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Ενσωμάτωση Πλατφόρμας Croquet Στο Olpc-Xo

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Ενσωμάτωση Πλατφόρμας Croquet Στο Olpc-Xo ΑΡΙΣΤΟΤΕΛΕΙΟ ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΗΣ ΤΜΗΜΑ ΠΛΗΡΟΦΟΡΙΚΗΣ ΜΕΤΑΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΟ ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑ ΣΠΟΥΔΩΝ στην ΠΛΗΡΟΦΟΡΙΚΗ ΚΑΤΕΥΘΥΝΣΗ: ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΕΣ ΠΛΗΡΟΦΟΡΙΑΣ & ΕΠΙΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΩΝ ΣΤΗΝ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗ Ασημακόπουλος Αλέξανδρος «Ενσωμάτωση και εκτέλεση του τρισδιάστατου συνεργατικού εικονικού περιβάλλοντος Croquet σε εικονική αναπαράσταση του λειτουργικού συστήματος του φορητού υπολογιστή OLPC- XO» (Integration and execution of the 3-d collaborative virtual environment Croquet on an emulated image of the OLPC-XO laptop operating system) Επιβλέπων: ΘΡΑΣΥΒΟΥΛΟΣ Κ. ΤΣΙΑΤΣΟΣ Λέκτορας Διπλωματική Εργασία που υποβάλλεται στο πλαίσιο της μερικής εκπλήρωσης των απαιτήσεων για την απόκτηση Μεταπτυχιακού Διπλώματος στην Πληροφορική με εξειδίκευση στη Κατεύθυνση «Τεχνολογίες Πληροφορίας & Επικοινωνιών στην Εκπαίδευση» ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΗ, 2008 Η ΤΡΙΜΕΛΗΣ ΕΞΕΤΑΣΤΙΚΗ ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΗ ΝΙΚΟΛΑΟΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑΔΗΣ, Επίκουρος Καθηγητής ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ ΔΗΜΗΤΡΙΑΔΗΣ, Επίκουρος Καθηγητής ΘΡΑΣΥΒΟΥΛΟΣ Κ. ΤΣΙΑΤΣΟΣ, Λέκτορας Η έγκριση της Διπλωματικής αυτής Εργασίας από το Τμήμα Πληροφορικής του Αριστοτέλειου Πανεπιστήμιου Θεσσαλονίκης δεν υποδηλώνει την αποδοχή των γνωμών του συγγραφέα. (Νόμος 5343/32, άρθρο 202, παρ. 2) 2 ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ Αντικείμενο της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η μελέτη ενσωμάτωσης του τρισδιάστατου συνεργατικού εικονικού περιβάλλοντος Croquet στο λειτουργικό σύστημα του Φθηνού Μαθητικού Φορητού Υπολογιστή (One Laptop Per Child OLPC-XO. Κατά την διάρκεια της εργασίας εξετάστηκε εάν η ανοιχτού κώδικα πλατφόρμα Croquet μπορεί να υποστηριχθεί από το λειτουργικό σύστημα του φορητού υπολογιστή OLPC-XO και σε ποιόν βαθμό αυτό θα μπορούσε να γίνει, με ποιες απαιτήσεις – κόστος σε πόρους όσον αφορά και τα 2 συστήματα. Η αρχική μελέτη δομήθηκε πάνω σε μια ακολουθία σταδίων, ο στόχος και τα αποτελέσματα των οποίων περιγράφονται παρακάτω: Στάδιο 0: Στόχος του σταδίου αυτού ήταν η μελέτη υπάρχουσας βιβλιογραφίας για το OLPC, σε τι στάδιο βρίσκονται οι ομάδες ανάπτυξης σε Ελλάδα και εξωτερικό, τι έχει αναπτυχθεί, τι αναπτύσσεται αυτή την στιγμή σε λογισμικό - υλικό, ποιες οι δυνατότητες του σήμερα. Επίσης, το στήσιμο εικονικών μηχανών για προσομοίωση της λειτουργίας του λειτουργικού συστήματος του OLPC-XO, εξοικείωση με την διεπαφή Sugar. Στάδιο 1: Στόχος του σταδίου αυτού ήταν να μελετηθεί η υπάρχουσα βιβλιογραφία για τα τρισδιάστατα εικονικά συνεργατικά περιβάλλοντα, και πιο συγκεκριμένα του ανοιχτού κώδικα τρισδιάστατου εικονικού συνεργατικού περιβάλλοντος Croquet. Σε ποιο επίπεδο αυτό έχει φτάσει, τι απαιτήσεις και πόρους χρειάζεται για να λειτουργήσει ικανοποιητικά. Στήσιμο εικονικής μηχανής του Croquet και εξοικείωση με τις βασικές λειτουργίες του περιβάλλοντός του. Στάδιο 2: Στόχος του σταδίου αυτού ήταν να εξεταστεί σε πιο βαθμό θα μπορούσε να υποστηριχθεί μια τρισδιάστατη πλατφόρμα όπως του Croquet από ένα μηχάνημα χαμηλών δυνατοτήτων όπως