DOCSLIB.ORG

Free All Political Prisoners I the Black Panther

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Free All Political Prisoners I the Black Panther THE BLICK PANTHER IS Black Community News Service VOL. IV NO. SATURDAY, JANUARY 17, 1970 MINISTRY OF INFORMATION PUBLISHED BOX 2967, CUSTOM HOUSE WEEKLY THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94126 BOBBY SEALE, CHAIRMAN, B.P.P. HUEY NEWTON, MINISTER OF DEFENSE, B.P.P. POLITICAL PRISONER POLITICAL PRISONER FREE ALL POLITICAL PRISONERS I THE BLACK PANTHER. SATURDAY, JANUARY 17, 1970 PAGE 2 The Victors Prove The LA. Judicial System To Be A Lie, Farce and Mockery Of Justice During the course of the pre­ claims that all during the month laughter. and in fact, Panthers were better noises made by a record player. liminary hearing of the L.A. of November, 1969, he had been When this pig was cross- off than some of the other pris­ He said he identified the voice Panthers In the fascist kangaroo watching our community center on examined by Attorney McKlssick, oners. At this moment four of on the record as being that of :ourt of Judge Harvey Brown, the the west side, the Walter Toure he admitted that the community the brothers jumped up and pro­ one. Eldridge Cleaver,. most rediculous and outlandish Pope Community Center. His con­ center was under surveillance duced four rats, one each, which Branton asked if it was his in­ iisplay of injustice have occurred tribution was, that he had observed all the time and that in the evening they had caught in their cells. tention to perhaps find Eldridge jutslde of Hoffman's court In Panthers "fortifying" that center 15 cars usually road in the im­ The rats were all held on strings Cleaver Inside that building? Pig Chicago. with sand bags, reinforcement of mediate area. attached to their tails. At this Morton just oinked something about On Tuesday, January 13, sev­ doors, etc. He then went on to His stupid partner, Staggs, was point the courtroom was in an that under no circumstances did eral clear examples of this were oink out that with his superhuman next, a recent import from Texas uproar and the judge issued his he expect to find Eldridge Cleaver made: vision and memory he had with a drawal to prove it. He also great official statement, "Those in the building. 1) Tommye Williams' attorney, specifically seen Albert Armour seemed to remember that incident are not rats, they're mice." How­ By this time, and apparentlydue Silver, demanded that he be given at 10 o'clock at night on Novem­ which his partner related about ever, Branton insisted that the re­ to previous times fascist Judge iny statements the DA had attained ber 13, sitting on the porch of the two Panthers at the doorway cord show that the brothers had Brown insisted that Branton con­ In order to cross-examine the so- that center holding a rifle. of the community center with a held up four rodents which they duct himself like other lawyers sailed witnesses, all of whom are When this allegedly happened, rifle on them. Only he identified had caught in their jail cells. or that he learn to "behave". pigs. He added that he had asked Al supposedly jumped up, went one of the Panther's as Will 4) More insanity continued when Branton told this fool that he could the DA for these statements time to the doorway while another Stafford. When Branton asked this a pig, Lt.Morton, testified that he not possibly conduct himself like and again and had received no Panther supposedly stood behind fool how he remembered exactly had allegedly been assaulted with other attorneys but only like Leo reply. Attorney Branton added to him with another gun pointed down who this person had been he said a deadly weapon by two of the Brown as he was no one else. that demand by saying that by law at their car. His identification of that first because he had a defendants when he had entered This executioner of justice de­ these documents were supposed to this other Panther was by point­ photostatic memory when his life the Panthers headquarter's. He clared that if Mr. Branton did be furnished to the defense. ing out brother Wayne Pharr in was in danger and secondly because claimed that even though he was not see fit to conduct himself bet­ "Harvey Hitler" said that he the courtroom. He said that the he remembered that man to be a not in uniform, he did identify ter or to behave, that the court wasn't going to tell the DA how same brother on November 5th, "negra" with a short haircut and himself as a police officer and would then have to deny or over­ to run his office and that was that. had been on the front porch and round face. had held his hands in plain view rule every motion Mr. Branton 2) Then the main event-- argued with him saying things like, 3) Leo Branton, our chief coun­ to prove that lie had no gun in made until he learned better. succession of pigs began filing in, the pigs days were over and so sel, put forth a motion to ask that his hands. He was still told to so-called witnesses to support the forth. He said he even knew this the jail conditions be improved leave the office at the point of a pig DA, Steven Trott, claimed Panther's name, "his name is Paul that for one thing there were rats gun. He claimed that he had only ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE that the Panthers have always acted Redd." Yet he had identified the in the cell. gone into the building to investi­ "violently" towards the pigs. brother as Wayne Pharr. The "Harvey Hitler" declared that gate a complaint made by the store BLACK PANTHER PARTY There was a