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Pathein University Research Journal 2017, Vol. 7, No. 1 2 Pathein University Research Journal 2017, Vol. 7, No. 1 Pathein University Research Journal 2017, Vol. 7, No. 1 3 4 Pathein University Research Journal 2017, Vol. 7, No. 1 စ Pathein University Research Journal 2017, Vol. 7, No. 1 5 6 Pathein University Research Journal 2017, Vol. 7, No. 1 Pathein University Research Journal 2017, Vol. 7, No. 1 7 8 Pathein University Research Journal 2017, Vol. 7, No. 1 Pathein University Research Journal 2017, Vol. 7, No. 1 9 10 Pathein University Research Journal 2017, Vol. 7, No. 1 Spatial Distribution Pattrens of Basic Education Schools in Pathein City Tin Tin Mya1, May Oo Nyo2 Abstract Pathein City is located in Pathein Township, western part of Ayeyarwady Region. The study area is included fifteen wards. This paper emphasizes on the spatial distribution patterns of these schools are analyzed by using appropriate data analysis methods. This study is divided into two types of schools, they are governmental schools and nongovernmental schools. Qualitative and quantitative methods are used to express the spatial distribution patterns of Basic Education Schools in Pathein City. Primary data are obtained from field surveys, informal interview, and open type interview .Secondary data are collected from the offices and departments concerned .Detailed facts are obtained from local authorities and experience persons by open type interview. Key words: spatial distribution patterns, education, schools, primary data ,secondary data Introduction The study area, Pathein City is situated in the Ayeyarwady Region. The study focuses only on the unevenly of spatial distribution patterns of basic education schools in Pathein City . This paper focus on not only the distribution of governmental schools but also the distribution of nongovernmental schools .Because Boarder schools were established in 2000 and Monastic education schools and private schools were established in 2007.This study is divided into two types of schools, they are governmental schools and nongovernmental schools. Emphasis is put on the spatial distribution patterns of basic education schools by types, wards and based on population concentration and transportation. Aim -To analyze the spatial distribution patterns of basic education schools in Pathein City. Objectives -To study the saturation of basic education schools. -To examine the Teacher-Student Ratio in different levels of basic Schools. -To assess the relationship between number of population and schools. Sources of Data and Methodology First, many field observations have been made to understand the current basic education schools distribution patterns. And the gathering and referring to the books and various departments and several field observations are done within Pathein City. In this study, data are mainly used population data, and others are received from Township Administration Department, General Administration Office, Land Record Department. Primary data are obtained from field observation, informal interview and open type interview. Open type interview and in depth interview are conducted focusing on authorities persons, experience persons , local people, parents and students. Secondary data such as number of schools , students and teachers are obtained from Department of Basic Education Pathein District. This paper emphasizes on the spatial distribution patterns of Basic Education 1 Associate Professor, Dr., Department of Geography, Pathein University 2 Master student (Geography Specialization), Pathein University Pathein University Research Journal 2017, Vol. 7, No. 1 11 Schools are analyzed by using appropriate data analysis methods. Mapping data linkage and analysis are done by using Geographic Information System technique. Study Area Pathein City is located in the eastern part of the Pathein Township, Ayeyarwaddy Region. It is situated between 16° 44ʹN and 16° 51’ N Latitude and 94 ̊ 42ʹEand 94°48’ E Longitude. Pathein City lies on both banks of Pathein (Ngawan) River. But the greater part of the area lies on eastern banks. The study area is situated about 120 miles away the west of Yangon and about 75 miles away from the Adman sea. And it is one of the leading seaports of Myanmar as well as the seat of the Region Government of Ayeyarwady Region. Pathein city also serves as headquarter for south west Military Command, Shown in Figure (1). In 1874, Pathein Municipal Area of just under 30.72 square kilometer (12 sq miles). In 1976 the area increased to 40.78 square kilometer (15.91 sq miles). In 2014 ,Pathein City with 15 wards are 66.1 square kilometer (25.75 square miles) due to extension of ward No.12 (1990), ward No- 14(1989) and