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Linux Sound Subsystem Documentation Release 4.13.0-Rc4+
Linux Sound Subsystem Documentation Release 4.13.0-rc4+ The kernel development community Sep 05, 2017 CONTENTS 1 ALSA Kernel API Documentation 1 1.1 The ALSA Driver API ............................................ 1 1.2 Writing an ALSA Driver ........................................... 89 2 Designs and Implementations 145 2.1 Standard ALSA Control Names ...................................... 145 2.2 ALSA PCM channel-mapping API ..................................... 147 2.3 ALSA Compress-Offload API ........................................ 149 2.4 ALSA PCM Timestamping ......................................... 152 2.5 ALSA Jack Controls ............................................. 155 2.6 Tracepoints in ALSA ............................................ 156 2.7 Proc Files of ALSA Drivers ......................................... 158 2.8 Notes on Power-Saving Mode ....................................... 161 2.9 Notes on Kernel OSS-Emulation ..................................... 161 2.10 OSS Sequencer Emulation on ALSA ................................... 165 3 ALSA SoC Layer 171 3.1 ALSA SoC Layer Overview ......................................... 171 3.2 ASoC Codec Class Driver ......................................... 172 3.3 ASoC Digital Audio Interface (DAI) .................................... 174 3.4 Dynamic Audio Power Management for Portable Devices ...................... 175 3.5 ASoC Platform Driver ............................................ 180 3.6 ASoC Machine Driver ............................................ 181 3.7 Audio Pops -
Investigating Choices of Appropriate Devices for One-To-One Computing Initiatives in Schools Worldwide
International Journal of Information and Education Technology, Vol. 6, No. 10, October 2016 Investigating Choices of Appropriate Devices for One-to-One Computing Initiatives in Schools Worldwide M. Sirajul Islam and Annika Andersson schools should be governed by “creating an environment in Abstract—The use of technology in schools is rapidly which the child will become highly involved in experience of increasing – today most notably through the one-to-one (1:1) a kind to provide rich soil for the growth in intuitions and programs that are being implemented all around the world. concepts for dealing with thinking, learning, playing, and so Considering how new technologies are emerging fast and obsoleting others in schools, there is a need to continuously on” [5]. In this direction, one of the first practical initiatives monitor and understand the features of various devices in terms on implementing constructionist learning for children with of embedded technology and interaction with users. This paper computers was the development of programming language therefore presents the nature of computing devices used in 1:1 called „Logo‟ in 1967. Following such initiatives, Alan C. computing programs in schools around the world, including Kay, who was closely associated with Papert for promoting investigating the benefits and drawbacks, by means of a and implementing computer based educational constructivism, systematic literature review and a survey conducted in some schools in Sweden. The paper also presents findings based on developed a laptop computer for children in 1970 based on how the various uses of technology affect cooperation practices the sketches of the KiddiComp called „Daynabook‟ as well as personal exploration. -
Meet the Eee PC
Chapter 1 Meet the Eee PC In This Chapter ▶ Not your average laptop ▶ Popular Eee PC misconceptions ▶ Reviewing Eee PC models ▶ Selecting an Eee PC ▶ Purchasing an Eee PC his chapter introduces you to the ASUS Eee PC. (Eee PC is pronounced Twith a single E, not multiple EEEs, as in “Eeek, a mouse!”) If you’re won- dering where all those Es came from, it’s from a marketing campaign that states the computer is “Easy to learn, easy to work, and easy to play.” In this chapter, I tell you what the Eee PC is — and just as important, what it isn’t. I then list available models, describe their specifications, and conclude by giving you tips on selecting and purchasing an Eee PC. Eee PC: Not Your Average Laptop The Eee PC (see Figure 1-1) has been called a mini-laptop, a subnotebook, a Mobile Internet Device (MID), and a netbook (a catchy marketing buzzword for small, Internet-centric laptops). Whatever you call it, the Eee PC is a shrunk- down, lightweightCOPYRIGHTED laptop that has these keyMATERIAL features: ✓ Small — At just a bit over two pounds and roughly the size of this book, the 7-inch and 8.9-inch screen models are designed to be go-anywhere, do-anything personal computers. To fit in such a small package, keys on the Eee PC are smaller than those found on a typical laptop keyboard — right around 83 percent of normal. After you get used to the small size it’s possible to touch type with some practice. -
ICT & Education Specialist the World Bank
