinese Mu. It is located at the center of pipeline system, boarded with Puzhehei tourist area and has good condition for every request. The Feasibility Study Report adopts this proposal.

8.2.6 Water pipelines proposal comparison analysis

8.2.6.1 PROPOSED PROPOSAL BACKGROUND Water pipelines need to meet the demand of Qiubei County and Puzhehei torist area, the near scale is15000m3/d. So two proposals are proposed： Proposal 1：Selecting Jiuchenglongtan as water resource and building a 2.2km pipelines with DN400. Building a now pump room, and building a new water supply plant with scale of 9000m3/d. The plant accupied land of 9.75 Chinese Mu within plant and 4.93 Chinese Mu outside. Building a new pipeline with DN300, and connected to the Third water supply plant. The Second water supply plant and associated pipelines still remain. The layout of pipelines changes from branch to net and ring. Proposal 2：Selecting Jiuchenglongtan as water resource and building a 2.2km pipelines with DN400. Building a now pump room, and building a new water supply plant with scale of 9000m3/d, so the total scale is 15000m3/d. Building a new pipeline with DN300, and connected to the Second water supply plant. The layout of pipelines changes from branch to net and ring.

8.2.6.2 PROPOSAL COMPARION ANALYSIS (1) Analysis and explanation of Proposal 1 The proposal will build a new water supply plant and set up another spot to provide water, which will enhance the water safety. In addition, Qiubei County will gradually develop to the direction of Puzhehei. The second water supply plant will locate at the end of pipelines, but the third wate supply plant is locate at the center of city. Combination of two plants will cover ancient town, economic development district and Puzhehei tourist area, and save about 2.7 km pipelines. As the charge of land aqusiton is much lower, the direct engineering investment is 1.8 million RMB lower than proposal 2. (2) Analysis and explanation of Proposal 2 On the contrary to proposal 1, the scale of Second water supply plant is expanded. As the site is consentrated, it is convinent to maintain, operate and management. But because of this, it may couse bad fluency of pipelines and low efficiency. And the safety is also lower than proposal 1. The operational cost is almost the same, but the direct engineering investment is higher.

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(3) Result of proposal comparison The comparison has been made from conformity with planning, major advantage, major disadvantage and envrionmetal effect. The result is listed in Table 8.2-5.

表 8.2-5 Proposal comparison of pipelines in Qiubei water supply component

comparison Proposal 1 Proposal 2

Comformity to Comform ot master plan in Qiubei County(2005～ Basically comform ot master plan in planning 2025) and tourist specific plan in Puzhehei (2006) Qiubei County(2005～2025) and tourist specific plan in Puzhehei (2006)

Major lower investment, reasonable layout of plant, higher Consentrated management, easy to advantage efficiency, comform to development plan manage, operate and maintain

Major Seperated management, much management, More investment and lower safety and diadvantage operation and maintenence efficiency, some inconvenience to water supply plant’s operation

Environmental Need to acquire new land that is already planned as Expansion on existing Second water effect not-industrious. Although there are some Yunnan supply plant will involve in Pines there, environmental effect is less after taking resettlement, and make more social measures. And there is no sensitive target nearby, so effect. Besides, the noise and risk the noise effect and risk are less. generated in operational period will make effect on local residents.

From Table 8.2-5, proposal 1 is better than proposal 2 in aspects of conformity with planning, major advantage, major disadvantage and envrionmetal effect. So in terms of environmental effect and techniques and economics, proposal 1 is more reasonable.

8.3 ALTERATIVE PROPASAL COMPARISON ANALYSIS OF SEWAGE TREATMENT COMPONENT

8.3.1 No Project Comparison Analysis Based on the environmental profit and loss, social and economic development, this project EIA analysed the non project and listed in Table8.3-1.

Table 8.3-1 No Project Comparison Analysis of Sewage Treatment categary Implementation of the project No Project (1) Consistent to national urban sewage treatment and (1) Maintainace the current situation pollution prevention technical policy and lake water body (2) without any change on land eutrophication prevention policy; utilization value (2) Consistent to the county economic and social (3) Without any environment issue, development, the eleventh-five-year planning program and such as plantation environmental protection planning for Dali, Lijiang AND Advantage Wenshan; (3) Be favorable to Er’hai, Puzhehei Lake protection and improvement; (4)Increasing sewage treatment capacity to 55,000m3/d for Dali, Lijiang and Wenshan; (5) Deeply improvement of urban infrastructure facilites

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(1) Land occupation, 196.66 Chinese Mu of requicition and (1)Seriously surface water pollution 132.49 Chinese Mu of bollowing; caused by wastewater discharging (2) Plantation damage and dusty in construction without treatment; Disadvantage (2) Noice, sludge and sewge from equipment operation will (2) Bad drainage condition causes possibly bring adverse effect on environment. serious sewage permeation and the lagging drainage system can’t be solved. Integrated From social and environmental view, the project implementation will be better than no project Analysis From table 8.3-1, without the project, any environment issue related to the project will not come up, however, the current sewage treatment capacity can’t conform to the social and economical sustainable development and local people’s continuously increasing demand, and the untreated wastewater direct discharging will seriously pollute the surface water body. Although, some environmental effect will be brought about with the project implementation, most of these environment effect issues could be solved with the reasonable environmental protection measure, except for the permanent land usage. And the environment effect from construction stage is temporary, the social and environmental benefits by the project implementation is long-termed. Therefore, in term of social and economic development and environmental protection, the project implementation is better than no project, and the project construction is necessary.

8.3.2 Sewage networks Propasal Comparison Analysis According to the local landform and wastewater discharging property, and based on the local sewage prevention planning, the arrangement of sewer networks will ensure high wastewater collection efficiency in effective and economical way. The following considerations should be taking on sewer networks construction: (1) Extremely using gravity flow; (2) Extremely avoiding environmental protection target (Sensitive spot). If it can’t, necessary measures need be taken; (3) Be favorable to wastewater collection and transferring; (4) Be convenient to construction and maintainace; (5) Pre-spare space for extending construction; (6) Good geo-condtion and consistent to drainage construction regulation; (7) Saving investment and operation cost; (8) Be consistent to local planning. According to the above principles, the selected sewer networks proposals are listed in table 8.3-2.

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Table8.3-2 Domestic wastewater treatment component Propasal

Sub-project SN Description Characteristics Name Planning and improving the current 4 main drainage pipes, and arranging along the both sides of Huancheng Rd, Dongganhe River, Shagrila Rd and Liming Rd. from east to Optimization of Drainage Second WWTP west direction, drainage need be arranged along south of Planning and associated 1 Huancheng Rd, which will transfer most of the sewage of Wide Drainage Coverage sewer networks Lijiang to WWTP for treatment. The both sides of Comprehensively associated for Lijiang Dongganhe River and Yumuhe River drainage arrangement Facity will ensure the sewage not discharge into the river and protection of the water body Fully using the local landform in drainage arrangement, Raining Water Consistent to miximum using gravity flow and reducing drainage burying Discharging ConstructionPrinciple 2 depth. Reasonably arranging drainage system. Certain spare component for Consideration both for short capacity should be left as its design capacity for raining water Lijiang Yulong and long term development discharge. WWTP and According to “Funing Urban Whole Planning Revision for associated sewer Consistent to relevant Planning 2003 to 2020” and the local landform for Funing, the 3 networks for Low Investment and drainage will be designed from west to east along Pujing Funing, environment impact River Wenshan WWTP and The Guangnan drainage systeme component covers associated sewer 14225km2 wastewater collection networks at Liancheng Consistent to relevant Planning 4 networks for County. The general direction of the drainage is for Low Investment and Guangnan, northerneast to southernwest direction, and the drainage is environment impact Wenshan parallel to the road. Relatively less construction WWTP and Under the condition of keep most of existing networks, work, low investment, saving associated sewer drainage system modification for both sides of Taoyang 5 resource, low impact for networks for River and drainage construction at center of Taoyang River transportation and good for Mlipo, Wenshan to ensure the sewage being transferred to WWTP wastewater collection Relatively less construction WWTP and Drainage construction will ensure the improvement of the work, low investment, saving associated sewer 6 local environment and associated sewer networks condition resource, low impact for networks for and the drainage system planning is optimized arranged. transportation and good for Qiubei, Wenshan wastewater collection Sewage from the county will be collected in the new The slope landform condition Drainage System constructed drainage system, and its system arrangement will provides advantage for sewage 7 component for take the lanform slope in consideration. With the drainage collection, raining and sewage Wenshan system the sewage will be transferred and pumped to WWTP separation and treatment. for treatment. Considerating Sewage reuse According to the drainage system arrangement principle and Drainage System and fully applying local the Yanshan landform property, 5 sewage discharging zones component for landform and gravity condition 8 are plotted for the county, and the sewage from each plotted Yanshan to the drainage construction and zone will be collected and transferred to WWTP by drainage Wenshan greatly reduce the operation system. cost

8.3.3 WWTP site selection Comparison Anlysis WWTP site selection will conform to the following principles: (1)Consitent to urban whole planning and drainage professional planning requirement;

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(2)Consitent to environmental protection, such as downflow of urban water body, down wind side of the urban summer wind direction; Be favor to treated water output and safe discharge; (3) Consitent to wastewater treatement process; (4)Close to sewer discharging gates to reduce the length of pipeline and save investment, convenient to wastewater collection; (5) Good project construction geo-condition, leaving expansion potentiality; (6) Not impacted by flooding disaster, the higher flooding prevention standard than the urban one and having good drainage condition; (7) Minimun demolition, land occupation and have certain sanitation distance; (8) Convenient transportation, water and power supply condition. According to above principles, the result of project site selection comparison is listed in table8.3-3.

Table 8.3-3 WWTO site selection proposal Comparasion

Selected Propasal Comparasion Project Description Propasal Adventage Disadventage Located at crosswind of county and lower effect Located at the lowest point of service area, convenient to construction and burying of pipelines, reducing or canselling pump stations, saving Proposal North area of downstream investment Land occupation and removal 1(recomm of Luoshijiang River, in Convinient transportation: 600m away of nearby villeges end) planning area from Luoshijiangqiao of No.214 national WWTP and road associated Sewer Little environmental effect: located in the networks Eryuan farmland, less effect on residents in County construction period Convinient to future expansion Short distance of water withdraw Not convenient to maste plan of the county. Hypsography is higher than that in proposal 1, Located at the south area of No farmland occupation Proposal 2 not convenient to collect Mijuhe River No resident nearby wastewater. More construction of transportation and hydropower 90 Chinese Mu occupied land and Second WWTP Located at south of the city, East of Sheshan area, suitable for longterm construction; and associated Propasal 1 some of elevation is lower the upstream of located at urban downwind direction, and Sewer networks (recomme peak 0.10～0.50m, big Yanggongjiang River, 7 long distance of the WWTP to residents; for Lijiang nd) investment for long drainage km south of old city consistent sanitary prevention distance, pipe good transportation condition

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High landform elevation and conform to Unconsistent to the longtem In the Lijiang First WWTP the flood prevention requirement; less construction, no available Propasal 2 site environment impact, good infrastructure reuquicited land; wastewater condittion and low investment needs be elevated Difficulty in land requicition, 120 Chinese Mu land can meet the Foot of Sheshan mountain, long sewage transfer pipe; longterm construction demand, high the cross area of serious effect for alonged Propasal 3 elevation and conforming to the flood Huancheng Rd and Airport landscape, limited sanitary prevention demand and feasible water Rd prevention distance and big supplying investement for infrasture. The site is located at the downwind of Land occupation, most of county, 2.5 km away Rongjiang hypsography is higher than Propasal 1 Located at South of Township. Meeting the longterm the peak. Site needs to be (recomme Xinzhuanghe River and construction demand, good infrastructure elevated. 63 residents need to WWTP and nd) east of Gaoze Villege condittion and convinent discharging of be resettled 200 m nearby the Interception wastewater west of plant pipelines for Huaping The site is located at the downwind of Located at the upwind of Place between central area county, meeting the longterm Rongjiang Township and Propasal 2 of county and south of construction demand. Good infrastructure nearby Shiliu Villege.No Rongjiang townyship condittion and convinent discharging of roads to plant and need new wastewater construction. Conform to sanitary prevention distance, WWTP and limited effect to nearby residents, no Propasal 1 Near Sanchahe River, associated Sewer domestic water pumping spot within (recomme downflow of Qingshuihe － networks for 1000m of discharging gate, good flooding nd) River Qiubei prevention condition and available for discharge of untreated sewage. Low land requicition cost, low Located at east of a Propasal 1 investment in construction, no Long distance to center of the hill,southerneast of the (recomme development land usage of the county, county and certain effect on WWTP and county, and its averaged nd) good flooding prevention condtion and nearby environment Interception elevation is about 678m easy to maintainance pipelines for Funing Located at west of a High cost in land requicition, hill,southerneast of the Good flooding prevention condition and long distance to center of the Propasal 2 county, and its averaged easy to maintainance county and certain effect to elevation is about 674m nearby environment Located at west of Propasal 1 Liancheng town and the Spacious land and suitable for long term Long distance pipe pavement (recomme distance to the Liancheng development demand and plantation demage WWTP and nd) County Planning area is interception 900m and have 35mu pipleines for On the right side of the Located at the boardary of the Guangnan connection between Zhujie urban planning border, Short distance of pipe pavement Propasal 2 to Guangnan Road and difficult to enlarge the land

Beining Rd, 900m away and agri-ecologic system from site demange Propasal 1 Farmland , near west bank Availabe to collect the whole county 0.4m longer than proposal 2, (recomme of Taoyang River, 5km sewage, suitable for longterm making some effect on nd) away to the County development and low construction cost scenery and air Near river, not suitable for WWTP and A spare land, near east Availabe to collect the whole county longterm development, interception Propasal 2 bank of Taoyang Rive, sewage and good to county water system impact the landscape and high pipelines for 5km away to the County protection construction cost Malipo Narrow site place with less Farmland of east of Collecting all the sewer and discharging development. Additionally Proposal 3 Chouyanghe River, 200m into WWTP, convinent to protection of building more 200m main away plant site water system pipes than proposal 1 and 2

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According to the reguatlion of GB 50014-2006 “Outdoor Drainage Design Rule”, the site selection should conform to requirement of urban master plan and relevant specific plan. And the site will be selected according to following factors: (1) Located at the downsteam of water body of the township; (2) Convinent to reclaim and discharge after treatment; (3) Convinent to treatment and disposal of sludge together; (4) Located at down wind side of the urban summer wind direction; (5) Good geo-construction condition; (6) Minimun demolition, land occupation and have certain prevetion distance; (7) Possibility of expansion; (8) Not impacted by flooding disaster, the higher flooding prevention standard than the urban one and having good drainage condition; (9) Convenient transportation, water and power supply condition. According to requirements above, the result of selected site proposed in the component with the requirement of reguatlion GB 50014-2006 “Outdoor Drainage Design Rule”is listed in Table 8.3-4 Table 8.3-4 Water Supply plant site selection and the Regulation Comparison Analysis

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GB 50014-2006 “Drainage Design Regulation” for Project Location Comparison Location is confirmed with the following factors: (1) Located at the downsteam of water body of the township; Urban Water (2) Convinent to reclaim and discharge after treatment; Supply and (3) Convinent to treatment and disposal of sludge together; Discharge and SN Consistent to urban (4) Located at down wind side of the urban summer wind direction; Sewage master planning and (5) Good geo-construction condition; Treatment drainage construction (6) Minimun demolition, land occupation and have certain prevetion Project Name planning requirement distance; (7) Possibility of expansion; (8) Not impacted by flooding disaster, the higher flooding prevention standard than the urban one and having good drainage condition; (9) Convenient transportation, water and power supply condition. flooding, and the good drainage system is available; (3) Good geo-condition in the WWTP site ensure the safety of the future WWTP operation; (4) Good WWTP construction geo-condtion, high elevation for WWTP construction ensures reduction of earthwork and be suitable for future urban development; (5) Good infrastructure condition ensures the convenient construction and material transportation; (6) Economical and feasible solutions can reduce the secondary pollution at project operation time, and extremely reduction of the environment impact will make the environment condition in an acceptable level; (7)Any land requicition and demolition will be fulfilled under the supervison of relevant administration departments. (1) Located in downwind direction of the urban dominant wind, and 340m distance to the residential area. Project construction will not create any demolition, conform to sanitary prevention distance and have limited impact to nearby environment; Second WWTP Consitent to “Lijiang (2) Good construction geo-condtion; and associated 3 municipal master (3) Convenient in water supply, but long distance for power supply; swere networks Planning” (4) Discharge of treated sewage to Yanggong River and good drainage condition; for Lijiang (5) With the reasonable elevation of the project groundsill, flooding impact will be effectively avoided; (6) Good infrastructure condition. (1) Located at downflow of Qiubei County, and sewage can flow to WWTP; (2) 750m distance to near village and conform to sanitary prevention distance; (3) A farming road will ensure the transportation in project construction; (4) Located at downwind direction of dominant wind and do not cause any WWTP and Consistent to urban environment impact for nearby residents; associated 4 master planning of (5) No drinking water spot 1000m around discharging site; swere networks Qiubei (6) The phase 1 of the component occupaies land about 15000m2. Land acquitted for Qiubei in phase 1 will be occupied, and land in phase 2 will be left as spare. Good geo-condition ensures the effective construction for the project; (7) High elevation with good flooding prevention condition; (8) The qualified treated sewage will discharged to Qingshuihe River (1) The site is located at the east bank of Taoyang River, a spare land at the downflow with 4.0km distance to the county, which has limited impact to the urban development; (2) The construction land is much broader, which can ensure the short and long terms land usage. WWTP and (3) The drainage system pipe can be used to collect the whole county sewage.The Interception Consistent to urban sewage, including the sewage from urban planning residential area, all influent 5 pipelines master planning of into the plant naturely; component for Malipo (4)Ffar from centre of the county, without any removal, but certain impacting to Malipo the road-scape and air. (5) The location has high-wott power line,with nature water source and close to there-grade road; (6) Having qualified project geo-condition; (7) The available collection of sewage from the whole county is benefit to Taoyang River protection.

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From table 8.3-4, with the multi-comparison of site selected in the wasterwater treatment component, the final site selction is suitable for the reguatlion of GB 50014-2006 “Outdoor Drainage Design Rule”.

8.3.4 Wastewater Treatment Processes Comparison Analysis (1) Wastewater treatment process selection principles Wastewater treatment process selection principles are： 1) The wastewater treatment process should be selected based on the aspects of treatment scale, water quality property, environmental function of water body and local situation, and confirmed after technical and economical comparison. 2) The main technical and economical paremeters of process selection include: unit investment of water treatment quantity and pollutant reduction, power consumption and cost of unit water treatment, power consumption and cost of unit pollutant reduction, land occupation, stability of operation, difficulty of management and maintenance and totally environmental benefit.

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3) Confirming the real quality of influent wastewater and optimizing designing indexes. The monitoring and testing must be made on the character of existing water quality and constitution of pollutant, then giving reasonable analysis and prediction. When the constitution of water quality is complicated and special, dynamic experiments on wastewater treatment process must be carried out, if necessary, research on mid-experiment should be carried out. 4) New process needs to be carefully adopted. For the new process that first used in China, it must be carried out mid-experiment and productive experiment and be applied after getting reliable parameters.

(2) Comparison analysis on wastewater treatment method At present, the wastewater treatment methods include biochemical method, chemical method and soil treatment. Chemical method has better effect on reduction of phosphor, nitrogen and organics, but not economical for single treatment on light density of pollutant, sometimes brings about second pollution problems. Soil treatment is not suitable for wastewater treatment. Biochemical method is currently best treatment process and widely around the world. According to “construction standard of domestic wastewater treatment project”, biochemical treatment processes for wastewater secondary treatment include two categaies: one is activated sludge method, and the other is biological membrane method. Activated sludge method includes: traditional biological treatment process, common aeration biological treatment at the prepositive anoxic zone, anaerobic-aerobic biological treatment with phosphorus removal, anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic biological treatment with nitrogen and phosphorus removal, Sequence Batch Reactor (the SBR), Oxidation ditch biological treatment, Two stage biological process (such as A/B process). Biological membrane processes include biological filter process, biological contacting oxidation process etc. In fact, the main processes used in medium and small WWTP include oxidation ditches, SBR, A2/O, biological filter process membrane. For the WWTP that has the treatment scale of 10,000-20,000 m3/d, SBR, oxidation and biological filtrating pond have obvious advantage， and they are： 1) High efficiency of organics, N and P reduction; strong capacity of resisting concussion load; no segment pond and secondary segment pond, simple facilities, less engineering investment and easy to management; 2) Less engineering investment, the smaller of scale, the better; treatment facilities can be domestically produced, so most of facility expenditure can be reduced; 3) As medium and small cities have big fluctuation of water quality and quantity, limited economic strength, weak techniques and management, SBR and oxidation will be suitable;

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4) The engineering expenditure of all the there processes above is10%～30% lower than traditional activated sludge, and the operational cost is about 10% lower. Both SBR and A2/O have widely applied in Yunnan Province, in which intermittent activated sludge developes quickly, and updated to ICEAS and CASS. Biological filtrating pond is also widely used.

