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Medical Terminology

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Medical Terminology IN THE NAME OF GOD MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY Chapter 19 – 20 – 21 – 22 Saman Esmaeilpour C H A P T E R 19 Medical Terminology Medicine 92 Integumentary System integument : something that covers or encloses something such as a پوششی integumentary shell which covers something else حفظ کردن ، محافظت shield to protect something from being harmed or damaged کردن appearance (صاف و براق)oily glandular secretion that gives hair and skin its glossy چربی پوست sebum to make something smooth or slippery چرب کردن lubricate EXAMPLE: sebum and sweat are secreted by the skin ; sebum lubricates and sweat cools to be located in a particular place واقع شدن lie EXAMPLE: the dermis , or dermal layer , lies directly under the epidermis to fix into a surrounding mass | to surround tightly or firmly ; envelop or جاسازی کردن ، نشاندن ، embed enclose | EXAMPLE: to embed stones in cement | the bullet embedded itself in the wall دور گرفتن ، کارگذاشتن unyielding very hard and not changing in shape or form | an unyielding substance or object does not bend or break when pressure is put on it | determined | rigid | tough | inflexible سخت (unyielding structure) | immovable | not changing or stopping | firm | hard | stiff | solid underlying existing under the surface of something else | basic or fundamental زیرین (underlying structure) EXAMPLE: adipose tissue acts as insulation for the body عایق insulation delicate easily broken or damaged ; easily injured , hurt , or made sick | ظریف ، لطیف ، حساس (delicate structure) sensitive | EXAMPLE: the sun can easily damage a child’s delicate skin glossy having a shiny , smooth surface | shiny and smooth براق (glossy appearance) having no smell بی بو odorless viscous ; having a high viscosity چسپنده viscid one of the organs , as the brain , heart , or stomach , in the great cavities of the body of to (بکاربستن ، استعمال کردن ، اجرا کردن)an animal ; especially used in the plural , and applied احشا viscus plural viscera the organs contained in the abdomen sweat | sweating عرق ، تعریق perspiration subtle not easy to notice or understand unless you pay careful attention | EXAMPLE: the pictures are similar , but there are subtle differences between them | EXAMPLE: the ظریف ، نازک ، ریز (subtle change) symptoms of the disease are so subtle that they are often ignored to separate something into smaller parts so that it is easier to do تقسیم بندی کردن break down or understand a miscellaneous set of things include many different things that do مختلف ، گوناگون ، متفرقه miscellaneous not seem to be connected with each other a hard layer of dried blood that forms over a cut or wound while it اثرزخم scab = hard crust is getting better more than is needed or wanted | being more than is sufficient or زائد ، زیادی ، required | excessive | unnecessary or needless | extravagant غیرضروری superfluous 1 Medical Terminology CHAPTER NINETEEN Integumentary System a pink or red mark on the skin | a skin discoloration that may vary in لکه blotch severity from an area of pigmentation to large pustules or blisters قابل لمس ، آشکار و palpable capable of being touched , felt ; touchable | obvious or easily perceived ; noticeable واضح to cancel or get rid of something that is no longer useful دور انداختن scrap scrapping to injure or damage by rubbing across a surface | to remove something from a surface on a rock and scraped her (لغزش خوردن)using the edge of a knife | EXAMPLE: she tripped خراشیدن ، خراش scrape scraping knee | EXAMPLE: scrape the carrots and slice them thinly injury to any part of the body after excessive exposure to extreme cold , سرمازدگی frostbite sometimes progressing from initial redness and tingling to gangrene apply firm pressure to the surface of something , using a repeated سائیدن ، ساییده شدن rub back and forth motion فرسودن ، فرساییدن ، eats away to reduce or destroy something gradually ساییده شدن a place in unpleasantly large numbers | to invade a host animal | if insects (ساکن شدن)to inhabit هجوم کردن infest , rats infest a place , there are a lot of them and they usually cause damage plural form of louse) | louse : a small insect that lives on the hair or skin of human or animals) شپش ها lice a large blister containing serous fluid تاول بزرگ bulla plural bullae ریختن ، پوست انداختن shed to let something fall ; to drop something | if an animal sheds its skin , or plant sheds leaves , it loses them naturally ، پوست ریختن the outer covering of grain which is left when the grain is made into سبوس bran flour restricted | limited محدود ، محیطی circumscribed سوراخ کردن ، پنهان burrow to dig a tunnel or hole شدن ، ﻻنه کردن دﻻلت کردن بر ، معنی signify to mean | signal | denote | designate | represent دادن ، حاکی بودن از an area of skin that is raised | a