General Joseph Martin
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Topography Along the Virginia-Kentucky Border
Preface: Topography along the Virginia-Kentucky border. It took a long time for the Appalachian Mountain range to attain its present appearance, but no one was counting. Outcrops found at the base of Pine Mountain are Devonian rock, dating back 400 million years. But the rocks picked off the ground around Lexington, Kentucky, are even older; this limestone is from the Cambrian period, about 600 million years old. It is the same type and age rock found near the bottom of the Grand Canyon in Colorado. Of course, a mountain range is not created in a year or two. It took them about 400 years to obtain their character, and the Appalachian range has a lot of character. Geologists tell us this range extends from Alabama into Canada, and separates the plains of the eastern seaboard from the low-lying valleys of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. Some subdivide the Appalachians into the Piedmont Province, the Blue Ridge, the Valley and Ridge area, and the Appalachian plateau. We also learn that during the Paleozoic era, the site of this mountain range was nothing more than a shallow sea; but during this time, as sediments built up, and the bottom of the sea sank. The hinge line between the area sinking, and the area being uplifted seems to have shifted gradually westward. At the end of the Paleozoric era, the earth movement are said to have reversed, at which time the horizontal layers of the rock were uplifted and folded, and for the next 200 million years the land was eroded, which provided material to cover the surrounding areas, including the coastal plain. -
A History of Appalachia
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Appalachian Studies Arts and Humanities 2-28-2001 A History of Appalachia Richard B. Drake Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Thanks to the University of Kentucky Libraries and the University Press of Kentucky, this book is freely available to current faculty, students, and staff at the University of Kentucky. Find other University of Kentucky Books at uknowledge.uky.edu/upk. For more information, please contact UKnowledge at [email protected]. Recommended Citation Drake, Richard B., "A History of Appalachia" (2001). Appalachian Studies. 23. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_appalachian_studies/23 R IC H ARD B . D RA K E A History of Appalachia A of History Appalachia RICHARD B. DRAKE THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF KENTUCKY Publication of this volume was made possible in part by grants from the E.O. Robinson Mountain Fund and the National Endowment for the Humanities. Copyright © 2001 by The University Press of Kentucky Paperback edition 2003 Scholarly publisher for the Commonwealth, serving Bellarmine University, Berea College, Centre College of Kenhlcky Eastern Kentucky University, The Filson Historical Society, Georgetown College, Kentucky Historical Society, Kentucky State University, Morehead State University, Murray State University, Northern Kentucky University, Transylvania University, University of Kentucky, University of Louisville, and Western Kentucky University. All rights reserved. Editorial and Sales Offices: The University Press of Kentucky 663 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40508-4008 www.kentuckypress.com 12 11 10 09 08 8 7 6 5 4 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Drake, Richard B., 1925- A history of Appalachia / Richard B. -
"The Rebellion's Rebellious Little Brother" : the Martial, Diplomatic
“THE REBELLION’S REBELLIOUS LITTLE BROTHER”: THE MARTIAL, DIPLOMATIC, POLITICAL, AND PERSONAL STRUGGLES OF JOHN SEVIER, FIRST GOVERNOR OF TENNESSEE A thesis presented to the faculty of the Graduate School of Western Carolina University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in History. By Meghan Nichole Essington Director: Dr. Honor Sachs Assistant Professor of History History Department Committee Members: Dr. Andrew Denson, History Dr. Alex Macaulay, History April 2014 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are many people who have helped me in making this thesis a reality. It is impossible to name every individual who impacted the successful completion of this study. I must mention Dr. Kurt Piehler, who sparked my interest in Tennessee’s first governor during my last year of undergraduate study at the University of Tennessee. Dr. Piehler encouraged me to research what historians have written about John Sevier. What I found was a man whose history had largely been ignored and forgotten. Without this initial inquiry, it is likely that I would have picked a very different topic to study. I am greatly indebted to Dr. Piehler. While an undergraduate in the history program at UTK I met a number of exceptional historians who inspired and encouraged me to go to graduate school. Dr. Bob Hutton, Dr. Stephen Ash, and Dr. Nancy Schurr taught me to work harder, write better, and never give up on my dream. They have remained mentors to me throughout my graduate career, and their professional support and friendship is precious to me. Also, while at UTK, I met a number of people who have continued to be influential and incredible friends. -