(3) Specific priciples of wastewater treatment process selection Specific priciples of wastewater treatment process selection are as follow： 1) Treatment extend and discharging requirement of wastewater； 2) Scale of original water and the changing order of original water quality and quantity； 3) All the materials of experiments and operation of the new process, techniques and similar WWTP； 4) Engineering cost and operational expenditure； 5) Conditions of climate, landform, hydrology, geo-condition, raw material, power supply etc. in the site； 6) Requirement of computation, water quality inception and self-control； 7) Effect of sludge treatment process； 8) Environmental effect。

(4) Wastewater treatment process selection result Based on the locally real situation, the suitable sewage treatment process of each sub-project is selected as following: 1) ICEAS Process in Huaping WWTP, Lijiang Second WWTP and Qiubei WWTP With the primary treatment of screening room, settle tank, the wastewater will flow into ICEAS reaction tank, where the pollutants of BOD5、P、N will be removed with the activated sludge activity. After the following settlement and UV disinfection processes, the sewage will be discharged. And the residue sludge will be pumped to sludge tank and with the sludge concentration and dewatering treatment, the sludge cake will be finally transported out The process chartflow is in figure8.3.1.

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粗格栅泵房细格栅旋流沉砂池砂水分离器

上清液污泥池 ICEAS 池干砂外运

机械浓缩脱水紫外线消毒渠鼓风机

泥饼外运出水

Figure 8.3-1 ICEAS Process Chartflow The characters of ICEAS include: It has lower operation cost, with stable process, has better effect on phosphor reduction. Water after treatment reaches national standard. It can be widely applied in Yunnan Province. 2) Circulatary SBR Precess in Funing WWTP The main construction of the circulate SBR process is anaerobic tank and SBR reaction tank, and sludge is back flowing from aerobic tank and the anaerobic one. In anaerobic tank, the continuous inputing sewage, mixed with the backflowed sludge, will have anaerobic and biological reactions, and the mixed liquide will enter SBR reactor. the reactor is operated periodically and sludge will back flow to anaerobic tank with additionally uncontinuous sewage and sludge discharge. With the same process of the tranditional SBR reactor, the process includes Aerotion, mixing settlement and sewage discharge stages. Compared to the tranditional SBR process, because of the separated anaerobic tank, the ciculate SBR process will improve the sludge settlement capacity, with biological reaction restraining the silk becteria growing; simultaneously, combining with the aerobic reaction in reactor, the process creates the phosphorus removal biolocially. As the operation of circulate SBR precess, the mixing time additional at the aerobic stage could form anoixic and anaerobic conditions, which will remove both organic carbon and phosphorus and nitrogen removal. The process flowchart is in figure8.3-2.

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进沉出水格栅水进水砂间泵改进型 SBR 池池房剩余污泥

泥饼堆置、外运集泥池污泥浓缩脱水机房

Figure 8.3-2 Circulate SBR Process Chartflow The characters of SBR treatment process include: There is no need of preliminary settle tank and secondary settle tank, so the process occupies limited land and be suitable for limited land region for WWTP construction There are no secondary settle tank and sludge back flowing tank. Equipments are simple and convenient in maintainance. When there is gradurally change in raw sewage both in quality and quantity, the process has stable organism removal and extensive impact loading for water quality and quantity. The activated sludge settlement of the process is happening in a stational condition, so the separation efficiency is stable. Effective control for biologically phosphorus and nitrogen removal, even in the same tank, the anaerobic and aerobic conditions can be created. And the end of settle stage, the low concentration of oxygen will adjust the process operation, which eusures the phosphorus and nitrogen removal biologically. Additionally, alkaline can be recycled under nitrification condition. 3) The Oxidation Ditch and A2/O Combined Process in Eryuan WWTP, Guangnan and Malipo WWTP The basic property of tranditional ditch oxidation prcess is enclosed ditch formed biological reactor, also called circulate aerobic tank, and the flowing type is in intermitted of full mixing and pushing flowing. The advantage of the process is stable treatment efficency and good impact loading for both water quality and quantity. The process of ditch oxidation uses surface gas generation equipment. Comparing to micro-porous gas generation equipment, this process is easy for maintainance, but limited oxygen generation capacity(1.6 ～ 2.1kgO2/kw.h), and big land occupation. The basic property of tranditional A/A/O process is using tandem anaerobic, anoixic and aerobic tanks, and the sewage is in pushing flowing way. With the micro-porous gas generation equipment, the advantage of the process is high efficenty of gas generation(＞ 2.5kgO2/kw.h), limited land occupation. And the disadvantage of the process is limited

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impact loading, limited adoption for the out environment changes, and low phosphorus removal efficiency. The combination of ditch oxidation and A/A/O optimizes the advantages from the two processes. The combined process includes 5 sections: section A is water storage tank, section B is anaerobic/ anoixic adjustment tank, section C is anaerobic tank, section D is anoixic tank, and section E is aerobic tank. The main function for section A is distribution of sewage, about10～20% of sewage distributing to section B, about 80%～90% sewage distributing to section C, which will effectively use the organic carbon from sewage; the main function of section B is elimination of the back flowing nitrate adverse effect at anaerobic tank and raising the phosphorus removal efficience; and section C、D、E are the tranditionalA/A/O process in anaerobic, anoixic and aerobic stages. The advantage of the process is stable treatment efficiency and good impact loading, with the ditch oxidation tank; extremely raising phosphorus removal efficiency, with front anaerobic/anoixic water storage tank; adjusting ghe anaerobic and aerobic volume and adopting to the out environment changes and high oxygen usage efficiency, with the miro-porous gas generation equipment. The flowchart of the process is showed in Figure 8.3-3.

出水进水进格沉水栅砂 A/A/O 型氧化沟沉淀池泵间池房回流污泥剩余污泥泥饼堆置、外运集泥池污泥浓缩脱水机房

Figure 8.3-3 The Ditch Oxidation and A2/O Combined Process flowchart The most advantage of this process is adopting oxidation ditch will create stable treatment effect and has strong application capacity. The above treatment processes are extensively appliced sewage treatment process, which will ensure the good treatment efficiency and sewage discharge with the relevant discharge standards. (5) Analysis of wastewater treatment process selection result The analysis of sewage treatment alternatives indicate that those disposal techniques are very common domestically and the technique is quite matual. The selection of technique comply with the Sewage treatment and pollution prevention technical policy for urban area, and the effluent can meet relevant standard.

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Three sewage treatment plants respectively in Lijiaing, Malipo (Wenshan Prefecture) and Funing (Wenshan) should consider the pre-treatment of solid waste leachate during design process. As the municipal waste collected from Lijiang Solidwaste sub-component, Malipo Solidwaste sub-component and Funing Solidwaste sub-component are proposing to transport their leachate to the STPs which are proposed to be built at the same time.

8.3.5 Sludge Disposal Propasal Comparison Analysis

8.3.5.1 SLUDGE TREATMENT PROCESS COMPARISON The residue sludge from sewage biologic treatment has extensive organism and becteria, and it need suitable method for treatment. Themain purpose for sludge treatment is innoxiousity and the typical process incudes sludge dewatering and stablisation. Sludge Dewatering According to the sewage treatment process, the water content of original sludge is from98% to99%. With the dewatering treatment, the water content will be decreased to 80%, even lower. The sludge dewatering process is the dewatering treatment for WWTP generated sludge, which will reduct the following sludge treatment cost, including sludge concentration before its final disposal. Dewater process is similar to the concentration one, and just dewatering can obtain high soild percentage, and the typical sludge concentration includes: •Belt Pressure Dewatering •Centrifugical Dewatering •Spire Pressure Dewatering •Boarded Pressure Dewatering Sludge Stablisation Sludge stabilization is followed to dewatering, and the stabilization purpose is reducing volatiled material and becteria from the sludge to meet the safety disposal and land utilization requirement. Solid content can also be reduced at sludge stablisation stage, and the typical process includes: • Aerobic digestion: aerobic digestion is bio-chemical oxidation with oxygen condition, the sludge can be continuously or batched put into the vessel. And the sludge will settle to the bottom and discharge from the bottom also after its stablisation. • Drying up: The dryin g bed is providing ventilation and naturally drying for sludge. • Anaerobic digestion: anaerobic digestion is bio-chemical oxidation without oxygen condition, with the decomposition of the organism, methane will be generated.

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• Composting：Using aerobic composting, utilizing aerobic microorganism, the organism in sludge could be decomposed. Through the biologic decomposed energy to heat the composting temperature, lots of pathogeny microorganism and parasite in sludge will be killed and the innoxiousity and stability purpose will be obtained. The composting product has plenty humus, so it has effective fertilizer capacity, can improve the soil structure and is a good natural fertilizer. • Lime stablisatoin

8.3.5.2 SLUDGE DISPOSAL PROCESS CAMPARASION Sludge disposal is used for the stablised sludge and it’s a final disposal process for sludge. According to the local situation, the selected sludge disposal method should have its current technical feasibility and future development direction. At present, the disposal methods include: (1)Landfill Landfill has low operation cost and experienced management property, and it is the main technique for sludge disposal. The disadvantage of this method is: (1) land occupation; (2) improper disposal for sludge will casue secondary environment pollution issue. (2)Incineration Incineration consumes plenty old and the generated energy can’t be effectively used, as its limited technology and equipment, and lots of toxic materials could be generated and difficulte to effective control at its sludge combustion, which will cause air pollution. Additionally, the big proportion of industrial wastewater in its municipal sewage will create low percentage of organism in its produced sludge, so the combustion heat value is limited and the economic benefit of incineration is low. (3)Direct Drying With air flow drying machine, the 80% water content sludge can be dried, various becteria can be killed with over 100℃ temperature, and followed with landfill disposal. Its disadvantage is energy consumption and increasing treatment cost. (4)Anaerobic digestion The anaerobic digestion for activated sludge can kill micro-becetia and generate methane. Still three disadvantages of this method are: (1) high investment for anaerobic digestor, methane recycle and storage equipments; (2) landfill is still need for the digested sludge in 20% weight reduction; and (3) complicated operation, high management level and operation cost. With the relevant data showing, the investment for sludge digestion system is about 1,000,000 to 2,000,000 RMB/ ton dried sludge, including sludge concentration, dewatering, middle temperature digestion, re-concentration for the disgested sludge and dewatered sludge out transportation, and the daily operation cost is 700 to 850 RMB/ ton dried sludge.

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(5)Biologic Treatment Using aerobic becteria and oxygen, sludge can be fermented in high temperature in the biologic composting. This method has been widely applied by lots of countries for sludge treatment. Since the 1980s, some composting plants have been established in China; however, most of these plants were suffering difficulties in its operation, because of the limited composting quality and the marketing. As lots reasonable reasons consideration, landfill is still an important method for sludge treatment.

8.3.5.3 SLUDGE DISPOSAL PROPASAL COMPARISON According to the technically feasible analysis, the real situation consideration for each sub-project and the current solid waste management system, the sludge transporation, treatment and disposal propasal for each sub-project has been designed. The sludge disposal method for each sub-project is same, which is transportation the concentrated sludge to municipal MSW treatment plant for disposal. (1)Dengchuan WWTP and its Drainage System Project for Dali Consideration of the native sludge disposal situation and the Dengchuan current condition, as the limited treatment capacity of the project, the generated residue sludge is limited, the mechanic concentrated and dewatered sludge will be transported to Jumachang MSW landfill for disposal. With the marking demand, biological composting trials can be applied for future’s sludge disposal, which will transfer the waste to resource and reduction the possibility of environment pollution. (2)No.2 WWTP and its Drainage System Project for Lijiang As the local situation of Lijiang, the biological composting and landfill methods for sludge disposal are provided, which is sending the dewatered sludge to the near village for composting with the combination of MSW and weed, and the residue can be transported to landfill for disposal. (3)HuipingWWTP and its Drainage Systme for Lijiang In order to protect the soil environment quality and avoid second pollution by sludge composting and its production application, the sludge from WWTP will be collected, storied and finally disposed by landfill. (4)Qiubei WWTP and its Drainage System Project for Qiubei The sludge will be treated by aerobic composting and the suplus sludge will be sent to landfill for disposal. (5)Malipo WWTP and its Drainage System Project for Wenshan

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The sludge will be treated together with MSW. The MSW treatment site is in design and construction with project implementation (6)Funing WWTP and its Drainage System Project for Wenshan The sludge will be treated together with MSW. (7)Guangnan WWTP and its Drainage System Project for Wenshan The sludge will be treated together with MSW.

8.3.5.4 ANALYSIS ON THE RESULT OF SLUDGE DISPOSAL COMPARISON The comparison result shows that all the sludge treatment proposals are basically the same, namely transporting all the sludge after dewatered to solid waste treatment plant and then landfilled. The proposals comform to requirement of innocuity and has less environmental effect. In order to make all sludge transporting into solid waste treatment plant meet the regulation, periodically monitoring should be made.

8.4 ALTERNATIVE PROPASAL COMPARISON AND ANALYSIS MSW DISPOSAL PROJECT

8.4.1 No Project Comparison Analysis Based on the environment profit and loss and social and economic development, this project EIA analysed the non-water supply propasal and detailed listed in Table8.4-1.

Table 8.4-1 No Project Comparison Analysis for MSW Disposal Project Charicteristics Implementation of the project No Project (1) Consistent to the MSW disposal and pollution prevention technical policy; (1) Maintainace the current situation (2) Consistent to the economic and social development and (2) without any change on land utilization environment protection planning requirement for Kunming, Dali, value Advantage Lijiang and Wenshan (3) Without any environment issue, such (3) Be favor to protection and improvement of urban environment as plantation damage and dusty in its condition construction (4) Increasing the MSW disposal capacity to7,780,000 t/d (5) urban infrastructure Improvement (1) Land occupation; requicite land 18 mu and borrow land; (1) Un-concentrated landfilled treatment (2) Plantation damage and dusty in its construction of MSW creates serious environment Disadvantage (2) Noice, sludge and sewge from equipment operation will pollution issue possibly bring adverse effect for environment. (2) The current landfill capacity can’t meet the stardard. Integrated From social and environmental view, the project implementation will be preferred Analysis From table 8.4-1, the no-project idea can’t meet the social and economic sustainable development and the life standard continuous raising for local people; even so, there are not

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any environment effect issues. And the MSW, without any treatment will seriously pollute the environment. Although, some environmental effect will be created with the project implementation, most of these environment effect issues could be solved with the reasonable environmental protection measure, except for the 10 mu permanent land usage. And the environment effect from construction stage is in temporary condition, however, the social and environmental benefits by the project implementation is long-termed. Therefore, the project construction is necessary.

8.4.2 MSW Disposal Propasal Comparation The cleaning up and treatment purpose for MSW is the continuous processes from MSW generation, collection, treatment and recycle utilization, which will ensure the MSW timely cleaning up and proper treatment and reasonable utilization. And the eventual purpose for MSW reduction, recycle and reuse, from which the pollution threaten can be eliminated and the social fortune will be achieved. At present, the most popular effective MSW treatment methods are landfill, composting and incineration. According to the native MSW property, the MSW treatment technical policy is development of sanitary landfill and high temperature composting in short term, the available places can develop incineration and integrated utilization, the hospital hazardous MSW need be specifically collected and combusted. There are various impact factors for comparison of MSW treatment process, which include: (1) Reliable technology; (2) Treatment cost; (3) Environment pollution risk; (4) Reuse value and others. Table 8.4-2 lists the comparation among sanitary landfill, high temperature composting and incineration

Tbale 8.4-2 MSW Treatment Methods Comparasion

Method Item Landfill Incineration Composting Technical reliability Reliable and experienced Reliable Reliable and experienced Operation Safety Good in safety and firing prevention Good in safety Good in safety Reletively available, and Available, and closed to the Difficult in consideration of water avoiding residential area and Site Comparison city with no more than 10km pollution prevention transportation distance in 10～ transportation 15 km Land Occupation Big Small Middle size Extensive application range without Heating value bigger Over 40% of the Decomposed Suitable Condition serious requirement for MSW 4000kj/kg organics composition Final Disposal No 15% residue rest 20% un-composting material Methane utilization for the equipped Heat or electricity for social Product Marketing Develop composting market landfill use Energy Reuse Partially availabe Available Not Available Reuse Remidiation of land reuse Partial material Reuse partial material

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Suface water Potentially, and need prevention Same to landfill No pollution method Ground water Potentially, and need prevention No Low potential pollution method Air pollution Availably control Air pollution without control light smell Soil pollution Landfill site No Hazardous control Management Level General level Reletively high Reletively high Investment 80～150 thousand RMB/t 500～800 thousand RMB/t 250～500 thousand RMB/t Treatment Cost 20～40RMB/ t 50～100RMB/t 30～60RMB/ t

According to the analysis, the selected MSW disposal method is listed Tbale 8.4-3.

Table 8.4-3 MSW Disposal for Each Sub-project

SN Project Selected Disposal

1 MSW Disposal Project for Songming Sanitary Landfill 2 MSW Disposal Project for Funing Sanitary Landfill 3 MSW Disposal Project for Maguan Sanitary Landfill 4 MSW Disposal Project for Xudian Sanitary Landfill 5 MSW Disposal Project for Er’yuan Sanitary Landfill 6 MSW Disposal Project for Lijiang Sanitary Landfill 7 MSW Disposal Project for Malipo Sanitary Landfill 8 MSW Disposal Project for Luquan Sanitary Landfill

The proposal above comforms to the regulation that landfill will be considered as basic proposal in well-conditional city.

8.4.3 Landfill Site Comparison

8.4.3.1 REQUIREMENT OF LANDFILL PLANT SITE SELECTION According to the regulation of GB16889-1997《MSW Landfill Pollution Control Standard》 and CJJ17-2004《MSW Lanfill Technical regulation》, the landfill site comparison should conform to the following environment protection requirement: (1) Landfill site comparison need conform to local urban planning and consistent to the local air pollution prevention, water and natural resources protection; (2) Landfill site should be located as downwind direction and 500 away to livestock; (3) Landifll site can’t be located at the following regions: 1) Different levels natural protection and landscape regions, drinking water source and other specific protection areas;

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2) Residents concentrated Region; 3) Sea-route connection zone; 4) Geo-condition limited locations 5) Ground water supplying site and water supplementary area; 6) Flooding happening area; 7) No more than 50m region to river and lake water bodies; 8) Minitary area and national secreting region;

8.4.3.2 RESULT OF LANDFILL PLANT SITE COMPARISON MSW disposal location should conform to the requirement of GB16889-1997”MSW Landfill Pollution Control Standard”and CJJ17-2004”MSW Lanfill Technical regulation”, and the result is listed in table 8.4-4.