pig, Derein, who whole courtroom roared with he had recently visited the jail owner next door about the loud Southern California Chapter in jails. One Panther is detained there: Note: Dr. Robert Peck visited •Tommye Williams, age 20, injured RALLY four prisoners in the jail ward at in the raid on the Central Head­ L.A. County General Hospital on quarters on Central Avenue. She Tuesday. December 9, 1969. has been confined to a single room Note: Dr. (Jail Fisher visitedtwo since her transfer from the men at the new county jail and LACGH. Her mother was not al­ FOR L.A. the four women at the women's lowed to visit until 10 days after county jail on Friday, December arrest. Tommye does not have visi­ 12, 1969. She was not allowed to tors or contact with anyone ex­ see the medical record of Tommye cept the attorneys. Williams, seriously injured. Note: Several male Panthers held PANTHERS Note: Dr. Jim Klein visited one in detention in the County J ail were male prisoner on Saturday, not removed with other men when On Tuesday, January 6th, ap­ December 13. toilets backed up spilling into the proximately 500 people gathered in front of the Hall of "In-Justice" Since the above dates, no outside small cell. in downtown Los Angeles to show doctor has been allowed to visit Note: Several male Panthers in their support for the 19 Panthers any of the prisoners. Telephone the Hall of Justice have been ex­ who were going to preliminary calls to the medical director, posed daily to chilling tempera­ hearings. The people (most Black) Dr. Grahan, have been ignored. tures with windows opened and no were enthusiastical in showing 3. Deliberate attempts have been heat in the early AM hours. their support of the brave and courageous menandwomen—Pan­ made to induce illness or injury Note: A petition has been signed thers—who had survived the vic­ through beatings and other physi­ by women prisoners in 12 dorms ious gestapo attack on last Decem­ cal abuse, through denial of hy­ at the Sybil Brand Institute. It pro­ ber 8th. They shouted and giene measures and proper envir­ tests the poor medical treatment screamed to the Panthers, "All onment and through denial of med­ and names the nurse supervisor Power to the People--Free All ication ordered by physicians. as one of the principle offenders. Political Prisoners", and they were heard in the 7th floor court­ These abuses have been perpe­ She has been accused of tearing room. trated by the prison guards and up doctor's prescriptions, refusing The variety of speakers showed nurses and other personnel respon­ to give medication on order and to anyone who had eyes that the sible for the safety and welfare refusing to answer requests for masses of people—Black, White, L. A. RALLY, JANUARY 6, 1969 of prisoners. medical treatment, some of it for and Brown—were clear on who Note: Prisoners exposed to tear emergencies. (There are several the friends of the people are and gas before and during arrest were epileptics there. One died on De­ who their enemies are. The peo­ unable to bathe if they were: a) cember 26, 1969.) ple understood and made lt clear that the Black Panther Party was PRISONERS ARE DENIED lacking funds to purchase soap, The rights to a healthful en­ in fact the vanguard of the strug­ b) absent on the day the once week­ vironment and health care are un­ gle for liberation of Black people ly showers are available to those deniable and yet, they are being in particular and all oppressed HEALTH RIGHTS in cell blocks, c) in the "adjust­ denied daily in prisons and jails. people In general. The speakers ment center" (hole) where showers You are asked to join other included the Black Panther Party The concern of active L.A.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • National Museum of American Jewish History, Leonard Bernstein
    Narrative Section of a Successful Application The attached document contains the grant narrative and selected portions of a previously funded grant application. It is not intended to serve as a model, but to give you a sense of how a successful application may be crafted. Every successful application is different, and each applicant is urged to prepare a proposal that reflects its unique project and aspirations. Prospective applicants should consult the Research Programs application guidelines at https://www.neh.gov/grants/public/public-humanities- projects for instructions. Applicants are also strongly encouraged to consult with the NEH Division of Research Programs staff well before a grant deadline. Note: The attachment only contains the grant narrative and selected portions, not the entire funded application. In addition, certain portions may have been redacted to protect the privacy interests of an individual and/or to protect confidential commercial and financial information and/or to protect copyrighted materials. Project Title: Leonard Bernstein: The Power of Music Institution: National Museum of American Jewish History Project Director: Ivy Weingram Grant Program: America's Historical and Cultural Organizations: Planning Grants 1100 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W., Rm. 426, Washington, D.C. 20506 P 202.606.8269 F 202.606.8557 E [email protected] www.neh.gov THE NATURE OF THE REQUEST The National Museum of American Jewish History (NMAJH) respectfully requests a planning grant of $50,000 from the National Endowment for the Humanities to support the development of the special exhibition Leonard Bernstein: The Power of Music (working title), opening in March 2018 to celebrate the centennial year of Bernstein’s birth.
