DOCSLIB.ORG

Clearing Nursery Stock and Flower Bulbs for CBPAS

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Clearing Nursery Stock and Flower Bulbs for CBPAS United States Department of Clearing Nursery Stock Agriculture Animal and and Flower Bulbs for Plant Health Inspection Service CBPAS Plant Protection and Quarantine Clearing Nursery Stock and Flower Bulbs for CBPAS: The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Mention of companies or commercial products does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over others not mentioned. USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of any product mentioned. Product names are mentioned solely to report factually on available data and to provide specific information. This publication reports research involving pesticides. All uses of pesticides must be registered by appropriate State and/or Federal agencies before they can be recommended. CAUTION: Pesticides can be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants, fish, or other wildlife—if they are not handled or applied properly. Use all pesticides selectively and carefully. Follow recommended practices for the disposal of surplus pesticides and pesticide containers. 2 Regulating Nursery Stock 10/2008-04 PPQ/CBP Clearing Nursery Stock and Flower Bulbs for CBPAS: Procedures for CBPAS Clearing Shipments of Nursery Stock Other Than Seed Procedures for CBPAS Clearing Shipments of Nursery Stock1 Other Than Seed Step 1—Look to see whether there is a Green and Yellow or Red and White mailing label attached to the package or container. These labels direct the package to an APHIS-PPQ, Plant Inspection Station where the material will be inspected. TABLEm 1: Expediting Packages with Green and Yellow or Red and White Mailing Labels If there is: And: Then: A Green and Yellow (PPQ Form Only a green and yellow ALLOW the package to 508) or Red and White (PPQ or red and white mailing proceed to the Plant Form 599) mailing label label is attached (one Inspection Station identified attached (see Figure 1) 1 address per package) on the label There is an additional CONTACT the nearest Plant mailing label2 Inspection Station for directions on how to proceed No green and yellow nor red and CONTINUE to Table 2 white mailing label attached 1 For more information on these forms, go to the Manual for Agricultural Clearance. 2 If this is an expedited courier package, the address for delivery must be the same as the PPQ label. Otherwise, prohibit entry. FIGURE 1: Green and Yellow and Red and White Mailing Labels Older forms do not have the bar code but are still valid. 1 Includes flower bulbs, dormant perennials, and small shipments of other categories of nursery stock) 10/2008-04 Regulating Nursery Stock 3 PPQ/CBP Clearing Nursery Stock and Flower Bulbs for CBPAS: Procedures for CBPAS Clearing Shipments of Nursery Stock Other Than Seed TABLE 2: Locator for Categories of Nursery Stock If the plant is: And: And from: Then A bulb (B) as Crocosmia, Africa 1, PROHIBIT ENTRY listed in Table 7 Gladiolus, Argentina, or or Watsonia Uruguay Other than a Go to Step 2 country listed above Homeria PROHIBIT ENTRY Allium REFER the articles to a Plant Inspection sativum Station Other than Go to Step 2 a bulb listed in the cells above A dormant Go to Step 2 perennial (DP) as listed in Table 7 Not listed in The origin USE the Nursery Stock Restrictions Table 7 is Canada The origin 12 or fewer Go to “Procedures for Clearing Small is other articles Shipments of Nursery Stock Other Than than Flower Bulbs or Precleared Dormant Canada Perennials from Other than Canada” on page-23 More than REFER the articles to a Plant Inspection 12 articles Station 1 The countries in Africa are: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Erithrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome & Principle, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe Procedures for Clearing Shipments of Flower Bulbs and Precleared Dormant Perennials The following steps are to enable Customs and Border Protection Agricultural Specialists to clear shipments of flower bulbs or shipments of precleared dormant perennials. Step 2—Determine Whether the Articles May Be Precleared Refer to Table 3. 