Table 8.4-4 The site selected for municipal solid waste disposal sub-component

(1) Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Songming County Proposal proposal Proposal 2 Proposal 3 1(recommend) Site name Huolianqing Meitanpo Tiaozaowo 6km away from east of 7.5km away from southwest location 7km away from southwest of county county of county capacity less large less Enigeering little much less quantity conglomerate at surface, below is thick clay at surface, similar to proposal 2, bald Geo-condition mud and rock, bottom is clay lignite below is basalt lime rock layer deep groundwater and groundwater accumulated from rain groundwater accumulated hydrology strong waterproof leakage from rain leakage Residents No residents within 600m to the nearest 600m to the nearest residency nearby 1.5km residency Catchmetn About 10ha About 31ha About 42ha area 2km water supply 1km water supply 1.5km water supply pipelines，in Water supply pipelines，in good pipelines，in good good condition condition condition Power supply About 1km lines About 2km lines About 1km lines transportation 1.5km road into plant 1km road into plant 3km road into plant result： By comparison, sites in proposal 2 and 3 are located at upwind and upstream of groundwater, but in proposal 1 the site is better. So proposal 1 is recommended. The advantage is good geo-condition, convinent transportation and little environmental effect

(2) Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Xundian County

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comparison name discription The site is located nearby Tianhe Road, 2 km away from the county. The total solid waste of baldly piling in Xundian County has come to 40000t. There are no any preventive measures. The site is very close to the countyship and railway, the villages are just 200m away from the site. The site location is far from the relevant regulation. The catchment area is 0.048km2, the valley that can be used is about Existing solid waste Proposal 1 400m long and 100m wide, the elevation height is 1975～2050m. The capacity of piling place piling is 320 thousand m3, but 40 thousand m3 has been piled up, there will be left 280 thousand m3. The left capacity is calculated to be used to 2015, only 8-9 year to the maximum. The most important thing is the site is located in the development planning area and there is no place to build the landfill plant because of plenty of factories and infrastructure in the area. The site is 7.5 km away from the north of county, 5 km away from the original solid waste piling plant. The west of the site is 1 km away from the railway from Kuming Proposal 2 Qingshuigou landfill to Dongchuan, 2.5km from the Tianshengqiao Road. It is convenient to the (recommend) plant transportation. Based on the requirement of site selection, the geo-condition of the site is good. The groundwater under the site is not the water resource of local residents, so it has little effect on the water resource. The site is located at the left side of Tianhe Road, 6km away from the county, and at the downwind of the county. The site is valley with the shape of “U”, and the valley is 750m long and 400m wide. The average height of the valley is about 2050m, the peak is 2120m. The entrance of the valley is just 200 m away from the road from Renjiafentang Proposal 3 Xundian to Dongchuan. There is less construction of inlet road, but the site is very landfill plant close to the road, which will make some effect on external environment. The plant can be used more than 15 years if calculated by the capacity of 800 thousand m3. The site is in good geo-condition but needs much resettlement, because many of tombs of a local family are in this area. So the site is also not suitable. The site is close to a special railway from Kunming to Dongchuan and within a spacious place. The site is 1200m long and 1200m wide, surrounded by hills with the height of 30-40 m in three directions. The site is very broad and wide grassland Proposal 4 Yejishan with no farmland, when it rains, some water will be accumulated. The elevation height is about 2025m. The capacity can be expanded to 3.5 million m3, which will ensure the use of 50-60 years. A villege is in the south of the site, it can not affected by the plant, vecause the villege is located at the upwind of the plant. result： In terms of geo-condition, the coefficient of leakage is larger in Qingshuigou. Except for artifical leakage prevention, all the condition is better. So it is suitable to construct solid waste treatment plant (3) Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Luquan County comparison Proposal 1 Proposal 2(recommend) Proposal 3 Site name Dajianshan Shangshihuiyao Dapingdi 6km away from northeast of 7km away from northwest of 12km away from northwest location county county of county capacity little larger larger Enigeering no larger less quantity Geo-condition common better bad hydrology No surface water Spring at the bottom No spring Residents 600m to the nearest 600m to the nearest no nearby residency residency Catchmetn － 15ha 35ha area 4km water supply pipelines，in 1.5km water supply 2km water supply Water supply common condition pipelines，in good condition pipelines，in good condition Power supply About 3km lines About 1km lines About 1.5km lines 0.8km road to be transportation Beside road Reconstruction of 3km road construted result： By comparison, site in proposal 2 is better than proposal 1 and 3, so proposal 2 is recommended. The advantage is good geo-condition, convenient transportation and little environmental effect. (4) Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Eryuan County

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comparison Proposal 1 Proposal 2 Proposal 3(recommend) Site name Xunjiancun Ganhaizi Shanglongmen location Northeast of the county North of the county Southeast of the County Geo-condition In the mountain ditch In the mountain ditch In the mountain ditch wind Downwind of the county Downwind of the county Upwind of the county Wind effect no yes yes transportation convenient, nearby 214 national road Inconvenient convenient Transportation 3.6km from the county 4.0km from the county 12.0km from the county distance Driving Plain and convenient inconvenient Slope and turning difficulty of heavy vehicles implementation inconvenient inconvenient convenient Water supply convenient convenient convenient Power supply convenient convenient convenient Major downwind of the county, convenient convenient transportation, advantage transportation, water and power water and power supply supply and implementation and implementation Major In the development planning area difficulty in road upwind of the county, long disadvantage construction, residents transportation distance and nearby 500m slope result：proposal 1: No residents 100m around plant site, no air and noise pollution, convenient transportation, water and power supply, large capacity. But the site belongs to development planning land, so proposal 1 is not suitable; proposal 2: the site is located at the downwind of the county, but inconvenient in transportaion, traffic, water and power supply and construction. So proposal 2 is not suitable proposal 3: the site is connenient in traffic and land acquisition. Although a little long from the county, no effect on the county. In a summary, proposal 3 is recommended. (5) Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Lijiang municipality comparison proposal1(recommend) proposal2(recommend) Distance to 18km 27km city center Formland valley valley capacity >2 million m3 2 million m3 Geo-condition good good Nearby No residents within 500m, but the vehicles No residents within 500m resident have to pass through the villege to enter plant transportation Existing 3.5 road 2km road needs contruction result： Proposal1 is recommended. The site is located at north of Wenhuan villege, no natural reservation area, senery tourist area, and history spots and so on. (6) Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Malipo County comparison proposal1 proposal2(recommend) Site name Datangzi Shimacun location 4km away from the county, located at south of 8km away from the county, located at south of county county Geo-condition Slope, 75 Chinese Mu land occupation Slope, 70 Chinese Mu land occupation transportation 2km road to be built to plant 1.5km road to be built to plant plantation Bad plantation, only some vegetable Bad plantation, only some vegetable Geo-condition Nearby resident transportation Leachate Influent into WWTP by gravity Influent into WWTP by gravity discharging result： Both sites are suitable to be the landfill plant. But the distance in proposal I is shorter the proposal 2 and the capacity is larger. So combined with the opinion of local department, proposal 2 is more suitalble. (7) Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Funing County comparison proposal1(recommend) proposal2

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Site name Laoshuinichang Sangongli Distance to township 5km 5km River basin situation The same with county Different with the county Wind direction and nearby Distance >1km Distance >1km resident Distance to proposed WWTP 5km 4km Plain area with good Simple geo-condition Geo-condition geo-condition depth The depth is 300m with 10% as deep as 1100 metre and with steep hillside, sloping rate,it is suitable for the which is not suitable for landfill construction of landfill capacity Catchment area 0.06km2 0.95km2 Capacity 700 thousandm3 670 thousand m3 amount Service time 20 years 20years result：Proposal 1 is recommended. There are no villeges within 1m of the site. The site is in the same river basin with the county and is 5km away from Funing County. The county will be little affected by the plant because of many mountains’ obstruction.

(8) Municipal solid waste collection and disposal project in Maguan County comparison Site name Proposal discription The site is 3.5km away from the south of county. The inlet road will be built 1000m from main road to the site, the transportation is kind of convenient. The gas and smell generated in the plant will disperse to the east of the county with the wind. But the site is not located at the most adverse position. The site is wildland surrounded by hills in three directions and spaciou to operate. There is no villagers and residents within 1km distance. The site has three disadvantages: 1）The site is located in the scope of Maanshan Reservoir that is the biggest proposal1 Longbangpo reservoir in Maguan county. The capacity of reservoir is 11.14 million m3, and the irrigation area is 19.6 thousand Chinese Mu. The geo-condition is lime rock, once the leachate pollutes the surface water and groundwater, there will be great adverse effect; 2）It is very close to the water resource of Hailongshan, once polluted, there will be great effect; 3）The hypsography is lower than the county, so the leachate can not be discharge into WWTP by gravity. The pumping of leachate will increase investment. The site is 3.5 km away from the northeast of the county. There has been 1 km inlet road and parking lot within the plant. The transportation is convenient. The site is at the downwind of the county, so the smell and waste gas and dirt can not make effect on the county’s environment. There are no villages and residency within 1.5 km area, which is conforming to relevant regulation. There is good proposal2 plantation around the plant, which has little effect on the surroundings. The Mabaizhen (recommend) geo-condition is suitable to construct landfill plant. The most advantage is it is close to the WWTP to be built, only 2.5km away. The height difference is about 30m, which is convenient to discharge the leachate into WWTP. The only disadvantage is that the 45,000 t solid waste baldly piled up in the past 4 years has caused pollution on the environment. So it needs to be treated to avoid the secondary pollution in the future. result：In a summary, the site selectd in Mabaizhen is suitable, because the advantages are more than disadvantages and investment of the plant is also reasonable.

8.4.3.3 CONFORMITY ANALYSIS OF LANDFILL PLANT SITE SELECTION In order to analyze and prove the rationality and feasibility of proposed site in feasibility study, conformity analysis has been made with the regulations of GB 16889-1997 “domestic

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solid waste landfill standard” and CJJ 17-2004 “domestic solid waste landfill technical criteria”. The result is listed in Table 8.4-5.

Table 8.4-5 Conformity analysis of site selection with domestic solid waste landfill standard and specification GB 16889-1997 “domestic solid waste landfill standard” and CJJ 17-2004 “domestic solid waste landfill technical criteria” Site selection the site Domestic solid waste landfill plant can not be constructed in should should following areas: conform to locate at the 1) Natural preservation district, scenery spots, drinking local master downwind of water resource and other special protective areas of all Name of plan and to dominant levels component of No. requirements wind in 2) Dense residency Solid waste of air pollution summer and 3) Areas directly connected to sea-route treatment prevention, 500m away 4) Activated zones of collapse, rapture, underground mine, water resource from the lime hole and grotto protection and residence 5) Groundwater catchment and supplementation area natural 6) Flood area and flood collection course protection 7) Within 50 m areas between the verge of bury area and wastewater treatment area and rivers and lakes 8) Military place and foundation, nationally secrery areas Located at Municipal solid Conforming to the waste The site is located in the mountain with capacity of 700 urban and downwind of collection and thousand m3. The site has good geo-condition, short 1 country the county, disposal transportation distance and no special restraints. The site is development 550m to the project in suitable to built landfill plant. plan nearest Luquan County residency Municipal solid Located at waste Conforming to the collection and urban and Thick clay at surface, below is basalt; deep groundwater and downwind of 2 disposal country strong waterproof. The advantage is good geo-condition, the county, project in development convinent transportation and little environmental effect no villages Songming plan within 1.5 km County Municipal solid Located at waste Conforming to the collection and urban and downwind of The layer of site is clay which is more than 3m. No surface 3 disposal country the county, water and deep groundwater project in development no villages Xundian plan within 1 km County Located at Municipal solid the upwind Conforming to waste of the urban and collection and county, 1.5 Surrounded by mountain from 3 direction. The site is in 4 country disposal km away wildland and no spring within and around the site. development project in from plan Eryuan County villages, no effect Municipal solid Located at waste the Conforming to collection and downwind of urban and Landfill area is basalt, which can not conserve water. There 5 disposal the county, country master is no regular flow in the plant. project in 550m to the plan Lijiang nearest Municipality residency Municipal solid Conforming to Located at There is large hypsography in the plant, and no bad 6 waste urban and the geo-condition. There is no water accumulation and leakage, collection and country master downwind of the groundwater will be supplemented by rain. The site is

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disposal plan the county, not located in natural preservation district, scenery spots, project in 500m away drinking water resource and other special protective areas of Malipo County the all levels, and not in dense residency and areas directly residency connected to sea-route The site is not located at groundwater catchment and supplementation area, flood area and flood collection Located at Municipal solid course, is more than 50 m between the verge of bury area the upwind waste Conforming to and wastewater treatment area and rivers and lakes, not in of the collection and urban and the natural preservation district, scenery spots, drinking 7 county, disposal country master water resource, military place and foundation, nationally 500m away project in plan secrery areas, upstream of water resource, is not the Funing County contradicting with master plan. It is conforming to service residency time and convenient to construction. The road outside the plant has been built and the land acquisition difficulty is low. Municipal solid Located at waste the upwind Conforming to The site is not located in natural preservation district, collection and of the urban and scenery spots, drinking water resource and other special 8 disposal county, country master protective areas of all levels, and not in dense residency and project in 622m to the plan areas directly connected to sea-route Maguan nearest County residency

8.4.3.4 CONFORMITY ANALYSIS RESULT OF LANDFILL PLANT SITE SELECTION In a summary, after the comparison and analysis of proposals, the site selection of the component is conforming to the regulations of GB 16889-1997 “domestic solid waste landfill standard” and CJJ 17-2004 “domestic solid waste landfill technical criteria”.

8.4.4 Leachate Treatment Propasal Comparison

8.4.4.1 LEACHATE DISPOSAL PROPOSAL According to he each process feasible research and other investigatin, the leachate treatment method for each project is in similar condition and detailed in: (1)Leachate Guilding Discharge Measure: The guilding discharge measure mainly includes A.Guilding leaching system and B. collection system. A. The landfill leachate guild discharge system consists bottom reverse filtration layer, collected leachate guild discharge ditch and vertical stone box. B. the landfill leachate collection system uses guilding discharge collection and discharge as permeation prevention measure. The leachate and sewage are collected in a water storage tank; the function of the tank is water storage and adjustment of leachate water quality and quantity. Permeation prevention layer is needed for the storage tank. (2)Permeation Prevention for Landfill: the horizontal and vertical prevention layerare combined used, which will ensure the no-permeating of leachate to the ground water both the bottom and the four well sides. The digged bottom will be followed constructed with 300mm clay protection layer and 2.0 mm depth HDPE permeation prevention layer. In order to the convenience of sludge cleaning up for water storage tank, additional layers of 150mm depth middle-fine size sand layer and 350mm depth brick protection layer will be orderly constructed.

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(3)Leachate Back Spraying and WWTP Treatment: back spraying pump room will be constructed at the downflow of water storage tank, which will ensure the leachate back spraying to landfill and surplus leachate will be sent to WWTP for treatment. The leachate treatment methods have been summaried for each project.

Table 8.4-5 LEACHATER TREATMENT Estimation of Operation Distance Project Leachate Control Leachate Treatment SN leachate Period to WWTP Name Standard Method (m3/d) (Year) (KM) “MSW Landfill Pollution Back spray and storing Songmin 1 140 15 ” in the water tank in 14km g Project Control Standard GB16889-1997 raining season “MSW Landfill Pollution ” Back spray and Xundian Control Standard 2 46 20 sending to WWTP ( in 8km Project GB16889-1997 and sewage discharge in construction) second level standard “MSW Landfill Pollution ” Luquan Control Standard Back spray and 3 115 14 - Project GB16889-1997 and sending to WWTP sewage discharge in third level standard With back spray and “MSW Landfill Pollution storage, the additional leachate will send to ” Dali Control Standard WWTP. And total 4 150 20 8km Project GB16889-1997 and length of leachate sewage discharge in third plastic pipe is 8 km, level standard and inDN150 diameter. “MSW Landfill Pollution ” Lijiang Control Standard Back spray and 5 140 18 18km Project GB16889-1997 and sending to WWTP sewage discharge in third level standard “MSW Landfill Pollution ” Malipo Control Standard Back spray and 6 10.5 20 3.5km Project GB16889-1997 and sending to WWTP sewage discharge in third level standard GB8978-1996”Sewge Funing Back spray and 7 152 20 Discharge Standard” - Project sending to WWTP the third level standard “MSW Landfill Pollution Maguan Back spray and 8 150 18 Control Standard” - Project sending to WWTP GB16889-1997

8.4.4.2 RESULT OF LEACHATE DISPOSAL PROPOSAL COMPARISON The density of pollutant in the leachate is too high to discharge, so there are generally three ways to dispose: 1) Single disposal

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A WWTP is going to build to dispose all the wastewater from solid waste treatment plant. Leachate is the main component in the wastewater and very complicated. The design of WWTP is depending on density and quality of leachate. The quantity of leachate is affected by climate and landfilling may, so the lacking of leachate in sunny day prevents WWTP from operation. Therefore, large mixing pond needs to be installed to amortize the sudden change of water quality and quantity. This proposal is suitable for large landfill plant. It the scale of landfill plant is small the operational cost is about 26.00 yuan/t. 2) Back spraying disposal The leachate will be firstly pumped onto the solid waste, then evaporats into the air because the solid waste is full of hole to absorb water. Back spraying will also keep the surface of waste wet and from the dirt. This is a comparatively economical method in places where has less rain and high evaporation. But with the increase of latter leachate, there will be some polluting problems on air environment and the back spraying can not necessarily meet the disposal requirement. 3) Transporting to WWTP Leachate after proper disposal will be treated with wastewater in the WWTP. As the quantity of leachate mixed into demetic wastewater is seldom (<5%), it doesn’t make effect on WWTP’s treatment load. Whether it will affect water quality load and treatment effect is depended on the wastewater treatment process. According to GB16889-1997 “domestic solid waste landfill standard”, the leachate discharging into secondary WWTP should reach Class three of the standard (SS 400mg/L， BOD5”600mg/L，COD” 1000mg/L). The specific limit could also be negotiated with department of environmental protection and municipality. Generally, any leachate without treatment can not reach to Class three of the standard. ”Solid waste treatment and pollution prevention policy” regulates: rain water and waste water should be separated in the landfill plant to reduce the generation of leachate; setting up leachate collection system and encourage discharging disposed leachate into municipal sewer treatment system. If without above condition, single treatment system should be build and the leachate could discharge into water after disposal. Leachate can also be reclaimed to disposal, which will reduce the disposal quantity and disposal load. So the proposal of reduction of leachate back spraying＋transporting into WWTP is comformed to ”Solid waste treatment and pollution prevention policy”. But the premis is that the leachate should be properly treated and reach to standard of inflent quality of WWTP.

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8.5 ALTERATIVE PROPASAL COMPARISON ANALYSIS FOR RIVER WATER ENVIRONMENT

INTEGRATED TREATMENT PROJECT

8.5.1 8.5.1No Project Comparison Analysis Based on the environment profit and loss and social and economic development, this project EIA analysed the non-project for river water environment integrated treatment and detailed listed in Table8.5-1.

Table 8.5-1 No Project Comparison Analysis for River Water Environment Integrated Treatment Charicteristics Implementation of the project No Project (1) Maintainace the current situation (1) Consistent to the eleventh 5 years planning on economic (2) without any change on land and social development and the environment protection utilization value Advantage planning.for Dali and Wenshan (3) Without any environment issue, (2)Be favor to the river water environment protection and such as plantation damage and dusty improvement in its construction (1) River dredging work will impact the aquatic plant; (1) Over sludge in the river would (2) Plantation damage and dusty in its construction cause flooding prevention efficiency Disadvantage (2) Noice, sludge and sewge from equipment operation will (2) The sludge will seriously pollut the possibly bring adverse effect for environment. water Integrated From social and environmental view, the project implementation will be preferred Analysis

From table 8.5-1, the no-project idea can’t protect the river water resource and the self-funtion of the river water can’t meet the social and economic sustainable development and the life standard continuous raising for local people, even so, there are not any environment effect issues. Although, some environmental effect will be created with the project implementation, most of these environment effect issues could be solved with the reasonable environmental protection measure, except for the 10 mu permanent land usage. And the environment effect from construction stage is in temporary condition, however, the social and environmental benefits by the project implementation is long-termed. Therefore, the project construction is necessary.

8.5.2 Specific Propasal Comparison Analysis (1) Putting River Basin Integrated Treatment Project at Funing, Wenshan This project construction includes river defenser, river inspection road, river landscape, river bridge and river dredging system, and detailed inTable8.5-2.

Table 8.5-2 Comparison Analysis for Putting River Basin Integrated Treatment at Funing, Wenshan Prepared Project Description Advantage Disadvantage Propasal

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At the upflow of the treated river, Diversified river surface using the current zigzag formed design and the leaving Propasal 1 Big Land bottomland to leave and the right bottomland is favor to River (Recommended) Occupation bank of the river will be extended river landscape surface outer. construction design Not good for The river surface is designed with the Propasal 2 Small land occupation landscape original form. construction Landview and Trapezoid bank construction and transportation are Propasal 1 inspection and landscape design for developed at left side, (Recommended) River both sides of the river and additional landscape section construction is available design Maintaining the left side Maintain the original structure without original structure reduces Propasal 2 bank, but river road and landscape the construction belt is available investment Be fovar to plant growing Propasal 1 between the bricks space, Reverse filtration River Brick and Stone construction (Recommended) and ensuring the good layer is needed bank landscape design Quick in construction and Propasal2 Concerate Brick construction Limited landscape save stone No inspection road with the limited Limited demolition and the Propasal 1 Horizontal site condition, but having landscape right bank plantation can (Recommended) section design be treated as landscape design Inspection road and landscape Propasal 2 Good landscape Big demolition design

(2) Panlonghe River Integrated Treatment Project at Wenshan The project construction includes dredging system, landscape road and sludge treatment and detailed in table8.5-3.