Abraham Martin
occ ESWAU HUPPEDAY, Vol. XXVIII. No. 2 79 The Elizabeth Martin Estate Material First a letter: [original spelling is kept] Roxton Lamar C Texas May the 18 1879 Dear Sister It is with a sad hart that I seat my self to tri and wite you a few lines to let you know that we are all tolerbel well hoping lines may find you all well I resieved you letter last maile and was truly sorry to hear of our Sister Deth she was taken away in the bloom of li fe but God will mus be dun and not ours for he gavith and he taketh if she had a hope in christ she is better oft than we are hear in this world of truble you did not state how long she had bin sick we had a very drie winter and spring up to the 14 of April we having a plenty rep[sic] to last week Crops are vary backard and foull an a count of Raine wee had a very Dry Spring up to the 13 of April and from that time up to Last weak we have bin tou weet our oat crop Looks fine and as to gardin we have a very fare one we have rite smart gay [sic] Stuff Coming on You spouk of mee not writing I cant excuse my self only through neglect a por excuse is a fare thing I will Try and do better for the future as to General News I have but Little that would interest you any way [illeg] are pretty here. -
Dr. Thomas Walker State Historic Site Historic Pocket Brochure Text
Dr. Thomas Walker State Historic Site Historic Pocket Brochure Text Neglected Historical Figure Although Daniel Boone gained more acclaim, a lesser-known explorer, Dr. Thomas Walker, preceded the famed frontiersman into the Kentucky territory by 17 years. Walker’s detailed account of his party’s journey into previously uncharted lands, which he set down daily in a journal, later served Boone and other pioneer explorers such as George Rogers Clark well. Twenty-six years before the United States declared its independence from England, Dr. Walker left three of his fellow explorers at a site near what is now Barbourville, Kentucky. As the leader of a surveying expedition for the Loyal Land Company of Virginia, Walker instructed his companions to build a house in order to establish a claim, while he and two others continued their foray into the wilderness. When Walker and his company returned several days later, an 8- by 12-feet cabin had been erected. The structure, built in April of 1750, was the first house built by a white man in Kentucky and the farthest west of Anglo-Saxon civilization of that day. That Walker is generally neglected historically and is not recognized like Boone today, is primarily a result of two factors. First, in his travels Walker found rugged terrain strewn with thickly tangled woods; thus his reports on the region were unfavorable. He missed the beautiful plains of rolling bluegrass, which were later reported in such glowing terms, by a day or two’s journey. Secondly, at the time of his venture, the Kentucky area was disputed territory, claimed by England and France, but not yet relinquished by the Iroquois and Cherokee tribes that made it their home. -
A Narrative of the Conquest, Division, Settlement, and Transformation of Kentucky
University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 5-2013 Pioneers, proclamations, and patents : a narrative of the conquest, division, settlement, and transformation of Kentucky. Brandon Michael Robison 1986- University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Recommended Citation Robison, Brandon Michael 1986-, "Pioneers, proclamations, and patents : a narrative of the conquest, division, settlement, and transformation of Kentucky." (2013). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1222. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/1222 This Master's Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PIONEERS, PROCLAMATIONS, AND PATENTS: A NARRATIVE OF THE CONQUEST, DIVISION, SETTLEMENT, AND TRANSFORMATION OF KENTUCKY By Brandon Michael Robison B.A., Southern Adventist University, 2009 A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Louisville In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Department of History University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky May 2013 PIONEERS, PROCLAMATIONS, AND PATENTS: A NARRATIVE OF THE CONQUEST, DIVISION, SETTLEMENT, AND TRANSFORMATION OF KENTUCKY By Brandon Michael Robison B.A., Southern Adventist University, 2009 A Thesis Approved on April 26, 2013 by the following Thesis Committee: _____________________________ Dr. Glenn Crothers Thesis Director ______________________________ Dr.Garry Sparks ______________________________ Dr. -
1 the FIRST PEOPLE from the OLD WORLD to COME INTO the GREATER HOLSTON VALLEY in VIRGINIA a Presentation at the Blockhouse