του OLPC-XO. Εύρεση κοινής συνιστώσας των 2 συστημάτων για να μπορέσει το ένα να υποστηρίξει το άλλο, και εξέταση πιθανών σεναρίων για την ενσωμάτωση της τρισδιάστατης πλατφόρμας στο λειτουργικό σύστημα του OLPC-XO. Στάδιο 3: Στόχος αυτού του σταδίου ήταν η τελική ενσωμάτωση της πλατφόρμας Croquet στην εικονική αναπαράσταση του λειτουργικού συστήματος του φθηνού μαθητικού φορητού υπολογιστή OLPC-XO με βάση την μελέτη των προηγούμενων σταδίων. Στο στάδιο αυτό θα χρειαζόταν η μελέτη των εικονικών μηχανών και των 2 συστημάτων, η ενσωμάτωση της μιας μέσα στην άλλη, και η δημιουργία κάποιου activity έτσι ώστε να εκτελείται η πλατφόρμα Croquet όπως και τα υπόλοιπα activities του Sugar. Επιπλέον το στάδιο αυτό περιελάμβανε την ρύθμιση του Sugar για την υποστήριξη 3D Γραφικών. Στάδιο 4: Στόχος του τελευταίου σταδίου ήταν να μελετηθούν τα συμπεράσματα που βγήκαν από την παρούσα εργασία, όσον αφορά τα τρισδιάστατα συνεργατικά εικονικά περιβάλλοντα και την ενσωμάτωση και χρήση τους στο OLPC-XO. Ποιο θα είναι το μέλλον για το φθηνό μαθητικό φορητό υπολογιστή; Ανάλογη των σταδίων αυτών είναι και η δομή της παρούσας εργασίας. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο γίνεται μια εισαγωγή στις έννοιες του ελεύθερου λογισμικού και λογισμικού ανοιχτού κώδικα καθώς το λειτουργικό σύστημα , όλο το λογισμικό του φορητού υπολογιστή OLPC-ΧΟ, όπως και η πλατφόρμα Croquet ανήκουν στην κατηγορία του ελεύθερου λογισμικού και λογισμικού ανοιχτού κώδικα. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται ο μη κερδοσκοπικός οργανισμός One Laptop Per Child, ο φθηνός μαθητικός υπολογιστής OLPC-XO, η διεπαφή Sugar, η γλώσσα squeak, και το περιβάλλον etoys. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο γίνεται μια εισαγωγή για τα τρισδιάστατα συνεργατικά εικονικά περιβάλλοντα, και παρουσιάζεται το Croquet και οι δυνατότητές του. Στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζονται αναλυτικά τα στάδια και οι ενέργειες που χρειάστηκαν από την αρχική εύρεση του κοινού σημείου των 2 συστημάτων μέχρι την τελική ενσωμάτωση της πλατφόρμας Croquet στο OLPC-XO. Στο τελευταίο κεφάλαιο της 3 παρούσας εργασίας παρουσιάζονται τα συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν από όλη την έρευνα όπως και τα προβλήματα που προέκυψαν κατά την διάρκεια αυτής. Επιπλέον, παρουσιάζονται τα μειονεκτήματα και τα πλεονεκτήματα του OLPC-ΧΟ που προβάλλονται μετά την ενσωμάτωση της τρισδιάστατης συνεργατικής εικονικής πλατφόρμας Croquet. 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The main goal of this thesis is the study of integrating the 3D collaborative virtual environment Croquet into the operating system of the 100$ laptop of One Laptop Per Child organization (OLPC-XO). During the study of this thesis, it was examined whether the open source platform Croquet could be supported by the operating system of OLPC-XO. To what extent this could be done, what were the requirements and possible cost in resources, taking into consideration both systems. The study was based upon a sequence of different stages. The goals and the conclusions of these stages are described below: Stage 0: The goal of this stage was the study of the existing bibliography corresponding to OLPC and OLPC-XO, the current state of the developing teams in Greece and abroad, what has been developed, what is being developed at the moment, which are the capabilities and the potentials of this new machine both for software and hardware. In addition, it contains the installation of virtual