Table 8.5-3 Comparison Analysis of Panlong River Integrated Treatment Project at Wenshan Prepared Project Description Advantage Disadvantage Propasal Hydroulic dredger using for main Easy to operate and sludge parts of the Propasal 1 move the mechanical Big impact to the nearby river and quick (Recommended) equipment and good environment construction and quality ensurance Dredging artifical dredging Method around the bank Big river working area for the High efficiency and dredging ship, but the Panlong with lots of save of Propasal2 Dredging ship method River limited surface area and human resourece and low water flow will not be material available for the ship moving 1. Good pressure loading 2. Good stablisation。 1. Too many joint will cause Propasal 1 Concerated road 3、Long usage time problem for the road; Landscape (Recommended) with 30 years 2、Big noise Road 4、Low maintainance cost Asphaltum concrated 1. Good road condition 1. High material quality Propasal2 road constructed with without any joint and 2. Low pressure loading

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asphaltum and low shocking noice; 3. Smoothly at raining and bad concrete 2、Easy for light condition at night construction and 4.Short usage period (10years); maintainance 5.Construction is impacted be the climate Because of the over Drying up and standard of heavy Sludge Propasal 1 shipped out for the metal of the sludge, it Treatment (Recommended) high water content can only filled the sludge. lower elevation land (3) Puzhehe Lake Water Environment Integreted Treatment in Qiubei County The scale and contents of the component include: 1) Treatment of villege pollution and improvement of living condition, and construction of 14 wastewater treatment facilities in the villages around lake; the total treatment capacity is 3500m3/d. 2) Construction of 825 ecological toilets, 7 Biological Sanitation Public Toilets，815 Decentralized Double-Chamber Composting System ，99 solid waste collection ponds; The total solid waste treatment capacity is 120t/d. 3) Treatment of 4 major river courses, including screen, Controlling Lock Door, River Overflow Wetland and Effluent Weir, Total area is 448 Chinese Mu. Among the sub-components above, proposal comparison should be made among agricultural solid waste treatment, wetland construction in river mouth and river course sludge reduction. Proposal comparison on agricultural solid waste treatment Generally, there are two methods about agricultural solid waste treatment: one is Decentralized Double-Chamber Composting technique，the other one is Centralized Organic and Inorganic Composite fertilizer manufacture technique. Both of the two methods are characteristic of making using of solid waste reclaimcable and producing high-efficient fertilizers. The technical and economical functions are listed in Table 8.5-4.

Table 8.5-4 Comparison on technical and economical function in agricultural solid waste treatment proposal

Decentralized Double-Chamber Centralized composite fertilizer Comparison Composting System (Proposal 1) manufacture system (Proposal 2) Structure and simple structure and mature technique complicated structure and process, high technique demand of techniques

Site selection less land occupation, not limited by more land occupation, limited by landform and land landform and geo-condition and geo-condition occupation

Investment low investment and operational cost and high investment in one time, need operational and suitable to application in countries cost and difficult to raise money operational cost

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Resource of maily from discharge of people and maily from discharge of people and livestock treatment livestock and crop straw; less demand and and crop straw; less demand and easy material easy obtain; suitable to small villeges obtain; suitable to medium and large farmland Operational little scale, simple operation, no specific large scale, need some operation and management requirement management Environment little, slight smell a little, strong smell within plant al effect Villeges and farmland are dispersed along Puzhehei Lake, so there are no plenty of solid waste generated from breeding farm, plantation farm and by-product manufactory. So the agricultural solid waste treatment proposal isDecentralized Double-Chamber Composting System (proposal 1 ) Wetland construction in river mouth proposal comparison The river mouths at Yuezhehe River, north of Bailonghu Lake, south of Bailonghu Lake and Laoyuegou River are main constitution of river-lake combined ecology. The implementation of treatment at the end of river mouth will play important role in recovering ecosystem, stabilizing and improving water quality at the cross of rivers and lakes. By analysis of 4 main rivers and landform in the river mouth, two proposals are proposed to made comparison: one is Joint Constructed Wetland，the other is Overflow Constructed Wetland proposal. The comparison result is listed in Talbe 8.5-5.

Table 8.5-5 Wetland construction in river mouth proposal comparison

Proposal 1 Proposal 2 comparison (Joint Constructed (Overflow Constructed Wetland) Wetland proposal) engineering more less Intervenation extent by people more less Recovery extent at the foundation large small investment more less Operational cost lower lower Ecological effect better Good water purification effect Better Good adapability of fluctuation of water better medium quality and quantity effect of flood discharging little no integration of techniques better medium Difficulty of management difficult Easy

Proposal 1: River water will be treated at the surface of wetland and get better purification, especially in dry season. The disadvantage is there are much recovery engineering at the foundation and high investment, and there is more internenation on ecosystem by people.

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The blocking problem of adding material adds the difficulties in management and high operational cost. Proposal 2: Taking the real situation in Puzhehei Lake into consideration, the main body of treatment is overflow system, which add up the retaining time of river water. The construction of plantation area along river mouth will bring about better ecological effect and landscape. As the site in the proposal belongs to semi-artifical wetland, the effect of pollutant reduction is less than proposal 1. By analysis of two proposals above, and in terms of lake theory, river mouth is a combined ecosystem with different biology, and belongs to a part of lake ecosystem. So there should not be much intervenation and sonsolidated construction. Considered the landscape and construction possibility, proposal is better than proposal 1. Proposal comparison on river course sludge reduction Proposal comparison should be made in terms of advancement and maturity of process, operation and management, investment, effect of nitrogen and phosphor reduction. The result of comparison is listed in Table 8.5-6.

Talbe 8.5-6 proposal comparison on river course sludge reduction

Proposal 3 Proposal 1 Proposal 2 (technique of No. index (interception shutter (the tunnel's gravelly bed filling the Japanese technique) technique) Organic Charcoal) 1 Advancement and advanced and muture muture and reliable process, muture muturity of process process, widely used with successful experience 2 operation and Simple and easy to Simple and easy to manage Simple and easy to management manage manage 3 Stability of operation stable stable stable 4 Land area small large smaller 5 Building and number little medium medium 6 Investment less medium more 7 operational cost low low low 8 effect of nitrogen and no medium best phosphor reduction

From the view of technique, all the proposals are feasible and can meet the designing requirement. But proposal 3 is better than proposal 1 and 2 in the effect of nitrogen and phosphor reduction, so proposal 3 is recommended. (4) Integrated water environment treatment of major river courses into Lake Erhai The component consist of:

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1) Yonganjiang River water environment integrated treatment 2) Luoshijiang River water environment integrated treatment 3) Mijuhe River water environment integrated treatment 4) Boluojiang River water environment integrated treatment 5) 18 streams in Canshan Mountain water environment integrated treatment The sub-components above involve in ecological rehabilation, ecological reconstruction, ecological embarkment construction, irrigation ditch rebuilding, soil conservation, ditch pollution control and so on. Feasibility study makes comparison on proposals. The general principle is aiming at improving inflent water quality of Lake Erhai and rehabilitating, recovering and reconstructing in ecological way.

8.5.3 Dredging Propasal Comparison The dredging project construction of the chief project includes Er’hai Lake input water environment integrated treatment project (Miyi River) and Putting River integrated treatment at Funing, wenshan. According to the Miyi River, Putting River and the branches hydrologic condition and its water and land losses condition, and the past dredging experience, with the low water flow and elevation and narrow water surface, the dredging method will be directly use mechanical dredger. The dredging method is handy digging and hydraulic clashing processes. And the hydraulic clashing process is separating the river into several sections; the water will firstly be pumped out for each section, and the hydraulic clashing machine will be secondary installed on the bottom of the river. With various mechanic activities, the sludge will be digged out and removed. This described dredging method has been extensively applied, and the key point of it is pollution prevention measure implementation and intensification. The relevant content is described in chapter5.

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9 ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS ANALYSIS

9.1 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE AND IMPACT ANALYSIS

9.1.1 Project Development Objective and General Impact The project development objective and its general impact are listed in the table 9.1-1.

Table 9.1-1The Project Development Target and Its general Impact

Project Development Objectives Project Impact The Project is to assist in the fostering of - Increased Urbanization rate; environmentally sustainable economic growth of - Improved lake basin management; and Yunnan Province, by abating environmental - Increased Local residents’ satisfaction level degradation of lake basins adjacent to its largest urban with service delivery in wastewater and centers and by providing urban environmental solid waste service. infrastructure critical for the development of county - Increased Coverage Ratio of wastewater towns. and solid waste service

9.1.2 Project Output and Performance The expected project output and outcome of sub-projects are listed in Table9.1-2 to Table9.1-3.

Table 9.1-2 Output and Performance of Er’hai Lake Basin Integrated Management Project Component Project Output Intermediate Outcome Outcome Indicators - Renovation of river - Reduction of Integrated water courses; pollutants discharged - Km of river courses environmental renovation - into Er’hai lake renovated or cleaned of major river courses - - Sanitation - Improved environment interventions in 28 around lake areas key villages surrounding the lake Rural non-point pollution and include among control others public sanitation facilities, wastewater collection and treatment facilities. Urban drainage network - Km of drainage system in Dali network system built - Number of collection stations constructed - Establishment of new - Number of people with landfill sites, closure Solid waste collection and additional access to of existing ones, disposal in Eryuan solid waste collection - Provision of vehicles and sanitary disposal and collection centers - Daily collection and disposal capacity

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- Km of sewer networks provided - New treatment Municipal sewage capacity of the - Sewer networks and treatment plant and wastewater treatment treatment plant associated sewer network plant - Number of people with additional access to treated wastewater

Table9.1-3 Output and Outcome Performance of Main Urban Infrastructure Components for County

Towns Development in Kunming, Lijiang and Wenshan Main Project Project Output Intermediate Outcome Output/Outcome Components Indicators - The number of people with additional access to solid waste - Establishment of new collection and transfer landfill sites; closure - Increased access to to sanitary landfill Solid waste management of existing ones; and quality of solid sites; system - Provision of collection waste collection and - Daily collection and vehicles, collection disposal disposal capacity and transfer centers - Unit cost for solid waste collection and disposal - Km of sewer networks provided Expansion or - New treatment establishment of - Increase access to capacity of the Wastewater Treatment wastewater treatment treated wastewater wastewater treatment Plant plants and sewage plant collection networks; - Number of people with additional access to treated wastewater

9.2 EXPECTED PROJECT BENEFITS

9.2.1 Basic Benefits This project can speed up the integrated environmental treatment and control of the basins and the construction of urban environmental basic infrastructures and create opportunities for the local economically and socially harmonized development and the whole urbanization of Yunnan province. At the end of the 10th Five-year-Plan, the urbanization level is just 29.5% in Yunnan province, which has about 5% gap to the 35% for the 11th 5-year Plan; sewage treatment rate is 40%, 30% gap to the 70% and MSW treatment is 41.9%, about 20% gap to the 60%. The construction of this project will directly contribute to the realization of the upper targets.

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9.2.2 Benefits on Public Health and Living Quality Located at the border region of China, Yunnan province is still an undeveloped province due to its historical, ethnic, mountainous and other limitations, despite that great social and economic achievement has been made since open-up. Currently its basic environmental infrastructure still remains backward and weak. As a result of increased population intensified urbanization, environment pollution and ecological degradation has become more and more serious and hindered the improvement of living quality. At the projected location, because of insufficient rainwater and sewage collection system, plenty sewage directly enters to the receiving water bodies, which creates great pollution to the water environment; the shortage of MSW treatment system also causes the poor sanitary environment for the city and the environmental condition is far from satisfactory. Meanwhile, without proper control, this may also weaken its function of flood prevention and brings the city in danger. With the implementation of the project, operation of the WWTP and its drainage system and the MSW treatment facility, the service area covered with municipal environmental infrastructure will be widened, total volume of water supply and water quality will be increased,, the pollution will be controlled and the environment of the project towns and project lake/river basin will be improved. Furthermore, the living condition and sanitary environment for the residents nearby the project locations will be improved. The conflict between economic development and environment pollution can be reduced and the living quality of the local people can be improved. In the end, the project will promote the local social and economic sustainable development.

9.2.3 Reduction of Pollution to Water Environment A number of WWTP, SWM facilities and other basic environmental infrastructures will be constructed, and several Sewage collection systems will be rehabilitated, improved and extended with newly increased treatment capacity of about 280,000 m3 per day. The capacity of solid collection, transfer and sanitary disposal will be expanded by nearly 1096 t/d. Integrated control and treatment of fed-in rivers and municipal environment, wetland conservation, lakeshore ecological restoration, integrated treatment and control of micro-watershed will be implemented. Pollution control and ecological environmental protection of important rivers and regions, control over point and non-point pollution sources, and as well financial input are to be enhanced. It will help to consolidate the achievement made in the 10th-Five-Year period, improve the ecological environment of key watersheds and regions, and improve the living standard and quality of local people.

9.2.4 Protection of Er’hai The implementation of the project has great significance to Er’hai Lake basin. The detailed content is described in the Regional Environmental Assessment Report, prepared by the international consultancy firm.

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9.2.5 Aquatic Ecology and Wetland Conservation With the implementation of the project, potential adverse impact on aquatic ecology and wetland may be caused by such sub-components as integrated river environment rehabilitation only during construction. During the project operation, their impacts on the ecosystems and water quality of the rivers are positive. Please find the details in the table 9.2-1.

Table 9.2-1 Impact on Aquatic Ecology and Wetland with the Implementation of the Project Project Existing Condition of the Environmental Benefit with the Sub-project Name Location Aquatic Ecology and Wetland Project Implementation Serious polluted water which with water quality of class V Improved water quality of of the national surface water Luoshijiang and Western Lake to standard; receiving heavy meet to the targets set in the Luoshijiang pollutant load from the Er’hai Plans; restored ecological Project sewage discharged from river balance; improved biodiversity; bank and towns; ecologically improved soil conservation, degraded Western Lake---the remarkable improvement of key wetland area with ecological landscape of the region decreased water quality Water quality of Miju River Water quality of Mijuhe River decreased from II to class meets the targets set in the Er’hai III—IV; TN exceeded the Plans; improved plant ecosystem; Dali City Mijuhe standard; too much non-point increased capacity of water Wastewater Sub-Project pollution sources load to the retention at the water source Sub-Compoonent Dali (Er’hai river, river basin suffering area; reduced pollutant load; Environmental Basin) from ecological degradation remarkably improved ecological Rehabilitation and increased soil erosion landscape of the watershed Main Fed-in Serious polluted water, water Rivers quality of 13 out of 18 reduced pollutant load to the lake; Boluojiang and streams are worse than class the water quality of 18 streams Cangshan 18 II; water quality of Er’hai has meet class II; improved resistance Streems been threatened and to soil erosion; increased Sub-Project tourism development has biodiversity; improved seriously affected the eco-tourism in Dali ecological environment Serious polluted water with Increased vegetation coverage; quality at class V; worsening enriched biodiversity; achieved Yong’anjiang soil erosion in benign ecological cycle, reduced Sub-Project mirco-watershed; shrinking of non-point source pollution load the Western Lake and loss of and improved water quality of ecological function Yonganjiang River Effectively reduction of pollutant Different level of pollution load to the lake; stopped found at different part of the degradation tendency of lake Integrated Enviornmental lake; destroyed ecological shore; restoration of wetland; Wenshan Rehabilitation of Puzhehei Lake, environment; degraded recovered benign ecological Qiubei County ecosystem in the watershed; cycle; improved stability and unconfident health situation of carrying capacity; reduced wetland ecosystem blockage of inlet

Integrated Environmental Limited biodiversity and Improved water quality of Rehabilitation of Panlonghe River, spatial integration, in terms of Panlonghe to class III; Wenshan County ecological landscape of the requirement of III level, decreased river; direct discharge of sediment in the river through municipal sewage and treatment and control projects of industrial wastewater; the river, in order to reduce the seriously polluted water with soil erosion. Yunnan Urban Environment Project Office - 324 - Kunming University of Science & Technology YUEP - Consolidated EA Report

Project Existing Condition of the Environmental Benefit with the Sub-project Name Location Aquatic Ecology and Wetland Project Implementation water quality at Class IV; poor water landscape; green belt was not able to form effective wetland ecologic system increasing soil erosion year by year and river bed siltation ; heavily polluted Realized positive ecological Putinghe River Integrated water with quality of class II; environment cycle; improved Rehabilitation at Funing high frequency of disturbance overall ecology environment; to the aquatic habitat; restored ecological environment aquatic ecosystem is difficult to be established

As we can see from the table, with the projects implementation, the water quality and ecological environment of Erhai, Puzhehei, Panlong River and Putting River will be greatly improved, which will increase the ecological tourism environment for Erhai and Puzhehei.

9.2.6 Flood Prevention and Improvement of Residing Safety Integrated Environmental Treatment Project of Main Fed-in Rivers to Er’hai Lake The Luoshijiang River: from the recent years, the river belt was often silted due to the flat river slope and plus collapsing of the river bank. The siltation has not been cleared for quite a long period. To the east of the Loushijiang, siltation of Luoshijiang blocked the water diverting channel from Mijuhe river Loushijinag river, to the west, serious soil erosion from Fengzhang Gully, Jiuzhou Longwangjian sandy dam, and Wenshui sandy dam bring lot of silt into Xihu (the West Lake) and Luoshijiang River. Such siltation weakened the discharge capacity of flood but also affect the routine production and living of local residents. Nitrogen and phosphorous carried by sand and soil enter directly into Er’hai Lake. The Project will repair the river bank slope of Luoshijiang River and remove the sludge blockage to release the pressure of Luoshijiang River from flood relief. Various techniques will be adopted in the ecological restoration of the river belt, such as ecological river embankment , green belt along the river, biodiversity restoration, road, aquatic ecological restoration, etc. Arbor and shrubs will be planted and restored along both sides of the river. In order to stabilize the river embankment while keeps its ecological function, the slop protection work of the river bank will made with stones and single-layer porous concrete balls, instead of three-smooth-surface. Such activities will help to find the solution to problems of river dyke collapse, riverbed leakage, and soil erosion, In this way, the irrigation capacity will be enlarged and flood prevention capacity will be upgraded to once in10-year-ourtbreak from once in 3-5-year-outbreak. The Mijuhe River: The Mijuhe River has a mountainous catechment with complicated landform. The river mouth has been silted up by 1.8 meters over the last 37 years (annual siltation rate of 4.89cm/a). The riverbed has not yet been dredged for long period and accumulated by 0.25-0.65m of silt due to gentle dyke slope. The main issues for flooding

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prevention are as following:1）The earth dyke of the river clasped seriously and has weakened its flood relief function; 2）Low anti-scouring capacity of the river dyke makes it vulnerable to collapse; 3）The flood relief facilities have not been repaired for many years and the current relief ability is rather weak; 4）Part of the river is quite narrow and the height of the river dyke is lower to cause overflow easily during the flood season. With the implementation of sub-project of flood relief project under Integrated River Environmental Rehabilitation Component of Mijuhe River, the flood control standard of MiJujhe River will be higher than once in 10-20-year-occurance. The flood relief capacity of Xizha River at downstream of Mijuhe River will be upgraded from 10-15m3/s to 20m3/s, which ensures that flood can be released without any problem and local residents living along the river or at downstream will be safe. The Eighting streams at Canshan Mountain: sever soil erosion at the middle and upper part of the 18 streams in Canshan Mountain brought large amount of sand and blocked the flood relief channels. Sometimes it caused also flood and land slide which caused huge economic losses to the local people and potential safety risks. Non-repaired river bed lost its flood relief ability due to the huge sedimentation. Then natural earth bank of the river has rather lower resistance to the scouring of water erosion during raining season. In the Integrated Environmental Rehabilitation of 18 streams in Canshan Mountain component, one check dam, two sediment trap dams will be constructed outside the nature reserve. Their flood control standard is deigned to be once in 20 years with siltation period of 5 years. Ecological concrete slope protection work will be constructed to meet the flood control standard.. The Yonganjiang River: The main function of Yonganjiang river is for irrigation and flood control. Because of the limited unified management, collapse of the riverbank is serious, and the siltation in the river is worsening, which greatly impacts the agriculture production and flood prevention ability, decreases flood storage and relief capacity. Especially at the flooding period, flood inundated the walkway of many nearby villages, which brought extreme in-convenience for the residents and also threatened the residents’ life and property safety. With the implementation of the projects, the river sediment will be dredged, parts of river dyke will be reconstructed and the ecological function will be restored. These will realize the agriculture irrigation and ecological restoration and improve the flood relief ability, promote the agriculture production and protect the property safety for local residents. Integrated Enviornmental Rehabilitation of the Panlonghe River, Wenshan At present, the allowed flux of flood relief capacity of the Panlonghe River is only 250m3/s and can not meet the requirement for flood prevention. Soil erosion has reduced the flood relief capacity of the river and the flood control standard has been lowered down year by year. At the middle part of the river its flood relief capacity is only about for 2-year-occurance. Through the project for soil erosion control and river course rehabilitation, the sedimentation of the river bed will be slowed down and the farmland at both sides of the river bank will be protected from the attack of flood. It will also play an important role in ensuring the smooth operation of hydraulic projects, as well as road and transportation.

