Social Report 2009 Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity
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"First Report on the State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources"
Country Report of Australia for the FAO First Report on the State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................................5 CHAPTER 1 ASSESSING THE STATE OF AGRICULTURAL BIODIVERSITY THE FARM ANIMAL SECTOR IN AUSTRALIA.................................................................................7 1.1 OVERVIEW OF AUSTRALIAN AGRICULTURE, ANIMAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND RELATED ANIMAL BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY. ......................................................................................................7 Australian Agriculture - general context .....................................................................................7 Australia's agricultural sector: production systems, diversity and outputs.................................8 Australian livestock production ...................................................................................................9 1.2 ASSESSING THE STATE OF CONSERVATION OF FARM ANIMAL BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY..............10 Major agricultural species in Australia.....................................................................................10 Conservation status of important agricultural species in Australia..........................................11 Characterisation and information systems ................................................................................12 1.3 ASSESSING THE STATE OF UTILISATION OF FARM ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES IN AUSTRALIA. ........................................................................................................................................................12 -
Overview of Native Chicken Breeds in Italy: Conservation Status and Rearing Systems in Use
animals Article Overview of Native Chicken Breeds in Italy: Conservation Status and Rearing Systems in Use Annelisse Castillo 1 , Marta Gariglio 1, Alessandro Franzoni 1, Dominga Soglia 1 , Stefano Sartore 1 , Arianna Buccioni 2 , Federica Mannelli 2 , Martino Cassandro 3 , Filippo Cendron 3 , Cesare Castellini 4 , Alice Cartoni Mancinelli 4, Nicolaia Iaffaldano 5 , Michele Di Iorio 5 , Margherita Marzoni 6 , Sonia Salvucci 6, Silvia Cerolini 7 , Luisa Zaniboni 7 and Achille Schiavone 1,* 1 Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; [email protected] (A.C.); [email protected] (M.G.); [email protected] (A.F.); [email protected] (D.S.); [email protected] (S.S.) 2 Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali, Università di Firenze, Via delle Cascine 5, 50144 Firenze, Italy; arianna.buccioni@unifi.it (A.B.); federica.mannelli@unifi.it (F.M.) 3 Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; [email protected] (M.C.); fi[email protected] (F.C.) 4 Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università di Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy; [email protected] (C.C.); [email protected] (A.C.M.) 5 Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Via Francesco De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, -
Tesi Finale Dottorato
INDICE GENERALE 1. INTRODUZIONE............................................................................................................................3 1.1. La tracciabilità dei prodotti di origine animale: alcuni elementi.........................................3 1.2. Elementi di genetica molecolare..........................................................................................4 1.2.1. I marcatori genetici.......................................................................................................4 1.2.2. Lo stato di avanzamento nello studio del genoma degli animali di interesse zootecnico...............................................................................................................................6 1.3. Tracciabilità dei prodotti di origine animale e genetica molecolare....................................8 1.4. I prodotti “monorazza”.......................................................................................................10 1.5. Genetica e biochimica del colore del mantello: alcuni elementi........................................16 1.6. Genetica molecolare e colore del mantello........................................................................19 1.6.1. Il gene MC1R nella specie bovina.............................................................................21 1.6.2. Il gene MC1R nella specie suina................................................................................26 1.6.3. Il gene KIT nella specie bovina..................................................................................26 -
Cd Marsia Miranda Phd Thesis Xxx Cycle Agriculture
UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DEL MOLISE Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences International Ph.D Course in: AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (C URRICULUM : Welfare, biotechnology and quality of animal production) (C YCLE XXX) Related disciplinary scientific section: AGR/20 (Zoocolture) PhD thesis Semen cryopreservation as a tool for preserving genetic biodiversity of avian and rabbit species: national cryobank launch Coordinator of the Ph.D Course: Prof. Giuseppe Maiorano Supervisor: Ph.D candidate: Prof. Nicolaia Iaffaldano Marsia Miranda-153768 ACADEMIC YEAR 2016/2017 INTRODUCTION The conservation of genetic diversity in livestock species can be related to biological, social, cultural and economic aspects. Animal genetic resources and animal management systems are an integral part of ecosystems and productive landscape in Italy, Europe and all over the world. Local breeds can be considered as a part of the history of some human populations as well as important materials from a scientific point of view. To date there is an urgent need of a specific conservation program for these breeds because of the limited number of their individuals and their risk of extinction. Although the local breeds are usually not competitive for production traits, they may carry valuable features such as disease resistance or distinctive product quality. The higher economic value of typical productions compared to conventional commercial products and the growing consumer preferences towards food quality, could strongly support the need to launch conservation programs of livestock biodiversity. In this regard, efficient in situ and ex situ conservation strategies are obligatory tools in order to implement an appropriate action for the conservation of livestock biodiversity. -
Influence of the Casein Composite Genotype on Milk Quality And
animals Article Influence of the Casein Composite Genotype on Milk Quality and Coagulation Properties in the Endangered Agerolese Cattle Breed Sara Albarella 1,* , Maria Selvaggi 2, Emanuele D’Anza 1, Gianfranco Cosenza 3 , Simonetta Caira 4, Andrea Scaloni 4, Annunziata Fontana 5, Vincenzo Peretti 1 and Francesca Ciotola 1 1 Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; [email protected] (E.D.); [email protected] (V.P.); [email protected] (F.C.); 2 Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; [email protected] 3 Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; [email protected] 4 Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147 Naples, Italy; [email protected] (S.C.); [email protected] (A.S.) 5 Laboratory of milk analyses (LSL), Italian Breeders Association (AIA), 00054 Maccarese, Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-081-2536502; Fax: +39-081-292981 Received: 16 April 2020; Accepted: 18 May 2020; Published: 20 May 2020 Simple Summary: Characterization of variants in casein genes allows breeders and researchers to select the most suitable cows for milk production within the same breed. It has been observed that milk from different cattle breeds with the same casein composite genotype shows different chemical and coagulation properties. The aim of this work was to characterize CSN1S1, CSN2 and CSN3 gene variants in Agerolese cattle, an Italian autochthonous breed, milk of which is used to produce “Provolone del Monaco”, a PDO cheese with a relevant economic interest for the Lattari Mountains area and the Sorrento Peninsula (Naples, Italy). -
Double Muscling in Cattle Due to Mutations in the Myostatin Gene
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 94, pp. 12457–12461, November 1997 Genetics Double muscling in cattle due to mutations in the myostatin gene ALEXANDRA C. MCPHERRON AND SE-JIN LEE* Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205 Communicated by Daniel Nathans, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, August 26, 1997 (received for review August 12, 1997) ABSTRACT Myostatin (GDF-8) is a member of the trans- zebrafish (kindly provided by S. Fisher and M. Halpern, forming growth factor b superfamily of secreted growth and Carnegie Institution of Washington) skeletal muscle tissue as differentiation factors that is essential for proper regulation described (5). cDNA libraries were constructed in the lZAP of skeletal muscle mass in mice. Here we report the myostatin II vector (Stratagene) according to the instructions provided sequences of nine other vertebrate species and the identifica- by the manufacturer and screened without amplification. Rat tion of mutations in the coding sequence of bovine myostatin and baboon skeletal muscle cDNA libraries and a bovine in two breeds of double-muscled cattle, Belgian Blue and (Holstein) genomic library were purchased from Stratagene. Piedmontese, which are known to have an increase in muscle Library screening and analysis of clones were carried out as mass relative to conventional cattle. The Belgian Blue myo- described (5), except that the final washes were carried out in statin sequence contains an 11-nucleotide deletion in the third 25 mM sodium phosphate (pH 8.5), 0.5 M NaCl, 2 mM EDTA, exon which causes a frameshift that eliminates virtually all of and 0.5% SDS at 65°C. -