4 Regulating Nursery Stock 10/2008-04 PPQ/CBP Clearing Nursery Stock and Flower Bulbs for CBPAS: Procedures for CBPAS Clearing Shipments of Nursery Stock Other Than Seed If you find other categories of nursery stock (for example cuttings, plants, shrubs, trees, or vines) in with a shipment of bulbs or precleared dormant perennials—REFER the entire shipment to a Plant Inspection Station. Important The CBPAS may make integrity and compliance checks on any or all precleared shipments of bulbs. Important 10/2008-04 Regulating Nursery Stock 5 PPQ/CBP Clearing Nursery Stock and Flower Bulbs for CBPAS: Procedures for CBPAS Clearing Shipments of Nursery Stock Other Than Seed TABLE 3: Deciding Whether Bulbs or Dormant Perennials Are Precleared If articles are arriving: And: And: Then: From There is a legible RELEASE, the bulbs Belgium, label2 on every pallet, are precleared Israel, the container, or package United with a statement Kingdom, the indicating that the Netherlands bulbs are precleared or from the for U.S.A. 3 Netherlands The invoice, bill of 1 via Canada lading, or manifest states, “Precleared” There is a The phytosanitary certificate phytosanitary indicates that the consignment has certificate 4 been precleared There is no evidence the REFER the articles consignment has been precleared to a Plant Inspection Station There is no PROHIBIT ENTRY phytosanitary certificate nor is there an invoice, bill or lading, manifest or label indicating that the bulbs are precleared Neither from The articles originated The articles are accompanied by RELEASE, the bulbs Belgium, in Chile both a Phytosanitary Certificate 5 are precleared Israel, the and a PPQ Form 203 to verify United preclearance Kingdom, nor The articles are accompanied by a the Phytosanitary Certificate 5 and Netherlands covered by a vessel report 6 nor arriving The articles are accompanied solely PROCEED to Step 3 through the by a Phytosanitary Certificate Netherlands The articles lack the documents PROHIBIT ENTRY (not laden in described above the Netherlands) The articles are from The articles are accompanied by RELEASE, the bulbs other than Chile both a Phytosanitary Certificate and are precleared a PPQ Form 203 to verify preclearance The articles are accompanied solely PROCEED to Step 3 by a Phytosanitary Certificate The articles lack the documents PROHIBIT ENTRY described above 1 The consignment of bulbs was laden in the Netherlands 2 The label will be identified as a “Copy-Certificate of Examination for the U.S.A. 6 Regulating Nursery Stock 10/2008-04 PPQ/CBP Clearing Nursery Stock and Flower Bulbs for CBPAS: Procedures for CBPAS Clearing Shipments of Nursery Stock Other Than Seed 3 The shipment may contain bulbs or dormant perennials that have originated in Belgium, Great Britain (England, Scotland, and Wales), Ireland, Israel, or Turkey. The phytosanitary certificate is held in the bulb’s country of origin. ◆ A PPQ Form 203 is unnecessary for such consignments. ◆ Mail shipments will carry white labels showing origin and stamped “Release precleared bulbs.” ◆ Hand carried shipments will have a white sticker attached to the bulb package. ◆ Mail and express courier packages will carry a red/white Copy Certificate label. The labels are only valid if they have been stamped and initialed with a USDA APHIS “Inspected and Released” stamp. 4 If the invoice/manifest or other document from the Netherland states “Precleared,” then the shipment may be released without inspection or presentation of a PPQ Form 203. 5 Must be accompanied by a phytosanitary certificate with an additional declaration that states that such article was grown on land that has been sampled and microscopically inspected by the plant protection service of the country in which grown within 12 months preceding issuance of the certificate and found free from potato cyst nematodes, Globodera rostochiensis (Woll.) Behrens and G. pallida (Stone) Behrens 6 All maritime shipments from Chile will have a Vessel Report in lieu of the PPQ Form 203, which will be faxed directly to the receiving port. If the shipment was not precleared, PROCEED to Step 3. 