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Integrated Environmental Rehabiiltation of the Puting River Basin, Funing The project will improve their flood prevention capacity from 5-year-occurance to 30-year-occurance, and avoid the risk brought by the periodic flooding of Puting River. As a result, the direct loss of about 8.5 million RMB caused by flood every year can be eliminated. Furthermore, the project will improve the flood prevention capacity of the river course, construct road for maintenance along the bank and improve the green belt. The situation of “fighting against of flood” can be changed into “flood prevention”, therefore it is good for improving the confidence of local people towards government and good for the sustainable development of Funing County.

9.2.7 Capacity Building on Environment Management Capacity Building Project on Environmental Monitoring and Supervision System in Wenshan This project aims at improving the capacity of environment monitoring and supervision system of Wenshan through equipping necessary equipment and instruments. Following the national standard for capacity building on environmental monitoring, supervision and information, the project will purchase the missing equipments and perform capacity building, to improve the local environmental quality and contribute to the sustainable environmental, economic and social development of Wenshan Prefecture. Supporting System for Monitoring, Control and Management of Total Pollutants Load in Dianchi Lake Basin This project will promote the technical development of environmental monitoring, research and management, raise the efficiency of local government in supervising and monitoring the pollution sources, improve the effectiveness of environmental management, help to raise the authority of governmental department for environmental monitoring and supervision, effectively monitor the discharge of pollutants at pollution sources, and minimize the discharge of pollutants illegally. From the previous analysis, through the implementation of the Yunnan Municipal Environment Development Project loaned by World Bank and with the purchasing of necessary modern environmental instruments and information processing equipment and software for local environmental monitoring station, the environmental monitoring capacity will be deeply increased. Monitoring data can be provided as a reference in decision making for the environmental administration department. The introduction of national and international advanced technology and management will encourage the open-up and reformation of Yunnan province.

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9.3 IMPACT BROUGHT BY THE PROJECT SITTING

9.3.1 Environmental Impact of Resettlement

9.3.1.1 RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN Of the 28 physical investment project components, following sub-component will involve resettlement: Integrated treatment and control project of Lion Mountain, Lijiang, Urban Municipal Sewer Networks of Dali, and SWM in Funing County Town. According to the Integrated treatment and control project of Lion Mountain, Lijiang, buildings to be demolished follows two approaches, in terms of resettlement: (1) existing building which doesn’t fit the overall architecture style will be removed and new buildings with traditional architecture style are allowed to be constructed on the same location. Compensation will be paid to those families affected. For buildings with frame structure, compensation will be paid at a rate of 626.98yuan/m2, 494.71yuna/m2 for brick-concrete buildings, 367.9yuan/m2 for brick-wood buildings, and 276.81yuan/m2 for earth-wood buildings. (2) For the families to be resettled to a new place, one-off compensation in cash will be given. Compensation of the house will be valued as cost for new construction and the cost of land will be compensated at a value of 600,000yuan/mu. Drainage System Project of Dali will only affect the collectively own simply-constructed houses. The level of compensation for those houses is 100yuan/m2. MSW Collection and Treatment Project in Funing need to dismantle collectively own brick-wood structured houses, the compensation will be made to the individuals who hold the ownerships at 350yuan/m2.

9.3.1.2 ENVIRONMENT IMPACT OF RAP As the relevant projects construction and old city rehabilitation, the building demolition and resettlement issues will be inevitably created. Population transferring and changes in population structure and living environment, caused by demolition, will probably bring the inconvenience for part of residents for their living and work, During the preparation of YUEP, the minimum resettlement concept was fully agreed to. And for the inevitably affected persons, the strategy of resettlement is to replace the destroyed buildings, land, other property, basic facility and income sources with new ones. The project implementation will bring welfare and economic development opportunity for most of the local residents, and through the effective implementation of RAP, the affected persons will improve the production condition and living environment and brought the opportunity for increasing living quality. It will also promote the economic development and take great environmental and social benefits.

9.3.2 Impact on Physical Culture Resources The related physical culture resources sub-projects are listed in table9.3-1.

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Table 9.3-1 Physical Culture Resources Component Physical Culture Project Component Protection Level Location Resources Class III of National-level protected Dali and Xizhou old towns scenery National-level protected unit, key Main inflowing rivers water Xizhou Bai nationality traditional dwellings and old architecture environment rehabilitation people building in the Erhai lake basin sub-component, National-level scenery resort and Dali Cibi Lake Dali Dali urban wastewater Prefectural-level nature reserve sub-component Yunnan provincial-level natural cenery Village Non-point Source Xihu (Western Lake) resort landscape region and Dali Pollution Control Project Prefectural-level nature reserve for Er’hai lake basin. Haixihai Lake Dali Prefectural-level nature reserve National-level scenery resort and Dali Er’hai Lake Prefectural-level nature reserve Baimalongtan Temple, Integrated Environment Municipal-level cultural heritage Wenchang Palace and Lijiang Renovation of Lion protection unit Jinlian Temple Mountain, Lijiang Jiefeng Building historic architecture Wenshan Prefectural-level cultural Shizishan Cliff Paintings Integrated environment heritage protection unit Rehabilitation of Puzehei Wenshan Prefectural-level cultural Pugehei Cliff Paintings Lake, Qiubei heritage protection unit Wenshan Puzehei Lake National-level scenery resort Huituzai New Stone Age Panlonghe integrated Cultural heritage building site treatment Project Shique Cultural heritage building

Before the construction of each sub-project, the opinions from the departments of local planning, electric power and water supply need be consulted to find out and avoid any possible damage to utility lines, such as electric cable, optical fiber cable and water supply pipes, and avoid to bring any inconvenience for local residents. According to each project site investigation and relevant urban planning data, the selected project sites are located in places with rather simple transportation, telecommunication, hydraulic and electric power condition without any key national defense facilities, and the scenery facilities and cultural heritage . The cultural heritage and historic site will be consistently protected during the construction of each sub-project: 1）the sub-project with the scope of scenery region and natural reserves can only be constructed after the project implementation unit has gone through approval procedures, defined in relevant laws & regulations; 2）Contractor workers should be provided with enhanced education and training on cultural heritage protection, any chance-found cultural heritage during construction must be reported to local government and cultural heritage management agencies promptly, the construction activity should be suspended, and the site should be well protected, so as to avoid artificial damage. Relevant cultural heritage management agencies should make investigation of the sites to determine whether rescuing or excavating of the chance-found heritage, the to implement protective measures as defined.

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During the project operation phase, the impact each of the sub-component on cultural heritage is as follows: Sub-Component No.1: Dali City Wastewater Sub-Componnet in This project will focuse on the protection of old architectures group, Bai nationality traditional buildings and landscape, and environment improvement. All the designed sub-components construction activities will follow the provisions strictly of the relevant laws & regulations and rule of “Law on Cultural Heritage Protection Law of P.R.China”, “Historic Culture City Protection Planning Requirement” and “City age-old Trees and Well-Known Timbers Management Regulation”, Only those buildings that are unharmonious with old town will be demolished. The new project construction will only rehabilitate those unharmonious landscape and infrastructures, and the project construction will not take any contradiction with old buildings and landscape protection. Sub-Component No 2: Integrated Environment Rehabilitation of Main Inflowing Rivers in Erhai Lake Basin The project covers Cibihu Lake scenery resort, and the project construction and operation will certainly impact to them, however, as the water environment protection project, the project construction will bring positive effect for Yibihu Lake water environment, which will protect and remediate aquatic ecological environment for Yibihu Lake. Sub-Component No 3: Village Non-point Pollution Control in Er’hai Lake Basin This environmental protection project obtains suitable village sewage treatment technology for effective sewage treatment, which ensures the effective treatment for 28 villages around Er’hai. The project construction will improve the water quality for Er’hai Lake by treating village wastewater to the designed standard, reduce the pollutant load to the lake, and decrease the pollution of direct wastewater discharge to water bodies and soil. Additionally, the village night soil will be also effectively collected and disposed off. Eco-latrines for household and public sanitary latrines will realize the ecologically & circularly utilization of night soil. Sub-Component No 4: Integrated Environmental Renovation of Lion Mountain in Lijiang The project construction will form a green barrier between Lijiang old Town, the World Heritage, and new city, improve ecological environment for Old Town and be benefit to the Lijiang’s urbanization. With the establishment of the green barrier, the ecological environment will be improved, the visual landscape will be better and Lijiang will be more suitable for tourism and living. Sub-Component No 5: Water Environment Integrated Project for Puzehei Lake, Qiubei

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The project implementation will not introduce any exotic or invasive species and disappearance of endemic species because the endemic or indigenous species were selected in the project design. Simultaneously, the wetland area will be enlarged, the pollutant loads to the lake will be reduced and the water bird habitat will be expanded, which will improve the aquatic habitato. Therefore, the project construction will not destroy the regional natural ecology integrity. Sub-Component No 6: Integrated Enviornmental Rehabilitation of Panlonghe River, Wenshan Huituzai New Stone Age Site and Shique are close to the river course and the upstream soil erosion control sub-project, respectively, are targeted as the key points of concerns. At one of the soil erosion control sub-project where Shique is close to, such soil conservation activities as vegetation plantation, terracing slope farmland, etc. to improve its eco-environment; of the river course rehabilitation sub-project where Huituzai New Stone Age is located, such activities as the enforcement the dyke, cover slope with green vegetation, etc. the site ambient ecological environment will be improved. However, Higher attention has to be paid on the protection of possible impact during project construction on Huituzai cultural heritage.

9.3.3 Impact to International Waterways The international waterways related to YUEP, include the Lancangjiang (upstream of the Mekong River) and Honghe (the upstream of the Red River) water system and detailed listed in table 9.3-2.

Table 9.3-2 Impact on International Waterways

Distance of the International Sub-Component project site to Potential Impact Result Analysis waterway border Receiving water bodies of the sub-component are secondary of tertiary tributaries to the Mekong River, with main pollutants of organic matter and degradable substance (COD). The collected wastewater will be treated by WWTPs (existing one and a new ones to be constructed by local financing sources) to Lanchangjiang All sub-components About 460km be in compliance with discharging standard of Grade 1 GB Water System in Erhai Lake Basin 18918－2002 before discharging, plus, further natural decomposition along the 460 km river course would mean that this project will cause only positive impact to Lancangjiang water system, without any changes of water flow at its downstream.

Honghe Water System Panlonghe River About 90km When Panlonghe river runs out of China into Viet Nam, it is Integrated called Lujiang River. The main pollutant during construction environmental period will be SS without. There would be no any impact of this rehabilitation project on the changes of water flow After the project

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to 50-year-occourence without any change of downstream water flows. Receiving water body is the Panlonghe River. The main pollutants are SS, COD and BOD5 from collected urban sewage, which will treated by a WWTP (existing one) to be in Wenshan County compliance with Grade 1A GB 18918－2002 before Wastewater About 90km Sub-Component discharging, plus, further natural decomposition along the 90 km river course would, mean that this project will cause only positive impact to it downstream, without any changes of water flow at the downstream. Receiving water body is Chouyanghe River, a tributary of the Panlonghe River. The normal landfill operation leachate is to be sent to WWTP (to be constructed under YUEP) for treatment. Accidental leachate with the pollutants of COD, Solid Waste BOD and NH -N will be discharged to the river only at very Sub-Component in About 30km 5 3 low possibility. Even though, mitigation measures Malipo recommended by EA to such accidental discharging will be compulsorily implemented, plus 30km distance natural decomposition, these accidental leachates will not impact the downstream water quality. Receiving water body is the Xiangshuihe river, a tributary of Zaihe, another tributary of the Lujiang river, belonging to the Red River system. The normal landfill operation leachate is to be sent to WWTP (to be constructed under YUEP) for Solid Waste treatment. Accidental leachate with the pollutants of COD, Sub-Component in About 30km BOD5 and NH3-N will be discharged to the river only at very Maguan low possibility. Even though, mitigation measures recommended by EA to such accidental discharging will be compulsorily implemented, plus 30km distance natural decomposition, these accidental leachates will not impact the downstream water quality

It is indicated from above table that the implementation YUEP will not cause any changes of water flow of the said two international waterways. Furthermore, the YUEP will benefit to the improvement of downstream water quality.

9.4 ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS

One of the important components under YUEP is urban infrastructure development component (including the largest number of sub-components), which focus on obtaining environment benefits, including river/lake basins benign ecological circulation, pollutant load reduction, water quality improvement, water and soil conservation, improved ecological landscape, and improved environmental management capacity.

9.4.1 Eco-system of River/Lake Basins Approach to Benign Circulation With the implementation of YUEP, the urban infrastructure development will be extended. A scientific and reasonable urban environmental infrastructure system will be established and improved, the destruction and pollution of urbanization to the natural environment will be mitigated, and ecological environment is effectively protected. Through key basin and urban environment integrated treatment, the urban and urban point and non-point pollution will be effectively controlled, the eco-environment both at basin and urban will be

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improved, bio-diversity will be more abundant, vegetation coverage will be increased, water quality will be improved and a benign eco-system circulation will take its shape.. Through sewage, SWM, urban non-point pollution control and river integrated rehabilitation, about 54 km municipal drainage system will be rehabilitated, and the sewage collection coverage and service area will be enlarged. Total capacity of new WWTPs to be constructed under YUEP will be about 320,000 m3 per day, and the capacity of new, which is about 36% of the goals set forth in the 11th Five-Year-Plan; Total capacity of municipal solid waste management to be constructed under YUEP will be 1095 tons per day, accounting for 12% of the goals set forth in the 11th Five-Year-Plan.

9.4.2 Pollutant Load Reduction Through the implementation of wastewater and SWM sub-components, urban non-point pollution control and river integrated treatment projects implementation, pollutant load from both sewage and SW will be effectively reduced, which will not only protect the local environment but also play a key role in the downstream environment protection. Pollutant load reduction for each region is listed in table 9.4-1:

Table 9.4-1 Pollution Reduction for Each Region Pollutant Sewage Pollutant ( t/a) Municipal solid Municipal sewage waste COD BOD TN TP ( 10,000 t/a) Region 5 ( t/a) Kunming 12664 7201 160600 1095 158800 4380 Er’hai 3145 1316 1287 405 36500 1807 Lijiang 3659 2630 483 70 127750 1697 Wenshan 4683 2651 224 83 102445 3822 Total 24151 13798 162594 1653 425495 11706

9.4.3 Water Quality Improvement The project implementation will achieve objectives of pollution control, ecology restoration, purification of water bodies and enlarged water conservancy capacity. Reduction of municipal solid waste dumped to, and silt, TN and TP loads to the rivers will reduce the pollutants impact to the rivers and lakes, obviously, improve water quality of rivers and lakes. . Additionally, the village wastewater, solid waste collection and treatment/disposal sub-component in lake basin will improve rural environmental sanitation condition, benefiting to water quality, as well as the protection of drinking water sources.

9.4.4 Water and Soil Conservation Benefit The river environmental integrated rehabilitation sub-components treatment project will implement both engineering and ecological interventions, such as as re-afforestation, ecological rehabilitation, close the hillside for forest fostering, construction of sand-trap dam,

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check dam, interception ditches for runoff, irrigation channels, slope protection ecologically of lakes or rivers, and so on, in order to improve ecology, conserve water and soil, reduce surface runoff and scouring, bring serious soil erosion into control and improve farming conditions by reduced loss of soil fertility.

9.4.5 Eco-landscape Benefit With the project implementation, the city landscape will be improved, basin environmental quality will be raised and basin landscape and eco-environment will be greatly increased.

9.4.6 Increasing of Environment Management Ability Benefit With the implementation of environment monitoring and management capacity building sub-component, local EPBs will be provided with stronger technical and monitoring instrument to promote the healthy development for local environment protection assignment. The environmental accidents will be effectively prevented and the environmental risks will be reduced. And through the management and technical measures, polluting industries will bring their total pollutant load into controllable limits. .

9.4.7 Provision of a Sound Enviornmental Conditions to Local Socio-Economic Growth Through project implementation, the urban infrastructure construction will be quickened, the environmental infrastructure system will be established and improved, the contradiction between the urban development and environment issues for the basin and region will be deeply reduced, the environment quality will be improved, the water environment function will be increased, the city function will be raised and the suitable environment condition for economic and social development will be created.

9.5 SOCIAL BENEFIT

9.5.1 Increased Residents Health Level and Improved People’s Living Quality With the project implementation, the issue of poor environmental infrastructure of the project counties, basins will be solved, which will purify the water and air conditions, and eliminate the disease issues, and eventually protect the residents living environment, reduce disease rate, promote human health and raise residents living quality.

9.5.2 Increased Employment Opportunity Employment opportunity will be offered by the project both during construction and during operation. Firstly, the project construction will offer temporary employment opportunity for local residents; secondly, the project operation will offer long-term and stable

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employment opportunities to operators, technicians and managers. Thirdly, the improved investment.

9.5.3 Imporved Investment Environment and Enhanced Regional Sustainability The environmental infrastructure improvement will effectively protect historic culture heritage, protect regional eco-environment and tourism resource, create healthy living condition and investment environment, raise the city reputation, increase the land value and realize the regional sustainable development.

9.5.4 Increased Public Awareness Towards Environmental Protection The project construction is also an environment protection publicity process, with the fundamental environment protection activities; the people will feel the importance of environment protection and understand the disaster result from environment destruction. Additionally, some environmental facilities are also the environment knowledge education cases for the local people; it will be helpful for the increase of public awareness towards environment protection.

9.5.5 Imporved Flood Control Capacity The river treatment project implementation will increase the river flooding prevention ability, effectively reduce the river flooding, eliminate waster disaster potential, protect human life and property safety, reduce water disaster loss and provide safe living environment.

9.5.6 Provision Basic Data for Regional Pollution Abatement With the implementation of environment monitoring and management capacity building sub-component, the modern environment monitoring method will be achieved, and it will better serve for the regional economic construction. At the same time, the project implementation will provide basic data for pollution analysis and regional pollution treatment decisions and be helpful to regional environment management.

9.6 ECONOMIC BENEFIT

YUEP is a kind of public welfare project with no significant direct investment benefit, but with high indirect economic value and benefits as stated below. .

9.6.1 Economic benefit from Pollution Control The economic benefit will be reflected by the reduction socio- economic losses due to pollution from wastewater and solid wastes in following aspects: Industry: Reduction of the investment and operation cost for diffused sewage treatment will release enterprises from economic burden for pollution control.

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Wastes Recycle and Reuse: The nutrient of BOD、N、P and K in sewage could be transferred to the sludge cake as fertilizer; Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, and fishery: Water pollution could lead to the dreases of crops productivity, livestock products and aquatic products and eventually cause economic losses; Human health: Water pollution will raise the occurrence of water-bone disease, increase the cost on medical health care and decrease the labor productivity.

9.6.2 Eco-environment Improvement Benefit Eco-environment Improvement will effectively promote the positive cycle for eco-environment, realize regional social and economic sustainable development and increase the local financial income.

9.6.3 Tourism Development Benefit The project implementation will create healthy regional environment, protect regional tourism resource, promote local tourism development, raising tourism income and raise revenue and financial income.

9.6.4 Income Increasing Benefit With the city eco-environment improvement, the city land value will be increased, especially for the integrated treatment riversides land.

9.7 CONCLUSION

This project is a on part of phased sustainable development strategy for the improvement of the provincial environment, promotion of urbanization. It focus on the key river/water basins and key small towns urban environmental infrastructure, through the provision of such environmental facilities as wastewater collection and treatment, solid waste collection, transfer, and disposal, the implementation of integrated river rehabilitation, and wetland conservation, small lake ecological restoration and sub-catchment renovation, etc. the project will play a great role in urban infrastructure construction and eco-environment protection in the project regions, even has significant positive development impact on the socio-economic development. The project implementation will :（1）benefit to the consolidation of regional environment pollution abatement achievements, improve eco-environment quality and maintain regional eco-system balance;（2）benefit to the improvement of production and living condition for local residents and improved living quality and health level;（3）benefit to the regional fishery and tourism development through eco-environment improvement, and improved urban

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functions; （4）benefit to the promotion of urban infrastructure in YN Province, and better market-oriented management of these public facilities and the realization of self-relianced, healthy development of urban infrastructure through the introduction of overseas advanced technology and management experience,（5）benefit to driving the urbanization construction for the whole province, the promotion of sustainable economic development under sustainable environment condition. The project has therefore better environmental, social and economic benefits, in conformity with National Strategy for Western Region Development, hitting the national goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way. The project is also coincide with the aims of World Bank’s China Country Partnership Strategy.