machines and emulators for emulating the operating system of OLPC-XO and becoming familiar with Sugar user interface. Stage 1: The goal of this stage was the study of the existing bibliography corresponding to the 3-dimensional collaborative virtual environments, and specifically to the open source 3- dimensional collaborative virtual environment Croquet. Which is its current state, which are the requirements and the resources that are needed in order to have a smooth operation. Installation of Croquet virtual machine and becoming familiar with the basic operations of the environment. Stage 2: The goal of this stage was to examine to what extent could a 3-D platform like Croquet be supported by a low-cost/processing power laptop like the OLPC-XO. Finding a common point for both systems, so that the one can be supported by the other and examining all the possible circumstances for integrating the 3-D platform into the operating system of OLPC-XO. Stage 3: The goal of this stage was the final integration of Croquet platform into the emulated image of the operating system of OLPC-XO based upon the study and outcomes of previous stages. During this stage, we should study the virtual machines and emulators of both systems, the integration of the one system into the other, the implementation of an activity so that Croquet platform could be executed just like the other activities on Sugar. In addition, this stage included the adjustment of Sugar for supporting 3-D graphics. Stage 4: The goal of this stage was the study of the conclusions that were made from this thesis, as for the 3-D collaborative virtual environments, their integration and use into OLPC- XO. What will be the future of that low-cost student laptop? This thesis is organized into chapters according to the above stages. The first chapter is an introduction to the meaning of Free/Libre Open Source Software because the operating system, the software, that the student laptop runs, and also the Croquet platform, belong to the Free/Libre Open Source Software community. The second chapter describes the non- profit association One Laptop per Child (OLPC), the low-cost student laptop XO, Sugar user interface, Squeak programming language, and Etoys environment. The third chapter is an introduction to the 3-D collaborative virtual environments and a presentation of the Croquet platform. In the fourth chapter, we extensively describe the stages and actions that have been made from the very start of finding the common point of both systems, till the final integration of Croquet platform into OLPC-XO as an activity. The last chapter of this thesis presents the conclusions that have been made during the whole study, as well as the 5 problems that came up. Also, it outlines the advantages and disadvantages of OLPC-XO that arise after the integration of 3-d collaborative virtual environment Croquet. 6 ΠΡΟΛΟΓΟΣ Θα ήθελα να ευχαριστήσω θερμά τον επιβλέποντα της διπλωματικής εργασίας, κ. Τσιάτσο Θρασύβουλο - Κωνσταντίνο, Λέκτορα του Τμήματος Πληροφορικής Α.Π.Θ., για την εμπιστοσύνη που μου έδειξε αναθέτοντάς μου την εκπόνηση της συγκεκριμένης εργασίας και για την άψογη συνεργασία και πολύτιμη καθοδήγησή του κατά τη διάρκεια της εκπόνησής της. Επίσης, θα ήθελα να εκφράσω τις ευχαριστίες μου στον υποψήφιο διδάκτορα Κωνσταντινίδη Ανδρέα καθώς και στον μεταπτυχιακό φοιτητή Τσομπανίδη Ηλία, για τις χρήσιμες πληροφορίες που μου παρείχαν καθόλη την διάρκεια της
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