swelling on the skin caused by برآمدگی bump illness or injury to pull the feathers off a dead chicken or other bird before cooking it چیدن ، کندن pluck a small hard swollen area that sticks out from someone’s skin or grow توده lump in their body , usually because of an illness a red or brown mark on a person’s skin that has been there since they were born خال مادرزادی birthmark a small dark brown mark on the skin , sometimes slightly higher than خال mole the skin around it | بزرگ کردن ، اتساع dilate to become larger or wider | to enlarge | to make bigger | to expand دادن (پایدار)continuous | constant | steady | sustained پایا ، مزمن ، مداوم persistent extreme in degree | excessive | very severe قوی ، شدید intense کم رنگ ، بی نور ، pale light in color رنگ پریده 2 Medical Terminology CHAPTER NINETEEN Integumentary System موی دراز و درهم ، hirsute | (درهم و برهم ، نامرتب)shaggy shaggy hair or fur is long and untidy پرمو و پشمالو a large quantity that is more than enough | frequency وفور ، فراوانی abundance | (مانع شدن)hamper | (مانع شدن)prevent | stop | to restrict or limit | hinder جلوگیری کردن از ، | (خودداری کردن و بازداشتن)contain | (ممنوع ساختن)proscribe | (منع و ممنوع کردن)restrain prohibit (مانع شدن)impede | (سرکوب کردن)repress | (مانع شدن)suppress مانع شدن to become liquid , or make something become liquid تبدیل به مایع کردن liquefy cutis root word meaning skin onych root word meaning nail (cutis anserina) (onychomycosis | paronychial) pilus root word meaning hair onyx root word meaning nail (pilonidal cyst) tricho root word meaning hair ungual root word meaning nail (hypertrichosis) hidr root word meaning sweat pruritus root word meaning itchiness (hyperhidrosis | hidradenitis) (antipruritic drugs) melanocytes true skin = dermis cells responsible for the relatively dark color of skin (سخت)unyielding (زیرین) adipose tissue subcutaneous tissue containing fat , or section of subcutaneous tissue that contains fat layer of tissue connecting the skin with the underlying structures arrector pili muscle on end erect ; (راست و عمودی)allows the hair to stand on end (attached to the hair follicle) remarkably long ; continuously | upright cilia = eyelashes eyebrow hair on the ridge of the forehead | hair on the ridge over the eye (پلک ها)hairs on the edge of the eyelids hair follicle hair shaft portion of hair (میله مانند)small cavity in which the hair grows long polelike (موی کرک مانندی که جنین را می پوشاند)lanugo perspiration = sweat fine hair on the body of a newborn baby eccrine glands eccrine sweat gland glands found over most of the body , especially the hands and feet ordinary sweat gland that produce sweat from most of the surface of the skin , they function to cool the body ; it produces odorless sweat apocrine glands apocrine sweat glands and pubic area connected to hair follicles in the armpits and pubic area (زیربغل)glands found in armpits lunula sebaceous glands small , white , moon-shaped area at the base of the nail glands that open into hair follicles or directly onto the surface of the skin subungual cuticle the area under the nail small area of dead skin around the edge of the nail paronychial axillary hair the area around the nail hair in the armpit (سایش) ecthyma = ulcerative impetigo erosion skin condition in which fluid rushes out of affected skin | skin skin condition in which there is loss of surface of skin , pressure , (اصطکاک)condition in which fluid rushes out of sores in the skin (superficial destruction of a surface by friction (or trauma , (زخم)ulcerative form of impetigo) ulceration (کم عمق و سطحی)a shallowly) ichthyosis eschar = hard crust = scab condition in which the skin is dry and scaly like the skin hard crust or scab that forms over injured skin | hard crust over injured skin of a fish | dry , and scaly skin , resembling fish skin (skin (فلس مانند)a disease which gives the sufferer a dry , scaly) 3 Medical Terminology CHAPTER NINETEEN Integumentary System زردی و یرقان = icterus = jaundice = yellow (برآمدگی که در محل التیام زخم پدید می آید) keloid condition in which the skin becomes yellow scar formation that is elevated and looks like a tumor characterized by yellowness of the eyes , skin (a red , raised formation of fibrous scar tissue caused by excessive (حالت مرضی)a morbid condition) , (حالت تهوع)queasiness , (یبوست)and urine , whiteness of the feces , constipation tissue repair in response to trauma or incision) ((بی حالی)and lassitude , (سستی)and general languor , (اشتها)loss of appetite lichen papule lichen planus flat papular skin eruption that is sometimes flat flat papules , (بنفش)any of various skin diseases in which the lesions are (an inflammatory skin disease with wide , flat , violaceous) (patches (محدود و مشخص)typically small , firm papules set close together) shiny papules in circumscribed macule nodule on the skin small , palpable
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