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10 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND INFORMATION PUBLICITY

The application of Yunnan Urban Environment Construction Project (YUEP) for the World Bank loan aims to quicken environmental integrated treatment and urban environmental infrastructure construction at Kunming, Dali, Lijiang and Wenshan of Yunnan , which will help to set up conditions for banlancing economic and social development locally, as well as the urbanization development progress. The implementation of YUEP is beneficial to: (a) water environment amendment along the watersheds at urban and rural area,, (b) improvement of the ecological function as well as the beautification of the landscape, and (c) improvement of local living condition of local citizen, (d) provision of stable basis for sustainable development at relevant regions in Yunnan Province in the future. However, the construction and operation of YUEP will refer to land utilization, resettlement and probably adjustment of regional environment plan. According to the requirements of national environmental protection legislation and management regulation of China, as well as the EIA policy（OP4.01）of the World Bank (WB), the public participartion survey has been carried out during the environment assessment process, while the feedback and sugguestions from experts, management authority, as well as the project impacted regions and households were taken into consideration.

10.1 OLOGY AND APPROACH

(1) Methodolgy and approaches of Public participation The public participation survey was operated randomly, which ensures the equity and tendency and personal emotion from the investigators is greatly prevented. The public participation in the projects includes two levels, which are consolidated project level and sub-component level. The consolidated project level was organized by EIA unit and World Bank Projects Offices, and the sub-components level was organized by EIA unit for the sub-compnents and projects’ owners. These public participations will be carried out by two steps, one will be carried out when EIA Outline is drafted and the other one will be carried out when the development of first draft of EIA Report is on-going. Please refer to the table 10.1-1 and 10.1-2 for methodology and approach of the public participation and table 10.1-1A, 10.1-1B, 10.1-2A and 10.1-2B for the time table, target groups and reference material.

Table 10.1-1 Methodology and Approach of the First time Public Participation Project Name Participation Methodology Participation Approach Experts Consultation and summary of the Organized by KUST and World Bank Consolidated project EIA Outline sub-components report Projects Office Organized by Sub-components EIA Sub-components EIA Outline of YUEP Questionaire Survey Units and Projects’ Owners

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Table10.1-2 Methodology and Approach of the Second Public Participation Survey Participation SN Projects Name Participation Approach Methodology Yunnan Urban Environment Project Experts Consultation and Organized by KUST and World 0 Consolidated project EIA Outline summary of the Bank Projects Office sub-components reports Sub-components EIA Reports of YUEP EIA Report of Domestic Waste Cleaning, Transporting and Organized by Kunming Municipal 1 Symposium Treatment Sub-component in Luquan County, Kunmining. Institute Environmental Science EIA Report of Domestic Waste Cleaning, Transporting and Organized by Kunming Municipal 2 Symposium Treatment Sub-component in Songming County, Kunmining. Institute Environmental Science Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report of Domestic Waste Cleaning, Transporting and Site visit and 3 Enviromental Technique Treatment Sub-component in Xundian County Symposium Development Center EIA Report of Domestic Waste Cleaning, Transporting and Organized by Dali Prefectural 4 Symposium Treatment Sub-component in Er’Yuan County Institute Environmental Science EIA Report of Sewage Treatment Plant and Drainage System Organized by Dali Prefectural 5 Symposium at Dengchuan Town of Er’Yuan County Institute Environmental Science EIA Report of rural non-point Source Pollution Control Project Hearing Organized by Dali Prefectural 6 at Er’Yuan County Meeting Institute Environmental Science EIA Report of Integrated Water Questionaire Organized by Dali Prefectural Environment Treatment Project at Survey Institute Environmental Science Yong’an River Integrated Water EIA Report of Integrated Water Organized by Dali Prefectural Environment Environment Treatment Project at Miyi Symposium Institute Environmental Science Treatment River 7 Projects at EIA Report of Integrated Water Organized by Dali Prefectural Er’Hai Lake Environment Treatment Project at Public Hearing Institute Environmental Science Input Rivers Luoshijiang River EIA Report of Integrated Water Environment Treatment Project at Boluo Public Hearing Organized by University of Yunnan River and Cangshan Mountian 18 Brooks 8 Urban Drainage System Construction Project in Dali City Public Hearing Organized by University of Yunnan EIA Report of Sewage Treatment Plant and its Drainage Organized by Environmetal Science 9 Symposium Network including waste cut-off pipeline at Huaping County and Technology Service Center Interview EIA Report of Domestic Waste Clearing, Transporting and and Organized by Environmetal Science 10 Treatment Project in Lijiang City Questionaire and Technology Service Center Survey Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report of the Second Sewage Treatment Plant and its 11 Symposium Enviromental Science and Drainage Network at Lijiang City Technique Development Center Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report of Sewage Drainage Network Project at Yulong 12 Symposium Enviromental Science and County Technology Development Center Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report of Integrated Environmental Treatment Project at Symposium 13 Enviromental Science and Shizishan Mountian Of Lijiang and Interview Technology Development Center Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report of Integrated Environmental Treatment Project at 14 Symposium Enviromental Science and Panlong (the county town) of Wenshan County Technology Development Center Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report of Sewage Drainage Network Project at Wenshan 15 Symposium Enviromental Science and County Technology Development Center Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report of Sewage Treatment Plant and its Drainage 16 Symposium Enviromental Science and Network Sub-component at Qiubei County Technology Development Center EIA Report of Water Supply Sub-component at Qiubei Organized by Yunnan Provincial 17 Symposium County Enviromental Science and

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Technology Development Center Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report of Integrated Lake Water Environmet Treatment 18 Symposium Enviromental Science and Sub-component at Puzehei, Qiubei County Technology Development Center Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report of Domestic Waste Clearing, Transportation and 19 Interview Enviromental Science and Treatment Sub-component at Malipo County Technology Development Center Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report of Sewage Treatment Plant and its Sewage 20 Interview Enviromental Science and Drainage Network at Malipo County Technology Development Center Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report of Sewage Treatment Plant and its Drainage 21 Interview Enviromental Science and Network at Funing County Technology Development Center Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report of Domestic Waste Clearing, Transportation and 22 Symposium Enviromental Science and Treatment Sub-component at Funing County Technology Development Center Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report on Integrated River Basin Treatment 23 Symposium Enviromental Science and Sub-component at Putting River of Funing County Technology Development Center Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report on Sewage Drainage System Project at Yanshan 24 Symposium Enviromental Science and County Technology Development Center Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report onSewage Treatment Plant and its Sewage 25 Symposium Enviromental Science and Drainage System at Guangnan County Technology Development Center Organized by Yunnan Provincial EIA Report of Domestic Waste Clearing, Transportation and Symposium 26 Enviromental Science and Treatment Sub-component at Maguan County and Interview Technology Development Center Note: there are 28 sub-components all together in the Yunnan Urban Environment Project, while there are 26 listed in this table. The other two are only required to develop the environment assessment template, while the public participation is not required.

(2) Methodology and approach for information Publicity The publicity and public announcement are introduced to release the survey output and the EIA report. Considering the various situations at defferent regions among four prefectures throughout Yunnan, the relevant material information of the environmental assessment was released at major local newspapers (Kunming Spring City Daily, Dali Daily, Lijiang Daily and Wenshan Daily), and the additional notification was also posted at highly populated areas at village and township level. General public is informed about the basic information and the access to obtaining relevant information and feedback. The first draft of EIA reports of the YUEP consolidated project and its sub-components were submitted to the following units or places: Provincial Project Management Office for World Bank Loan project, local project management offices, prefectural, municipal and county EPBs, village and township committees and relevant urban communities. The general public has the access to viewing and commenting on those reports.

10.2 OUTPUT AND CONCLUSION

There are two methodologies been adopted into the first round of public participation. They are: Technical Consultation and Questionaire Survey, please refer to table13.1-1

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10.2.1 Output and Conclusion of the First Public Participation (1) Public Participation for the consolidated YUEP project The target groups of public participation for the consolidated project are professors from university, researchers, technical stuff from international consulting company, government officers and technical stuff from the projects management units. Please refer to table 10.2-1 for the main issues, response and revision to the feedback from consolidated projects’ public participation:

Table10.2-1 Output from the First Public Participation Survey for YUEP The commitment to the SN Comments and Suggestions from Public Participation comments and suggestiongs Revision of the objectives of environmental assessment, the development of EIA report should comply with both the World Bank Revision and amendaments 1 Requirement as well as the relevant national regulation and technical are completed guildline The project is focused on the urban construction in Yunnan province, These contents have been therefore, the Environment Assessment Report should be added into the EIA Outline Yunnan-prospective -oriented while considering the importantce, necessity and feasibily of the project. To be more specific, the report should calrify what is the current environment situation, what is the 2 benefit after the project is implemented, how the environment is improved. Beside that, the report should clarify whether it is environmentally feasible of selection of the project site, what is the secondary pollution and ecological impact during the implementation and operation of the project, what action should be taken and how the situation is improved. The overall outline should clarify on how to consolidate the The additional clarification 3 sub-components, how to be more specific and focused on while has been added. developping the general report The scope and content of survey should be in line with the general Revision and clarification 4 report, as they are not consistent with the ones in the general report at have been completed this moment The analysis level of the consolidated project report and the The detailed drafting outline 5 sub-component report are totally different. The consolidated project was put as World Bank report should take full consideration of the alternatives. requirement The envrionmental management monitoring plan in the report should The report development follow the requirement. outline is available according 6 to the requirement from the World Bank Supplement relevant evidence and technical guildline, revise and review supplement and review has 7 environmental impact factor selection criteria. been undertaken More review on the predicting model for lake water quality, and more revision and explaination has clarification on the approach of those prediction and the outcome been provided, as well as the 8 identification of different types of model used under different situation Review the priorities of risk assessment from different sub-compants, as Further clarification has been well as the difference of the risk assessments from general report and provided. There is a special 9 sub-component report topic on environment risk assessment included in the general report Throughout the public participation phase for the consolidated project, it is agreed by the target groups to start the construction of the project as soon as possible, and it is accepted by

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them the environmental benefits and effectiveness come along with the project implementation. However, the environment issues and the solution of them should be clarified in the EIA outline. Those suggestions and comments have been taken into serious consideration while revising the outline. (2) Public Participation for Sub-components All sub-components public participation objects incude various level people, in which the projects direct effect human group occupies 90% of the whole investigation amount. The investigated objects have various educational backgrounds, different professions, including officier, Citizens from all lence of the society are involed in this process, amongst which, 90% of them are directly impacted by the project. In terms of eduation level, there are people from different educational background involved; in terms of professions, there are government officers, teachers, students, technicians, accountants, workers and farmers with the age ranging from 18 to 70 years old. Table 10.2-2. includes the major issues addressed by the public and the response to those comments. According to the conclusion from the public survey at the sub-component level, it is supported by the public living within project impacted areas to the construction of the project. They wish the project to be constructed as soon as possible because they are not happy with the existing sewage treatment plant, the current situation of water environment of rivershed, the domestic waste treatement facility and non-point pollution at the rural areas. However, they also addressed their concern on the potential negative impacts from the implementation of the project, which include the impact from the engineering construction and operation of the project. They wish the negative impacts can be prevented at the preparation and implementation phase, while some mitigation measures should be adopted so as to achieve environment feasibility.

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Table10.2-2: The First Time Public Participation Investigation Output (Sub-components Public Participation) Population The response to those Type of the envolved Public Comments and Suggestions comments and Sub-components in the suggestions survey (1)The disgusting smell, dust and noise pollution caused during the projects construction period, could impact on living quality of local households, and it should be solved with effective measures. Water supply, drainage and (2)The local households always concern the prevention of smell and noise pollution which is These issues have been municipal sewage 910 brought by the operation of the sewage treatment plant. included in the EIA treatment (3)Late construction issue: request for avoiding construction at the late time o the night and Outline sub-components shortenning the construction time. (4)The projects construction will have impact on the air quality nearby, drinking water , farmland and landscape. (1)Construction Period: the impact includes: dust from road construction, noise from late construction and ecological environmental degradation, as well as water and land losses These issues have been Municipal solid waste from landfill construction. 510 included in the EIA treatment (2)Operation Period: Waste gas from landfill, smell from SW mid-transfer station, dust from Outline transportation, impact on water environment from leachate, sewage and washing wastewater from SW mid-transfer station and noise from landfill facilities. (1)The dusty and noise pollution, during projects construction period, could have impact on the residents living quality, and it should be solved with effective measures. (2) local households also concern about the prevention of smell and noise pollution, routine management and the effectiveness of the project throughout the operation period of the sewage treatment plant. (3) Late construction issue: request for avoiding construction at the late time o the night and shortenning the construction time. (4)Timely clean up SW, enhance environmental awareness and promotion and, ensure the water safty at Miyi River. River basin water (5)Enhance the management and treatment of river basin and suspending solid in the river, These issues have been environment integrated 589 rebuild ditches at original resource of watershed and closure of for the family drainage included in the EIA treatment system. Outline (6)Enhance the responsibility and duty-of-care from the environmental stuff. (7)Treatment for the Xizhahe River water quality and land losses are suggested so as to avoid the embedment break. (8) The dissemination on solid waste cleaning approaches such as the cleaning of suspending waste and centralized cleaning, should be enhanced among local households. (9) The local households also concern the the increase of water tarrif and the impact of farmland work. (10)The projects construction need be implemented quickly and continuously, proper treatment of the soil is necessary so as to reduce water and land losses.

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(11)The biggest concerns were on the rural solid waste treatment issue, the solid waste treatmen tarrif and the rural sewage treatment, as well as non-point source pollution at the rural area. (12) On time compensation and full payment to the households who are impact by the land utilization and removement of buildings (13)Rebuild the irrigation system, reduce the burden from farmer and make use of diches to be constructed as the transport. (14)Sewage cut-off sub-component envolves digging, river dredging and landscape construction, which will have impact on the farmland and plantation, as well as the ecological environment. At the other hand, smell from river digging will greatly affect the air quality, projects construction will also take adverse effect for the transportation. (15)Construction dust, nosie and air pollution will affect the residents; mosquito and flys will increase during the river dredging process. Construction dust, nosie and air pollution will affect the residents; mosquito and flys will These issues have been Others 200 increase during the river dredging process. Construction units is required to take effective included in the EIA measures to minimize the impact/ Outline

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10.2.2 Output and Conclusion of The Second Public Participation (1) Public Participation for the consolidated project Professors and lechturers from universities, researchers, technical staff from the international consulatating company, government officers and the technical staff from the project management units are envolved in the second public participation. The focus is on the specific clarification on the environmental issues that has been address during the first survey. Please refer to table10.2-3.for details. During the second public participation, every stakeholder has accepted the solutions to the issues addressed during the first public participation survey. They are confident on the effectiveness of the proposed mitigation measurements and environment management plan in the EIA report. Generally speaking, they think the project is feasible, the environment protect measures and environment management plan are relieable and the conclusion of environmental assessment is credible.

Table10.2-3 Output and feedback from the second Pulic Participation Survey for the Consolidated project Feedback to the suggestion SN concerns from the first public participation Survey and improvement Revision of the objectives of environmental assessment, the development of EIA the supplementary and 1 report should comply with both the World Bank Requirement as well as the revision have been updated in relevant national regulation and technical guildline the report The project is focused on the urban construction in Yunnan province, therefore, the Environment Assessment Report should be Yunnan-prospective -oriented while considering the importantce, necessity and feasibily of the project. To be more specific, the report should calrify what is the current environment situation, The answers to the issues in 2 what is the benefit after the project is implemented, how the environment is this column has been anwered improved. Beside that, the report should clarify whether it is environmentally in the report. feasible of selection of the project site, what is the secondary pollution and ecological impact during the implementation and operation of the project, what action should be taken and how the situation is improved. The contents have been sorted The overall outline should clarify on how to consolidate the sub-components, how 3 and edited in the updated to be more specific and focused on while developping the general report report The scope and content of survey should be in line with the general report, as they Revised and clarification have 4 are not consistent with the ones in the general report at this moment been updated The analysis level of the consolidated project report and the sub-component report The alternatives hava been 5 are totally different. The consolidated project report should take full consideration updated into the report of the alternatives. Completed according to the The envrionmental management monitoring plan in the report should follow the 6 requirement from the World requirement. Bank Supplement relevant references and technical guildline, revise and review Revised and review have been 7 environmental impact factor selection criteria. conducted Revision and explaination has been provided, as well as the More review on the predicting model for lake water quality, and more clarification 8 identification of different on the approach of those prediction and the outcome types of model used under different situation Further clarification has been Review the priorities of risk assessment from different sub-compants, as well as provided. There is a special 9 the difference of the risk assessments from general report and sub-component topic on environment risk report assessment included in the general report

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(2) The second and first public survey share the same target groups. The specific clarifications to the issues raised in the first survey are the key information in the report. There are some discussions with the stakeholders and on the mitigations, which are finally accepted by the public.

Table10.2-4: Output and feedback to the Second Public Participation Survey Feedback to the suggestion and Type of the Sub-components Concerns from the first public participation Survey improvement (1)Reduce construction time, introcuce the polite construction approaches and avoid (1) The air, dust and noise pollution caused during the late construction; projects construction period, could impact on living (2)Installation of sound insulationscreen for quality of local households, and it should be solved with the residents living nearby; effective measures. Equip the truck with watertank and water

spraying pipe; (2) The local households always concern the prevention Water supply, drainage and (3)Timely remediation of the impacted of air and noise pollution which is brought by the municipal sewage treatment landscape; operation of the sewage treatment plant. (4)Construct the network on different (3) Late construction issue: request for avoiding timeschedule and set up the temporary pass construction at the late time o the night and shortenning at drainage construction site; the construction time. (5)The concern of increase of water tarrif (4)The projects construction will influence the will be raised as the drainage system is in regional air, drinking water, farmland and landscape. operation. Consequently, the local management authority should conduct (1)Reduce project construction duration, introduce polite construction measures, and avoid late construction; (2) Timely remediation the impacted landscape and prevention of water and land losses; (3)Detailed planning for solid waste collection and cleaning schedule, which will be complied with in the future. (4)Prevention measurements for tank (1) Construction Phase: the impact includes: dust closure and gas leakage, strengthen the from road construction, noise from late construction and fly ,mosquito and mice killing so as to ecological environmental degradation, as well as protect human health; water and land losses from landfill construction. (5)The liner system quality and its Municipal solid waste (2) Operation Phase: Waste gas from landfill, measures of the MSW treatment facility treatment smell from SW mid-transfer station, dust from construction need be clarified in project transportation, impact on water environment from construction report; The engineering report leachate, sewage and washing wastewater from SW should identify the safeguards of quality mid-transfer station and noise from landfill facilities. control for leachate prevention during the construction of solid waste treatment facility. (6)Proper arrangement of landfill operation schedule so as to avoid noise impact; (7) The public worries about the increase of solid waste tarrif as the operatioin of treatment facility started, they require the management authority to go through the public hearing procedure on this tarrif issue. (1)The dusty and noise pollution, during projects (1)Reduce project construction duration, construction period, could have impact on the residents introduce polite construction, and avoid late River basin water living quality, and it should be solved with effective construction; environment integrated measures. The dredging, piling and transporting of treatment (2) local households also concern about the prevention sluge has impact on the citizens in terms of of smell and noise pollution, routine management and smell and fly ash. The measurement of air

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the effectiveness of the project throughout the operation pollution control and fly ash control should period of the sewage treatment plant. be clarified in the report. (3) Late construction issue: request for avoiding (3)The necessary temporary road, closed to construction at the late time o the night and school, hospital and other sensitive shortenning the construction time. regions, need be built, and public could (4)Timely clean up SW, enhance environmental communicate with construction unit on awareness and promotion and, ensure the water safty their concerned environmental issues; The at Miyi River. project site which is close to the school, (5)Enhance the management and treatment of river hospital should be constructed with basin and suspending solid in the river, rebuild ditches temporary path and sign post to inform at original resource of watershed and closure of for the public. At the time the telephone hotline family drainage system. shoud be adopted so the public could have (6)Enhance the responsibility and duty-of-care from the access to comment and monitoring of the environmental stuff. project (7)Treatment for the Xizhahe River water quality and (4) the integrated engineering management land losses are suggested so as to avoid the embedment on rivershed should be implemented break. strictly in line with the environment (8) The dissemination on solid waste cleaning management plan and monitoring plan. approaches such as the cleaning of suspending waste (5) Immigation plan is coordinated with and centralized cleaning, should be enhanced among urban social development plan and the local households. comments from immigrant are taken into (9) The local households also concern the the increase full consideration. A detailed compensation of water tarrif and the impact of farmland work. procedure is developed and it will be used (10)The projects construction need be implemented in the construction process, please refer to quickly and continuously, proper treatment of the soil is the Social Impact Assessment Report for necessary so as to reduce water and land losses. details. (11)The biggest concerns were on the rural solid waste (6)Enhance healthy management by treatment issue, the solid waste treatmen tarrif and the pesticides and mice clearance. rural sewage treatment, as well as non-point source (7)Timely remediation of impacted regional pollution at the rural area. landscape. (12) On time compensation and full payment to the households who are impact by the land utilization and removement of buildings (13)Rebuild the irrigation system, reduce the burden from farmer and make use of diches to be constructed as the transport. (14)Sewage blocking project digging, river dredging and landscape construction will influence the farmland and plantation, improve the ecological environment, fetor gas from river digging will greatly affect the general living, projects construction will also take adverse effect for the transportation. (15)Construction dust, nosie and air pollution will affect the residents; mosquito and flys will increase during the river dredging process. There should be a detailed time schedule for solid waste collection, transportation Construction dust, nosie and air pollution will affect the and it should be followed by every unit. residents; mosquito and flys will increase during the The transporting truck should be equipped Others river dredging process. Construction units is required to with closed tank and gas leachade take effective measures to minimize the impact/ resistance system. The health issue of local citizen should be guaranteed by cleaner environment. After the second public participation, the feedback to the public concerns is available, the general public holds a positive opinion on the implementation of the project, thinking that with the commitment of every measurement, the local environment can be greatly improved and the local citizen can benefit from it. They wish the project could be started as soon as possible, so the environment and social benefits can be achieved soon.