Animal Genetic Resources Information Bulletin
The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Les appellations employées dans cette publication et la présentation des données qui y figurent n’impliquent de la part de l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture aucune prise de position quant au statut juridique des pays, territoires, villes ou zones, ou de leurs autorités, ni quant au tracé de leurs frontières ou limites. Las denominaciones empleadas en esta publicación y la forma en que aparecen presentados los datos que contiene no implican de parte de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación juicio alguno sobre la condición jurídica de países, territorios, ciudades o zonas, o de sus autoridades, ni respecto de la delimitación de sus fronteras o límites. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and the extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Information Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy. Tous droits réservés. Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite, mise en mémoire dans un système de recherche documentaire ni transmise sous quelque forme ou par quelque procédé que ce soit: électronique, mécanique, par photocopie ou autre, sans autorisation préalable du détenteur des droits d’auteur. -
Aurochs Genetics, a Cornerstone of European Biodiversity
Aurochs genetics, a cornerstone of European biodiversity Picture: Manolo Uno (c) Staffan Widstrand Authors: • drs. Ronald Goderie (Taurus Foundation); • dr. Johannes A. Lenstra (Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine); • Maulik Upadhyay (pHD Wageningen University); • dr. Richard Crooijmans (Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre, Wageningen University); • ir. Leo Linnartz (Ark Nature) Summary of: Aurochs Genetics, a cornerstone of biodiversity Preface In 2015 a report is written on Aurochs genetics, made possible by a grant from the Dutch Liberty Wildlife fund. This fund provided the Taurus foundation with a grant of EUR 20.000 to conduct genetic research on aurochs and its relation with nowadays so- called ‘primitive’ breeds. This is the summary of that report. This summary shortly describes the current state of affairs, what we do know early 2015 about the aurochs, about domestic cattle and the relationship of aurochs and the primitive breeds used in the Tauros Programme. Nijmegen, December 2015. page 2 Summary of: Aurochs Genetics, a cornerstone of biodiversity Table of contents Preface 2 Table of contents ......................................................................................................... 3 Summary ..................................................................................................................... 4 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 6 2 Aurochs: a short description ................................................................................. -
Local Cattle Breeds in Europe Development of Policies and Strategies for Self-Sustaining Breeds
Local cattle breeds in Europe Development of policies and strategies for self-sustaining breeds edited by: Sipke Joost Hiemstra Yvett e de Haas Asko Mäki-Tanila Gustavo Gandini Local cattle breeds in Europe Local cattle breeds in Europe Development of policies and strategies for self-sustaining breeds edited by: Sipke Joost Hiemstra Centre for Genetic Resources, the Netherlands (CGN), Wageningen University and Research Centre, Lelystad, the Netherlands Yvette de Haas Centre for Genetic Resources, the Netherlands (CGN), Wageningen University and Research Centre, Lelystad, the Netherlands Asko Mäki-Tanila MTT Agrifood Research, Joikonen, Finland Gustavo Gandini Department VSA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy Wageningen Academic P u b l i s h e r s This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned. Nothing ISBN: 978-90-8686-144-6 from this publication may be translated, e-ISBN: 978-90-8686-697-7 reproduced, stored in a computerised DOI: 10.3921/978-90-8686-697-7 system or published in any form or in any manner, including electronic, mechanical, reprographic or photographic, without prior Photos cover: written permission from the publisher: CGN and INIA Wageningen Academic Publishers P.O. Box 220 Photos breedcases: 6700 AE Wageningen Veeteelt The Netherlands Kerry Cattle Society www.WageningenAcademic.com MTT EURECA Consortium Partners The individual contributions in this publication and any liabilities arising from them remain the responsibility of the First published, 2010 authors. The publisher is not responsible for possible © Wageningen Academic Publishers damages, which could be a result of content The Netherlands, 2010 derived from this publication. -
Analisi Delle Produzioni in Tipi Genetici a Limitata Diffusione