People and Technology in World Class Education Systems News, perspectives and challenges from developing countries Michael Trucano Sr. ICT & Education Specialist The World Bank EMINENT Rome, Italy 4 December 2008 drawing on Lessons from the World Bank and the International Donor Community What we know and what we don’t about using technology in education in developing countries What we know and what we don’t about using technology effectively in education in developing countries (and how might this be relevant for Europe) ? “I believe that the Internet is destined to revolutionize our educational system and that in a few years it will supplant largely, if not entirely, the use of textbooks. It is possible to touch every branch of human knowledge through the Internet . “ I believe that the motion picture is destined to revolutionize our educational system and that in a few years it will supplant largely, if not entirely, the use of textbooks. It is possible to touch every branch of human knowledge through the motion picture . -- Thomas Edison 1922 ICTs in Education ICTS radio computers = information TV & Internet communication phones technologies devices photo opportunities or strategic choices for education reform ? Michael Trucano Sr. ICT & Education Specialist The World Bank helping the World Bank education sector and international donor community and ‘client countries’ “Get smart” @ appropriate relevant effective and, just as importantly… in appropriate ir relevant in effective uses of technologies to aid a variety of developmental objectives in the education sector What is the World Bank ? a global development institution owned by > 180 member countries with: – significant financial resources – an experienced, knowledgeable, and dedicated staff – convening power – experts in more than 100 countries. -
Las Netbook En Educación
Las Netbook en Educación PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Sun, 10 Jun 2012 00:15:15 UTC Contents Articles Historia de las computadoras personales 1 Internet 19 Netbook 28 Tecnologías de la información y la comunicación 31 Web 2.0 53 Docencia 2.0 57 Conectar Igualdad 58 References Article Sources and Contributors 60 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 61 Article Licenses Licencia 63 Historia de las computadoras personales 1 Historia de las computadoras personales La historia de las computadoras personales comenzó en los años 1970. Una computadora personal esta orientado al uso individual y se diferencia de una computadora mainframe, donde las peticiones del usuario final son filtradas a través del personal de operación o un sistema de tiempo compartido, en el cual un procesador grande es compartido por muchos individuos. Después del desarrollo del microprocesador, las computadoras personales llegaron a ser más económicos y se popularizaron. Niños jugando en una computadora Amstrad CPC 464 en los años 1980 Las primeras computadoras personales, generalmente llamados microcomputadoras, fueron vendidos a menudo como kit electrónicos y en números limitados. Fueron de interés principalmente para los aficionados y técnicos. Etimología Originalmente el término "computadora personal" apareció en un artículo del New York Times el 3 de noviembre de 1962, informando de la visión de John W. Mauchly sobre el futuro de la computación, según lo detallado en una -
Leo2012f2linux.Pdf
1 2 Table of contents Title Page Chapter I - History of Linux…...............................................................5 GNU/Linux naming controversy...........................................9 Open Source and Linux Foundation....................................10 BSD License.......................................................................16 Costs.................................................................................18 Chapter II - Linux a multiuser system..................................................21 TTYs.................................................................................23. Group management..........................................................26 Virtual Machines...............................................................30 Chapter III - Installation and applications.............................................35 Linux Installation.............................................................36 Linux Distributions..........................................................37 Installation of applications...............................................42 Window managers and desktop environments..................47 Program equivalents........................................................51 3 Chapter IV – Connecting to Linux....................................................57 About Hardware..........................................................58 Connecting a device to the PC......................................60 Hardware compatibility and recognition.......................61 The kernel...................................................................64 -
Aspireone Cloudbook 11