10/2008-04 Regulating Nursery Stock 7 PPQ/CBP Clearing Nursery Stock and Flower Bulbs for CBPAS: Procedures for CBPAS Clearing Shipments of Nursery Stock Other Than Seed FIGURE 2: Bulb Mailing Label (half-size) COPY-CERTIFICATE OF EXAMINATION FOR U.S.A. This is to certify: 1. that the plant material was grown in the Netherlands; 2. that it was inspected by me or under my direction both during the growing season and at the time it was packed and was found and is believed by me to be free from injurious insects and plant diseases; 3.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Summary of Offerings in the PBS Bulb Exchange, Dec 2012- Nov 2019
    Summary of offerings in the PBS Bulb Exchange, Dec 2012- Nov 2019 3841 Number of items in BX 301 thru BX 463 1815 Number of unique text strings used as taxa 990 Taxa offered as bulbs 1056 Taxa offered as seeds 308 Number of genera This does not include the SXs. Top 20 Most Oft Listed: BULBS Times listed SEEDS Times listed Oxalis obtusa 53 Zephyranthes primulina 20 Oxalis flava 36 Rhodophiala bifida 14 Oxalis hirta 25 Habranthus tubispathus 13 Oxalis bowiei 22 Moraea villosa 13 Ferraria crispa 20 Veltheimia bracteata 13 Oxalis sp. 20 Clivia miniata 12 Oxalis purpurea 18 Zephyranthes drummondii 12 Lachenalia mutabilis 17 Zephyranthes reginae 11 Moraea sp. 17 Amaryllis belladonna 10 Amaryllis belladonna 14 Calochortus venustus 10 Oxalis luteola 14 Zephyranthes fosteri 10 Albuca sp. 13 Calochortus luteus 9 Moraea villosa 13 Crinum bulbispermum 9 Oxalis caprina 13 Habranthus robustus 9 Oxalis imbricata 12 Haemanthus albiflos 9 Oxalis namaquana 12 Nerine bowdenii 9 Oxalis engleriana 11 Cyclamen graecum 8 Oxalis melanosticta 'Ken Aslet'11 Fritillaria affinis 8 Moraea ciliata 10 Habranthus brachyandrus 8 Oxalis commutata 10 Zephyranthes 'Pink Beauty' 8 Summary of offerings in the PBS Bulb Exchange, Dec 2012- Nov 2019 Most taxa specify to species level. 34 taxa were listed as Genus sp. for bulbs 23 taxa were listed as Genus sp. for seeds 141 taxa were listed with quoted 'Variety' Top 20 Most often listed Genera BULBS SEEDS Genus N items BXs Genus N items BXs Oxalis 450 64 Zephyranthes 202 35 Lachenalia 125 47 Calochortus 94 15 Moraea 99 31 Moraea
    [Show full text]
  • Fair Use of This PDF File of Herbaceous
    Fair Use of this PDF file of Herbaceous Perennials Production: A Guide from Propagation to Marketing, NRAES-93 By Leonard P. Perry Published by NRAES, July 1998 This PDF file is for viewing only. If a paper copy is needed, we encourage you to purchase a copy as described below. Be aware that practices, recommendations, and economic data may have changed since this book was published. Text can be copied. The book, authors, and NRAES should be acknowledged. Here is a sample acknowledgement: ----From Herbaceous Perennials Production: A Guide from Propagation to Marketing, NRAES- 93, by Leonard P. Perry, and published by NRAES (1998).---- No use of the PDF should diminish the marketability of the printed version. This PDF should not be used to make copies of the book for sale or distribution. If you have questions about fair use of this PDF, contact NRAES. Purchasing the Book You can purchase printed copies on NRAES’ secure web site, www.nraes.org, or by calling (607) 255-7654. Quantity discounts are available. NRAES PO Box 4557 Ithaca, NY 14852-4557 Phone: (607) 255-7654 Fax: (607) 254-8770 Email: [email protected] Web: www.nraes.org More information on NRAES is included at the end of this PDF. Acknowledgments This publication is an update and expansion of the 1987 Cornell Guidelines on Perennial Production. Informa- tion in chapter 3 was adapted from a presentation given in March 1996 by John Bartok, professor emeritus of agricultural engineering at the University of Connecticut, at the Connecticut Perennials Shortcourse, and from articles in the Connecticut Greenhouse Newsletter, a publication put out by the Department of Plant Science at the University of Connecticut.