    [Show full text]
  • Israeli History "From Below" the Role of Children & Youth, Immigrants, Minorities and Professionals in the Shaping of a New Society 1948-1977
    Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Ben-Gurion Research Institute for the Study of Israel and Zionism The Israel Studies International MA Program Spring Semester 2013 Israeli History "From Below" The Role of Children & Youth, Immigrants, Minorities and Professionals in the Shaping of a New Society 1948-1977 Thursday 13:00 – 16:30 Sede Boqer Campus Dr. Tali Tadmor-Shimoni Email: [email protected] Office hours: Sde-Boqer Campus, BGRI, Moran Building – Thursday 10:00-12:00 Dr. Paula Kabalo Email: [email protected] Phone: 08 659 6962 (office) Office hours: Sde Boqer Campus, BGRI, Moran Building – Thursday 10:00-12:00 Course Description and Objectives : This research seminar sheds light on the unheard voices of Israeli history. Individuals and groups that acted behind the scenes and shaped the Israeli cultural and social mosaic between 1948 – 1970s. At the center stage of the course, stand people with distinct class, cultural, ethnic, religion and generational characteristics. Throughout the course these people will serve as the voices of the new Israeli society, and their actions, challenges and struggles will provide an in depth understanding of Israel's social history. Amongst the groups and individuals that will be examined we can mention: immigrants, children and youth, Arab citizens, professionals from various fields that served as mediators between the state and its marginalized groups (educators, community activists and nurses ). Junctions in Israel's civic and constitutional history will be analyzed through the lens of these groups, such as – the struggle on the nature of the immigrants education, the Wadi Salib Riots, the students struggle against corruption, Al-Ard movement and the struggle for Arab rights of association, the first settlement actions in the Golan Heights and Gush-Etzion after 1967, grassroots political activism, in the radical left and right – Mazpen and the Jewish Defense League in Israel , the Israeli Black Panthers, the events and background the Land Day and more.
    [Show full text]
  • Radicalization of the Settlers' Youth: Hebron As a Hub for Jewish Extremism
    © 2014, Global Media Journal -- Canadian Edition Volume 7, Issue 1, pp. 69-85 ISSN: 1918-5901 (English) -- ISSN: 1918-591X (Français) Radicalization of the Settlers’ Youth: Hebron as a Hub for Jewish Extremism Geneviève Boucher Boudreau University of Ottawa, Canada Abstract: The city of Hebron has been a hub for radicalization and terrorism throughout the modern history of Israel. This paper examines the past trends of radicalization and terrorism in Hebron and explains why it is still a present and rising ideology within the Jewish communities and organization such as the Hilltop Youth movement. The research first presents the transmission of social memory through memorials and symbolism of the Hebron hills area and then presents the impact of Meir Kahana’s movement. As observed, Hebron slowly grew and spread its population and philosophy to the then new settlement of Kiryat Arba. An exceptionally strong ideology of an extreme form of Judaism grew out of those two small towns. As analyzed—based on an exhaustive ethnographic fieldwork and bibliographic research—this form of fundamentalism and national-religious point of view gave birth to a new uprising of violence and radicalism amongst the settler youth organizations such as the Hilltop Youth movement. Keywords: Judaism; Radicalization; Settlers; Terrorism; West Bank Geneviève Boucher Boudreau 70 Résumé: Dès le début de l’histoire moderne de l’État d’Israël, les villes d’Hébron et Kiryat Arba sont devenues une plaque tournante pour la radicalisation et le terrorisme en Cisjordanie. Cette recherche examine cette tendance, explique pourquoi elle est toujours d’actualité ainsi qu’à la hausse au sein de ces communautés juives.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Ultra-Orthodox Political Parties in Israeli Democracy