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10.2.3 Output and Conclusion of Information Publicity The consolidated project report (draft) is completed by Oct. 15, 2007 after the completion of EIA reports from each sub-component. The dissemination and publicity affairs will be released in Spring City Daily and the website of Yunnan provincial Environmental Protection Bureau. The EIA report from each sub-component has been released on the most popular newspaper at local level for information publicity and collection of feedback. The local EIA institues, project owners and each local PMO are responsible for the information publicity at local level. Please refer to table 10.2.3-1 for the information publicity material.

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11 RESETTLEMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT

11.1 OVERVIEW

YUEP is composed of two types and four parts, i.e. water pollution prevention and control within key lake basins (Dianchi Lake and Erhai Lake) and urban infrastructure development in key prefecture or municipality (Lijiang Municipality and Wenshan Prefecture), involving water supply, drainage and municipal wastewater treatment, domestic solid waste collection and disposal, integrated river way renovation, non-point source pollution control, environment monitoring and management, and cultural heritage preservation etc, with 28 subcomponents within 1715counties in the municipalities of Kunming and Lijiang and prefectures of Dali and Wenshan respectively. YUEP provincial leading group office and the municipal and prefecture leading group offices are the performing institute of the project, and the PMOs at municipality and prefecture level are the project implementation institutes. With the assistance from the East China Investigation Design Institute(ECIDI), Guope Huit Consultants of France and the World Bank’s team, a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) has been prepared by the Yunnan provincial PMO for the prefectures and municipalities respectively and then a consolidated RAP prepared separately, based on the updated feasibility studies and detailed social-economic suvey and impact investigations.

11.2 PROJECT IMPACT

With the assistance from local governments, administration villages, village group leaders and villagers and the DIs, and based on a preliminary proposal of land requisition and treatment scope, the physical items such as the number of project affected persons (PAP), buildings and affiliated factilites, land and special factilities etc were surveyed by IAs together with ECIDI from November 2006 to January 2007, one by one. Re-investigation was maded on those physical items from April to July 2007 based on the updated feasibility studies. On the basis of field survey or investigation, the communication was made between ECIDI and IAs and DIs, with the purpose of that the design of subcomponents could be optimized through comparation of options by considering the social-economic impact produced potentially on local areas. In order to possibly reduce land requisition and resettlement, DIs and project owner have adopted some effective measures to avoid residential areas and reduce the farmland occupation, and in compliance with local planning and governments’ suggestions when select scheme and deploy the matching facilities. YUEP will impact 17 counties (municipalities), 30 towns (townships) and 49 administration villages with 6587 people in 1554 households, in which, 5338 people in 1240 households will be impacted by land requisition; 958 people in 250 households will be affected by

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temporary land occupation, and 5 people of 1 household will be interfered by land rent. Besides, the project construction will also impact 807 people in 26 enterprises and government units and 392people in 130 private companies. According to the detailed impact investigation, the project will permanently requisition 4618.44mu of land, including farmland1733.3mu, garden land 45mu, fish-pond 32.6mu, water pond 138.06mu and woodland 466.2mu. and construction land 1709.08mu and others are undeveloped land. Besides the land requisition, 3 of the subcomponents will conduct building demolition, and impact 80721.81 m2 building, including 13669.3 m2 private building in which 10357.1 m2 belonged to country residents building, 3312.2 m2 urban residents building and 67052.51 m2 collectivity building. 286 people of 63 household will involve with house demolition and move, among which 72 people of 15 households are necessary to resettled and 214 people of 48 households, will move back to the reconstructures on the former sites. Other impacts of the project will be the specific facilities of telecommunication and electric power, tomb and cash forestry.

11.3 POLICY STRUCTURE AND DESERVED RIGHT

For the inevitably PAP, based on the , and and the regulations of World Bank OP4.12 and BP4.12 and the annex, the resettlement policy objective of the project is to greatly avoid the negative impact by land requisition and resettlement. And the property of the PAP will be compensated according to the resettlement cost and will be offered sufficient opportunities to resume to or exceed the previous living standard. The main principles are as following: Main policy principle includes:⑴ Measures to minimize the negative impact of resettlement should be adopete; ⑵ The conpensation and resettlement program shall be able to improve the living standard or at least able to resume to the previous level for the displaced persons; ⑶ Displace persons should be meaningfully consulted and should have opportunities to participate in planning and implementing resettlement programs; ⑷ The impacted property will be compensated according to complete resettlement cost; ⑸ Try to keep the principle of resettlement does not occur before necessary measures for resettlement are in place. The conpensation will be fully paid to displaced persons before land requisition, which means land requisition will proceed only after the payment of compensation, or resettlement places and subsidy have been offered ; ⑹ Borrower will be responsible for raising resettlement compensation fund, including the miscellaneous fee; ⑺ PAP qualification identificaiton. The PAP qualification identification deadline standard is the notice releasing date. PAP should not newly construct, expand or rebuild their building since the notice releasing date; No change of the use of house and land; no leasing out land nor rent or trade buildings. And

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people moving to the place after the deadline will not be qualified as PAP for compensation. ⑻Building conpensation will be paid based on the reconstruction cost.

11.4 LAND AND BUILDING CONPENSATION STANDARD

Based on the relevant regulations of , “the requisited vegetable land and paddy field will be compensated as 8-10times of the previous 3years average production value (same to the belows), irrigable land, garden-land and lotus pond in 7 to 9 times, drought field in 6 to 8times, fallow in 6 times and grassland in 3 to5 times for conpensation. The resettlement conpensation standard by land requisition is: (1) The land requisition of farmland over 666．7m2 per person will be subsidied in 4 times of the previous 3 years annual production value of the requsitioned farmland; for farmland less than 666．7m2 per capita, for every 50m2 reduction of the farmland the subsidy will be doubled by the annual production value; and the miximum subsidy will not exceed 15 times of the average production values in the last 3 years; (2) The subsidy for garden-land and lotus pond requicition will be 6 times of the production value;(3) The subsidy for fish pond requisition will be 4 times of the production value”. Based on the land requisition compensation policies from counties and towns, Songming County of Kunming Municipality, the Old Town District of Lijiang Municipality and Ninglang County adopt district integrated price, and the other counties all follow the annual production value from previous 3 years for calculation. Because of the difference in geographic locations and crop products benefit, the the conpensation for various lands is differentied, in which the paddy field is RMB12,880~88,450 Yuan per mu, dry field is RMB 10,380~29,858 Yuan per mu and forestry land is RMB 4,900~9,360 Yuan per mu. The temporay land occupation conpensation will be paid by the sum of three items of one year loss of the farmland, seedling fee and land re-cultivation fee. In the signed contract between PMOs and contractors which will be definitely described the temporay land use method, restoration requirement and the temporay land occupation conpensation payment by the contractors. The contractors will sign the compensation contract with the affected villages and then settle the payment. The temporarily occupied land will be rehabilitated by the contractors, or pay extra fees to the land owners for rehabilitation. Resettlement should be avoided during the project feasibility study adjustment period. For the inevitable PAP, the strategy of resettlement is to change the damaged building, land, other property, and infrastructure and income source. Only 3 out of the 30 subcomponents of YUEP involve building demolition and resettlement, i.e. Lion Mt. environmental renovation in old town of Lijiang, urban drainage system in Dali and municipal solid waste (MSW) collection, transfer and disposal in Fu’ning County. There are two resettlement solutions to demolish the unsuitable buildings in the Lion Mt. environmental renovation subcomponent of Lijiang , (1) Demolition of the unsuitable buildings and construction of the suitable one at the original site, and construction compensation for the affected households will be: reinforced concrete structure building 494.71RMB per m2, and brick building 367.9 RMB

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per m2 and earthbrick and timber building 276.81 RMB per m2; (2) For the relocated household, one-off cash compensation will be paid by RMB 600,000 Yuan per Mu for house building base land. The urban drainage system project for Dali will only impact the collective easy house, which will be compensated by 100 RMB per m2. And the municipal solid waste (MSW) collection, transfer and disposal in Fu’ning County will have brick building demolition; which will be compensated by 350RMB per m2. YEPB and each project subcomponent owner will ensure the PAP entitled rights satisfied before the building demolition and level off land. The land conpensation fee and resettlement subsidy will be paid to the impacted village and individuals. Compensations for building and seedling and other property will be directely paid to the affected individuals or working unit. And the specific conpensation on infrastructures of electric power, telecommunication and etc will be paid to relevant departments for rehabilitation.

11.5 RESTORATION MEASURES OF INCOME AND BUILDING

All PAP should be able to continue their livelihood of farming or occupations. In the 36 administration villages involving of land requisition, 32 of which only have 5% of the total land affected, and 26 of which have only 1% of the total land affected, and their agriculture income would not be impacted too much. After a meaningful consultation with all PAP and representatives of villagers, rational restoration programs have been prepared for these affected villages, which have been included in RAP specifically. According to RAP, PAP either will receive direct compensation fee, or recover land by adjustment of remaining land from the village or other villagers in order to secure land for all farmers to make a living. Villages where adopted land adjustment measures will use the compensation fee to improve planting conditions, grow cash plants, and proceed with non-agriculture activities. In the process of engineering construction, the contractors will favorably assign some nontechnical work to the affected household. The project implementation will bring welfare and economic development opportunity for most of the local residents. PAP will be improved the production and living conditions with the effective implementation of resettlement program. From the 286 PAP in the 63 affected households, 72 persons of 15 households will have to relocated, in which 28 persons of 5 households are rural residents, who will receive the one-off cash compensation, and rebuild house on the village remaining construction land (outside the project construction site); 44 PAP of 10 households are urban residents, and they will receive the one-off cash compensation and relocation to a place west to the fishing pond of the Construction Bank of China on Shangrila Road of Old Town District of Lijiang.(The place is as big as 60 Mu of land, all belongs to national construction use land.) The construction land area reallocated to each affected households will be at the proportion of 1:1.2 of the previous site area, which will be an opportunity for the affected households to improve to a better housing condition. The affected households which owned shops before

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will be considered firstly of in the relocation place and the buildings will be compensated according to reconstruction cost.

11.6 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT

Yunnan urban environment construction project management office will cooperate with each prefecture project office to request the project owner for serious implementation in its project land requicision and demolition. The entire project impacted prefectures and counties will establish leading team and demolition office. Each sub-project owner will be responsible for PAP consulting, implementation and paying conpensation for the relevant residents

11.7 VULNERABLE GROUPS

The affected villages are all Han nationality villages in Kunming Municipality, and Bai and Yi nationality villages in Dali Prefecture. In Lijiang Municipality it includes Naxi, Bai and Yi nationalities and Zhuang nationality in Wenshan Prefecture. In all the PAP, minority nationality people occupied 53% of the total. In order to respect their orginal living custom and keeping their social relationship, the PAP will be resettled in their villages. The economically vulnerlbe goups, including solitary old people, household support by woman and the extremely poor household, the project will supply extra finance and material for assistance. The vulnerable persons involved in the resettlement will access to extra aid based on RAP, which include: (i) Free assisstence for reconstruction and relocation; (ii) Extra allowance to maintain the living standard in during reconstruction; and the exact allowance amount will be identified according to the reality and people’s need. Each subcomponent office and the owner agree to provide 1% of the consolidated resettlement fee, which is RMB 820,1000Yuan as a special fund for assistance to those vulnerable persons.

11.8 APPEAL MECHANISM

Displaced persons will have the opportunity to select house building site; and displaced persons of farmland will have chance to consider the proper income substitutional optons. All villagers have their voice on decidion making of how to use the collective compensation fund. Any dispute in resettlement can be primarily informed to the village community or the township resettlement office orally or in written by PAP. If the appeal was not answered in two weeks, PAP should submit it to the county resettlement office within one month. If there’s no solution in two weeks time, PMOs at municipal and prefecture level should coordinate the subcomponent implementing agency to reach an agreement. The dispute could be finally settled by appealing to court-leet according to the , if necessary.

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11.9 MONITORING AND EVALUATION (M&E)

The detailes of interior and exterior M&E have been described in RAP. The Provincial PMO will engage independent monitoring institute for exterior M&E. The institute will evaluate that to what degree the PAP has: (i) Received their entitled right and benefit; (ii) Fully recovered their livelyhood, income and living standard. A baseline survey will be carried out prior to the resettlment, and a survey for every half year will be continued during the resettlement period and an annual followup survey will be operated in 2 years after the completion of resettlement. PMO of YUEP is establishing an seasonal report system, which will be applied for reporting the progress of the land requicition and resettlement to WB. PMO will also submit the independent M&E report to WB, with one or two edition annually during the period of resettlement.

11.10 FINANCING AND IMPLEMENTATION PLANNING

The total budget estimation on resettlement is RMB 313,039,900Yuan (Including tax), accounts for 11.7% of the project total investment, in which RMB 14,901,100 for Kunming (4.76%)， RMB 44,820,400Yuan for Dali (14.32%), RMB 222,393,100Yuan for Lijiang (71.04%) and RMB30,925,400Yuan for Wenshang (9.88%). And RMB 71,144,400Yuan for land requicision (25.5%) and RMB150, 016,000Yuan for buildings (53.7%), including compensation budget, relocation subsidy, compensation on house and other property, allowance to the vulnerable groups, implementation management fee and M&E cost. Each project municipality / prefecture government will ensure the availability of budget on resettlement to avoid any finance shortage in the resettlement process. The resettlement implementation progress schedule has been prepared based on the agreement of the project implementation schedule between IAs and WB. And the land requicision will commence by the end of 2007 and complete in Jan, 2008. Relocation will be processed from Apr. to Dec. 2007, and farmand adjustment will be done in Dec, 2007.

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12 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

12.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

12.1.1 Environmental Management Administrative System According to and , this project’s EIA report will be approved by Yunnan Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau (YEPB). As the environmental management organization, YEPB will coordinate environment management work among various departments and organize the check for acceptance of environmental facilities as required in the EIA report. Yunnan World Bank Project Office will conduct project planning, design, supervision and will organize the relevant training for the staff. Each prefecture project office and EPB is responsible for project implementation and compliance with technical standards. The construction unit need set up environment protection department to conduct environmental management and monitoring for project, implement environmental protection regulations and planning, review the implementation of environmental protection measures, popularize advanced technology and experience in environmental protection and organize relevant environmental protection training for the staff. Because of the great differences in environment management between project construction and operation stages, the construction unit need establish its specific management departments for these two stages. The management department for construction stage will be removed as this stage finishes and the organization chart is shown in figure 12.1-1.

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SEPA WBED

YEPB WBLPO

Wenshan EPB Wenshan Kunmin Wenshan PO Wenshan Kunmin Li Li Dali EPB j Dali PO ian j ian g g g EPB g PO

EPB PO

En-su Construction contractor Prefecture EMS* Prefecture Prefecture EMS* Prefecture EIA develo Pro p

ervision En desi j ect owner owner ect

g ner p

er g ineer

Supervisor Management Departments Implementer

Note: * EMS = Environmental Monitoring Station

Figure 12.1-1 Organization Chart

12.1.2 Supervision of Environmental Managemen The environmental management institutions for the project include SEPA, YEPB and EPBs at level of project prefecture/municipality. The supervision are divided in following periods: A. Feasibility study stage

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The environmetal supervision and management are executed by SEPA, YEPB and EPBs at level of project prefecture/municipality. SEPA is the toppest administration department for administrating environmental affairs and law enforcement in the country. It is responsible for overall environmental management of the project, review of Terms of Reference (ToR) for environmental assessment, approval of EIA report, providing guidance for YEPB and EPBs at level of project prefecture/municipality to implement all environmental protection laws and regulations and acceptance of environmental protection facilities constructed.in the Project. YEPB is responsible for supervision and management of environmental protection for the project, organizing and coordinating relelvant institutions to provide service for environment protection related to the Project, supervising the implementation of environmental plans for the project, acceptance of acceptance of environmental protection facilities constructed.in the Project and providing guidance for EPBs at level of project prefecture/municipality to carry out environmental supervision and management during construction and operation.. B. Design stage PPMO is responsible for the environmental supervision at this stage, while it should be supervised by the construction bureaus at levels of project prefecture/municipality and county. C. Construction period YEPB will mainly be responsible for environmetal supervision during this period. Guided by YEPB, the EPBs at levels of project prefecture/municipality and countys.will carry out supervision for IAs to implement environmental plan, environmental management laws and regulations, make coordination between different sectors on environmental protection, and be responsible for inspection, supervision and management of construction, acceptance and operation of environmental protection facilities. D. Operation period YEPB, EPBs at levels of project prefecture/municipality and the authority of project will be responsible for environmetal supervision in this period. The local engineering management department is responsible for the implement of the environment protection laws and rules, make environment protection regulations and supervise its implement, understand engineer environment situation, make environment quality control aims which is easy to assess, give management measures, and report to the high department, organize environment protection persons to take training, make environment protection communication activities and academic study. E. Environmental monitoring during construction and operation will be carried out by environmental monitoring stations at level of prefecture/municipality. Afer completion of

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subcomponents, an environmental management division with professional staff will be established to mangae the environment protaction:

Table 12.1-1: Project Environmental Protection Supervision Plan Period organizations Supervision contents Supervision aims: (i) check environment assess outline (a) ensure the content is (ii) check environment influence report complete ,special topic is suitable (iii) check EAP and the key point is outstanding (b) ensure the project’s important Feasibility SEPA and potential problems are Study YEPB involved in. (c) ensure the plans for reducing the environment influence can be effectively carried out (i) examine environment protection’s (a) implement the “3 things” strictly design and EAP (b) ensure to meet environment (ii) examine the resume of soil, plant protection’s demands. and environment when occupying in (c) reduce the influence of construction period construction to the suburbs and (iii) examine dust and noise pollution implement the relative laws and control measure, decide construction rules. time. (d) reduce the influence of SEPA (iv) examine air pollution situation construction to the suburbs and Design and YEPB (v) examine life sewage in construction implement the relative laws and construction Local EPBs site and dirty oil’s drainage and rules.

treatment. (e) ensure the inside water’s quality (vi) examine the resume and treatment can’t be polluted. of the soil field. (f) ensure the natural scenes and soil (vii) examine silty’s treatment resource aren’t destroyed and (viii) examine if it contain cultural relics prevent water’s loss (g) ensure silty’s treatment (h) ensure cultural relics aren’t destroyed. (i) check the implement of EAP in (a) put EAP into effect. operation period (b) put monitor plans into effect. (ii) check the implement of supervision (c) protect the environment plans； (d) strengthen environment (iii) check the necessity of further management, protect people’s environment protection measures. health. YEPB (e) ensure the sewage of the operation (iv) check environmental quality of Local EPBs environment’s sensitiveness to see if pollution can meet the sewasge it meet the relative quality standard standard. requirement. (v) strengthen supervision, prevent accident and make urgency treatment in adance to prevent and solve the danger.

12.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

12.2.1 Environmental Monitoring Organization The environmental monitoring in both construction and operation stages is undertaken by prefecture or municipal Environmental Monitoring Station in project area. All the monitoring stations are able to conduct national-level certification of environmental quality

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monitoring, and their complete equipments and strong technical ability would ensure the quality of environment monitoring. Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) establishes water quality testing lab to test the inflow and outflow water quality to meet daily monitoring requirements.