    [Show full text]
  • – the 2020 Horticulture Guide –
    – THE 2020 HORTICULTURE GUIDE – THE 2020 BULB & PLANT MART IS BEING HELD ONLINE ONLY AT WWW.GCHOUSTON.ORG THE DEADLINE FOR ORDERING YOUR FAVORITE BULBS AND SELECTED PLANTS IS OCTOBER 5, 2020 PICK UP YOUR ORDER OCTOBER 16-17 AT SILVER STREET STUDIOS AT SAWYER YARDS, 2000 EDWARDS STREET FRIDAY, OCTOBER 16, 2020 SATURDAY, OCTOBER 17, 2020 9:00am - 5:00pm 9:00am - 2:00pm The 2020 Horticulture Guide was generously underwritten by DEAR FELLOW GARDENERS, I am excited to welcome you to The Garden Club of Houston’s 78th Annual Bulb and Plant Mart. Although this year has thrown many obstacles our way, we feel that the “show must go on.” In response to the COVID-19 situation, this year will look a little different. For the safety of our members and our customers, this year will be an online pre-order only sale. Our mission stays the same: to support our community’s green spaces, and to educate our community in the areas of gardening, horticulture, conservation, and related topics. GCH members serve as volunteers, and our profits from the Bulb Mart are given back to WELCOME the community in support of our mission. In the last fifteen years, we have given back over $3.5 million in grants to the community! The Garden Club of Houston’s first Plant Sale was held in 1942, on the steps of The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, with plants dug from members’ gardens. Plants propagated from our own members’ yards will be available again this year as well as plants and bulbs sourced from near and far that are unique, interesting, and well suited for area gardens.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara Ancient Plant Use and the Importance of Geophytes Among the Island Chumash of Santa Cruz
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara Ancient Plant Use and the Importance of Geophytes among the Island Chumash of Santa Cruz Island, California A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology by Kristina Marie Gill Committee in charge: Professor Michael A. Glassow, Chair Professor Michael A. Jochim Professor Amber M. VanDerwarker Professor Lynn H. Gamble September 2015 The dissertation of Kristina Marie Gill is approved. __________________________________________ Michael A. Jochim __________________________________________ Amber M. VanDerwarker __________________________________________ Lynn H. Gamble __________________________________________ Michael A. Glassow, Committee Chair July 2015 Ancient Plant Use and the Importance of Geophytes among the Island Chumash of Santa Cruz Island, California Copyright © 2015 By Kristina Marie Gill iii DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my Family, Mike Glassow, and the Chumash People. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am indebted to many people who have provided guidance, encouragement, and support in my career as an archaeologist, and especially through my undergraduate and graduate studies. For those of whom I am unable to personally thank here, know that I deeply appreciate your support. First and foremost, I want to thank my chair Michael Glassow for his patience, enthusiasm, and encouragement during all aspects of this daunting project. I am also truly grateful to have had the opportunity to know, learn from, and work with my other committee members, Mike Jochim, Amber VanDerwarker, and Lynn Gamble. I cherish my various field experiences with them all on the Channel Islands and especially in southern Germany with Mike Jochim, whose worldly perspective I value deeply. I also thank Terry Jones, who provided me many undergraduate opportunities in California archaeology and encouraged me to attend a field school on San Clemente Island with Mark Raab and Andy Yatsko, an experience that left me captivated with the islands and their history.