    Luke Howson University of Liverpool The Role of Ultra-Orthodox Political Parties in Israeli Democracy Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy By Luke Howson July 2014 Committee: Clive Jones, BA (Hons) MA, PhD Prof Jon Tonge, PhD 1 Luke Howson University of Liverpool © 2014 Luke Howson All Rights Reserved 2 Luke Howson University of Liverpool Abstract This thesis focuses on the role of ultra-orthodox party Shas within the Israeli state as a means to explore wider themes and divisions in Israeli society. Without underestimating the significance of security and conflict within the structure of the Israeli state, in this thesis the Arab–Jewish relationship is viewed as just one important cleavage within the Israeli state. Instead of focusing on this single cleavage, this thesis explores the complex structure of cleavages at the heart of the Israeli political system. It introduces the concept of a ‘cleavage pyramid’, whereby divisions are of different saliency to different groups. At the top of the pyramid is division between Arabs and Jews, but one rung down from this are the intra-Jewish divisions, be they religious, ethnic or political in nature. In the case of Shas, the religious and ethnic elements are the most salient. The secular–religious divide is a key fault line in Israel and one in which ultra-orthodox parties like Shas are at the forefront. They and their politically secular counterparts form a key division in Israel, and an exploration of Shas is an insightful means of exploring this division further, its history and causes, and how these groups interact politically.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Trenches
    Martyn Williams H R N K Attack Mirae Wi-Fi Family Medicine Healthy Food Korean Basics Handbook Medicinal Recipes Picture Memory I Can Be My Travel Weather 2.0 Matching Competition Gifted Too Companion ! Agricultural Stone Magnolia Escpe from Mount Baekdu Weather Remover ERRORTelevision the Labyrinth Series 1.25 Foreign apps not permitted. Report to your nearest inminban leader. Business Number Practical App Store E-Bookstore Apps Tower Beauty Skills 2.0 Chosun Great Chosun Global News KCNA Battle of Cuisine Dictionary of Wisdom Terms DIGITAL TRENCHES North Korea’s Information Counter-Offensive DIGITAL TRENCHES North Korea’s Information Counter-Offensive Copyright © 2019 Committee for Human Rights in North Korea Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior permission of the Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea 1001 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 435 Washington, DC 20036 P: (202) 499-7970 www.hrnk.org Print ISBN: 978-0-9995358-7-5 Digital ISBN: 978-0-9995358-8-2 Library of Congress Control Number: 2019919723 Cover translations by Julie Kim, HRNK Research Intern. BOARD OF DIRECTORS Gordon Flake, Co-Chair Katrina Lantos Swett, Co-Chair John Despres,
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnicity and Education: Nation-Building, State-Formation, and the Construction of the Israeli Educational System
    ETHNICITY AND EDUCATION: NATION-BUILDING, STATE-FORMATION, AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE ISRAELI EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM GAL LEVY A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR PHD DEGREE THE LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF LONDON 2002 2 ABSTRACT The dissertation is about the ethnicisation of social relations in Israeli society and its reflection and manifestation in education. My main aim in this study is twofold: first, to offer a critical account of the development of ethnic relations in Israeli society and to examine the role ethnicity has played in the processes of nation-building and state-formation; and, second, to propose a history of the educational system in Israel which accounts for the role of education in creating and perpetuating ethnic identities. The first part of the dissertation consists of a critical reading of existing analyses of ethnicity in Israel. Its aim is to bring the state into the analysis of ethnic relations and demonstrate that such an approach is vital to the understanding of ethnic relations and identities. In the following part, I trace back the processes of nation-building and state-formation demonstrating how governments and major political actors became involved in the formation and re-production of ethnic boundaries within Israeli society. In these two parts, I am arguing against both functionalist and critical accounts of ethnicity in Israel, which tend to ‘essentialise’ ethnic categories and thus deny the political nature of ethnicity and its power as an organising basis for political action. In the third and major part of the dissertation, I seek to re-construct the history of the Israeli educational system within an understanding of ethnicity as a structural feature of state-society relations.