Table 12.2-1 Equipment List for Water Testing lab at WWTP No. Equipment Name Technical Specification Unit Amount 1 Pressure Sensor Testing Limitation:0～100Kpa, Unit 5 Differential Pressure 2 Testing Limitation:0～1500m3/h, Unit 4 Transmitter 3 Flow meter Testing Limitation:0～2000m3/h, Set 2 Intelligent Ultrasonic 4 Testing Limitation:0～10m Set 16 Wave Level Meter 5 PH Analyzer Set 2 6 DO Analyzer Set 4 7 Servo Amplifier Unit 4 8 Current Transducer Unit 6 9 HSS Analyzer Unit 1 Industrial IPC Operation Bridge, Monitor, I/O Terminal Station, 10 DCS Control System Series 1 Printer, Application software PLC Controller DI=300 Do=60 AI=100 Ao=16 Unit 2 11 Simulation Screen H×W×D=200×4000×100mm Set 1 12 Service Box 20 loop，1A Unit 4 13 PLC Control Cabinet Site Control Station Unit 2 14 Potable DO Meter Set 1 Potable Sludge 15 Concentration Set 1 Detector 16 Potable pH Meter Set 1 Outflow Phosphate 17 0-50mg/l Set 1 Detector Outflow NH -N 18 4 0-100mg/l Set 1 Detector Outflow COD 19 0-100mg/l Set 1 Detector Suspended Sludge 20 concentration 0-10g/l Set 1 Detector 21 DO Analyzer Testing Limitation:0~10ppm Set 1 22 Video Camera 460 line,24VAC Unit 6 Hard disk Video 23 16 rountine,220VAC Unit 1 Recorder 24 Operation Floor Unit 1

12.2.2 Implementation of Environmental Monitoring According to prediction result of environmental impact, the sites with potentially obvious pollution will be identified as sites for pollution monitoring during construction and operation stages. Noise, air and surface water environment are the main monitoring contents and the monitoring factors should be identified according to project pollution characteristics. The monitoring method will fully conform to

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Environmental Monitoring> formulated by SEPA, and the assessment standard will be national standard identified in EIA for each sub-project. According to engineering and environmental features of each sub-project, environmental monitoring content for both construction and operation stages is listed in Table12.2-2 to 12.2-4。

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Table 12.2-2 Environmental Monitoring Plan for Water Supply & Drainage, Waste Water Treatment Projects Monitor Responsible Supervision Sub-proje Monitoring Monitor ing Monitor Site Monitoring Item Monitoring Frequency Organizatio Organizatio ct Period Organization Medium n n residential area close to construction site, area 1period/2months, 2days/period, 2 Air TSP Constructio close to construction times/day n road Boundary of Irregular, and one time each for Noise Leq Construction site both daytime and night per day 1period/season,2days/period,4times Air Boundary of operation NH 、H S 3 2 /day 500m upstream of discharge outlet, CODMn、 one period for each April, July, discharge outlet and BOD5、NH3-N、 Dec, one time for high, low and section at 500m Prefecture WWTP TP、Oil middle tide each for every period Prefecture downstream of (Municipal) and its (Municipal) Project discharge outlet EPB and sewage Surface Environmental Owner discharge outlet of identified by the Irregular(No less than one time per Project pipeline Water Monitoring Station major polluter sewer features month Office Operation pH、SS、 CODcr、Oil、 Collecting well and 1time/day, and establishment of BOD5、NH3-N、 outlet of WWTP -3 auto online monitoring meter PO4 -P、Sewer volume Operation area and 1period/season, 2days/period, one Noise boundary of pump Leq time each for both daytime and station night per day As, Ph, Cr, Cu, Section of discharge Sediment Zn,Hg, Organic one time/year outlet Matter

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Table 12.2-3 Environmental Monitoring Plan for Overall River Water Environment Regulation Projects Responsi Supervisio Monitori Monitor Sub-proje Monitor ble n ng ing Monitoring Site Monitoring Item Monitoring Frequency ct Organization Organizat Organizati Period Medium ion on residential area close to 1period/2months, 2days/period, Air construction site, TSP 2times/day area close to construction road Boundary of Irregular and one time each for Construct Noise Leq ion Construction site both daytime and night per day CODMn 、 BOD5 、 Surface 500m upstream of 1period/month, 1dau/period, NH -N 、 TN 、 Water construction river 3 2times/day TP、Oil As, Ph, Cr, Cu, Sedime Zn,Hg, Organic 1time/year nt Overall Matter Prefecture Prefecture Water Boundary of 1period/season, 2days/period, Air NH3、H2S (Municipal )Enviro (Municipal ) Environme operation 4times/day Constructi nmental EPB and ntal CODMn 、 BOD5 、 Each period for annual April, July, on Owner 500m upstream of Monitoring Project Regulation NH -N 、 TN 、 Dec, and 1day/period and construction river 3 Station Office Project TP、Oil 2times/day Discharge outlet of Identified by sewer Irregular(No less than 1time per Surface major polluter features month Water PH 、 SS 、 Operation CODcr 、 Oil 、 Collecting well of BOD5 、 NH3-N 、 1time/season pump station -3 PO4 -P 、 Sewage volume operation area and 1period/season, 2days/period, Noise boundary of pump Leq one time each for both daytime station and night per day Sedime As, Ph, Cr, Cu, 1time/year nt Zn,Hg, Organic

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Table 12.2-4 Environmental Monitoring Plan for MSW Cleaning and Disposal Projects Responsi Monitori Monitori Supervision Sub-proj Monitoring Monitoring ble ng ng Monitoring Site Monitoring Item Organizatio ect Frequency Organization Organiza Period Medium n tion 1time before construction, 1period /2 Downwind of site and 个 months, Air TSP working area 2days/period and 2times/day during Prefecture Construc construction (Municipal )En Contracto tion vironmental 1time before r construction, and Monitoring 1day monthly in one Station Noise Working area and boundary Leq time each for both daytime and night per day during construction MSW 1time/days, Prefecture Cleaning Leachat Sewer volume、CODcr、 establishment of flow Inlet and outlet of WWTP (Municipal) and e 、、 meter and COD TP NH4-NO3 pH SS cr EPB and Disposal online meter Project Office Project 1period/season, Operatio Downwind of site and Air TSP、H S、NH 2days/period, n working area 2 3 times/day Prefecture Identified by standard Ground (Municipal )En Monitoring Well requirement of 1time/month Constructi Water vironmental GB/T14848 on Owner Monitoring Noise Boundary of Operation Leq 1time/season Station 1time/days, Leachat Sewer volume、CODcr、 establishment of flow Inlet and outlet of WWTP e TP、NH4-NO3、pH、SS meter and CODcr Closure online meter Each time in annual Ground Identified by standard Monitoring Well flood, drought and Water requirement of GB/T14848 middle season

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12.3 TRAINING PLAN

The main target group of environmental capacity building are environmental management personnel and environmental supervisor. The training to them is one of project’s technical assistance components. All relevant construction and operation units and construction supervisors must participate in environment, health and safety training before the project construction starts.

12.3.1 Environmental Management Personnel and Environmental Supervisor The training will be organized by Provincial Project Office for environmental managers from prefecture project offices and staff working on sub-project one year before construction starts, and the training will be implemented by environmental technical experts..

Table 12.3-1 Training for Environmental Manger and Environmental Supervisor

Training Item Training Content Duration

Quick learning of Office software of Word, Excel and PowerPoint; Study on World Bank Safety Polity; Operation Ability (Environmental Learning strengthened to define detailed environmental protection Manager and Environmental requirements for project owner, which includes monitoring 4 Days Supervisor) requirements Study on project environment impact and the required items for environmental monitoring Compliant Supervision (Environment Training for site monitoring procedure, including organization, Manager and Environmental communication, role, responsibility and decision making, reporting 1 Day Supervisor) and standardized observation procedure. Identification of site hazardous material Potential leakage and overflow Emergency Team (Environmental Impact on environment and human by leakage and overflow Manager and Environmental 1/2 Days Emergency reaction, including priority reaction Supervisor) Location and usage of emergency facilities Communication and reporting facilities Emergency Aid and Medical Aid Searching for medical aid in case of both emergency and (Environmental Manager and non-emergency, and other relevant medical aid (e.g. long-distance call, 1/2 Days Environmental Supervisor) medical consultation). Proper use and storage Proper use includes proper fuel injection, usage amount calculation and Hazardous Material and Wastes effective use of equipment Management, including disposal of Proper disposal of used storage tank explosive material (Environmental 1/2 Days Storage of hazardous wastes Manager and Environmental Storage of non-hazardous wastes Supervisor) Medical issues of exposure in hazardous wastes Emergency response Health and safety issues Health and Safety Check and Claim Health and safety requirement (Environmental Manager and 1 Day How to conduct health and safety check Environmental Supervisor) Reporting and problem solving Traffic rule Transportation Safety (Environmental Safe driving training Manager and Environmental Vehicle repair and maintenance 1/2 Days Supervisor) Fuel injection Emergency response Water quality, Air and Noise equipment usage, standard, testing, method, sample transportation and 1/2Days

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Training Item Training Content Duration

Monitoring and analysis data quality control (Environment Manager and Monitor and report requirement Environmental Supervisor)

12.3.2 Construction Unit and Worker Prefecture Project Office or sub-project’s owner will organize training for construction workers at project site before construction starts, which could be implemented by environmental management specialist or trained environmental manager. The training for construction workers is shown in table12.3-2.

Table 12.3-2 Construction Worker Training Training Training item Training Content Period Introduction of relevant environmental impact factors and environmental protection measures Introduction of environmentally sensitive area and issues General Introduction of adjacent area of construction site environmental The duty of environmental management designer, environmental supervisor and Half day on knowledge for construction supervisor and reporting of environment issues each site construction worker Wastes management at construction encampment and site Pollution control measure at construction site Cultural heritage issue Punishment and penalty for non-compliance Prevention of HIV/AIDS and STD Temperance and drug forbidden General health and Searching for medical aid in case of emergency and non-emergency, and other safety knowledge relevant medical aid (e.g. STD test and consultation). Half day on for construction Common sense of health and safety, including transportation safety, electricity each site worker use safety, explosion, fire and hazardous waste management Usage of personal protection equipment Penalty for non-compliance

12.3.3 Operators

Table12.3-3 training for operator’s environment management persons

objectives Training contents: Training duration:

World Bank project management procedures Environment information publishment, communication and report Environment mechanism. hold one-day’s Management Environment risk emergency study in Kunming persons Health and safety inspection and application process inspection on Inspection on advanced technics and environment advanced project equipment’s usage includes standard, texts, methods, sample transferring, data control and report requirement; Environment Risk emergency measures: potential leak, the environment and person hold two-day’s workers influence of the leaking, emergency reaction process contains priority study in Kunming reaction, the location and employment of the reaction’s equipment.

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12.3.4 Training and its Budget Budget for the EMP implementation capcity building is shown in 12.3-4。 Table 12.3-4 Project Environment Protection Persons’ Training Plans for Subcomponents Fare (10000 period items person time yuan) Environment manager trainings 5 year 08 10 Project manage correspendent 50 Year 08 50 Constructi Environment supervision Before project 33 33 on period engineers begins Construction workers All workers Before implements 33 subtotal training for enterprise Before enterprise’s 49 98 environment management persons operation Risk emergency treatment Before enterprise’s Operation 23 23 persons of enterprise environment operation period training for enterprise Before enterprise’s several 40 environment workers operation subtotal 161 The total 315

12.4 ESTIMATION OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT EXPENSES AND RESOURCE

12.4.1 Budget Distribution: The implement of the EMP measures involved in many units, thus the fund resources are different. And most environment protection activities are project measures. Therefore, the fund should be offered by project construction unit and operation unit, and reckon it in the costs. The costs will be list in the bidding notification. The fund of EMP mainly used in the environment management in construction period and operation period. It mainly contains: environment supervision expense, environment monitor expense, personnel training expense and environment management organization expense, part of them may include the risk prevention fares. EMC’ activities will be covered by the national project management funds of PMO and PIUs, water , air and noise control, like CSEE and EFSI. CSEE’s monitor and activities are part of the expenses. Local monitor unit do as the project owener’s requirement to monitor the water noise in the project operation, this part of expense offered by the IAs themselves. If the local environment department ‘s regular monitor is at the same step with our project, it can use the regular monitor data of environment protaction department.

12.4.2 Budget of EMP and Fund Resource Table 12.4-1 is the esptimated total expense of sub-project in construction period and operation period In order to ensure the allocation of budget from time to time, according to the implementation schedule of each sub-component, a part of contract value is to be reserved a deposite to force the contractors and POs or IAs to take actions to implement mitigation measures recommended by individual EIAs. The percentage of such deposit from the contact value is to be defined, shown in Table 12.4-2.

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Tatal 12.4-1 budget for environment management of subcomponents Average cost per year during construction Average cost per year during operation Sum of (10000RMB) (10000RMB) Personnel Sum during Person operation Code Subcomponents The implement of PMU The implement of PMU Total Environ. Environ. training construction Environ. training for 3 Communi- Business Communi- salary Business monitoring supervision salary monitoring years cation cation Water pollution monitor and KM1 environment 3.6 1 0.6 0 0 1 6.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2 support systems in DianChi City life rubbish KM2 disposition 7.2 3 1.2 1.525 5 4 39.85 10.8 6 1.2 6.477 7 80.431 120.281 project in luQuan City life rubbish disposition KM3 7.2 3 1.2 1.46 5 4 39.72 10.8 6 1.2 4.077 7 73.231 112.951 project in Songming. City life rubbish disposition KM4 7.2 3 1.2 1.525 5 4 39.85 10.8 6 1.2 6.477 7 80.431 120.281 project in Xundian City life rubbish DL1 disposition 7.2 3 2 1.525 5 4 41.45 10.8 6 2 6.477 7 82.831 124.281 project in Eryuan water-pollution plants in Dun DL2 3.6 2 1.2 5.7 5 3 38 10.8 6 1.2 3.84 7 72.52 110.52 chuan town of the ErYuan county pollution control DL3 project in ErYuan 7.2 3 1.2 10.818 5 4 112.872 7.2 5 1.2 3.66 4 55.18 168.052 suburbs Erhai environment DL4 comprehensive 18 10 6 20.689 25 15 333.756 18 20 6 12.59 20 189.77 523.526 treatment for water town and city’s DL5 drainpipe network 14.4 8 5 17.832 20 12 77.232 28.8 20 5 14.4 12 216.6 293.832 project

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Average cost per year during construction Average cost per year during operation Sum of (10000RMB) (10000RMB) Personnel Sum during Person operation Code Subcomponents The implement of PMU The implement of PMU Total Environ. Environ. training construction Environ. training for 3 Communi- Business Communi- salary Business monitoring supervision salary monitoring years cation cation construction in Dali water-pollution treatment plants LJ1 and cut-pollution 7.2 2 1.2 4.89 5 4 24.29 10.8 6 1.2 3.6 7 71.8 96.09 tube network in Huaping county City life rubbish LJ 2 disposition 7.2 2 1.2 1.525 5 4 37.85 10.8 6 1.2 6.909 7 81.727 119.577 project in Lijiang the second water-pollution LJ 3 treatment plants 7.2 2 1.2 4.458 5 4 43.716 10.8 6 1.2 3.624 7 71.872 115.588 and tube network project in Lijiang the drainpipe LJ 4 network project in 3.6 2 1.2 4.074 5 3 18.874 7.2 5 1.2 0.54 3 44.82 63.694 Yulong town environment comprehensive LJ 5 treatment project 3.6 2 0.6 0.672 5 3 14.872 3.6 4 0.6 0.428 2 27.884 42.756 for Lijiang Lion mountain Wenshan environment protection bureau WS1 3.6 1 0.6 0 0 1 6.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2 andmonitorsystem construction projects : the environment comprehensive treatment project WS 2 for Panlong 3.6 2 1.2 3.108 5 3 47.724 3.6 4 1.2 1.745 2 33.635 81.359 district in Wenshan prefecture

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Average cost per year during construction Average cost per year during operation Sum of (10000RMB) (10000RMB) Personnel Sum during Person operation Code Subcomponents The implement of PMU The implement of PMU Total Environ. Environ. training construction Environ. training for 3 Communi- Business Communi- salary Business monitoring supervision salary monitoring years cation cation Wenshan city WS 3 drainpipe network 3.6 2 1.2 4.89 5 3 19.69 7.2 5 1.2 1.62 3 48.06 67.75 project water-pollution treatment plants WS 4 7.2 3 1.2 4.29 5 4 45.38 10.8 6 1.2 3.84 7 72.52 117.9 and tube network project in Qiubei Water supply WS 5 3.6 2 1.2 4.242 5 3 19.042 3.6 4 1.2 0 3 29.4 48.442 project in Qiubei the environment comprehensive WS 6 treatment for 3.6 2 1.2 2.724 5 3 32.048 3.6 4 1.2 1.945 2 34.235 66.283 Puzhehei river of Qiubei county City life rubbish disposition WS 7 7.2 3 1.2 1.525 5 4 39.85 7.2 5 1.2 7.557 7 69.871 109.721 project in Malipo county water-pollution treatment plants WS 8 and cut-pollution 7.2 3 1.2 4.29 5 4 24.69 7.2 5 1.2 4.56 7 60.88 85.57 tube network in Malipo county water-pollution treatment plants WS 9 7.2 3 1.2 4.074 5 4 24.474 7.2 5 1.2 2.4 7 54.4 78.874 and tube network project in Funing City life rubbish WS disposition 7.2 3 1.2 1.93 5 4 40.66 7.2 5 1.2 6.447 7 66.541 107.201 10 project in Funing county environment comprehensive WS treatment for 3.6 2 1.2 3.966 5 3 18.766 3.6 4 1.2 1.585 2 33.155 51.921 11 Puting river in Funing county

Yunnan Urban Environment Project Office - 369 - Kunming University of Science & Technology YUEP - Consolidated EA Report

Yunnan Urban Environment Project Office - 370 - Kunming University of Science & Technology YUEP - Consolidated EA Report

Table 124-2 Budget percentage distribution for construction side The budget percentage The requirement of construction side distribution for every Fund resources: sub-project 1 Environment protection management 0.5 CCV Labor organization and occupation 2 0.5 CCV healthy management 3 Public safety management 1 CCV 4 Society management 1 CCV

Yunnan Urban Environment Project Office - 371 - Kunming University of Science & Technology YUEP - Consolidated EA Report

13 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

With the project EIA, the following could be found: (1) The project’s implementation will improve the infrastructure of Kunming, Dali, Lijiang and Wenshanl, reduce pollution load into Er’hai Lake Basin and bring tremendous environmental and social benefits. ①With the project implementation, the newly increased capacities of city in water supply, domestic waste water treatment and MSW disposal will be 9000m3/d, 121600m3/d and 778t/d respectively, which will greatly ease the situation of highly insufficient capacity in these areas. ②With the project implementation, the newly increased sewage pipeline, rainfall and drainage pipeline will be about 580km, which will change the disadvantageous situation of untreated sewer flowing directly into surface water and will improves water quality of receiving water. ③With the project implementation, inflowing rivers of Er’hai Lake , Panlonghe River, Puzehei Lake and Putting River etc. will regulated on an overall scale, which will improve river’s landscape and ecological environment, raise the flooding prevention standard, reduce soil erosion and upgrade river’s functions. ④With the project implementation, the non-point pollution from 28 key villages of 8 towns in Er’hai basin is supposed to be effectively controlled, and TP, TN and COD is predicated to be reduced by 2.85t/a, 31.52t/a and 284.88t/a respectively, which is beneficial to Er’hai lake protection. ⑤With the project implementation, establishment of supporting system for supervision and management of total water pollutant amount in Dianchi Lake basin and establishment of environmental monitoring and supervision system in Wenshan, will provide efficient technical support for environmental management in both Dianchi Lake basin and Wenshan prefecture. (2) Certain environmentally sensitive sites and environmental protection targets will be impacted with the project implementation. With effective approaches and measures as reasonable siting, mitigation measures, formulation and implementation of environment management plan, negative impacts on sensitive sites will be reduced and eliminated. (3) With project implementation, some adverse impacts will be brought to surrounding environment, which could come both from construction and operation period. ①Adverse impacts from construction period: impact of construction dust on air quality, impact of construction vehicle and mechanical noises on ambient environment, impact of domestic waste water from construction on surface water, soil erosion caused by soil digging

Yunnan Urban Environment Project Office - 372 - Kunming University of Science & Technology YUEP - Consolidated EA Report

etc. for WWTP and landfill construction, impact of water supply and drainage pipeline laying on roads and transportation, impact of river dredging on aquatic organism and destroy of vegetation by construction. ②Adverse impacts from operation period: impact of odor from WWTP on air quality, impact of sludge disposal, impact of machine and pump noise on ambient environment, impact of drainage on surface water; impact of landfill odor on air quality, impact of leachate treatment, impact of leachate on groundwater, impact of dust and noise from waste cleaning vehicle on ambient environment and impact of TSP from landfill on surrounding landscape. (4) Extent and scope of adverse impacts of the project will be controlled to comply with national law, regulations and standards, through alternatives, mitigation measures, implementation of environmental management plan, public consultation and immigration etc.. In a word, the project is environmentally feasible after taking proposed countermeasures and suggestions, i.e. alternatives, mitigation measures, environmental management plan, public consultation and immigration etc..

Yunnan Urban Environment Project Office - 373 - Kunming University of Science & Technology