THE FIRST PEOPLE FROM THE OLD WORLD TO COME INTO THE GREATER HOLSTON VALLEY IN VIRGINIA A Presentation at the Blockhouse Visitor’s Center At Natural Tunnel State Park Feb. 8, 2015 By: Lawrence J. Fleenor, Jr. Copyright, and all rights reserved Big Stone Gap, Va. The Holston River begins at Groseclose, Virginia, which is near the Mountain Empire Airport just to the east of Rural Retreat, and runs out of Virginia into Tennessee at Bristol. It ends at Knoxville where the Tennessee River begins. The Militia structure of Virginia considered it to include the Clinch and Powell Rivers, which technically are tributaries of the Tennessee. We will use this ancient definition in today’s discussion. Who were the first adventurous people from the Old World to come into the Greater Holston Valley? We will begin with a list of individuals, but it will soon become apparent that these individuals represented larger groups, of which they were just examples. These groups were defined by national origin, DNA, religion, and politics. We will find ourselves considering all these issues in this discussion. It is appropriate to examine the settlement of this area because functionally it is a tight funnel that contained the massive migration of settlers to the interior of the United States. To put it in another way, it was the historic social meat grinder that made America and Americans. The Appalachian Mountains presented a formidable barrier to migration to the Midwest. The main trail from the East through the mountains to the interior of the continent from the coast all the way from New York to the Carolinas went through the Greater Holston Valley. -
N a Nc Y Wa Rd (The Book Features Her Uncle Attacullaculla
A;: I L I T A R Y AND G E N E A L O G I C A ! RECORDS a= THE FAMOUS INDIANWOMAN; N A NC Y WA RD (THE BOOK FEATURES HER UNCLE ATTACULLACULLA AND HER SON-IN-LAW GENERAL JOSEPH MARTIN A~D INDIAN WIFE; bETTY {WARD) MARTI NJ THE STATUE CARVED BY ~~MES ABRAHAM ~ALKER HOLDS A PLATE WI TH ENGRAVING "NANCY WARD, 1776 WATAUGA", 1 N ONE HAND, AND IN THE OTHER A LAMB. NANCY WARD BORN ABOUT 1738 AT foRT LOUOON TENNESSEE OlEO 1N POLK COUNTY TEN~ESSEE ABOUT 1824. JAMES ABRAHAM WALKER WAS BORN IN CLAIBORNE :ouNTY TENNESSEE 1860 DIED IN HARLAN COUNTY 1 WALL I NS CR EEK , KENTUCKY 10/1~/1934. ANi,~ IE WALKER BURNS PO BOX 6183 APEX STATl ON 'NASH I NGTON • 0 .:: • THIS BOOK IS WRI I IEN ANO COMPILED TO HONOR NANCY WA~ THE ,aMOUS TENNRSSEE INDIAN WOMAN, AND TO ALSO HONOR M¥ ,ATHER .. , . SCU~PTURER MIQHT CALL IT CRUO~, IT WAS HIS INTERPRETATION OF JvST HOW SHE IS SUPPOSED TO HAVE LOOKED, ACCORDING TO HISTORIANS AND ALSO DESCRIPTIONS WERE DERIVED ~ROM HEARING HIS ANCESTORS TELL OF HER SAVING THE EARLY SE~LERS OF TENNESSEE, AS THEY WERE THERE ON THE GROUND, IN SULLIVAN COUNTV TENNESSEE, WHICN FACT 1s SHOWN av THE PENSION· RECORD OF EDWARD WAI.KER SR, A REVOLUTIONARY WAR SOLDIER. TH£R! as LlSTED IN THE 1830 CENSUS OF CLAIBORNE COUNTY TENNESSEE (WHERE CUMBERLAND GAP IS S11'UATE0) ON£ BETTY MARTIN, ABOUT THE Rl~HT A~~ (BETWEEN 70-80 IN 183v) TJ HAVE BEEN THE DAU~HTER OF NANCY WARD WHO WAS THE INDIAN wa,E OF GENERAL JOSEPH MARTIN, WHO WAS THE ~IRST INDIAN A~ENT IN TENN!SSCE9 Su~Ll»AN COUNTY, AND SINCE I COULD Jl,OT ~1ND HER LlSTED IN ANY OF THE COUNTIES WHERE NANCY AND BETTY WERE SUPPOSED TO LIV£, I AME INCLINED TO BELIEVE THAT THIS MAY BE HE~ DAUGHTER. -
The Wilderness Road
The Wilderness Road ~ Traffic ~ ~Features ~ At first the Wilderness Road was only a crude trail; only pack The Cumberland Gap through the Allegheny Mountains teams could cross the mountains. Pioneers coming from was first used by hunting and war parties of rival Indian Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and the Carolinas before tribes north of the Ohio River and south of the mountains. 1796 found it necessary to unload their Conestoga Wagons at Sapling Grove and pack their belongings on horses in Part of the road was known first as Boone's Trace. The order to cross the mountains. Transylvania Company sent Daniel Boone with 30 men to hack a trail into the lush valleys beyond the mountains. In The early pioneers lashed huge baskets and bundles of cloth- less than three weeks, Boone's men blazed a trail of 208 ing, bed furnishings and household articles upon packhorses. miles from Long Island on the Holston River through the Children perched on top, or rode in front and behind their Cumberland Gap and on into Fincastle County, which is mothers and relatives. The older boys and men who did not now Kentucky. have mounts had to trudge along on foot. The road was created largely by the wear of constant travel. A caravan of pack horses and people on foot sometimes At first it was no more than a pack trail. Only after stretched out as far as three miles along the trail. Kentucky had become a state was it widened for wagons. Indian raids were common at various points on the Wilder- The first settlements were at Boonesborough and Harrods- ness Road. -
Hopewell Treaty Site