- 1 Aspire One Cloudbook 11 User’s Manual 2 - © 2015. All Rights Reserved. Aspire One Cloudbook 11 Covers: Aspire AO1-131 This revision: July 2015 Sign up for an Acer ID and enjoy great benefits Open the Acer Portal app to sign up for an Acer ID or sign in if you already have an Acer ID. There are three great reasons for you to get an Acer ID: • Build Your Own Cloud with Acer BYOC. • Get the latest offers and product information. • Register your device for warranty service. For more information, please visit the Acer BYOC website: www.acer.com/byoc-start Important This manual contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright laws. The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice. Images provided herein are for reference only and may contain information or features that do not apply to your computer. Acer Group shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained in this manual. Model number: _________________________________ Serial number: _________________________________ Date of purchase: ______________________________ Place of purchase: ______________________________ Table of contents - 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS First things first 5 Charging the battery ................................. 31 Your guides ............................................. 5 Optimizing battery life ............................... 32 Checking the battery level......................... 33 Basic care and tips for using your Battery-low warning .................................. 33 computer.................................................. 5 Turning your computer off........................... 5 Traveling with your computer 34 Taking care of your computer ..................... 6 Disconnecting from the desktop ............ 34 Taking care of your AC adapter .................. 6 Moving around....................................... 34 Cleaning and servicing................................ 7 Preparing the computer ............................ 34 Your Acer notebook tour 8 What to bring to meetings ........................ -
The Charisma of One Laptop Per Child's XO Laptop in Paraguay
Preprint copy - to appear in: Eden Medina, Ivan da Costa Marques, and Christina Holmes (eds.), Beyond Imported Magic: Essays on Science, Technology, and Society in Latin America. MIT Press, 2014. 10 Translating Magic: The Charisma of One Laptop per Child’s XO Laptop in Paraguay Morgan G. Ames In April 2008 liberal candidate Fernando Lugo won the Paraguayan presidency with 41 percent of the vote. It was the first time Paraguay’s conservative Colorado party had relinquished power in sixty-one years and one of the few peaceful transfers of power between parties in the country’s nearly two-hundred-year history (Nickson 2009). Known by his supporters as the “Bishop of the Poor” for his humanitarian service as a Catholic priest in one of Paraguay’s poorest districts, Lugo centered his campaign on reducing the nation’s bleak social inequalities and widespread corruption (Economist 2008; Nickson 2009). Lugo’s messages of hope and reform lasted beyond his election. During my fieldwork in 2010, many told me about their newfound hopes for Paraguay’s future on the 369 Preprint copy - to appear in: Eden Medina, Ivan da Costa Marques, and Christina Holmes (eds.), Beyond Imported Magic: Essays on Science, Technology, and Society in Latin America. MIT Press, 2014. world stage, even as Lugo became embroiled in scandal and faltered in implementing the dramatic changes he had promised (Economist 2009; Prensa Internacional 2009). Also in 2008, two elite, well-connected Paraguayans, both fresh out of college (one from Tufts University in Massachusetts, one from the Catholic University in Asunción), took up the banner of hope and steered it toward education. -
The Impact on Formal Learning in Primary School Education Authors
One Year of One-to-one Computing in Sri Lanka – The Impact on Formal Learning in Primary School Education Authors: 1) Peter Mozelius1 2) Kalelur Rahuman2 3) G. N. Wikramanayake2 Affiliation: 1) Stockholm University, Sweden 2) University of Colombo, School of Computing, Sri Lanka Abstract: One-to-one computing has lately become a frequently used buzzword in the discussions on e-learning in primary education. The main idea in one-to-one computing is to provide every student with a personal computer. This has often been combined with Internet access and the idea to share content but not to share the computers. Some examples of low-cost laptop brands produced for one-to-one computing are Intel Classmate, Asus Eee PC and the One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) XO computer. Different versions of one-to-one computing concept have recently been implemented in the developing world as well as in several developing countries. This study will focus on the Sri Lankan OLPC initiative and data has been gathered from three selected primary schools. In the Sri Lankan OLPC model there is no focus on Internet connectivity and the emphasis is on content development in local languages. Schools chosen in this first one year pilot project are to be classified as to be “the poorest of the poor” and located in rural areas. The research question in this paper is, if and why the introduction of one-to-one computing has had an impact on the formal learning outcomes. Our measurements of the impact on the formal education results are based on data from the selected schools’ grading registries, but the general analysis and conclusions are also based on observations and interviews with teachers and school principals. -
The Collection