    [Show full text]
  • Tracing History
    Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 911 Tracing History Phylogenetic, Taxonomic, and Biogeographic Research in the Colchicum Family BY ANNIKA VINNERSTEN ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS UPPSALA 2003 Dissertation presented at Uppsala University to be publicly examined in Lindahlsalen, EBC, Uppsala, Friday, December 12, 2003 at 10:00 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The examination will be conducted in English. Abstract Vinnersten, A. 2003. Tracing History. Phylogenetic, Taxonomic and Biogeographic Research in the Colchicum Family. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 911. 33 pp. Uppsala. ISBN 91-554-5814-9 This thesis concerns the history and the intrafamilial delimitations of the plant family Colchicaceae. A phylogeny of 73 taxa representing all genera of Colchicaceae, except the monotypic Kuntheria, is presented. The molecular analysis based on three plastid regions—the rps16 intron, the atpB- rbcL intergenic spacer, and the trnL-F region—reveal the intrafamilial classification to be in need of revision. The two tribes Iphigenieae and Uvularieae are demonstrated to be paraphyletic. The well-known genus Colchicum is shown to be nested within Androcymbium, Onixotis constitutes a grade between Neodregea and Wurmbea, and Gloriosa is intermixed with species of Littonia. Two new tribes are described, Burchardieae and Tripladenieae, and the two tribes Colchiceae and Uvularieae are emended, leaving four tribes in the family. At generic level new combinations are made in Wurmbea and Gloriosa in order to render them monophyletic. The genus Androcymbium is paraphyletic in relation to Colchicum and the latter genus is therefore expanded.
    [Show full text]
  • The New Kirstenbosch Bulb Terrace
    - Growing indigenous Working with the seasons The new Kirstenbosch Bulb Terrace by Graham Duncan, Kirstenbosch Heavy winter rains, inadequately drained soils and insufficient winter light lev­ els experienced in many parts of Kirstenbosch preclude the display of a wide vari­ ety of our spectacular wealth of winter-growing bulbous plants in the garden itself. In addition, the depredations of molerats, and more importantly, marauding por­ cupines place further constraints on bulbs that can be displayed to the public. For these reasons the more fastidious species are cultivated under cover in the Kirstenbosch bulb nursery and displayed in containers, in season, inside the Kay Bergh Bulb House of the Botanical Society Conservatory. Although bulbous plants that are able to stand up to the rigours of general gar­ den cultivation are displayed in many parts of the garden, no section is specifical­ ly dedicated to bulbs. However, with the recent completion of the Centre for Home Gardening, an area known as the Bulb Terrace has been specifically provided for the display of both winter- and summer-growing bulbs. We hope these displays will draw attention to the many bulbous species suitable for home gardens. Passing through the Centre for Home Gardening towards the garden, the Bulb Terrace comprises eight broadly rectangular beds on either side of the sloping main bricked walkway adjacent to the new Kirstenbosch Tearoom. Four beds on each side of the walkway alternate with wooden benches. Quantities of heavy, poorly ABOVE: The dwarf Watsonia coccinea provides a brilliant splash of reddish-orange in mid-September. Photo Graham Duncan drained soil was removed from each bed.
    [Show full text]
  • Sell Cut Flowers from Perennial Summer-Flowering Bulbs
    SELL CUT FLOWERS FROM PERENNIAL SUMMER-FLOWERING BULBS Andy Hankins Extension Specialist-Alternative Agriculture, Virginia State University Reviewed by Chris Mullins, Virginia State University 2018 Commercial producers of field-grown flower cut flowers generally have a wide selection of crops to sell in April, May and June. Many species of annual and especially perennial cut flowers bloom during these three months. Many flower crops are sensitive to day length. Crops that bloom during long days such as larkspur, yarrow, peonies and gypsophila cannot be made to bloom after the summer equinox on June 21st. Other crops such as snapdragons may be day length neutral but they are adversely affected by the very warm days and nights of mid-summer. It is much more challenging for Virginia cut flower growers to have a diverse selection of flower crops for marketing from July to September when day length is getting shorter and day temperatures are getting hotter. Quite a few growers offer the same inventory of sunflowers, zinnias, celosia and gladiolas during the middle of the summer because everything else has come and gone. A group of plants that may offer new opportunities for sales of cut flowers during mid-summer are summer-flowering bulbs. Many of these summer-flowering bulbs are tropical plants that have only become available in the United States during the last few years. The first question that growers should ask about any tropical plant recommended for field planting is, " Will this species be winter hardy in Virginia?" Many of the bulb species described in this article are not very winter hardy.