Hopewell Treaty Site The Hatchet Shall be Buried South Carolina National Heritage Corridor The treaties opened up western territories to settlement, provided for prisoner exchanges, established boundaries, and facilitated peace and perpetual friendship between the two sides. The Cherokee negotiations took place with Great Chief Corn Tassel; 36 other chiefs; and nearly isit our Heritage 1,000 men, women and children — including V The Hopewell Treaties were Nanye-hi (aka Nancy Ward), a beloved Cherokee Corridor landscapes the first formal treaties after the battles woman — under the Treaty Oak on the Hopewell -from the Blue Ridge between the United States and the Southern property. The treaty was signed on Novemner 28, Native American tribes. Gen. Andrew Pickens, (also 1785. The Choctaw treaty was signed January Mountains to the Left: General Joseph Martin, Indian Agent for the Cherokee Nation. According known as Skyagunsta” or “Border Wizard Owl”) negotiated the treaties 3, 1786 with Chief Yockenahoma and 30 other to legend, Martin had up to five wives in his life — two white and three Indian. “ Betsy Ward, Martin’s wife, was Princess of the Cherokee Nation and daughter Charleston Lowcountry - chiefs. The Chickasaw treaty was last, concluding of Nancy Ward. Right: Colonel Benjamin Hawkins was agent for the Creek with Benjamin Hawkins, Joseph Martin and Lachlan McIntosh. and discover South several days later on January 10 with Chief Head Nation and Superintendent of all tribes South of the Ohio River. Carolina’s history, Warrior Piomingo, who shared white beads as a token of peace and friendship. people and places. Each treaty ended with the same sentence. -
Thomas Jefferson, Naturalist
Banisteria, Number 41, pages 5-16 © 2013 Virginia Natural History Society Thomas Jefferson and Virginia’s Natural History Lucia Stanton 1308 Gibson Mountain Lane Charlottesville, Virginia 22903 [email protected] ABSTRACT In forty years as a public servant, Thomas Jefferson often lamented being a “prisoner of state.” He described natural history as his passion and, when tied to his desk by political duties, he longed to be out in the “rich fields” of nature, studying grain weevils or noting the blooming dates of flowers. Jefferson had a lifelong fascination with the flora and fauna of Virginia and a reputation for a wide knowledge of botany and zoology. This paper focuses primarily on Jefferson’s interest in and interactions with birds, insects, and plants, particularly those of his own state. On April 16, 1803, the President of the United States was in his study in the White House, writing down these words: “3. house flies of ordinary size to- day.” Thomas Jefferson made this observation in a weather diary in which he had been recording the temperature of his nation since its birth in July 1776. Besides taking readings of his thermometer, he noted other “indexes of climate” — biological events, like the flowering of plants, falling of leaves, and the comings and goings of birds and insects, which marked the cycle of the seasons. Throughout his presidency, he jotted down more signs of spring than just house flies. Such entries included “redbreasts” (7 March 1804), “weepg. willow leafing” (9 March 1808), “frogs sing” (12 March 1807), “shad at table” (19 March 1808), “martins appear” (1 April 1806), “whippoorwill” (2 April 1805), “dogwood blossomd.” (7 April 1807), and “Magnolia glauc. -
Franklin, the Lost State
14 Franklin, the Lost State ON RETURNING HOME FROM KING'S MOUNTAIN IN THE FALL OF 1780, John Sevier found himself a popular hero. The Wataugans soon began to regard him as their leader now that Robertson had moved to the Cumberland country. They had pressing need of Sevier's soldierly gifts and cool courage. In his absence the Cherokee, learning that the Wataugans lacked necessary protection, had again invaded the settlements, burning and scalp ing the citizens and stealing a considerable number of horses. ~he triumphant veterans of King's Mountain had returned in tIme. Sevier quickly summoned the militia of Washington County for an expedition against the Cherokee overhill towns. The set tlers responded with alacrity. All the men loved "Chucky Jack," as they called Sevier, because in I 778 he had settled on the Nolichucky River. He had qualities which pioneers prized as highly as they did their property and freedom. He was affable, gracious and understanding; he carried a cool head on dauntless shoulders. He "gave his commands as to equals, and, because these orders appealed to his men as being wise and practical, they gave unquestioned obedience." In fighting he enjoyed his best ease, for he was an expert marksman and a skillful horseman: his shot rarely missed its target and his white race mare, when she plunged up a steep hill, was as surefooted as a mountain goat. Roosevelt vividly describes Sevier's tactics in Indian fighting: Much of his success was due to his adroit use of scouts or spies. He always chose for these the best woodsmen of the district, men who could endure as much, see as much, and pass through 280 Franklin, the Lost State 281 the woods as silently, as the red nlen themselves.