THE COLLECTION TWENTY19 ISSUE1 For more information or a quote email [email protected] or call today on 08448 549 800 01 TRANSFORM > PERFORM THE PORTFOLIO CONTENTS 001. Introduction 007. Software 009. Peripherals and Accessories > Operating Systems > Belkin 002. Notebooks > Microsoft – Computing Accessories > Stone > Targus > Acer 008. Audio Visual and Monitors – Docking Stations, > Toshiba > CTouch Hardware Security and Accessories > HP – Interactive Touchscreens > Samsung > ASUS > Clever Touch – SSDs, Memory Cards and USBs > Lenovo – Interactive Touch > Kingston Technology > Sedao – Encrypted USB Drives 003. Tablets and Other Device Solutions – Digital Signage >y LapCabb > Apple > HANNspree – Device Storage and Charging > Getac – Interactive Touch-Display > LapSafe > Panasonic > BenQ – Device Storage and Charging – Interactive Touch, Digital Signage, > Newstar 004. Desktops Projection and Monitors – Monitor Mounts and Trolleys > Stone > Hitachi > Apple – Projectors and Interactive > ASUS Touch-Display 010. Other Solutions > AMD > Epson > IT Managed Services – Projection and Print > Stone Implementation Services 005. High-Performance Workstations > Intel > Stone Managed Support Services > HP – Collaboration > Stone Assured > Logitech > Printing Solutions 006. Servers, Storage and Infrastructure – Collaboration and Accessories > Brother Printers and Scanners > Hybrid Infrastructure > Iiyama > Stone - Buffalo - NetApp – Touchscreens and Monitors > Recycling Services > Networking and Security > Philips > Secure IT recycling > Cisco - Cisco Meraki – Monitors and USB-C Docking > Refurbished Devices > Rackmount / Pedestal > Asus > Stone – Monitors > Storage > Crucial 02 For more information or a quote email [email protected] or call today on 08448 549 800 We’re proud to partner with many of the world’s leading technology vendors. For more information or a quote email [email protected] or call today on 08448 549 800 03 AN INTRODUCTION.. -
Aspireone Cloudbook 11
- 1 Aspire One Cloudbook 11 User’s Manual 2 - © 2015. All Rights Reserved. Aspire One Cloudbook 11 Covers: Aspire AO1-131 This revision: October 2015 Sign up for an Acer ID and enjoy great benefits Open the Acer Portal app to sign up for an Acer ID or sign in if you already have an Acer ID. There are three great reasons for you to get an Acer ID: • Build Your Own Cloud with Acer BYOC. • Get the latest offers and product information. • Register your device for warranty service. For more information, please visit the Acer BYOC website: www.acer.com/byoc-start Important This manual contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright laws. The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice. Images provided herein are for reference only and may contain information or features that do not apply to your computer. Acer Group shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained in this manual. Model number: _________________________________ Serial number: _________________________________ Date of purchase: ______________________________ Place of purchase: ______________________________ Table of contents - 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS First things first 6 Power management 37 Your guides ............................................. 6 Saving power ......................................... 37 Basic care and tips for using your Battery pack 39 computer.................................................. 7 Battery characteristics ........................... 39 Turning your computer off........................... 7 Charging the battery ................................. 39 Taking care of your computer ..................... 7 Optimizing battery life ............................... 40 Taking care of your AC adapter .................. 8 Checking the battery level......................... 41 Cleaning and servicing................................ 8 Battery-low warning .................................. 41 Your Acer notebook tour 9 Traveling with your computer 42 Screen view............................................ -
The OLPC XO, Intel Classmate PC and Asus Eee PC User Study
The OLPC XO, Intel Classmate PC and Asus Eee PC user study Submitted in partial fulfilment Of the requirements of the degree of Bachelor of Science (Honours) Of Rhodes University Constance Sibanda Grahamstown, South Africa November 2009 i Abstract Information communication technologies (ICTs) are increasingly considered valuable tools in education, promoting higher cognitive processes and allowing teachers and learners access to a wealth of information. However, these technologies are not easily accessible in developing countries such as South Africa, where a large percentage of the population are poor and are said to live below the breadline. The recent creation of small, low cost and low powered laptops called netbooks, are seen as possible solutions to allow or promote the use and integration of ICTs in education in these disadvantaged communities. This project evaluates the intuitiveness of the OLPC XO, the Intel Classmate and the Asus Eee PC in the context of secondary school education through the use of a user study. The user study involved three teachers and three learners from local secondary schools in Grahamstown. The results of the user study revealed that the teachers and learners (on the whole) felt that the Intel Classmate is the most intuitive netbook for secondary school learners involved in the user study. The presence of the VGA port and the portable nature of the Asus Eee were noted by participants as advantageous. The Asus Eee was also found to be appropriate for secondary school education although it was criticised for its small screen, small keyboard and absence of a webcam. Participants felt that the OLPC XO is less intuitive for secondary school educational purposes and is better suited for small children.