    [Show full text]
  • GENOME EVOLUTION in MONOCOTS a Dissertation
    GENOME EVOLUTION IN MONOCOTS A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate School At the University of Missouri In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy By Kate L. Hertweck Dr. J. Chris Pires, Dissertation Advisor JULY 2011 The undersigned, appointed by the dean of the Graduate School, have examined the dissertation entitled GENOME EVOLUTION IN MONOCOTS Presented by Kate L. Hertweck A candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy And hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Dr. J. Chris Pires Dr. Lori Eggert Dr. Candace Galen Dr. Rose‐Marie Muzika ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am indebted to many people for their assistance during the course of my graduate education. I would not have derived such a keen understanding of the learning process without the tutelage of Dr. Sandi Abell. Members of the Pires lab provided prolific support in improving lab techniques, computational analysis, greenhouse maintenance, and writing support. Team Monocot, including Dr. Mike Kinney, Dr. Roxi Steele, and Erica Wheeler were particularly helpful, but other lab members working on Brassicaceae (Dr. Zhiyong Xiong, Dr. Maqsood Rehman, Pat Edger, Tatiana Arias, Dustin Mayfield) all provided vital support as well. I am also grateful for the support of a high school student, Cady Anderson, and an undergraduate, Tori Docktor, for their assistance in laboratory procedures. Many people, scientist and otherwise, helped with field collections: Dr. Travis Columbus, Hester Bell, Doug and Judy McGoon, Julie Ketner, Katy Klymus, and William Alexander. Many thanks to Barb Sonderman for taking care of my greenhouse collection of many odd plants brought back from the field.
    [Show full text]
  • Colonial Garden Plants
    COLONIAL GARD~J~ PLANTS I Flowers Before 1700 The following plants are listed according to the names most commonly used during the colonial period. The botanical name follows for accurate identification. The common name was listed first because many of the people using these lists will have access to or be familiar with that name rather than the botanical name. The botanical names are according to Bailey’s Hortus Second and The Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture (3, 4). They are not the botanical names used during the colonial period for many of them have changed drastically. We have been very cautious concerning the interpretation of names to see that accuracy is maintained. By using several references spanning almost two hundred years (1, 3, 32, 35) we were able to interpret accurately the names of certain plants. For example, in the earliest works (32, 35), Lark’s Heel is used for Larkspur, also Delphinium. Then in later works the name Larkspur appears with the former in parenthesis. Similarly, the name "Emanies" appears frequently in the earliest books. Finally, one of them (35) lists the name Anemones as a synonym. Some of the names are amusing: "Issop" for Hyssop, "Pum- pions" for Pumpkins, "Mushmillions" for Muskmellons, "Isquou- terquashes" for Squashes, "Cowslips" for Primroses, "Daffadown dillies" for Daffodils. Other names are confusing. Bachelors Button was the name used for Gomphrena globosa, not for Centaurea cyanis as we use it today. Similarly, in the earliest literature, "Marygold" was used for Calendula. Later we begin to see "Pot Marygold" and "Calen- dula" for Calendula, and "Marygold" is reserved for Marigolds.
    [Show full text]
  • Generic Classification of Amaryllidaceae Tribe Hippeastreae Nicolás García,1 Alan W
    TAXON 2019 García & al. • Genera of Hippeastreae SYSTEMATICS AND PHYLOGENY Generic classification of Amaryllidaceae tribe Hippeastreae Nicolás García,1 Alan W. Meerow,2 Silvia Arroyo-Leuenberger,3 Renata S. Oliveira,4 Julie H. Dutilh,4 Pamela S. Soltis5 & Walter S. Judd5 1 Herbario EIF & Laboratorio de Sistemática y Evolución de Plantas, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y de la Conservación de la Naturaleza, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile 2 USDA-ARS-SHRS, National Germplasm Repository, 13601 Old Cutler Rd., Miami, Florida 33158, U.S.A. 3 Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, Labardén 200, CC 22, B1642HYD, San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina 4 Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Postal Code 6109, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil 5 Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, U.S.A. Address for correspondence: Nicolás García, [email protected] DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12062 Abstract A robust generic classification for Amaryllidaceae has remained elusive mainly due to the lack of unequivocal diagnostic characters, a consequence of highly canalized variation and a deeply reticulated evolutionary history. A consensus classification is pro- posed here, based on recent molecular phylogenetic studies, morphological and cytogenetic variation, and accounting for secondary criteria of classification, such as nomenclatural stability. Using the latest sutribal classification of Hippeastreae (Hippeastrinae and Traubiinae) as a foundation, we propose the recognition of six genera, namely Eremolirion gen. nov., Hippeastrum, Phycella s.l., Rhodolirium s.str., Traubia, and Zephyranthes s.l. A subgeneric classification is suggested for Hippeastrum and Zephyranthes to denote putative subclades.