    [Show full text]
  • Victimhood, Protest, and Agency in Contemporary Mizrahi Films in Israel Yaron Shemer, University of Texas, Austin, USA
    Victimhood, Protest, and Agency in Contemporary Mizrahi Films in Israel Yaron Shemer, University of Texas, Austin, USA Introduction Scholarship on Israeli society, culture, and politics has shown a growing interest in the predicament of the Mizrahi/Sephardi community which comprises of Jews whose origins are largely in the Arab/Muslim Middle East and North Africa. [1] The socio-cultural marginalization and displacement of the Mizrahim in Israel is often contrasted in this scholarship with the status and privileges enjoyed by the hegemonic Ashkenazim -- Jews of a European descent. Seminal works in the late 1980s by Ella Shohat -- Israeli Cinema: East/West and the Politics of Representation (1989), Shlomo Swirski -- Israel: The Oriental Majority (1989), and Daniel Elazar -- The Other Jews: The Sephardim Today (1989), set the parameters for the ethno-political counter-hegemonic discourse and have inspired the recent scholarly commitment to examine the ethnic dilemma of the Mizrahim. The earlier, mostly benign views regarding the Mizrahi/Sephardi issue in the nascent state tended to attribute this community's inferior socio-economic status to the following factors: (1) general harsh economic conditions during the time of the immigrants' absorption in Israel, mostly in the 1950s and 1960s; (2) the role of seniority -- (Mizrahi) newcomers vs. (Ashkenazi) old-timers -- in determining social mobility and political clout; and (3) the Mizrahi immigrants' baggage of the putatively "primitive" traditions which have hindered their full integration
    [Show full text]
  • Present Scenario of South-East Asian Countries’ Newspapers to Cater Local Scientific Issues Through the Regional Languages: an Epistemological Case Study
    International Journal of Research in Advance Engineering, (IJRAE) Vol. 3, Issue 1, Jan-Feb-2017, Available at: www.knowledgecuddle.com/index.php/IJRAE Present Scenario of South-East Asian Countries’ Newspapers to Cater Local Scientific Issues through the Regional Languages: An Epistemological Case Study Prof. (Dr.) Tapati Basu1, Ratul Datta (Ph.D. Research Scholar)2 12Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Calcutta, 1Senate House, 87/1, College Street, Kolkata-700 073, 2Govt Gazetted Officer, Information & Cultural Affairs Department, Govt of West Bengal, Writers’ Buildings, W.B., Kolkata-700 001, India [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: This paper contains the background of the need of the study of growing interest in local scientific issues in regional languages newspapers. Mass communication of scientific issues at local level through regional newspapers is more or less same in the South-east Asian countries, particularly in India, Thailand, Afghanistan and Pakistan. For years, mass communication through regional newspapers had been believed the most important engine for social changes, and hence this study becomes very important. Obviously the questions arise, what about the regional and local newspapers which are published regionally from those countries of South-east Asia? Is there sufficient translator in the media houses who have thorough knowledge of local language and jargons? How far those translated news is correct and not distorted? English language was taken at one hand and Dari for Afghanistan, Bangla for Bangladesh, Hindi for India, Bahasa for Indonesia, Urdu for Pakistan, Thai for Thailand, Mandarin for China, Korean for South and North Korea, Russian for Russia on the other hand.
    [Show full text]
  • DISCUSSION GUIDE Table of Contents
    DISCUSSION GUIDE Table of Contents Using this Guide 1 From the Filmmaker 2 The Film 3 Framing the Context of the Black Panther Party 4 Frequently Asked Questions 6 The Black Panther Party 10-Point Platform 9 Background on Select Subjects 10 Planning Your Discussion 13 In Their Own Words 18 Resources 19 Credits 21 DISCUSSION GUIDE THE BLACK PANTHERS Using This Guide This discussion guide will help support organizations hosting Indie Lens Pop-Up events for the film The Black Panthers: Vanguard of the Revolution, as well as other community groups, organizations, and educators who wish to use the film to prompt discussion and engagement with audiences of all sizes. This guide is a tool to facilitate dialogue and deepen understanding of the complex topics in the film The Black Panthers: Vanguard of the Revolution. It is also an invitation not only to sit back and enjoy the show, but also to step up and take action. It raises thought-provoking questions to encourage viewers to think more deeply and spark conversations with one another. We present suggestions for areas to explore in panel discussions, in the classroom, in communities, and online. We also include valuable resources and Indie Lens Pop-Up is a neighborhood connections to organizations on the ground series that brings people together for that are fighting to make a difference. film screenings and community-driven conversations. Featuring documentaries seen on PBS’s Independent Lens, Indie Lens Pop-Up draws local residents, leaders, and organizations together to discuss what matters most, from newsworthy topics to family and relationships.