ward No-15 (2002) . According to its location, the shape of the study area is rather elongated along the banks and narrowed in the east-west direction. In eastern bank of the river, the city extends about 4 miles toward the easterly direction but in the western bank, the area occupies about half miles along the bank. Pathein City is bounded on the north by Mayangaung ,Zinbyungon and kozu Village Tracts, on the east by Myochaung , Pyingadogon and Paukon Village Tracts, on the south by Payachaung and Yemanebingaing Village Tracts, on the southwest by linwungyi and Thitpokkon Village Tracts and on the northwest by kanni Village Tracts. Figure (1) Location Map of Pathein City in Ayeyarwady Region Source :Land Record Department in Pathein Township. 12 Pathein University Research Journal 2017, Vol. 7, No. 1 Result and Findings Spatial Distribution of Basic Education Schools in Pathein City Pathein City Comprises 15 wards separated by the Pathein River, thus the wards are located on both sides of the river. They are adjoining with village tracts of the several area .The number of students on the eastern bank of the urban area is much greater due to the presence of downtown, high accessibility and high population concentration. There are 13 out of 15 wards on the eastern bank, including ward No.1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,11,12,13,14and 15 of which Ward No. 3 has the largest number of basic education schools ,followed by Ward No.1,2,5 and 8 , where ward No.14 has the least. Ward No.9 and 10 are located on the other side of Pathein River and have one high school, one middle school, and 4 primary schools to which the students from the nearby areas attend for education pursuit. Distribution of Basic Education Schools by Wards There are one middle school and 6 primary schools in ward No.1, 1 middle schools(Bch) and 3 primary schools in ward No.2,3 high schools and 5 primary schools in ward No.3, one high school ,one middle school and 3 primary schools in ward No.4,6 primary schools in ward No.5, one middle school and 4 primary school in ward No.6, one high school and 5 primary school in ward No.8, one high school, and 2 primary schools in ward No.9, one middle school and 2 primary schools in ward No.10, one high school and 3 primary schools in ward No.11, 3 primary schools in ward No.12, each middle school and primary school in ward No.13, one primary school in ward No.14, and 2 primary schools in ward No.15. Among the 15 wards, ward No.3 ranks first in the number of basic education schools with 8, followed by ward No.1 and 2 with 7 schools each, and by ward No.5 and 8 with 6 schools each, ward No.14 has the least, with only one basic school Figure (2). There are one pre-school and one private school in ward No.1 ,one pre-school and 6 boarder in ward No.2, one pre-school , one tuition and 7 boarder in ward No.3, one boarder in ward No.4, one pre-school, one private school and 2 boarders in ward No.5, one boarder in ward No.6, one pre-school ,one tuition and one boarder school in ward No.7, one Monastic school and 2 boarders in ward No.8, one pre-school in ward No.10, one pre-school in ward No.13 and one private school in ward No.15. Among the 15 wards, ward No.3 ranks first in the number of nongovernmental schools with 9, followed by ward No.2 with 7 schools , ward No.5 with 4 schools , ward No.4,10,13 and 15 have the least with only one school ..Plate (1,2,3,4). Pathein University Research Journal 2017, Vol. 7, No. 1 13 Figure ( 2) Distribution of Basic Education Schools by Wards Source : Based on Field Observation, December ,2015 Plate (1&2) Basic Education High Schools in Pathein City 14 Pathein University Research Journal 2017, Vol. 7, No. 1 Plate(3&4) Private school and Boarder School in Pathein City Teacher-Student Ratio (TSR) The teacher-student ratio refers to the relative number of students to a teacher teaching at a given class or level or school. Average Teacher-Student Ratios in Different Basic Education Levels There are 9 high schools in Pathein City at which 13573 students are learning, taught by 470 teachers and thus the teacher-student ratio in this level is 1: 29.This ratio is fairly good for effective teaching. Among the 9 high schools 5 are below the average ratio. Pathein City has 4 branch high schools in which 129 teachers are teaching to 2892 students, thus resulting in an average teacher-student ratio of 1:22 which is better than the high schools average. The ratios of two branch high schools are lower than the average. In the middle school level, there is only one school and it needs no average. For two branch middle schools the average teacher-students ratio is 1:30, moderately good for teaching and learning.
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