    [Show full text]
  • Endemism As a Tool for Conservation. Podocarpus National Park a Case Study
    Pablo Lozano Tania Delgado y Zhofre Aguirre 44 Endemism as a tool for conservation. Podocarpus National Park a case study. Resumen El Parque Nacional Podocarpus (PNP), ubicado al sur del Ecuador, posee 211 especies endémicas de las registradas para el país. El presente estudio identificó 70 especies endémicas exclusivas, en 29 familias y 50 géneros. Se considera que algunos taxones tienen su centro de diversidad en el PNP (Brachyotum, Centropogon y Lysipomia). El mayor endemismo, se ubica principalmente entre 2800 a 3200 m, en la transición de páramo arbustivo a páramo herbáceo. De acuerdo al análisis TWINSPAN, se encontraron dos comunidades vegetales subdivididas y cinco asociaciones. En las dos primeras comunidades de páramos y arbustales naturales y antrópicos que comprende la franja altitudinal 2300-3400 m, se distribuyen las endémicas, aumentando su presencia a medida que haciende la gradiente. Este estudio reconoce 22 unidades de paisaje, considerándose el área con endemismo extremadamente alto al tipo de vegetación de bosque chaparro, que corresponde a la franja de sub-páramo, con prioridad para conservar, las áreas de bajo endemismo, son bosque abierto/matorral/pastizal; tienen la misma importancia por su exclusividad y posición fuera del PNP. El sitio con mayor número de endémicas es Cajanuma con 40 especies, mientras que el sitio con mayor acumulación de endémicas por superficie muestreada es Cerro Toledo, con 12 especies en 175 m². Todas las especies tienen una amplia distribución en los páramos del parque, con algunas excepciones de distribución restringida como el caso de Puya obconica en el sector de Sabanilla con un rango no mayor a 10 km².
    [Show full text]
  • Epilist 1.0: a Global Checklist of Vascular Epiphytes
    Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2021 EpiList 1.0: a global checklist of vascular epiphytes Zotz, Gerhard ; Weigelt, Patrick ; Kessler, Michael ; Kreft, Holger ; Taylor, Amanda Abstract: Epiphytes make up roughly 10% of all vascular plant species globally and play important functional roles, especially in tropical forests. However, to date, there is no comprehensive list of vas- cular epiphyte species. Here, we present EpiList 1.0, the first global list of vascular epiphytes based on standardized definitions and taxonomy. We include obligate epiphytes, facultative epiphytes, and hemiepiphytes, as the latter share the vulnerable epiphytic stage as juveniles. Based on 978 references, the checklist includes >31,000 species of 79 plant families. Species names were standardized against World Flora Online for seed plants and against the World Ferns database for lycophytes and ferns. In cases of species missing from these databases, we used other databases (mostly World Checklist of Selected Plant Families). For all species, author names and IDs for World Flora Online entries are provided to facilitate the alignment with other plant databases, and to avoid ambiguities. EpiList 1.0 will be a rich source for synthetic studies in ecology, biogeography, and evolutionary biology as it offers, for the first time, a species‐level overview over all currently known vascular epiphytes. At the same time, the list represents work in progress: species descriptions of epiphytic taxa are ongoing and published life form information in floristic inventories and trait and distribution databases is often incomplete and sometimes evenwrong.
    [Show full text]