    [Show full text]
  • Black Panther Party: 1966-1982
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Departmental Papers (ASC) Annenberg School for Communication 1-1-2000 Black Panther Party: 1966-1982 Michael X. Delli Carpini University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/asc_papers Part of the Social Influence and oliticalP Communication Commons Recommended Citation (OVERRIDE) Delli Carpini, M. X. (2000). Black panther party: 1966-1982. In I. Ness & J. Ciment (Eds.), The encyclopedia of third parties in America (pp. 190-197). Armonke, NY: Sharpe Reference. Retrieved from http://repository.upenn.edu/asc_papers/1 NOTE: At the time of publication, the author Michael X. Delli Carpini was affiliated with Columbia University. Currently January 2008, he is a faculty member of the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania. This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/asc_papers/1 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Black Panther Party: 1966-1982 Abstract The Black Panther party was founded in Oakland, California, in 1966. From its beginnings as a local, community organization with a handful of members, it expanded into a national and international party. By 1980, however, the Black Panther party was once again mainly an Oakland-based organization, with no more than fifty active members. In 1982, the party came to an official end. Despite itselativ r ely short history, its modest membership, and its general eschewing of electoral politics, the Black Panther party was arguably the best known and most controversial of the black militant political organizations of the 1960s, with a legacy that continues to this day.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    Governing through Educational Discourse The Case of Integration in Israel, 1970-1973 Tali Yariv Mashal, Hebrew University of Jerusalem Gilo Citizenship Democracy and Civic Education Center, Research Fellow Issues of ethnicity, culture, and national identity have been central in every political and social circle in Israel since the first days of the Zionist movement. The “new Jew,” a term created and lionized by the Zionist movement at the end of the 19th century, shadowed Israeli society and remained a critical part of the struggle for national identity and unity in the State of Israel after its independence in 1948. This Jew was to be a white, educated, westernized citizen, involved in both political and social processes, knowledgeable in the terms of the Western world. The concepts of the new Israeli-Jew completely ignored the fact that since the first days of the Zionist movement, the Middle Eastern Jew, born, raised and significantly involved in Arab countries, was a notable part of it and of the process of building the Jewish state of Israel. The term “integration” first entered the Israeli social scene during the 1960s, when political and social changes in the U.S. and Europe changed the global discussion of and reference to democracy, minorities, and rights. Concepts of civic struggle, political power, and social change quietly crept into Israeli reality, slowly influencing the ways people thought about and acted as part of the Israeli democratic civic society. At the same time, it was already in the 1960s that social and economic inequality between Middle Eastern (Mizrahi) and European/American (Ashkenazi) Jews was a permanent feature of the Israeli society and created an unrest and discomfort among Mizrahi communities.
    [Show full text]
  • (Re)Imagining Food Systems 21 (RE)IMAGINING FOOD SYSTEMS
    (Re)Imagining Food Systems 21 (RE)IMAGINING FOOD SYSTEMS From Charity to Solidarity SURF Conference Panel Session 10 By: Hussin Javier Kordi Mentor: Dr. Clare Talwalker, International and Area Studies In 1966, the Black Panther Party was founded in Oakland, California. Through fundraising and community organizing, the Black Panthers gave birth to a series of community programs to meet the material needs of people in neighborhoods marginalized by political oppression and poverty. By the end of 1969, the most successful of these programs, Free Breakfast for Children, was feeding ten thousand children across the United States daily.1 The Black Panther’s “Survival Programs” (as they were formally called) were distinct from the dominant ideological and economic practices of the time because they were based on cooperation instead of competition, interdependency instead of individualism, and empowerment instead of charity. The Black Panthers sought to challenge the structural causes of poverty through the solidarity and social organizing of their own communities. This summer, I conducted ethnographic research in the birthplace of Free Breakfast for Children—the food deserts of Oakland, where many residents without physical or financial access to grocery stores and farmer’s markets cannot get enough calories or nutrients to sustain a healthy life.2 Because of the dire state of food access, many nonprofit and charity organizations are located in these neighborhoods. However, unlike the Survival Programs that challenged poverty through community
    [Show full text]