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DSpace a Parma UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI PARMA Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie Dottorato in Produzioni Animali, Biotecnologie Veterinarie, Qualità e Sicurezza degli Alimenti XXV ciclo ANALISI DELLE PRODUZIONI IN TIPI GENETICI A LIMITATA DIFFUSIONE Productions analysis in limited size populations Coordinatore Chiar.ma Prof. Paola Superchi Tutor Chiar.mo Prof. Alberto Sabbioni Chiar.ma Prof. Emanuela Zanardi Dottorando Dott. Valerio Paini Anno Accademico 2011/2012 1 INDICE ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................... 3 PREMESSE........................................................................................................................... 5 Importanza della biodiversità ............................................................................................ 5 Importanza della variabilità genetica................................................................................. 6 Tutela della Biodiversità in Italia e, in particolare, in Emilia Romagna ........................... 7 ATTIVITÀ DEL TRIENNIO DI DOTTORATO ............................................................... 10 Suino Nero di Parma ....................................................................................................... 11 Razza bovina Reggiana .................................................................................................. -
Testing Scenarios of European Colonization Using Genome-Wide SNP Da
Senczuk et al. Genet Sel Evol (2021) 53:48 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12711-021-00639-w Genetics Selection Evolution RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access On the origin and diversifcation of Podolian cattle breeds: testing scenarios of European colonization using genome-wide SNP data Gabriele Senczuk1* , Salvatore Mastrangelo2, Paolo Ajmone‑Marsan3, Zsolt Becskei4, Paolo Colangelo5, Licia Colli3, Luca Ferretti6, Taki Karsli7, Hovirag Lancioni8, Emiliano Lasagna9, Donata Marletta10, Christian Persichilli1, Baldassare Portolano2, Francesca M. Sarti9, Elena Ciani11 and Fabio Pilla1 Abstract Background: During the Neolithic expansion, cattle accompanied humans and spread from their domestication centres to colonize the ancient world. In addition, European cattle occasionally intermingled with both indicine cattle and local aurochs resulting in an exclusive pattern of genetic diversity. Among the most ancient European cattle are breeds that belong to the so‑called Podolian trunk, the history of which is still not well established. Here, we used genome‑wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data on 806 individuals belonging to 36 breeds to reconstruct the origin and diversifcation of Podolian cattle and to provide a reliable scenario of the European colonization, through an approximate Bayesian computation random forest (ABC‑RF) approach. Results: Our results indicate that European Podolian cattle display higher values of genetic diversity indices than both African taurine and Asian indicine breeds. Clustering analyses show that Podolian breeds share close genomic relationships, which suggests a likely common genetic ancestry. Among the simulated and tested scenarios of the colonization of Europe from taurine cattle, the greatest support was obtained for the model assuming at least two waves of difusion. -
Performance and Reproductive Traits of Three Difference Italian Poultry
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Kaposvári Egyetem Folyóiratai / Kaposvar University: E-Journals Acta Agraria Kaposváriensis (2006) Vol 10 No 2, 19-26 Kaposvári Egyetem, Állattudományi Kar, Kaposvár University of Kaposvár, Faculty of Animal Science, Kaposvár Genetic Traceability of livestock products M. Cassandro, C. Dalvit, M. De Marchi, R. Dal Zotto University of Padova, Department of Animal Science, Legnaro, PD-35020,Viale dell’Università 16. Italy ABSTRACT Aim of this review was to describe the novel approaches on genetic traceability of livestock products. The term traceability, regarding the livestock production sector, means the ability to keep under unfailing control the products origin and animals identity along all passages of the food chain, from farm to fork. In this way it represents a warranty both for the consumers and the producer and it will permit to know where, who and how a product has been produced. It is clear that traceability could be an important tool in order to preserve and to turn to account the livestock products, especially for typical ones. Different kinds of traceability (conventional, aromatic, geographic and genetic) are discussed in order to explain the principles on which they are based and their possible applications. Genetic traceability is based on DNA identification technology through the use of molecular markers. The genetic traceability might be used at four different levels: individual, cohort/group, breed and species. Regarding genetic traceability, the effective discrimination at level of unique animal identification depends on reducing the probability to find two individual sharing, by chance, the same genetic profile to an acceptable low threshold.